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^^^ht^on?^h'9Tancis $acon "Baron ^<\^^entlam (Discowtt ofsiSms J^^h chancellor of £n.jbnJ
Or Certain Genuine
REMAINS
O F
S*" Francis Bacon,
Baron of V £ R u x. a m, AND
Vifcount of St. Albans •
In Arguments Civil and ryi^oral^ ?^inral^ Medical ^ Theological, and ^ihliograpki- cal'^ Now the Firft time faithfully Pub-
lilhed. ^^A.^^S:^^A^ ^^^""^^ '
-^r^S » \
An Account of thefe Kemains, and of all his Lffrdfhip's other Iforks.is given by the Publifher, in aDifcourfe by wayof Int roduction.
L^d.^M "T^'T^.-Va v^S--;-l
LONDON,
Printed by J. T>. for 'Richard Chifwell, at the Rofe and Crown in St. Pad's Church-Yard, 167^.
DISCOURSE.:
BY WAY OF
INTRODUCTION.
3
In which the Publifher eri-
deavourcth an Account of the PHiLosot>HY, Mechanic Inventions, andWRiTiNcsj of Sir FRANCIS !BJCON, Baron of Verulajn^ and Vifcount of St. Albans ; And particularly of thefe REMAINS now fee forth by him under the Title of Baconian A.
LONDON,
Printed for .7^. C. at the Ro(e and CfowQ in St. T^w/'s Church -yard, 1679. b
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2009 with funding from
University of Toronto
http://www.archive.org/details/1679baconianaorc00baco
O)
AN
ACCOUNT
of all the
ILord BACONJS
WORKS.
T is my purpofe to give a true ancl plain Account, of the Defigns and Labours of a very great Philofopher amongft us 5 and to offer to the Worlds in'fome tollerable Method, thofe Remains of his, which to that end, were put into my Hands.
Something of this hath been done alrea- dy by his Lordfhip himfelf, and (bmething further hath been added by the Reverend Dr. Ravpley : But their Remarks lay (cat- tered in divers Places , and here they are
b 2 put
\/n Account of all
put under one View, and have received very ample Enlargements.
In this laft and moft comprehenfive Ac- count, I have, on purpole, ufed a loofe and ^(iatic Style, and wilfully committed that venial fault with which the Lacoman ( in Boccalini ) is merrily taxed, who had (aid that in three vpords^ which he might poffibly have exprels'd in two, I hop'd, by this means, to (erve the more efFedual- ly, ordinary Readers^ who ftand chiefly in need of this Introdudion , and whole Ca- pacities can be no more reach'd by a clofe and ftrid Difcourfe, than Game can be ta- ' ken by a Net unlpread.
For any praife upon the account of this (mall Performance, it is not worth the while to be folicitous about it. Yet fbmetimes, mean Men get a flock of Reputation, by gathering up the Fragments of the Learned^ as Beggars ( they fay ) have gotten Eftates by laving together the Alms of the Rich. If that falls not out here where it is not expcdted, it will be abundantly enough to me if the Iiiferiour Reader may have Bene- fit, and any Honour may be done to the Memory of his Lordfhip, whole more Ge- fieral Encominm I Ihall firft let down, and then annex a f articular Narrative of thole Defigns and Labours of his, which may be
laid.
the Lord Bacon's Works.
(aid, not only to merit, buteven to exceed all my Commendations.
I begin ( as I (aid ) with his Lord (hip's Prai(e, in a more general way. And here I affirm, with good aflfurance (for Truth is bold ) that among(t tho(e few, who by the ftrength of their private Rea(bn, have refifted popular Errors, and avanced real and u(eful Learning 5 there has not arifcii a more Eminent Per(bn, than the Lord High Chancellor ^acon. Such great Wits, are not the common Births of Time: And they, (urely, intended to fignifie (b much who (aid of the Phoenix ( though in Hy- perbole as well as Metaphor ) that Nature gives the World that Individual Sfecies^ but once in five hundred Years.
It is true. There lived in part of the lafl:, and this. Century, many memorable Ad- vancers of Philo(bphical Knowledg. \ mean not here (uch as Patriciffs^ or Tekfiuf^ ''Brurjus^ Severittus the Dane^ or Campanella, Thc(e, indeed, departed from (bme Errors of the Ancients, but they did not frame any (olid Hjpothejis of their own. They only fpun new Cobwebs, where they had bru(h'd down the old. Nay, I intend not,^ n this place, either de Charts or Gajfendi, They were, certainly, great Men, but they appeared (bmewhat later, and de(cendec|
ll An Accmnt of all
into the depths of Philofophy, after the Ice had been broken by others. And thole I take to have been chiefly C^permcus^ Fa- ther Paul the Venetian .y Galileo^ Harvey^ Gil- bert^ and the Philofopher before-remem- bred, Sir Francis '^acon^ who, if all his Circumftances be duly weigh'd, may feem to excel them all. He was by ProfeJJion^ a common Lawyer 5 by Offce^ in the ^eens time,, one of the Clerl{s of the Council 5 in the Reign of Ring James^ one of the ICings Counfel Learned, then Solicitor Ge- neral, and one of the Judges in the Knight- Marftials Court , then Attorney General,and one of the King's Privy-Council 5 then Lord- "Keeper of the Great Seal, and during the Kings abfence in Scotland^ Lord Prote&or : And laft of all, Lord High Chancellor of England, So that in (uch a Life as his, fo thickly fet with Buiinefs of fuch Height, it is a Miracle that all Seeds of Philofophy were not daily overdropped, and in a (hort time, quite choaked ^ and that any one of them fprung up to Maturity. And yet his profper'd beyond thofe of the Philofophets before-mentioned, though they were not prefled on with fuch a crowd of (ecular Bu- jinels. '
For Copernicus^ he concerned himfelf e(pe-
daily in the Revolutions of the Heavenly
• Bodies,
the Lord Bacon's Works, 7
Bodies, in reviving and perfeding the ob- (blete Doftrine of l?hilolatis^ touching the . motion of the Earth, and in letting free the Planets from thofe many Epicycles, Ec- centrics, and Concentrics, in which Pto- lomy ^ and others had entrangled them. And he well underftood the Courfe of the Stars, though he did not much ftudy that natural motive Power which carries them about in their (everal Elbptks. The like Remark may be made concerning Mr. G//- krtj who applied himfelf particularly to the conlideration of Magnetic Powers 5 as al(b concerning Dr. Harvey^ who inqui- red principally into the Generation of Ani- mals, and the motion of the Heart : Sub- jeds in which he made great progrcfs, though into the former, the help of Micro- (copes, would have given him further in- fight (a) 5 and in both, he rather purlued (a) s^e the proofs of his Hypotheics, than the na- ^oi.^'|^* ture of the Mechanic force, which pro- cenelati. duced thole great EfFeds. "^^ P- 7o»
Father Pofd, was a more general Philo- ' ' fopher, and the Head ofa,Meetn7gofVer- tuojl in Venice, He excelled in Mechamcs^ in Miithematks of all kinds, in Philological Learning, in Anatomy, In his Anatomical Studies, he exercis'd luch Sagacity, that he made fiirther difcoveries in the fabrick of
8 \Xn Account of all
the Eye, and taught Aqua-fendente^ thofc new Speculations which he pubhfh'd on that Subjed ^ he found out (laith Fulgen- iio ) the ValTjuU in the Veins^ and began the Dodrine of the Circulation of the Blood : Though there is reafon to believe, that he receiv'd the hints of it from Sir Henry Wot- ton ^ who himlelf had taken them from , . ,. ,.^ , Dr. Harvey (a). But, the
(a) Cartes dtjf. de Mi- r rL r \ \rr •
thdo.^. 4^. Herveo Uui b£c prefent ftate ot the Attairs tr$buendaefl ^uUpimamtn of Venicc fo requiring, Fa- ri ■ IT" '^""" ^"'" ther Paul bent his Studies to
Ecclefiaftical Polity , and chiefly employ 'd his Pen in deteding the Uflirpations and Corruptions of the Pa- pacy : Endeavouring ( Co far as Books could do it ) to preferve the Neck of that Re- publick , from the Bondage of Paul the Fifths who attempted to fet his Foot up- on it.
Galileo further improv'd the Dodrine of Copernicus 5 difcovcr'd by Telefcopes, new Stars in the Heavens^ wrote Dialogues con- cerning the Sy^em of the Worlds and touch- ing Local Motion j which latter is the Key that openeth Nature. But he delcended not to the ieveral Clalies of Bodies in Na- ture, and the particulars contained in them, and their relpedive Motions , and U(cs. Neither did he pubUfh any thing till maay
Years
the lorJ Bacon's Works.
Years had pa(s'd, fince Mr. Bacoft had formed and modelled in his thoughts , his larger Idea of Experimental Knowledg. His 6*/- dereuf Nunci^^ came not forth till towards the midft of the Reign of King James, And King Charles had fate (ome Years on his Throne, ere he publifh'd his Dialogue of the Syftem of the World. Whereas Mr. Bacon had not only publifti'd two Books of his Advaf7ceme)?t^ in the beginning of K. James's Reign,but early in the ^eens time, (as from his Letter to Fulgefitio^ plainly appeareth ) he had written his Tempork Partus Maximns. That Book ( pompous in its Title, but fblid in its Mat- ter, like a great Feather put (bmetimes on a good Headpiece ) contained in it, though in imperfed manner, and fo far as the greenncfs of his Years permitted, the prin- cipal Rudiments of his Ir?jlanration, The work therefore of the Ifijianration^ was an Original ^ and a Work (b vaft and com- prehenlive in itsdefign, that though others in that Age, might, hew out this, or the other Pillar ^ yet of him alone it feemeth true, that he ixdimA the. vphok Model o^^g. Houfe of Wifdom.
In thofe days in which he began his Studies, Ariftotle was, in effcft, the Pope in Philolbphy. The Ledures, both in his
private
lo Jn Account of alt
private College, and in the publick Schools, were generally Expofitions upon Arijiotles Text. And every Opinion, wrote by him as his own, was efteem'd as Authentick, as if it had been given under the Seal of the Fifier, It was, therefore, a very lingular Felicity in a young Gentleman to fee fur- ther into Nature, than that celebrated Phi- lofbpher, at whofe feet he was plac'd. And it was as happy as it was extraordinary, ^ that he took diftafte betimes at the Vulgar
Phyficks. IKe and Cuftome in that way, might have reconciled it to him, as it had done to others of great Learning. For a Philofopher is like a Vine, of which they iay. It muft be (et of a Plant, and not of a Tree.
But, though there was bred in Mr. Bacon fo early a dillike of the Phyliologieof Jr/- fiotk^ yet he did not defpife him with that Pride and Haughtinefs, with which Youth is wont to be puffed up. He had a juft efteem of that great Mafter G)D^Au^m sae^r.i^. - Learning (cX and grea-
c. 4. Ceferum^ de v/ro tarn o \ ^' a ^n 1
Extmto certe, ^, el' acumen tcr than that which Arjjtotle
ick"^jc''"''^^'^'" ^''^''' ^^ni^elf expreffed towards
the Philofophers that went before him. For he endeavour'd ( (bme fay) to ftifle all their Labours^ defign- ing to himfelf an univerfal Monarchy over
Opit
the Lord Bacon's Works. 1 1
Opinions, as his Patron Alexafider did over Men. Our Heroe owned what was excellent in him, but, in his Inquiries into Nature, he proceeded not upon his Principles. He began the Work a-new, and laid the foundation of Philofophick Theory in numerous Experiments.
By this Theory is not ( as I conceive ) (b much to be underftood, that moft ab- ftraded,and more narrow one, of the meer nature and definition of Matter, Motion, Place, Figure, Sight , Quantity , and the like, whicli a Man's Reafon may find out, by a few common and daily Appearances in Nature , or Operations of Art : But we are to underftand by it, a truer and fuller Knowledg, of the Syfteme of the World, of the feveral Aftions and Pailions of Bo- dies in it, and of the divers Ways where- \ by, in themfelves, or by the application of Art to them, they may be made fer- yiceable to Humane Life.
Now this was a Work for a Man of a thoufand Hands, and as many Eyes, and depended upon a diftinft, and comprehen- five, Hiftory of Nature. It was a way laborious and tedious, yet ufeful and ho- nourable, and in this, like that way of the Snail, wKich fii^eth though it \sJlow.
^uch an ufeful and noble Philofbphy did
our
1 1 [/{n Accmit of all
our Author defign, inftead of the Art of DifpHtation^ which then generally prevail'd, and which he compar'd to the condition of Children who are apt forT^/^, but not for Generation. And certainly, that Cha- rader was moft due unto hi mfelf which he gave to Xenophanes^ of whom he faid, that he was a Alan of a vafi Conceit^ and that (d) H'fl. ^iif^ded nothing hut Infinrtum (d). of Life c? Eafie it is to add to things already in- p/j''^'' vented'-^ hut to invent^ and to do it under Difcouragement, when the World is pre- judiced againft the Invention, and with loud Clamour hooteth at the Projedlor , this is not an Undertaking for Dulnefs, or Cowardize. To do this, argues an In- quifitive and Sagacious Wit'-^ A mind free from flavifh prepofleffion 5 a piercing Judg- ment^ able to (ee through the mifts of Au- thority ^ a great 'Power in the Underftand- ing, giving to a Man (uSicient Courage to bear up the Head againft the common Cur- rent of Philofophical Dodrines, and Force to beat out its own way in untravelled Places.
With (uch Intelledual Ability, was the Lord Veiidam endow'd ; And he flood on the old Paths^ and perceiv'd, the unlbund- nefs of their Bottom 5 their intricate Wind- ings 3 their tendency to an ufeleli End, or
rather
the Lord Bacon's Works. i j
rather to endlefs Difputation 5 and the dai- ly Juftlings and Rencounters of thole who travaird in them; And he looked atten- tively round about him, and he efpied a new, and better , and larger , and (afer way '-, and he journey 'd far in it himfelf 3 and he left a Map of it for Pofterity, who might further purfue it, and he has been happy in being follow 'd, by Men of the ableft Underftandings, with lingular fuc- celsj and the Societies for improving of^ Natural Knowledge do not at this day, de- part from his Dire«3ions, though they tra- vel further than Death would lufFer him to adventure.
I can, at prelent, call to remembrance but one Man, who hath undervalued his Lordfhip's Method 3 and it is the lame Man who hath libell'd the Holy Scriptures them- lelves, the Infidel Spinoza
(e). This Man objefteth (e ) 5. /?. spinoza /» r^. againft his Way, that it fail- l^.f^; .^Xslt '"' eth in the very entrance of it, through a miftake about the Original of Error.
His Lordlhips Opinion is the lame with that which de Chart infiftethon, in his latter Philofophy. Both (hew that therefore Man deceives himlelf, becaule his Will (being larger in its delires, than the Underfiand-
t4 ^^' Account of all
ing is in its Comprehenfions^ and haftning its opinion of (uch Objeds as it covets to know, before it hath fufficiently attended to them, and obtain d a clear and diftinft perception of them ) does caufe it to yield a blind and rafh, and therefore gfoundlels A (lent to infufficicnt Evidence.
His Lordfhip hath exprefled it thua^ af- ter his better way of faying things. " The Q ) Noy. t' Z)f7derfta?fdir7g (f) is not only made up ' "of dry Light, but it receives an infufion " from the Will and AfFeftions : And that " begets fiich Sciences as the Heart delireth. " For a Man fooneft believes that which " he would have to be true. Wherefore " he rejeds difiadt Truths^ through impa- " tience in inquiring 5 andy^/^er Truths^ be- " caufe they reftrain his hope |^ or defire 5 ] " and the deeper iPs^tt^ral Trnths^by reaibn of " Superftition ^ and the Light cf Experiments^ " by reafon of Arrogance and Pride, left the " Mind ftiould (eem to be converfant in mean " and tranfitory Things 5 and Paradoxes^ out " of refpcd to the opinion of the Vulgar. In ^^ fum.the IVill (eafons and infeds the Mind^ " by innumerable Ways, and by (iich as are, " fomctimes, not at all perceived.
Now, how, think you, doth Spinoza (hew this opinion, to be a gro(s and fundam.en- tal Mijiake ^ Why^ by denying that there
is
the Lord Bacon s Works^. 1 5
is any fuch thing in Man as a WHl : (as if that general name was ever ufed to (ignifie a particular Ad, and not rather to exprefs the general notion of that Power : ) By- telling us that all Volitions are particular Afts, and as fatally determin d by a Chain of Phylical CauleSjas any efFeds whatfoever of Natural Bodies. Sothat wearelike to learn well, from his Philofophy, how to a- mend our Erroneous AlTent, whilft it teach- eth us that it is neceflary,and not to be mend- ed, unlefs Men could have other Bodies, and there were another Scheme of Nature.
It muft be confefs'd , that the Lord I write of, was not without Infirmities, In- telleftual or Moral : And the latter of thefe have made the greater Noife from the greatnefs of his Fall. I do not, here, pre- tend to fpeak of an Angel, but of a Man: And no Man, great in Wit^ and high in Office^ can live free from iulpicion of both kinds of Errors. For that Heat which is inflrumental in making 2i great Wit ^ is apt to diforder the attention of the Mind, and the (lability of the Temper. And High Vlace^ becauie it giveth power to Oppor- tunity, though no Athority to offend, is ever look'd on with a jealous Eye : And corrupt Men who mete by their own Meafures, think no Man can be Great, and Innocent too. His
\6 j4n Account of all
His Lordfhip own d it under his Hand, (g3^« r.§) that, Helopas frail^ and did portal^ of ^tonn^"^^^^ ^^^^fi^ ^f*^^ r/A^e/.- And, (iirely, he Jamas', was a partaker of their Severities alfb 3 March 25. though they proved, by accident, happy tbc^c'ah. Groiles arid Misfortunes. Mcthinks they are reiembled by thofe of Sir George Som- mers^ who being bound, by his Employ- ment, to another Coaft^ was by Tempeft, caft upon the Barmudas. And there, a Shipwrack'd Man made full dilcovery qf a new temperate fruitful Region, which none had before inhabited ^ and which Mariners , who had only feen its Rocks, had efteemed an inacceilible and enchanted Place. The great cauie of his Suffering, is to fbme, a (ccret. I leave them to find (h) ste it out, by his words to King James ( /> ), Mr. Eu- / ^jffj r faid he ) that as I am thefirft^ fo I tr^a.-o. ^^y ^^ ^^^ *'V^ ^/ ^acrtpces in your iimfs, 2p. And when from private Appetite, it is re-
iblv'd, that a Creature (hall be lacrific'd 5 it is ealie to pick up flicks enough, from any Thicket whither it hath ftraid, to make a Fire to offer it with.
But whatfbever his Errors were, or the
'caufes of his Misfortunes, they are over-
ballanc'd by his Vertues, and will die vpith
Time. His Errors were but as fbme Excref-
cencies, which grow on thofe Trees that
are
the Lord Bacon 's Works. 1 7
re fit to build the Palaces of Kings : For
hough they are not proper and natural
'arts, yet '.tlicy do not very much deprive
he Body of its ufe and value. And, fur^
ler, ( to exprefs my (elf by a more decent
mage, a Comparifon of his own 5 ) " His
Fall will be to Pofterity, but as a little
Pifture of V^ght-worl^^ remaining a-
mongft the Fair and Excellent Tables of
his Ms ar?d Work^s ( i), u^^f'
Thele I diftinguilh, into two kindsj Andrgws
His Mechiwical Inventions^ and his Wri^ tings,
I doubt not but his Mechanical Inventi^ ns were many. But I can call to mind )ut Three, at this time, and of them I can ive but a very broken Account : Andg or his Inftruments and Ways in recovering elerted Mines^ I can give no account at 11 :, though certainly, without new Tools nd peculiar Inventions, he would never lave undertaken that new and hazardous Vork. Of the three Inventions which ome now to my Memory, the
Firfl was an Engine reprejenting the mO" ion of the Planets. Of this I can lay no nore than what I find, in his own words,in >ne of his Miicellany Papers in Manulcript* c The
1 8 An Account of all
The words are thefe : " I did, once, caule " to be reprefented to me, by Wires^ the "motion of fbmeP/^//ef/, in fiift as it is, *•'• without Theories of Orbs^ See. And it " (eemed a ftrange and extravagant Motion. " One while , they moved in Spires for^ " wards 5 another while they did unwind " themfelves in Spires backwards : One while " they made larger Circles , and higher 5 " another while (mailer Circles, and lower: " One while they mov'd to the Norths in " their Spires, another while to the South,
His Secofid Iftverjtion was a fecret CuriO' f,ty of Nature^ whereby to k^ow the Sea- Jon of every Hour of the Tear , by a P/ji- lofophical GlaJ}, placed ( with a fmall propor- tion of Water ) in a Chamber, This Inven- tion I deicribe in the words of him, from whom I had the notice of it, Mr. Thomas <S)set Biifliel f4), one of his LordQiips Menial /^'I/*p. Servants 5 a Man skilful in difcovering and opening of Mines ^ and famous for his curi- ous Water-Works^ in Oxfordflnre^ by which he imitated Kain^ Hail^ the Rain-bow^ Thun- der and Lightning.
This (ecret cannot be that Tnftrument which we call Vitrum Calendare, or the Vt'cathcr-Glafs ^ the Lord *\Bacon in his
Wri-
17.
[ ehe Lord Bicons Works o 1 9
Vritings (/J, fpeaking of that as a thing ^^)^ .^j/^* a ordinary ufe, and commending, nota»ddelth, Vater || but redifi'd Spirit of Wine, in the ?• ^^• lie of it. Nor ( being an Inftrument made ^/"aU^l vith Water J is it likely to have (hewed §i4.p- hanges of the Air with lb much exadneft, ^^^-^n^i s the later Barofcope made with Mercury, ^nd yet, it (hould (eem to be a (ecret of tigh value by the Reward, it is faid to lave procured. For the Earl of Effex (fas ^^ [C in his Extract, pag, i/.reporteth) when dr.'^acoM had made a Prelent of it to him^ vas pleas'd to be very bountiful in his "hanks, and beftow upon him Twkk^am^ V4, and its Garden of Paradife, as i >lace for his Studies. I confcfs, I have not 'aith enough to believe the whole of this lelation. And yet I believe the Earl of Ijfex was extremely Liberal, and free even p Profufenels 5 that he was a great lover of '^earned Mert^ hemg , in fome fort , one of hem himfelf (m) 5 and that with finguiar hI^^J" ^atrona^e, he cherifti'd the hopeful Farts ^e'iu. )f Mr. "l^acon^ who alfo ftudied hk For-^*3?- unes and Service. Yet Mr. T^acon him- elf, where he profefleth his unwillingnefsr o belhort, in the commemoration of the Cfi^Ba- avours of that Earl 5 is, in this great one, ^^^J^^^"'' ^erfedly (ilent (w). But there is, in his E^r'i cf Apologie^ another Story, which may ieem ^^'^•^- /*» c 7 to'"^'^^'
20 [An Account of all
to have given to Mr. Bf/fie!^ the occafion of his Miilake. "After the Q^ieen had de-[ " ny'd t^ Mr. Bacorj^ the Solicitor's Place, " for the which the Earl of Ejfex had been " a long and earneft fuitor on his behalf^ it " pleated that Earl to come to him, from " 7?7 A/<?W, to Twkhi7ar//-Park^-^ and thus' " to break with him : Mr. Bacon ^ the ^een
" hath deny'd me the Place for you.
" you fare ill, becaule you have chofen me \ " for your Mean and Dependance ; You '^ have fpent your thoughts and time in my . '^ Matters, I die — if I do not do fomewhat i "towards your Fortune. You (hall not " deny to accept a piece of Land which I " will beftow upon you. And it was, it (ecms, fo large a piece, that he under-fold it for no lels than Eighteen Hundred : Pounds.
His Third Lwention was, a kind of Me^ cha?iical hidex of tie AlJnd, And of this,
b^s'\i" ^^^' ^^-fi^^ W ^^^^ given us the following fr.ta. p. Narrative and Dcfcription. " His Lord- i7jjS. " fhip prcfented to Prince Hemy^ TvpoTri- '^ avgnlar Stcnes ( as the Firft-fruits of his " Philofophy ) to imitate the Sympatheti- " cal Motion of the Load-fione and Iroft^ "although made up by the Compounds of " Meteors ( as Star-lhot Jelly ) and other " like Magical Ingredients, with the reflciS-
"ed
!
the Lord Bacon's Works. 1 1
^ ed Beams of the Sun , on purpofe that the warmth diftiU'd into them through the moift heat of the Hand, might difcover the afFedion of the Heart, by a vifible fign of their Attradion and Appetite to each other, like the hand of a Watch, within ten Minutes after they are laid on a Marble Table, or the Theatre of a great Looking-Glafs. I write not this as a feigned Story, but as a real Truth ^ for I was never quiet in my Mind, till I had procured thefe Jewels of my Lord's Phi- lofophy from Mr. Archy Primrofe ^ the Prince's Page. Of this I find nothing , either in his
Lordjliifs Experiments (pj touchwg Emijfi- Qp) j^^f^
oti^ or Immateriate VirUtes^ from the Mmds ^'A ^'^n'.
and Spirits of Men 5 or, in thofe concern- l°'^^^cl
ing the fecret Virtue of Sympathy and Anti- p. 205. '
^athy (q). Wherefore I forbear to fpeak (q) /^;V.
iirther in an Argument about which I am ^^p- 9^'
b much in the dark. c.p,in,
I proceed to fubjeds upon which I can
fpeak with much more affurance, his Inimi-
:able Writings, Now, of the Works of the Lord Bacon^
many are extant , and fome are loft , in
whole, or in part.
His Abecedarium Natnr£^ is in part loft,
md there remaineth nothing of it belides
c 3 the
%% An Account of all
tlie Fragment, lately retrieved, and now firft publifh'd. But this lofs is the le(s to be lamented, becaufe it is made up with advantage,in the lecond and better thoughts of the Author, in the two firft Parts of his Inftauration. The World hath fuftain'd a much greater lo(s in his Hrjioria Gravis d^ Levis^ which ( I fear ) is wholly perifhed. It IS true, he had gone no fiirther than the general Delineation of this Work 5 but thofe Out-lines drawn by fo great an Ar- tift, would have much direded others, in defcribing thofe important Phenomena of Nature.
Ahb his Colledion of Wife and Acute Sentences, entituled by him, Ormmenta Rutm/alia 5 is either wholly loft 5 or, in feme obfcure place, committed to Moths and Cobwebs. But this is, here in (bme fort fupplied, partly out of his own Works, and partly out of thole of one of the An- cients.
Loft, likewife, is a Book which he wrote
(^r)sei in his Youth, he caird it [Temporis Partus
f^^'-'^^^^^^^hximus'] (r) the Greateft Birth of
{{)s~ee Time: Or rather, Temporis ''Partus Maf-
the raoe nilus^ the Mafculine Birth of Time. For
Tul \f ^ Gruter found it calFd in ibme of the
Sa pta Papers of Sir William Bofivel (f). This
!!'"!i!°/"' was a kind of Embrio of the Inftauration :
. And
the Lord Bacon's Works. i 5
and if it had been preftrved, it might have delighted and profited Philofbphical Rea- ders, who could then have (een the Gene- ration of that great Work, as it were from the firft Egg of it.
Of thofe Works of the Lord Bacons which are Extant^ (bme he left imperfed, that he might purfue his Defign in others 5 As the U^w ^Atlantis : Some he broke off on purpole, being contented to have (et others on-wards in their way 5 as The Dia- logue of a Holy War. In (bme he was pre- vented by Death 5 as in the Hiftory of Henry the Eighth. Of (bme he de(paired ^ as of the PhjlofiphJa. Prima^ of which he left but fome few Axioms. And laftly, (bme he perfefted, as- fome parts of the Great Injiauration. And amongft all his Works, that of his Injlawatmt^ de(erveth the firft place. He thought (b himfclf, (aying to Dr. Andrews , then Lord Bifhop of Win- chcfter (t)^ " This is the Work, Which, in 0) rn "my own judgment, (Si ^f^f^fi^^^ f^^^t ^^^^^3^1'^ " Imago J I do moft efteem. hUAd^er^
In this Work, he defigned to take in^'^^^'"' pieces the former Model of Sciences 5 to holy war, lay afide the rotten Materials 5 to give it a new Form, and much Enlargement 5 and to found it, not upon Imagination , but Rea(bn helped by Experience. This C 4 Great
%^ \An Account of all
Great I?7Jlauratiort^ was to confifl: of Six Parts.
The Firji Part propofed was, the Parti- tions of the Siiemes : And this the Author perfeded in that Golden Treatife of the Advancement of Learning , addrefled to (u) In King James ^ a Labour which he termed (u) ^^^sf/x^'^ the comfort of his other Labours. This Bodiev, /'. he firft wrote in two Books, in the Englifi H' i^f^'"^'^- Tongue, in which his Pen excelled. And of this Firfl Edition that is to be meant, which, with fome Truth, and more Mo- defly, he wrote to the Earl of Salisbury 5 (w) In a telling him ()v), "That, in his Book, he was liefuVc.'' " contented to awake better Spirits, being p. II. " himfelf like a Bell-ringer, who is fiirft up ^' to call others to Church. Afterwards he enlargeth the Second of thofe Two Dif- cour(es, which contained efpecially the a- bovefaid Partition, and divided the Matter of it into Eight Books. And, knowing that this Work was dell red beyond the Seas, and being alfo aware, that Books written in a modern Language, which receiveth much change in a few Years, were out of ufe ; he causVl that part of it which he had written in EngliJJj^ to be tranflated in- to the Laiihc Tongue, by Mr. Herbert^ and fome other?, who were eftecmed Mafters in the 'Jioman Eloquence. Notwithftand-
ing
the L ord Bacon s Worh. 2 5
ing which, he Co futed the Style to his Conceptions, by a ftricft Caftigation of the whole Work, that it may dclervedly (eem his own. The Tranflation of this Work ( that is, of much of the Two Books writ- ten by him in Englijl?^ he firft com- mended to Dr. T^/ajfer^ a Profeflbur of Divinity in the Univerfity of Cambridg 5 ufing, amongft others, thefe words to him. " The (x) privatencls of the Language confi- ^^^^ ^J' ^' dered, wherein the Book is written, ex- Lenert in " eluding (b many Readers^ as, on the o- Refufc " ther fide, the oblcurity of the Argument, ^*^^' ^"^^ " in many parts of it, excludeth many o- "thers X, I muft account it, a iecond Birth " of that Work, if it might be tranflated " into Latine^ without manifefi: lo(s of the " Sence, and Matter. " For this purpofe I " could not reprefent to my felf any Man, " into whole hands 1 do more earneftly de- " fire that Work fhould fall , than your " Self: For , by that I have heard, and " read, I know no Man a greater Mafter, " in commanding Words to (erve Mat- •■ " ter.
The Dodor was willing to ferve (o Ex- cellent a Perfon, and (b worthy a Defign^ and, within a white, fent him a Specimen of a Latine Tranflation. But Men, gene- rally, come ihort of thcmfelves when they
drive
2 6 Jn Account of alt
ftrive to out-doe themfelves. They put a force upon their Natural Genius, and, by draining of it, crack and difable it. And (b, it (eems, it happened to that Worthy and Elegant Man. Upon this great Occa- fion, he would be over-accurate, and he lent a Specimen of (uch (uperfine Latinity, that the Lord Bacoft did not encourage him to labour further in that Work, in the pen- ning of which, he defired not fo much neat and polite , as clear Mafculine, and apt Expreffion.
The whole of this Book was rendred into E^gfifi by Dr. Gilbert Wats ^ of Oxford'^ and the Tranilation has been well received by many. But (bme there were , who wiflied that a Tranilation had been let forth, in which the Genius and Spirit of the Lord '"Bacon had more appeared. And 1 have feen a Letter, written by certain Gentlemen to Dr. Raniey^ wherein they thus importune him for a more accurate Verfion, by his own Hand. "It is our " humble fute to you, and we do earneftly "•' folicit you, — - to give your felf the " Trouble, to corred: the too much defe- "dive Tranflation of de ^Angmaitis " Scktitiarum , which Dr. Watts hath fet " forth. It is a thoufand pities , that (p •^'•worthy a Piece fliould lofc its Grace
" and
the Lord bacon's Works. a 7
"and Credit. by an ill Expofitor^ fince ''thofe Perfons, who read that Tranflati- *'on, taking it for Genuine, and upon that "prefumption not regarding the Latif7e " Edition, are thereby robbed of that be- "nefit which (if you would pleafe to "undertake the Bulinefs) they might re- " ceive. This tendeth to the dilhonour of "that Noble Lord, and the hindrance of " the Mvamerdcnt of 'Learning.
This Work hath been alio tranflated into Trench upon the motion of tlie Marquis , Fiat. But in it there are many things wholly omitted, many things perfedly mif- taken, and fome things (efpecially (uch as relate to Religion) wilfully perverted. Infbmuch that, in in one place, he makes his Lordfhip to magnifie the Legend : A Book, lure of little Credit widi him, when he thus began one of his Eflays "^ , " I had * r/iv " rather believe all the Fables in the Le- "£,f ^" " gend, and the Talmud, and the Alco- "ran, than that his Univerlal Frame is " without a Mind.
The faireft, and mod corredl Edition of this Book in Latine^ is that in Folio, prin- ted at London^ ^Anno 1625. And who- foever would underftand the Lord Bacons Cypher (^_), let him confult that accurate (y) /« Edition. For, in fome other Editions i-^^c.i.
whith
2 8 'j(n Accmtt of all
which I have perufed, the form of the Let- ters of the Alphabet, in which much of the Myftcrie confifteth, is not obferved : But the Roman and Italic (hapes of them are confounded.
To this Book we may reduce the firft four Chapters of that imperfeft Treatife, Ct) rnter pubUihcd in Latim by Ifiac Gruter (2s), ^^I'f^f and called The Defiripion of the htelle&ttal {oiy{'. Globe -^ they being but a rude draught of the Partition of the Sciences, fo accurately and methodically difpofed, in this Book of the Advancement of Learning. To this Work , alfo , we may reduce ^ the Treatife called Tkema Cc-//, publiftied hke- wife in Latmc^ by Gruter. And it parti- cularly belongeth to the Fourth Chapter, and the Third Book of it 5 as being a Dif- courfe tending to an improvement of the Syftemof the Heavens, which is treated of in that place,the Houfes of which (had God granted him life) he would have underftood as well almoft as he did his own. For the fame Reafon, we may reduce, to the fame place of the Advancement^ the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Chapters, of the Defiriptio (a) See Qlohi InteUe&jialis^ above remembred (a), I'r^tf' The Second Part of his Great Inftaura- Phfiof. tion C ^^^ ^^ confiderable a part of it, that p. 90, &c. ^^^ ^^^g ^£ ^1^^ ^j^Qig J5 gi^^n to it ) is
bis
the Lord Bacon's Works. 1 9
his Novum Organum Scktitiaram , written by him(elf in the Latine Tongue, and prin- ted al(b moft beautifully and correftly in Folio, 2it London (by This Work he De- (b)i<5zo. dicated to King James^ with the following "'pl'^/^lc' Excu(e 5 That, if he had ftolen any time, part of for the Compofure of it, from his Maje- 'i^'p[f^„ ftie's other Affairs, he had made (bme fort an Engl, of Reftitution , by doing Honour to his'^*'^""* Name and his Reign. The King wrote to him, then Chancellor, a Letter of thanks, with his own Hand (f) 5 and this was the {c)Dated firft part of it. " My Lord, I have recei- ^^f/l^; " ved your Letter, and your Book, th2.viC0iieh.ef "the which you could not have ^nt, ^'||j*^"" • " a more acceptable Prefent, to me. How ^83. " thankful I am for it, cannot better be '' expreficd by me, than by a firm Refolu- "tion I have taken ^ Firft, to read it "through with Care and Attention, " though I (hould fteal fome Hours from " my Sleep , having , otherwile , as little *' fpare Time to read it, as you had to ^' write it : Andi-then to u(e the liberty of " a true Friend, in not (paring to ask you "the queftion in any Point, whereof I " ftand in doubt, ( Nam ejus eji explkare^ '^ aijhs eji condere 5 ) as, on the other part, " I will willingly give a due commendation " to fuch Places, as in my Opinion, Ihall
'tide-
no An Account of all
" deferve it. In the mean time, I can with " comfort, affure you, that you could not " have made choice of a Subjed, more be- " fitting your Place, and your Univerfal,
" and Methodical Knowledg.
Three Copies of this Organutn^ werefent by the Lord Bacon to Sir Hemy Wotton^ one who took a pride ( as himfelf faith ) in a certain Congeniality with his Lord- fhip's Studies. And how very much he va- lued the Vrefivi^^ may learn from his own *s\y H words. "You Lordftiip (faid he"^) hath Wcttcn/' "done a great and ever-living Benefit to Re^ams, cc ^^ ^^ Children of Nature, and to Na- 25?^? ' " ture her felf in her uttermoft extent of " Latitude : Who , never before, had fo ." noble , nor lb true an Interpreter , or ( as I am readier to ftyle your Lordlhip ) " never fb inward a Secretary of her Cabi- "net. But of your Work (which came " but this Week to my hands ) I (hall find " occafion to fpeak more hereafter 3 ha- *^' ving yet read only the Firft Book there- " of, and a few Aphorifms*of the Second. " For it is not a Banquet that Men may fu- " perficially tafte, and put up the reft in *' their Pockets, but, in truth, a fblid "Feaft, which requireth due Maftication. " There?fore, when I have once, my (elf, " peruled the whole, I determine to have
the Lor^ Bacon's Works. 3 1
"it read, piece by piece, at certain Hours, " in my Domeftic College, as an Ancient " Author : For I have learned thus much " by it already, that we are extremely mif. " taken in the Computation of Antiquity, "by fearching it backwards, becaufe, in- " deed, the firft Times were the youngeft5 " elpecially in points of Natural Difcovery
"and Experience.
This Novum Orgamm containeth in it, Inftrudions concerning a better and more perfect ufe of Reafon in our Inquifitions after things. And therefore the Second Title which he gave it was, Dire&ions con^ certiwglfjterpretations of Nature, And, by this Art, he defigned a Logick more ufeful than the Vulgar, and an Organon apter to help the Intelleftual Powers, than that of ^riflotk. For he propofed here, not fo much the Invention of Arguments, as of Arts 5 and in Demonftration, he uftd In- duftion, more than Contentious Syllogifm 5 and in his Indudion, he did not ftraightway proceed from a few particular Senfible No- tions, tothemoft general of all 5 but rai- led Axioms by degrees, defigning the moft general Notions for the laft place ^ and in- lifting on fuch of them as are, not merely Notional, but, coming from Nature, do alio lead to her.
This
J 1 [An Account of all
This Book containeth Three Parts, Tf^e Preface ^ the Diftrihtion of the Work of the Great Inftauration 5 Apkorifms, gui- ding to the Interpretation of Nature.
Tke Preface coniidereth the prefent un- happy ftate of Learning, together with Counfels and Advices to advance and im- prove it. To this Preface therefore, are to be reduced the Ifidicia^ and the T^roem (i)scrifit. in Grtiter (d)^ concerning the Interpreta- P-185.& tion of Nature^ the Fir ft Book de Aug- '*^^' ff/ef^tk Sckntiamm^ which treateth gene- rally of their Dignity and Advancement -y /^cfme^r ^"^ ^^^ Lordftiip's Cogitata & Vifa (e\ Imong the writtcu by him, in hatine^ viathout Inten- scripta. tion of making them pubhck in that Form, (f )^««9 and fent to Dr. Andreves (/), as likewife i6o7-A«? to Sir Thomjs Bodely^ with a delire to re- ^.35. ' ceive their Cenfiires and Emendations. The Liter returned him a free and friendly Judg- ment of this Work, in a large and learned Letter,publi{hed in the Cabaia^m the E^/ghfo (z) Inter Tongue, and by Gn/^cr in the Laiwe (^). Si-ripra The like, perhaps, was done by thej^r/^er, p"^j/ though his Anlwer be not extant.
To the Diftribiitiot?^ belongeth that La-
{K) Inter Unc Fragment in Gruter (^J), called, The
scr/pra. Delineation, and Argument, of the Se-
^'^^^' cond Part of the Inftauration. So doth
CO Pag. that ( /) of the Philofbphy of T^armemdes
''^- and
the Lord Bacon's Works. 3 J
and Teleftuf, and ( efpecially J Demcrituf. For ( as he (heweth in the beginning of that Part) he defigned firll: to coniider the Learning of which the World was poflef^ (cd '•) and then to perfect that ^ and that being done, to open new Ways to further Dilcoveries.
To the ^phorifmr is reducible, his Letter to Sir Hetiry Savil^ touching Helps for the Ivtelk&Hdl i^ovpers ^ written by his Lord- (hip in the Evghfld f >^ ) Tongue. A part o'i ^^^ ^^ Knowledg then (crarce broken (/), Men 125* &c. believing that Nature was here rather to ^(^^''^*/^ be fbllow'd than guided by Art 5 and as noza \n neceflary ( in his Lordfhip's Opinion ) as '^^* ^'*^' the grinding and whetting of an Inftrument, ^'' ' or the quenching it, and giving it a ftroa- ger Temper.
Al(b there belong to this place , the Tragme^t^ call'd Aphorifini c^ Co^/fiUa^ de Auxiliis mer?tJs. And Sentent7£ Ditodecim de Intd'pretatione Natura 5 both publiftied by Qmter in the Latine Tongue, in which his Lordfhip wrote them (m"). Cm) see
In the bringing this Labour to Maturity, !^sf '^^* he ufed great and deliberate Care 5 info- much that Dr.(») Rawley faith, he had feen (^^ ^.^^ Twelve Copies of it, revifed Year by Year, f» ^*f'- °f one after another, and every Yearalter'd ^''•'^^'"^ and amended in the Frame thereof^ till at
d lafl:
Coil.
34 An Account of all
laft it came to the Model in which it was committed to the Prefs. It was like a migh- ty Pyramid, long in its Eredion , and it will, probably, be like to it in its Conti- nuance.
Now he received from many parts be- yond the Seas, Teftimonies touching this Work, (uch, as beyond which he could » In Eft, not C he faith, "^ ) exped at the firft, in Anll^Zs ^^ abftrufe an Argument , yet neverthelefs ( he faith again ) he had juft caufe to doubt that it flew too high over Mehs Heads: He purposed therefore, ( though he broke the order of Time ) to draw it down to the fenfe by fbme Patterns, o^ Natural Story a?7cl Inqmfitwn.
And fb he proceeded to
The Third Part of the L/Jlauratio^^ which he called the Fh£f7omef7a of the Umverfe^ or the Hiftory Natural and Experimental, fublervient to the building of a true Philo- fbphy.
This Work confifteth of feveral Sedi- ons :
The Firft is his Tarajceve^ or Prepara- tory to the Hiflory Natural and Experi- mental. It is a (hort Difcourfe written in Lath/e^ by the x^uthor, and annexed to the JSlovitm Orgatium Scktit'mrum. There is de- livered in it, in Ten Aphorifins, the gene- ral
the Lord Bacon's JVorkso 3 f
ral manner of framing a Natural Hiftoryo After which foUoweth a Catalogue of par- ticular Hiftories, of Coelcftial and Aereal Bodies , and of thofe in the Terreilrial Globe, with the Species of them : Such as Metals, Gems , Stones , Earths , Salts^ Plants, Fiflies, Fowls, Iniedls 5 Man, in his Body, and in his Inventions mechanic and liberal.
A late Pen has travelled in the Tranfla- tion of this little Defcription of Natural Hiftorv --s and it is extant in the Second Part of the Refifjcitation.
To this Parafcezie^ it is proper to reduce the Fragmefit of the Abecedarium Naturx 5 and a fhort Difcourfe written ir iLatifie by his Lordfhip, and publifhed by (^mter (;?)i {n^Sei It being ( what alio its Title Ihews ) a ^^'^•^ ^^y Preface to the Phd;f7omena of theZJmverJc ^ 323. "' Or, The Natural Hijiory.
Neither do we, here, unfitly place the Fable of the 5\jw Atlantis : For it is the Model of a College to be Inftituted by fome King who philofophizeth , for the Interpreting of Nature, and the Improving of Arts. His Lordfhip did ( it feems ) think of finilhing this Fable, by adding to"' it a Frame of Laws, or a kind of Utopatt Commonwealth 5 but he was diverted by his defire of Colleding the Natural Hi-
d 2 Ixory
3 6 An Account of all
ftory which was firft in his efteem. This
Supplement has been lately made by ano-
(o) S« ther Hand (o): A great and hardy Adven-
//«. o/iJ. ^^^^5 to finiQi a Piece after the Lord Veru-
Atiantis fams Pencil. This Fable of the ^^eji? ^^-
ftf^o.^^"* A?;//// in the Latwe Edition of it, and in
the Fran ck fort Colledion , goeth under
the falfe and abliard Title of U\ovus Atlas:
As if his Lordfhip had alluded to a Perfon,
or a Mountain, and not to a great Ifland,
which according to Flato^ periftied in the
Ocean.
The Second Sdiion is , the Hiftory of Winds , written in hatim by the Au- thor, and by T(. G. Gentleman, turned in- to Englifi. It was Dedicated to King Charles^ then Prince, as the Firft-fruits of his Lordihip's Natural Hiftory 5 and as a grain of Muftard-feed, which was, by de- grees, to grow into a Tree of Experimen- tal Science. This was the Birth of the firft of thofe Six Months, in which he deter- mind (God affifting himj to write Six (everal Hiftories of Natural Things. To wit, ofDenfi and Rare Bodies ^o't Heavy and light Bodies ^ of Sympathy and Antipathy 5 o{ Salt , Sulphur , and Mercury ; of Life and Death '^ and ( which he firft perfected) tiiat of Winds^ which he calls the Wings by which Men flie on the Sea, and the
Beefbms
the Lor-d Bacon's Works. 37
Beefoms of the Air and Earth. And he, rightly, obfcrveth concerning thofe Poji- vati ( for , as he (aith , they are not a part of the Six Days Works, or Primary Creatures ) that the Generation of them has not been well underftood , becaufe Men have been Ignorant of the Nature and Power of the Air , on which the Winds attend, ^.sMolus on Juno.
The Effglifl) Tranflation of this Book of Winds, is printed in the Second Part of the Refufijtatio^ as it is called, though im- properly enough 5 for it is rather a Colle- ction of Books already Printed , than a Refulcitation of any confiderable Ones, which before flcpt in private Manuicript.
The Third Se& ion k^ the Hiflory of Z)f?/- ^Z?/; and Rarity^ and of the Expaniion and Coition of Matter in Space. This DiP courfe was written by his LordQiip in La- iint'-i and was publifh'd very imperfeftly by Grtiter^ amongft other Treatifes, to which he gave the Title of Impetus Phihfo- phici (0) 5 and ven^ perfeftly and corred- f (^^^ 5^, ly by Dr. Rnwky^ out of whoie Hands none ytn^'Umii of his Lordfhip s Works came lame and ill p^^j^^'' Ihapen into the World. 337 '^*<=-
In this Argument, his Lordfhip allow- ing that nothing is (ubftraded, or added to the total Sum of Matter, does yet grant,
d 5 that
t% An Account of all
51 , -'
that in the fame Space there may be much more or lefs of Matter 5 and that ( for In- ■ fiance {ake ) there is ten times more of Mat- ter in one Tun of Water, than in one of , Air. By which his Lordihip (hould feem to grant, what yet I do not find he does in any other place ^ either that there is a Vacuum in Nature, or penetration of parts jn Bodies.
The Third SeUion ^, the Hiftory of Gra- vity and Lez'ity ^ which fas before wa§ 0idj was but defignd^ and remaineth not (that I can hear of J fo much as in the rude draught of its Defignation. On- ly, there are pubhfhed his Lordihip's To- pics, or Articles of Inquifition, touching Gravity and Levity ^ in his Book of Ad- (q) r)e yancement (q) 5 and a brief .Adit us to this i'feZ'\ Hiftory., annexed to the Hifioria Ventornm, c.3.'p3S6." In that Aditus^ or Entrance, he rejefteth the Appetite of heavy Bodies to the Ccn- I ter of the Earth, as a Scholaftic Fancy ; ' ■ He taketh it for a certain Truth, That Body does not futfer but from Body, or that there is any local motion which is not fbli- cited, either from the parts of the Body it felf which is moved , or from Bodies adjacent, either contiguoufly , or m the next Vicinity, or at leaft within the Orb of their Adivity : And laftly, he commen-
dcth
the Lord Bacon's Works. 9 9
deth the Magnetic Virtues introduced by Gilbert^ whom yet in this he difalloweth^ that he made himfelf as 'twere a Magnet, and drew every thing to his Hypothecs.
The Fourth Sctiion h\ the Hiftory oi Sym- pathy and AfJtJpathy, Of this we have on- ly the Aditjn annexed to that of Hifioria Gravis c^ Levis'^ and a few Inftances in his Sylva Sylvarum (r). In this Hiftory he /^^ ^^^ defigned to avoid Magical Fancies, which ^6, 97. raife the Mind, in the(e things, to an un- 461,4805 due height 5 and pretence of occultnefs of ^"''^ ' Quality, which layeth the Mind afleep, and preventeth further Inquiry into thefc ufeful fecrcts of Nature.
The Fifth Se&jon is^ the Hiftory ofSalf^ Sulphur^ and Mercury^ the three Principles of the common Chymifis 5 of which three,he thought the firft to be no primordial Body, but a Compound of the two others, knit together by an acid Spirit. The Aditus (f) (^{^ ^n to this is annexed to that of Hijtorra Sym- ^^<?A Adi- pathhz d^ Avt7pathj£ Rerum 5 but the Trea- /l-L^'^L- tile it (elf was ( I think ) never written. f<> Sngi^j'
the Traufi . of the Hi-
The Sixth SeUion is^ xh^ Hiftory of Life fiory of 3nd Death ^ written by his Lordiliip in ^^'""^''^ Latwe ^ and firft turned into EnghJI) by an injudicious Tranflator 5 and rendrcd much jjetter a fccond time, by an abler Pen, made d 4 • ^bler.
40 \An Account of all
abler ftill by the Advice and Alliftancc of Dr. Ravpley,
This Work, though ranked laft, amongft the Six Monthly Defignations , yet was fet forth in the fecond Place; His Lord- fhip { as he faith ) inverting the Order, in refpeft of the prime ufe of this Argu- ment, in which the leaft lols of time was, by him , efteemed very precious. The Subjeft of this Book ( which Sir Henry (tj Re~Wotton (t) calleth, none of the leaft of »w««/,p. his LordQiip's Works ) and the Argument (^u^Pan- of which, feme had before undertaken (u)^
%f.i7t'a ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ purpofe is the firft of 0^a. Lipr. thofe, which he put in his Catalogue of the 161 J. Magtjalia Nature. And doublefs, his Lord - •fhip undertook both a great and a moft defirable Work, of making Art fiort^ and Life eafie and long. " And it was his Lord- " (hip's wifh, that the nobler fort of Phy-» " ficians might not employ their times "wholly in the fordidnefs of Cures, nei- " ther be honoured for necefTity only , but "become Coadjutors and Inftruments of " the Divine Omnipotence and Clemence, '> in prolonging and renewing the Life of "Man; And in helping Chriflians who " pant after the Land of Promife, fo to " journey through this World s Wildernels, ••.'as to have their Shoes and Garments,
"(thefe
the Lord Bacon's Works. 41
" ( thefe of their frail Bodies ) little worn " and impair'd.
The Seventh and greateft Branch of the Third Part of the IfjjlanratJon^ is his Sylva Sylvarum, m- l^(atnral Hifiory 5 which con- taineth many Materials for the building of Philofophy, as the Organum doth T>ireUv- ovs for the M^orki It is an Hiftory not on- ly of Nature freely moving in her Courfe, (as in the produftion of Meteors, Plants, Minerals ) 5 but alfo of Nature in con- ftraint, and vexed and tortur'd by Hu- mane Art and Experiment. And it is not an Hiftory of (uch things orderly ranged 5 but thrown into an Heap. For his Lord- . (hip, that he might not dilcourage other Colledors, did not caft this Book into ex- ad: Method 5 for which reafbn it hath the lefs Ornament, but not much the left life.
