The history is presented of the creation of Soviet liquid-fueled rocket engines. The works of K. E. Tsiolkovskiy and Yu. V. Kondratyuk on the selection of engine and rocket designs, including multistage designs, are described. The properties of fuel components for liquid-fueled engines and the work of F. A. Tsander in the area of the creation of original plans for spacecraft and rocket engines are studied. The use of elements of the structure of the rockets as additional fuel is analyzed; the creative path of a number of leading Soviet scientists is traced. The activity of the first Socket rocket organizations is discussed and the liquid-fueled rocket engines and aircraft rocket engines which they created are analyzed. Some modern, high-power liquid-fueled rocket engines are described.