The National Science Founcation paid for the development of these bionanosensors. The Chemical, Bioengineering Environmental and Transport Systems (CBET) Program 7236 Award Achievements. NSF Program Officer: Leon Esterowitz..

See Patent: http://www.faqs.org/patents/app/20090118605
Title: Surface-enhanced raman nanobiosensor
Assignees: Northwestern University

Abstract:
The present invention relates to biosensors, in particular to surface-enhanced Raman biosensors for detection of in vivo and ex vivo analytes. In particular, the present invention provides compositions and methods for the in vivo detection of analytes such as glucose.
Claims:
1. A biosensor, comprising:a) a substrate; andb) a plurality of nanobiosensors adherent to said substrate, comprising: a plurality of nanospheres; a metal film over said nanospheres; and a self-assembled partition layer formed on the surface of said metal film over said nanospheres comprising at least two compounds, wherein said nanobiosensors are configured for the quantitative detection of an analyte such that the spectrum of a surface-enhanced Raman scattering signal detected from said plurality of nanobiosensors in the presence of said analyte is correlated with the concentration of said analyte in a medium.

[0012]The present invention additionally provides a method for detection of an analyte, comprising providing a plurality of nanobiosensors, the nanobiosensors configured for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy detection of an analyte; and a device configured for the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy detection of the analyte; and contacting the plurality of nanobiosensors with a bodily fluid comprising the analyte; and detecting a surface-enhanced Raman signal from the nanobiosensor using the device. In some embodiments, the level of the surface-enhanced Raman signal is correlated with the concentration of the analyte in the bodily fluid. In some embodiments, the detecting is in vivo. In some embodiments, the nanobiosensors are implanted under the skin. In other embodiments, the nanobiosensors are implanted in an eye.

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