In this Book are contain'd Experiments of Light, and Experiments of life ( as his Lordfhip was wont to diftinguifh J , and amongft them fome Extraordinary^ and o- thers Coramon, He undcrftood that what was Common in one Country, might be a Rarity in another : For which Reafoii, Dr. Caii^s^ when in Italy ^ thought it worth his pains to make a large and Elegant De- (cription ofOi^r way of 5ren? w^.His Lordlhi p alfo knew well, that an Experiment mani-
feft
4^ M Account of all
feft to the Vulgar^ was a good ground for the Wife to build further upon. And him- felf rendred Common ones^ extraordinary bv Admonitions^ for further Trials and Im- provements. Hence his Lordflriip took oc- hifi.ceZ'. calion to fay (w), that his writing of Sjl- i.p. 2j. va Sylvamm ^ was ("to fpeak properly) £>^pe>:93- ^ot a Natural Hifto'-y, but a high kind of Natural Magic : Beciuie it was not only a defcription of Nature, but a breaking of Nature into great and ftrange Works.
This Book was written by his Lordihip in the Ef^glifi Tongue, and tranflated by an obfcure Interpreter, into Frejich^ and out of that TranOation, into Latine^ by James Gritter^ in (iich ill manner, that they darkned his LordiliipsSencc, and debated his Expreilion. James Grttter was fenfible of his Mifcarriage , being kindly adver- tifed of it by Dr. Rav;Iey: And he left be- hind him divers amendments, publifhed by his Brother Jfaac Gruter^ in a (econd Edi- CO -'^^- tion (x). Yet iV.'J To many Errors have f»i6°f^' efcapcd, that the Work requireth a Third Hand.
Mounfieur lElius Deodatus had once en- gaged an able Pcrlbn in the tranOation of this Book 5 one who could have done his Lordftiip right, and obliged iiich Readers as underftood not the Engljfi Original. He ,
be«
the Lord Bacon's Works. 45
t)Cgan, and went through the Three firfi Centuries^ and then defifted 5 being defi- red by him who fet him on work, to take his hand quite off from that Pen, with which he moved (b flowly. His Tranfla- tion of the Third Cer^tury is now in my Hands, but that ofthetwofirft, I beheve is loft.
His Lordihip thus began that Third Cen- tury in EnghJJ}. " All Sounds ( whatlbe- " vcr ) move round , that is to fay, on all " fides 5 upwards , downwards , forwards, '^'and backwards. This appeareth in all ^^ Inftances.
*' Soitvds do not require to be convey- " ed to the fenfe in a right Line, as Vidbles " do, but may be arched. Though it be " true, they move ftrongeft in a right Line^ " which neverthelefs is not caufed by the " ri^ktmjs of the Line, but by the JJjort- ^^ fiefs of the Diftance , Lmea re^a brevif- ^\ftma. And therefore we fee, if a Wall '' be between, and you fpeak on the one " iide, you hear it on the other 5 which is " not becaufe the Sound paileth through '' the Wall , but archeth over the Wall.
Thefe words are thus turned, by James Griiter , in his laft Edition ^ and tollera- bly well : Efpecially it we compare with fome other places in his Tranflation.
Omnes
44 ^^ Accmnt of all
Omms foni^ qualescunqx, ^wt^ in cinulnm movenlMY 5 hoc e/?, in omnes partes^ farfam^ deorfum^ antrorjum^ retrorjiim:^ quod omms docent injianti£,
Soni non requirunt ut re&hlineaad fenjkm devehantur^ quemadmodum vijibilia^ fed po^ teft ejfe arcuata'^ quamiAs verum fit^ quod fortijjime per reUam lineam moveant : ^\eq^ tamen id line£ debetnr re&itudini^ fed mi' nori intervdlo'^ Linea enim reBa efi brevifi fima, HinCy Jf quis ab altera interje&i Pa- rietis parte vocem proferat , S altera queat exaudiri 5 non quod vox Parietem tranfenndo penetret , Jed qnod arcaata ultra parietem afcendat.
But the Tranflator, employed by Moim- Jieur Deodate^ turned them after this better manner.
Omnes in univerfim Soni in Orbem fcrun- tur : In omnem videlicet partem ^ furfiim^ de- orfum^ antrorfum^ €^ retrorfitm. Hoc in om- mbtts exemplis cernitur.
Soni non in re&a t ant Jim linea ad finfiim deferri necejje habent^ quemadmodum vifilia 5 fed c^ injiexa d^ arcuata devehi pojfunt: ^uanquam in re&a linea fartijjime movean- tnr, TJbi tamen non hoc imputundum Re&i- tudini Lin£ , fed brevitati Intervalli, Re- &a enim linea eadem brevijjlma eji. Itaq:, experimur^ nmro inter jeBo vocem^ ex adverja
parte
the Lord Bacon s Works. 4 5
parte mnri exaudiri^ qu£ ex alterk ejus parte prolata fuerit. Auditnr autem^ von quod per murum pemtret , fed qnod eum tranfcendat motuflexnofo.
The Judicious Reader may difeem by this little, how much this latter Tranflator exceird the former, in comprehending and expreffing his Lordihip's Sence. And yet I cannot Ciy, that throughout thole Three Centuries in which he hath laboured , he hath every where truly hit his Conceit. His Lordfhip had a very peculiar Vein with him 5 and I may refemble it to the fingu- rity in the Face of Cardan^ who tells us, in his own Life, that he let to Painters of di- vers Countries, yet could never have the Air of 7^ taken by them.
Whilft I am fpeaking of this Work of his Lordlhip's, of V^tural Hijiory^ there comes to my mind a very Memorable Re- lation, reported by him who bare a part in it, the Reverend Dr. 2?<?ir/ey. One day, his Lordfhip was didating to that Doftor, (bme of the Experiments in his Sylva. The lame day, he had (ent a Friend to Court, to receive for him a final Anfwer, touch- ing the efFed of a Grant which had been made him by King James, He had hither- to, only hope of it, and hope deferr'd 5 and he was defirous to know the event of
the
4<J Jn AcoUnt of all
the Matter, and to be free'd, one way of other, from the fufpence of his thoughts. His Friend returning , told him plainly, that he muft thenceforth, defpair of that Grant, how much foever his Fortunes need- ed it. Be it fo^ faid his Lordfhip , and then he difmiflbd his Friend very chearful- ly, with thankful acknowledgments of his Service. His Friend being gone, he came ftraightway to Dr. Rarvlej^ and (aid thus to him. Well Sir ! Ton Bufinejs vpont go en 5 kt us go on vpjth this^ for this is in our Fewer. And then he didtated to him a- fre(h, for fome Hours, without the leaft he- litancie of Speech, or difcernible interrup- tion of Thought.
To this Work of U^tnral Hiflory^ may be reduc'd his Lordfhip s Treaties, De Sono &' Andiin^ De Metallis C^ Mineralihus^ De Magnete^ De Verfionibus^ Tranfmutationibuf^ ftMnltijlicatiomhus , C^ Rjfe&ionibjts Corpo- rnm^ De Luce d^ Limine (y). All pub- p^^l^De I'fh'd by Dr. Rawley, in the Colleaion call'd luce & OpitfcuU VdTia T^ojihun/u Francifci Baconi. i^aifo^cx- ^^ "'^y likewife reduce to the fame place, rant a- the Paper De Flnxti d^ Reflnxu i^Maris^ Scrlptf ' publiOied by Ifaac Gruter , amongft the Phiiofo- Script a. (z,Jd and that other De Rations
48J. Cz).Scnptarhi!o{ophic»;;'. 178. &c.
the Lor^ Bacon's Works. 47
Invenkfidi can fas Fluxus d^l^JIt/xus Maris j (a) as alfo the Baconiana ^ , •. .. ^ . ,• Phjjtologica and Mcdica^ in toElgmi>l}^.G!j'*n^tl thefe Reff/aws. f"<J- '^^'•' »• p- 90.
T>L 1- r ^i_ S^^ " /wLatinerff toe end
There may be further ,/ ^e r^^. De Motu, 4». added, his Cogitationes^ De "^^^^ to the Hiftor. Ventor. Natura Rerum ^ De Se&i- ^' ^^' one Corporum 5 Continno d^ Vacuo 5 and the Fragment called FilMm Labyrmtki (IveLe- gitima Inquifitio de Motu : All publifh'd by the (ame Mr. Gntter^ in the (ame Book. Likewife the Treatifes, De Moth five Vir- tutis aCfw£ variis Speckbus^ & Hijioria Na- tnralis c^ Experimefitalis de Forma Calidi ; joyned to the Hijioria Ven-
torum (h), and infertedal- (b) m^^ re»t. p. 129, (b into the Orgamtm (c) 5 ^^i- jee Refufc. 2d rart, and by % G. made Englith. ^' ro ^oy>. organ. De m,.
For it was his Lordlhip's ^^- P- 3M- de Forma Calidi.
defign (^) not merely to ^- '^fj ^.„,. o,^^,_ ;„ ,^ exhibit an Hiicory 01 Bo- /^'''^ o/-. p. 13. dies, but moreover to pro- cure a diftinft and comparative one, of their Virtues, (iich as thofe of Denfity and Rarity , Confiftency and Fluidity 5 Gra- vity and Levity 5 Heat and Cold.
Such a CoUeftion of Natural Hi^ory^ was of ncceflity to be undertaken a-new. For the CoUeftions, which were before in Mens Hands, were but a fmall and inconfidera-
ble
4 8 j4n Account of all
ble heap, when the Chaff and Fable were fifted from them 5 though the more cohfi- derable for that Separation. And further, (e) De as his Lordftlip noteth (e), too many of t^inXX thefe Hiftories were at firft framed rather C3.p.i3$. for Delight, and Table-talk, than for Phi- lofophy. Stories were feigned for the fake of their Morals 5 and they were frequently taken upon groundlefi Truft 5 and the la- ter Writers borrowed out of the more An- cient, and were not Experimenters, but Tranlcribers : And fuch a one was Pliny himfelf, both in his larger and leffer Work 5 I mean that of Solinns^ who is but Plitjy contrafted.
There are who have accufed the Lord ^acon himfelf^ for taking Experiments too readily upon Ttuft, and without delibe- rate and dilcreet Choice. To fuch I will return Anfwer in his own words. " The: (p N4t. " Rejection (f) which I continually ufe, ^.p ?"^*"^^ Experiments (though it appeareth Exferz^.^^not) is infinite 5 but yet, if an Experi- " ment be. probable in the Work, and of "great ufe I receive it, but deliver it as " doubtful.
The Fourth Fart of the Infiauration de- figned, was Scala Intdle&us.
To this there is fbme fort of entrance in his Lordfhip's diflribution of the 'Novum
Organum,
the Lord Bacon's Works. 4^
Orgatjum^ and in a Page or two under that Title of Scala^ publiihed by Gruter (g) : C%J S*9 But the Work it felf pafled not beyond ^^'•'g; the Model of it in the Head of the Noble ^'^ ' ' Author.
• That which he intended, was a particular Explication , and Application of the Se-- cojid Part of the wjiaitration^ ('which gl-= veth general Rules for the Interpretation of Nature ) by gradual Inftances and Ex< ^mples.
He thought that his Rules, without fome more (enfible Explication, were like DiP courfes in Geometry, or Mechanics, with- out Figures, and Types of Engines. He therefore defigned to feled certain Sub- jeds in Nature, or Art 5 and as it were, to draw to the Senfe a certain Scheme of the beginning and progrefs of Philofbphica! Difquifition in them 5 fhewing by degrees^ where our condderation takes Root, and how it fpreadeth and advanceth. And (bme (iich thing is done by thoie who, from the CicatriatU , or from the T^im&um Sa- Ikm^ oblerve and regifter all the T^kienO" mcKa of the Animal unto its Death, and after it alfo in the Medical, or Culinarie, or other ufe of its Body 5 together with! illl the train of the Thoughts occailoned'
e by
5© Jn Account of all
by thofe T^k£mmena^ or by others in com- pare with them.
And becaufe he intended to exhibit flich Obfervations , as they gradually arife 3 therefore he gave to that Defigned Work, the Title of the Scale^ or Ladder of the TJn- derjlar2dh7g. He alfo exprelTed the fame (hjSt^ Conceit by another Metaphor {h)^ advi- p! 2T''' ^"§ Students to imitate Men, who by go- ing by degrees from fevcral Eminencies of (bme very high Mountain, do at length ar- rive at the Top, or Pike of it.
The Fifth Fart of the I^Jiaiirat70?7^dQ({gnd^ was, what he csM'd Prodromi Jive Antidpa- ( ) I ^^^"^^ Fhilofophi^e Seai»d<e. To this we find a Dt/irti. very brief Entrance, in the OrgamtmQ^ o^.p.17. ^xA the Scrjpta^ publifh'd by Gmter (4). rud fc'rtp. And though his Lordfhip is not known to r- 3^,5. . have compofed any part of this Work by ^rodr*/»/, ^^ ^^j^^ ^^^ fbmething of it is to be Colled-
ed from the Axioms, and greater Obferva- tions interfperftd in his Natural Hifrories, which are not pure but mixed Writings. The Anticipations he intended to pay down as Uie, till he might furnifh the W^crld with the Principal, in
The Sixth and liji T^ art of his Ir/Jiauratio?/, defigned, which was, Thilojbphia Seamda five Scietitia ABiva. This General Philo- fophy, founded upon Senfible Nature, or
Arti-
the Lord Bacon^s IVorksl f #
Artificial Experiments , and built up by. degrees in Obfervations and Axioms , he at length defpaired of, and commended to Poftcrity. Time only can throughly finifh what his Lordlhip began, and fufficiently commend his Diligence and Sagacity, who colle^fled fb many Materials, and difpos'd them into fuch Orders and made in fa Ihort a Time, and ( for the moft part ) m the midft of Civil Bufinels, fuch mighty Preparations towards the building of the Hottje of Wifdom.
After having mientioned the (everal Parts of this great Work, which concern- eth, efpecially. Body Natural , we proceed to enumerate others of his Lordfhips Writings, which concern CruU^ or Religi- ous ALitters. And though moft of thern are of a mixed nature, and Hiftory is fel- dom written without fome Political Re- ^
fledions ^ yet to thofe who are not over Nice, the divifion of them into Hiftorica! and Political, may be paflable. His Hiftoricai Works are thefe : The Firft, Is the Hiftory of Heriry the. Seventh ( /;) , written Elegantly , by his CO ^^^^ Lordftiip in the E^gl7fi Tongue, and Ad» ^i^^, drcfled to his Highnefs the Prince of Wales ^ and turned afterwards into Latitie. An Hiftory which required (uch a Reporter : e 2
5 i \An Account of all
thofe Times being Times both of great Re- volution, and Settlement, through the Di- vifion and Union of the Rofes.
This was the Firft Book which he Com- thTcaTof P^^'^ ^^^^^ ^^^ Retirement from an Adive hti Works Life (^). Upon which occalion he wrote iTJh^!' ^^"^ *o ^^^ ^i^^P ^^ Wmchefier (n). Being
Life, by (as 1 am) no more able to do my Country ■ "^(nWn ^^^^^^^5 ^^ remaineth unto me, to do it zpfl. lef. Honour; Which I have endeavoured to
'in\d^ do in my Work, of the Reign of King . war^ i^f^ry the Seventh.
The Secofid is, the Fragment of the Hi- ftory ofHemy the Eighth^ printed at the end of his Lordihip's Mifcellany Works , of which the beft Edition is that in Quarto, in the Year 1629. This Work he under- took, upon the Motion of Ring Charles the Firft, but ( a Greater King not lend- ing him time J he only began it, for that which we have of it, was ( it feems ) but (o) See one Mornings Work. {Vk! the ^^-^ Third k^ a Memorial, intituled the Lemr to Felicities of ^een Elizabeth (0), This iifen%l^n ^^^^ written by his Lordfhip,* in Latifje (/>) iY) 'p^'bt. ox\\\. A Peiibn of more good Will, than o;:,!;!" Ability, tranllatecl it into EvgUfi (q\ y. 177. and calld it, in the lingular. Her Felicity,
i^u^r* ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^'^ ^^^^ ^ Verfion, much more i6\ ' Accurate and Judicious, performed by
Dodor
the Lord Bacon s Works. 5 j
Do^or Rawky (rj, who was pleafed to .('■)^«^^* take that Labour upon him, becaufe he un-^'^igij&c.' derftood the value his Lordfhip put upon this Work 5 for it was (uch, that I find this Charge given concerning it, in his laft Will andTcjiament . "In particular, I wiQithe "Elogie which I VvTit, in Felkem Memo- " riam Elizaheth^^ may be publiOied.
For the Occafion of it, his Lordlhip tel- leth it thus, in a Letter to Sir George Carey (f)^ then in Frar;ce , to whom he lent fu^ .^V it.- — " Becaufe one muft begin,! thought to '' provoke your remembrance of me by "a Letter: And thiukingr to fit it with "fomewhat betides Salutations, it came "to rny mind, that this laft Summer- " Vacation, by occafion of a factious Book " that endeavour'd to -verifie Mifera F^mi- ";7^, fthe Addition of the Pope's Bull J " upon Queen Elizabeth 5 I did write a few ^' Lines in her Memorial, which I thought '' you Vv'ould be pleafed to reade, both for '' the Argument , and becaufe you were ^^ wont to bear afFeftion to my Pen. Ve- 5' r//w Jit alhtd^ ex alio : If it came handfbme- ^' ly to pafs, I would be glad the Prefident " de ^ Thou ( who hath written an Hiftory, * tHuji- " as vou know, of that Fame ar.d Dili- ^^^ " gence ) (aw it; Chiefly, becaufe I know ^ OQt whether it may not fei:ye hini for e 3 '.'fome
54 An Account of all '
" (bme u{e in his Story : Wherein I would "be glad he did right to the Truth, and '*^ to the Memory of that Lady ^ as I per- "ceive by that he hath already written, " he is well inclined to do.
The Fourth k. the Beginnmg of the Hifio-
ry of Great Brit am. This was an Eflay,
(ent to King James^ whofe Times it confi-
dered. A Work worthy his Pen, had he
proceeded in it ^ feeing
(t) 5r5 coUeit.cf Letters ( as hc CO f^ith) hc (hould
?;i Refufc. p. qo. Lftter to > ^-^^ r T--
.j-0«^ James: ;#w p. 28, .9, have written of Times, not 50. the Letter to the Lord only fincc hc could rcmem-
^hancellor'Eo^Vlon-, concern' 1 1 ^ i-„ 1 IJ U
^ng thk SHh^cf, ber, but hnce he could ob-
ferve , and by way of In- trodudion, of Times, fas he further no- teth ) of ftrange Variety ^ the Reign of a Child ^ the offer of an Ufurpation by the Lady Jane^ though it were but as a Diary Ague 5 the Reign of a Lady rnarried to a Forreigner, and the Reign of a Lady foli- tary and unmarried.
His Lordfhip, who had given (uch proof of his Skill in writing an Hidory of Erjg- laf;d^ leaving the World, to the unfpeak- able lofs of the learned part of it 5 his late Majefty, a great favourer of that Work, and wife in the choice of fit Workmen _, encourag'd Sir He^^ry Wotton to endeavour it, by his Royal Invitation, and a Penfion ' • of
the Lord Bacon's Works. 5 5
of 500 /. per annum. This Propofal was made to that Excellent Man, in his decli- ning Years 3 and he died after the fini(hing fome fhort Charafters of fome few Kings ^ which Characters are publifh'd in his jRe- mains (uj. But this new Undertaking di- (u)^«- verted him from a Work, in which he had f7»,f.ioQ. made Ibme confiderable Progrefs, the Life of Luther^ and in it , the Hiftory of the Reformation, as it was begun and carried on in Germany : Of which Work, the Pa- pers ( they fay ) are loft, and in a Current o^ Time of no great depth, funk beyond all poflible Recovery.
The Fifth is^ the Imago Civilis Jnlii C<^- firfs.
The Sfxtj Imago Civilis Angnjli C<efaris, Both of them (w) fhort perfbnal Chara- C^) a- ders, and nof Hiftories of their Empire : opufcuu And written by hisLordihip in thatTongue, p- 19s. which in tHeir Times, was at its height, and became the Language of the World. A while fince, they were tranflated into EngliJIj^ and inferted into the Firft Part of ^05^^ the Refifcitation (x). Refufc.
Edw. jd.
In the Seventh Place ^ I may reckon his {y)%te Book De SapieMia Veterum^ written by him ^^ ^^^''^ in Latine (^y )^ andfet forth a lecond time Matthews with Enlargement 3 and tranflated into ^« Refufc €4 Bngljjl) ^: \^'
5 6 jfn Account of aU
^rlJati ^^S^^fi ^y ^^^ .^ihtir Gorges (z) : A Book 'en ^ Late- in which the Sagcs of former Times, are ij added rendred more Wife than it may be they •faysy /» were, by fb dextrous an Interpreter of p^^vo. their Fables. It is this Book which Mr. \ Safidys means, in thofe words which he ' hath put before his Notes, on the Meta- ^Ff^. i8. morphop of Ovid '^ " Of Modern Wri- \ '' ters, I have received the greateft Light ] ,^' from Geraldus , T^orjtanus , Ficmus , Ki- '^ ves , Comes , Scal/ger , Sabim/s , T^ierms^ f and the Crown of the latter, the Vicount '.^ of Saint Al.bafis.
It is true, the defign of this Book was,. Inftrudlion in Natural and Civil Matters, either couched by the Ancients under thofe Fidions, or rather made to (eem to be (b, by his Lordfhip's Wit, in the opening and applying of them. But becauie the firfl: ■ground of it is Poetical Story, therefore let it have this place, till a fitter be found for it.
For his Lordfhip's T^olitical Writmgs^
they are (uch as relate, either to Ecclefi-
aftical, or Civil Polity. His Writings
which relate to Eccleflalliral ^PoUty^ ( for
hi Epilii ^^ ^^^s ^^^^ willing (a) that all his Labours
ito Etfhnp (hould go into the City, and none into the
4ndre^^-s. c|^^j.^j^ >, ^^.^ ^^^ three following.
The
the Lord Bacon s Works. 57
The F/r/? is a Difcourfe (A), bearing the (b)^« Title of Certain ConpAerations , touching j^.^ " % ^' the better Pacification and Edification of^'^p'*^^'- the Church of England ^ and dedicated to ^I'fholt King James. The Second (c) is, an Adver- hu Lord- tifenmit^ touching the Controverfics of the -^{^J:^ Church of England. The Third is, a Dia- o^arfo^ logne touching an Boly War : All written ^^Jw„ at firfl: in Englrfi^ by his Lordfhip. The Refufc Firfi of thefe toucheth the Settlement of P* ^^'" Doftrine ; The Second^ the Settlement of Difcipline amongfl the Chrijiians in Eng- land: The Thirds of Propagation of the Faith amongft UnheUevers. In all which it is plain, that his Lordfhip dealt in the Affairs of the Church, as he was wont to do in Civil Matters, Snavibus Modis^ and in the Mean. Accordingly he was wont to compare himfelf to the Miller o^Gran- chejler^ a Village by Cambridg. OF him his Lordfhip telleth, that he was wont to N
pray for Peace among the Willows: For whilft the Winds blew , the Wind-mills wrought, and his Water-mill was lefs Cu- ftom'd (dy His Lordfhip was for pacify- (d) s,« ing Difputes , knowing that Contronerfies ^«f'^>' t'> of Religion^ would hinder the Advancement t^ewf ^^^' of Sciences. Refuf
His Writings which relate to Civil Polity^ ^* ^^' are very confiderable 3 and yet they fall
much
c.
5 8 '^n Account of all
much fhort of that which he had (bme- times in defign. For he aimed at the com- plete Model of a Commonwealth,though he hath left only fbme preparations towards it in his Do&rine of Rnlargivg the houtids of Empire ; and in a few Aphorifms con- {c)^» ccrning 'Umverfil Jttjiice (e). He alfp detent, made a Propoial to King James, of a Di- ^* ^fi/s I'o S^^ ^^ ^^^ Laws of Ej7glafid. But other p! ^9o*&Co Studies, together with want of Time and Affifta nee, prevented the ripening of thefe Thoughts.
Now his Lordfhip's Writings in this Ar- gument of Civil Polity, are either more General, or fuch as have more Ejpedal re- Ipect to the feveral Dominions of the King of E^pguwd. His Political Writings of a move ge?!cral Nature, are his Apothegms, and Ejffays, btCidcsthe Excerpta, out of the ^<^- va77 cement above remembred. Both thele. contain much of that Matter which we ulually call Moral, diftinguilhing it from that which is Civil : In the handling of which fort of Argument, his Lordfhip has been efteemed fo far to excel, that he hath had a Comment written on him as on an ^f >j Se,f Author in Ethics (/), and an Advancer of V. piaccii that mod: uieful part of Learning. Not-
Comment. o
in 1. 7, Aitg. Scfent, de Phdcjophia Moral$ af*gincU. in Odavd. Fianc.w/2. 1(^77. ■■,■■'-
with"
the Lord Bacon's Worksl 5 9
3vithftanding which, I am bold to put thefe Books under this Head of Matter Political: Both becauie they contain a greater por- tion of that Matter ^ and becauie in true Philofophy, the Dodrine of Politics and \ Ethics^ maketh up but one Body, and fpringeth from one Root, the End of God Almighty in the Government of the World.
The Apothegms (of which the firfl (^ ) 3^,;^ is the beft Edition ) were (what he faith ''^/«o^. alTo (h) ofhisEfliysJ but 2is the Recrea- ^l^^^'fj- tiom of his other Studies, They were die- ^*f Ef,ftie tatedone Morning, out of his Memory 5 AnfrS^T and if they (eem to any, a Birth too incon- siderable for the Brain of fb great a Man ^ they may think with themfelves how little a time he rve^t with it^ and from thence make (bme allowance. Befides, his Lord- fhip hath receiv'd much Injury by late Edi- ^^ Eve» tions (7), of which fome have much en- h ^^^^ larged, but not at all enriched the Col- ttflj^Dr. leftion 5 ftuffing it vv^ith Tales and Sayings, Rawieyj' too infacetious for a Ploughman's Chimney- Zkit^^o Corner. And particularly, in theCollefti- Edw. 3d/ on not long fince pubhfh'd f^), and call'd J^^^ ^" The ^Apot'hegms of Kittg James , King Lon. 1669, Charles, the Marque ft of Worcefter, the Lord Bacon , ajid Sir Thomas Moor 5 his Lordfhip is dealt with very rudely. For,
befides
6o \An Accmit of all
befides the addition of Infipid Tales, there
are (bme put in which are Beaftly and Im-
0) Ex. moral (I) : Such as were fitter to have been
gr. Apo- joyned to ^retine^ or Aloyfia.^ than to have
j8^ ^ ^' polluted the chafte Labours of the Baron of
Verulam,
To thofe .Apothegms^ rnay be referred thefe now publifh'd. The Ejjays^ or Coim- fels Civil and Moral^ though a By-work al- {b, do yet make up a Book of greater weight by far, than the apothegms : And coming home to Mens Biill^efs and Bofimes, his Lordlhip entertained this perluafion con- £^/}De4 cerning them (m), that the Latine Vokme to the D. might laU as long as Books JJmtld la[i. His e/Bucks. Lordfhip wrote them in the Fz/^/t/Z; Tongue, and enlarged them as Occafion (erv'd, and ^' at laft added to them the Colours of Good and Evil^ which ?re likewife found in his (») Lib. Book De ^i/gmentfs ( n ). The Latine 6.^c. 3. p. Xranflation of them was a Work perform- ed by divers Hands ^ by thoie of Dodor Hacket Clate Bifhop of Lichfield) Mr. Benjamin Johnfon (the learned and judi- cious Poet) and fome others, whofe Names I once heard from Dr. Rawlej 3 but I can- not now recal them. To this Latine Edi- tion, he gave the Title of Sermones Fi- deles^ after the manner of the Jews^ who pali'd the words ^dagies^ 01 Qbiervations
of
453
the Lord Bacon's Works. 6 1
oftheTFT/e, Faithful Saywgs -^ that is, cre- dible Propofitious worthy of firm Affent, and ready Acceptance. And (as I think) he alluded more particularly, in this Title, to a paflage in Ecclefiafles ^, where the i^f/J^jj, Preacher faith that he fought to find out Verba Dele&abiliaj ( as Tremellius rendreth the Hebrevp ) pleafant Words ^ (that is, per- haps, his Book of Canticles ) 5 and Verba Fidelia (as the famQ Tremellius^ Faithful Sayings 5 meaning, it may be, his CoUedi- on of Proverbs. In the next Verfe, he calls them Words of the Wife ^ and fo many Goads and Nails given ^b eodem Pajiore^ from the lame Shepherd Qof the Flock of Jfiael.-]
In a late Latine Edition of thefe EfTays, there are fubjoyned two Difcourfes, the one caird De Negotiis^ the other Faber FortHf7£. But neither of thefe are Works newly publifh'd, but Treatifes taken out of the Book De^ugr.mitis (0). (o) ^-^b-
To this Book of Effays may be annexed, jSj," &c/' that Fragment of an E/fiy of Fame^ which is extant already in the T^efufcitatio (py (?) rie- His Lordihip's T^ohtical Writings of a '^ '^'^'^ ^' more jpecial Nature, as relating to the Po- lity, and various Afiairs of the leveral Dominions of the King of England, are very many, though moft of them (hort.
As
6z Ah Accouyit of all
As Firfl^ a Difcoufe of the Union of
Cs) .^» Ef2gla?jd and Scotlat7d Qf), p ^^^\ Secondly , Articles and Confiderations, (r) Page touching thcUnion afore(aid (r). *°^* Thirdly^ Confiderations touching the
15$. ^^ Plantation in Irelafid (/).
Fourthiy ^ Confiderations touching the oPcoi]^' Qy^cn's Service in Irdattd (t), ofLetterr. Fifthly^ Confiderations touching a War i"lf "*' ^^^^ »5)?^^« («) , then the Over-match in ^f>f .works this part of the World 5 though now in' IK Uu.trto, meaner Condition.
^repnn- Sixthly^ His (kveral speeches '•, by v^hich ted /n zd. I mean not only thofe which go under that Refufc. Name, but likewife his feveral Charges 5 they being much of the fame Nature, though delivered ex Oficio^ which the o- ther were not always. Thefe Speeches and Charges, are generally Methodically, Manly , Elegant , Pertinent , and full of Wife Obfervations 5 as thole are wont to be which are made by Men of ^Parts af?d Btif.nefs, And I (hall not pafs too great a, Complement upon his Lordfhip, if I (hair fay, That 'twas well for Cicero^ and the honour of his Orations , that the Lord ''Bdcon composed his in another Language.
Now his Speeches and Charges are very raanv, and I fet tliem down in the fbllow- incc Catalogue.
the Lor J Bacon's Works. 6}
His Speeches in Parliament to the Lower Houfe, are Eight.
TheF/r/?, 39 Elizabeth^ upon the Mo- tion of Subfidy (n>). (w) Re-
The Second^ 5 Jacohi ^ concerning theo/D.*R.^s Article of General Naturalization of the Edition, j Scotiih Nation (x). (OP.io.
The Third J concerning the Union of Laws (;/). (y)P.24.
The Fourth^ 5 Jacohi^ being a Report in the Houfe of Commons^ of the Earls of Salisburji , and V^rthampton , concerning the Grievances of the Merchants, occafi- oned by the Praftice of Spain (z). .. p ,
The Fifths 7 Jacobi ^ perfiiading the Houfe of Commons, to defifl: fi:om further Queftion of receiving the King's MefTages by their Speaker, and from the Body of the Council , as well as from the King's Perfon (/). (a)P.4^
The Sixths 7 Jacob?, in the end of the SefHon of Parliament, perfuading fbme Supply to be given to his Majefty, which (eemed then to ftand upon doubtful Terms 3 and pafTed upon this Speech (/>). ^^^ p
The Eighth^ 1 2 Jacobi^ when the Houfe was in great Heat, and much troubled a- bout the Undertakers, who were thought , H\
to be fome able and forward Gentlemen, who were faid to have undertaken that the
King's
^4 jin Account of all
King's Bufinefs fhould pafi in that Houfe^ (c)P.48. as his Majefty could wilh (S).
His Speeches in the Houfe of Lords ^ are Two.
The Firs^^ To the Lords^ at a Confe- rence in the Parhament, 7 Jacobi^ by hrm then SoHcitor 5 moving them to joyn with the Commons, to obtain liberty to treat of a Compofition with his Majefty, for (d)P.42- JYards and Temtres (d).
The Seco^fd^ ( when he 'was Chancellor ) to Mr. Serjeant Richardfof?^ cholen then Speaker of the Houfe of Commons^ be- being a Reply to his Excule aud Grati-
His Speeches to King Jamcs^ were alfo Two.
The FirUj A Speech by him, chofen by the Commons, to prelent a Petition touch- ing T^urve^ors^ deliver'd to his Majefty at White-Hall ^ in the fecond Year of his
(f)P-5-ReignC/).
The Seco^d^a. Speech u{ed to the King,by him^then Solicitor, and chofen by the Com- mons for the prefenting of the Ir7^irumef7t of their Grievances , in the Parliament 7
Cg)P.4i. ?^^^^^' C^)-
His Speeches in the Chancery^ are Two likewife.
The
the Lord Bacon 's Works. 6 5
The Ffrfi^ At the taking of his Place in Chancery, when made Lord-Keeper (^J. (h)P79
The Secof7d^ To Sir William Jones^ up- on his calling to be Lord Chief Juftice of Ireland^ Anno l6lj. (J). (1)^.89.
In the Star-Chaffihe)\ he ufed a Speech to the Judges and others, before the Summer Circuits, being then Lord-Keeper, and al- (b Lord-Prote&cr 5 for his Majefty was at t\\2it time in Scotland, A?wo 16 J J. (!(). (k^P.S;.
In the Common-Pleas^ he u(ed a Speech to Juftice Button^ when he was called to be one of the Judges in the Common-Pkas,
(/). • (1)P.93.
In the Exchequer-Chamber^ he ufed a Speech to Sir John Denkam^ when he was caird to be one of the Barons of the Ex- chequer (ni\ (mJP.pi.
There alio he u(ed an Argument ( being Solicitor General ) in the Cafe of the Poft- nati of Scotland (n), before the Lord- C^)/''f'- Chancellor, and all the Judges of England^{;^^^['l^^[_ (<?). The Queftion in this Cafe was, Whe- (oi see ,t thcr a Child born in Scotland fince King ;;^,|""''- James's coming to the Crown of England, p. 37. was Naturaliz'd in EngLmd or no? His Lordlhip argued for the Affirmative.
For his Charges, they were thefe follow- ing.
66 An Account of all
Firfi^ His Charge at the Sejfiotjs^ holden for the Verge in the Reign of King J awes, declaring the Latitude and Jurildidion (■p)F»^. thereof f;>).
766t^an'd ^J the Verge^ is meant a Plat of twelve reprmtcd Milcs lound, laid to the King s fettled Man- TJi'of' ^on-Houfe, fubjcd to fpecial exempted Ju- Refufc. rifdidion, depending upon his Perfon and great Officers. This his Lordfliip called, an Half pace, or Carpet fpread about the Kings Chair of Eftate, and he judged that it ought to be cleared and void, more than other places of the Kingdom, that Offen- ces might not feem to be (hrowded under the King's Wings.
Secondly^ His Charg.e in the Star-Cham- Rduic.' t)er againft Duels (^) ^ to which may be zA.fitrt. added the Decree of the Star-Chamber in ^(l)i>* the fame Cafe (r).
part I. of Tl'ird!)'^ His Charge in the Star-Chamber ^'^^^'' againfl WiUiam Talbot, touching the Do- ftrine o^ Stiarez, concerning theDepofing (f^Ref. and Kilhng of Excommunicated Kings (/). yart- FoiirtLlj, His Charge in the fame Court
againfl Mr. J, S. for Scandalizing and Tra- ducing in the Public Seffions, Letters fent from the Lords of die Council, touching 0) P.60. *^^ Bcf7evoh/ce (/•).
Fifthly^ His Charge in the fame Court againft .^f. L. S. W. and H, J. for Tradu-
cing
I
the Lord Bacon's Works. 67
:ing the King s Juftice in the proceedings againft Weflo^/, one of the Inftruments in the empoyfoning of Sir Thomas Ovcrbu-
Sixthly^ His Charge in the Kif?gS'Bmch againft: Owen^ for aSirming conditionally, That if the King were Excommunicated, it were lawful to kill him (vo). ^ (nv)p,(5S.
Seventhly^ His Charge m the Kings-Bench igainft the Lord Sanqucre (xj, a Scotifh No- (x) /» bleman, who in private Revenge, had fub- ^^^^^fj/^ orned T^hert Carlile to murther John Tur- p. ij. ner^ a. Mafter of Fence.
Eighthly, His Charge before the Lord High Steward, Lord Elefmere, and the Peers, againft the Countefs and Earl of Somerfet (y). (y) ^,^
His Lordftiip s Seventh Writing, touching firji fubu Civil Policy in Special, is his T(eading on the "J/J^^'J^^j.
Statute of 'ZJ/eJ" (2S). thefeKc-
The Eighth is calVd, Obfervations upon a ""Z!."'^^ Libel, publifti'd^/w^ 1592, in Defamation ^^^i.Lcni of the Qjjeens Government {a). In thefe ^pj-- Obfervations, his Lordftiip hath briefly fet f^f^ p'^" forth the prefent State of thole Times 5 in* but he hath done the fame thing more at large in his Memorial of Queen Elizabeth.
The Ni7iih is, A true Report of the Trea- fan of Dr. Roderigo Lopez, (a Spaniard, and
Phyfician attending upon the Perfbn of f 2 th^
68 jfn Account of all
the Queen )^ who was in Confederacy with certain Spanifti Agents, and hired by the King of Spaw , to poyfbn her Maje-
CbJ Pag. fty {I,).
^^'' The Teftth is, His Apologk touching the
Earl of Ejjex^ in which he cleareth himfelf of Ingratitude by the plain reafons of the Cafe, and doth not ( as many others have done ) increafe the (ufpicion by the very
(c) TuhK ExCUfe (c),
in 4» Lon. Ti^e Eleventh is, Advice to King James ^^^^''IJw. touching Mr. Sutton's Eftatc, in the fettling
tnlt,'^
16$%. ^»d of which , in the Hofpital of the Char- V/'thTzi treaux^ the Event (heweth that his Lord- part of (hip was miftaken, when he called it A ^i^j\t. ^^f^^fi<^^ withojit Salt (d). He propoled akf i6s- four other Ends of that great heap of Alms to the King s Majefty. As firft. The Ere- ftion of a College for Controverfies, for the encountring and refuting of T^aprfts, Secondly, The Ereftion of a Receipt { for the word Seminary he refus'd to make u(e of) for Converts from the perfuafions of T(ome^ to the Reformed Religion. Third- V ly, A (ettlement of Stipends for Itinerary i Preachers, in Places which needed them 5 i as in Lancaflure where (uch care had been I taken by Queen Eliv^aheth. And laftly, \ \ An increafe of Salary to the Profeflbrs in either Univerfity of this Land. Where- fore
the Lord Bacon's Works. . 6^
fore his Lordihip manifefting himlel^ not againft the Charity, but the manner of dif- pofing it , it was not well done of thofe who have publickly defam'd him, by de- claring their jealoulies of Bribery by the Heir.
The Twelfth is, A Propofition to King James, tonching the Compiiwg and Awe fid- ^y
ment of the Laws tf/ England, written by him when he was Attourney General, and one of the Privy-Council (e\ CO Pag. .
The Thirteenth is , An Offer to King '7^- )
James, of a Digejl to be made of the Laws o£ England (f). J)/«
The Fourteenth IS, The Elements of the /^^j^^'^;^ Common Laws of England, in a double v-^v-^ , TraU : The one of the Rules and Maxims "^^^f of the Common Law, with their Latitude and Extent. The other, of the Vfe of the Common Law, for the prefervation of ^^ our Perfons, Goods, and good Names {g\ ^o.^^^^, Theie he Dedicated to her Majefty, whole 1639. the Laws were, whilft tlie Colledion was his.
The Fifteenth is, a Draught of an Adt againft an ufitrious Jliift of Gain (h\ in de- R^efufc!" liver ing Commodities in ftead of Money, pan 2. p.
Touching thefe latter Pieces, which may ^*' be termed Writings in Juridical Polity, and which he wrote as a debtor to his ProfeP f 3 fion \
yo An Account of ciU
fipn ^ it is beyond my Skill, as well as out of the way of my Studies, to pa(s a fpe- cial Judgment on them. Onely I may note it in the general, that if he reached not fb far in the Common Law, as Sir Edward Cook^^ and fbme other Ornaments of the long Robe : the prepofleflion of his Mind by Philofophical Notions, and his regard to Matters of £/?4/c, r;ither than to thofe of Law^ may be affigned as the true Caufes of it : For doubtlefs Parts were not want- C i) CoiL *"S- ^n this Subjeft it is, that he thus tf uttcrt writeth to Sir Thomas Bodky (J). " I think " Refufc. " no Man may more truly (ay with the r-Z^* a pfaii^^ nmhitm jncolafint Amma mea^ than" "my felf For I do confefs, fince I was " of any Underftanding , my Mind hath, " in effed, been abfent from that I have " done : And, in abfence are many Errors, ^^ which I do willingly acknowledg , and " amongft the reft this great one that led " the reft 5 That knowing my felf, by in- *' ward Calling, to be fitter to hold a Book " than to play a Part, I have led my Life " in civil Cauics, for which I was not very "fit by Nature, and more unfit by the pre- '' occupation of my Mind.
To a like purpofe is thk^ in aManuicript Letter to the Lord Chancellor Egcrto?/^ which I have fbmetimes pcrus'd.
T
f the Lord Bacon's Works, 71
; — — •" I am not (k_) Co deceived in my (^) ^^ s. "(elf, but that I know very well, (and 1 1! Bacons. " think, your Lordfliip is major Corde^ and " in your Wildom you note it more deep- " ly than I can in my lelfj) that in Praftifing
' the Law, I play not my beft Game, which "maketh me accept it with a ?//// qnid ^ptius'^ as the beft of my Fortune, and a " thing better agreeable to better Gifts than "mine, but not to mine.
And it appeareth, by what he hath (aid in' a Letter to the Earl of Ejjcx Q\ that c^j an. he once thought not to prafti(e in his Pro- '" ^^'^"f^. feflion. "I am purpofcd ((aid he J not^**'**
to follow the prafticeof the Law. — And " my Reafon is only, becau(e it drinketh ' too much Time, which I have dedicated " to better purpofes.
To this Head of Pt?////, relating to the Affairs of theie Kingdoms, we may reduce moft of his Lordj7.i7p's Letters ^ publifhed corredly in the Rejhfdtutio^ and in the(e Remains^ and from uncorred Copies, in the Cabala. The(e they though often contain private Matters, yet commonly they have Matters of Eftate intermingled with them. Thus, his Letter to the Lord-Treafurer Burghley C;;/J, was writ in Excuie of his (m)P. i. Speech in Parliament, againft the Triple Sub(idy. So, manv of the Letters to the f 4 Earl
7^ \Aii Account of dU
^C'j)Pa.'-Earl o^Ejfex (k), and Sir George Villkrs {o)?'.y6. (oX relate plainly to the Irifi Affairs. So, Cp)i'-48, (bme Letters to King Janies^ relate to thie (i)P-5r. ^^^^ <^^ Peacham (p^ Oiven (q\ and o- COP.5 8.thers Crj 5 to the Matter of his Revenue
(6^-f7- ^-^-^ ^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^ Company f/J, who un-
(t.) P. 59, dertook to Dye and Drefs all the Cloaths
^ ^ ' '°' of the Realm, to the Frsmunire in the Rings-
(u) V.66. Bench, againft the Chancery («). Moft of
the reft are a Mifcellany, and not reducible
to one certain Head.
Lajl of all^ For his LordQiips Writings upon Pious Suhje&s^ though for the Nature of the Argument, they deferve the firfl: place ^ yet they being but few, and there appearing nothing fo extraordinary in the: compofure of them, as is found in his Lord- (hipsotherL^/'(?«r/5 they have not obtain'd an earlier mention. They are only thefe : Wis Co^fiJJioK of Faith, written by him-
(wyubL ^^^^ ^" ^^S'if^^^ ^^<^ turn'd into LatiKC by tn Engl. 4t Dr. Rawley (iv).
r^Retf The ^ejhcm about an Holy War, and
rf«^,'nJa-tbe Prayers^ in thefe Rcmaivs. And a
o^,7-^^ Tr^^/4/7tf;^ of certain of DazU's Pfalms^
^2e7"'''i^lto Englifh Verfe. With this laft Pious
Exercife he diverted himfelf in the time
of his Sicknefs, in the Year Twenty Five.
When he fent it abroad into the World,
he
the Lord Bacon's Works. 7 }
{x\ he made a Dedication of it to his ^''^T'^'*' good Friend, Mr. George Herbert : For he Lond. An. judged the Argument to be futable to him 'J^^*^'^"^ in his double Quahty, of a Divwe^ and a uteiy betn Poet. His Lordfhip had very great judg- P'f^ '"'° ment in Poetry, as appeareth by his Dif- J/^ReMc. courfe (}) about it 5 and he had fbme fort (y) ^" of Talent that way aKb. Hence, when ^l^^[ the Queen had a purpole to Dine at his -^f"^"^- Lodging at Twickpam Park, he prepared ^' ^^' a Sonnet (s), tending to the Reconcile- (z) See ment of her Majefty to the Earl of Ejjex ^lf^j^l,f then* in Disfavour. But it was very (el- tirex.p.75. dom that he courted thefe Mufes, and therefore his Vein does not appear fb Ele- gant and Happy , as Exercife might have made it. The truth is, 'tis one of the hard- eft things in the World, to excel in Poetry 5 and to Attempt, and not to Excel, is to lofe both Tmie and Reputation: For in this Art, Mediocrity will not pa(s for Ver- tue. In this fqueamifh Age, ( as Monnfieur Rapine (aith, in his JudkiouiS Refie&ions ) Ver(es are Ridiculous^ if they be not yfd- mh-able. They are, it (eems, like (bme Mo- dern Difhes, which if they have not an hightafte, occafionDi(guft.
Now of thefe feveral Works of hisLord- fhip's already PubliOi'd ( of which a great
part
74 ^« Account of all
{^)see part (^a) was written in that ftoft ignobile
s.w^Dug- ^inquettnium^ of his recefs from Bufinefs )
dale,4riAtf there is not yet made any exad CoUeftion,
JL/Zrc- either in Latwe, or Englijh*^ though (bme
mains, attempts have been made in both thofe
Languages. The firft Lathe Colletiion was
let forth accurately, for (b much of it, by
Dr. Rawley^ under the Title of Opera Mo-
(b) Lon. ralia & Cjvilia [b). But it contained only
^^^11% ^he Hi/iorji of Henry the Sevettth-- the Ejfaks-^
Dr. Raw- the BooI{ of the Wifdom of the Ancients ^ thz
ley's Let j^JaloQue of an Holy War ; the ^^Cew Atlan-
Deodaw, tis , the Book^ dcAugmentis^ the tiijttry of
andhk Winds:, the Hijiory of Life and Death. The
' "j"'*''* (econd Latine Colle&ion was lately publilh'd
(c)Fran. (^n gf Prancfort on the ^eyn. It pretend-
Ad Moe- . . . J. . • 11 1 • T 1
n«»j,i<s65. eth, in the Title, to contain all his Lord- in\o\. fhip's Extant Works, whether Philofophi- cal, Moral, Political, or Hiftorical : Al- though, befides the Books in the foremen- tionVi Colleftion, it containeth only his LordJIjjfs Life ( without any mention of Dr. T^dwley^ who wrote it) , the Organonx, the Scripta , the Sylva Sylvamm 5 the Feli- cities of^een Elizabeth 5 the Images of Ju- lius, and Auguftus Csefar 5 and the Epijile to Fulgentius, without the Opufinla^ to which that Epiftle is annexed. In this Colledi- on,the t^^va Atlantis is ( as I noted a while ago) moit abfurdly called Novus ^tlas-^
and
the Lord Bacon's Works. 7 5
and the other Books are moft falfly Prin- ted. And yet the Stationer ( who, I fup- po(e by his performance, was both Corre- dor and Pubhfher ) does tell us of this Edition, that it was purged of all Faults. But his Colledion cannot be Co purged, unlefs the whole Volume be made one en- tire Blot. Pofterity ( I hope ) will do his Lordlliip Honour, and Benefit to them- (elves, in a larger and more accurate Col- ledion of his Works. Thele Latim ones, asalfothe Alifiellames^ and the two parts of phe T^Jkfdtatio^ ( which are the only attempt in Enghlh ) being far Qiort of per- fedtion.
Thus far I have travell'd in an Account, ('(uch as it is j of thofe Genuine Writings of the Lord Bacort^ which are already pub- lilh'd 5 and which, being ( like Medals of Gold ) both rich in their Matter^ and beaU" pfal in their Form^ have met with a very \ great, and well nigh, equal number of Pur- chalers and Admirers.
This general Acceptance of his Works, has exposed him to that ill and unjuft uiage which is common to Eminent Writers. For on fuch are fathered, (bmetimes Spurious Treatiles^ (bmetimes moft Corrupt Copies of good Originals 5 (bmetimes their Edxiys and firft Thoughts upon good Subjeds,
though
y6 \4n AccQUnt of all
though laid afide by them Unprofecuted and Uncorredted^ and fometimes the very Toys of their Youth, written by them in trivial or loofe Arguments, before they had arriv'd either at ripenels of Judgment, or (bbriety of Temper.
The verieft Straws ( like that of Father Garnet ) are (hewn to the World as admi- ral Reliques^ if the leaft ftroaks of the Image of a celebrated Author, does but feem to be upon them.
The Prefs hath been injurious in this kind, to the Memory of Biftiop A?2drews^ to whom it owed a deep and folemn Re- verence. It hath fent forth a Pamphlet upon an Idle Subjeft; under the venerable Name of that great Man, who ( like the Grafs in hot Countries, of which they are wont to (ay that it groweth Hayj was bom Grave and Sober: And ftill, further to aggravate the Injury, it hath given to that Idle Subjed, the idler Title of the Ex-ak-tatioft of Ale.
In fuch an unbecoming manner it hath (a) About deak,long ago (d)^ with the very Learned 1/58. "^ and Ingenious Author of the Vulgar Errors, It hath obtruded upon him , whilft alive, a dull and worthlefs Book ft'ollen, for the mod part out of the Phyfcs of Magirm^ by a very Ignorant Perfon : A Plagiary fo
Ignorant,
the Lord Bacon s Works. 77
ignorant and (b unskilful in his Rider, that not diftinguifhing betwixt Lavis and Lcvis^ in the (aid Magirus , he hath told us of the Liver, that one part of it is gibbous, and the other light. And yet he had the confidence to call this Scribble, Tke Cabi- net of Mature unlocked : An arrogant and fanciful Title, of which his true Humility would no more have (lifFer'd him to have been the Father, than his great Learning could have permitted him to have been the Author of the Book. For I can affure the Reader upon my knowledg, that as he is a Philofbpher very inward with Nature, ' fb he is one who never boafts of his Ac- quaintance with her.
Neither hath the Lord Bacon gone with- out his (hare in this Injuftice from the Pre(s. He hath been ill dealt with in the Letters printed in the Cabala, and Scrinia, under his Name : For Dr. Rawley profcfTed, that though they were not wholly Falfe, yet they were very corrupt and embafed Co- pies. This I believe the rather, having lately compared fbme Original Letters with the Copies in that Collection, and found them imperfeft. And to make a particular Inftance^ in comparing the Letter of Sir Walter T(aleigh to Sir Robert Car, of whom a Fame had gone that he had begg'd his
Eftate 5
78 Jn /iccount of all
Eftate 5 I found no fewer then forty Difl ferenccs, of which (bme were of moment.
Our Author hath been ftill worfe dealt with, in a Pamphlet in 0&az% concern- ing the Trial of the Earl and Countefs of Somerfit : And likewife in one in ^mo^ which beareth the Title o^Bacotis Remains^ though there cannot be fpied in it, fo much as the Rnwes of his beautiful Ge- nius.
His Lordihip, and other (uch memorable Writers, having formerly been fubjed to ftich Abufes 5 it is probable that many will, at firft, liifpeft the fiithfulnefs of this Col- kdion 3 and look upon that as adulterate Ware, which is of (uch a (udden here brought forth to them, out of the Dark.
But let them firft make trial, and then pa(s Sentence. And if they have fuffici- ent knowledg of the peculiar Air of this Author, they will not only believe that thefe T(emaU?s are his, but alio (et a value upon them as none of his moft ufelefs and Vi^aft Papers. They (ay, the Feather of
, a Phcemx is of price : And here fiich will
\ own, they have (bme little of the Body, as
; well as part of the Plumage.
' It is difficult to imitate (uch great Au- thors, in (b lively and exaft a form, as without fufpicion, to pais for them. They
vvhq
the LordB2LConsWorh' 79 ^
who are the moft artificial Counterfeits in this way, do not refemble them as the Son does the Father, but at beft, as the dead Pidure does the living Perfbn. And thofe who have true skill in the Works of the Lord Vemlam^ like great Mafters in Paint- ing, can tell by the DeJigK^ the Strerjgth^ the way of Colourings whether he was the Author of this or the other Piece, though his Name be not to it.
For the Reader, who has been Ie{s ver- (ed in his Books, he may underftand, that nothing is here offered to him as the La^ hour oS that Lord^ which was not written either by his own Hand, or in Copies tran- (crib'd by the moft faithful Pen of his Do- meftic Chaplaw^ Dr. William Ravpley : A Perfon whom his Lordfliip chiefly us'd in his Life-time, in Writing down, Tranfcri- bing, Digefting, and Publiihing his Com- pofures 5 and to whom, at his death, he expreffed his Favour, by bequeathing to him in Money, One Hundred Pounds, and in Books, the great Bibles of the King of Spain,
I refer him, who doubteth of mv Vera- city in this Matter, to my worthy Friend Mr. John Rawley^ (the Executor of the (aid Reverend Doftor) by whole care moft of thefe Papers have been preferved
for
8 o ^n Account of aU
for the public Good , and who can bear me witnefs, ("if occafion ferveth) that I have not herein impos'd upon the World.
It is true, that Dr. Ravpley^ in his Pre- face to the Opufada of his Lordfhip, hath forbidden us to expeft any more of his ^^mnams in hatine^ or Erjglipo : He addeth in exprefs Terms, that nothing further re* mained in his Hands. He meant, when he (aid this, that (uch Writings of his Lord- fhip, were to be efteemed as not in being, which were not worthy fo appear. This meaning of his, he more plainly delivered in his Preface to the Colledion, caUed T^e- jufcitatio.
There he faith, " That he had left no-
" thing to a future hand, which he found to
"be of moment,or communicable to the pub-
"lic, fave only (bme few Lathe Works
" (bon after to be publifti'd. He deliver'd
himfelf from the Obligation of that Promife
in the Year fifty eighty publiftiing then,with
(e)o;«/. all due care, thole Latitie Works (ej. Soon
^firct- ^^^^5^^ wasaccusd by anobfcure Prefacer^
'vii. Theo. to a new Edition of the Effays^ in OBavo^
logica F,B. 3s Qne that had flill concealed fbme of his
^^' Lordftiip s Philofophical Treadires. Invin*
dication of himfelf from this Cenfure, I
find him ufing thefe words in one of his
papers, wherein he animadverteth on that
pre-
the Lord Bacon s Works^. ? •
preface. " I have publifh'd all I thought "fit, or a well advifed Man would have " thought fit to be publiTh'd by me. He judged fbme papers, touching Matters of Ejiate^ to tread too near to the heels of Truth, and to the times of the Perfbns concerned, from which now they are fur- ther remov'd, by the diftance of Twenty* Years. He thought his Lord's Letters con- ccrning his Fall, might be injurious to his Honour, and caufe the old Wounds of it to bleed anew 5 whereas if the remerri- brahce of them had not been frefh in the Minds of many, and in the Books of fbme, the Colle(3:ion of the Cabala , had revi- ved part of it in a corrupt Copy 5 and the matter of thofe Letters is of fuch a nature, ( as afterwards I (ball (hew) that it rather cleareth his Lordfhip's Fame, than throws more dirt upon it. For the Philojbphical '^emai7?s^ he judged them unfit to be com- mitted to the Prefs, becaufe they were but Fragments ^ and fuch too, as his Lord{hip*s laft Hand had not rendred Correct. The excefs of Veneration which he had or his Lordfhip, inclin'd him to think lothing worthy to bear his Name, which vvas not a Mafterpicce. And for this Rea- on. If Surreptitious Copies had not moved ^im to do his Lordfhip right by printing g tke
8 i An Account of all
the true ones, we had wanted divers Pa- pers which the World now enjoys, and re- ceives with thankfulnels. And where the fubftance is Gold, Men will readily accept it, though in the Ore and unrefined : Nor is it any diiparagement to the In've^7tory of his Lordfhip's philofbphical Goods, if there are nurabred amongft them certain broken uncoined pieces of valuable Metal.
Some few imperfedi: Papers, about his Lordfhip's private Affairs, or of very lit- tle moment in Philofbphy, are ftill kept where they ought to be, in private Hands. But thofe which have been judged worthy the Light, by thofe Learned and Prudent Men whom I have confulted , are now, with no fmall Labour, communicated to tlie World. For fb blotted were fbme of the Papers, fb torn, fb disjoynted, (b in- termixed in Contents of a different Na- ture 5 that the Se^ife^ as it now ftands, may Iccm like Alernny reduced to its proper Forf/f^ after its divers Shapes and Tranf^ mutations.
Novv^ thcfe Remains which I have been moved to publifh, I have digefled accord- ing to the nature of their Contents,and re- duc'd them to thefe feveral Heads of Ar- guments, Civil and Moral --^ Fhjfwlogical '^^ Medical'-^ Theological t, ^and. Bibliographical.
Under ■
the Lord Bacon's Wbrh,, 8 i
Uncler the firfl: Head of Remams, Civil and Moral^ arecontainedthefe Papers.
The Firfl: is, His Charges againft: the Coutftcfi and Earl of Somerfet ^ touching the death of Sir Thomas Overbury,
The proper place for thefe Charges was, in the firfl: part of the Refafcitatio (/), be- CO K?- fore his Charge againfl: three Perlons for " * ^^* Scandal, and traducing of the King's Ju- ftice, in the proceedings againfl: Wejion, But Dr. Rawley ( as appeared by a Note of his, on the Margent of thofe papers ) did at that time forbear the inferting of them, kfl: they fliould be ofFenfive to feme then alive. Now, more than Sixty Years have pafTed, fince the end of that Tragedy 5 and the News of it was told in the Ears of the World 5 and the Story was made pub- liek and lafting by the Prefs, both before and after (g) the Doftor's death. And Csl^y^* what Curtain foever our Prudence would w.' D^g_ draw, we could not conceal fo public a ^^le's 5^«* Matter. Nor is it fitting we fliould. Fovj'^^f^l' thereby we fliould endiavour to hide from p.4i5-^<^ Men, one ufeful Memorial of Divine Ju- ftice : A Memorial apt to deter Greatnefi from a Pradice, which if it v/erc common, there would be no fife eating or drinking, or breathing in Courts.
g ^ fit
84 ^'^ Account of all
At the Trial, fome Body, of bad Me- mory , and no better Pen , wrote down moft imperfectly, a little of that which Mr. Atloi'f-c, had fpoken, largely and ele- gantly upon this folemn Occalion : And, ^ in the Year fifh' one, ( a time of general
(;h) In Licence ) this Scribble was publifh'd {h), ^fia^^n. The PubliQier had the confidence to affirm, r*w, M that the Narranye was Collected out of the J'^T-'/c -• P-^F^rs of Sir Fr.u:ns Bjcon (/J, \vhich, by jjfC/ tri the Copies 1 fet fonh, 'tis mardfeft the Re- f^V*'-;^^ lator never had feen. But a gocxi Name o.£rD.:r;- in the Tide-page, was an ufefal Bufh for '" ^-; the putting off the crude and unhned Mat- /« /^/.j In ter in the Book it felf '/^ T:tU Little hath the Relator told of much *^^" which was laid by Mr. Ajtc'r?!ty 5 and that which he hath told, he hath repeated in (uch ill manner, that it is no longer Sir Frjtnis Baiof/s^ but his own. fK)Fi2. In ofie Place (4), he introduceth Mr. 1^7, io:<. yiitorfiC) , fpeaking thus. " This is the '• iecond time lince the Ring's coming thele '• thirteen Years, tHfc: anv Peers have been '■ Arraigned, and both thefe times your '- Gt-jce hath had the Place of High Stenwd. ^- The firft was Grejy and CobLam\ and '■'• thoua:h they were Convicted, yet Exe- " cution folio w'd not; no Noble Blood " hath been fpilt ilnce his Majefrie s Rei2:n.
the
the Lord Bacon s Works. o j
"The firft was Revenge, of Trenfbn " againO: Male-contents 5 and this of the "particular offence to a private Subjed, " againft thoie that have been fb high in " the King's Grace and Favour 5 and there- "fbre deferves to be written in a Sun- ^
" beam : but bis being the beft Mafter in '' in the World, hinders him not from be- " ingthe beft King, for He can as wellpUhz " a HjU^ as raije a Wall , a good Leflbn " to put to my Lords the Peers : He is " Lieutenant to him who is no refpeder of " perfons.
Now how curtail'd , how incoherent, how mean and unelegant is this, in com- parifbn of that which Mr. Attorney fpake ? For he (pake that which followeth.
" In all this mean time, the King hath '-'' Reigned in his White Robe, not fprink- " led with any one drop of Blood of any of '' his U^bles of this Kingdom ; Nay, fuch "•have been the depths of his Mercy, as "eventhofe Noble-mens Bloods (againft " whom the proceeding was at Wwchefier ) " Cobham and Grey^ were attainted and cor- " rupted, but not fpilt, or taken away ^ " but that they remained rather Spe&acles "of Juftice in their continual Imprifon- " ment, than Monuments of Juftice in the '' memory of their Suffering.
g 3 "It .
Afi Jccomit of all
" It is true, that the Objefts of his Ju-
" ftice then, and now , were very difFe-
" ring : For then it was the Revenge of an
"^ Offence again ft his own Perfon and
" Crown , and upon Perlbns that were
"Male-contents, and Contraries to the
" State and Govcrtiment : But now it is the
" the Revenge of the Blood and Death of
" a particular Snbjecf^ and the Cry of a
" Pnfd?7er : It is upon Perfons that were
'' highly in his Favour, whereby his Ma-
'^ jefty, to his gftCat Honour hath (hewed
" to the World, as if it were written with a
"Sun-beam, that he is truly the Lieute^
" nant of him, with whom there is no re-
" fped of Perfons :, That his Affections
''^ Royal are above his AfFedions Private ,
" That his Favours and Nearnefs about
^' him are not like Popifi SatiCiudrks^ to pri-
*^' vilege Malefivflours ; and that his being
" the beft Mafter in the World, doth not
^' let him from being the beft King in tlie
" World. His People, on the other lide,
" may fay to themftlves, I will lie down
" in peace ^ for Cod, and the King, and
"the Law, protect me againft the great
^' and fmall. It may be a Difcipline al(b,
" to great Men, ipecially fdch as are fwol-
" kn in their Fortunes from fmall bcgin-
" nings :
the Lord Bacon's IVorhi 87
^' nings 5 that The K.wg is as well able to k- *tJ *' vet Mountains^ as to Jill Valleys^ if fach be " their dejert.
In another place (/), he thrufteth into (J) Page the Speech of Sir Edward Cook^^ a partof Y/">^^ Sir Francis '^acon\ and ( hke the worier rasgnment fort of Thieves ) he does not only rob, "/ ^^' \' , but mangle him. Sir Francis Bacon fpake fee. ° "* on this manner : " My Lords ! He is not " the Hunter alone that lets flip the Dog " upon the Deer , but he that lodges the ^' Deer^ or roufes him, or puts him out 5 ^' or he that fets a Toyl that he cannot " efcape.
Inftead of which, the Relator hath fub- ftituted this abfurd Sentence. " It is not he " only that flips the Dog, but he that loves " the Toyl, that kills the Deer.
This ( I thought ) was not unneceflary to be faid in Vindication of Mr. Aitorneys Honour, which is vilely traduc'd in this Pamphlet, where thsDuw would perfonate the Orator.
The Second Paper is, his Letter to the Llniverfity of Cambridge ( to whom he was of Counfel) upon occafion of his being Sworn of the frivy-Council to the King. This I judged fit to bear that other com- (n])Re, pany which is already printed («?}, and fu<c. Let- anfwereth to their Congratulation at his g''^'^'^'-^. g 4 <irft '
8 8 ^\A)i Account of all
firft coming to the Place of Lord-Keeper,
ThpThfrdk^ his Letter to Kmgjames^
touching the Place of Lord High Chan-
cellour of E^jgland^ upon the approaching
^ death of the Chancellour Egertofi.
The Fcnrth is , a Letter to the fame Prince, for the relief of his Eftate. TKis, with that other of Snbmijjionm^Q Cabala^ fcem to fbme to blemifli his Lordfhip's Ho- nour 5 to others, to clear it: For in this, he appealeth to the King himfelf, whether he had not ever found him dired and ho- ncft in his Service, (b as not once to be re- buked by him, during Nineteen Years Em- ployment. He fheweth that his Fall was not the Kings Acl, and that the Prince was ready to reach out his Hand to ftay him from falling. In the other he maketh this profcffion of his being free from malicious Injuftice. " For the Bribery and Gifts " wherewith I am charged, when the Books F' of Hearts (hail be opened, I hope I fliall '' not be found to have the troubled Foun- " tain of a corrupt Heart, in a depraved " habit of taking fyewards to pervert Ju- " (lice, liovvibever I may be frail, and par- " take of the abufes of the Times.
The Fjft/.-i Paper is, a Collection of his remaining Apothcgfns^ inferiour in number to thofc already publil]u\^ > but not in
weight.
the Lord Bacon's Worh. 8p
weight. Some of thefe he took from Emi- ^
nent Perfons, and fome from meaner ones, having (et it down from his Obfervation (//), that The Bolt of the Rnjtjc^ often hits (p) ^^ the Mark/-) and that the Sow, in rooting, phiiofoph, may defcribe the letter A, though (he can- Mt^.Ru-
•' ■ ._,,-' Itlcoium
not write an entire Tragedy. Provei bia
The Sixth is, a Supply of his Colledion nonnuiia of Judicious and Elegant Sentences, cal- y^edra- led by him Ornamenta T^tionalia, He al(b f^tem di- gave to thofe Wife and Polite Sayings, , the susroftro. Title o^ Sefjtenti£ Stellar es'^ either becaufe Cs'^. they were Sentences which deferved to be pointed to by an Afterifc in the Margent 5 or becaufe they much illuftrated and beau- tify'd a Difcourle, in which they were dif- po(ed in due place and order , as the Stars in the Firmament , are (b many glorious Ornaments of it , and fet off with their Luftre, the wider and lefs adorned Spaces.
This Colledion is either wholly lofl:, or thrown into fome obfcure Corner ^ but I fear the firft. I have now three Cata- logues in my Hands , of the unpubHlh'd Papers of Sir Francis '^acon-^ all written by Dr. Rawlej himfelf In every one of the(e appears the Title o( Ornamenta Ratio- nalia^ but in the Bundles which came with thofe Catalogues, there's not one of thofe Sentences to be found. I held my felf ob-
lig'd,
90 An Account of all
lig'd in (bme lbrt,and as I was able,to (upply this defeft -, it being once in my power to have pre(erved this Paper. For a Copy of it was long fince, offer 'd me by that Do(5tor s only Son, and my dear Friend ( now with God ) Mr. William Rawley^ of whom, if I fay no more, it is the greatnefi of my Grief for that irreparable lofs, which caufeth my Silence. I was the more negli- gent in taking a Copy, prefuming I might, upon any occafion, command the Origi- nal 5 and becauie that was then in fiich good Hands. Now, there remains nothing with me, but a general Remembrance of the quality of that Colleftion. It confifl- ed of divers (hort Sayings, aptly and fmart- ly exprefled, and containing in them much of good Senle in a little room.
Thefe he either made, or took from o- thers, being moved ib to do by the fame Reafbn which caus'd him to gather toge- ther his Apothegms^ which ( he faith ) ke collected for hk Recreation , his Lordfhip s Diverfions being of more value than fbme Men s Labours. Nor do fuch Sentences and Jpjthcgms^ differ much in their Nature. For Apothegms are only fbmewhat longer, and fuller of Allufion, and tell the Author, and the occaiion of the Wife Saying , and are but the fame Kernel^ with the Shell
and
the Lord Bacon's Works. 9 1
and Leaf about it. That which he faith
of the one, is true of the other. " They
" are both Mncrofies Verborum (fl\ pointed (o) in
"Speeches, or Goads. Cicero ( toh he ) ^^'^'po-'
" calleth them Salims, Salt-pits, that you thegm?.
•' may extrad Salt out of, and (prinkle it -/:
"where you will. They ferve to be in-
" terlaced in continued Speech ; They (erve
" to be recited, upon occalion, in them-
" (elves.
Such Ornaments have been noted in all Ages and Place?, and in many Colleded.
Amongft the Hebrews , they had ( of old) the Proverbs of Agttr^ and Salomon.
In Times more Modern, there have been fet forth the 'Pirhf Avoth 5 and the Sen- tences, Proverbs, Apothegms, and Simili- tudes of the Hebrew Writers, Collected in the Florilegium Hebmkum of Buxtorf.
Amongft the Egyptians^ we find fuch Enigmatic Proverbial Forms as thefe. He hath a Wing of a Bat. That is, the Man is impotent, yet darings and (b like a Bat^ which adventures to ftie, though it has no Feathers. The Crab I^eps the door of the Oyfier. That is, his Friend deftroys him. For the Crab (they (ay ) puts in his Claw when the Oyfier gapes, and eats it up.
Aniongft the Arabians^ we find the Pro- verbs
92 jfn Account of all
verbs of Lock^an , or JEfop 3 and thofe Collefted by Erpenius,
Amongft the Greeks^ we find the Sen- tences of their Seven Wife Men^ ofTheognes, and Phocyljdes^ and of divers others pre- ferved by Stob£Uf. Pythagorus had his (;p)Sfff C7n)^M5axj (p), of which we (hould have ^i»?pu'c.m known much more, if Time had not deni- Eptst. ad e(i yg ^^ Book of Ariflotle ynfi t^v uv^yc- cac.p ^^- pcj(i3v. Thence, 'tis thought, Laertius^ and T^orphyrje , cite certain Pythogoric Sym-
Ton?irnf'" ^^^^ C'/)' i^"^ which among others, the Plej- .r'e Script, ades ^YQ Called the Harp of the Mufes --^ and Htihi'hd. ^\^Q Northern Bears ^ the H^;;^/ of 7{hea. p. 11. cs* Which latter Symbol , is for luch a Toy, Jambiich. pretty enough, if expounded of Matter Pythag. fixed, and detained from the courfe of its pi3i- Fluidity, by cold, or reft. But I pretend not (b much intimacy with the Aligical ''Pythagoras^ as to be his Interpreter. To Henry Stephens^ we owe a Collection of Greek Sentences, from the Comic Poets. The Monk Thalafws^ wrote an Hundred Sentences concerning Charity and Conti- nence, after the way of the Cloyfter, that , s g_,^ is, in a pious, but lefs acute manner (r). them /» Amongft the T^nians^ Julius Cd'fir^ and the^^it^ ^lacrobius wrote Collections of ^/'^//;-f^^j" 5 p!'roof' ''^"d the Sentences of Laherius^ and alio of Piihliiis ^ (who Wfis, indeed 5 by Birth a
Syrian f
the Lord Bacon s JVorks. 9 5
Syria??, but by Education and Privilege a Roman ) are to this Day preferved.
Some, a-vvhile ago, have gathered and amalled the Sentences of Cicero, and of both the Seneca s, though ( 1 think ) without much judgment, and as we gather Fifties in a Net, enclofing the good and bad to- gether. Laft Year, the Sieur de Laval, did pubhfti his Colledion of the Sentences of St. Auftin (f). And it is not long fince, (f ) sent. Mounfteur Hache {kt forth a whole Folio of ^'^'^'^^^^^ Sentences, CoUeded out of Twelve of the de s.jAug. Tomes of the Bihliotheca Patn/m (t). A. Paris,
Among the Italians, Spaniards, French, odayo. Dutch, Turks, ( which two laft I put toge- (0 ^'",f- ther, for the alike bluntnels and courfneis PaiX/ii* of their Sayings ) there are divers Collec- f^^e^'^ ;>«• tions of Apothegms and Proverbs. ^at^iI^II'
Among our Selves, we have the like, and particularly the Wife Sayings by Mr. Camb- den, and the Jaa/la Frudentum , in Mr. Herbert ^ which latter fome ha\'e been bold to accufe as having too much Feather, and too litde Point. But the fonfe of that Metaphor, may be more truly apply 'd to the Colledion call'd Flm-es Edvardi Coci (u). Thofe Sayings, as they are reprefen- (") ^ ted without the Context of that Eminent Lr^r.'i6i7. Lawyer, are like the Flowers in an Her- '^ i^"- bal, of which no Man would put the Ge- nerality into his Garden. The
p4 Jn Jccomt of all
The ufe of fuch little things, no Man knew better than Sir Francis nacor?^ who could turn every faying to Advantage 5 and if it wanted Luftre in it feli^ he could by Art create it, and by (etting it well. ■ His own Colledion was ( as I remem- ber _) gathered partly out of his own Store, and partly from the Ancients, and accord- ingly 'tis iiipplied out of his own Works, and the Mimi of 'Pnblim.
Under the Secotrd Head of T(emams P/jj- Qological^ or l\atiiral^ is contained in the Firji pluce^
A Fragfftef^t of his Lordfhip s Abeceda- rhim NaUir.a. This is commonly (aid to be loft, and it is well nigh fo, the latter part of it only remaining. But where the whole is good, each part is of value. And Antiqur»iies who travel iri the Dominions of the Qratid Sigm&i\ do not de(pife the ancient Statues which they find there, though Maho/fietajt Superftition hath bro- ken off their Heads.
This Work is faid to be a Metapf:>yfical Piece ; but it is not (b, in the ftridteft fenfe. Its principal defign is the Partition of things into their fe^^eral Claffes 5 a defign Vv^hich his LordQiip brought to more per- fedion in his Organon^ and Book De Aug- mentis Sckrtiarum. And though in it were
handled
the Lori Bacon's Works. '' p ;
handled Cotidittom of Bemg^ yet not ab- ftraftly from all Body, but with reference to it. And therefore his Lordlhip did not call it Abecedarinm Hyperphyficum^ but the Alphabet of Nature. And his Lordftiip gi- veth exprefs Caution, in his Book of Ad- vafjcement (n?), that where he fpeaks of (w) De Conditions of Entities , which are cal- s^^S* led Tran(cendental 5 (fuch as, Mnch^ Lit-i^.c'.z. tie. The Same, Divers, Tojfible, Impojphle)^-^^^' he be not interpreted in a Logical) but *\Ph)fical Senfe. His Lordfhip was much averfe to high and ufelels Speculations, and he was wont to exprefs that Avcrfiiefi in the following Comparifbn. The Lark^ ( (aid he ) is an high flier, and in its flight does nothing but Sing : But the Harvk^ flies high, and thence defcends and catches its Prey.
The Second T^aper about Natural things, is his Lordfhip's Inquifition touching the Cof^ipoundivg of Metals.
Then follow, in the Third Tlace, his Articles of ^eflions , tonchirjg t^i^^erals. Of thefe, the firffc inquireth about the fame Subjedt with the foregoing Paper 5 but finding them diflinguifh'd by his Lordfhip, I have not joyn'd them together.
Thefe Queflions were turn'd into Latine, and in that Tongue,publi(h'd by Dr. Rawky^
amongft
9 6 jin Account of all
amongft his Lord (hip s Opufada , but the EfTgliJlj Originals are now, the firft time fet forth. And having by me three Copies, I pubhih them by that one on which his Lordihip had endorled with his own Hand^ This is the clean Copy.
Now thele Inquiries being in themfelves Imperfeft, and without much Solution of his Lordfhip's adjoyn'd 5 I have here ad- ded to them the feveral Anfwers of Dr. Me- verel^ to whom they were propoled by his Lordfhip. It has not been in my power, as yet, to inform my felf duly about this Dodor ^ but doubtle(s, he was a ChjmiJ}^ as thofe Times went , of the firft Order. It was his Lordfhip's manner, on di^Trs mornings, to let down Inquiries for the fol- lowing Days, in Ibme loole Papers. And in one of them, I find this, among other ^le?/ioraf7da. " To fend to Dr. c^evereL '' Take Iron and diflblve it in Aq«a Fortis^ "and put a Loadftone near it, and fee " whether it will extraft the Iron ; Put alfb " a Loadftone into the Water, and (ee " whether it will gather a Cruft about it.
After the Queftions of his Lordfhip a- bout Minerals^ and the Anfwers of Dr. ^Icverel , there follows , in the Fourth T^lace^ an L^qinfition concerning the Ver- fions, Tranfmutations, Multiplications, and
EiFec-
the Lord Bacon's Jror^y. 97
Effedions of Bodies, not hitherto pubhfh'd in the Englijl) Tongue, in which his Lord- (hip wrote it (x). (x) see
Fjfihly , There is annexed a certain ^- R*^- Speech touching the recovery of Drowned ^^'^^LZg Mineral Works , prepared , as Mr. BnJIjel the opuf- faith, for that Parliamerjt under which he '^'* '*' fell. His Lordfhip, no doubt, had fuch a Projeft s and he might prepare a Speech al- fo, for the Facilitating of it. But that this is a true Copy of that Speech, I dare not avouch. His Lordihip's Speeches were wont to be digefted into more Method 5 his Periods were more round, his Words more choice, his Allufions more frequent, and manag d with more decorum. And as no Man had greater command of Words, for the illuftration of Matter, than his Lord- (hip 5 (b here he had Matter which refused not to be cloth'd in the beft Words.
The Sixth T^aper about Natural Things, containeth certain Experiments about weight in Air and Water.
The Seventh containeth a few Propofals to the Country-Man, called Experiments for T^rofit. The Eighth^ Experiments about the Commixture of Liquors. The Ninths a Catalogue of Bodies Attra&ive and not At- tra&ive^ with Experimental Obfervations about them,
h Under
9? Jn Account of aU
Under the Third Head of Medical Re^ mains^ is contain d Jn the F/r/? flace^ a Pa- per which he called Grains of Touth. In it he prefcribeth divers things, as means to keep up the Body in its Vigour. Amongft thefe is the Receipt of the Methufakm JVa^ ter^ againjt the Drinefs of Age^ which his Lordlhip valued and ufed.
Next follows 2i Catalogue of ^Jiringents^ Opemrs^atid Cordials^ Inftrumental to Health. Then comes in the Tljird place^ an Extra^^ by his Lordftiip, for his own ufe, out of the Hijlory of Life and Death , together with Ibme new Advices in order to Health.
Laji ofall^ there are added Four Medical Receipts.
The Firjl is, his Lordfiip's Broth and
Fomentation againji the Stone^ which I judg'd
acceptable to the Public, feeing his Receipt
againji the Gout hsid been fo,though itwork-
eth not an Infallible Cure. And here it
may fcem ftrange, that his Lordfhip does
Cy) ^/' not mention Spirit of !^Qtre, which he fo
b^Exper. often u{ed, and which a very ingenious Ex-
cf the Lu. perimenter (y) hath noted, to be the beffc
k!%^«S of Ai^/^againft the Stone. _
Jfuf of The Second is, the Receipt of an Oynt-
Me-'^ftr^- i^QYW called by his Lordfhip, Unmentum
ai forts ofrragrans (we J:\omanhm. 6y this he mean-
iojics. ^^]^ ^^ Unguent which coniifteth ofJfirin^
gents.
the Lord Bacon s Works . 99
g€P?ts^ preventing excefs of Tranfpiration^ and Cordials comforting the Parts. And he called it f I fuppole ) the T^man Un- gmfit^ becaufe that People did eminently make u(e of Baths and Anointings. " He " himielf held, that the anointing with Oyl, " was one of the moft potent Operations "to long Life (z,), and that it conduced {T-)H,fi. "to Health, both in WiTiter^ by the exclu-^^^^'^'^^^ " fion of the cold Air , and in Summer^ by the opJ: " detaining the Spirits within, and prohi- ^S,f ^z" " biting the relblution of them 5 and keep- A'r!§Xi, " ing of the force of the Air, which is then f- 37- " mod: predatory. Yet it was his Lordfliip's opinon, that it was beft to anoint without Bathing, though he thought Bathing with- out Anointing bad.
The Third and Fourth^ are Receipts to comfort the Stomach. One of them he cal- leth a Secret , and I (uppofe it might be communicated to him by Sir Henry Wotto». For Sir Henry {peaks of his preparation of a certain Wood (a\ as of a rare Receipt W ^'^ to Coroborate the Vifcera^ and to keep the Wouom Stomack in Tono. p. 473-
Under the Fourth Head^ of Theological Remains,^ are contain'd only a few ^ejiions about the lawfulnefs of a Holy War 5 and two Prayers, one for a Pbilojbphical Stu- dent^ the other for a Writer. The fub- h 3 ftance
1 00 ^^i Account of all
fiance of thefe two Prayers is extant in La- (b) Nov. twe^ in the Organon (/?), and Scripta (c). Orgamim, Under the Fifth Bead of Biblwgrafhkal caic'par- Rcmaws^ are contained j[bme of his Lord- ttiprp^f. (hip's own Papers concerning his Works, taPhUof and likewife (bme Letters and Dilcourfes of p. 45 i.a»d others upon the fame Subjcd, together with Titiel ' a few interfperfed Remarks concerning his F^^*:' Life.
His Lordthip's Papers are thefe Six, The Firft is, a Letter to Elizabeth^ the Sifter of Ring Charles the Martyr, and Wife to Frederic^ PnnceT^alatir/e of the Rhine t, a Princels who found (b many Thorns in the Crown of Bohcma, She pleafed to write to his Lordfliip, and he returned Anfwer, and (ent along with it as a Prefent, his Djjmtrfe of a War with Spain ^ though nei- ther came to her Hands, till after his Lord- fliip's Death.
The Second is, a Letter to the TJniverftty of Cambridge when he fent them his Book of the ^dva?7ccment of hearning.
The Tkird is, a Letter to the fame Uni-
• verllty, upon his (ending to them his No-
Tvm Orgamtm, This he wrote in a loofe
Iheet of paper , the former^ in one of the
ipare leaves at the beginning of the Book.
The Fourth is, a Letter to Trinity College^ in Crf////'r/V/^(of which Society he had been a
Member)
the Lord Bacon s Works. i o i
Member) upon his (ending thither the a- forefaid Book De ^ugmentk Sckfjtiarum,
The Fiflh is, a Letter to the Bifhop of Lincoln ^ in which I note the goodnels of his Lordfhip's Nature, whilft he ftill main- taineth his Friendfhip with him, though he had fucceeded him in his place of Lord- Keeper. For Envy hates every one that fits in that Chair from whence it (elf is fallen.
The Sixth is, a Letter to Father Fnlgen- iio^ a Divine ( if I miftake not ) of the Republic of Venice^ and the fame who wrote the Life of his Colleague, the excellent Fa- ther T^aul.
The Seventh is, a Letter to the <5'l4arquefs Fiat, then EmbafTadour from France, (bon after the Marriage betwixt his late Majejiy and Henrietta Maria , in the knitting of which he had been employ *d. This Mar- ejHefs was the Perfbn, who, impatient of feeing (b Learned a Man, was admitted to his Lordfliip when he was very ill, and confin'd to his Bed 5 and who (aluted him with this high Compliment: "Your Lord- " (hip hath been to me hitherto like the An- " gels, of which I have often heard and " read, but never (aw them before. To which piece of Courtfhip, he returned (iich anfwer, as became a Man in thole Circum-
ilances.
1 oi Jn Account of all
ftances. "Sir, the Charity of others, " does liken me to an Angel, but my own " Infirmities tell me I am a Man.
The Eighth is, a Tranfcript out of his Lordfhip's Will^ concerning his Writings. There, in particular manner, he commend- eth to the Pre(s, the Felicities of Queen Elizabeth, This I noted before 5 and ob- (erve it here again as an Argument of the Impartiality of his Lordfhip s Judgment and Affedion. He was zealous in bearing tefti- mony to the wife Adminiftration of the Public Affairs in thofe Times , in which himfelf advanced litde either in Profit, or Honour. For he was hindred from grow- ing at Court by a great Man, who knew the flendernefs of his Purfe, and alfb fear d that if he grew , he might prove Taller Cd) Set than himfelf (d). The little Art ufed a- %f7Ltt. g^iJ^ft him, was the reprefenting of him as terto^tr a SpeculatoT'^ though it is plain, no Man cJ/f *o? dealt better, and with kinder waySj in pub- LetmUn licBufinefs than himfelf : And it generally R* Vufr °-^^ip^"^^ under his Hands, p. 87. and For the Papers written by others, touch- that m p. inor his Lordfhip and his Labours, they are ""■"'■thife.
The Eirjl is, a Letter from the Univcr- fity of^ Oxford, to his Lordfhip, upon his fending to them his Book oi Advattcement
of
the Lord Bacon's Works. i o j
of Learmtfg^ in its (econd, and much en- larged Edition. It fhould feem by a Paflage towards the end of this Letter, that the Let- ter which his Lordfhip (ent to them, toge- ther with his Book, was written ( hke the firft to the Z)mverjitji of Cambridg ) in one of the {pare leaves of it , and contain'd Ibme wholefome Admonitions in order to the purliiit of its Contents.
The Second is, a Letter from Dr. Mayn- warwg^ to Dr. T^-ppley^ concering his Lord- fiip'^ Cofjfejjion of Faith, This is that Dr. Maynwarmg^who^k Sermon upon EcclefB.7, €^c, gave fuch high Offence, about One and Fifty Years ago.
For fome Dodrines, which he noteth in his Lordfhip's Confeilion, the Reader ought to call to mind, the times in which his Lord- (hip wrote them, and the diftafte of that Court againft the proceedings of Bamezeltj whole State-faftion blemifh'd his Creed.
The reft are, Letters of Dr. T^wley^ ^ionnjieur Deodate^ Ifaac Gruter^ touching the Edition of his Lordfhip s Works : ^ Account of his Loi'dfjips Life and Writi^gs^ by Sir William Dugdale^ together withfbme new Infertions : Chara^ers of his Lordfhip, and his Pljilofiphy^ by Dr. Heylin^ Dr. Sprat y and Mr. Abraham Cowlej.
All
i
1 04 •^'^ Account of all
All thefe Papers I have put under the Title of '^aconiana^ in imitation of thole, who of late, have publilh'd (bme Remains of Learned Men, and called them, Thnana^ Scaligerana^ T^erronUna,
Thefe then are the particular Writings,in which I have labour'd, and in letting forth of which, I have undertaken the lower Of- fice of a Prefacer. And I think it more defireable to write a mean Preface to a good Book, than to be Author of a mean Book, though graced with a Preface from (bme excellent Pen : As it is more Honour, with a plain White Staffs to go before the King, than being an unpolifh'd Magiftrate of a mean and antiquated Corporation, to be ufher'd forth with a Mace of Silver.
Novemb. 30. 1678.
T.T.
The
A
TABLE
OF THE
\
^aconiana Tolitko-moralid.
Under this Head are Contained,
i. O 1 -R Francis Bacon'x Charge again jt V J Frances CounUfs of Somerfet, a- bout poyJom?fg ofSirTho. Overbury. p.go
2. His Churge agahiftVsshQxt^ Earl of So- merfet, touchmgthe fame matter, p. 14.
5. His Letter to the TJrirverfity ^/Cambridg, when he war fvporn Priuy-Coanfellor. In Latine, p. 57. In Englifli, .p. 59.
4. His Letter to King James, tonching the Chancellor s 7 lace. P- 4^^*
A 5. H^^
A Table of
5. Hh Letter to King James, for tie Relief of his EJlate. P* 45«
6. His Remaining Apothegms. P* 55-
7. A Supply of his Ornamenta Rationalia, or Judicious Sentences.
1. Out of the Mimi of Publius, in Latine and Englidl. p. 60.
2. Out of his own Writings, P* ^5»
Saconiana Thyjtolo^iccty Containing
I. A Fragment of his Abecedarium Nature, /;/ Latine, p. 77. */WEnglifti, p. 84.
I I. His Inquifition, touching the Compound- ing of Petals. p. 92.
III. His Articles 6/Queftions, touching Mi- nerals.
1. Concerning the Incorporation and Wm- on of c^htals, p. 104.
2. Dr. MevcnYs Anjivers to them. p. 1 10.
3. Concerning the Separation of <^etals and ^linerals. p. 114,
4. Dr. MevereFs ^Anfvoersto them, p.i 16,
5. Concerning the Variation of Metals and ftMinerals. p. 1 1 8.
6. Dr. Meverd's ^//nfvers. p. 125.
7. Concerning the Reftitution of Me- i^l^' p. 127.
8. Dr.
the Concents. 8. Dr. Meverel's ^nfwer. p. 1 2 8.
IV. The Lord Bacon's Inquifition, concern- ing the Verfions^ Tranfmtitations^ ^Mi- plications and Effections of Bodies, p. 1 2 9.
V. His Speech abont the Recovery of Drown d Mineral Works. p. i^l-
VI. His Experiments about Weight in jiir and Water. P- I34-^
VII. His Experiments for Profit. . p. 1 3 8. *
VIII. His Experiments about the Commixture of Liquors , by Simple Compofttion only.
p. 140.
IX. ^ Catalogue of Bodies ^/fttra&i've and not ^^ttra&iije ^ ^^^^^ Obfervations upon them, in Latinc, p.145. in Englifti, p.149.
^dconiana <^A/£edica.
Under this Head are Contained,
1. His Taper about Prolongation rfLife^ called by him Grains of Youth. p- 1 5 5*
2. ^ Catalogue of ^ftringents. Openers, and Cordials, injirumental to long Life. p. 161.
3. ^n Extra&, by his Lordfiip, out of his Bookofthe Prolongation of Life, for his Qwnufe. p. 167.
A 2 4. His
A Table of
4. His Medical Receipts^ againft theStone^
&C.
p. 171.
^aconiana Theologka.
Under this Head are Contained,
1. Bis Unefims of the LawpilneJ of 4 ^ War^ for the propagation of Religion,
p. 179.
2. Two Prajiers of his, one called the Stu- dents , the other the Writers 'Prajer.
p. 18I5I82.
'Baconian^ bibliographic a*
Under this Head are Contained,
I. l^apers (vpritten by Himfelf^ relating to kis lBocks» ^s
I. Hk Letter to the ^een <?/ Bohemia, to vphcm keJe/J hk Hookpf a War with Spaioe p. 187.
■2. yj Letter of the Lord Bacons to the
'Vni'
the Contents.
'Dniverfity of Cambridg, vpn hisfend- ittg to them his 1BookX)e Augm. Scient. in Latine, p. 189, in Engliih, p. 190. 5. His Letter to the fame Uni'verjity^ upon his fending to them his Novum Orga- num, in Latin , p. 1 9 1 . i« Engl. p. 1 92 .
4. His Letter to Trinity College in Cam- bridg, upon his fending to them hisBooJ^ of the Advancement of Learning, in Latine, p. 195. 7»Engli(h, p. 194.
5. His Letter to the ''Bifjop of Lincoln, a- boiit his Speeches^ 8cc. p« 1 9 5 •
6. His Letter to Father Fulgentio, about all his Writings in Englilll, p. 19^.
7. To (^arquefs Fiat ( about his Ejfays'^ in
French, p. 2 o i . in Engliih, p. 2 o 2 .
8. T^art of his lafi Tefiament concerning his Writings. p. 203.
IL T^apers (^written by others ) relating to his
''Books and Life, ^s
I. ^Letter to him from the Unverfity of Oxford (;■« Latine, p. 204. /« Eng- liih, p. 206. ) upon his having fent to them his 'Book, De Augmentis Scien- tiarum.
7. A Letter from Dr. Maynwaring to Dr. Rawley, about the Lord Bacon's Con- fejjion of Faith. p. 209.
3. A Letter fiom Z)r. Rawley to Mtmnfieur ^lius Deodate /'//Latine, p. 214, in
Engli(h
A Table of, eirc.
Englilhjp. 215. comer ning hispthlijl)- iftg the Lord BaconV Works,
4. ^onnfieur Deodate's Anfwer^ in La- tine, p. 2 1 7. artd Englifti, ?• 2 1 9.
5. ^r, Ifaac Gruter's Three Letters to Dr. Rawley (/V/Latine, p. 221,231, 238. in Englifti, p. 225,234, 240.) concerning the Lord Bacon's Works,
6. ^n ^Account of the Life^ and Writings of the Lord Bacon, by Sir W. Dugdale, together with Infertions by the T^nbliJ/jer,
p. 242.
7. ^ Chara&er of the Lord Bacon, by £)r. Heylin. p. 263.
8. ,X Chara&er by Dr. Sprat. p. 264.
9. ^CharaBer of his Vhilofofhy^ by Mr, Cowley. p. 267.
ERRATA,
Liber cut Titulus ( Baconiana, <src. )
IMPRIMATUR. ExJEdibusUm- Geo. Thorp. Rev"^''- in
bethanis, Nov. r> t> o r\ r^
20. 1678. ^' I • ^ L)- Dom.
§ulielmo Archiep, Cant, a 5acris Do- mefticis.
ER.RATA.
In the Introdudion.
PAge<J. Line 24. Read Sprang: P. ii. 1. ii. r. Site. 1. 28. for that, r- the. F. 13. Maigent, 1. *. for with, r. tnter. P. i $. I. 25. for to, r. and. V.16 1. 9. for re, r./or. P. 24. i. 18. r. tnlarged. 1. zj.for >rerc, r. xpe^r. P. 27. 1. 2j. for h'u-, r. r/^w. P. 40. J. 9. for precious, r «»/5"- deraUe. P. 45. 1. 29. r. compare them. P. 57. 1. 13. for c/i r. the. P. 59. 1. I 6. for Edward 3d. r. £<///. 3d. P. do. 1. 8, put a period afrer publifh'd, V-6i. 1. 1 9. r; Methodical' i\ 7I . 1. 24. r. thoHgh thej.
In the Book.
P. 20. 1. If. blot out hut. P. 9g. L 4 fof /», r. ii. P. 37. i. 23. r. reltilum. P. 61. 1. 21, blot out «V«». P. 7$!. 1. 24. blot out Add. P. 8 3 . J . 1 2. r. ■^ptUtcattones, P. 8 J . 1. 2 1 . for Impojjibiltty, r. tn Pojjibtlitj. P, 89. 1. 2o- for interfpe^^ r. $nter(perje. P. 95. 1. 19. v.ttroiU. P. 119. I. 2. r. Arbore- fcents. P. 125. J. 18. v.fitteft. P. 132. I. 26, 27. forf^e xp^o/tf Intelle^Sy x.your nolle Intellects. P. I g 5 . 1. 29, r. <///"- fer, p. 1 39. 1. 1 1, r. rawns. P. 146 . 1. 7 • for hemed^ r. Ua^ ved, p. i^S.l.io. r.fpfam, P. 1 49. 1. 10. for Sheaves, r- Shfpers. P. 1 62 1. 9. r. mullein. P. i<5$. 1. 1 3. r. Cufpar$ti, p. 167. 1. 2. r. /'»//. Pi 168. 1 28. for TPtth juy{ey r. which I ufe- P. 1 89, J. 16. r. legitime. P. 1 91. 1. 1 5. r. /> *f. P.- l^g, 1. 15, 20. r. frodromt. V. 101. 1. 4. ioxfile, x.filz^. 1. 9, for »o»5 r. Awo». i. 23. forfAT, r. et. P. xo8. 1. 9. blot outCS'r. P. 21 J. 1. 3 .r .generojtjjime Domtne. 1. 4. r. addtittjjimtu. P. 218, I. 2. r. eontrf^otrim. P. 222. 1. 2§. for turn, r. T«. P- 232. 1. 33. r. vertjt. P. 237. 1. 4. r. would. P, 239. 1. 4. r. /n^- rat. J. 12. r. confecrari. I. 14. r. [egnefcens. P. 249. 1. 29, 30. for carried, r. varted. P. 250. !• 5. r. ^^o^ to call. P, 255. 1. 19. r. Court!. P. 254. Margent 1. i. for R. tbii^ r,'£, /i&«. P. 257. Margent J. i . t\jr*Tw/iS, r. they were. P. 15 9. J. 8, 9. after Natur'^ put a Semicolon j after pmtid^% Colon,'
!Baco7iiana folitico-Moralia.
REMAINS
OF THE
Lord Bacon,
Civil and Moral.
L 0 ISiD 0 N,
Printed for ^chard Chifwely at the
Rofe and Crown in St. Taurs
Church- Yard, 1675^4
1
The Lord S^co;/'s
R E MA I N &
Civil and Moral.
7he Qharge \ by way of Evidence ^ by Sir ^Jp''^''" Francis Bacon, his Majejiies Attourmy i^^<^- General^ before the Lord High Stew- * rhe i.ord ard, ^Wf/;e Peers, 4^4m/ Frances ^i",;"^^^^^^^ CounteB of Someriet, concernlm the ^-""'"^^''-^f- foyJQnmg of oir rhomas Overbury.
the Ear! of Brftlgtva-s ter.
IT may pleafe your Grace, my Lord High Steward of Ef7gland^ and you my Lords the T^eers. I am very gla-d to hear this unfortunate Lady doth take this Courfe, to confefs fully , and freely , and thereby to give Glory to God , and to Juftice. It is ( as I may term it) the Noblenefs of an Offen- der to confefs 5 and therefore thofe meaner
B 2 Per-
Ihe Lord Bacon's ^mains^
Perfbns, upon whom Juftice paffed before, confeffed not, Ihe doth. I know your Lordlhips cannot behold her without com- paffion. Many things may move you, her Vouth, her Perfbn, her 'Sex, her noble Fa- mily, yea, her Provocations, ( if I ihould enter into the Caufe it felf ) and Furies a- bout her , but chiefly her Penitency and ConfeiTion. But Juftice is the work of this Day ^ the Mercy-Seat was in the inner part of the Temple 5 the Throne is publick. But (ince this Lady hath by her Confeflion prevented my Evidence, and your Verdift^ and that this Day's labour is eafed, there refteth in the Legal Proceeding, but for me to pray that her Confeflion may be recor- ded, and Judgment thereupon.
But becaufe jw/r LordJInps the Peers are met,and that this da v and to mSrrow are the Days that crown all the former Juftice A and that in thefe great Cafes it hath been ever the manner to re(ped Honour and Satisfaction, as well as the ordinary Parts and Forms of Juftice 5 the Oc r.ifion it fc if admonifheth me, to give yot^ ^c: , / Z ns and the Hearers this Contentment, as to make Declaration of the Proceed irgs of this excellent Work of the King'§ Juuice, from the beginning to the ^nd.
It may pleafeyour Gri^ee, myLordBigb
Stevpard
QVil and K'MoraL
Stevpard of Efjglard^ this is now the (eccmd time, within the fpace of tuirteen years Reign of our Happy Sovereign^ that this high Tribunal Scat ( ordained for the Trial of Pecrj- ) hath been opened and ereded, and that with a rare event, fupplied and ex- erciled by one and the fame Perfon, which is a great Honour unto you^ my hord Stevpurd,
In all this mean time the King hath reigned in his white Robe, not fprinkled wnth any one Drop of the Blood of any of his Nobles of this Kingdom. Nay, fuch have been the Depths of his Mercy, as even thofe Noble- Mens Bloods, ( againft whom the Proceeding was at JP/;;r/f//er J C obha^^ ard Grey^ were attainted and corrupted, but not fpilt or ta^ ken away i, but that they remained r er Sfe&acks of Jubilee in their continual m- prifbnment, than Momfvie?:ts cf Justice in the Memory of their Suffering.
It is true, that the Objefts of his Juftice then and now were very differing 5 for then it was the Revenge of an Offence againft his own Perfon and Crown, and upon Perfons that were Male-Contents, and Contraries to the State and Government , but now it is the Revenge of the Blood and Death of a particular Sub jedi:, and the Cry of a Prifoner ^ it is upon Perfons that were highly in his Fa- B 3 vour 5
The Lord Bacon's ^mainSy
vour 5 whereby his Majefty, to his great Honour, hath ihewed to the World, as if it were written in a Sun-beam, that he is tru- ly the Lieutenant of him with whom there is tio refpec^ of T^erfi?7s 5 that his Affections Royal are above his Affeftions private 3 that his Favours, and Nearnefs about him, are not like Popifi Safi&uarks^ to privilege Malefadors 5 and that his being the beftMa- fter in the World, doth not let him from being the beft Ring in the World. His Peo- ple, on the other fide, may (ay to themlclves, I will lie down in Peace, for God, the King, and the Law, proted me againfl: great and (mail. It may be a Difcipline alfo to great Men, efpecially fuch as are fwoln in their Fortanes from fmall beginnings, that the Kin<7 is as well able to level Mountains, as to fill Vallies, if (uch be their defert.
But to come to the prefent Cafe, The great Frame of Juftice (my Lords ) m this prelent Action, hath a Vanity and hath a Stage : A Vujih^ wherein thefe Works of Darkne(s were contrived 5 and a Stage^ with Steps , by which it was brought to Light.
For the form.er of thefe, I v/ill not lead your LorJpips into it, becaafe I will engrieve nothingtegainft a Penitent, neither will I open any thing againfl him that is abfent.
The
,
Civil and Moral
The one I will give to the Laws of Humani- ty, and the other to the Laws of Juitice 5 for I {hall always fcrvc my Mafter with a good and fincere Confcience, and I know that he accepteth bell. Therefore I will re- ferve that till to morrow, and hold my (elf to that which I called the Stage or Theater^ whereunto indeed it may be fitly com.pared ; for that things were firll: contained within the Invifible Judgments of God, as within a Curtain, and after came forth, and were aded moft worthily by the King, and right well by his Minifters.
Sir Thomas Overbnry was murthered by Vd\^or\^ Sepemh. i'>^. 16 13. This foul and cruel Murder did for a time cry fecretly in the Ears of God 5 but God gave no anfwer to it, otherwife than by that Voice, (which fometime he uf^th) which is l^ox Populr^ the Speech of the People : For there went then a Murmur that 0^'er/'?/r;' was poifbncd ^ and yet the (ame fubmifs and low Voice of God (the Speech of the Vuls^ar People ) was not without a Counter-tenor or Coun- ter-blaft of the Devil, who is the common Author both of Murder and Slander ^ for it was given out, that Overbnry was dead of a foul Di(eafe^ and his Bod3|P f which they had made Corpus Jndajatm with their Poi- (bns, (b as it had no whole par^7 muft be B 4 faid
8 7he Lord Bacon's ^mainsy
Ciid to be leprofed with Vice, and (b his Name poifoncd as well as his Body. For ns to Dillolutenefs, I have not heard the Gentleman noted with it 5 his Faults were of Infblency, Turbulency, and the like of that kind.
Mean time there was fome Induftry ufed f of which I will not nowfpeak) to lull a- (leep thofe that were the Revengers of the Blood, the Father and the Brother of the Murdered. And in thefe terms things flood by the fpace of two years, during which time God did fo blind the two great Pro- curers, and dazle them with their Greatnefs, and blind and nail fift the Adors and In- ftruments with fecurity upon their Protedi- on, as neither the one looked about them, nor the other ftirrcd or fled,or were convey- ed away, but remained here ftill, as under a privy Arreft of God's Judgments 5 info- much as Fra}:hJ.J^^^ that ihould have been fent over to the T^aljgruve with good (lore ' of Monev, was by God's Providence, and the Accident of a Marriage of his, diverted and fta^ c'd.
But about the beginning of the Pro- grefs the lail Summer, God's Judgments began to comt^ut of their depths. And as the revealing o[ Murder is commonly fuch as a Man laid, a Dcm»o koc ft&um esi--^ it
is
CiVtl and Moral. 9
is God's work, and it is marvellous in our eyes : (bin this particular it was moft admi- rable 5 for it came forth firft by a Comple- ment, a matter of Courtefy. My Lord of Shrerfshtry^ that is now with God, recom- mended to a Councellor of State, ( of (pe- cial Truft by his place) the late Lieutenant * Helvpiffe, only for Acquaintance, as an ho- i„*^'"iy^ neft and worthy Gentleman, and defired wotuiii him to know him, and to be acquainted with ^f^^'. him. That Councellor anfwered him civil- i,J^sir ^ ly. That my Lord did him a favour, and ^^^^'^ that he (hould embrace it willingly 3 but he k. 7^^, muft let his Lordlhip know, that there did P- 107. lie a heavy imputation upon that Gentleman, if^Xuc Helrvijffe^ for that Sir T/20. Overhury^ his Pri- c«f«/».p.' foner,was thought to have come to a violent ^^j/^/^j^ and an untimely Death. When this Speech sir w. was reported back by my Lord of Shrervf ^"f^^f'^r bury to Helmffe, pcra/JJit Hub animum^ he Eng.Tova^ was ftrucken with it, and being a politick %l'J^^' Man, and of likelihood doubting, that the in'^^^^y, matter would break forth at one time or o- ^*'">'«- ther, and that others might have the ftart of '^* ^^^' him, and thinking to make his own Cafe by his own Tale, refolved with himfelf upon this occafion, todifcoverunto my Lord of Shrewsbury^ and that Councellor, that there was an Attempt ( whereunto he was privy) to have poifoned Overlmry^ by the hands of
his
1 o Tl?e Lord Bacon's ^mainsy
his Underkeeper, WcHon 5 but that he checked it, and put it by, and diffwaded it. But then he left it thus, that it was but as an Attempt, or an untimely Birth, never exe- cuted 5 and as if his own Fault had been no more, but that he was honeft in forbidding;, but fearful of revealing, and impeaching or accufing great Perfons. And lb with this fine point thought to lave himfelf
But that Councellor of Eftate wifely con- fidering, that by the Lieutenant's own Tale it could not be fimply a PermilTion, or Weaknefs:, for that Mejio?2 was never difpla- ced by the Lieutenant, notwithftanding that Attempt ; and coupling the Sequel by the be- ginning,thought it matter fit to be brought be- fore his Majefty, bvwhofe appointment Hel- Tpjjje fet down the like Declaration in writing.
Upon this Ground the King playeth Sulo- pt07h part, gloria. Dei cclarc rcm^ & gloria, Regis inzejiigare rcm^ and fets down certain Papers of his own hand, which I might term to be CUves Ji/Jhti£ , Keys of Juftice, and may fcrve both for a Precedent for Pri?;ces to imitate, and for a Diredtion for J fudges to follow. And his Majefty carried the Ballance with aconftantandfteady hand, evenly and without prejudice, whether it were a true Accufation of the one part, or a Practice and faftious Scandal of the other.
Which
Civil and Moral
Which Writing, becaufe I am not able to cxpre(s according to the worth thereof^ I will defire your Lordlhips anon to hear read.
This excellent Foundation of Juftice being laid by his Majefties own hand, it was re- ferred unto feme Councellors to examine further, who gained fome Degrees of Light from Wefion^ but yet left it imperfeft.
After it was referred to Sir Ed, C^<?4o Chief Juftice of the Kings Bench, as a Perfon beft pradifed in Legal Examinations, who took a great deal of indefatigable pains in it with- out intermiflion, having (as I have heard him (ay ) taken at leaft three hundred Exa- minations in this Bufinels.
But thefe things were not done in a Cor- ner, I need not fpcak of them. It is true, that my Lord Chief Juftice, in the dawning and opening of the Light, finding the matter touched upon thefe great Perfon?, very dif- erectly became Suitor to the King, to have greater Perfons than his own Rank joined witli him ; whereupon your Lordftiips, my Lord High Steward of England^ my Lord Steward of the King's Houle, and my Lord Zouch^ Vv ere joined with him.
Neither wanted there (this while) Pra- ftice to fupprefs Teftimony, to deface Wri- tings, to weaken the Kings Refclution, to
flander
1 1
1 1 TJye Lord Bacon's ^mains^
flailder the Juftice, and the like. Nay when it came to the firft (blemn.Aft of Juftice, which was the Arraignment of Wefton^ he had his lefTon to ftand mute, which had ar- retted the whole Wheel of Juftice : but this dumb Devil, by the means of fome difereet Divines, and the potent Charm of Juftice together, was caft out ^ neither did this poifonous Adder ftop his Ear to thefe ' Charms, but relented, and yeilded to his Trial.
Then followed the other Proceedings of Juftice againft the other Offenders, Turner^ Helwijfe^ Franklin,
But all thefe being but the Organs and In- ftruments of this Fad, ( the Adtors, and not the Authors) Juftice could not have been crowned without this laft Ad againft thefe great Perfbns 5 elfe Wefions Cenfure or Pre- didion might have been verified, when he (aid, He hoped the fmall Flies Jljould not be caught^ and the greater efiape. Wherein the King, being in great ftraits between the defa- cing of his Honour and of his Creature, hath (according as he ufeth to do) cholen the bet- ter part, referving always Mercy to himfelf
The time alfo of Juftice hath had its true Motions. The time until this Ladies dehve- rance was due unto Honour, Chriftianity, and Humanity, in refped of her great Belly.
The,
Civil and Moral
The time fince was due to another kind of Deliverance too,which was,that (bme Caufes ofEftate which were in the Womb might likewife be brought forth, not for matter of Juftice, but for Reafon of State. Likewife this laft Procraftination of Days had the like weighty Grounds and Caufes.
But ( my Lords ) where I (peak of a Stage, I doubt I hold vou upon the Stage too long. But before I pray Judgment, I pray your Lordfhips to hear the Kings Pa- pers read, that you may fee how well the King was infpired, and how nobly he carried it, that Innocency might not have fo much as Afperfion. " —
Frances^ Gountefs of Somerfet ^ hath been indided and arraigned, as accef- fary before the Fad, for the Murder and Impoifbnment of Sir Tho, Overbitry^ and hath pleaded guilty, and confefleth the Indidment : I pray Judgment a^ gainft the Prifoner.
»5
The
\ 4 Tha Lord Bacon's ^mainsy
The Charge of Sir Francis Bacon, his JMajeUks Mtourmy ^eneral^ by way of Evidence J before the Lord High Steward^ and the Teersy againjl Robert Earle of Somerfet , concerning the poifoning of O verbury .
IT may pleafe your Grace, my Lord High Steward o^England^ and you my Lords the Peers , You have here before you Robert Earl of Somerfet^ to be tried for his Life, concerning the procuring and con- fenting to the Impoifonment of Sir Thomas Overhury^ then the King's Prifoner in the Tower of London^ as an AcceiTary before the Fad.
I know your Lord(hips cannot behold this Nobleman, but you muft remember his great favour with the King, and the great Place that he hath had and born, and muft be fenfible that he is yet of your Number and Body, a Peer as you are , fo as you cannot cut him off from your Body but with grief 5 and therefore ■ that you will expedt from us, that give in the
Kings
Civil ajid SMoraL i J
King's Evidence, found and fufficient matter of Proof, to fatisfy your Honours and Con- (ciences.
And for the manner of the Evidence alfo, the Ring our Mafter ( who among his other Vertues, excelleth in that Vertue of the Im- perial Throne, which is Juftice ) hath given us Commandment that we fliould not expa- tiate, nor make Invedives, but materially purliie the Evidence, as it conduceth to the Point in queftion , a matter that ( tho ve are glad of fo good a Warrant ) yet we (hould have done of our lelves ^ for far be it from us, by any drains of Wit or Art to (eek to play Prizes, or to blazon our Names in Blood, or to carry the Day otherwife than upon juft Grounds. We lliall carry the Lanthorn of Juftice ( which is the Evidence ) before your Eyes upright, and be able to fave it from being put out with any Winds of Evafions, or vain Defences, that is our part 5 not doubting at all, but that this Evidence in it (elf will carry that force, as it (liall little need Vantages or Ag- gravations.
My Lords, The Courfe which I fhall hold in delivering that which I (hall fay ( for I love Order J- is this.
i\6 Tlje Lord Bacon's f^emaim,
' FirU^ I will rpeakfbme what of the nature . and greatnefs of the Offence which is now to be tried, and that the King, however he might ufe this Gentleman heretofore, as the Signet upon his Finger ( to ufe the Scripture Phrafe ) yet in this Cafe could not but put him off, and deliver him into the hands of Juftice.
Secondly^ I will ufe fome few words tou- ching the Nature of the Proofs, which in (uch a Cafe are competent.
Thirdly^ I will ftate the Proofs.
And laBly^ I will produce the Proofs, either out of the Examinations and Matters in Writing, or Witneffes viva voce.
For the Offence it felf ^ it is of Crimes ( next unto High-Trea(bn ) the greateft 3 it is the fbulefi: of Fellonies. And take this Offence with the Circumftances, it hath three Degrees or Stages 5 that it is Murder 5 that it is Murder by Impoife)nment 5 that it is Murder committed upon the Kings Pri- (bner in the Tower : I might (ay, that it is Murder under the Colour of Friendfhip 3 but that is a Circumftance moral, I leave that to the Evidence it felf
For Murder, my Lords, the firfl: Record of Juftice which was in the World was a Judgment upon Murder, in the perfbn of
Adam's
CiVtl and Moral. 17
^dam\ firfl: born, Cain : And though it were not punillied by Death, but with Ba- nifhment and mark of Ignominy, in refpeft of the primogeniture, or of the populati- on of the World, or other points of God's (ccret Will, yet it was adjudged, and was ( as I (aidj) the firft Record of Juftice. So it appearcth likewi(e in Scripture, that the murder of Ahncy^ by '^onh^ though it were by David rcfpited in refpeft of great Ser- vices part:, or Realbn of State, yet it was not forgotten. But of this I will fay no more. It was ever admitted, and lb ranked in God's own Tables, that Murder is of offences between Man and Man f next to Trcafon and Difbbedience of Authority, which fbme Divines have referred to the Firft Table, becaule of the Lieutenancy of God in Princes and Fathers J the greateft.
For Impoifbnment, I am forry it (hould be heard of in this Kingdom : It is not ;/<?- Jiri gef;eris vec Jangitinis ^ It is an Italian Crime fit for the Court of Rome^ where that Perfon that intoxicateth the Kings of the Earth with his Cup of Poifbn in Here- tical Dodrine, is many times really and materially intoxicated and impoifoned him- felf
But it hath three Circumfiances^ which
make it grievous beyond other Murders:
C Whereof
1 8 The Lord Bacon's ^niainsj
Whereof the firji is, That it takes a Man in full Peace , in Gods and the Ring's Peace 5 He thinks no harm, but is comfor- ting Nature with Refedion and Food : So that fas the Scripture faithj His Table is made a Snare.
The fecof/d is, That it is eafily commit- ted, and eafily concealed^ and on the other fide, hardly prevented, and hardly difcovered : For Murder by violence Princes have Guards, and private Men have Houlls, Attendants, and Arms : Nei- ther can fuch Murders be committed but cum fomtu^ and with fbme overt and appa- rent A(ft, that may difcover and trace the Offender. But for Poifbn, the (aid Cup it felf of Princes will fcarce ferve, in regard of mawy Poifbns, that neither difcolour nor difi:aft , and fo pafleth without noife or ob- fervation.
And the laft is, Becaufe it containeth not only the deftrudion of the maliced Man, but of any other , ^is modo tutus erit ^ For many times the Poifon is prepared for one, and is taken by another : So that Men die other Mens Deaths ^ Cofjcidit infelix alieno iidnere : and it is as the Pfalm cal- leth it, Sagitta voUe volans , The Arrow that pics by nighty it hath no aim or certainty.
Now
Civil and Moral, i ^
Now for the third Degree of this particu- lar Offence, which is, that it was commit- ted upon the King's Prifoncr, who was out of his own Defence, and meerly in the King's protedion, and for whom the King and State was a kind of Refpondent, it is a thing that aggravates the Fault much. For certainly fmy Lord of Somerfet) let me tell you this, That Sir Tho. Overhnry is the firft Man that was murdered in the Tower of London^ fince the murder of the two young Princes.
For the Nature of the Proofs, yottr LordJJjips muft conlider, that Impoifbnment, of Offences is the moft fccret : So (ecret, as if in all Cafes of Impoifonment you fhould require Tcftimony, you were as good pro- claim Impunity. I will put Book-Exam- ples.
Who could have impeached Livia^ by Teftimony, of the impoifoning of the Figs upon the Tree, which her Hufband was wont, for his pleafure, to gather with his own hands.
Who could have impeached T^arifitis for the poilbning of one fide of the Knife that fhe carved with, and keeping the other fide clean 5 (b that her (elf did eat of the fame piece of Meat that the Lady did that (he did impoifbn ? The Cafes are infinite, (and C 2 indeed
lo IheLord Bacon's fl^em^mj,
indeed not fit to be (poken of) of the (e- crecy of Impoifbnments 5 But wife Triers muft take upon them, in thefe fecret Cafes, Solomot/s Spirit, that where there could be no Witneiles, colleded the Ad by the Af- fedion.
But yet we are not to come to one Cafe: For that which your Lordfiip are to try, is notthe'Ad of Impoifonment (for that is done to your hand) all the World by Law is concluded, but to fay that Overbury was impoifoned by Mefion. But the Queftton before you is of the procurement only, and of the abetting (as the Law termeth it) as acceflary before the Fad : Which abetting is no more, but to do or ufe any Ad or Means, which may aid or conduce unto the Impoifonment.
So that it is not the buying or iiiaking of the Poifbn,orthe preparing, or confeding, or commixing of it, or the giving or fend- ing, or laying the Poifbn, that are the on- ly Ads that do amount unto Abetment. But if there be any other Ad or Means done or ufe^d, to give the opportunity of Impoiibnment, or to facilitate the executi- on of it, or to flop or divert any impedi- ments that might hinder it, and this be with an intention, to accomplifh and atchieve the Impoifonment ^ all thefe are Abetments,
and
Chnl and Moral i \
and Acceflaries before the Faft. I will put you a familiar Example. Allow there be a Confpiracy to murder a Man as he jour- nies by the ways and it be one Man's part to draw him forth to that Journey by invi- tation, or by colour of (bmebufinefs^ and another takes upon him to diflwade (bme Friend of his, whom he had a purpofe to take in his Company, that he be not too ftrong to make his defence ; And another hath the part to go along with him, and to hold him in talk till the firft blow be given. Ail thefe (^wy Lords ^ without fcru pie are Abetters to this Murder, though none of them give the Blow, nor aflift to give the Blow.
My Lords^ he is not the Hunter alone that lets flip the Dog upon the Deer, but he that lodges the Deer, or raifes him, or * puts him out, or he that (ets a Toyle that he cannot efcape, or the like. r But this (^mji Loi-ds^ little needeth in this prefent Cafe, where there is fuch a Chain of Afts of Impoifonment as hath been fcldom feen, and could hardly have been expcded, but that Greatnefs of For- tune makcth commonly Groffncfs in of- fending.
To defcend to the Proofs themiclves, I (hall keep this courfe.
C ^ Firfr,
1 1 7k Lord Bacon s ^mainsy
FirB^ I will make a Narrative or De- claration of the Faft it felf. Secofidly^ I will break and diftribute the Proo^, as they concern the Pri» foner. And thirdly^ according to that diftribu- tion, I will produce them, and read them, or ufe them. So that there is nothing that I (hall fay, but your Lordftiip (my Lord of Sower- Jet) (hall have three thoughts or cogitati- ons to anfwer it : F/ri?, when I open it, you may take your aim ; Secondly^ when I diftribute it, you may prepare your An- fwers without confufion : And lafily^ when I produce the Witneffes, or Examinations themfelves, you may again ruminate and readvife how to make your defence. Ancl this I do the rather, becaufe your Memory or Underftanding may not be opprefled or overladen with length of Evidence, or with confufion of order. Nay more, when your Lordfhip fhall make your Anfwfrs in your time, I will put you in mind ( when cauie (hall be) of your omiffions.
Firji therefore, for the fimple Narrative of the Fadt. Sir Tko, Overbury^ for a time was known to have had great Tnterefl", and great Friendfhip with my Lord of Somer- Jet^ both in his meaner Fortunes, and after:
Info-
Qvil and .'Moral, 2}
Infbmuch as he was a kind of Oracle of Diredion unto him 5 and if you will be- lieve his own vaunts (being of an infblent Thrafomcal difpofition) he took upon him, that the Fortune, Reputation, and Un- derftanding of this Gentleman (who is well known to have had a better Teacher) proceeded from his Company and Coun- fel.
And this FriendQiip refted not only in Converfation and Bufinefs of Court, but likewife in Communication of Secrets of Eftatc. For my Lord of Somerfit^ at that time, exercifing (by his Ma jellies fpe- cial favour and truft) the Oihce of the Se- cretary provifionally,did not forbear to ac- quaint Overbitry with the King's Packets of Dilpatches from all parts, Spaw^ Frafice^ the Low Countries^ 8cc. And this not by glimpfes, or now and then rounding in the Ear for a favour, but in a letled manner : Packets were fent, fometimes opened by my Lord, fometimes unbroken unto O-L-er- hury^ who perafed them, copied, regiftred them, made Tables of them as ha thought good : So that I will undertake, the time was, when Overbitry knew more of the Se- crets of State, than the Council Table did. Nay, they were grown to fuch an inward- nefs, as they made a Play of all the World C 4 befides
24 The Lord Bacon's ^mms^
befides themfelves : So as they had Ciphers and Jargons for the King, the Queen, and all the great Men ^ things (eldom ufed, but cither by Princes, and their Embafladours and Minifters, or by (lich as work and praftife againft, or at leaft upon Prin- ces.
But undcrftand me (my Lord) I (hall not charge you this day with any Difloy al- ly 5 only I fay this for a foundation. That there was a great communication of Se- crets between you and Overhury^ and that it had relation to Matters of Eftate, and the greateft Cau(cs of this Kingdom.
But (my Lords) as it is a principle in Nature, that the beft things are in their corruption the worft; And the fvveetcil: Wine makes the (liarpeft Vinegar : So fell it out with them, that this excels (as I may term it) of Friendihip, ended in mor- tal Hatred on my Lord of Somerfefs part.
For it fell out, (bme twelve months be- fore Overhmys imprifonmcnt in the Tower, that my Lord of Somerjet was cntred into an unlawful love towards his uijfortunate Lady,then Counters of Ejjex , which went fo far, as it was then fecretly projeded (chiefly between ray Lord Privy Seal and my Lord of Sop/teyjet) to efFed a Nullity
in
Civil and Moral
m the Marriage with my Lord of Fffix^ and fo to proceed to a Marriage with iS"^- merfet.
This Marriage and Purpofe did Overbury mainly oppugn, under pretence to do the true part of a Friend (for that he counted her an unworthy Woman) but the truth was, that Overbttry^ who (to fpeak plainly) had little that was fohd for Religion or Moral Vertue, but was a Man pofleiled with Am- bition and vain Glory, was loth to have any Partners in the f ivour of my Lord of Somerfet^ and fpecially not the Hottfe of the Howards^ againft whom he had always pro- fefied hatred and oppofition. So all was but miferable Bargains of Ambition.
And (wy Lords) that this is no (inifter conftruftion, will well appear unto you, when you (hall hear that Overhi^ry makes his brags to my Lord of Scmcrfit^ that he had won him the love of the Lady by his Letters and Induftry : So far was he from Cafes of Confcience in this Matter. And certainly (my Lords) hov^^foever the tra- gical miiery of that poor Gentleman Over- bury ought fomewhat to obliterate his Faults 5 yet bccaufe we are not now upon point of Civility, but to diicover the Face of Truth to the Face of Juftice : And that it is material to the true underftanding of
the
M
26 Tl^e Lord BsLCons ^mains^
the ftateof this Caufe, Overburj/W2is nought and corrupt, theBalladesmuft be amended for that point.
But to proceed, When Overhirj/ikw that he was like to be difpoflefled of my Lord here, whom he had poffeffed (b long, and by whofe Greatnefs he had promifed him- (elf to do wonders , and being a Man of an unbounded and impetuous fpirit, he be- gan not ^nly to diflwade, but to deter him from that Love and Marriage, and finding him fixed, thought to try ftronger Reme- dies, (iippofing that he had my Lords Head under his Girdle, in refped of com- munication of Secrets of Eftate, or (as he calls them himfelf in his Letters, Secrets of all Natures) and therefore dealt violently with him, to make him defift, with menaces of Difcovery of Secrets, and the like.
Hereupon grew two ftreams of hatred upon Overhttry 5 The one from the Lady, in refpeft that he crofTed her Love,and abuled her Name, which are Furies to Women 3 The other of a deeper and more Mineral Nature from my Lord of Somerfet himfelf^ who was afraid of Overktrys Nature, and that if he did break from him and fly out, he would mine into him, and trouble his •whole Fortunes.
I,
CiVtl and MoraL
I might add a third ftream from the Earl of Northampton's Ambition, who defires to be firft in favour with my Lord oCSoffierfet^ and knowing Overburys mahce to himfelf^ and hisHoufc, thought that Man muft be removed and cut off So it was amongft them refolved and decreed, that Overhiry muft die.
Hereupon they had variety of Devices. To (end him beyond Sea, upon occafion of Employment, that was too weak 5 and they were (b far from giving way to it, as they croft it. There refted but two ways. Quarrel or Affault, and Poilbn. For that of Allault, after fbme propofition and at- tempt, they palled from it 5 It was a thing too open, and lubjeft to more variety of chances. That of Poilbn likewile was a hazardous thing, andlubjeft to many pre- ventions and cautions, efpecially to luch a jealous and working Brain as Overbury had, except he were firft faft in their hands.
Therefore the way was firft to get him into a Trap, and lay him up, and then they could not mils the Mark. Therefore in exe- cution of this Plot, it was deviled, that Ozerhury (hould be deligned to fbme ho- nourable Employment in Foreign Parts, and (hould under-hand by the Lord of So- mrfet be encouraged to refiifeit^ and (b
upon
^7
X 8 The Lord Bacon's ^mainsy
upon that contempt he (hould be laid Pri- (bner in the Tower, and then they would look he fhouldbeclofe enough, and Death (hould be his Bail. Yet were they not at their end. For they confidered, that if there was not a fit Lieutenant of the Tower for their purpofe, and likewife a fit under-keeper of Overbury : Fir^^ They (hould meet with many Impediments in the giving and exhibiting the Poifbn ; 6*^- condly^ They (hould be expofed to note and obfervation, that might difcover them : And thirdly^ Overbury in the mean time might write clamorous and furious Letters to other his Friends, and fo all might be difappointed. And therefore the next Link of the Chain, was to difplace the then Lkutetiattt Waade^ and to place Helrvijfe a. principal Abetter in the Impoilbnment : Again, to difplace Cary^ that was the under- Keeper in Waades time^ and to place We- ftort^ who was the principal Aftor in the Impoifbnment : And this was done in fuch a while (that it may appear to be done, as it were with one breath) as there were but fifteen days between the commitment of Overbury^ the difplacing of Waade^ the pla- cing of Helwjjfe^ the difplacing of Gary the nnder-Keeper,the placing of Wejlon^^Xidi the firft Poifon given two days after.
Then
CM and SMoral. 29
Then when they had this poor Gentle- man in the Tower clofe Prilbncr, where he could not efcape nor ftir, where he could not feed but by their Hands, where he could not rpeak nor write but through their Trunks 5 then was the time to execute the laft Ad of this Tragedy.
Then muft Franklin be purveyour of the Poifons, and procure five, fix, (even feveral Potions, to be fiire to hit his Com- plexion. Then muft Mris Turner be the Say- Mijiris of the Poifons to try upon poor Beafts, whats prefent, and what works at diftance of time ! Then muft Wefion be the Tormenter, and chale him withPoifon after Poifon, Poifon in Salts, Poifon in Meats, Poifon in Sweetmeats, Poifon in Medicines and Vomits, until at laft his Body was al- moft come, by ufe of Poifons, to the ftate that Mithridates Body was by the ufe of Treacle and Preiervatives, that the force of the Poifons were blunted upon him : We- fion confefling, when he was chid for not dispatching him, that he had given him enough to poifon twenty Men. JLafily^ Be- caufe all this asked time, courfos were taken by Somerfet^ both to divert all means of Overbnrfs Delivery, and to entertain Over- imry by continual Letters, partly of Hopes and Projects for his Delivery, and partly
of
The Lord Bacon's ^emainsy
of other Fables and Negotiations 5 (bme- what like Ibme kind of Perfbns ( which I will not name) which keep Men in talk of Fortune-telling, when they have a felloni- ous meaning.
And this is the true Narrative of this Ad of Impoifonraent, which I have (iimmarily recited.
Now for the Diftribution of the Proofs, there are four Heads of Proofs to prove you guilty (my Lord of Somerfet) of this Impoifbnment ^ whereof two are prece- dent to the Imprifonment, the third is pre- fent, and the fourth is following or (ubfe- quent : For it is in Proofs,as it is in Lights 5 there is a dired Light, and there is a re- flexion of Light, or Back-Light.
The firfi Head or Proof thereof is. That there was a root of Bitternefs, a mortal Malice or Hatred, mixed with deep and bottomlefs Fears, that you had towards Sir Thomas Overbmy.
The fecond is, That you were the prin- cipal Aftor, and had your hand in all thofe Acts, which did conduce to the Impoifbn- ment, and which gave opportunity and means to efFed it 5 and without which the Impoifonment could never have been, and which could ferve or tend to no other end, but to the Impoifonment.
The
Civil and Moral
The third is, That your hand was in the very Impoifonment it lelf^ which is more than needs to be proved 3 that you did dired Poifbn, that you did deHver Poilbn, that you did continually hear- ken to the (iiccels of the Impoifon- ment, and that you fpurred it on, and cal- led for diipatch, when you thought it lin- gred.
And lajiljf. That you did all the things after the Impoifonment, which may deted a guilty Confcience for the (mothering of it, and avoiding puniQiment for it, which can be but of three kinds. That you fiip- prefled, as much as in you was,Teftimony: That you did deface, and deftroy, and clip, and mifdate all Writings that might give light to the Impoifonment --, and that you did fly to the Altar of Guiltinefs, which is a Pardon, and a Pardon of Murder, and a Pardon for your Self, and not for your Lady.
In this (my Lord) I convert my (peech to you, becaufe I would have you attend the Points of your Charge, and fo of your Defence the better. And two of thefo Heads I have taken to my folf^ and left the other two to the King's two Serje- ants.
For the frji main part, which is the
mortal
j«
3 2 Tl:e Lord Bacon's ^mainsj
mortal Hatred coi::pled with Fear, that was in my Lord of Somerfet towards Overbwy^ although he did palliate it with a great deal of hypocrifie and diffimulation even to the end 5 I '(hall prove it (^my Lord Steward^ and 3^ou my Lords and T^eers ) manifcftly, ' oy matter both of Oath and Writing. The root of this Hatred was that that hath coft many a Man s Life ^ that is, Fear of difco- vering Secrets. Secrets (I fay) of- a high and dangerous nature , wherein the courfe that I will hold (hall be this.
Firsf 5 I will fhew that fuch a Breach and Malice was between my Lord and Ozjer- htiry^ and that it burft forth into violent Menaces and Threats on both fides.
Secondly , That thefe Secrets were not light, but of a high nature, for I will give you the Elevation of the Pole. They were fuch as my Lord of Somerfet for his part had made a Vow, That Overhury (hould neither live in Court nor Country. That he had likewife opened himlelf, and his own fears (b far, that if Over bury ever came forth of the Tower, either Overbmy or himfelf muft die for it. And of Overbmy s part, he had threatned my Lord, That whether he did live or die, m.y Lord's fhame (hould never die, but he would leave him themoft odious Man of the World. And farther
that
Civil and Moral 3}
that my Lord was like enough to repent it, in the place where Overbtiry wrote, which was the Tower of London. He was a true Prophet in that ; So here in the height of the Secrets.
Thirdly^ I will (hew you, that all the King s Bufinefs was by my Lord put into Overbtiry 'i Hands : So as there is work enough for Secrets, whatfoever they were. And like Princes Confederates, they had their Ciphers and Jargofrs.
And lajily 5 I will Ihew you that it is but a Toy to (ay that the Malice was only in refped he fpakc dilhonourably of the La- dy 5 or for doubt of breaking the Marri- age : For that Overbury was a Coadjutor to that Love, and the Lord of Somerfet was as deep in (peaking ill of theLady,asO^'er/7/7;;)'. And again, it was too late for that Matter, for the Bargain of the Match was then made and paft. And if it had been no more but to remove Overbury from difturbing of the Match, it had been an eafy matter to have banded over Overbury beyond Seas, for which they had a fair way 5 but that would not (erve their turn.
And laftly, Pericuhm perkulo vwcitur^ to go (b far as an Impoiibnment, muft have a deeper malice than flaflies : For the Caufe miift: bear a proportion to the EfFed.
D For
3 4 Tl^^ Lord Bacon's ^mainsj
For the next general Head of Proofs, which confifts in Afts preparatory to the middle Ads, they are in eight (everal points of the Compafs, as I may term it.
Firji ^ That there were devices and'pro- jeds to difpatch Overhmy^ or to overthrow him, plotted between the Counted of SoKTcrJet^ the Earl of Somerfet^ and the Earl of Northampto}7^ before they fell upon the Impoifonment : For always before Men fix upon a courfe of Mifchief, there be (bme rejedions^ but die he muft one way or other.
Secondly-^ That my Lord o^ Somerfet was principal Pradicer (I muft fpeak it) in a moft perfidious manner, to fet a Train or Trap for OverLury to get him into the- Tower ^ without wliich they never durft have attempted the Impoifonment.
Thirdly :, That the placing of the Lieute- nant Helwjjje one of the Impoifoners, and the difplacing of iVuade^ was by the means of my Lord of Somerfet.
FourtrAy 5 That the placing of Wejiomhc under-Keeper, who was the principal Im- poiibncr, and the difplacing of Cary^ and the doing of all this within fifteen days af- ter Ovcrbiirys Commitment, was by the means and countenance of my Lord of So?}.'crfit, And thefe two were the adtive
Inftru-
Cml and Moral. ] 5
Inftruments of the Impoifonment r And this was a Bufinefs that the Ladies power could not reach unto.
Fifthlji ^ That becau(c there muft be a time for the Tragedy to be afted, and chiefly becaufe they would not have the Poifbns work upon the fudden : And for that the ftrength of Overburys Nature, or the very cuftom of receiving Poifon into his Body, did overcome the Poifbns that they wrought not fo fad:, therefore Over- bnry muft be held in the Tower. And as my Lord of Somafet got him into the Trap, (b he kept him in, and abu(ed him with continual hopes of Liberty 5 and di- verted all the true and effedual means of his Liberty, and made light of his Sicknels and Extremities.
Sixthly 5 That not only the Plot of get- ting Overhury into the Tower, and the de^ vices to hold him and keep him there, but the ftrange manner of his dole keeping (being in but for a Contempt) was by the device and means of my Lord of So^ merfet^ who denied his Father to (ee him^ denied his Sers^nts that offered to be (hut up clofe Prifoncrs with him, and in efFed handled it i[\ that he Vv^as dole Prifbner to all his Friends, and open and expofed to all his Enemies.
D 2 Seventhly^
T/;e Lord Bacon's ^mainSj
Sevetithly^ That the Advertifement which my Lady received from time to time, from the Lievtenafit or T')^/?^;/, touching Overbu" rys ftate of Body or Health, were everfent up to the Court, though it were in Progrefs, and that from my Lady : fuch a thirft and liftening this Lord had to hear that he was dilpatched.
Laflly^ There was a continual Negotia- tion to (et Overburys Head on work, that he lliould make fome recognition to clear the honour of the Lady -^ and that he (hould become a good Inftrument towards her and her Friends : All which was but entertain* nient : For your Lordfliips fhall plainly fee divers of my Lord of l/^rthamptons Let- ters (whoie hand was deep in this Bufinefs) written (I muft (ay it) in dark Words and Claufcs ^ That there was one thing pre- tended, and another intended 5 That there was a real Charge, and there was (bmewhat not real 5 a main drift and a diffimulation. Nay further, there be fome paflagcs v/hich the T^cers in their wi(dom will diicern to point diredly at the Impoifbnment.
After this Inducement followed the Evi- dence it felf
The
Civil and Moral 57
The Lord Bacon'5 Letter to the Uniyer- fity of Cambridg.
Refcriptum Trocuratorls ^^is Tri??iam^ ad Academtam Cantabr'tgtenfemy quan- do in Sandtius (%g^ Confilium cooptatus fuic.
GRat£ miki frere Liters vej}r£^ atqite Gratulatiotjem vejiram ipfi mihi gratU" lor, Rem ipfam ita mihi Hot7orJ^ ^ volup- tati fore dnco^ (i in hdc mente maneam^ at Publicis Utilitatibus, jitidio indefeffo^ c> perpetnis atrk^ d^ pnro ajfeBu^ inferwam. Inter partes autem T:^ipnhlic£^ miUa yttiimo meo char J or eji^ quam Academic d^^ Liter.T. Idque ^ vita mea utiteaUa dedarat^O' fcripta. Itaqtte quicqjtid mihi accejjerit^ id etiam voLis accejfijje exijiimare potejik. Neqj/e vero Pa- crocinium matm vobk fublatu??i ant diminsi- turn cjfe credere dehetis. Nam e> eu pars Pa- troni, qu£ ad coniiliitm it? cands exhibeffditm Jpe&at^ i?7tegra matiet 5 ^4tqne etiam ((I quid grdvius acciderii) ipfnm perorandi Muaus (licentiA Regis obtetjta) rcli&am efl 5 ^od- que Juris Patrocinio deerit^ id au&iore pote- D 3 ftatc
3 8 7he Lord Bacon's ^mainsy
jlate compenfabitur. Alrhi in zotJs e/?, ut qutmadmodum a prhatorum C^ cJknteJarum vegotik^ad GubernaculaRei publico travjlatus jam fitm , Ita. d^ poftr^ma lEtatk me£ pars ( (I vita fippetit ) etiam a publicis atris ad othtm ^ Literal dcvehi pojjit. ^uifietiam fcpim fabit iUa Cogitatio^ ut etiam m tot df* tantis Negotiis^ tamen f.ngulis annis aliquos dies apud vos deponam , Ut ex majore ve- jirarum rernm tiotitid vejlris ntilitutibus meli- us conjldere pojfim,
5.Jillij l6l6. Amicus vefier maximh
Fidclis d^ BenevoJuif,
Fr. Bacon.
The
QVil and MoraL 39
The fame in Englidi by the Publifher.
Tl:e Jnfwer of the Lord Bacon, then Attorney General, to the Univerfity o/^Cambridg, itfhen he wo/s [worn of the Privy Council to the King.
YOur Letters were very acceptable to me 5 and I give my felf joy, upon your Congratulation. The thing it felf will (I fuppofe) conduce to my Honour and Satisfadion, if I remain in the mind I now am in, by unwearied ftudy, and perpetual watchfulnefs, and pure affection, to pro- mote the T^nblkk^ Good. Now among the Parts of the Cowwo^i -wealthy there are none dearer to me than the Univerfjies^ and hearmng. And This, my fniiDicr of Life hitherto, and my Writivgs^ do both declare. If therefore any good Fortune befalls me, you may look upon it as an acceflion to yourfelves. Neither are you to believe, " that my T^atro7idge is either quite removed from you, or fo much as dimininied.For,that part of an Advocate which concerneth the giving of Connfel in Caufes,remaineth entire. Al(b (if any thing more weighty 6c urgent fallcth out) the very OSce of Pleading (the D 4 Kings
40 The Lord Bacon's ^mninsj
King's leave being obtained) is ftill allowed me. And whatfoever (hall be found wan- ting in my Juridical Patronage, will be com- penlated by my more ample Authority. My wilhes are, that as I am tranflated from the Bullnefs of private Men, and particular Clients, to the Government of the Com- mon-wealth 5 Co the latter part of my Age (if my Life be continued to me) may, from the Publick Cares, be tranflated to leifure and ftudy.
Alfo this thought comes often into my mind, amidfl: fo many Bufinefles, and of fuch moment, every year to lay afide fome days to think on Ton : That fo, having the greater inlight into your Matters,! may the better con(ult your Advantage.
July the '^th Your moll: faithful
1616.
and kind Friend,
Fr. Bacon,
Sir
CiVtl and Moral 41
Sit Francis 'Bacm's Letter to ^n^ James touching the ChanceU^s Place.
h may pleafe Tour mofi Excellent Majefiy,
YOur worthy Choj/cel/ottr * ( I fear ) ^ , goeth his laft day. God hath hitherto Egerton.' ufed to weed out (uch Servants as grew not fit for Your Majefiy. But now He hath gather'd to Himfelf one of the choicer Plants in Your Mdjefiies Garden. But Your Majefiks Service muft not be mortal.
Upon this heavy Accident, I pray your
Majefiy^ in all humblenefs and fincerity, to
give me leave to ufe a few words. I muft
never forget when I moved your Majefiy
for the Attm'ney% Place^ that it was your
own fole Ad, and not my Lord oj Somcr-
fit's •-) who, when he knev/ your Majefiy
had reiblv'd it, thruft himfelf into the Bufi-
ne(s to gain thanks. And therefore I have
no reafbn to fray to Saints.
I fhall now again make Oblation to your Majefiy ^ firft of my Heart 5 then of my Service 5 thirdly, of my Place of Attorney:) and fourthly, of my Place in the Star- Chamber.
I hope I may be acquitted of Preliimp-
tion.
41 TZ^e I or J Bacon's ^mains^
tion, if I think of it 5 both becaule my Father had the Place, which is (bme civil inducement to my defire, ( and I pray God your Majefty may have twenty no worfe years than Qiften Elizabeth had in her Model after my Fathers placing) and chiefly becaule the Chancellor's place, after it went to the Law,was ever conferred upon fbme ofthe Learned Coun(el,and never upon a Judg. For Audley was railed from King s Serjeant 5 my Father from Attorney of the Wards , Bromlk from Sollicitor 5 Pucl^- rittg from Queen's Serjeant 5 Egerton from Mafter of the Rolls, having newly left the
Attorney's place.
For my ielfj lean only prefent your Ma- jefty with Gloria in Obfequio ^ yet I dare promi(e, that if I fit in that Place, your Bufinefs ftiall not make fuch ftiort turns up- on you as it doth ^ But when a Diredion is once given, it (hall be purfiied and per- ' formed : And your Majefty ftiall only be troubled with the true Care of a King 5 which is to think what you would have done in chief 5 and not kovo for the Pafla- ges.
I do prefume alio, in refped of my Fa- ther's Memory, and that I have been al- ways gracious in the Lower-Houfe^ I have (bme intereft in the Gentlemen ofEngla/fd-^
and
CiVtl and Moral,
and (hall be able to do fome good EfFed in redifying that Body of Parliament, which is CardpKernm. For, let mc tell }'our Ma- jefty, That that part of tlic Chancellors place, which is to judg in equit)- between Paity and Partv, that (ame Rcgjntnrjudici- ale (which fince mv Father's time is but too much enlarged ) concerncth your Majefty leaft, more than the acquitting of your Confcience for Juftice. But it is the othti- Farts of a J^lodcrator amongfl: your Coitncil-^ of an Overfier over your Jttdges , of a Planter of fit Jujiicef and Goverr7ors in the Country, that importeth your Affairs, and •thefe Times, moft.
• I .i'ill add likewifc, that I hope, by my Care, the hz'entive Part of your Council will be ftrengthned ; who, now common- ly, do exercife rather their Judgments than their Inventions x, and the Inventive Part cometh from Projeftors, and Private Men ^ which cannot be fb well : In Vv hich kind my Lord of Salishiry had a good Me- thod.—
To conclude 5 If I were the Man I would be, I (hould hope, that as your Majefty of late hath won Hearts by Deprefiing, you Ihould in this lofe no Hearts by Advan- cing. For I fee your People can better gkili o^CotJcretum than Ahjira&um 5 and that
the
4J
44 T)!^ I^ord Bacon's ^mains,
the Waves of their AfFedlion flow rather after Perfons than Things. So that Ads of this nature (if this were one) do more good than twenty Bills of Grace.
If God call my Lord Chancellor^ the Warrants and Commiflions which are re- quilite for the taking of the Seal^ and for working with it, and for reviving of Warrants under his Hand, which die with him, and the like, (hall be in readinefs. And in this Time preffeth more, becaufe it is the end of a Term, and almoft the be- ginning of the Circuits , fo that the Seal cannot ftand ftill. But this may be done as heretofore, by Commijfiof?^ till yourM<- jefiy hath refolved on an Officer, God ever preferve your Majejly,
Your Majefties moft
humble Subjed, and
bounden Servant,
J**. Bacon,
J
CM and JMoral. 4 J ^
^ Letter written ^ hy the Lord Bacon *-^*''»'^
jtar
dnd
to ^}ig James, for ^lief of his h^f after EUate* mxMt.
May it pleafe yottr tnofi Excellent Mc^efiy*
IN the midft of my mifery, which is ra- ther affwaged by Remembrance than by Hope 5 my chiefefk worldly comfort is, to think, That fince the time I had the firft Vote of the Commons Houfe of Parliament for Commiffioner of the Union, until the time that I was this laft Parliament, cho(en by both Houfes for their Meflenger to your Majefty in the Petition of Religion, (which two were my firft and laft Services) I was ever more (b happy as to have my poor Services gracioufly accepted by your Ma- jefty, and likewife not to have had any of them mifcarry in my Hands. Neither of which points I can any ways take to my fclf, but afcribe the former to your Maje- ftie's Goodnefs, and the latter to your pru- dent Diredions , which I was ever careful to have and keep. For as I have often faid to your Majefty, I was towards you but as a Bucket, and a Ciftern, to draw forth and conferve, your (elf was the Fountain.
Unto
4^ T7;e Lord Bacon's ^emainsy
Unto this comfort of nineteen years pro- fperity, there (iicceded a comfort even in my greateft adverfity , fomewhat of the fame nature 5 which is, That in thofe of- fences wherewith I was charged, there was not any one that had fpecial relation to your Ma jelly, or any your particular Com- mandments. For as, towards Almighty God, there are Offences againft the firft and (econd Table, and yet all againft God. So with the Servants of Kings, there are Offences more immediate againll the Sove- reign : Although all Offences againff I,aw are alio againft the King. Unto which Comfort there is added this Circumftance, That as mv Faults were not againft your Majefty, otherwife than as all Faults are 5 {b my Fall was not your Majefties Aft, otherwife than as all Ads of Juftice are yours. This I write not to iniinuate with your Majefty, but as a moft humble Ap- peal to your Majefties gracious remem- brance, how honeft and direct you have ever found me in your Service ^ whereby I have an aflured behef, that there is in your Majefties own Princely Thoughts, a great deal of (erenity and clearnefs to me your Majefties nov/proftrate and caft-down Servant.
Neither (my raoft gracious Sovereign)
do
Civil and Moral. 47
do I by this mention of my Services, lay claim to your Princely Grace and Bounty, though the priviledg of Calamity doth bear that form of Petition. I know well, had they been much more, they had been but my bounden Duty. Nay, I muft alfb confefs, that they were from time to time, far above my merit, over and (uper-rewar- ded by your Majefties Benefits which you heaped upon me. Your Majefty was and is that Mafter to me, that raifed and ad- vanced me nine times ^ thrice in Dignity, and fix times in Office. The places indeed were the painflilleft of all your Services 5 But then they had both Honour and Pro- fits : And the then Profits might have main- tained my now Honour, if I had been wife. Neither was your Majefties immedi- ate liberality wanting towards me in fome Gifts, if I may hold them. All this I do moft thankfully acknowledg, and do here- with conclude. That for any thing arifing from my felf to move your Eye of pity to- wards me, there is much more in my pre- (ent Mifery, than in my paft Services , (ave that the (ame your Majefties Goodnefs, that may give relief to the one, may give value to the other.
And indeed, if it may pleafe your Majefty, this Theme of my Milery is fo plentiful, as
it
48 The Lord Bacon's ^tminsy
it need not be coupled with any thing eKe. I have been (bme Body by your Majefties lingular and undeferved favour, even the prime Officer of your Kingdom. Your Majefties Arm hath been over mine in Council, when you prelided at the Tables fo near I was : I have born your Majefties Image in Metal, much more in Heart : I was never in nineteen years Service chidden by your Majefty, but contrariwife often over- joyed, when your Majefty would fometimes fay, I was a good Husband for you, though none for my felf : fometimes. That I had a way to deal in Bulinels ///^/to modify which w^as the way which was moft according to your own Heart ; And other moft gracious fpeeches of AfFeftion and Truft, which I feed on to this day. But why ftiould I (peak of thefe things which are now va- niflied, but only the better to exprefi the Downfal }
For now it is thus with me : I am a year and an half old in Mifery 5 though I muft ever acknowledg, not without fome mix- ture of your Majefties Grace and Mercy 5 For I do not think it po(Iible,that any you once loved ftiould be totally mi(erable. Mine own Means, through mine own Im- providence are poor and weak, little bet- ter than my Father left me. The poor
Things
Civil and Moral 49
Things which I have had from }'Our Maje- fty, are cither in Qiieftion, or at Courtefy. My Dignities remain Marks of your Favour, but Burdens of my prc(ent Fortune. The poor Remnants which I had of my formct Fortunes in Plate or Jewels, I have fpread upon poor Men unto whom I owed, fcarcc leaving my felf a convenient Subfiftcnce. So as to conclude, I muft pour out my Mi- fery before ybur Majeft}', fo far as to fay. Si deferis tu^ perimus.
But as I can offer to vour Majeffcies com- paflion little arifing from my felf to move you, except it be my extream Milery, which I have truly laid open :, fo looking up to your Majefty's own felf, I Qiould think I committed Cains fault if I (hould defpair. Your Majefty is a King, whole Heart is as unfcrutable for (ecret motions of Goodnefs, as for depth ofVVifdom. You are, Crea- tor-like, FuBive^ and not DeflruBroe. You are the Prince, in whom hath been ever noted an averfation againft any thing that favoured of an hard Heart ^ as, on the other fide, your Princely Eye was wont to meet with any motion that was made ou the relieving part. Therefore as one that hath had the happinefs to know your Ma- jefty near hand, I have ( mod Gracious Sovereign) Faith enough for a Miracle,
E much
5 o The Lord Bacon's (^rnainSy
much more for a Grace, that your Majefty will not fufFer your poor Creature to be ut- terly defaced, nor blot that Name quite out of your Book, upon which your Sa- cred Hand hath been Co oft for new Or^ namcnts and Additions.
Unto this degree of compafllon, I hope God above, ( of whofe Mercy towards me, both in my Profperity and Adverfity I have had great Teftimonies and Pledges, though mine own manifold and wretched unthankfulnefles might have averted them) will difpofe your Princely Heart, already prepared to all Piety.And why (hould I not think, but that thrice Noble Prince^ who would have pulled me out of the Fire of a Sentence, will help to pull me (if I may u(e that homely phrafe) out of the Mire of an abjeft and fordid condition in my laft days : And that excdkm Favorite of yours, ( the goodnefs of whole Nature contended! with the greatnefs of his Fortune , and who counteth it a Prize, a (econd Prize, to be a good Friend, after that Prize which he carrieth to be a good Servant ) will kifi your Hands with joy for any Work of Piety you (hall do for mQ. And as all commiierable Perfons (efpecially fach as find their Hearts void of all malice ) are apt to think that all Men pity them 5 I axiiire
my
Civil and Moral
my felf that the Lords of your Council, who out of their Wifdom and Noblenefs, can- not but be fcnlible of humane Events, will in this way which I go for the Relief of my Eftate, further and advance your Majefty s Goodnefs towards me : For there is, as I conceive, a kind of Fraternity bet^veen Great Men that are, and thofe that have been, being but the (everal Ten(es of dne Verb. Nay, I do further prefume, that both Houfcs of Parliament will love their Juftice the better, if it end not in my ruin. For I have been often told, by many of my Lords, as it v/ere in excufing the feve- rity of the Sentence, that they knew they left me in good Hands. And your Majefty knoweth well, I have been all my life long acceptable to thole Affemblies, not by flat- tery, but by moderation, and by honeft expreflingof a defire to have all things go fiirly and well.
But if it may pleafe your Majefty, ( for Saints I (hall give them Reverence, but no Adoration 5 my Addrcfs is to your Majefty the Fountaiii of Goodnels ) your Majefty (hall, by the Grace of God, not feel that in Gift, which I ftiall extreamly feel in Help : For my Defircs are moderate, and my Courfes meafured to a Life orderly and jelerved, hoping ftill to do your Majefty E 2 honour
5 1 Ihe Lord Bacon's ^mainsy
honour in my way. Only I moft humbly beleech your Majefty, to give me leave to conclude with thofe words which Neceflity fpeaketh: Help me, ( dear Sovereign Lord and Mafter ) and pity me fo far, as I that have born a Bag, be not now in my Age forced in efFeft to bear a Wallet 5 nor I that defire to live to ftudy, may not be dri- ven to ftudy to live. I moft humbly crave pardon of a long Letter, after a long fi- lence. God of Heaven ever bleis, preferve, and profper your Majefty.
¥our Majefties poor
ancient Servant
^nd Beadfinan,
Certain
Qyil and K'Moral jj
Certain apothegms of the Lord Bacon'^, hitherto unpublt[J?cd,
I. 'Y^Ltitarch faid well. It is otherwife in X a Common-wealth of <3l€ri than of Bees. The Hive of a City or Kingdom is in beft condition, when there is kali of noife or Buzze in it.
2. The iame Pktarch faid, of Men of weak Abihties fet in Great Place, that they were lik^ little Statues let on great Bafes^ made to appear the lefs by their Advance- ment.
3. He (aid again. Good Fame is like Fire, When you nave kindled it, you may eafily preferve it -^ but if once you extin- guirfi it, you will not eafily kindle it again '-, at leafl:, not make it burn as bright as it did.
4. The Anfvver of Apollonhfs to Vejpafl- . an^ is full of excellent "^ Inftrudion : Ve- thegm C' fpaduf? asked him, What was NeroV over- '*H°f^^"'i throw- ^' He anfvvered, Nero could touch and'Ly^fEtn- iune the Harp well '-^ hut in Government^ ^"'^^\!'^°7 fometimes he itfed to wind the "Pins too high, fometimcs to let them down too low. And certain it is, that nothing deftroyeth Au-
E 3 thority
J 4 The Lord B2iCons^mainSy
thority fo much as the unequal and untime- ly enterchangeof Fower prejjed too far, and relaxed too much.
5. QuQcnEhzaheth (ceing Sir Edward — • in her Garden, look'd out at her Window, and asked him in Italian^ What does a Man thinks of when he thinks of nothing .<? Sir Ed- ward (who had not had the effed of fbme of the Queen s Grants ib foon as he had hop'd and defir'd ) paufed a little, and then made anlwer, ALtdam^ He things of a Wo- man's Promifi, The ^een fhrunk in her Head, but was heard to (ay, We//^ Sir Ed- ward, I mnjl net confute you. Anger makes dtiU Men witty ^ hut it keeps them poor,
6. When any Great Officer, Ecclefiafti- cal or Civil, was to be made, the ^ccn would enquire after the Piety, Integrity, Learning of the Man. And when (he was (atisfied in theie Qualifications, (lie would confider of his Perlbnagc. And upon fuch an Occafion (he pleas'd once to fiiy to me, Baccn^ How can the Mugijirate main- tain his Authority when the Man is de- (pis'd }
7. In Eighty Eight J when the ^een went from Temple-Bar along Fleetjhret^ the Law- yers were rank'd on one fide, and the Com- panies of the City on the other 5 laid Ma- fler Bacon to a Lawyer that ftood next him,
do
Civil and Moral 55
do but obferve the Courtiers. If they bow firfl: to the Citizens, they are in Debt 3 if firft to us, , they are in Law.
8. King Ja/f/es was wont to be very ear- neft with the Country Gentlemen to go from London to their Country Houfes. And fbmetimes he would Ciy thus to them 5 Gentlemen, at London you are like Ships in a Sea^ which (liow like nothing 5 but in your Country Villages, you are like Skips in a T^ver^ which look like great things.
9. Soon after the death of a great Offi- cer, who was judged no advancer of the King's Matters, the King (aid to his Solici- tor Baron^ who was his Kinfman 5 Now tell me truly, what fay you of your Coufin that is gone ? Mr. Bacon anfwercd, Sir, fince your Majefty doth charge me, He ^ e'ne deal plainly with you, and give you (uch a character of him, as if I were to write his Story. I do think he was no fit Counlellor to make your Affairs better^ but yet he was fit to have kept them from growing worfe. The King faid, On my Sdl^ Alan^ in the firfi thou fieakeji like a True Man^ and in the latter like a Kinf- man.
10. King James^2i^ he was a Prince of great Judgment, fo he was a Princeof a marvel- lous pleafant humour 5 and there now come
E 4 into
5 6 7 he Lord Qicoas ^mainsy
into my mind two inftances of it.
As he was going through L/(/f« by Greert" mckj lie ask'd what Town it was ? they laid, Lf/feh\ He ask'd a good while after. What Town is this we are now in ? They (aid, ftill 'twas Lj/fo/. On my Sol^ (aid the King, I will be Kwg of Lufen.
11. In feme other of his Progrefi'es, he ask'd howfir 'twas to a Town whole name I have forgotten , they (aidyS'/x wiles. Half an hour after he ask'd again 5 one (aid, Six m'lle^ and an half : The King alighted out of his Coach, and crept under the Shoulder of his Led Horfe. And whenfome ask'd his Majefty what he meant, ImnU fialk,^ (aid he, for yonder Town is fiie and fks me.
12. Count Goiulomar fijnt a Complement to my Lord St. Albans^ wiihing him a good Bafier. My Lord thank'd the Meflenger, and (aid. He could not at prefent requite the Coti72t better, than in returning him the like 5 That he wifjed his Lordfi/p a good Fajfover.
13. My Lord Chancellor EZ/^^f re, when be had read a Petition which he dillik'd, would (ay 5 What I you rvoidd have my hand to thk now .<? And the Party anfwering,yes :, Ijle would fay farther , WeU^ ' fo you JImIL Nay^ you fiall huve both my hands tot* And
Civil and Moral 57
fb would, vpith both hk hands, tear it in pieces.
14. I knew a * Wifet^fun^ that had it * Seethu for a by- word, when he faw Men haften to i^J^^f a Conclufion ^ Stay a little that ive may mak^ Difp^tch^ mt end the footer, ^' ^"^^
15. Sir Francis Bacon was wont to (ay of an angry Man who (uppreffed his Pafli- on. That he thought worje than he jpake : and of an angry Man that would chide. That he j^oke worfe than he thought,
1 6. He was wont alio to {ay,That Power in an ill Man, was like the Power of a blacky Witch 5 He could do hurt, but no good vpith it. And he would add. That the Ma- gicians could turn Water into Blood, but could not turn the Blood again to Water.
17. When Mr. -Attourney Cook^, in the Exchequer, gave high words to Sr. Francis *~Baco?7^ and flood much upon his higher Place 5 Sir Francis (aid to him, M)\ Attour- ney I The kj^ you jpeak^ of your own great- nefs, the mo)'e I JImU think^ of it '-^ and the more, thele^.
18. Sir Francis Bacon coming into the Earl ofA-undel's Garden, where there were a great number of Ancient Statues of na- ked Men and Women, made a (land, and as aftonifh'd, cry ed out, The Refurre&ion.
1^. Sir Francis Tiacon (who was always • for
5 8 The Lord Bacon's ^mainsy
for moderate Counfels) when one was Ipcaking of fuch a Reformation of the Church of Etfgland^zs would in effeft make it no Church 5 (aid thus to him, Sir, The Subjed we talk of is the Eye of England : And // there be a Jfeck^ or two in the Eje^ we endeavour to take them ojf'-^ hitt he were a firange Oculiji who woM pull out the Eye,
20. The fame Sir Francis "^Bacon was wont to fay, That thofe who left ufeful
^ Studies for ufelefs Scholaftic Speculations, were like the Olympic Gamjiers, who ah' flaind from neceffary Labours^ that they might be fit for fitch as were not fio.
21. He likewife often ufed this Compa- * See th ^^^' * -^^^ Empirical T^hilofiophers are like
subfiance to Pifimires 5 they only lay up and ufe their ef thu m Store. The Rationalifis are like to Spiders^ ErLugd! they fpin all out of their own Bowels. But Bat.^.105. give me a Philofopher, who li^e the Bee, Cogita'ta K-ith a middle faculty, gathering from abroad, &vifa. but digefiing that which is gathered by his ^' ^^' own virtue.
2 2. The Lord St. Alban^ who was not overhafty to raife Theories^ but proceeded flowly by Experiments, was wont to fay to fome Philofophers who would not go his Pace 5 Gentlemen I Nature is a Labyrinth, in which the very hafi you move with willmak§ you lofie yoiir way,
23. The
CM and Moral 59
2:5. The lame Lord when he fpoke of the Dittchmeti^ ufed to fay, That we could not abandon them for our fifity^ nor keep them for our profit. Andfometimes he would exprefs the fame fenfe on this manner 5 We hold the '^elgic Lion by the Ears.
24. The fame Lord, when a Gentleman feem'd not much to approve of his Libera- lity to his Retinue,faid to him ^ Sir, I am all fffa Piece t, If the Head be lifted ///?, the ijjfe- rionr parts of the Body mttli too.
25. The Lord Bacon was wont to com- mend the Advice of the plain old Man at Buxton that fold Beefbms^ A proud lazy young Fellow came to him for a Beefbm up- on Truft 5 to whom the Old Man {aid , Friend ! haft thou no Mony ? borrow of thy Back, and borrow of thy Belly 5 they'l ne'rc ask thee again, I lliall be dunning thee every day.
2 6. Solon * faid well to Cr£fas^ (when in * see thu oflentation he ihewed him his Gold) Sir^if'^^^^^i't any other come that has better Iron than yofii^ he true ivill be mafier of all this Gold. ^'^Qn^l
2 7- 'j^^^ Weeks faid of a great Man(jufl doms. then dead) who pretended to fbmeReligi- ?• *7i' on, but was none of the beft livers 5 Well^ I hope he is in Heaven. Every Man things as he mfies ^ but if he be in Heave n^^ 'troere pity it w^re kpoivn^
Ornamenta
<$o Tlye Lord Bacon's ^mains\
Ornament a ^ationalia.
Afupply (bythePublifher) of cer- tain weighty and elegant SejitenceSj fome made, others colle(3:ed, hy the Lord Sacon ; and by him put un- der the above-faid Title ; and at prelent not to be found.
^ QoUeBlon of Sentences out of the Mimi of Publius ; Englijhed by the <Puhll(l7er.
J. A Leaf or ^ qnafith in Arte eft melm\
XjL tantb ejl nequior,
A Gamfter, the greater Mafter he is in his Art, the worfe Man he is.
2. Arcttm^ intenfio frangit 5 Ammum^ re" 9ff7Jjio.
Much bending breaks the Bow 5 much unbending, the Mind.
5. Bis lincit^ qui fivincit in Vi^oria,
He conquers twice, who upon Victory overcomes himfelf.
4. Ciim
Civil and Morai. 6i ^
4. Q«f 'vitia projifit^ peccat, ^i n3^ facit.
If Vices were upon the whole matter profitable, the virtuous Man would be the (inner.
5. Betiedormit^ quinon fintit^ quhdmale dcrmiat.
He fleeps well, who feels not that he fleeps ill.
6. Deliberare utilia^ mora eji tutijjima. To deliberate about ufeful things, is the
(afeft delay.
7. Dolor decrejcif, nbi qnh crefcat non habet.
The flood of Grief decreafeth, when it can fwell no higher.
8. Etiam Innocentes cogit menthi dolor. Pain makes even the Innocent Man a
Lyar.
9. Rtiam celeritas in defiderio^ mora e/?. Even in defire, (wiftnels it felf is delay.
10. Etiam capllus unut habet umhrani fnam.
The (mailed Hair cafts a (hadow.
11. Fidem qui perdit, quh fe fervat in reliquttm .<?
He that has lofl his Faith, what has he left to live on ?
1 2. Formofa Fades mat a commendatio efl» A beautiful Face is a filent commendation.
13. Fprtima
6i Tl^e Lord Bacon's ^mainsy
15. Fort una mmmm quern fovet^ Stultitm fdcit.
Fortune makes him a Fool, whom (he makes her Darling.
1 4. Forttma obejfe nvMi content a ejl femel. Fortune is not content to do a Man but
one ill turn.
15. Facit gratum Fortuna^ quam nemo vidct.
The Fortune which no Body (ees, makes a Man happy and unenvied.
1 6. Fieu ! qttam miferum eji ah illo Udi^ de quo nan pojjis qnerr.
O ! what a miferable thing 'tis to be hurt by (uch a one of whom 'tis in vain to com- plain.
17. Homo totks morJtur qnoties amittit jhcs.
A Man dies as often as he lofes his
Friends.
18* H£redis fletus^ fub perfindrifis eft. The Tears of an Heir are laughter under
a Vizard.
19. Jncundnm nihil ei?, nifl quod re fiat varietas.
Nothing is plea(ant,to which variety dos tiot give a relifti.
20. Invidiam- ferre^ aut fortis^ ant fotlix poteft.
He may bear envy, who is either coura- gious or happy, 21. In
CM and ySMoraL 6j
11. In malis fperare honum^ vipy innocens^ nemo potefi.
None but a virtuous Man can hope well in ill circumftances.
2 2. lu vindicando^ crimmofa ei? cele- ritas.
In taking revenge, the very hafte we make is criminal.
25. In calamitofi rifis etiam injuria eji.
When Men are in calamity, if we do but laugh we offend.
24. Improbk Neptunnm accufat^ qui iterum Naufraginm facit.
He accufeth Neptune unjuftly, who makes Shipwrack a (econd time.
25. Malt is minatur^ qui uni facit inju- riant.
He that injures one, threatens an hun- dred.
26. Mora omnis ingrata ei?, fed facit fa- fientiam.
All delay is ungrateful, but we are not wife without it.
27. Mori esi fcelicis antequam Mortem iniocet.
Happy he who dies ere he calls for Death to take him away.
28. Malus uhi ho72um fe flmulat^ tunc eB pejfimus.
An ill Man is always ill 3 but he is then
worft
6^ The Lord Bacon's ^emainsy
worft of all when he pretends tb be a Saint. ,
29. Magm cum periatlo cujlodifnr^ quod muhis placet.
Lock and Key will fcarce keep that fe- cure, which pleafes every body.
30. Male 'vivm/t qui fe femper vi&uros puta^t.
They think ill who think of living al- ways. , ......
31. Mal^ fecum agit lEger^ Medicum qui h£redem facit.
That (ick Man do's ill for himfelf, who makes his Phyfician his Heir.
32. (^lultos tJmere debet ^ quern multi ti" ment.
He of whom many are afiraid, oughthim- felf to fear many.
33. N////4 tarn bona eU Fortuna^ de qua fiH pojfis queri.
There's no Fortune (b good but it bates an Ace.
34. Pars beneficH ei?, quod petitur^ it beneneges,
Tis part of the Gift, if you deny ger^tilel^ what is asked of you.
35. Timidus vocat fe cautum^ paratm for' didus.
The Cobpard calls himlelf a wary Man , and the Mifer (ays he is frugal,
36. O
Civil and Moral, 65
^6. 0 Vita ! mifiro longa^ fcelici hrevis, O Life! an Age to him that is in mifery, and to him that is happy, a moment*
j{ Colleflion of Sentences out of fome of the Writings of the Lord B^iCOn,
I. TT is a ftrange defire which Men have, • X to (eek Power and lofe Liberty.
2. Children increafe the cares of Life 5 but they mitigate the remembrance of Death.
9. Round deahng is the honour of Man's Nature ^ and a mixture of falfhood is Hke allay in Gold and Silver, which may make the Metal work the better, but it embaleth it.
4. Death openeth the Gate to good Fame, and extinguifheth Envy.
5. Schifm, in the Spiritual Body of the Church, is a greater fcandal than a corrup- tion in Manners ; As, in the natural Body, a Wound or Solution of Continuity, is wor(e than a corrupt Humour.
6. Revenge is a kind of vpild Jnjlice^ which the more a Man s Nature runs
F to^
66 IheLord Bacon's (J^ew^w^,
tOy the more ought Law to weed it out.
7. He. that ftudieth Revenge, keepeth his own Wounds green.
8. Revengeful Perfons live and die like Witches. Their life is mi(chievous,and their end is unfortunate.
9. It was an high Speech of Sefieca^(2iRcr the manner of the Stok's ) That 'the good Things rvhich belong, to Pt'ojperity ^ are to be Tpjjidd 3 but the good things ivhich belong to Adverdty^ are to be adn/ird.
10. He that cannot fee well, let him go foftly.
ir. If a Man be thought ^ecref, it in- viteth drfcovery : as the more clofe Air (uck- eth in the more open.
1 2. Keep your -^///^^r/Vj/ wholly from your
Children, not (b your P//r/e.
, 13. Men of Noble Birth are noted to be
\ envious towards new Men when they rife.
For the diftance is alter'd , and it is like a
deceit of the Eye, that when others come
' on, they think themfelves go back.
14. That Envy is moft malignant which is like O/w s, who envyed his Brother, be- cauie his Sacrifice was better accepted, when there was no body but God to look on.
1 5. The lovers of Great Place are im- patient of Privatenefs, even in Age which
requires
CiVtl and Moral 6^
requires the Shadow : like old Tojvf;fmen that will be ftill fittmg at their Street-Door^ though there they offer Age to (com.
1 6. In Evil, the beft condition is, not to ir/V/j the next, not to ca??.
17. In great Place, ask counfcl of both Times : of the Ancktit Time^ what is beB 5 and of the latter Time^ what is fitteif,
18. As in Nature things move more ?:w- lently to their Vlace^ and calmly in their 'Place: So Virtue in Ambition is viokyit -^ in Authority, (etlcd and calm.
I p. Boldnefs in civil Bufinefs, is like Vrommtiation in the Orator o^ Demojikenes -j the firft, (econd, and third thing.
20. Boldnefs is Hind : wherefore 'tis ill in Counfel^ but good in Execution. For in Counfel it is good to fee dangers^ in Exe- cution not to fee them^ except they be very great.
21. Without good Nature^ Man is but a better kind of Vermitu
11. God never wro'jght Miracle to con- vince Athcifm^ becaufe his ordinary Works convince it.
23. T\\'& gVQdX Atheifls indeed are Hypo- crites^ who are always handling Holy Things, but without feeling , fo as they muft needs be cauteriz'd in the end.
04. The Mafter of Superjiition is the F 2 People.
68 Ihe Lord Bacon's ^mains,
People. And in all Superftkion, wife Men follow Fools.
2 5. In removing SnperflitJons^czxQ. would be had that (as it fareth in ill Purgings) the good he not tak^n away vpith the bad^Vf\\ich. commonly is done, when the 'People is the Phjficiaff,
26. He that goeth into a Country be- fore he hath (bme entrance into the Lan- guage, goeth to School^ and not to travel.
27. It is a mi(erable ftate of mind (and yet it is commonly the cafe of Kings) to have feiv thnigs to dciire^ attd many things to fear,
28. Depreffion of the Nobility may make a King more abfilute^ but le(s fife,
29. All Precepts concerning KingSj are, in etFeft, comprehended in thefe Remem- brances '■) "I^memher thou art a Man 5 Re' 7iiQmher thou art God's Vicegerent. The one bridleth their Porver^ and the other their IVf/I.
50. Things will have their /ri? or^e- co^'d agitation. If they be not tofled up- on the ^//rgh'^.ve^;ts of Coitnjel^ they will be tolled upon the Wares of Fortune.
51. The true compolition of a Counfel- lor, is rather to be skill'd in his Mafters 5//- fir/ejs than his Nature 5 for then he is hke to advife him.^ and not to feed his humour.
32. Private
QVil and K^MoraL 6^
52. Private Opinion is more free^ but Opinion before others is more reveretid.
35. Fortune is like a Market^ where many times if you ftay a little the frke wilt fall,
34. Fortune fometimes turneth the han- dle of the Bottle, which is cafie to be taken hold of 5 and after the /'e//;', which is hard to grafp.
35/ Generally it is good to commit the beginning of all great Adions, to ^rgus with an hundred Ejes 5 and the ends of them to Briareus with an hundred hands , firjl to watch, and then to Jpeed.
36. There's great difference betwixt a cunning Man and a wije Man. There be that can pack the Cards, who yet can't play well 5 they are good in Canvajfes cind Facti- ons, and yet otherwife mean Men.
37. Extreme felf-lovers will fet a Man's Houfe on fire, tho it were but to roaji their
38. New Things, like Strangers, are more admird, and lefs favour d.
39. It were good that Men in their In- novations, would follow the Example of Time it felf, which indeed innovateth greatly, but quietly 5 and by degrees (carce to be perceived.
40. They that reverence too mnch. old
F 3 Time,
7 o The Lord Bacon s ^mainSy
Time^ are but a (corn to the New,
41. The Spaniards and Spart/ms have been noted to be of fmall difpatch. Mi qjevga, la mnerte de Spagna 5 let my death come ivom Spah?^ for then it will be (iire to be long a coming.
^ 42. You had better take, for Bufinefs, a Man (bmewhat ahfurd^ than overformal. •
43. Thofe who want Friends to whom to open their Griefs, are Cannibals of their own Hearts.
44. Number it felf importeth not much in Armies, where the People are of weak courage. For (as Virgil lays) it mver troubles a Wolf kow mavy the Sheep he.
45. Let States, that aim at Greatnefs, take heed how their Nobility and Gentry multiply too faft. In Coppice Woods Ai^OM leave your Staddles too thick, ^ you lliall ne- ver have clean Uriderwcod^ but Shrubs and Bupes,
A^6. A Civil War is like the heat of a Feaver 5 but a Forreign War is like the heat of Exercife^ and (erveth to keep the Body in health.
47. iSz/^/V/W// among thoughts, are like Bats among Birds, They ever fy by twi^- light.
48. Ba(e Natures, if they find themfelves once fufped:ed, will never be true.
, 49. Men
CiVtl and Moral 71
49. Men ought to find the difference between faltnefs and bittcrnrfs. Certainly he that hath a Satyrical Veiff^ as he maketh others afraid of his Wit, (b.he had need be afraid of others Memory.
50. Difiretion in Speech is more than Eloquence.
51. Men feem neither well to underftand their Riches^ nor their Strength : of the former they believe greater things than they (hould, and of the latter much lefs. And from hence certain fatal Pillars have boun- ded the progrefs of Learning.
52. Riches are the Baggage of Vertue^ they can't be fpar'd, nor left behind, but they hinder the march.
55. Great jR/<rT;fj- have y^A^ more Men than ever they have bought out.
54. Riches haze IVings 5 and {bmetimes they fly away of themfelves, and (bmetimes they muft be (et flying to bring in more.
55. He that defers his Charity 'till he is dead, is (if a Man weighs it rightlv) rather liberal of another Man's, than of his own.
56. Ambition is like C holer --^ if it can move, it makes Men aciive ^ if it be ftop'd, it becomes aduft, and makes Men mela7i^ choly.
57. To take a Souldier without Ambiti- on, is to *pull off his Spurs.
F 4 58. Some
71 7 he Ltird Bacon's ^mainsy
58. Some ambitious Men (eem as Skreens to Princes in matters of Danger and Envy, For no Man will take fuch parts, except he be like the Seeld Dove^ that mounts and mounts becaufe he cannot fee about him.
59. Princes and States fhould chu(e fuch •Minifters as are more fenfible of Dntji than Riffng 5 and fhould difcern a hjy Nature from a willing Mind.
60. A Man s Nature runs either to H^bs or Weeds 5 Therefore let him fealbnably water the one, and deftroy the other.
61. If a Man look (harply and atten- tively, he (hall (ee Fortune ^ for though llie be blind^ (he is not invifihle.
62. Z)fury bringeth' the Treadire of a Realm or State into few hands : For the Ufurer being at certainties, and others at uncertainties , at the end of the Game, moji of the Mony will he in the Box.
63. Beauty is beft in a Body that hath rather dignity of Prefence^ than heauty of AJpe^. The beautiful prove accomplifh'd, but not of great Spirit 5 and ftudy, for the moft part, rather Behwuioftr than Vertue.
64. The beft part of Beauty ,is that which a Picture cannot exprcfs.
65. He who builds a fir Houfe upon an ' ill Scat, commits himfelf to Prifon,
66. If you will work on any Man, you '
muft
CiViLand Moral,
muft either know his Nature and Fafhions, and (b lead him 5 or his Ends^ and {b per- jwade him , or his weaknefies and difad- vantages, and (b awe him 5 or thofc that have interefl in him, and (b govern him.
67. Coftly Followers (among whom we may reckon thofe who are importunate in Suits) are not to be liked ^ left while a Man maketh his Train longer, he maketh his Wings (hotter.
6d, Fame is like a River that beareth up things light and fwollen, and drowns things weighty and fohd.
6^. Seneca (aith well, That Afjger islih^ Rai72^ rchkh breaks it felf upon that it falls.
70. Excufations, Ceffions, Modefty it lelf well govern d, are but Arts of Often- tation.
71. High Treafon is not written in Ice 5 that when the Body relenteth, the Imprejfion fhould go away.
72. The beft Governments are always fubjeft to be like the faireft Crjjhis , where- in tvery I(icle or Gram is (een 5 which, in a fouler Stone is never perceiv'd.
73. Hollow Church Papifts are like the Roots of Nettles^ which themlelves fting not 5 but yet they bear all the ftinging Leaves.
75
a
uoinana
^aconiana Thyfiologka.
Or, Certain
REMAINS
O F
Sir Francis Bacon,
Baron of Vemlam^ and Vif- countof St. ^Iban.
I N
ARGUMENTS
Appertaining to
0\[jtmal Thilofophy.
L 0 N V 0 N,
Printed for R. C, at the Rofe and Crown
in St; Fdurs Church-yard. 1679.
%
77
THE
Lord Bacons
Thy/iologtcal Remains.
Fragmentum Libri Ferula^ miani cui Titulus Abece^ darmm O^atm^-
CUm tarn nmlia producantur a Terrd d^ ^qujs^ tarn multa fertruTjfeant Aerem^ ^ ah eo Qxcipa.ntur^ tarn multa. mHUntti)\ c^ folvantur ah Jgne^ minus perjp7cu£ fonnt Inquifitiones c\eter<e^ m(l Natnra Majfarum ijiarum qu£ toties occurrunt bene cognita^ C^ explicata, Hff adjii77gimus, Inquifitiones de Cockjlibus C^ Meteotickj cum d^ ipf£ fint Majj<e Ma- jores^ ^exCathoUck,
M,ff.
7^ The Lord Bacon's
Maff Maj, Jtjqitijitio fixagejima feptima. Triplex Tau, Jive de Tend,
Majf MaJ. Inquifitio fexagefima oUava,
Triplex llpfilon, jive de Aqua.
Majj: Maj, Ittqui(itio fixagefima nona.
Triplex Pfy, ^ive de Aire,
Majf, Ma], Iff qui (it io feptuagefima.
Triplex Chy, (ive de Igne,
MaJJl Maj, Inquilitio Jeptuageflma prima,
'Triplex VK^ five de Mejiihuf,
MaJf.Maj, Ivquifltio feptuagefima jecunda,
^Triplex Omega, fve de Meteoricis,
Coffditioms
Conditiones Etitium,
Superjunt ad inquirendum in Ahtcedarto Cmditioms Entium^ qu<e videntnr ejfe tan- qnam Tranfcendentia^ d^ parum jiringunt de Corpora Natur^^ tamen eOy quo utimur^ in-* quirendi modo^ haud parum afferent lUufira- tionis ad reliqua. Primb igitur^ cum optime obfervatum fuerit a Democrito Naturam re- rum ejje copia Materi^^ ^ Individuorum va- rietate amplam^ atq-^ (utillevuk) infinitam^ Coitionibus ver\ & Jpeciebus in tantum fini- tam^ ut etiam angujia^ d^ tanquam paupercu- la^ videri pojjit, ^andoquidem tarn pancie inveniantur fpecies^ qu<e (Int ant eJJe pojjlnt^ ut exercitum millenarium vix confidant : Cum- que Negativa Affirmarivis Jubjun^a, ad in- formatronem IntelleBus plurimum valeant^ * conjiituenda eji Inquifltio de Ente^ C^ non Ente, Ea or dine eJi Jeptuagefima tertia^d^ qua- druplex Alpha numeratur.
Cond. Ent, ^adruplex Alpha 5 (Ive de Ente d^ non Ente.
Ad PoJJibile d^ Impojfibile^ nil aliud eB^ qttam Potentiale ad Ens^ aut non Potentiate
ad
?a The Lord Bacoft'^
ad Ens. Ik eo hquifitw feptuageftma qnarta cot7Jidtur 5 qu£ quadmpkx Beta numeratur.
Cond. Ent, guadruplex Beta 5 five de Pojjihili & Impojfibili.
EtJam ^Multum^ Paucum^ Rarum^ Con- fuetura fiifit potentialia ad Ens in gluanto, De lis Tnqmfitio feptuagejima quinta ejio^ qita qnadruplex Gamma ?2Hmeretur,
Cond. Ent, ^adi'Hplex Gamma 5 five de Mtilto d^
T,
auc'o.
I DuraLHe ^ Tranfitorinm^ JEternum (^ Momentanenm^ Jknt potentials ad Ens in Duratione. De illis feptuageftma fexta In- quifitio efio^ qu£ quadruplex Delta numeratur.
Cond. Ent. ^uadmplex Delta 5 Qve de Durabili d^ Tranfitorio.
U^turale d^ M.onjirofitm^ [tint potential lia ad ^ns^ per airjum Naturae ^ d^ per devia-
tiones
9hyfiologtcal ^mamsl 8 1
ationes ejus. De ik l77c}m(itJo fepUmgef.ma feptima. ejio^ qn£ quadrhplex Epfilon numern' titr.
Cond. Ef7t, ^adriipkx Epfilon 5 Jive de NatHvali C^ Monftrofo,
Naturale d^ ^rtificiale farit potentialia ad Ens^ ftfje Homwe^ C^ per Homimm, De m Inqnifltio feptnageflma oBava conficitor^ qua quadruplex Zeta nnmentur,
Cond. Ent, ^adrMplex Zeta 5 five de Nuturali d^ ^rtificialu
Exempla in explicatione ordmis Ahecedarij^ von adjunxhntts^ quia, ipjk InqHtfitiones con- tinent totas Acies Exemplorum,
Tituli feamdum quos Ordo Abecedarij eji difpodths^ nullo modo earn ^utkoritatem ha* bento^ ut pro verk^ ^ Jixk rerum divijioni- bus recipiantur. Hoc enim ejjet profiteri fcire nos qu£ inqnirimtts, V^m nemo res vere dijpertit^ qui non naturum ipfarum penitus coonovit. Satis fit^ (i ad ordinem inquirendi (id quod nnnc agitJtr) commode fe habeant,
G Norma
82 IheLord Bacon's
Norma Abecedarij.
Abecedarium hoc modo confidmus ^ regimuf, Hijioria C>^ izxferimcnta^ omnino primas par- tes temnt. Ea (t emimeratiomm d^ ferkm rerum particularium exhibea^t^ in Tahulas conjidiinUir^ alJter Jparfim exdpitmtur,
Cvm lero Hijioria O' ^xperimer?ta fapip iime nos defiravt^ prdcjtrtim Lucifera illa^ df I?7Jiat7ti£ Crum^ per qitas^ tie verif rernm cau(is^ IfitelleCiui corrflare pojjit 5 Alandata damns de ^xperimetitis novis. H^ec (int tan- quam Hijioria Defignata. §uid enim alittd 77obis prim) viam ifigredientibus relinqititnr ^
Modnw ^xperimetitt fubtilioris explicamns^ lie error fnbftt^ atq-^ ut alios^ ■ ad meliores mo- dos excogitandos^ excitemits.
Etiam Monita^ c^ Cautiones^ de Thrttm fallucijs d^ ifivcnieridi erroribus^ qu£ vobk occurriwt^ aj^crgimns, Obfer^ationes nojiras^ fitper Hijioriam^d" Experiment a^ fitbieximus^ ut Interpret dtio NatJir£ magis (it in Procin&u.
Etiam Canones^ fed tamen Mobiles^ df^ Axiomata inchoata^ qualia nobis inquirentibuSy non promtnciantibus^ je offentnt conjiituimtts^ Utiles enim junt^ (I non pr or fits ver£.
Deniq'^tentamenta qud'dam Interpretation?^ qtiandoq-y molinmr^ licet prorfus htimi repentia^ d^ vera Interpret ationk nomine^ mtUo mvdo
(ut
(fit arhitramur) decoYcinda. ^id emm nolis fhpercilio opus cji^ ant impojitira^ cum toties pro- Jiteamur^ nee 72obk Hijionam C^ ^xperimefjta^ qualibus opus efi^fuppetere^ tiec ahjq'^ hk^ L^tey- pretatioKem Nutur£ perjid pojje^ ideoq-^ 92ohk fit is ejje^ fl initils rerum non defimm.
Perjpiemtaiis mtiem^ C^ Ordink gratia^ Aditus quofdaffi ad Inqnidtiones^ tnjlar pr<€fa- tiormm^ fihjiermmus. ItemConnexiones <cj^ Vwcuia^ ne InquifjiotJes (Ifit magis abnipt£j interpommus,
^d ufitm 'Vero vellkationis qimfdam^ de Tradfich^ fuggerimus.
Etiaw Optativa eornm^ qu£ adhuc 77072 ha.- heTitur^ ttm cum proximis Juis^ ad mgC72dur/i humanam 7r2dujlrJa7n^ propoTiJTrtus,
^\/^5 fr^^ f^efcij^ l72qHi(itJ072es 777ter fc^ aliquundo complicari^ ita nt 7207/ulla ex Iftqnjfi- tis^ m Titidos divo'jos wc2da72t. Sed mod.ur/t eum adhihebtTnffs^ ut ^ repetitioTitim fijiidia^ C^ reje&io7iu7n Molejiia^^ qu avium fieri polfit^ vitemusi, poJlpo72e7ites ta77:e72 hoc ipjum- (^quun- do 72eceJJe fuerit) perjpr/uitati docc72di^ /// Ar- gume72to tarn obfcnro.
H^c eji Abeceda-ni Norma d^ Regula. Deus Z)nJverfiCo72dJtor^ Co7ifervator^d>' l72jIa2/rator, Opus hoc d^ 777 Afce77jior;e ad Gloria7n fiia^7T^ d^ 777 Defce77Jio72e ad bo72um huma7ium^ pro pa erga hom777es be7iez'ole77tia d^ Mifer/cordia pro- tegat d^ regat.per F7liu777juum imkum NotiJ^ ■ cum Deum. G 2 The
84 The Lord Bacon's
The fame mEngliJI) by the Publifher.
j{ Fragment of a Sook written by the Lord Verulam, and Entituled^ The Alphabet of Nature.
CEeing Co many things are produc'd by dnfr!b*Htl ^ ^^ Earthy and Waters -, fo many things o«, m 1. 2. pafs through the Air^ and are received by Aiioin.*^^ it ^ fb many things are chang d and diflblv'd Scicnr. by Fire 5 other Inquifitions would be lefs t-,<?itk P^>^5*icuous, unlefs the Nature of thofe EJ. i.ugd. (^[ajfes which fb often occur, were well bAt. / 5. i^nown and explain d. To thefe we add j»A. 4.' Inquifitions concerning Cekfiial Bodies ^ and Vim'/"' ^^^^^^^^-y feeing they are fome of greater p. u. 89. Majffcs^ic of the number of Catholic Bodies. *
Greater ^Majfes,
The 6-/th Inquifition. The three-fold Tau^ or concerning the Earth.
The 6dth Inquifition. The three-fbld Upfilon^ or concerning the Water.
The 6qth Inquifition. The three-fold 7^/'7, or concerning the Air.
The jcth Inquifition. The three-fbld Chiy or concerning the Fire,
The
Thyjtolo^ical ^mahis. 8 5
The Jifi Inquifition. The Three-fold 7y, or concerning Celcjiial Bodies.
The 72^ Inquifition. The three-fold Omega^ or concerning Meteors,
Conditions of Entitles.
THere yet remain, as Subje(n:s of our Inquiry, in our Alphabet ^ the Condi- tions of jBeings^ which (eem, as it were, Tranfcendentals^ and (uch as touch very lit- tle of the Body of Nature. Yet by that manner of Inquifition which we ule, They will confiderably illuftrate the other Ob- jeds.
Firft 5 Therefore feeing (as Tiemocritu-s excellently obferved ) the Nature of Things is in the plenty of Matter^ and variety of Individuals^ large^ and (as he affirmeth) Infinite 5 but in its Coitions and Species fo Finite^ that it may feem narrow and poor 5 feeing (b few Species are found, either in aftual Being, or Impoflibility, that they (carce make up a mufier of a Thoufand-^ And feeing Negatives, fubjoin'd to Affirmatives, conduce much to the Information of the Underftanding : It is fit that an Inquifition be made concerning Beings and not Being. G 5 That
86 The Lori Bacon's
That is the y:^d'm order, andreckon'dthe Four-fold ^ipha.
Conditions of 'beings.
The four-fold ^Ipha 5 or, concerning Beings and not Being,
Now PoJJihle and Impoffible^ are nothing cl{e but Conditions potential to Beings or not potential to Being. Of this the J^h In- quifition conlifts, and is accounted the. four- fold IBeta,
Conditions of ''Beings.
The four-fold ^eta j or concerning Pof- f.hk and Impojfibk,
Alfo, Much^ Little 5 Rare^ Ordinary 5 are Conditions potential to Being in g^uan^ tity. Of them let the 75/^/j Inquifition con- fiil, and be accounted t\iQ four- fold Gamma,
Conditions of ''Beings,
The four-fold Gamma j or, concerning
much and ///^/<?.
Durable
^hyfaloffcal ^ma'ms 87
Durable and Tranfitory^ Eterml and Mo- menUry^ are potential to Being in Duration. Of thefe let the j6th Inquiiition confift,- and be call'd the four-fold Delta,
Cot2ditio77s of '~Beings,
The four-fold Delta 5 or, concerning Dnrable and Tranfitory,
f^(atHral 2iV\.6. t^onflrous^ are potential to Being, either by the courfe of Nature, or by its deviations from it. Of thcle let the yyth Inquifition confift, which is ac- counted the four-fold Epfilon.
Conditions of * icings.
The four-fold Epfilon 5 or, concerning what is Natural or <£^onjirous.
Natural and Artificial^ are potential to Being, either with or without the Operation of Man. Of the(e let the y^tl Inquifition confift, and be accounted the four-fold Zeta,
G 4 Cor^
88 TkLori Bacon's
Cofjditions of HBerngs,
The four-fold Zeta 5 or, of that which is Natural and ArtijiciaL
We have not fubjoined Examples in the ExpHcation of the Order of this our Al- phabet : for the Inquiiitions themfelves con- tain the whole Array of Examples.
It is by no means intended, that the Ti- tles^ according to which the Order of this Alphabet is difpos'd, (hould have (b much authority given to them, as to be taken for true and fixed partHions of Things. That were to profefs we already knew the things after which we inquire 3 for no Man do's truly difpofe of things into their feveral CLiJfes^ who do's not beforehand very well underftand the Nature of them. It is fiif- ficient, if thefe Titles be conveniently adap- ted to the Order of Inquiry 5 the thing which is at prefent defign'd.
The Rule (or Form) of the Alphabet.
After this manner we compofe and difpofe our .Alphabet.
We begin (blely with Hiftory and Expe-
rinicnts.
^hyfiologkal ^matns. 85^
rhievts. Thelc, if they exhibit an enume- ration and {erics of particular Things, are difpos'd into Tables ^ otherwid' they are ta- ken feperately, and by themielves.
But feeing we are often at a lo(s for Hi- fioysind Experiments^ efpecially Rich as are LnciferoHs [or Inftrudive] and [as we call * rhem^ Injicwccs of the Croft 5 by which ^ the Underftanding might be helped in the Organ.Ax kiowledg of the true Caufes of Things : Aph. 36. V/e propofe the task of making ^eir Expe- Lu^d^Bat. r:ments. Thefe may ferve as an Hificrj in DeftgK. For what elfe is to be done by us VYho are but breaking the Ice ?
For the mode of any more abftrufe, Ex- periment, we explain it, left any miftake arife about it ^ and to the intent alfo that ^ye may excite others to excogitate better Methods.
' Alfo we interipeft certain ^Admonitions and Qdutions concerning fuch Fallacies of Things, and Errors in Invention, as we meet with in our way.
We fubjoin our Obfervations upon Hijio^ ry and Experiments^ that the Interpretation of V^ature may be the more in readinefs and at hand.
Likewife we lay down Canons (but not fuch as are fixed and determind") and Axioms which are, as it were, in ^mhrio :
Such
9 9 Th^ I-ord Bacon's
Such as offer themfelves to us in the quality of IfKpiirers^ and not of Judges, Such C/i- fiotis and Axioms are proji'table^ though they appear not yet manifefllyy and upon all ac- counts true,
Laftly 5 We meditate fometimes certain mfays of hterpretation^ though (uch as are low and of Imall advance, and by no means to be honoured (in our opinion) with the very name of Interpretation,
For what need have we of Arrogance or Impofture, (eeing we have fb often pro- feried, that we have not iuch a fupply of Hiftory and Experiments as is needful 5 ard that without theie, the Interpretation of Nature cannot be brought to perfedion. Wherefore it is enough for us, if we are not wanting to the beginning of Things.
NoWjfor the fake of Perfpicuity,and Or- der, we prepare our way by Avenues, which are a kind of *\Prefaces to our In- ^uiiitions. Likewi(e we interppfe bonds of Connexion^ that our Inquifitions may not feem abrupt and dif-jointed.
AUb we fuggeft for ufe, fbme ¥{wts of Pra&ue, Furthermore, we projiofe mfies of fuch things as are hitherto only dciired and not had, together with thofe things which border on them, for the exciting the Induftry of Man's Mind.
Neither
T^hyjiological ^mains. p l
Neither are we ignorant, that thofeJ/?- quifitions are fometimes mutually entangled 3 fb that fbme things of which we inquire Qeven the (ame things^ belong to feveral Ti- tles. But we will obferve (iich meafure, that (as far as may be) we may fhun both the nan- Jeaiifnef of Repetition^ and the trouble of T^je&iot?^ (ubmitting notwithftanding to either of the(e, when in an Argument (b obfcure, there is neceffity of fb doing, in order to the more intelligible teaching of it.
This if the Form and Ride of our ^phtt' bet.
May God, the Creator, Preferver, and Renewer of the Univerfe, protedt and go- vern this Work, both in its afient to his Glory, and in its deficnt to the Good of Mankind, for the fake of his Mercy and good Will to Men, through his only Son [^ Immanuel ] God-mth-nsy
Inqm-
91 Tlje Lord Bacons
Im^utjitlons touching the Compounding of JMetals ^ hy Sir Francis Eacon, ^aron o/Verulam.
TO maki P'oof of the Incorporation of Iron mth Flinty or other Stone. For if it can be incorporated without over-great charge, or other incommodity, the cheap- nefs of the Flint or Stone, doth make the Compound Stuff profitable for divers Ufes. The Doubts may be three in number.
jpiri? 5 Whether they will incorporate at all, otherwife than to a Body that will not hold well together but become britrie and uneven ?
Secondly 5 Although it ftiould incorpo- rate well, yet whether the Stuff will not be fo flubborn as it will not work well with a Hammer, whereby the charge in working will overthrow the cheapnefs of the material }
Thirdly 5 Whether they will incorporate, except the Iron and Stone be firft calcined into Pouder > And if not. Whether* the charge of the Calcination will not eat out the cheapnefs of the material ?
The
^hyjtological ^ma'ms. 9 j
The TJfes aremoH: probable to be , Firfi for the Implements of the Kitching 5 as Spits, Ranges, Cobirons, Pots, d^c. then for the Wars, as Ordinance, PortcullafTcs, Grates, Chains, &c.
Note 5 The finer Works of Iron are not fo probable to be (erved with fuch a Stuff, as Locks, Clocks, fmall Chains, &c. be- cau(e the Stuff is not like to be tough enough.
For the better u(e in comparifbn of Iron, it is like the Stuff will be fir lighter , for the weight of Iron to Flint, is double and a third part, and, fecondly, it is like to ruft not fo eafily, but to be more chart.
The ways of tryal are two. Firfi , By
the Iron and Stone of themfelves, wherein
t muft be inquired. What are the Stones
hat do eafilieft melt. Secondly 5 With an
dditament, wherein Brimftone is appro-
ed to help to the melting of Iron or Steel.
ut then it muft be confidered. Whether
he Charge of the Additament will not de-
roy the Profit.
It muft be known alfo what proportion f the Stone the Iron will receive to incor- orate well with it, and that with once Iting '-y for if either the proportion be 00 (mall, or that it cannot be received but eece-meal by feveral meltings, the Work annot be of value. To
94 Th^ Lord Bacon's
To mal^ proof of the mcorporatwg of Iron andBra^. For the cheapnefs of the Iron in comparifbn of the Brafs, if the Ufes may be ferved, doth promife Profit. The Doubt will be, touching their incor- porating: for that it is approved, that Iron will not incorporate, neither with Brafs nor other Metals of it lelf by fimple fire : So as the inquiry mufl: be upon the Calci- nation, and the Additament, and the charge of them.
The TJfes will be for (uch things as are now made of Bra(s, and might be as well (erved by the compound Stuff, wherein the Doubts will be chiefly of the toughnefs , and of the beauty.
FirH'^ Therefore, if Brafs Ordinance could be made of the compound Stuff, in refpeft of the cheapnefs of the Iron, it would be of great ufe.
The Vanrage which Brafs Ordinance hath over Iron, is chiefly, as I fuppofe, becaufc it will hold the blow, though it be driven far thinner than the Iron can be, whereby it (aveth both in the quantity of the Mate- rial, and in the charge and commodity ol mounting 8c carriage,in regard by reafon of the thinnefs it beareth much Ids weight: there may be alio fbmewhat in being not (q eafily overheated. Secondly
^hyjiological ^mainsl p 5
Secondly^ For the Beauty , thofe things wherein the beauty or lufter are efteeraed, are. Andirons, and all manner of Images, •and Statues, and Columns, and Tombs, and the like. So as the doubt will be double for the Beauty ^ the one whether the colour will plea(e fo well, becaufe it will not be (b like Gold as Brafs ? the other^ whether it will poUilh (b well ? Wherein for the latter it is probable it will ^ for Steel glofles are more relplendant than the like Plates of Brafs would be 5 and fo is the ghttering of a Blade. And befides, I take it. Andiron Brafs, which they call White Erafs, hath fbmt mixture of Tin to help the lufler. And for the Golden Colour, it may be by fome fmall mixture of Orpiment, fuch as they ufe to Brafs in the Yellow Alchymy, will eafily recover that which the Iron lofeth. Of this the Eye muft be the Judg upon proof made.
But now for Pans, Pots, Curfues, Coun- ters, and the like 5 the beauty will not be fo much refpeded, fo as the compound StufT is hke to pafs.
For the better ufe of the compound Stuff, it will be fweeter and cleaner than Brafs alone, which yieldeth a fmell or fbilnefs, and therefore may be better for the Vefl'els of the Kitchen and Brewing. It will alfb
be
n6 T7;e Lord Bacon's
be harder than Brafs where hardnefs may- be required.
For the tryal, the Doubts will Jbe tvpo : Firii '^ The over-weight ofBrafs towards. Iron, which will make Iron float on the top in the melting. This perhaps will be hol- pen with the Calamwar Stotie^ which con- fenteth fo well with Brals, and as I take it, is lighter than Iron. The other Doitbt will be, the ftifFnefs and drinefs of Iron -to melt j which mull: be holpen either by moijlnwg the Iron, or opening it. For the firfi^ Per- haps (bme mixture of Lead will help. Which is as much more liquid than Brafs, as Iron is left liquid. The evening may be holpen by fbme mixture of Sulphur, fo as the trials would be with Braft, Iron, Cain- minar Stove^ and Sulphur \ and then again ^vith the fame compofition, and an additi- on of fbme Lead ^ and in all this the Charge muft be conlidered, whether it eat not out the Profit of the cheapnefs of Iron ?
There be two Proof f to be made of mcor^ poration of. Metals for ntag7uficeme and de- licacy. The one for the Eje, and the other for the £^r. Statua Metal, and Bell Me- tal, and Trumpet Metal, and String Me- tal 5 in all thefe, though the mixture of Brafs or Copper, fhould be dearer than the
Brafs
^hyjiologicd ^mahis. 97
Brafs it (elf^ yet the pleafure will advance the price to profit.
, . FirU 5 Therefore for Statua'Metal^ (ce PIw/s Mixtures, which are almoft forgot- ten, and confider the charge.
Try likewife the mixture of Tin in large proportion with Copper, and obferve the Colour and Beauty, it being polifhed. But chiefly let proof be made of the incorpp- rating of Copper or Brafs with Glafs-Me- tal, for that is cheap, and is like to add a great glory and (hining.
For Bdl-Metal, Firfl^ It is to be known what is the Compofition which is now in u(e. Secondly^ It is probable that it is the drinefs of the Metal that doth help tlie' clearnels of the found, and the q|oiftne(5 [that dulleth it : and therefore the Mixtures [that are probable are Steel, .Tin, Gla(s- IMetal.
For String-Metal^ or Trumpet -Met d^ it is the fame realbn 5 favethatClafs-Metal may
lot be ufed, becaufc it will make it too
)rittle ^ and trial may be made with mix- ire of Silver, it being but a delicacy with
Iron or Braft.
To make proof of the Incorporation of Sil- ver and Tirt^ in equal quantity, or with two parts Sliver, and one part Tin, and to ob- H ferve
5)8 JheLord Bacon's
fen e whether it be of equal beauty and lufter with pure Silver 5 and alfo whether it yield no foilinefs more than Silver ? And again, whether it will indure the ordinary Fire, which belongeth to Chafing-diftieSj Pofhets, and (iich other Silver Veflels? And if it do not endure the Fire, yet whe- ther by (bme mixture of Iron it may not be made more fixt ? For if it be in Beauty, and all the Ufes aforefaid equal to Silver,it were a thing of lingular profit to the State, and to all particular Perfons, to change Silver Plate or Veflel into the Compound Stuff, being a kind of Silver Ek&re^ and to turn the reft into Coin. It may be alfb quefti- oncd, Whether the Compound Stuff will receive gilding as well as Silver, and. with equal luuer ? It is to be noted. That the common alli\y of Silver Coin is Brafs, which doth difcolour more, and is not fo neat a& Tin.
Tke Drownings of Metals within other Me- tals, in fuch fort as they can never rife again, is a thing of great profit. For if a quantity of Silver canbefb buried in Gold^ as it will never be reduced again, neithet by Fire, nor parting Waters, nor other- ' ways 5 and alfo that it (erve all Ufes as welt as pure Gold, it is in efFeft all one, as if £0
much
^hyfiologicd ^mms, 99
much Silver were turned into Gold , only the weight will dilcover it ; but that taketh off but half of the profit :, for Gold is not fiilly double weight to Silver, but Gold is twelve times price to Silver.
The l»irial mud be by one of thefe two ways, either by the (mallnels of the propor- tion, as perhaps fifty to one, which will be but Hx pence gains in fifty (hillings : or it mufl: be holperi by fomewhat which may nx the Silver, never to be reftored or va- pour'd away, when it is incorporated into fiicha Ma(s of Gold 5 for the lefs quantity is ever the hatrder to fever 5 and for this f)tirpo(e Iron is the likeft, or Coppel Stuffy upon which the Fire hath no power of con- lumjtion.
TT^e making of Gold feemeth a thing (carce- iy poflible 5 becaufe Gold is the heavieft of Metals, and to add Matter is impoffible : and again, to drive Metals into a narrower room than their natural extent beareth, is a condenfaticM hardly to be expedted. But to make Silver (eemeth more eafy, becaufe both Quick-iilver and Lead are weightier than Silver , fo as there needeth only fix- ing, and not condenfing. The degree un- to this that is already known, is infufing of Qukk-filver in a Parchment, or otherwife H 2 in
\oo 7he Lord Bacon's
in the midft of molten Lead when it eod- cth, for this ftupiiieththe Quick-filver that it runneth no more. This trial is to be ad- vanced three ways, jp/ri?, By iterating the melting of the Lead, to fee whether k will not make the Quick-filver harder and harder. Sc>^or?dly^ To put Realgar hot in- to the midft: of the Quick-filver, whereby it may be condenled, as well from within as without. Thirdly^ To try it in the midft of Molten Iron or Molten Steel, which is a Body more likely to fix the Quick-filver than Lead. It may be alfo tried, by incor- porating Pouder of Steel, or Coppk Duft, by pouncing into the Quick-filver, and "fe to proceed to the ftupifying.
'Upon Glajs"^ four f hi figs would be put in pyoof. The /ri?, means to make the Glafs more Cryft:alline. The jeco7id^ to make it more ft:rong for falls, and for fire, though it come not to the degree to be malleable. The thirds to make it coloured by Tind:ures5Comparable or fcceeding pre- vious Stones. The fourth^ To make a com- pound Body of Glafs and Galletyle ^ that is, to have the colour milkey like a Chalce- dor?^ being a Stufl:' between a Porcelane' and a Glafs.
For the frit 5 It is good firft to know
exadly
^hyjiological ^ma'ms. \ o i
exadly the lever^ Materials, whereof the Glals in ufe is made , Window-gla§, AV- waf/cij and BiirguKdy^ Alehoufe-glafs, Eng- ifh drinking-Glafs : and then thereupon to confider what the reafon is of the coarleneG or clearneft 5 and from thence to rife to a confideration how to make (bme Addita- ments to the coarfer Materials^ to rai(e them to the whitene(s and cryftalline Iplen- dour of the fineft.
For the fecond 5 We fee Pebbles, and bme other Stones will cut as fine as Cry- l:al, which if they will melt, may be a mixture for Glafs, and may make it more ough and more Cryflalline. Befides, we (ee Metals will vitnfy ^ and perhaps fbme portion of the Glafs of Metal vitrified, laixed in the Pot of ordinary Glafs-Metal, ivill make the whole Mais more tough.
For the third 5 It were good to have of :oloured Window-Glafs, fuch as is coloured n the Pot, and not by Colours — • * Here
fo/nethin^ tn the Co-
')('%^^%')(--X-')(-^^^^^ PJ'
H 3 It
101 The Lord Bacons
It is to be known of what Stuff Gaile- tjle is made, and how the Colours in it are varied ^ and thereupon to confider how to make the mixture of Glafs-Metal and them, whereof I haveften the Example.
Inquire what be the Stones that do eafilit eft melt. Of them take half a pound, and of Iron a pound and a half, and an ounce of Brimftone, and fee whether they will incorporate, being whole,with a ftrong fire. If not, try the (ame quantities calcined ^ and if they will incorporate, make a Plate of them, and burnilh it as they do Iron.
Take a pound and a half of Bra(s, and half a pound of Iron , two ounces of the Cdamwar Stone, an ounce and a half of Brimftone, an ounce of Lead^ calcine them, and fee what body they make , and if they incorporate, makea Plate^f it bur- nifhed.
Take of Copper an ounce and a half, of Tin an ounce, and melt them together, and make a Plate of them burniftied.
Take of Copper an ounce and a halfj of Tin an ounce, of Gla(s-Metal half an ounces ftir them well in the boiling, and if they incorporate, make a Plate of them bur- niftied.
Take of Copper a pound and a halfj Tin four ounces, Erafs two ounces 5 make
^hyfioloffcal ^mahis, i o j
a Plate of them burniflied.
Take of Silver two ounces. Tin half an ounces make a little Say -Cup of it, and burniih it.
To enquire of the Materials of every of the kind of Glaffes, coarfer and finer, and of the Proportions.
Take an equal quantity of Gla(s-Me- tal, of Stone calcined, and bring a Pat- tern.
Take an ounce of vitrified Metal, and a pound of ordinary Glafs-Metal, and (ee whether they will incorporate 5 and bring a Pattern. . •
Bring Examples of all coloured Glafles, an^ learn the Ingredients whereby they are coloured.
Inquire of the (ubftance of Galktyle,
H 4 Arti-
1 04 7 he Lord Bacon's
Articles of Queftions touching Mi^ neralsj written originally in Eng- lifh by the Lord Sacon, yet hither- to not publiflied in that Language.
The Lord Bacon'5 Quejlions and Soluti- ons concerning the Compounding^ Incor- poratingy or Union of Metals or Mine- ^rals ; iMch Subje[i isAhe fir fl Letter of his Lord(hips alphabet.
^ T T 7'Ith what Metals Gold will Incor- ^ V porate by fimple CoUiquefadion, and with what not > and in what quantity- it will incorporate ^ and what kind of Bo- dy the Compound makes ?
^ Gold with Silver, which was the An- cient Eleftrum.
Gold with Quickfilver.
Gold with Lead.
Gold with Coppcf.
Gold with Brafs.
Gold with Iron.
Gold with Tin.
So
^hyfiological ^mains, 105
So likevpije of Silver,
.Silver with Quickfilver. Silver with Lead. Silver with Copper. Silver with Brafs. Silver with Iron. (PMus Secuftd. //^.g^.
ix. mijcuit denario Triumvir Antonius
ferrum.J Silver with Tin.
So likewife of §mckjil'ver*
Quickfilver with Lead. ,
Quickfilver with Copper.
Quickfilver with Braft. ' -
Quickfilver with Iron.
Quickfilver with Tin.
So of Lead,
Lead with Copper. )
Lead with Brafs. s P/ o 1 •
Lead with Iron. C ^'- 34-ix.
Lead with Tin. J
So of Copper, Copper with Brafs,
Copper
1 06 The Lord Bacon's
Copper with Iron. Copper with Tin.
So ef Braf,
Brafs with Iron. Bra(s with Tin.
So ef Iron* Iron with Tin.
What he the Compmnd SMetals that are common and known ? and what are the proportions of their Mixtures f As,
LAtten of Brals, and the Calammat Stone.
Pewter of Tin and Lead*
Bell-Metal of &c, and the counterfeit Plate, which they call Alchimy.
The Decompofitees of three Metals or more, are too long to enquire of, except there be fome Compofitions of them al- ready obferved.
It is alio to beob(ervcd,whetherany two Metals which will not mingle of themfelves, will mingle with the help of an other 3 and what. What
Vhyfiohgtcd l^mmS' 1 07
What Compounds will be made of Metal with Stone and other Fofliles ^ As Latten is made with Brafs and the Calaminar Stone 5 As all the Metals incorporate with Vitriol 5 all with Iron pondered ^ all with Flint, d^c.
Some few of thefe would be inquired ofj to di(clo(e the nature of the reft.
Whether Metals or other Fofliles will in- corporate with molten Glals, arid what Bo- dy it makes ?
The quantity in the mixture would be well confidered , for fome (mall quantity perhaps will incorporate, as ia the Allays of Gold and Silver Coin.
Upon the Compound Body, three things are chiefly to be obferved ^ The Colour , the Fragility or Pliantne(s 5 the Volatili- ty or Fixation, compared with the iimplc Bodies.
For prefent ufe or profit, this is the Rule : Confider the price of the two fimple Bo- dies i, confider again the dignity of the one above the other in u(e 5 then (ee if you can make a Compound that will lave more in price than it will lole in dignity of the ufe.
As for Example 5 Confider the price of Bra(s-Ordnance 3 confider again the price of Iron-Ordnance, and then confider wherein the Brals-Ordnance doth excel the Iron- Ordnance
1 o8 The Lord Bacon's
Ordnance in U(e : Then if you can make a Compound of Brafs and Iron that will be near as good in ufe, and much cheaper in price, then there is profit both to the Private, and the Common-wealth. So of Gold and Silver, the price is double of twelve : The dignity of Gold above Silver is not much, the (plendor is a like, and more pleating to fome Eyes, as in Cloth of Sil- ver, filvered Rapiers, &c. The main dig- nity is. That Gold bears the Fire, which Silver doth not , but that is an excellency in Nature, but it is nothing at all in u(e , for any dignity in ufe I know none, but that filvering will (ully and canker more than gildings which if it might be corre- cted with a little mixture of Gold, there is. profit : And I do fbmewhat marvel that the latter Ages have loft the Ancient Ek- &ru/n^ which was a mixture of Silver with Gold .* whereof I conceive there may be much ufe, both in Coin, Plate, and Gild- ing.
It is to be noted, That there is in the verfion of Metals impofTibility, or at leafl great difficulty, as in making of Gold, Sil- ver, Copper. On the other fide, in the adulterating or counterfeiting of Metals, there is deceit and villany. But it fhould feenj there is a middle way, and that is by
new
Thyjiolo^kal ^mains. 1 09
n^vv Compounds, if the ways of incorpo- rating were well known.
What Incorporation or Inhibition Metals will receive from Vegetables,without being diflblved in their Subftance : As when the Armorers make their Steel more tough and pliant, by afperfion of Water or Juice of Herbs 5 when Gold being grown fbmfwhat churliQi by recovering, is made more pli- ant by throwing in (hreds of tanned Lea- ther, or any Leather oiled.
Note ^ That in thefe and the like (hews of Inhibition, it were good to try by the Weights whether the weight be increafed. or no^ for if it be not, it is to be doubted that there is no inhibition of Subftance, but only that the application of that other Body, doth difpofe and invite the Metal to ano- ther pofture of parts than of it lelf it would have taken.
After the Incorporation of Metals by fimple Colliquefadion, for the better difco- very of the Nature, and Confents, and Dif- (ents of Metals, it would be likewife tried by incorporating of their Diffolutions.
There is to be obferved in thole DifTo- lutions which will not eafily incorporate, what the EfFcds are ; As the Bullition 3 the Precipitation to the bottom^ the Ejacu- lation towards the top 5 the Sufpenfion in the mid ft ^ and the like. Note 5
110 ne Lord Bzcotis
Note ^ That the diffents of the Meri- ftrualor ftrong Waters, may hinder the in- corporation, as well as the diflents of the Metals themfelves. Therefore where the Menfima are the (ame, and yet the Incor- poration fblloweth not, yoii may conclude the Diflent is in the Metals 5 but where the Msnjima are'feveral, not fo certain.
Dr. Mevereir^ Afifwers to the Lord Ba- cotis Quejiionsj coiKcmiug the Cont- pounding, Incorporating, or Uni- on of Metals ai^d Minerals.
Gold will incorporate with Silver in any proportion. Plin. ///'.^g.f^r/). 4. 0»- m Anro inefl Argenium vano pondere^ alibi
dena^ alibi ?wna^ alibi olfavh parte ubicuniA
quinta Argenti portio irrvevitttr^ Elednem 7Jt>i catur. The Body remains fijct, folid, and coloured, according to the proportion of the two Metals.
Gold with Quickfilver eafily mixeth, but the produft is imperfedly fixed ^ and fe are all other Metals incorporate with Mer* cury.
^hyfiohgtcal ^B^msl lit
Gold incorporates with Lead in any pro- portion.
Gold incorporates with Copper in any proportion, the common Allay.
Gold incorporates with Brafs in any pro- portion. And what is (aid of Copper, is true of Braft, in the union of other Me- tals. ^
Gold will not incorporate with Iron.
Gold incorporates with Tin, the ancient Allay, Ifa, 1.25.
Wifct was (aid of Gold and Quickfilver, may be (aid of Quicklilver and the reft of Metals.
Silver with Lead in any proportion.
Silver incorporates with Copper. Vliny mentions (uch a mixture 5 for triumphales Status., hb,^^.ix. mifcentur Argent 0^ ter- tia pars <erk Cyprii tenuijfimi^ quod coronari- urn vocant^ ^ Snlphuris vivi quantum Ar- genti. The fame is true of Brafs.
Silver incorporates not with Iron. Wherefore I wonder at that which T^liny hath lib.^^.ix, MifcuH denario Trmmvir An- tonius ferrum. And what is (aid of this, is true in the reft, for Iron incorporatethwith none of them.
Silver mixes with Tin.
Lead
Ill
Tl^e Lord Bacon's
Lead incorporates with Copper. Such a mixture was the Pot-Metal whereof Pli- ^j/ fpeaks Z/^. 34. ix. Terms ant quaternis li^ hrjs plnmbi Argentarii in ct7iUnas terjs ad" ditis.
Lead incorporates with Tin. The mix- ture of thefe two in equjJ^roportions, is* that which was anciently called Plumbum ArgantaYinm^ Plia34. xvii.
Copper incorporates with Tin. Of fach a mixture were the Mirrors of the Rfma^s, Plin, at que nt omnia de Jpeculis peraganUtr- hoc loco^ optima apt/d Majores erant Brundifi'. na^ jianno ^ <ere mi jits, lib, 83. ix.
Compounded Metals now in ufe,-
"'*
1. Fine Tin. The mixture is thus 5 Pure' Tin a 1000 pound, temper 50 pound, Gla^^ of Tin 5 pound.
2. Courfe Pewter is made of fine Tin?' and Lead. Temper is • thus made , The dro(s of pure Tin four pound and a hal^ - Copper half a pound.
5. Brais is made of Copper and Calami'^ naris,
4. Bell-Metal. Copper 1000 pound. Tin- from 300 to 2 00 pound, Brals 1 50 pound.
5. Pot-
^hyfiological ^mains] 1 1 j
5. Pot-Metal, Copper and Lead.
6. White Alkimie is made of Pan-BraQ, pound, and Arfenicam, 5 ounces.
7. Red Alkimie is made of Copper and Auripigmen.
There be divers imperfeft Minerals, w^hich will incorporate with the Metals, king indeed Metals inwardly, but clo- thed with Earths and Stones. As Pyritij, Calaminaris, Myfi, Chalcyti, Sory, Vitri- olum.
Metals incorporate riot with Glafs, ex-» :ept they be brought into the form of Glals.
^Metals dijjolijed. The diffolution of Sold and Silver difagree, {6 that in their nixture, there is great Ebullition, Dark- ie(s, and in the end a precipitation of a Dlack Pouder.
The mixture of Gold and Mercurie a- ^ree.
Gold agrees with Iron. In a word, the iiflblution of Mercury and Iron agree with j11 the reft.
Silver and Copper difagree, and fo do Silver and Lead. Silver and Tin agree,
3 TXi
114 the Lord Bacon*s
Tl)e Lord Bacon'i Articles of Inquiry concerning ^Minerals. Tbefecond Let* ter of the Crojs-^w^ touching the feparation of Metals and Miner ds*
SEparation is of three forts ^ The Firjl^ is the feparating of the pure Metal from the Ore, or Drols, which we call Refining. The Secof/d, is the drawing one Metal or Mineral out of another, which we call Ex- trading. The Thirds Is the feparating of any Metal into his Original,or Materia Tri- ma^ or Element, or call them what you will 5 which Work we will call Trmcipja- tmt. For Refining, we are to enquire of it according to the feveral Metals 5 as Gold, Silver, &c. Incidently we are to inquire of the Firft Stone or Ore, or Marcafite of Metals leverally, and what kind of Bodies they are, and of the degrees of Richnefs. Alfo we are to enquire of the means of ' Separating, whether by Fire, parting Wa- ters, or otherwife. Alfo for the manner of Refining, you are to fee how you can multiply the heat, "^ haften the opening, and fo Cive charge in the Fining.
The
^hyjtohgicd ^maim, 1 1 j
The means of this in Three manners, that is to (ay, In the Blaft of the Fire , In the manner of the Furnace, to multiply Heat by Union, and Reflexion, and by fome Additament, or Medicines which will help the bodies to open them the fboner.
Note the Quickning of the Blaft, and the Multiplying of the Heat in the Fur- nace, may be the fame for all Metals 5 but the Additaments muft be feveral, ac- cording to the Nature of the Metals. Note again. That if you think that the multi- plying of the Additaments in the fame pro- portion, that you multiply the Ore, the Work will follow, you may be deceived ; for quantity in the Paffive will add more Refinance, than the fame quantity in the Aftive will add force.
For Extracting, you are to enquire what Metals contain others, and likewile what not '■) As Lead, Silver ^ Copper, Silver, d^c.
Note, Although the Charge of Extra- ction (hould excede the Worth, yet that is not the matter. For at leaft it will di(co- ver Nature and Poffibility, the other may be thought on afterwards.
We are likewife to inquire what the dif- ferences are of thofe Metals which contain more or le(s other Metals, and how that agrees with the poornefs or richncls of*
I 3 the
1 1 6 The Lord Bacon's
the Metals Or Ore in themfelves. As the Lead that contains mofi: Silver is accounted to be more brittle, and yet otherwife poor- er in it (elf.
For Prwc'7p/atm7j[ cannot affirm whether there be any fuch thing or not --, and I think the Chymifts make too much ado about it, but hovvfbever it be, be it Solu- tion, or Extraction, or a kind of Conver- fion by the Fire ^ it is diligently to be in- quired what Salts, Sulphur, Vitriol, Mer- cury, or the like Simple Bodies are to be found in the ieveral Metals, and in what quantity.
DoElor Meveter5 ^njwers to the Lord Bacon'y Quejlms^ touching the fepa- rations of Metals and Minerals.
I. l^'Or the ff/eans of Separafwg, After X^ that the Ore is wafhed, or cleanfed from the Earth, there is nothing (imply ne- ccfiary, Give only a Wind Furnace well framed, narrow above and at the Hearth, in Ihape Oval, fufficiendy fed with Char- coal and Ore, in convenient proporti- on?.
For
^hyfiological ^mahis. i 1 7
For Additions in this Firfl Separation, I have observed none 5 the Drolb, the Mi- neral brings, being fufficient. The Refi- ners of Iron obierve, that that Tron-Stonc is hardeft to melt, which is fulled of Me- tal, and that ealieft which hath mofl Drols. But in Lead, and Tin, the contrary is no- ted. Yet in melting of Metals, when they have been calcined formerly by Fire, or Strong-Waters, there is good ufe of Addi- taments, as of Borax, Tartar, Armoniac, and Salt-Peter.
2. In Extra&ing of i^ietals. Note, That Lead and Tin contain Silver. Lead and Silver contain Gold. Iron contains Brais. Silver is beft (eparated from Lead, by the Teft. So Gold from Silver. Yet the beft way for that is ^qua Regia.
5. For T^rwapjiitiotj, I can truly and boldly affirm, that there are no fuch prm- ciples as Sal^ Sulphur^ and Mcrairy^ which can be feparated from any perfect Metals. For every part fo (eparated, may eafily be reduced into perfect Metal without Subfti- tution of that, or thofe principles which Chymifts imagin to be wanting. As fup- pole you take the Salt of Lead ^ this Salt, or, as (bme name it Sulphur, may be turn- ed into perfect Lead, by melting it with the hke quantity of Lead which con- I 5 tains
1 1 8 The Lord Bacon's
tains principles only for it felf.
I acknowledg that there is Quick-Silver and Brimftone found in the imperfeft Mi- nerals 5 but thofe are Nature's remote Ma- terials, and not the Chymifts Principles. As if you diffolve Antimony by Aqna Re- ^M, there will be real Brimftone (vidmming upon the Water 5 as appears by the colour of" the Fire when it is burnt, and by the " fmell.
Tl?e Lord Bacon's Articles of Lujuiry concerning Metals^ and Minerals,
THe Third Letter of the Crofs-Row, touching the Varutiofi of Metals inio jiKeral Shapes, Bodies , or Natures , the particulars whereof follow,
Tindure. Turning to Kufi. Calcination. Sublimation. Precipitation. • Amalgamdtizing, or Turning into a foft body. Vitrification.
Opening or Dillolving into Liquor.
Sprout-
^hyjiological ^mains. 1 1 9
Sproutings, or Branchings, or Arbo-
relTents. Induration and Mollification. Making Tough or Brittle. Volatility and Fixation. Tranfmutation, or Vcrfion.
For Tw&nre 5 It is to be inquired how Metal may be tinged through and through, and with what, and into what Colours^ As tinging Silver Yellow, tinging Cop- per White, and tinging Red, Green, Blew, elpecially with keeping the Luftre.
Item^ Tindure of Glafles. Item^ Tinfture of Marble, Flint, or other Stone.
For turning into T^fft-y two things are chiefly to be inquired , By what Corafives it is done, and into what Colours it turns ^ As Lead into White, which they call Ct^rm 5 Iron into Yellow, which they call Croats t^lartis 5 Quickfilver into Vermilion, Brafs into Green, which they call V^erdigreale.
For Calrimtion^how every Metal is cal- cined, and into what kind of Body, and what is the exquifitefl: way of Calcination.
For Sublimation 5 To enquire the manner
of Subliming, and what Metals indureSut-
I 4 liming:.
120 7 he Lord Bacon's
liming, and what body the Sublimate makes.
For Precipitatiofi likewife^ by what ftrong Water every Metal will precipitate, and with what Additaments, and in what time, and into what body.
So for Amalgama^ what Metals will en- dure it, what are the means to do it, and what is the manner of the body.
For Vitrificaiion likcwifc, what Metals will endure it, what are the means to do it, into what Colour it turns, and further where the whole Metal is turned into Glals, and where the Metal doth but hang in the GlafTy parts, Alfo what weight the Vitrifi- ed body bears, compared with the Crude body 5 Alfo becaufe Vitrification is accoun- ted a kind of Death of Metals, what Vi- trification will admit of turning back again, and what not.
For Dijfolntion into Liquour, we are to enquire what is the proper Me^Jiruum to diflolve any Metal, and in the Negative, what will touch upon the one, and not upon the other, and what feveral Menfirua will diffolve any Metal, and which mofl: exactly. Item the Procefs or Motion of the DifTolution, the manner of rifing, boyl- ing , vapouring more violent , or more gentle, caufing much heat or left. Item
the
^hyftologtcaJ ^mains. 1 1 1
the Quantity or Charge that the ftrong Water will bear, and then give over. Ite^^z the Colour into which the Liquor will turn. Above all it is to be enquired, whe- ther there be any Menjlrmitn to dillblve any Metal that is not Fretting , or Corroding, and openeth the Body by Sympathie, and not by Mordacity, or violent Penetrati- on.
For Sprouting or Bratjchifrg^ though it be a thing but tranfitory, and a kind of Toy or Plealure, yet there is a more ferious ufe of it ^ for that it difcovereth the delicate ^*'^tion?^ of Spirits, when they put forth nd cannot get forth, like unto that which is I.. Vegetables.
For Induration , or Mollification 5 It is to be enquired what will make Metals har- der and harder, and what will make them fbfterand fofter. And this enquiry tendeth to two ends : Firft, for life 5 As to make Iron (oft by the Fire makes it Malleable. Secondly, Becaufe Induration is a degree towards Fixation, and Mollification to- wards Volatility, and therefore the Enqui- ry of them will give light towards the other.
For Tough and Brittle^ they are much of the fame kind, but yet worthy of an En- quiry apart , efpeciaHy to joyn Hardnefs
with
Ill Tl^e Lord Bacon's
with Toughnefs, as making Gla(s malleable, d^c, and making Blades ftrong, to refift and pierce, and yet not eafie to break.
For VolatilHy and Fixation. It is a Prin- cipal Branch to be enquired : The utmoft degree of Fixation is that whereon no Fire will work, nor ftrong Water joyned with Fire, if there be any fuch Fixation poffible. The next is when Fire fimply will not work without ftrong Waters. The next is by the Teft. The next is when it will indure Fire not blown, or (uch a ftrength of Fire. The next is when it will not indure, but yet is malleable. The next is when it is not malleable, but yet is not fluent, but ftupified. So of Volatility, the utmoft degree is when it will flie away without returning. The next is when it will flie up, but with ea(e return. The next is when it will flie upwards over the Helm by a kind of Exufflation without Vapouring. The next is when it will melt, though not rife. The next is when it will (often, though not melt. Of all thefe di- ligent Enquiry is to be made in feveral Metals, especially of the more extreme degrees.
For Tranfmiitation ^ or Verfion. If it be real and true, it is the furtheft part of Art, and would be well diftinguilhed,
from
^hyjiological ^mains. 12^
from Extradion , from Rcftitution , and from Adulteration. I hear much of turn- ing Iron into Coppery I hear al(b of the growth of Lead in weight, which cannot be without a Converfion of fome body in- to Lead : but whatfoever is of this kind, and well exprefled, is diligently to be in- quired, and fet down.
DoBor Meverery Jnfwers to the Lord Bacon'i Quejiions^ concern ng the Ta- nation of Metals and Minerals.
I. UOr Tm&itres^ there are none that I know, but that rich variety which fprings from mixture of Metals with Me- tals, or impcrfed: Minerals.
2. The impcrfeft Metals are fubjeft to ruft^ all of them except Mercury, which is made into Vermilion by Solution, or Calcination. The reft are rufted by any fait, (bwr, or acid Water. Lead into a white body called Cmtfja. Iron into a pale red called Ferrugo. Copper is turned into green, named Mmgo^ Ms Vrnde. Tin into white. But this is not in uie, nei- ther hath it obtained a name.
The
1 24 Tlje L ord Bacon's
The Scriptures mention therufl: of Gold, but that's in regard of the Allay.
3. Calcirtatior?. All Metals may be" cal- cined by ftrong Waters, or by admixtion of Salt, Sulphur, and Mercury. The im- perfed Metals may be Calcined by conti- nuance of fimple Fire ^ Iron thus calci-
*ned is called Croats Mart is.
And this is their beft way. Gold and Silver are beft calcined by Mercury. Their Colour is Gray. Lead calcined is very Red. Copper, duskie Red.
4. Mctzh are fMmed by joyning them with Mercury, or Salts. As Silver with Mercury , Gold with Sal Armoniac, Mer- cury with Vitriol.
5. Predpitatiof?^ is, when any Metal be- ing dillolved into a ftrong Water, is bea- ten down into a Powder by fait Water. The chiefeft in this kind is Oyl of Tartar.
6. Amalgamation^ is the joyning, or mix- ing of Mercury with any other of the Me- tals. The manner is this, in Gold, the reft are anfwerable ; Take fix parts of Mer- cury, make them hot in a Crufible, and pour them to one part of Gold made red- hot in another Crufible, ftir the(e well together that they may incorporate; which done, caft the Mais into cold Water and wafh it. This is called the Amalgama of Gold. 7. For
Thyjhlogical ^mains, 1 1 j
7. For Vitrification, All the imperfed Metals may be turned by ftrong Fire into Glals, except Mercuty 5 Iron into Green ^ Lead into Yellow 5 Brafs into Blew 5 Tin into pale Yellow. For Gold and Silver, I have not known them Vitrified, except joyned with Antimony. Thefe Glaflie bo- dies may be reduced into the form of Mi- neral bodies.
8. DiJJolutiofi. All Metals, without ex- ception, may be dilTolved.
1. Iron may be diflolved by any tart,{a]t, or vitriolated Water , yea , by common Water, if it be firft calcined with Sulphur. It diffolves in ^quaforti with great ebulli- tion and heat, into a'red Liquor, (b red as Blood.
2. Lead is fittieft diflolved in Vinegar, into a pale Yellow , making the Vinegar very fvveet.
3. Tin is beft diflolved with diftilled Salt-water. It retains the colour of the ^[enjlrimm,
4. Copper diflblves as Iron doth, in the (ame Liquor , into a Blew.
5. Silver hath his proper Mc>?jlmum^ which is Aquafortis, The colour is Green, with great heat and ebullition.
6. Gold is diilolved with Aqua Regia, into a yellow Liquor, with little heat or ebullition. 7. Mercury
ii6 Tl?e Lord B2iCons
7. Mercury is diilolved with much heat and boyhng, into the (ame Liquors which Gold and Silver are. It alters not the colour of the (^enjirmtr/t.
Note. Strong Waters may be charged with half their weight of fixed Metals, and equal of Mercury 5 if the Workman be skilful.
9. Sprmtifjg, This is an accident of dif- iblution. For if the (^e^Jirmw be over- charged, then within (hort time the Metals will (hoot into certain Cryftals.
10. For Induration , or ^ollificAtmi^ they depend upon the quantity of fixed Mercury and Sulphur. I have obferved little of them, neither of Toughnefs nor Bitternefs.
1 1 . The degrees of Fixation and Volatility I acknowledg , except the two utmoft, which never were obferved.
12. The Queftion of Tranfnmtation is very doubtful. Wherefore I refer your Honour to the fourth Tome of Theatrum Chyminim : and there, to that Trad which is entituled Difquifitio Heliana 5 where you fliall find full (atistaclion.
The
^hyjiolcgical ^mains* 117
77;e Lord Bacon'y Inquiries concermig Metals and Minerals. The fourth Letter of the Crofs-Row, touching ^ejiitution.
Flrft, Therefore it is to be inquired in the Negative, what Bodies will never return, either by their extreme Fixings 5 as in fome Vitrifications, or by extreme Volatility.
It is alfo to be inquired ofthe two me?.ns of Redudion 5 and firft by the Fire, which is but by congregation of Homogenial parts.
The (econd is, by drawing them down by fome Body that hath confent with them. As Iron draweth down Copper in Water 5 Gold drawTth Quick-Silver in vapour 5 whatfoever is of this kind, is very diligent- ly to be inquired.
Alfo it is to be inquired what time, or age, will reduce without help of fire, or body.
Alfo it is to be inquired what gives im- pediment to Union, or Reflitution, which is fometimes called Mortification 3 as when
Quick-
1x8 T/;e Lord Bacon's
Quick-Silver is mortified with Turpentine, Spittle, or Butter.
Laftly, It is to be inquired how the Me- tal reftored, difFereth in any thing from the Metal rare ^ as whether it become not more churlifti, altered in colour, or the like.
DoEior Meverer^ Jnfwers touching the ^ejlitutions of Metals and Mine- rals.
R Eduction is chiefly effected by Fire, wherein if they ftand and nele, the imperfect Metals vapour away, and fo do all manner of Salts which feparated them in minimas partes before.
Reduction is fingularly holpen by joyn- ing ftore of Metal of the fame nature with it in the melting.
Metals reduced are ibmewhat churlifh, but not altered in colour.
Th
Thyjiologtcal ^mms. 129
The Lor J VerulamV Inquificion concern^ ingthe Verfions^ Tr an f mutations^ Mul- tiplicationsy and EffeBms of Bodies^ written hy him onpncdly in EnglifJ?^ hut not hitkrto fublijhed in that Lan- guage,
EArth by Fire is turned into Brick, ^erer'- which is of the nature of a Stone, ^^11:^^1 and ferveth for Building as Stone doth; And the like of Tile.
Naphtha^ which was the Bituminous Mortar, u(ed in the Walls of T^abjlo?/^ grows to an entire and very hard Matter fike a Stone.
In Clay Countries, where there is Peb- ble and Gravel, you (hall find great Stones, where you may fee the Pebbles, or Gra- vel, and between them a Subftance of Stone as hard, or harder than the Pebble it felE
There are fome Springs of Water, where- in if you put Wood, it will turn into the nature of Stone: So as that within the Water fhall be Stone, and that above the Water continue Wood.
K The
120 The Lord Bacon's
The (lime about the Reins and Bladder in Man s Body , turns into Stone : And Stone islikewile found often in the Gall, and fometimes, though rarely, in Vem
Quere what time the (ubftance of Earth in Quarries , asketh to be turned into Stone ?
Water, as it feems, turneth into Cryftal, as is feen in divers Caves, where the Cry- ftal hangs in Stillicidm,
Try Wood, or the Stalk of Herbs, bu- ried in Quickfilver, whether it will not grow hard and ftony ?
They (peak of a Stone engendred in a Toad's head.
There was a Gentleman, digging in his Moat, found an Egg turned into Stone, the VVhite and the Yolk keeping their Co- lour, and the Shell ghftring, like a Stone cut with corners.
Try (bmethings put into the bottom of a Well ^ As Wood, or (bme (oft Subftance : but let it not touch the W^ater, becau(e it may not putrify.
They (peak, that the White of an Egg, with lying long in the Sun will turn Stone.
Mud in Water turns into (hells of Fi(hes, as in Hor(e-Mufcles3 in fre(h Ponds, old
and
n
^hyjiolo^icd ^mains. i J i
and overgrown. And the fiibftance is a wondrous fine fubftance, light and (hi- ning.
j Speech touching the recovering of 'Drowned JMineral V/orh^ prepared for the Parliament ( as Mr. Sup^el affirmed ) by the Vifcount of St. Jlhansy then Lord High Chancel- lor of Emland, (a) OO see
o ^ '^ Mr. Bee's
Extr.uT.
My Lords and Gentlemen, ^' '^' '^•
^He King^ my Rojal Maflcr^ was lately (^gracioiifly^ ^leafed to move fome Dip- courfc to me concer?m7g Mr. Sutton's Hofpita], andjitch like worthy Foundations of memo^ rahle Piety : Wkich htimbly feconded by wy . fclf drew his Majejly into a ferions cofifide^ ration of the Mineral Trcafnres of his ow?z Territories^ and the pra&ical difcoz^eries of them by way of my Philofophical Theory: Which he then fo well refented^ that^ after-, wards ^ upon a mature digejiion of my whole Defign^ he commanded me to let your Lord- Jlyips underjiandj how great an inclinatio?i He hath to further fo hopefid a Work^^ for the K 2 Honour
T
1 5 1 7k Lord Bacon's
Honour of his Domimons^ as the ntofl proba- hle nicins to rdic've all the T^oor thereof nit h- out any other Stoch^ or BenevoleKce^ than that which Divine Bounty Jloould confer on their own Indufiries and honeji Labours^ in reco- vering all fuch Drowned Mineral Works as have been^ or full be^ therefore, defer^ ted.
And, my Lords , All that is noW deftr^d of his Majefty and your Lordfjips, is no more than a gracious Ad of thisprefent Parliament to authori'Le Them herein^ adding a Mercy to a l^hinificcnce, which is, the Perjons of fuch flrong and able T^etty-Felons , who, in true penitence for their Crimes, f)all implore his Majefly's Mercy and Permijf/on to expiate their Offences by their Ajfiduous Labours^ ift fo innocent and hopeful a Work.
For, by this unchangeable way (my Lords) have I propojed to ereU the Ac^idemical Fa- ^\ brie of this Jfla?td's Salomon's Houfe, mo-* delled in my New Atlantis. And I can hope (my Lords') that my I^ijdnighi Studies ta mah^ our Countries flourifi and outvy Euro* pean Neighbours in myflerious and beneficent .Arts , have not fo ingratefully affb&ed the whole Intelle&s, that you will delay or reflfi his Majejiys defirer, and my humble Petition in this '^Denevoient, yea, Magnificent Affair 5 Since your Honour able Pojhritus may be in-
riched
^hyjiohgical (^mahisl i j ?
rkhed thereby^ and my Rnds are only ^ to mak^ the World my Heh\ a?7d the learned Fa- thers of my Salomon's Houfc, the fucccjjive andfivorn Trajlees in the diJpenfatJon of this great Service^ for God's Glory^ my Prince's Magnificence^ this Parliaments Honom\ our Countries general Good^ and the propagation of my own Memory,
And I may ajfnre your Lordfiips^ that all my Propojiils in order to this great ^rchitype^ feemed fo rational and feafahle to my Royal Soveraign , our Chriftian Salomon , thai /, thereby^ prevailed with his Jldajcjly to call this Honourable Parliament^ to Confirm and Impower me in my own way of Mjyiing^ by an Act of the fame ^ after his ^Majeflys more ^ weighty Affairs were confidered in your Wif- V doms'^ both which he de (ires your Lordfhips, and you Gentlemen that are chofen as the Patriots of your ref^eclive Countries^ to tak^ Jpeedy care of: Which done^ I jhall not then doubt the happy Iffue of nty Undertakings in this Deffgn^ whetrby concealed Treafures^which 710W feem utterly loji to Manl^ind^ fiall be confined to fo univerfal a Piety ^ and brought into ufe by the indufiry of Converted Peni- tents^^whofe wretched Carcafes the Impartial Laws have , or JJjall dedicate , as untimely Feajis^ to the Worms of the Earthy in whoje Womb thofc defcrted mineral riches muft ever K 2 lie
J 4 The Lor J Bacon's
Ik hurkd as lofl ^bortments^ ufilefs thofe be piade the aBive Midmves to deliver them* For^ my Lords^ I humbly coficewe Them to be the jittefl of all Men to effe& this great Work , for the Ends aad Caiifes which! have before exprejfed.
All which ^ my Lords^ I humbly refer to your Grave and Solid Judgments to conclude of together with fuch other ^jjijiances to this Frame^ as your own Oraculous Wifdom JImll intimate for the <3^agnifying our Creator^ in his infcrutable T?rovidence^ and admirable Works of Nature.
Certain Experiments viade^ hy the Lord Bacon, ahout Weight in Air and Water.
A New Soveraign of equal Weight in the Air to the piece in Bra(s, over- weigheth in the Water 9 Grains. In three Soveraigns the difference in the Water is but 2 4 Grains.
The fame Soveraign overvveigheth an e- qual weight of Lead, 4 Grains in the Wa- ter , in Braft Grains for Gold. In three {soveraigns about 1 1 Grains.
The iame Soveraign overvveigheth an e-
qual
^hyjiohgtcal ^mainsl i j 5
qual weight of Stones in the Air, at leaft 6$ Grains in the Water. The Grains being for the weight of Gold, in Brafs Metal.
A Clals filled with Water weighing, in Troy Weights, 13 ounces and 5 drams, the Glals and 'the Water together, weigh- eth (everally, viz. The Water 9 ounces and a half^ and the Glafs 4 ounces and a dram.
A Bladder weighing 2 ounces 7 drams and a halfj a Pebble layed upon the top of the Bladder makes 3 ounces 6 drams and a halfj the Stone weigheth 7 drams.
The Bladder (as above) blown, and the (ame fallen, weigheth equal.
A Spunge dry weigheth i ounce, 76 ^^n grains : The fame Spunge being wet, weigh- 'j^jmg^ eth 14 ounces, 6 drams, and 3 quarters: the Water weigheth in (everal 1 1 ounces, one dram, and a half 5 and the Spunge 5 ounces, and a halfj and 3 quarters of a dram.
The Spunge and Water together weigh Second 1 5 ounces , and 7 drams : in (everal the Time, Water weigheth 1 1 ounces, and 7 drams, and the Spunge 3 ounces, 7 drams and a half
Three Soveraigns made equal to a weight in Silver in the Air, differeth in the Water.
K 4 For
,3<5
T/;e Lor J Bacon's
For falfe Weights, on^ Beam long, the other thick.
The Stick and Thread weigh half ^ dram, and 20 grains, being laid in the Ballance.
The Stick tied to reach within half an inch of the end of the Beam, and fo much from the Tongue, weigheth 28 grains 5 the difference is 22 grains.
The lame Stick being tied to hang over the end of the Beam an inch and ahalf^ weigheth half a dram, and 24 grains 5 ex- ceeding the weight of the {aid Stick in the Ballance by 4 grains.
The lame Stick being hanged down be- neath the Thread as near the Tongue as is pofiible, weigheth only 8 grains.
Two weights of Gold being made equal in the Air, and weighing feverally 7 drams 5 the one Ballance being put into the Wa- ter, and the other hanging in the Air, the Ballance in the Water weigheth only 5 drams and 3 grains, and abateth of the weight in the Air i dram, and a half, and 27 grains.
The fame trial being made the fecond time, and more truly and exaftly betwixt Gold and Gold , weighing feverally ( as above) and making a juft and equal weight in the Air, the one Ballance being put in- to
Thyjiological ^mains. \ 3 7
to the Water, the depth of five inches, and the other hanging in the Air, the Bal- lance in the Water weigheth only 4 drams, and 55 grains, and abateth of the weight in the Air 2 drams, and 5 grains.
The trial being made betwixt Lead and I-ead, weighing ieverally 7 drams in the Air, the Ballance in the Water weigheth only 4 drams, and 41 grains, and abateth of the weight in the Air 2 drams and 19 grains 5 the Ballance kept the j^me depth in the Water, as abovelaid.
The trial being made betwixt Silver and Silver, weighing (everally 7 drams in the Air, the Ballance in the Water weigheth - only 4 drams, and 2 5 grains. So it aba- teth 2 drams, and 5 5 grains 5 the fame depth in the Water obferved.
In Iron and Iron, weighing (everally each Ballance, in the Air 7 drams, the Bal- lance in the Water weigheth only 4 drams and 1 8 grains 5 and abateth of the weight in the Air 2 drams, and 42 grains , the depth obferve as above.
In Stone and Stone, the (ame weight of 7 drams, equally in the Air, the- Ballance in the Water weigheth only 2 drams, and 22 grains, and abaterfi of the weight in the Air 4 drams, and 58 grains 3 the depth gs above.
In
I J 8 Tl^e Lord Bacon's
In Brafs and Brafs, the lame weight of 7 drams, in each Balknce, equal in the Air, the Ballance in the Water weigheth only 4. drams, and 2 2 grains, and arateth in the Water 2 drams, and 38 grains 5 the depth obrer\'ed.
The two Ballances being weighed in Air and Water, the Ballance in the Air overvveigheth the other in the Water one dram, and 2 8 grains 5 the depth in the Wa- ter as aforefaid.
It is a profitable Exferiment which (hew- eth the weights of feveral Bodies in com- parifon with Water. It is of ufe in lading of Ships, and other Bottoms, and may help to (hew what Burthen, in the feveral kinds, they will bear.
Qertain fudden Ihoughts of the Lord Bacon'5, fet down^ by /;/?«, under the Title of Experimencs for Profit.
MUck of Leaves. Muck of Pviver, Earth, and Chalk. Muck of Earth doled , both for Salt- Peter and Muck. Setting of WTieat and Peafe.
Mending
^hyfological ^mains, 1 2 p
Mending of Crops by fteeping of Seeds. Making Peafe , Cherries , and Straw- berries come early. Strengthening of Earth for often returns
of Eludifhes, Parfnips, Turnips, d^c. Making great Roots of OnionSjKadilhes,
and other Efculent roots. Sowing of Seeds of Trefoil. Setting of Woad. Setting of Tobacco, and taking away
the rawness, prafting upon Boughs of old Trees. Making of a hafty Coppice. Planting of Oliers in wet Grounds. Making of Candles to laft long, puilding of Chimneys , Furnaces , and CHtus, to give Heat with lefs Wood. Fixing of Log- Wood. Other means to make Yellow and Green
fixed. Conferving of Orenges,Limons, Citrons,
Pomgranats, d^c. all Summer. Recovering of Pearl, Coral, Turchoife, Colour, by a Confervatory of Snow. Sowing of Fennel.
Brewing with Hay,Haws,Trefoil, Broom, Heps, Bramble-Berries, Woodbines, wildThime, inftead of Hops, Thirties. Multiplying and Dreffing Artichokes.
Certam
f 4P Tl^^ ior J Bacon's
Certain Experiments, of the Lord Ba- con'j , about the Commixture of Liquors only , not Solids , without Heat or Agucitiony hut only by fimple Compoficion, and Settling.
Spirit of Wine mingled with common Water, although it be much lighter than Oyl, yet fo, as if the firft fall be bro- ken, by means of a Sop, or otherwife, it ftayeth above 5 and, if it be once min- gled, it fevereth not again, as Oyl doth. Tried with 'Water coloured with Saffron.
Spirit of Wine, mingled with common Water, hath a kind of clouding, and mo- tion (hewing no ready Commixture. Tried with Saffron.
A dram of Gold diflblved in Jqua Regis ^ with a dram of Copper in ^qua. forti com- mixed, gave a Green Colour, but no vi- fible motion in the parts. Note, That the diilolution of the Gold, was twelve parts Water, to one part Body; And of the Copper was fix parts Water, to one part Body. ' Oyl
^hyjiologtcal ^ma'ms, 141
Oyl of Almonds commixed with Spirit of Wine, fevereth, and the Spirit of Wine remaineth on the top, and the Oyl in the bottom.
- Gold diflblved commixed with Spirit of "Wine, a dram of each, doth commix, and no other apparent alteration.
Quick-filver dilTolved with Gold diflbl- ved, a dram of each, doth turn to a moul- dy Liquor, black, and hke Smith's water.
Note, TThe diflblution of the Gold was twelve parts Water, ut fipra^ and one part Metal : That of Water was two parts, and one part Metal.
Spirit of Wine, and Quick-filver com- mixed, a dram of each, at the firft (hew- ed a white Milky fubftance at the top, but fbon after mingled.
Oyl of Vitriol commixed with Oyl of Cloves, a dram of each , turneth into a red dark Colour 5 and a (ubftance thick, almoft like Pitch : And upon the firft mo- tion gathereth an extream Heat, not to be endured by touch.
Diflblution of Gold, and Oyl of Vitriol commixed, a dram of each, gathereth a great Heat at the firft, and darkneth the Gold, and maketh a thick Yellow.
Spirit of Wine, and Oyl of Vitriol, a dram of each, hardly mingle 5 the Oyl
of
%^i TT;e lor J Bacon's
of Vitrriol going to the bottom, and the Spirit of Wine lying above in a Milky fub- ftance. It gathereth alfo a gre^t Heat, and a (weetnels in the Tafte.
Oyl of Vitriol and diflblution of Quick- filver, a dram of each, maketh anextream ftrife, and cafteth up a very grofs fume^ and after cafteth down a white kind of Curds, or Sands 5 and on the top a flimifh fubftance, and gathereth a great Heat.
Oyl of Sulphur, and Oyl of Cloves com- mixed, a dram of each, turn into a thick and red-coloured (iibftance, but no fuch Heat, as appeared in the Commixture with the Oyl of Vitriol.
Oyl of Petroleum, and Spirit of Wine, a dram of each, intermingle otherwife than by Agitation, as Wine and Water do 5 and the Petroleum remaineth on the top.
Oyl of Vitriol, and Petroleum, a dram of each, turn into a mouldy Subftance, and gathereth (bme warmth^ there red- ding a black cloud in the bottom, and a monftrous thick Oyl on the top.
Spirit of Wine, and Red-wine Vinegar, one ounce of each, at the firft fall, one of them remaineth above, but by Agitation they mingle.
Oyl of Vitriol, and Oyl of Almonds, one ounce of each, mingle not, but the
Oyl
^hyjiologkal ^mainsl 14}
Oyl of Almonds remaineth above.
Spirit of Wine, and Vinegar, an ounce of each, commixed, do mingle, without a- ny apparent feparation, which might be in relped: of the Colour.
Diffolution of Iron, and Oyl of Vitriol, a dram of each, do firft put a Milky fub- ftance into the bottom 5 and after incorpo- rate into a mouldy Subftance.
Spirit of Wine commixed with Milk, a third part Spirit of Wine, and two parts Milk, coagulateth little, but mingleth 3 and the Spirit fwims not above.
Milk and Oyl of Almonds mingled, in equal portions, do hardly incorporate, but the Oyl cometh above, the Milk being pouredinlaft^ and the Milk appearethin fome drops, or bubbles.
Milk one ounce, Oyl of Vitriol a fcru- ple, doth coagulate 5 the Milk at the bot- tom where the Vitriol goeth.
DitTolution of Gum Tragaca^th^ and Oyl of Sweet Almonds, do not commingle, the Oyl remaining on the top, till they be ftir- red, and make the Mufelates fomewhat more liquid.
DilTolution of Gum Tragacar.th ^ one ounce and a half, with half an ounce of Spirit of Wine, being commixed by Agita- tion, make the Mufelates more thick.
The
t44 The Lord Bacons
The White of an Egg with Spirit of Wine, doth bake the Egg into Clots, as if k began to Poch.
One ounce of Blood, one ounce of Milk, do eafily incorporate.
Spirit of Wine doth curdle the Blood.
One ounce of Whey unclarified, one ounce of Oyl of Vitriol, make no apparent alteration.
One ounce of Blood, one ounce of Qyl of Almonds, incorporate not, but the Oyl fwims above.
Three quarters of an ounce of Wax, be- ing diflblved upon the Fire, and one ounce of Oyl of Almonds put together and ftir- red, do not fb incorporate, but that when it is cold, the Wax gathereth and fwims up- on the top of the Oyl.
One ounce of Oyl of Almonds, caft into an ounce of Sugar (eething, (ever prefently, the Sugar (hooting towards the bottom. »
A
fhyjiologicd ^mainsf
M5
A Catalogue of Bodies , JttrafUve^ and not JttraBiVe , made by the Lord®^fo?i, together with Expe- rimental Obfervations about At- traEiion,
Thefe following Bodies, Draw.
A Mber^Jeat^ Diamotid^ Saphire^ Carbtm- •^^ r/e, Iris , the Gem. Opate , Amethiji^ BrijioUwa , Cryftal , Clear Glafs^ Giafi of Antimony^ divers Flowers from Mi^es^ Sul- phur^ Mafiick-i hard fealing Wax ^ the hardier Rofif?^ ^rfenic.
Thefe following Biodies, do not Draw.
Smaragd^ Achates^ Corneolus ^ Pearly Ja- fpk ^ ChakedoTionius ^ ^AlablaHcr^ Porphyrie^ Coral^ Marble^ Touch-Stone , Hematites , or Blood-fione , Suiyris , Ivmy , Bones , Eben^ Tree , Cedar , Cyprejs , Pitch , y3//er i^^//;»7, Camphire , Galbanum , Ammoniac , Storax^ Benjoin, Load-fione^ ^ ^j^haltum. j,a*Jn-
of Iron ex-
Thefe Bodies, G^/^, 5/7^'er, T5r^/, 7m;, "i'^^'^- draw not, though never fo finely poliQied. L In
14^ •Tfc Lord Bacon's
In Wi?jter^ if the Air be fharp and clear, Sal Gemmeum^ T{ock,Alum^ and ha^is Sfe- adurk will draw.
T-hefe following Bodies are apt to be Dravprtj if the Ma(s of them be (mall.
Chajf^ IVoodsj Leaves^ Stones^ all Metals henxd^ and in the Mine 5 Earthy Water , OjiL
Si fat ^^cr(brium ex a^etel/o aliquOy more Jndicis <^Iagnetici^ d^ Ji'ni alteri apponattrr fiiccimtm , kniter fricatum , verforinm con- 'vcrtit fe.
Succinum calefadum ah Igne^ (I've tepeat^ pz'e ferzeat^ jive injiummetM\ nontrahit.
Bacillum ferreum candens, Flamma, Can- dela ardcns, Carbo ignitus, admota feliucis ant verfuriis^ 7ion trahmit.
Succinum /// majore mole^ p.frerit folitum^ allicit^ licet tion fricatum ^ (i in mimrc^ ant impirJKs^ {ine friciione non trahit,
Cryftallus , Lapis Specularis , Vitrum, Fli'&ricii cetera , // m'antM\ ant torreantur^ non irahwit.
Fix
^hyjiolopcal ^mains, ' 1 47
Pix. <
Refina moUior. Benjoin. Afphaltum.
H<fc ccelo caJidiore neutiqiiam prorfus tra-
Camphora. <,hiwt , at tempore frigi-
Galbanum. diore ohfcnre C^ iiifrme
Ammoniacum. trahimt.
Storax.
Afla. j
Vapid us Aer ficri^Oj Sec. afflatu^^ vel a!? ire^ ^el ub Acre humidiore^ virtntem trakendi Itjfocat,
Si charta aiit linteum wterpotiatur wter uccimtm (^ pdeam^ 77on fit niotus ant ^- ra&io.
Succinum ant Ele&rka cakfu&a ex T^adiis ^olk^ non expergefiunt ad trahendnm^ (icnt ex Fricfione.
Succinum frkatnm^ C^ Radi/s Solk expo- Itnm dmtrus vires trahendi retitjet^ ncc tarn itl) eas depomt ac (I in umbra podtHm ejjct.
Fervor ex (peculo comburente fiwcino^ kc. conciliutm^ f7on jnvat ad trakenditm.
Sulphur accenlum, d^ Cera dura it^flam- nata^ non trahnnt.
Succinum cum citijjime a fri&ione^ fejluc<e vel verforio apponitur^ optime trahit.
Virtws EkClricOr z'iget in retentione ad tern- L 2 pus
148 ^ he Lord Bacon's
pus^ rion minus quam in Attractione prim >
Flamma dppoftto ficcifio intra orbem ^cit- vituiis non trakiUtr.
Gutta Aqu^ admoto fitnino trahitur in Conum. EIe&rii:a^ (I dnrius affricentur^ im- peditur jittraciio,
. ^v£ d'gre dlliciunt in claro cwlo, in crajjo non moment.
Aqua impofita (iicdno zirtutem irahendi fitjfocat^ Ijcet ipjitm Aqnam traJjat.
Sarca ita fuccino cirawdatum^ ut tan" gat^ dittraclivnc tollit-'^ fid jnterpojitum ut non tangat^ non onmino tollit.
Oieum fiu'cino appodtum motum nou impe- dit 5 nee fticcinum digito oleo madefa&o Jri* catum^ tires trahendi perdit.
Firmius provoiant , C^ ditttius retinent Succjnum, Gngates, d^ hujufmodi^ etiam «?/- nore cam frilhone : ^Adamas Cryfiallum^ Vitntm^ diiitius teri debent^ nt manifejio in- calefiant atitequam trahatit.
^u£ FlammcC approximant^ licet propinqua diUantid^ dfitwcino non trahuntur,
Fumum extin^ia lucerna fitccinum^ &c tralit, Fumusnhi exit ^ craffus eji^ fortius trakit fiiicinum'^ cum afienderit^ ^ rarior Jit^debjliui. Ccrpm ah RleHricis attr actum non manife^Q alieratnr^ Jet tatitum incnfitbit^
The
^hyfiologtcal ^mams. 14^
The fame in Englifli by the Tuhlijher.
IF there be made a Turn-Pin of any Me- tal, after the fafhion of a Magnetic Needle, and Amber be applied to one end of it, after having been gently rubbed, the Pin will turn.
Amber heated by the Fire, be it warm- iQi, hot, or fet on fire, it does not draw.
A little ^ar of Iron red hot^ Flame^ a lighted Cat? die ^ a hot Coal^ put nigh Sheaves (or Straws) or Turn-Pins (or Compals- Needles ) do not draw.
^mher^ in a greater Ma(s, if it be Po- lite, draws, though not rubbed : In a lef- fer quantity, and in a lefs polite Mali, it draws not without rubbing.
Cryiidl ^ Lapis Specjtlaris , GlaJT^ and other flich Electric Bodies, if burnt, or (corch'd, draw not.
Pitchy the fofter Rofj?^ Betijoin^ ^Jphal- tum^ Qamphire^ Galhanum^ j4mmomuc^ Sto- rax^ .Ajfa^ the(e draw not at all when the Air is hot : But when it is cooler, they draw weakly, and (b that we can juft perceive them to do (b.
Realqng j4ir^ blown upon Amber, &c. L 3 from
150 T/;e Lor^ Bacon's
from the Mouth, or from a moifter Atmo- fphere ^ choaketh the attraftive Virtue.
If a Paper ^ or a piece of Lwtien^ be put between ^mher and Chaffl there is no Mo- tion, or Attradion made.
Amber ^ or other Eledrics, warmed by the Sun-beams , have not their attraftive Virtue (b awakened, a^ by Rubbing.
^mber rubb'd, and expofed to the Beams of the Sun, retains its attractive force the longer , and does not (b (bon lofe it, as it would do in the (hadow.
Heat derived from a Burnjng-GlaJ^to Am- ber, &c. does not help its Attradion.
Sulphur, and hard Wax, (et on fire, do not draw.
^mber , when immediately after rub- bing, it is apphed to a Shimr, or a Com- paJi-Needle, draws beft of all.
The Eleftric Virtue is as vigorous, for a time, in its 'Intention, as it was in its firft ^tt, aclion.
Flame ( ^Amber being put within the fphcre of its Aftivity) is not drawn by it.
A drop of Water, ^mber being applied to'vards it, is drawn into a Cotie.
If Eledric Bodies be rubbed too hard, their attraction is, thereby, hindred.
Tiioft Bodies, which in a clear Skie dp fcarce draw, in a thick Air move not at all.
Water
^hyjiological ^mains. i 5 1
Water put upon ^mber choaketh its at- tradlive force, though it draweth the Wa- ter it (elE
Fat "^ fb encompafling ./fmher^ that it * For by toucheth it, takes away its attraftion :, but ^^'"^l^ ^ being fb put betwixt it and the Object to he mean- be drawn, as not to touch it, it doth not^^^^'*'^'''* take it away.
Oyl put upon ^mher^ hinders not its mo- tion : Neither doth .Amber , rubb'd with the Finger moiftned with Oyl, lole itsat- tradive Virtue.
^mher , '^eats , and the like , do more ftrongly excite, and longer retain the Ob- jeds they draw, although the rubbing be but little. But 'Diamonds^ Crjfial^ Ghf^ ought to be rubb'd longer, that they may appear hot, ere they be ufed for attraction.
Flames nigh to Amber ^ though the di- ftance be very (inall, are not drawn by it.
Amber^ %i.c. draw the fmokg of a Lamp newly extinguifh'd.
Amber draws Smoke more jlrovgly when it comes forth, and is more grofs 5 and more weakly^ when it afcends and becomes thin- ner,
A Body drawn byEledric Bodies, is not manifeftly alter'd, but only leans it felf up- on them.
L 4 Baconiwa
"Baconiana <iK£edka.
O R,
REMAINS
O F
Sir Francis Bacon,
Baron of Vemlam^ and Vif- count St. Albans I
Touching
^S\d€dical Matters.
ifii
LONt>ON,
Printed for R. C. at the Ro(e and Crown in St. Fauls Church-yard. 1579.
»55
THE
Lord Bacon's
^Adedical Remains.
ji Medical Taper of the Lord Bacon's, to which he gaVe the Title of Grains of Youth.
Grains of Youth,
TAke of Nitre 4 grains, of Amber- Greafe 3 grains, of Orris-pouder 2 grains,of white Poppy -Seed the fourth part of a grain, of Saffron half a grain,with Water of Orenge Flowers,and a little Tragacanth ^ make them into (mall grains, four in number. To be taken at four a Clock, or going to Bed.
Trc-
156 The Lord Bacon's
T^referving OytJtmcnU
Take of Deers-fuet i ounce, of Myrrh 6 grains, of Saffron 5 grains, ofBay-falt 12 grains, of Canary-Wine of two Years old, a Spoonful and a half:
Spread it on the infideofyour Shirt, and let it dry, and then put it on.
A Purge familiar for opening the Liver,
TakeRubarb 2 drams. Agaric, Trochif^ cat I dramandahalf^ fleepthem in Claret Wine burnt with Mace: Take of Worm- wood I dram, fteep it with the refV, and make a mafs of Pills, with Syrnp, Acetof. iimplex.
But drink an opening Broth before it, with Succory, Fennel, and Smallage Roots, and a little of an Onion.
Wine for the Spirits.
Take Gold perfedly refined 5 ounces, quench it fix or feven times in good Claret Wine : Add of Nitre 6 grains , for two Draughts. Add of Saffron prepared 5 grains, of Amber-greafe 4 grains, pafs it through an Hippocras Bag, wherein there
is
is a dram of Cinamon gro(s beaten, or to avoid the dimming of the Colour, of Gin- ger. Take two Spoonfuls of this to a Draught of frefti Claret Wine.
The Prepatiffg of Sajfron,
Take 6 grains of Saffron, fteept in half parts of Wine and Role-water, and a quar- ter part Vinegar ^ then dry it in the Sun.
Wine agamfi Adverfe Melancholj^ prefirviftg tlie Senfcs and the J^eajbn,
Take the Roots of Buglofs, well (cra- ped, and cleanied from their inner Pkh, and cut them into fmall llices^ fteep them in Wine of Gold extinguifhed ut fap-a^ and add of Nitre 3 grains, and drink it ut fa- pra^ mixed with frefti Wine : The Roots muft not continue fteeped above a quarter of an Hour 5 and they muft be changed thrice.
IBreakJaJi'PreJervative agojnji the Gout and Rheumes.
To take once in the Month at leafl, and for two Days together, one grain of Ca- H^e^y in my ordinary Broth,
T7:e
jr% Tl?e Lord Bacon s
Tke Preparation! of Garlick,
Take Garlick 4 ounces, boyl it upon a fbftFire, in Claret Wine, for half an Hour. Take it out, and fteep it in Vinegar 5 whereto add 2 drams of Cloves, then take it forth, and keep it in a Gla(s for ufe.
The Artificial 'Preparation of DamaskrRofes^ for Smell.
TakePvofo, pull their Leaves, then dry them in a clear Day, in the hot Sun ^ then their foell will be as gone. Then cram them into an Earthen Bottle,-^ very dry and (\veet, and ftop it very clofe ^ they will remain in Smell and Colour both frefhcr, than thole that are otherwife dried. Note, The firft drying, and clofe keeping upon it, preventeth all Putrefadion , and the fecond Spirit cometh forth, made of the remaining Moifture not dilTipated.
Sometimes to add to the Maceration, 3 grains of Tartar, and 2 of Enula, to cut the more heavy and vifcous Humours 5 left Kubarb work only upon the lighteft.
To take fometimes the Oxymel before it, and fometimes the Spanifh Hony fimple.
4
Medical ^^emains. ij^
A Rejiorative Drink,
Take of Indian Maiz half a pound, grind it nol too finall, but to the finenels of ordi- nary Meal, and then bolt and lerce it, that all the husky part may be taken away. Take of Eringium Roots 3 ounces, of Dates as much, of Enula 2 drams, of Mace 5 drams, and brew them with Ten-fhilling Beer, to the quantity of four Gallons : Aiid this do, either by decoding them in a Pottle of Wort, to be after mingled with the Beer, being new tapped, or otherwife infufe it in the New Beer in a Bag.
Uie this familiarly at Meals,
Againfl the wape of the Body by Heat,
Take (weet Pomgranates, and ftrain themhghtly, not preffing the Kernel, into a Glafi ^ where put (bme little of the Peel of a Citron, and two or three Cloves, and three grains of Amber-greale, and a pretty deal of fine Sugar. It is to be drunk every Morning whilft Pomgranates laft.
(iMethnfalem
i6o The LordBzcons
i^fethufdem Water,
Againjt all AJperity and TorrefaUipn of Inward parts^ and all AdttUion of the n^loed^and generally again fi the Drinefs of Age, ' j
Take Crevifes very new, ^. / boyl them well in Claret Wine^ of them take only the fhells, and rub them very clean, efpe- cially on the iniide, that they may be throughly cleanled from the Meat. Then wafh them three or four times in frefh Cla- ret Wine, heated, ftill changing the Wine,- till all the Fith-tafte be quite taken away. But in the Wine wherein they are wafhed, fteep (bme tops of green Rofemary 5 then dry the pure fhell throughl^k, and bring them to an exquifite Pouder. Of this Pouder take 3 drams. Take al(b Pearlj and fteep them in Vinegar twelve Hours, and dry off the Vinegar , of this Pouder alfo 3 drams. Then put the Shell Pouder, and Pearl Pouder together, and add to I them of Ginger one Icruple, and of white Poppy Seed half a (cruple, and fteep them in Spirit of Wine (wherein fix grains of Saffron hath been dillolved ) (even Hours. Then upon a gentle heat, vapour away all
the
5
Medical ^mains. \6\
the Spirit of Wine, and dry the Pouder gainrt the Sun without Fire. Add to it of Nitre one dram, of Amber-greafe one cruj'le and a half ^ and fb keep this Pouder tor u(c, in a clean Glals. Then take a Pottle of Milk, and (lice in it offreih Cu-, :umcrs, the inner Pith only ( the Rind xing pared off) four ounces , and draw forth a Water by Diftillation. Take of Ciaret Wine a Pint, and quench Gold in t four times.
Of the Wine, and of the water of Milk, take of each three ounces, of thf I\)uder- one fcruple, and drink it in the Morning, ftirup the Pouder when you drink, and walk upon it.
J" Catalogue cf Aftringents, Ope- ners, and Cordials, hijlrumental to Health, ColkEled by Sir Francis Bacon, (Baron of Verulam.
Asfrh:gc?7is,
REd Rofe , Blackberry, Myrtle, Plan- tane. Flower of Pomegranate, Mint, Aloes well wafhed, Mirabolanes, Sloes, M Agrefta,
\6i 7 he Lord Bacons
Agrefta, Fraga, Maftich, Myrrh, Saffron,- Leaves of Ro{emary,\Rubarb received by Infufion, Cloves, Service-Berries, Corna, Wormwood, Bole Armeniac, Sealed Earthy Ginque-fbil , Tindure of Steel , Sanguis Dracenis^ Coral, Amber, Quinces, Spike- nard, Galls, Allum, Bloodftone, Mummy; Amomum, Galangal, Cyprcfs, Ivy, Pfyl- lum , Houfeleek , Sallow , Mulleni, Vine, Oak-leaves, Lign- Aloes, Red Sanders, Mul- berrie, Medlers, Flowers of Peach-Trees, Pomegranates , Pears , Palmule , Pith of Kernel^, Purdain, Acacia, handanum^ Tra-^ gacat7th^ This Olibani^ Comfrey, Shepherds- purfe, T^olyg&nium,
Ajirwgents (both hot and cold) vohkk coY' roborate the Parts^ and which confirm^ and refrefjjfoch of them as are lopfe^ or languijl)" ing.
Rofemary, Mint, efpecially with Vine- gar, Cloves, Cinamon, Cardamom, Lign- Aloes, Rofe, Myrtle, Red Sanders, Coto- nea , Red- Wine, Chalybeat-Wine , Five- finger-Grafs, Plantane, Apples of Cyprefs, Barberries , Fraga, Service-Berries , Cor- neille's^ Ribes, Sowr-Pears, Rambefia.
^firin-f
Medical ^mahis. 162
Aftringents Styptic, rvhichj hy thiir Styptic Virtue, mayfiay Fluxes.
Sloes^ Acacia^ T^tid of PamegroTiaies in- fuied, at leaft three Hours, the Styptic Vir- tue not coming forth in leffer time. AIhm^ Galls , Juice of Sallow , Syrup of m/ripe ^inces^ 'BalauJiJa^ the Whiter of Eggr hoyl- ed hard in Vinegar.
Aftringents whuh^ by their cold aftd earthy Nature, may fiay the motion of .the Hu- mours tending to a Flux,
Sealed ^arth., Sanguis Draconis, Coral, Pearls, thcfiel/ of the Fi{h Daffylus.
Aftringents which, by the thickneiS of their Jubjiance, ftufF as it were the thin Hu» mours, and thereby JiayMluxcs,
Rice, Beans, Millet , Cauls , dry Cheife, frefti Goats-Milk,
Aftringents which, by virtue of their Gluti- nous (ubftance,re/^r^7;? a Flux, andfreng- then the looier Parts. * Pe: hapt
r lie meanc
Karabe *, Alajiich, Spodinm, Harts-horn, oiiya oie, M 2 Frankz
164 7heLord Bacon's
Fran\wcer?fe , dried Bulls Piltle , Gfff»
Tragacanth.
Afrringents Purgative, which^hazwg by their pirgative^ or expulfive Power, thrusl out the Humours^ leave iehmd them of Afitri- dive Virtue.
Ruharl\ efpecially that which is tofted againft the Fire 5 Mirabolanes, Tartar, Ta- marinds, [ an h^dian Fruit hke Green Da- malens ].
Aftringents which do very much fuck a^d dry up the Humours, atid thereby Udy Fluxes.
Ruft of Iron, Crocus Martk , Afties of Spices.
Aftringents, which by their V^(ature^ do dull the Spirits, ar^ lay afleep the Expulfive virtue, a^d t^ away the acrimony of all Humours.
luaudarium , Mithridafe 3 Diafcordiunt^ DiacoJfum,
Aftrin-
Medical ^mains, i 6 k
Aftringents, which by cherijlmig the Hre^jgih of the parts J do comfort a7id confirm their Retentive power,
A Stomacher of Scarlet Cloth.
Whelps, or young healthy Boys, appli- to the Stomach.
Hypocratic Wines, fo they be made of auftere Materials.
Sllcchory, Endive, Betony, Liverwort^ Petrofelinum , Smallage , Afparagus , Roots of Graft, Dodder, Tamarisk, Jun- cus Odoratus, Lacca , Copparus , Worm- wood, Chamspitis, Fum.aria, Scurvy-grafs, Eringo, Nettle, Ireos, Elder, Hyllbp, Ari- ftolochia, Gentian, Coftus, Fennel-root, Maidenhair, Harts-tongue, Daffodilly, A(a- rum, Sar^parilla, Safiafras, Acorns, Abre- tonum , Aloes , Agaric , Rubarb infufed. Onions , Garlick , Bother , Squilla , Sow- bread, Indian Nard, Celtic Nard, Bark of Lanrel-Tree, Bitter Almond^^ Holy Thiftle, Camomile, Gun- powder. Sows (Millipe-
M 3 des)
1 6 6 7k Lord Bacon's
des ) Ammoniac, Man's Urine, Rue, Park- Leaves (Vitex) Centaury, Lupines, Cha- msedris, Coftum, Ammeas, Biftort^ Cam- phire, Daucus Seed, Indian Balfam, Scor- dium, Sweet Cane, Galingal, Agrimony.
Qordials.
F Lowers of Bafil Royal, Flores Caryophil- lati^ Flowers of Buglols and Borage, Rind of Citron, Orenge-Flowers , Rofe- mary , and its Flowers , Saffron , Musk, Amber, Folium, Qf. e, Nardi Folium,] Balm-Gentle, Pimpernel, Gems, Gold, Generous 'Wines, Fragrant Appks, Role, l^ofd Mofchata^ Cloves, Lign- Aloes, Mace, Cinamon, Nutmeg, Cardamom^ Galingal, Vinegar, Kermes-berry, Herba ^lofihata^ Betony, White Sanders, Camphire, Flow- ers of Heliotrope, Penny-royal, Scordium^ Opium correfted. White Pepper, Naftur- tium, v/hite and red Bean, Caftum Dulce, Daftylus, Pine, Fig, Egg- (hell, ViftumMal- vaikitm^ Ginger, Kidneys, Oyfters, Cre- vifes (or River-Crabs) Seed of Nettle, Oyl of Sweet Almonds, Sefammm Oleum^ Asparagus, Bulbous Roots, Onions, Gar- lick, Eruca, Daucus Seed, Eringo, Sikr
Mon-
Medical ^mains. 167
' ^otitdnuf^ the fmell of Mwskfiyjiethi Odor^ Caraway Seed, Flower of Pules, Annifced, Pellitory, anointing of the Tefticlcs with Oyl of Elder, in which Pellitory hath been boyl'd, Cloves with Goats-Milk, Oli- banum.
^n ExtraB hy the Lord Eacon, for his own ufe^ out of the 'Book of the Pro- longation of Lifey together with fome new Advices in order to Health.
I. /^Nce in the Week, or at leaft in V^ the Fornight, to take the Water of Mithridate di^illed^ with three parts to one, or Strawberry-water to allay it ^ and (bme grains of Nitre and Saffron , in the Morning between deeps.
2. To continue my Broth with Nitre -^ but to interchange it every other two Days, with the Juyce of Pomgranates exprefled, with a little Cloves, and Rind of Citron.
3. To order the taking; of , ,,. .„,,,. r >
thQ MaCerat70»y * as follow- ,„uadr^»^i>fofrph,rc^'sne
^Xh» '*"'' ^^^^ » '^'^i'f-'^ tagetber^
T^ 11. ^1 «^r ,. forthefp^tceofhalfanHoir.
lO add to the ^Uuceratj- 'o^ce .nfix or focn Days. See
OMi fix grains of CremorTar- the LoABa.cn^ I iic by Dr.
uri, and as much Enula. ^''"'^^' ^""^^'^^ '^' '''^'
M 4 To
\6i The Lor J Bacon's
To add to the Oxymel^ fbme Infufion of Fennel-roots in the Vinegar, and four grains of Angelica-(eed, and Juyce ofLi- mons, a third part to the Vinegar.
To take it not (b immediately before Sup- per :, and to have the Broath (pecially made with Barley^ Rojewary^ Thyme^ and Crejfes,
4. To take once in the Month at leafl, and for two Days together, a grain and a, half of Caftor in my Broath, and Break- faft.
5. A Cooling Clyfter to be ufed once a Month, after the working of the Macerati- on is (ettled.
Take of Barley-water , in which the Roots of Buglofs are boyled, three ounces, with two drams of Red-San- ders, and two ounces of Raifins of the Sun, and one ounce of Dadyles, and an ounce aiid a half of Fat Ga- ry cks, let it be ftrained,and add to it an ounce and a half of Syrup of Vio- lets : Let a Clyfter be made.
Let this be taken (with Veal) in the aforeiaid Decodion.
6. To take every Morning, the Fume of Lign- Aloes, Rofemary and Bays dried, with Juyce 5 but once in a Week to add a little Tobacco, without otherwile taking it ia a Pipe.
7. To
Medical ^ma'ms. \6^
7. To appoint every Day an Hour, ad Affe&tts hjtefjtiofiaks d^ fatios, ^/. de par- tufilari.
8. To remember Maftichatories for the Mouth.
9. And Orenge-flower Water to be fmelt to, or fnuffed up.
10. In the third Hour after the Sun is rifen, to take in Air from fbme high and open Place, with a ventilation of Rofe Mofchat£^ and frelh Violets, and to ftir the Earth , with infufion of Wine and Mint.
11. To ufe Ale with a little Enula Cam- pana, Carduus, Germander, Sage, Ange- lica Seed, CrelTcs of a middle age, to be- get a robuft heat.
12. Mithridate thrice a Year.
13. A bit of Bread dipt in Vino Odorato^ with Syrup of dry Roles , and a little Amber, at going to Bed.
14. Never to keep the Body in the (ame "pofture above half an Hour at a time.
15. Four Precepts. To break off Cu- ftom. To (hake off Spirits ill difpofed. To meditate on Youth. To do nothing againft a Man's Genius.
16. Syrup of Quinces for the Mouth of |he Stomach. Enquire concerning other things ufeful in that kind.
17. To
J-
J 70 The Lord Bacon's
17. To u(e once during Suppef time. Wine in which Gold is quenched.
18. To u(e anointing in the Morning lightly with Oyl of Almonds, with Salt and Saf&on, and a gentle rubbing.
19. Ale of the fecond Infufion of the 'Vine of Oak.
20. Methufalem Water, of Pearls and Shells, of Crabs, and a little Chalk.
. 21. Ale of Raifins, Daftyles, Potatoes, Piftachios, Hony, Tragacanth, Maftich.
22. Wine with Swines-flefti, or Hart^- flelh.
. 23. To drink the firft Cup at Supper hot, and half an Hour before Supper, fome- thing hot and Aromatiz'd.
24. Chaly beats, four times a Year.
2 5. T^iluU ex tribf^,once in two Months, but after the Ma(s has been macerated in Oyl of Almonds.
26. Heroic Defires.
27. Bathing of the Feet once in a Month, with Lie ex Sale mgro^ Camomile, (weet Marjoram, Fennel^ Sage, and a lit- tle Aqua Vit£.
28. To provide always an apt Break- faft.
29. To beat the Flefh before Rofting of it.
30. Macerations irt Pickles.
31- Agi-
Medical ^malns. ifi
31. Agitation of Beer by Ropes, or in
Wheel-Barrows.
32. That Diet is good which makes Lean, and then Renews. Confider of the ways to efFedl it.
Medical Receipts of the . Lord "BaconX
T)-)e Firjl ^ceipty or his LordJJnfs
!Broath and Fomentation for the Stom* « •
The ^roafk
TAke one dram of Eryngium Roots, cleanfed and diced 5 and boyl them together with a Chicken. In the end, add of Elder-Flowers, and Marigold-Flowers together, one pugil, of Angelica-Seed half a dram, of Raifins of the Sun ftoned fif- teai, of Rofemary, Thyme, Mace, toge- ther, a little.
In ivx ounces of this Broath, or there- abouts, let there be diflblved of white Cre- mor Tartoi'i three grains.
Every
\yl The Lord Bacon's
^ Every third or fourth Day, take a fmall Toaft of Manchet, dipped in Oyl of Sweet Almonds new drawn, and (prinkled . with a httle Loaf-Sugar.
You may make the Broath for two Days, and take the one half every Day.
If you find the Stone to ftir, forbear the Toaft for a Courle or two.
The Intention of this Broath, is, not to Void, but to Undermine the Quarry of the Stones in the Kidneys.
Tke Fofrtentation,
Take of Leaves of Violets, lUallows, Pellitory of the Wall, together, one Hand- ful. Of Flowers of Camomile and Mellilot, together one Pugil. The Root of Marlh- Mallows one ounces of Annis and Fennel - {eeds, together one ounce and a half^ of Flax-ieed tv/o drams. Make a Decodion in Spring-water.
Tk
Medical ^ma'ms. 175
TI?eSeco7id ^ceiptj flmping the way of tfiaking a certain Oyntment^ which h s Lordp?ip called , Unguentum Fra- grans five Romanum ; The Fra- grant^ or ^man Unguent.
TAke of the Fat of a Deer,ha]f a pound 5 of Oyl of Sweet Almonds two ounces. Let them be fet upon a very gentle Fire, and ftirr'4 vvith a flick, pf Juniper, till they are melted. Add of
Root of Flower de Luce pondered. Damask Rofes poudered, together, one dram:,of Myrrh diflblved in Rofe- water, half a dram 5 of Cloves, half a fcruple 5 of Civet, four grains 5 of Musk, fix grains 5 of Oyl of Mace ex- prefled, one drop 5 as much of Ro(e- i water as fafiiceth to keep the Un- guent from being too thick. Let all the(e be put together in a Glafs, and let upon the Embers, for the fpace of an Hour 5 and ftirred with a ftick of Juniper.
1 7 A TItc Lord Bacon s
Note, That in the Confedion of this Oyntment, there was not ufed above a quarter of a pound, and a tenth part of a quarter of Decrs Suet: And that all the Ingredients, except the Oyl of Almonds, were doubled, when the Oyntment was half made, becaufe the Fat things feemed to be too Predominant.
The TInrd ^ceipt.
jf Manus Chrifti for the StomacK
npAke of the bed Pearls very finely pul- veriz'd, one dram 5 of Sal Nitre^ one (cruple 5 of Tartar, two Scruples ^ of Gin- ger and Gallingal, together, one ounce and a half 5 of Calamus, Root of Enula Cam- pana, Nutmeg, together, one (cruple and a half, of Amber^ lixteen grains 5 of the beft Musk, ten grains , with Rofe-water, and the fineft Sugar 5 let there be made a i^a- tms Ghrjjii,
The
Medical ^mams, ty^
1
3-
W The Fourth ^ceipt.
A Secret for the Stomach
HTAke Ligmm Aloes in grols (havings, fteep them in Sack, or Alacant, chan- ged twice, half an Hour at a time, till the Bitternefs be drawn forth. Then take the Shavings forth and dry them in the (hade, and beat them to an Excellent Pouder. Of that Pouder, with the Syrup of Ci- trons, make a fmali Pill, to be taken before Supper,
S4conianiZ
Saconiana Theologica:
OR A FEW
REMAINS
OF THE
Lord Bacon,
Relating To
LONDON,
Printed for R. C. at the Rofe and Crown in St. Fads Church-yard. 1679, N
^79 THE
Lord Bacons
Theological Remains.
Tl^e Lord Bacon s Queftions about the Lawfulnefs of a War for the Propa- gating of Religion.
j2ueflms wherein I dejtre Opinionj joyH- ed with Arguments and Authorities.
VV
^Hetber a War be lawful a» gainft Infidels, only for the Propagation of the Chriftian Faith, without other caufe of Hoftility ?
Whether a War be lawfiil, to recover td
tlie Church, Countries, which formerly have
, N 2 been
1 8 o 7 he Lord ^Bacon's
been Chriftian, though now Alienate, and Chriftians utterly exth-ped }
Whether a War be lawful, to free and deliver Chriftians «th4t yet remain in Servi- tude, and (ubjedion to Infidels ?
Whether a War^ be lawful in Revenge, or Vindication, ^irBlafphemy and Re- proaches againft the Deity and our Savi- our? or for the ancient efFufion of Chriftian Blood, and Cruelties upon Chriftians }
Whether a War be lawful for the Refto- ring, and purging of the Holy Land, the Sepulchre, and other principal places of Adoration and Devotion ?
Whether in the Cafes afbrefaid, it be not Obligatory to Chriftian Princes, to make fuch a War, and not permiflive only ?
Whether the making of a War againft: the Infidels, be not firft in order of Digni- ty, and to be preferred before extirpations of Herefies, reconcilements of Schifms, re- formation of Manners, purfuits of juft Temporal Quarrels, and the like Adions for the Publick Good, except there be ei- ther a more' urgent Neceflity, or a nlore evident Facility in tho(e Inferior Actions, or except they may both go on together iii fome Degree ?
Two
Theological T{pnaim, \ 8 1
Two Trayers compos'd by Sir Francis Bacon , Bami of Verulam , and Fifcoum of St, Albans.
The Firii T^rayer^ called by his LordJJjjp^ The Student's Prayer.
TO God the Father, God the Word, God the Spirit, we pour forth raoffc humble and hearty SuppUcations ^ that He, remembring the Calamities of Mankind,and the Pilgrimage of this our Life, in which we wear out Days few and evil 5 would pleafe to open to us new Refrefliments out of the Fountains of his Goodnefs, for the alleviating of our Mileries. This alio, we humbly and earneftly beg , that Humatje things, may not prejudice fuch as are Z)/- vim ^ neither that from the unlocking of the Gates of Senfe, and the kindhng of a greater Natural Light, any thing of Incre- dulity, or Intelleftual Night, may arife in our Minds towards Divine Myftcries. But rather that by our Mind, throughly clean- fed and purged from Phancy and Vanities 5 and yet fubjeft, and perfectly given up to N 3 the
i8i *IbeLordhzcotxs
the Dh'ine Oracles^ there may be given unto. FaJthj the thwgs that are Faith's. Amen.
T/;e Second Grayer ^ called hy Us Lord" Jhipy The Writer's Prayer.
T^Hou, O Father ! who gavefi: the Fijtble Light as the Firft-born of thy Crea- tures, and didft pour into Man the Intel- lectual Lights as the top and conlummation of diy Workmanftiip , be pleafed to pro- tect and govern this Work, which, com- ing from thy Goodnej^^ returneth to thy Glory. Thou, after Thou hadft review'd the Works which thy Hands had made, beheldeft that every Thitig was very Good ^ and Thou didft reft with Complacencie in them. But Man, refleding on the Works, which he had made, (aw that all was Va- tnty and vexation of Spirit^ and could, by no means, acquiefce in them. Where- fore, if we labour in thy Works with the fweat of our Brows, Thou wilt make us partakers of thy Viflon^ and tly Sabbath, We humbly beg that this Mind may be ftcdfaftly in • us 5 and that Thou, by our Hands, and alfo by the Hands of others, on whom Thou fiialt heiiow the fiff^e Spi-
rity
Theological ^mainsl igj
nV, wilt pleafe to conveigh a largenefs of new Alms to thy Family of Mankind. Thefe things we commend to Thy ever- lafting Love, by our Jejus^ thy ChriB^ God mth us. Amen.
N 4 !Bacomana
^aconiana "Bihttographica:
OR. CERTAIN
REMAINS
OF THE
LORD BACON
Concerning His
Writings.
To thefe are added Letters
and Difcourfes by others^ upon the fame Argument- In which alfo are contained fome Remarks con- cerning his Life.
LONDON,
Printed for 7^. C. at the Rofe and Crown in St. Ty2«/s Church-yard. 1679.
R. ^
n V
;ii-l
/T^^ "'r'
1 8/
Remains' "Bibliographical^
Written by thp
Lord Bacon
HIMSELF.
Tlje Lord Qhancellor Bacon'^ Letter to the Queen 0/ Bohemia * hiAnjwer *in,j,e to one from her Majejly^ and upon fend- ''^^' ^^^^ ing to her his Book about a War with Spain.
It may pleafeyour Majefty^
I Have received your Majefties Gracious Letter from Mr. Secretary (JM^/<7;/,who is now a Saint in Heaven. It was at a nme, when the great Defolation of the Plague was in the City, and when my felf
was
1 8 8 77;e Lord Bacon's
was ill of a dangerous and tedious Sick- nefs. The firft time that I found any de- gree of Health, nothing came fooner to my Mind, than to acknowledg your Ma- jefties great Favour, by my molt humble Thanks : And becauie I fee your Majefty taketh delight in my Writings, ( and to fay truth, they are the heft Fruits I now yield ) I prelume to (end your Majefty a little Difcourfe of mine, touching a War with Spaiff, which I writ about two Years (ince, which the King your Brother liked well. It is written without Bitternels, or Inve- dtive, as Kings Affairs ought to be carried : But if I be not deceived, it hath Edge e- nough. I have yet (bme Spirits left, and remnant of Experience, which I confecrate to the Kings Service, and your Majeftie's, for whom I pour out my daily Prayers to God, that he would give your Majefty a Fortune worthy your rare Vertues ; Which fome good Spirit tells me, will be in the end. I do in all reverence kifs your Majeftie's Hands, ever refting
Xour Majefliis moji humbk
and devoted Servant, Francis St. Allan, A
bibliographical ^mains. i iy
A Letter of the Lord Sacons to the
Univerfity of Cambridge upon his
fending to their Public Library, his
Book of the Advancement ofLeamng.
Francifcui Baro de Verulamio^ {cQcovacs Sandi Albania Almae Matri inclytx Academic Cantabngienfi^ Salutem.
DEbita Filii , qualia fojfum^ perfolvo. ^od 'verofacio^ idem d^ ivos hortor 5 Mt Angmentis Smntiarum jlrerme mcumbatJs^ C^ in Animi mode^ia libertatem itigenii re- tineatis^ neque Taletttitm a veteribus concre- ditttm in fndario reponatis. Affiterit frocul- dnbjo ^ Affulfirit dwim Luminis Gratia^ ft hurfiiliata^ d^fitbmifa Religioni Philojophia^ Clan'ibus fenfus ligitime^ ^ dextre tttajfiini^ C^ amoto omni contradi&ionis Jlttdio^ quijque cnm Alio^ acft ipfi ficum^ dijpitet, Vaiete.
Tbe
I po ^^^ ^^^^ Bacon s
Ihefam in Englifh hy the fuhlijher.
Francis, 'Baron o/Verulam, and Vif- co^nf 0/ Sf. Albans, to thlniulgem Mother y the famous Univerjity of Cambridg, Health.
I Here repay you, according to my Abi- lity, the Debts of a Son. I exhort you alfb, to do the fame thing with my (elf: That is, to bend your whole might towards the Advancement of the Sciences, and to retain freedom of Thought, together with humility of Mind ^ and not to (uffer the Talent which the Ancients have depofited with you, to lie dead in a Napkin. Doubt- lels, the favour of the Divine Light will be prelent and (hine amongft you, if Phi- lofbphy being (ubmitted to Religion, you, lawfully and dextroufly u(e the Keys of Senle 5 and if all ftudy of Oppolition being laid afide, every one of you fb difpute with another, as if he were arguing withhim- felf:
Fare ye well.
A
!BM(\gra^hkal ^maim, i^%
A Letter oF the Lord Sacons^ to the Univerfity of Catnhrid^^ upon his fending to their public Library,
his TSloyum Orgamm.
^' J.
Almas Matti Academiae Cantahriffenji.
c
X)m vejierfiliuf Jim d^ Alnmnu^^ vo- hfptatt mihi erit^ Partum meum ttuper editnm vobis in gnmmm dare : Aliter enim vehttpro expojito enm haberem. Nee vos mO' veat^qri&d via nova jit, Necejje eji enim talia. per JEtatffm^ d^ feculorum circnitffs evenire, ^Tjtiqtfis tamtn fiius constat horns '^ ingmij fiilicet: V^m Fides verba Dei^ c^ expert- enti£ tantttm debetur. Scientias autem^ ad ExperieTftiam retrahere^ non conceditur : At ^afdem ab Experieittia de itttegro excitare^ operofim certe fed pervinm, Deus vobis^ O- findifs vtfiris faveat.
Filius vefter Amantiifimus,
Frgnc, Vemlam^ Cancel.
Tie
1 91 The Lor^ Bacons
. The fame wEngiifli hy the Tublijher.
SEeing I am your Son, and your Dilbiple, it will much;plea(e me to repofe in ydur Bo(bm,the Iflue which I have lately brought forth into the Worlds for otherwise I fhould look upon it as an expofed Child Let it not trouble you, that the Way in which I go is new: Such things will of neceility, happen in the Revolutions of feveral Ages. However, the Honour of the Ancients is (ecured: That, I mean^ which is due to their Wit. For Faith is only due to the Word of God, and to Ex- perience. Now, for bringing back the Sciences to Experience, is not a thing to be done: But to raife them a-new from Experience, is indeed, a very difficult and laborious, but not a hopelefs Undertaking. God profper you and your Studies.
Tof/r mofl lovitjg Son^ Francis Verulam, ChatjceL
bibliographical ^mami IpJ
A Letter of the Lord Sa(ons, writJ ten to Jrmity Qolkge in Cambridge up- on his fending to them his Book
of the Jdvamement of Learningi
Franc. Baro de Verulcmiio^ Vice-eomes Sandli Jlbani percelebri Collegio San6tae & Individual 7rinitatis in Cantabrigiay Saluceni.
REs omms earunique prcgrejfus mitiis juii dehentur, Itaqiie cum imtia Scientid'^ mm^ e for?tJbits Tcsirjs haitferjm 5 mcremef7ta ipjurum vobk repc^idenda. exi^imavi, Sfero itidem fore^ 7it h<£c vollra apiid vcs^ toKquani if? folio nativo^ felicitis fiiccrefcant, ^uam- obrcm d^ vos hortor^ nt filv'a animi mode" fii'a^ C^ erga Veteres reverent i a , ip(t qitoque fa en ti arum augment is non defitis: ("^erum ut ' pol^ volumina facra icrbi Dei d^ Scriptura-^ ] rum , Jecundo loco vohmen illud magnum Operum Dei d^ Creaturarum^ Jirenue d^ prs omnibus Libris ( qui pro Commentariis tan- turn haberi debent ) cvohatis,
Valete^
p4 T7;e Lor ^Bacon's
Tl:e fame in Englifh hy the Tuhlijher^
Francis, Saron o/Verulam, Fifcount of St. Albans, to the mojl Famous College of the holy and undivided Tri- nity m Cambridg, Health.
THe progrefles of Things, together with themfelves, are to be afcribed to their Originals. Wherefore, feeing I have de- rived from your Fountains, my firft begin- nings in the Sciences, I thought it fit to re- pay to you the Increafesof them. I hope alfb, it may fb happen, that thefe Things of ours may the mor^profperoudy thrive among you, being replanted in their dative Soil. Therefore , I likewife exhort you, that ye your felves, fo far as is confiftent with all due Modefty, and Reverence to the Ancients, be not wanting to the Advance- ment of the Sciences : But that, next to the fcudy of thofe facred Volumm of GocL, the lo/ji Saiptnres^ ye turn over that great l^olume of the Worlds of God^ his Creatures, with the utmoft diligence, and before all o- ther Books,which ought to be looked on on- ly as Commentaries on thofe Texts. Farewel,
The
!Bihlio^raphkal ^mainsl ipj
Jhe Lord Cbancelhur Bacon's Letter to Dr. Williams, the?i Lord ^Ifhoj^ of Lincoln, concerning his Speeches^ &c.
MY very good Lord, I am much bound to your Lordlliip,fbr your Honoura- ble Promife to Dr.jR^Wc/.-He chufeth rather to depend upon the fame in general, than to pitch upon any particular 5 which mode- fty of Choice I commend.
I find that the Ancients ( as Cicero^ Do^ Mejlbenes^ Plmius Seamdits ^ and others) have prelerved both their Orations and their Epiftles. In imatation of whom, \ have done the like to my own : Which ne- verthele(s, I will not publifh while I live* But A have been bold to bequeath them to your Lord(hip, and Mr. Chancellor of the Dutchy. My Speeches ( perhaps ) you will think fit to publiih : The Letters, ma- ny of them, touch too much upon late Matters of State, to be publifhed 5 yet \ was willing, they (hould not be loft. I have alfo by my Will, erefted twof Ledures in Perpetuity, in either Univer- fity one 5 with an Endowment of 200 U O 2 pt
I J) 6 The Lord Bacon's
fer Atimim apiece. They to be for Natural Phjlofophk^ and the Sciences thereupon de- pending 5 which Foundations I have re- quired my Executors to order, by the ad- vice and direction of your Lordlhip, and my Lord Bifhop of Coua^try and Lichfield, Thefe be my thoughts now. I reft
Tour LordJJjjp mofl
Affe&ionate to do I
you Service.
A Letter written in Latine, hy the Lord Verulam, to Father Fulgentio, the Venetian , concer7ung his V/rttings ^ and now Iranflated into Englifli hy tytheTubltp?er.
Mofl KevereneTFather,
IMuft confeis my (elf to be a Letter in your Debt, but the Excufe which have, is too too juft. For I was kept from doing you right by a very fore Difeafe, fi'om which I am not yet perfectly deliver- ed.
I
!Bihliograi>hical ^maihs. \ 97
I am now defirous to communicate to your Fatherhood , the Defigns I have touching thofe Writings which I form in my Head, and begin ^ not with hope of bringing them to Perfedion, but out of defire to make Experiment, and becauie I am a Servant to Pofterity: (For thcfe things require fbme Ages for the ripening of them. J
I judg d it moft convenient to have them Tranflated in the Latine Tongue, and to divide them into certain Tomes.
The firft Tome confifteth of the Books of the ^dvanammt of Learnmg^ which (as you underftand ) are already fijiiih'd, and publiOi'd^and contain the P^r/7f7<7;z ofSci^ e^re/, which is the Firjlpart of mylnflann^wn.
The V^^dtim Organum fhould have im- mediately follow'd. But I interpos'd my tAoral ATjd Vohtkal Writwgs^ becaufe they were more in Readinels.
And for them, they are thefe following. The firft is. The Biftory of Henry the 7th, King of England. Then follows that Book which you have call'd in your Tongue, Saggi Morali. But I give a graver name to that Book ^ and it is to go under the Tide of Sermofies Fideks^ [Faithful Sayings,] or Intenora Remm^ [.The Infide of Things.] Thofe Ejfayes will be increafed in their O 3 num-
1 9 8 7 he Lord Bacon's
number, and enlarged in the handling of them.
Alfb that Tome will contain the Book of the Wifdom of the Arjciet7ts. And this Tome ( as I (aid ) doth, as it were, inter- lope, and doth not ftand in the Order of the IrjjiaHratJon.
After thefe, (liall follow the Organum Novum^ to which a fecond part is yet to be added, which I have already compriz'd and meafor'd in the Idea of it. And thus, |:he Second Fart of my IfjftauratiotJ^ will be finiihed.
As for the Third Fart of the Infiaurati* f?^, that is to (ay, the Natural Hijlory^ it is plainly a Work for a Kitig^ or a Fope 3 ox for feme College ^ or Order --^ and cannot be, by Perfonal Induftry, performed as it pught.
Tho(e Portions of it, which have already leen the Light (to wit, concerning Wmds^ and touching Life and Death ). They are not mre Hijiory^ by i=ea(bn of the Axioms^ and larger Ohfcrvations , which are inter- po(ed. But they are a kind of mixed Wri- tings^ compofed of Natural Hifiory^ and a rude and imperfeft Inftrument Q or Help] of the Underftanding.
And this is the Fourth T^art of the In- fianration. Wherefore that Fourth Part
(hall
^ihliographical ^mainsl ip^
(hall follow, and fhall contain many Ex- amples of that If7Jirument^ more exaft, and much more fitted to Rtdcs of IndttUion.
Fifthly^ There (hall follow a Rook, to be entitled by us, T?rodromns Fhilofipkite Seciind£ ^ [The Fore-rimner of Sccotidary 'Philofophy^. This (hall contain our Inven- tions about mvp Axioms^ to be raifed from the Experiments themfelves, tliat they, which were before as Pillars lying fufe- lefly] along, may be railed up. And, this we refolve on for the Fifth Part of our IftfloHration.
Laftly, There is yet behind, the Secon- dary Fkilofophy it felf which is the Sixth Part of the InJianration. Of the perfeft- ing this, I have caft away all hopes ^ but in fixture Ages, perhaps, the Defign may bud again. Notwithftanding, in our Pro- dromie , \_ or Prefatory Works ^ ] ( fiich I mean only, which touch, almoft, the Um- verfals of Nature ) there will be laid no in- confiderable foundations o£this Matter.
Our Isieannefs (you fee) attempteth great Things 5 placing our hopes only in this, that they feem to proceed from the Prozi- dcnce and Immettfe Goodnefs of God.
And I am, by two Arguments, thus per- fliaded.
Firfi^ I think thus from that zeal and O ^ con-.
loo Ihe Lord Bacon's
cfinltancy of my Mind, which has not wax- led old in this Defign, nor after (b many- Years, grown cold and indifferent. I re- rnember, that about Forty Tears ago^ I com- posed a 'juvenile Worh^ about thefe things, which with great Confidence, and a ^om- pousTitle^ I called Temporis Partum Maxi- * Or, it f^ittm^ * C or the moft confiderable Birth of t^'t^i fi Time.]
!^V«"J^; Secondly, I am thus perfuaded, becaufe readcife^ of its if7fimte TJfefithe^ '^ for which reafon ^-^-* it may be afcribed to Divine Encouragemettt, I pray your Fatherhood, to commend me to that moft Excellent Man, Signior Molines^ to whole moft delightful and prudent Let- ters I will return anfwer (hortly , if God permit. Farevpel, mofi Reverend Father,
Tour
Moft ajjjired Friend^ Francis St. Alban,
(Bibliographical ^mainsi 2 o f ;
/i Letter of the Lord Bacon'^, in French, to the Marquefs Fiat, re-^ lating to his Eflays.
Monfieur V Ambajiadeur mon File^
VOyant que voftre Excellence faid et traite Mariages, non (eulement entre les Princes d' Angleterre et de France^ mais audi entre ks L^ingues (puis que faides traduire non Liure de 1' Advancement des Sciences en Francois) i' ai bien voulu vous envoyer mon Liure demierement imprime, que i' avois pourveu pour vous, mais i* eftois en doubte, de le vous envoyer, pour ce qu' il eftoit efcrit en Anglois. Mais a' ceft' Heure pour la raifon (uldide ie le vous envoye. C eft un Recompilement de mes Effaces Morales et Civiles 5 mais telle- ment enlargies et enrichies, tant de Nom- bre que de Poix, que c eft de fait un Oeuvre nouveau. Ie vous baife les Mains, et refte>
Voftre tres AfFeftionee Ami,
ex tres humble Serviteur.
The
toz The LordBzcon's
The fatne in EngliJOh , hy the ^Puhlijher.
My Lord EmhaJJador^ My Son,
CEeing that your Excellency makes, and ^ treats of Marriages, not only betwixt the Princes of France and Ftigland^ but alfb betwixt their Languages ( for you have caus'd ray Book of the Advancement of Learnings to be Tranllated into French ) I was much inclin'd to make you a Prefent of the laft Book which I publiQied, and which I had in readinefs for you.
I was (bmetimes in doubt, whether I ought to have (ent it to you, becaufe it was written in the Engbfi Tongue. But now, for that very Reajbn^ I (end it to you. It is a Rccompilement of ray Eflaies Mo- ral, and Civil 5 but in fuch manner enlar- ged and enriched both in Number and Weight, that it is in efFed, a new Work, I kifs your Hands, and remain
Xour moli AffeUionate and
mqH humble Servant^ 8cc.
!Biblio^raphical ^mains, jo}
J Tranfcript ( by the ^uhlljher ) out of the Lord Bacon'^ lajl Will, relating efpeciallyj tct his Writings,
Flrft, 1 bequeath my Soul and Body, into the Hand of God, by the blefled Ob- lation of my Saviour , the one at the time of my Dillblution, the other at the time of my Refurredion.
For my Burial, I defire it may be at St. Michael's Church, near St. Albans, There was my Mother buried ^ and it is the PariQi Church of my Manfion-Houle oTGorham- bury 5 and it is the only Chriftian Church within the Walls of Old Verulam, I would have the Charge of my Funeral not to ex- ceed 500 /. at mod.
For my Name and Memory, I leave it to Foreign Nations, and to mine own Country-Men, after fbme Time be pafled over.
But towards that durable part of Memo- ry, which confifteth in my Writings, I re- quire my Servant, HemyPercy^ to deliver to my Brother Confiable^ all my Manufcript- Compofitions, and the Fragments alfo of Tuch as are not Finiflied ^ to the ehd that,
if
a 04 Tte Lord Bacon's
if any of them be fit to be Publifhed, he may accordingly difpofe of them. And herein I defire him, to^ke the advice of Mr. Selden^ and Mr. Herbert^ of the Ititier Temple^ and to pubh(h or fupprefs what fhall be thought fit. In particular, I wifti the Elegie, which I writ in fdkem Memo- riam EJizabeth<£^ may be Publifhed.—^
Papers written by others^ concerning the Wntlnzs of the Lord 'Baa>n.
A Letter from the Unl'verfity of Ox- ford^ to the Lord Bacon, upon his fending to them his Book ©e Ju^^ mentis Sciemamm.
Praenobilis, &c (quod in Nobilitate paene miraculum eft } Scientiflime Vicecomes!
Nihil concmmus f?7/'»ere,Amplitudo vc- ftra, f2ihjl gratius acdpere pot nit Aca- demia, ^//^/« Scientias : Scienths^ ^i^as prius inopes^ exignoi^ itiadtas emiferat^ accepit tan- dem mtrdaSj proceras^ Ingenii tut copjis (quir-
bus
Sihlio^raph'tcal ^ma'tnsl 205
but nmce augeri potueratft ) uberrime dot at as, Grande ducit mmius illnd fibi a peregrwo ( fl tamen peregrwus (it^ tarn prope confanguineui^ auCtiusredire^ qmd Filiolis fitis inftar Patri^ monii impendit 5 C^ libenter agtjofcit hie nafci Mufaf^ alibi tamen quam domi fi<e crejcere. Crevemnt quidem^ i^ fob C alamo tuo^ qut tanqnam flremtus litcrarum Alcidas^ Columtias tuas , mHfido immobiks , propria Manu in Orbe Scieniiarum^ plus ultra jiatwfii, Euge exercitatijfimum Athletam^ qui in aliorum patrocinandis virtntibus occupatijJimHs^ alios j infcriptis propriis^ teipfom foperajii. ^ippe in illo Honorum tnorum fajiigio ^ viros tufi- tum literatos promovijii^ mine tandem (^0 duke pro digium ! ) etiam d^ liter as. Oner of Clientes beneficii hujns augujlior Mnnificentia'-y cujus in accipiendo Honor apud nos manct^ in fruendo emolumentum tranfit ujq'-, in Pojieros, ^in ergo (iGratiarum talioni impares fomus^ junUo robore alterius fieculi Nepotes focatr- rant J qui reliquum illud^ quod tibi non pofi font J fait em 7iomi7n tuo perfohent.- Felices illi^ nos tamen quam longe feliciores^ quibus ho?!orifice confcriptam tua manu Epifoolam^ quibus oculatijjima le&itandi pr£ceptay ^ Studiorum Concordiam^ in fronte 'voluminif demandajli : ^a(i parum effet ALtfas de tua penu locupletaj-e^ ni(l ofienderes quo modo d^ ippd difcerent^Sohnniori itaq^Ofiulo acerrimum
judicij
%o6 The Lord ^^cotis
judicij tui Depofitum excepit freqnentiffimns Purpuratomw SenaUts-^ exceperunt parHer minork ordinis Gentes 5 (j^ quod omnes in publico Lihrorum Thefanrario ^ in Memoria fitjgnli depofaemnt.
Dominationis veftrse Studiofiffima Academia Oxonienfis.
E Domo noflra Con- gregationis, 20, Decern. 162^,
The Super(cription was thus.
To the Right Honourable Francis, Baron of yerulam, and Vicount of St Jlhariy our very good Lord.
The fame Letter 'm Engliffi, hy the
Tublijl7er.
Mofi Nohle, and . mefi learned VifcoHnt,
YOur Honour could have given nothing more agreeable, and the Univerftty could have received nothing more accepta- ble, than the Sciences, And thole Sciences
tvhich
bibliographical ^maiml 107
which She formerly fent forth. Poor, of low Stature, Unpohlhed 5 (he hath recei- ved Elegant, Tall 5 and by the (upphes of your Wit ( by which alone they could have been Advanced) moft rich in Dowry. She efteemeth it an extraordinary favour to have a return with U(ury, made of that by a Strafjger (if fo near a Relation may be caird a Stranger ) which She beftows as a Patrimony, upon her Children ; And She readily acknowledgeth , that though the Mufes are born in Oxford^ they grow elfewhere. Grown they are, and under your Pen, who^ like fome mighty Hercules in Learning, haveby your own Hand, fur- ther advanced thofe Millars in the Learned World, which by the reft of that World, were (uppofed immoveable.
We congratulate you, you moft accom- plifti'd Combatant^ who by your moft dili- gent Patronage of the Vertues of others, have overcome other Patrons, and, by jour own Writings^ your (elf. For by the emi- nent heighth of your Honour, you advan- ced only Learned Men 5 now at laft ( O ravilhing Prodigie ! ) you have alfb advan- ced Learning it felf.
The ample Munificence of this Gift, lays a Burthen upon your C/7e;;fj,in the receiving of which^ }fe have the Honour 5 but in
the
io8 The Lor J Bacon's
the enjoymg of it, the Emolument will de- (cend to late Pojierity. If therefore we are iiot able of our felves^ to return fufficierit and (uitable Thanks, our Nephews of the next Age ought to give their AfFiftafnce, and pay the Remainder, if not to your Self^ to the Honour of your Name, Hap- py they 5 but we how much more happy, d^c. To whom you have pleas'd to do the honour of fending a Letter, written by no other than by your own Hand ; To whom you have pleas'd to (end the cleared In- firudtions, for reading [your Work] and for concord in our Studies, in the Front of your Book. As if it were a fmall thing for your Lordfiip to inrich the e^njes out of your own Stock, unlefs you taught them alfo a Method of getting Wealth. Where- fore this moft accurate Pledg of your Un- derftanding, has been with the moft folemfi Reverence, received in a very full Co^gre- gatiofi^ both by the Do&ors and IMafiers ^ and that which the common Vote hath placed in our Fttblic Library^ every fagk Perfon has gratefully depofited in his (Memory,
ttom our Convo' cation-houfe De-* cemb.2<?.i^23.
Tonr Lordjhips moji devoted Servant^ 'the Vniverfity of Oxfords
!Biblio^raphical ^ffta'msl 2 Op
.^Letter written hy Dr. Roger Mayn- waring, to Dr. Rawley , concern- ing the Lord Bacon'5 Confeffion oi Faith*
SIK,
I Have at yonr Command, furveigh'd this deep and devout TraCf: of your decea- fed Lord-^ and fend back a few Notes up- on it.
In the firft Page, Line 7, (a) are thefe TO f^^i
words ; '[uih^'
"•^ I believe^ that God is fb Holy, Pure, 117.1. 8/ "and Jealous, that it is impoffible for Him '"'^ore-^ "to be pleafed in any Creature^ though the iis'/'' " " Work of his own Hands r So that nei- "ther Angela IS/lan ^ nor Worlds could ftand, or can ftand, one moment in his Eyes, without beholding the fame in the " Face of a iMediator : And therefore, that "before Him, with whom all things are " prefent, the hamh of God was flain be- " fore all Wmids : Without which eternal " Couniel of his, it was impoffible for Hhri " to have defcended to any work of Crea- "tionj but he ihould have enjoyed the
P '^blefledi
I
2 ! o 7he Lord Bacon's
" blelTed and individual Society of Three " Perfons in Godhead^ only^ for ever.
This Point I have heard fbme Divines
queftion, Whether God^ without Chrisf^ did
pour his Love t^pon the Creature ^ And I had,
fbmetimes, a Difpute with
* The fAxnt fi tkinit) Dr. Sharp, ^ of your Uni-
ipho was committed to the c 11111 1
Tower, hay,ng raught Hof. verlity, vvho held, that the fcins hfs Aliujton to the Sici- Ematiation of the Fathers
lian ytfpers. See Keliqu. t ^ j.L r j. 7
Worton p-4^ . jLcz^'f to the Lrcature^ was Im-
mediate.l^h Reafon,amongft others, was taken from that Text, So God . loved the Worlds that he gave his otily hegot- ten Son. Something of that Point, I have written amongft my Papers, which on the fuddain, I cannot hght upon. But I re- member that I held the Point in the ISJega-^ tive, and that St. Aidfin^ in his Comment on the Fifth Chapter to the Rof/tans^ ga- thered by Beda, is ftrong that way.
uf^J^Z Jn P'^ge 2, line the 9/^6 to the ivh, (b)
fuicip.i is are thele words:
kf" ''^*^' ' — ^''God, by the Reconcilement of the " <!ylIediator, turning his Countenance to- '^ wards his Creatures, (though not in equal " Light, and Degree; ) made way unto the " Difpenlation of his moft holy and fecret " WilUwhereby (bme of his Creatures might " stand and keep their State 5 others might "(poiTibly) fall, and be reftored , and
" others
!Bihliographical ^mams. 2 1 1
•* others might fal/^ atid not be reUored in "their Eftate, but yet remam in Beings " though under Wrath and Corruption 9 " all with refped to the t^ediat7>r : Which " is the great ftMy^ery^ and perfed Center "of all God's Ways with his Creatures, " and unto which all his other Works and " Wonders do but ferve and refer.
Here abfohite T(eprohatJon (eems to be de- fended, in that the WjU of God is made the Reafbn of the Not-re^itution of (bmes At leaft-wife his Lordlhip (eems to fay^ that 'twas God' sn ill that fomeJJjould fall :'\ln- leG that may be meant of Voluntas FcrmiJ^ jiva. [^ his will of Permidion. 3
In Page the 2^, at the end, (c) where (c) f-^^/ he laith, Q Amongft the Generations of Men ^ J.^^j/'' ^^"^ he Elededa fmall Flock,"] if that were ad- 118.1.^4^ ded {_ of fallen Men^ ] it would not be a- ^^* mifi 5 left any fhould conceive that his Lord{l:iip had meant, the Decree had paf^ (ed on tbMuJfa incorrupt a ^ Qon Mankind Confidered before the Fall. ]
In Page the 4/;/', lines the i^th and lA^thj (d) are thefe words. (d^n^e
" Man made a total defedion from God, y\'" R=- '' prefuming to imagine, that the Com- I'l^'l.^,; " mandments and Prohibitions of God, ^<^« " w%re not the Rules of Good and Evil^ but P 2 "that-
% \ z Tl^eLord Bacon's
" that Good atid Evil had their own principles " and beginnings.
Confider whether this be a Rule Dniver- fil^ that tM^ Commands and Prohibitions of God are the Rules of Good and EviL For, as St. Aii^in faith, many things are Vrohi^ hita quia mala^ Q For that reafbn forbidden, becaufe they are Evil : "] As thofe Sins which the Schools call Specifical,
{e)That In Page 7, lines the 23^ and 24//;, fe)
$s, in p. are thefe svords.
l\%'c^°' " The three Heavenly Unities ex-
" ceed all Natural Unities. That is to fay, " The Unity of the Three Perfons in God- " head 5 the Unity of God and Man in " Chrift 5 and the Unity of Chrift and the '' Church '-) the Holj/ GhoU being the Workp' " of both thefe latter Unities : For by the " Holy Ghoii 5 was Chrili Incarnate , and ^'- qitickeued in Flejl)-^ and by the Holy ''Ghoft is <Man Regenerate^ and quickened '' in Spirit.
Here two of the Unities are afcribed to the Holv GhoH:. The Firft (eems exclu- ded , yet Divines (ay 5 that Spiritus San&us eji ^Amor^ ^ vinc^dum Patrk d^ Filii, C^hc Holv Ghofl: is the Love^ and the Bond of the JFather and the Son. ]
In
Sibho^raphical ^maim. i \ j
In Page 8, line the i^tL ff) arethefe iOl^^'f , ° ' -> ^ ^j y //,/n Re-
words, fufc. p.
"Chrift — accomplifh'd the whole Work i2t. 1. f, "of the Redemption, and Reftitution of ^' " Man, to ajiate Snperiour to the A?/gels.
This QSuperiour] feems to hit upon that place, hxyycKoi ^^ which argues but ^J'"'^^ Equality. Snares, (De ^rfgelis lib. i. cap.i.) (aith, that Angels are Superiour to Men, ^oad gradum hjtelleCfualcm^ C^ quoad im- mediatam hahitatwnem ad Deum : [_ Both in refped of the degree of their Intelleftual Nature, and of the nearnefs of their habi- tation to God.] Yet SM.Aufiin affirmeth, / J>Iaturam human am in Chriflo perfe&iorem ejfe Angelica. [ That the Humane Nature in Chrift, is more perfed than the Ange- lical. 3 Confider of this. And thus far, not as a Critic/^ ^ or Corredlor, but as a Learner. Foi:
Corrigere^ Res ejl tanto magis ardua, quantT) Magnus^ Arifiarcho^ Major, Homerus erat„
In hafte.
Tour Servant^
Roger ^ia)72waringc
P3 ^
14 The Lor J Bacon's
A Letter written by Dr. %awley^ to Monjieur 'Deodate , concerning his publifhing of the Lord bacons Works.
Gcnerofiffime 8c Amiciffime Domine,
ROri 77iu;c demiim ago^ Vere €^ Jejumo h/enh'te : M^jtus^ ^rf'^^JJ^ ^'^'^'^ facftl- tat em tcipfnm inijifendi^ cu!tc djfcejfiim : At Cert^, minquam defntiirum me occaflom cui- cwiq-^ , teiffiim dcf/ierendj^ d^ omni OfficWy ^ve Amork (izje Obfer'vaTiti£ ^ profequcfidi, Carabo , pront vires fiippetent , Imprejfiofiem Lihrornm Illufiriffimi Herois, Cui oltm in^ fe)-vjjfe^ atq'j etiammim injervire^ pr^cipuum mill duco. Nc qua fif^ido Fidei me£ juho- rJaiur 5 quam primum commodiim erit ^ pr^- flaho. C^pio^ Affficitiam^ <6^ NotJtiam banc it7tcr Nos wit am , pcrpetnam fore : Ac Lite- rk^ ejnfdem Tejferis d^ Fotrhihus ( d iclk J fiihinde refiorejctre^ te vel Parifiis, Agente ^ ^nas^ fitmquam ntihi F elicit as tanta covtin- gere pojjit, tui gratia etiam inviferc jferaho. ^\f e« credas me Verbis tantiim opulentum, Factis inopem :;, ^in poiiiis ncgotia moleftif- (Imk obfiiijje^ dum in Urbe pr^fetrs pier am.
Re-
bibliographical ^mains. 2 i c
Reliquum erit^ tit Te imice colat^ ^ reda- met^ d^ Tibi fcmer optima precetur ,
Generofillimc, Dominationi tua? Senus addidimus &: Ami- cus perpetuus, t^artii 9.
1632. GuH, ^ivcley.
7hefa)ne in Englifli hy the TubliJJ?Cf\
I
Mofi noble and dear Sir,
Am now, at laft, in the Country, the Sprwg and Ler7t coming on. I am fbrry that I had not the opportunity of waiting on you before I left the Town : But, I am fure, I fhall never be wanting in (erving you upon all Occafions, and in perform- ing towards you all Offices,either of Fricnd- Ihip, or Obfervance.
I will ( to the utmoft of my Power ) take care to pubUfh the [^remaining] La- bours of that lllitjlrious Hcroe^ [ the Lord Verulam '^'\ efteeming it my greateft happi- i]e(s, to have formerly fervd him, and Jiill P 4 tQ
1x6 TI?eLord Bacon's
to do (b. And that I may avoid all (ufpi- cion of being worfe than my Word, I will perform my Promife with all convenient Ipeed. I defire that this Frie^dfirp^ and mutual Itiwardne^ begun betwixt us, may always continue , and ( if you pleafe) live and flourifti by Letters^ the Badges and Nourifhers of it, even when you are at Varis : A place, which ( if ever I be fo happy ^ I will fee for your (ake, as well as for other Reafons. Pray, think not that J am free of my Words ^ and frugal of my Deeds^ but rather that my thick and very troublefome Occafions, whilft I was in the City^ v/ould not fuffer me to kifs your Hands. It remains, that I heartily Honour you, and retaliate your Love, and wilh you all the good in the World, as being
\ Tour mojl faithfid Servant ^
f and cofj(ldt7t Friend^
f^arch the pth. 1632.
!BihliograplHcal ^mains. 217
A Letter written by Monfieur ^lim Deodate^ to Dr. ^wley^ in anfwer to his of March the 9^/;, 1651. touching his publifliing the Lor J bacons Works,
Reverendo Viro Donmino Gullelmo ^wky^ facrae Theologian VoEloriy 3c %e^u Majeflatis Capellano^ Ami- CO colendiffimo,
Reverende Vir, & Amiciilime Domine,
PAiicif ahkhic diebus redclit£ fiwt mihi gratijppt£ <d^ exoptat7Jfim£ tu£ lJter£^ quibus p'ofolatio fiav7Jjim£ tit£ cofjfietudhiis^ per improvifiim ttmm ex nrhe difcejjum mihi crept £^ fi(wam^ ar&£^ ^iftperpctHumditra- tnr£ amkiti£ tti£ fiduciam mihi fpndes. Hoc tmwere ( quod quidem cm>ii mutui amQ" ris d^ objervar?ti£ ojjicio pro viribus demereri Jedido fitagamj vix quicqnam potitit mihi ob^ tivgere charius 5 adel) tua Virtus^ d^ Illujlrif- Jimi Hcrois tioflri ( atjus ajjlatus Druinos in (Inn fives ) £terr7um coknda Alemoria, piihi in precio eji, Promptam ejus Operum
Ejdi-*
2 1 8 71)6 Lord Bacon's
Editioftew^ qtiam polliceris^ tarn avide expe* Bo^ ut J^e earn jam tot am pen e continuorim : Ne pater e^ qH£fo^ quovis cafi^ nUamhmcde- (iderio meo^ moram injici : Cum etiam (quod "& agnofck ) multis nomimhus^ maxime tua jffterjit, earn quafjto citius promoveri. Pa- rum frliciter miht cejfit 'votum^ pro 'verjione Lihri Expermentorum ^ vt percipies ex ejus f^ecimme^ quod ad te mitt o : Ea propter illttm^ qui id laboris fuerat aggrejjus^ rogavi^ ut ah eo defijieret^ mju^s id folum quod videhk pau^ CIS foliis exaratum^ haUenus pr£jiitit , ciim ante duos annos^ perficiendum jjifcepijfet, De tempore met in G alii am reditus^ nondum jla- tm : Ejus te^ ante difcejfum^ faciam certio- rem^ d^ tibi future nojir£^ per literas^ com^ piunicationis internuncios indicabo. Vale.
Reverentix tux Obfer-
vantiffimus Servus,
JEHus Deodatus, Londini, Apri- ls 4. 1635.
Tk
Sihllogra^hiciil ^rna'ms. 2 1 9
The Jame in Englifli by the fublipoer.
To the ^Verendy his mojl Honoured Friend^ William Rawley, VoElor of Divinity, and Chaplain to the IQng's Majejly.
Reverend and mojl dear Sir,
A Few Days ago, I received your moft acceptable and moft defired Letter, in which, to coxfort me for the lo(s of your moft agreeable Company ( of which I was depriv'd by your fudden leaving the Town ) you make me a new promife of a near and lafting Friendfhip. Nothing could have happened to me more pleafing, than this Kindnefs ( which I (hall diligently endeavour^ to the utmoft of my Power, by all ways of Love and Obfcrvance, to deferve)^ fo much I value your own Worth, and the ever eftimable Memory, of our moft lUnflnons Heroe, a portion of whofe Spirit, reiides in your Breft.
I fo greedily exped the fpeedy Editkn
of his Works, which you have promifed 5
,t;bat I have already almoft devour'd the
whole
xi 2 o Tl?e Lord Bacon's
whole of it in my Hopes. Suffer not ( I befeech you ) any delay by any means, to obftrud this my earneft defire: Seeing, elpecially, it much concerns your (elf ( as you confefsj upon many accounts, to promote it with all Expedition.
My defign of a Trarjjlation of the Natu- ral Hifiory^ has not fucceeded (b happily as I could wilh, as you will perceive by the Specimen which I (end to you. Wherefore I defired him, who had undertaken the Work, to defiil: from it, he having done only that little which you will fee in a few Leaves f whereas he undertook the doing of the whole, two Years ago. I am not yet refblv'd about the time of my return- ing into France, I will let you know it e re I go, and tell you by whom our Letters piaybe conveyed to one another. Farevpel,
Reverend Sir^
Tour moji humble Servant^
JEhxs Deodate, Advocate, London^ April 4. 1633.
Th?
Sihlio^raphical ^malnsl izi.
The Firft Letter of Mr. Ifaac Qruter^ to Dx.^awleyjConccxning the M S S of the Lord S^cow.
Reverendo Dodiffimoqj viro Gul'h elmo ^wleiOy S. P. D. Ifaacus Gruterus.
Vir Reverende,
FRatris met cruda nwrs^ an latinam Natura^ Hi HiJlorj£ Verulamianse verjiorjem debe- mu6^ perdiu me fabfijiere coegit in natali nobk Zelandia, dum morUtalis famili<£ negotia ex-- pedh. Domum r ever jus ad Batavos hivenio li~ teras tuas fane qnam gratijjimas ^fed qitod do- leham , ferb re^onfo ob jonticam ab Haganis abfefiiis canfam^ excipendas. Veniam mcretur qui peccat invitus^ tarditatifq'-) a forttma im- foiitam necejjitatem penfare conabitur affe^fus fiudib^ nuvqnam poji hac irtdormituro amiciti£ ebfeqnjis ^ ojferetiti fe occa(tom, Viri ijlius infiitutum^ qui Baconi Hiftoriam Natu- ralem, ut earn prior es me£ defignarhnt^ Gal- lice dedit^ paucis verbis comprehenfum exhi- bent fratris mei prolegomena 5 qn^^e velim vi^ deas, C^ judicinm de iis cenforidmq\ , ubi la-
borat
2 1 1 T/:^ Lord Bacon's
her at fides ^ not am tranfmittas froximis literk. Edit JO ille Germani mei^ qiiam aim vokptate fumma w^exijfe te fcribh , mox emendatior prodibit ex fecundis defunCfi curis^ cum an- Buario ejufdem argumefiti ^ expmgend^ At- htttidi fiihjiitmndo, ghiod non alrndfutti- mm ah ijia hommis Galli interpretattone^ Lot jo domwda^ cum Ar?glke reperiri tion queat undefiiA vertit 5 vifi tu h£c ut fpuria ^ aduU ierma damnaveii'Ts^ tihi videre cotitigerit li- brum. Obfervationes tuas in male intelleBa. perperamq^ -verja ex Anglico Hiftoris Na- turalis qucd a te evulgatus legitur ( qtta- lia in primis conatibus interpretis non indige- nce^ d^ indies tunc cum adolefceret £tate pro- fcientis hand pauca occurrere nemo mirabi- tur^ qui nOverit Phjiftologicam argumenti late patentis varietatem^ perpkxi ex tot rernm con- . gerie^ fua non ubiq-^ ziocabula apud Antiquos Horar. kahentium^ O" priEfenti nota (ignandas ap- peUationes requirentiumj velim mihi non invi- deas^ conferendas cum tS (jiayjocph'is emenda- tif?nbusjblicite elaboratis :, an d^ feliciter^tunf aim pauck ifiarum elegantiarum inteUigenti- ius dijpicies, Mjtto indicem eorum^ qu£ ex BoivvtUiani M.ujei fcri7?iis chartacek penes me exfiant Z'el propria manu defcripta^ vel al- terius apud vos^ fed Baconi manum d^ limani expert a 5 ttt Bofwellus olim mihi^ admijjb ad interiores familiaritatis aditus^ ccmmemora^it
h
!BMo^rafhical ^mainsl 12 j
1^ apographJs meis ( ut teflahitur mdex hifce Uteris comes ^ reperies hijioriam Denfi c^ Rari, fed imperfeBam^ opufado licet longiuf- cnle prodn&o, De Gravi c^ Levi in matii- bus hahhi integrum d^ grande volumen^ fed cjHod prater nndam delineate fabrics compa- gem ex titnlis^ materiam^ praiit earn concepe- rat iUuJlrk Baconus, abfolventibu^^ vihil de- fcriptionis continebat, Inclnditur hifce exem- plar cotitextus^ fola capitum lemmata complexly d^ pletjam ex ifta (T>uocyp!X(pix tra&ationem mtncfrHJlra requirentis. De Denfo C^ Raro qu£ ajjervas ab extrema ^uthoris incude^ quaq-^ in appendicem venient fragmenta^ nti- tiam cum ineditis Pfyflologicis Virulamei, in apograph a per me redattis ex legato BofWellia- no, fiibjicere liceat prelo Batavo, fibi invi- cem commendationem ^ f junUius' prodeavt^ pr^jiitHra. Agere jam cdcpi crtm Typographo magn£ in if is induftri£ d' cimoiltatis , faxo nihil fife qiteri pojjis de fide nofra d^ can- dore^ (i editionem illam mihi permiferis^ con- fummandam non fine honorifica ttd mentione, Sed utcunq'-^ ccnfitues^ nihil detra&um volo amiciti£ offjciis^ tdterins ab hoc ingrejfu qtta- cnnq-^ occafone provehe?id£, Ludovicus El- fevirius Amftelodamo mtper ad me fcrip(it meditari fe^ fore brevi inchoandam^ in quarto editionem eornm omnium^ qH£ Bacono ciratm- fcruntHr Anthore^ zel Latine vel Anglice^ fed
hdc
224 ^he Lord Bacon's
hd!c m Komannm Sermonem vertenda^ peiiit^f^ a we eatenus conjilium^ C^ (I quid € manu- Jcnptis d^ mterpretatione cor? f err e poffem ad-^ rfiwiadi^ quo au&iora ^ quantum pote , or- 77atwra prodeant opera^ dm faventijjzmis Erti- diti nmndi pr^coniis & applauju cotjfcjiatijjU mo exrepta. Tu (I quid in mente out manu hales wide affidgeut adjumenti fpes in molt- tione tarn celehri^ ^ plurimum cOnciliatura exi- Jiimationif ijiam editionem procurantihts^ fac intelligam^ 0- habe me porro iriter devotijji- 7itos Baconiani nominis d^ virUttum tuarum adtores. Vale. Exfpe&o qu<e tihi cognita. de Vend am J j majoribns^ Nicolao Patrs im- primis ^ de adolejcentia nojiri ^ fludik apud Cantabrigienles , peregrinationibus , honori- bus , CancellariatH (j^ exauthoratione^ Parla- mentar7£ authontatis decreto, Ifta floride <^ liberaliori . in laudes meritijjimas fiylo^ hoc ultjmum cauto pertra^ando^ fujcipiam^ ne homitiihns calnmmari aut probra ferere natis pro'beatur noxite garrulitatis e mea Comment a- tione de viri longe Dc&ijjtmi lit a d^ morte^ materies,
Hagae Comitis, Mail 29. 1652,-
The
bibliographical ^ema'ms. 22 J
Tl^efamCy in Bnglip?^ hy the Publifher^
To the ^eyerendy and rnojl Ledrnedj William Rawley, Ifaac Grucec wij]?eth much Health*
Reverend 5/V,
BY reafon of the immature Death of mf Brother, to whom we owe the Latins Tranflation of the Lord Bacons Natural Hifiory^ I have been forced to ftay a long while in our Native Country of T^ealaud^ in otdcr to the (etthng of the Domeftick Affairs of the Per fbn deceafed. Returning home to Holla?7d^ I found your Letter, which, i allure you, was moil: acceptable to me 5 yet at this I was concerned , that my neceilary abfence from the Hague had occafioncd fb late an AnRver to it. He de- ferves pardon who offends againft his will : And who will endeavour to make amends for this involuntary delay, by the fhidy of luch kindnefs as lliall be vigilant in Offi- ces of Friendfhip; as often as occafion (hall be offer 'd.
The DeTign of him,, who tranrfated in-
21 6 Ik Lord Bacon's
to French^ the Natural Eifiory of the Lord Bacon^ (of which I gave account in my former Letters ) is briefly exhibited in my Brother's Preface, which I defire you to perule ^ as al(b, in your next Letter, to (end me your Judgment concerning (uch Errors as may have been committed by him.
That Edition of my Brother's, of which you write, that you read it with a great deal of Pleafore, (hall fhortlybe let forth with his Amendments, together with fbme Additions of the like Argument to be (ub- ftituted in the place of the New Atlantis, which fliall be there omitted. Thefe Ad" difio?7s will be the fame with thofe in the Verp.on of the formentioned Frenchman, put into Latine 5 feeing we could not find tlie Englifh Originals from which he tran- flatcs them : Unlefs you, when you fee the Book, fhall condemn thofe Additions as adulterate.
For your Obfervations on thofe Places, either not rightly underflood, or not ac- curately turned out of the Englifi by you publiOied-, ( which, from one not a Native, in his firft Eiiay, and growing in Know- ledg together with his Years, if they be many, no Man needs wonder at it, who underftands the Phyiiological variety of an
Argu-
bibliographical ^malnsl 'i-xf
Argument of fuch extent, and rendred difficult by (uch an heap of things of which it confifts, and for the expreffing of which there is not a fupply of words from the Ancients, but fome of a nero fiamp^ and fuch as may ferve for prefent nfe^ are required ) I intreat you not to deny me the fight of them : That fo I may compare them with the Correftions which my Brother (now with God) did make with a very great deal of pains. But, whether the truth of therii anlwers his diUgence, will be bed under- ftood by your felf, and tho(e few others by whom fuch Elegancies can be rightly judged of
I (end you here a Catalogue of thofe writings (a) which I had,
in M§. out of the ftudy (a) Thefe were the fdfm
of Sir William Bofwel , and pulLjhh^'J'^Ter the'Zhff which I now have by me, ScriptaPhilofophica. either written by the Lord Bacon himfelf, or by fome Enghfi AmanH" enfis^ but by him revifed 5 as the fame Sir Willam Bofvoel ( who was pleafed to admit me to a moft intimate fa:miliarity with him ) did himfelf tell me. Among my Copies ( as the Catalogue which comes with this Letter (hews ) you will find the Hiftory of rare and denfi Bodies^ but imperfedi, though carried on to fome length.
2 z 8 TI:)eLord Bacon's
I had once in my hands, an entire and thick Volume concerning Heavj/ and Light Bodies^ but confifting only of a na- ked delineation of the Models which the Lord '^acon had framed in his Head, in titles of Matters^ without any de(cription of the Matters themfelves. There is hert enclofed , a Copy of that Chj rhu Letter came to ConUxtun {b) Containing S,^«1/r«'t7'7vfTo?ka only the Heads of the deGravi & Levi, *» itb. 5. Chapters , and wanting a ca^. 3. de Augm. Scien. f^^jj handling from that rude
Draught ^ which fupplement I difpair of
For the Book of Detife and RareBodies^ which you have by you, perfefted by the Author's laft Hand, as likewife the Frag- maits which are an Appendix to it, I could wifti that they might be here publiQi'd in H<?/A?W,together withthofe hitherto unpub- lifh'd Philofophkal Papers copied by me, out of M S S. of Sir William ^ofwel , {eeing,if they come out together, they wiU fet o^ and commend one another.
i have begun to deal with a T^rinfer^ w^ho is a Man of great Diligence and Curi- ofity. I Vvill (o order the matter, that you (hall have no reafbn to complain of my Fidelity and Candor, if you leave that Edition to me. Care (hall be taken by me, that it be not done without honourable men- tion
^ihliographical ^maim, 119
tion of your (elf! But be it what it will you (hall refblve upon, it (hall abate no- thing of the offices of our Friendfhip, ^which, from this beginning of it, (hall ftill further be promoted upon all occalions.
Lewis Elzevir^ wrote me word lately, from Amjierdam^- that he was defigned to begin (hortly, an EditJot? in ^arto^ of all the Works of the Lord Baco??^ in Latine, or E^glifi : But not of the Engliflj^ with- out the Tranjlation of them into Latine. And he defir'd my advice , and any alli- ftancel could give him by Mdmifiripts^ or Trarfjlations-^ to the end that, as far as pof- fible, thofe Works might come abroad with advantage, which have been long receiv'd with the kindeft &ogies^ and with the moll: attefted Applaufe of the Learned Woi-ld, If you have any thing in your Mind^ or your Hands^ whence we may hope for af^ (ifiance in fb famous a Defign, and condu- cing fo much to the Honour of thofe who are Inftrumental in it, pray let me know it, and reckon me henceforth amongft the devout Honourers of the name of the Lord Bacon^ and of your own Vertues.
Farewch CL3 I
^jq The Lor dBACori$
I exped from you what you know, a* bout the Anceftors of the Lord ''Bacon^ efpecially concerning his Father^ Nicholas *lBacon 5 concerning his Youth, his Studies in Cambridge his Travels, his Honours, his Office of Chawellour^ and his depo(al from it by Sentence o£Farliame77t. The former I will undertake in a more florid and free Style, expatiating in his juft Praifes , the latter, with a wary Pen , left out of my Commentary of the Life of this moft Learned Man, matter be offered of pernicious Pra- ting, to Slanderers, and Men of difhoneft Tempers.
From the Hague,
The
Sihliographkal ^mains, 2 j i
The lecond Letter of Mr. Ifaac Gru- tCTy to Dr. ^wley^ concerning the Writings of the Lord "Bacon,
V. R. GuUelmo ^wkjoy S, S, Theo- logian Do6tori S. P. D. Jfaacus Gruterus.
Vir Reverende,
DE reffonft tut tarditate queri non licet ^ cum ^ diftcultas traje&us facile mo- ram wjictat ex anno in hiemem declivi dum tuas dares^ atq^ abnnde in iis inveniat quo fe pafcat defiderinm 3 tanto uberiori accej/rone^ quantb cun&antius ad manus nojiras fmiajfis pervenijfe diet poteji. Et quamvis pauxillum erat quod pr<£ter gratias proindiatlo reponerem^ ejus tamen id momenti vifum ejl^ ut fuppri^ mere diutius noluerim-^pr^fertim cum nefas miki kabcrctur Smithum refponfo carere^ virum amir' cijfimum^ C^ a/jus in Res nojiras Jiudio quic-r quid in me eji cur£ dehetur ajfediiifque^ nihil imminuti parte^ in quam fine 71072 Icvcm^K^LW' cius zenit, ut in Trigam^ co'dluijje did que at optime conJh2t7entes animos. Illujhijjimi He^. rois Verulamii quam fan[fa apud me fit ex- Q.4 ' ^jli--
t-^i %eLord Bacon's
ijlimatio^ et(l perquam follicit'e ojlertdijfe me fntabam^ faciam tamen ut in pojierttm religio- (ins we operam dediffe quo hoc literato orbi innO' "iefceret mgari hatidpoj^Jit, Neq-^ enim procedet idaccptraheTidi ommn Baconiana in umtm vo- himm molitJo^ nifl te confidto^ (> adjymbolas tarn infigni editione dignas rnvitato , ut le&o- ris jam pridem ex pr£vio eorum qn£ circumfe-' rH^7tJ{r guflu^ cHpidi concilretur gratia ex illi- i'afa an&arii rion pcenitendi novitate. Gallo interpret j^ C^ qt/i faa nefcio unde confarcinar i.it cefitorJfq-^ confiit^ locus non dabitur in wagvo Sjngra?nmate. Ut autem feparatim cum H/Jioria Naturali excudatur exoticum opus per cxrerpta hinc inde corrogatufif, d^ la- tinita^c mea donatunt^ fpero a tc impetrari pa- tier is. Inter ejfje enim puto aim Vcrulamiana genuina Gallici Sermonis induta cultu pajjim projient^ ut fciat tranfmarinits le&or e qnibus jibs contexta fit ijiius libri tela , c^ quam i)crum (it quod Arwnymm ijie in prefutione ad Letiqrem de te innominato Jirjbit. Verba, ejus fraier mens B. M. Latine lerfit in prima, editione Hij}ori£ Naturalis^ cum de fide Au- thor is ignoii dubitarct. Ego in Jeajnda dabo-y lipctita d^ jujiis confvjja notis , ut mpnean- inr in cptorum n^mus pervetitunim fit ijlud o- piis^ fiippofiiitiiim ejfe^ aut potius ex avulfis Jpurhm Ijcinjis conjutum , quicquid fpeciofo Vciulam'u iiinlo munitum venditat Author.
m
^BihUographical ^mainsl ^ 3 3
Nijt forte fpeciatim tuo nomine Juggerere lihet-, ijii bco' wfcrenda in cautelam^ ^ ne quid Gloria celeberimi viri detrahat vel malignitas, vel inconftderaUim jludium. Si me fata meis Virgil, paterentur ducere vjiam aufpiciis, jn An- gliam evolarem , nt quicquid Verulamianae offci}7£ fervas in fcriniis tuis ineditum^ co- ram infpicerem^ d^ oculos faltem haherem ar- hitrosy ft pojjejjlo negetur mercis nondum ptb- lic£. Nunc vota impatientis dejiderii fajlen- tabojpe aliquando videndiy qu£ fidis man data latebris occadenem exjpel^ant nt tut^o in lucent edticantttr^ non enecenturfajfocatopartn, TJti- nam interim videreliccat Apographum epiftolse ad Henricum Savilinm circa adjumenta fa- cultatum intelledualium 5 cetera, enim La- tins monet£perJHadeor fiatione jua moveri non pojTe in temporarium nfitm. Vale.
Trajefti ad Mofam,
Martii20.S.N. CiD iDp LV.
Tfie
2 54 ^^ ^^^^ Bacon's
Tloefame in Englifli, hy the ^uhllfher.
To the ^verend William Rawley, 2).©. Ifaac Gruter wif?eth much health.
I
Reverend Sir,
T is not juft to complain of the flow- nefs of your Anfwer, feeing that the difficulty of the Paffage, in the feafon in which you wrote , which was towards Winter, might eafily caufe it to come no fader: Seeing Hkewife, there is Co much to be found in it which may gratifie Defire, and perhaps, (b much the more, the long- er it was e re it came to my Hands. And although I had litde to fend back,be(ides my Thanks for the little Indexy
(a)^ mte offome Pa- Q^\ y^^. jj^^,. {^^^^^ tO me of ters of the Lord Bacon'/ tn \ ■^.■^ , ^ , .
D. R's. hands. luch momcnt, that I would
no longer (upprefs them ,
efpecially becaufe I accounted it a Crime
to have fuffer'd Mr. Smith
(b3 of chrift's Coiiedg (/,j ^^ h^v^ b^cn without
in Cambridge Znd I\jeperof at % r n ■ r
the^Mtc!^ Library there. an Anlwcr : Mr. c^mith^ my
moft: kind Friend , and to whofe care in my Matters, I owe all Re- gard
Sihliografhical ^malns. 235
gardand AfFedion, yet without diminution of that part ( and that no fmall one nei- ther) in which Dr. Rawlcji hath place; So that the Sotfls of us Three Co throughly a- greeing, may be aptly faid to have united in a Triga.
Though I thought that I had already, (ufficiently (hew'd, what Veneration I had for the Ilhiflrious Lord Vendam^ yet I (hall take {uch care for the future, that it may not poffibly be deny'd, that I endeavour'd moft zealoufly to make this thing known to the learned World.
But neither (hall this Defign, of fetting forth in one Volume, all the Lord Bacons Works, proceed without confulting you, and without inviting you to caft in your Symbol, worthy fuch an excellent Edition: That fo the Appetite of the Reader, pro- voked already by hispubliih'd Works, may be further gratifi'd by the pure novelty of (b confiderable an Appendage.
For the French Interpreter^ who patch'd together his Things I know not whence (r), andtack'd CO certain fpuriout p^:.
t-Viit mnrlev nierp tn liim • P^^' welded to his Tranflatton ttiat "^Oney piece to mm, c/V/,^ Advancement. /Leain^
they mall not have place in ing- this great Colle&ion. But yet, I hope, to obtain your leave to pub- liQi apart, as an Appendix to the Natural
Hifiorj,
ij6 Tl:}e Lord Bacons
Hiftory^ that ExotickWork^^ gather d togcr ther from this and the other place [ of his Lordfhips Writings'] and by me tranflated into Latwe, For feeing the genuine Pieces of the Lord Baco?T are already Extant, and in many Hands, it is neceffary that the For- reignReader be given to underftand5of what Threds the Texture of that Book confifts, and how much of Truth there is in that, which that (hamelefs perfbn does in his Preface to the Reader, (b flupidly write of you.
My Brother, of hkffed Memory^ turn'd his wqrds into Latirte^ in the firft Edition of the j^tnral Hijiorj^ having (bme fiilpi- tion of the Fidelity of an unknown Au- thor. I will, in theficeffd Editiof?^ repeat them, and with juft (everity, animadvert upon them : That they, into whofe hands that Work comes, may know it to be (up- pofititious, or rather patch'd up of many diftinft Pieces , how much foever the Au- thour bears himfelf upon the fpecious Tide qf Vernlam,
Unlefs, perhaps , I (hould particularly liiggeft in your Name, that the(e words were there inlerted, by way of Caution 5 and left Malignity and Ralhnefs fhould any way blemifli the Fame of fo eminent a Per- fon.
n-
!Bibliographical ^malnsl 257
Si fne^ Fata^ meis^ pateretjtur dncere li-
tam Aufficiis ( to u(e the words of
Virgil. ) If my Fate would permit me to live according to my Wifhes, I wolud flie over into England^ that I might behold whatlbcver remaineth , in your Cabinet, of the Verulamian Workmanfhip , and at leaft make ray Eyes witneffes of it, if the pofTellion of the Merchandize be yet denied to the Publick.
At prefent I will fupport the\^i(hes of my impatient defire, with hope of feeing, one E)ay , thofe [Iflues] which being committed to faithful Privacie, wait the time 'till they may (afely lee the Light, and not be ftif^ed in their Birth.
I wifti, in the mean time, I could have a fight of the Copy of the Epiftle to Sir Henry Savil^ concerning the Helps of the Intelle&ual Powers : For I am perfuaded, aa to the other Latifie Remains ^ that I fhall not obtain, for prefent ufe, the removal of them from the place in which they now are. Farexvel.
Maejiricht^ March 20.
New Style, 1655.
The
2 J 8 7he Lord Bacon's
The Third Letter written by Mu Jfaac Qrutevy to Dr. ^wley^ con- cerning the Writings of the Lord
!Baco7t*
Reverendo, Doftiffimoq; viro Guli- elmo ^wleio^ S.Theologiac Do6tori S. P. D. Jfaacus ^ruterns.
Vir Reverende & amiciffitne,
QUanta in parte honoris depuiarem fn'rjja Verulamii pojihuma^ qu£ e tm non ltd yndcm Miffeo Latina prodiere^ aVts pro- tifim Gratis figmficanmt^ Jl ciiram amici^ qui hie operant fuam von fi'njira requiri paffits eji^ hand Infirit fortuna traje^us^ varia, e cau/a j£pe ditbij. 'l^Qinc tanto majm mihi ijind Leneficinm eji^ quanio inftgmorem frttgcm pra- ft Hit le&io 7Jon ignava^ C^ par cnm quibufdam , ex offcina Baconiana a me editis ceilatio 5 an- &iore?/7 cm/:-/ tibi debemus Hijioriam denfi d^ rari, fed C^ alia ijio contenta Vohtmine priuf- qitam tion confpeBa, Unum mirabar^nofi exflare ibi ceteris aggregatfi^m Verulamii Epijtolam ad Henricum Savilium, de adjumentis fa- chhatum Imdk^fualmm^ jl ex Uteris dim
tnis
tuh tton vafje mihi recorda?jti fithjicit Titulum appellata memoria^faltem wfcripiofie tion lot7ge dijJiMJli, Si per oblwiomm ibi forte non comparet^ fcrimis tamen vejiris merrat^ optem videre Apographnm^ in cujus hJh honam fidem mn dejiderabisj nifi Anglicano Sermone fcripta locum invenerit in niajori opere, mod vernaatla dnntaxat compk&7tnr» Id Ji nos fiire patiarisj ^ an obtinendi Libri, in quo e^ Oratoria, firs d^ Epifiolica, digernntiiry maHrn£ LingH£ partits^ Jpes ex promiJJbfuC' rit non immode^a , animo meo confecraris tui memoriam^ in cujus veneratione nunqnam defatigabitur fegnefcere alacritas objiri&if- ftmi ajfeUus. Vale.
Trajedi ad Mofam, ande pofl dnos trejve ntenfes Novomagura migro^ Batavis fiturus propior. Per Smithaeum tamen tranfmittere ad me perges^ fi quid volueris,
Kal. Julii,
St. N. CID I DC LIX.
The
2j^o 7he LordBsLCOiks
The fame in Engliflb, hy the ^uUt[hero
To the ^verendy and moft Learnedy William Rawley , B. D. Ifaac Gruter wijheth much Health.
Reverend Sir, and my moft dear friend^
HOw much I hold my felf honour d by your Prefetit of the Lord Bacons ''Poflkumons Works , publifhed lately by you in Latme^ my thanks immediately re- turned, had let you underftand, if ill For- tune in the Paffage ( which is, for divers caules, uncertain) had not deluded the care of a Friend, who did here with much readinefs, undertake the Conveyance of them.
Now, the Gift is by fo much the greater, by hovv much the more benefit I reap d by diligent reading of tliofe Papers, and by comparing them with fbme of the Lord Baccus Works, which I my (elf had for- merly publifticd. For to you we owe the more enlarged Hijiory de Denfo ^ RarOy as alfo many other things, contain d in that Volume, which faw not the Light before.
Oner
'Bibliographical ^mamsl 14 ^
One Paper I wonder I (aw not araongft them, the Epiflle of the Lord Bacon to Sir Henry Savil^ about the Helps of the Intelle- &Hal Porvers^ fpoken of long ago in your Letters, under that, or (bme fiich Titles ' if my Memory does not deceive me. If it was not; forgotten , and remains among your private Papers, I (liould be glad to jee a Copy of it, in the ufe of which, my Faithfulneis (hall not be wanting. But," perhaps, it is written in the Englifi Tongue^ and is a part of that greater Volume^ which contains only his Englifi WorI{s,. If you will pleaie to let me underftand fo muchj' and likewise give meaffurance of obtaining that Book, in which the Speeches^ and it may be the Letters of the Lord Bacon^ written by him in Englifi^ are digefted ^ you will render your Memory (acred in my Mind, in the veneration of which, the chearfulne(s of a mo(t devoted affedion fhall never be weary. FareweL
From Maesirjcht , from whence , after two or three Months, I remove to U^ni" meghen nigher to Holland. But you may convey to me, any thing you dcfife, by Mr, Smith,
Jnly^ ii\.?^n> Style, i6j^:
K A
Z42 Tfe Lord Bacon's
J brief Jccmnt ef the Life^ and parti- cularly of the Writings of the Lord Bacon, written by that learned J^nti" tjuarie^ Sir William Dugdale, Nor- roy King of Arms , in the fecond Tome of his Sock entituled^ The Ba- * P^s-4S7. ronage of England * ; together with divers Infertions by the ^ublijher,
Francis, Lor J Vcrulam, Vicomt St. Alban.
c
[ l6 Jac. ■]
[Onfid^ring that this Perfbn was Co Eminent'fbr his Learning, and other great Abihties, as his Excellent Works will fufficiently manifeft 5 though a fhort Nar- a fmpr. rativc a o£ his Life, is already fet forth by L^n^. an. j^Q^Qj, Willjam T(awley , his domeftique Chaplain, I am not willing to omit the ta- king notice of (lich particulars, as are mod memorable of him 5 and therefore fhall briefly recount j pardy from that Narra- tive,
]
(Bibliographical ^mains, 24 j
tive, and partly from other Authorities, what I have oblcrvcd in order thereto.
As to his Parentage, he was h the you n- hiM, gcft of thole two Vlale Children , which Sir T^QchvLs Bacrn of Redgrave^ in Com. Snjf. Ivni'^ht, had by Afine his Wife, one of the fix Daughters of Sir Anthony Cook , of Giddy-Hall^ in Com. Ejjcx. Knight, ( a per- (bri much honoured for his Learning, and being Tutor to King Edix.ird the Sixth ) ^ all thofJ Daughters being exquifitely skilled c in the Grcek^ and Latinc Tongues. c Ann^i.
Which A^VW/^f, having; been a dilig:ent ri'.,',.^"'',. Student of the Laws m d Urays-lnn^ was a». M75. made e the King's Attorney in the Court ^J'-{^ "^^ of Wards, in 38 H. 8. and upon the death Rawlev. * of that King^ ( which (bon after happened) ^''^^' ^^ bad his Patent for the fame trufl, renewed by his Son and Succeflor, King Edirard ^^f- \^- he Sixth. In the (ixth year of whole '^''^''^ eign, he was conftituted ^ 'Treafurer forgow^^.?^- hat Noble Society of Grays- Inn, whereof "'^*'^^^^' le had been (b long a Member. And be- ng grown famous for his Knowledg, was, |hortly after, ziz. in i £//z.. made h Lord^^**'-^ ^• eeper of the great Seal of England^ and nighted, / which Office in his time, was i m. 6. tn Y Aft of Parhament made equal in A\i-°^^:^'^'''Z' hority with the Chancellours. What I have otherwife obferved of this a 2 Sir
244 Tl^eLord Bacon's
Vl^itnai Sir Jsficholas Bacotj^ is, 4 that being no fu^'a^L friend to the Queen ofScots^ ("thenPri- ^n. 1^64. (oner in England^ he was / privy , and aflenting to what Hales had publifht, in derogation to her Title, as next and law- ful Succeffor to Queen Elizabeth 5 afferting that of the Hou(e of Suffolk^ before it, for tanihid. which, Hales (ufFered m Imprifonment, and had not Cecil ftood his faithful friend, n fo might he ^ nothing being more diflaft- ful to Queen Elizabeth^ than a dilpute up- on that point. Next, that in 14 Eliz. up- on thofe Propofals made by the Nobility of Scotland^ for her enlargement, he op- op /^;^./« pofed tf it, allcadging, p that no fecurity ""•I 57^' could ballance the danger thereof Laftly, That upon his death, which happened in Aprils J[n. 1579. (2iEliz.^ this Chara- %. 157^. ^er ^ is given of him by the learned Camb* der?^ viz. that he was Vir pr^pitiguis^ in- genio acerrimo ^ (iTigulari prudentia^ fumma doqitentia^ tetrad memoria^ ^ facris confiliis altcrttm colutnen : Of perfon very corpident^ mnjl quick ^lit^ fwgular Prudence^ admira- ble Eloqiie?7ce^ fpccial Memory^ and another Pillar to the Privy-Council. ^^^. ^ . . r i Of his Death, this is (aid
* This Account IS inferted j^ 1 1 n ,,tt i »
by. the pubiiiiier, who rook to be the occalion. ^'He had it out of a Paper of che Lord " his Barber rubbing and com- ^''''"'' " bingkis Head,And,becaufe it
^^ was
IBmo^rapfncai 'J^^ematm. ^^^
*'tt>4j very hot^the Window was open to let in a. ^'freJJj Wind. He fell ajleep^ and awaked all '*• difiemperd, and in a great fweat^ Said '' he to the Barber^ Why did you let me fieep .<? ^Why^ my Lord , /aid he, I durft not wake ^"■your Lordfiip. Why then, faith my Lord " Keeper, yon have J^^^d me with Kindnefs. " So he removed into his Bed-Chamber, and *' within a few days died^]
Whereupon , being Interred on the South-fide of the Quire in St. Pauh Cathe- dral, within the City of Londm, he had a noble Monument, r there ereded to his '^^f;X Memory, with thi§ Epitaph: cafh.f.y^.
Hie Nicolaum ne Baconem conditum ex- ijiimailkm,tam & Britannic? Regni fe- cundum cobtmen 3 Exitiim malk. Bonis Afylum 5 c£ca quem non extulit ad have honorem fors ^ fed JEqnitas , Fides^ Do&rina, Pietas , ftnica & Prudentia, Neu forte raptum crede, qui unica brevi, vita perenni emerit duoi, agit vitam fe- cnndam oolites inter animoi. Fama implet orbem, vita qUiS illi tertia eji. Hac pofitum in ara eft Corpus, olim a- tiimi homui ^ Ara dicata fempitertt^ ^emori£.
^ 3 CThat
^4^ The Lor J Bacons
TrlZtn. ^^^^ ^^' ^ '^^'^"^ ^^ ^^'^^^ ^^^^^ Shrine en if done contaim thsit 9^ckolas '^Bacov^ who was fo
^rubu(her ^^"g ^^^ fecond Pillar o^ Great "Br it am :^ for lull the Scourge of the Vicious, and the San- niftofthe dtuary of the Good ; Whom blind Fortune ^K^adtr. ^^^ "ot exalt to that height of Honour, but his Equity, Fidelity, Learning, Piety, lingular Prudence. Neither believe him to be by chance fnatch'd away, who, by one fhort Life, purchafed two in Life Eter- nal. He lives his iecond Life among the Heavenly Spirits. His Fame filleth the World, which is his third Life. In this Al- tar is repofed his Body, fom.etime theHoufe of his Soul, an Altar dedicated to his per- petual Memory.
Thus much touching the Parentage of fti://>o/, this Franck '^ his Birth /being at T^r^- ,
K^\\\^'l' ^^"fi ^"^ ^^ Stratid, upon the twenty fe- cond day ofjam/arj, Amjo 1 560. (2 Eliz.) it is obferved, t that in his ten.der Years, his Pregnancy was fuch, as gave great in- dication of his future high Accomplifh- , ments 5 in fo much, as Qiieen Elizabeth took notice of him, and called him Thejoiwg Lord-Keeper ^ alfb, that asking him, how old he vvas, though but a Boy," he anfvver- ' ed, that he was trvo years yomfger than her Mijefiies wojl happy Re;gfh
As
(Bihltographical %emains. 247
As to his Education, he was u of Trinity " ^^f^- College , in Cambridge under the tuition of Doftor John Whitgift, then Mailer there, but afterwards the renowned Arch-Bithop of Canterbury. Where having with great proficiency, fpent'-lbme time, he was fcnt X into France^ with S\r Amos Pcwlet^ ^^^xy/^/V. Majeftie's Leiger Ambaliador, and thence intruded with a Meflage y to the Queen, which he performed with much approbati- on 5 and To returned.
After this, coming from Travail, and applying himielf to the ftudy of the Com- mon Law, he was (eated z in Grays-Inn, 1 ih*i. Where in (hort time, he became (b highly efteemed for his Abilities, as that in 50 £/7Z;. (being then but 28 years of Age) that honourable Society, chofe a him for a or/>. their Lent Reader: And in 32 E/zz.. was f'"''j-^ made b one of the Clerks of the Coun- b/^d/.'^z
In 42 £//z>. being c double Reader in <^ 0''>. thatHoufe, and affefting much the Orna- '^^''"^^^' ment thereof, he caufed A that beautiful ^ ^^- ^71^ Grove of Elms, to be planted in the Walks, * which yet remain. And upon the 25 of 77//)' I 7^r. was Knisjhted e at White-Hall. ^ ^S. /n Shordy after which, viz. m 2 jac. he was made /one of the King's Council learned, ^ ^^^ ^ having therewith a grant g of forty Pounds jac. ^. i 2,
R 4 /tr
Tl^eLord Bacon's
.v' f
per at/rfum Feef, and in 5 Jac, conftituted ^ ^^f' 5 h his Majeftie s Solicitor General. In 9 Jac. l^p'J'l^' he was made / joynt Judge with Sir Thowas J«c.^, Vavafor^ then Knight Marftial, of the Knight Marihal's Court, then newly erefted with- in the Verge of the King's Houfe, and in li/»rf/^. n. II Ja^' (27 OBob.) being made 4 Attor- \^c.py, nev General, was (worn / of the Privy pc.?er Counal.
Cambd. In 14 Jac. he was corilituted m Lord £,?/g^;;r Keeper of the Great Seal, (7 Martij) be- ing then fifty four years of Age. ; . ; ■ , II " It is faid in a * Libel,
"^ Aninfertfonhythe Pub. cl r ' u- u
X'sLr: ■ \ 1°^ which are many o-
' . " ther notorious Slanders,J
wS SZJ "■"" " *« 'l^^Duke o£ Buckles- ,'•■■. " kam^ to vex the very Soul
" of the Lord Chancellour Egerton^ in his " laft Agony, did (end Sir Frafick Tiacon " to him for the Seals , and likewife that ^' the dying Chancellor, did hate that ^B^- ^ con fhould be his Succeffor, and that his "Spirit not brooking this u(age, he (ent " the Seals by his Servant to the King, and " (hortly after, yielded his Soul to his Ma- " ker. In which few words there are two palpable Untruths.
' For firft, The King himfelf (ent for the Seal, not the Duke of l^mkingham : And he (ent for it , not by Sir F ram is 'Bd- ' ■ ' COP/^
(Bihlio^raphical ^malnsl 249
con^ (a) but by Secretary Winvpood ^^^^ ^^"^ with this Mcflage, that himself would be narU. his Under-Keeper, and not difpofe of the P- ^7i« Place of Chancellour while he lived ; Nor did any receive the Seal out of the King's light, till the Lord Egerton died, which (bon fell out.
Next, The Lord Chancellour Egerton was wilhng that Mafter Attorney Bacorf^ ihould be his Succeflbr ^ and ready to for- ward his Succeffion : So far was he from conceiving hatred againft him, either upon that, or any other Account.
The Lord Egerton was his Friend in the Queens time 5 and I find Mr. '^acon making his acknowledgements in a Letter to him, in the(e words,which I once tranfcribed firom the unpublifh'd Original. '' For my placing , your Lordfhip beft " knoweth, that when I was moft dejeded "with her Majeftie's ftrange dealing to- '' wards me, ' it pleafed you of your fingu- " laf favour, fo far to comfort, and encou- " rage me, as to hold me worthy to be ex- " cited, to think of (iicceeding your Lord- "fhip in your (econd Place: Signifying, " in your plainnels, that no Man fhould "better content your felf Which your " exceeding fivour you have not fince c^r- ** ried from , both in pleading the hke fig-
"nifica-
1 5 o Tfje Lord Bacon's
" nification into the hands of (bme of my " beft Friends 5 and alfo in an honourable "and anfwerable Commendation of me, " to her Majefty. Wherein I hope, your " Lordfhip (if it pleale you call to mind) " did find me , neither overweening , in " preiuming too much upon it, nor much *' deceived in my opinion of the Event, for " the continuing of it ftill in your felf^ nor '' fleepy in doing fome good Offices to the " fame purpofe.
This favour of the Lord Egertons^ which began (b early, continued to the laft. And thus much Sir Francis '^acon teftified in a Letter to Sir George Villiers^ of which this Ci?) Re- is 3 p^ft, (yj « iVly Lord Chancellor told /j-'^o/zL " m^) ycfterday, in plain terms, that if the c'o//e^. of " King would ask his opinion, touching the Letters, u pej.(^|^ t-}^at \^Q would commend to fiic- "cced him, upon Death, or Difability^ " he would name me, for the fitteft Man. " You may advife, whether ufe may not be " made of this Offer. And the like ap- pears by what Mafter Attorney wrote to Kins; James ^ during the ficknefs of my Lord Chancellor. Amongft other things, * ihu, p. he wrote this to the King. "^ " It pleafed my ^^' ^' Lord Chancellor, out of his ancient and
*^' nrreat Love to me, which many times, in '"'Sickneis, appcareth moft 5 to admit me
"to
(C
!Btblw^ra^hical ^ma'ms. 251
to a great deal of Speech with him this '' Afternoon '-, which, during thele three " Days, he hath (carccly done to any.
In the fame "^ Libel, my Lord Baco^z is *5V''^''^ reproach'd as a very neceflitous Man, and p.' u^. one, for that Reafon , made Keeper by the Duke, to (erve fuch Turns, as Men of better Fortunes would never condcfcend to. And this, al(b, is a groundleis and un- charitable Infinuation. He had now en- joyed, a good while, many profitable Places, which preferv d him from Indigence, though his great Mind did not permit him to fwcU his Purfe by them, to any extraor- dinary Bigne(s. And, in the Queen's time, when he was in meaner Circumftances, he did not look upon himfclf as in that ellate ot Necedity , which tcmpteth generous Minds to vile things. Hear himfelf repre- (enting his Condition, no Man knew it better, or could better exprefs it. Thus he dates his Ca(e in the aforefaid unpub- lifh'd Letter to the Lord Chancellor Eger- ton^ of the whole of which, I fbmctimchad the perufa], though now much of it is lofl, and , as I believe , bevond all recovery. •^^My Eftate (faid he) I confels a truth to " your Lordfhip , is weak, and Indebted, " and needeth Comfort. For both my Fa- .''ther (though, I think, I had greateft
" part
tji TheLordBiLCoriS
*^part in his Love of all his Children) " in his Wi(clom (erved me in, as a laft " Comer : And my (elf^ in mine own In- "duftry, have rather referred, and a(pired ^' to Vertue^ than to Gain 5 whereof I am " not yet wife enough to repent me. But "^ the while, whereas Sabmon (peaketh. That ^^Wat7t cometh firfl as a Wayfaring Man ^ and ^^ after as an ^rnted Man 5 I muft acknow- " ledgmy felf to be m prima gradw^ for it '^ ftealeth upon me. But,forthe fecond, that "it (hould not be able to be refifted, I hope " in God^ I am not in that cafe. For the " preventing whereof, ^as I do depend up- " on God's Providence all in all 5 (b in the ''fame, his Providence I fee, opened unto "me, three not unhkely expedtations of *^' Help. The one, my Praftice 5 the other, " fome proceeding in the Queen's Service 5 " the third, the Place I have in Reverfion, " which as it ftandcth now unto me, is but "like another Man's Ground buttalling ^'^upon my Houfe, which may mend my • ' Profped, but it doth not fill my Barn.
This Place he meaneth, was the Regi- flers Office in the Star-Chamber, which fell to him in the time of King James^ and was worth about 1 600 /. by the Year.
But to return from this Digreflion. When Sir Francis IBacon was conftituted
Lord-
!BibUographical (^mains. ijj
Lord-Keeper , the King admonifht hiru, that he (hould Seal nothing raftily 5 as alfo that he ftiould Judg uprightly, and not ex- tend the Royal Prerogative too high. Af- ter which, viz. upon the feventh Day of Maj^ ( which was the firfl Day of Eajier Term next enluing) he made his fblemn proceeding c to Wejimwjier-Hall^ in this c^^'^'- order. Firft, The Writing Clerks andin- feriour Officers belonging to the Court of Chancery. Next the Students of the Law. Then the Gentlemen of his own Family. After them, the Sergeant at Arms, and bearer of the Great Seal, on foot. Then himfelf on Horfback, in a Gown of Pur- ple Satin, riding betwixt the Lord-Trea- (urer, and Lord Privy-Seal. Next divers Earls , Barons , and Privy-Councellors. Then the Judges of the Court at Wefimm- Jler^ whole place in that proceeding, was afligned after the Privy-Councellors And when he came into the Court, the Lord- Trealurer, and Lord Privy-Seal, gave him his Oath, the Clerk of the Crown read- ing it.
Upon the fourth o^Jamtary^ 16 J^c, ^^^^r he was made Lord Chancellor <^ of £/7gA^W. i6jac. in On the eleventh of July next enluing, l°J'^l' created t Lord Verulam^ and on the Jac;?. n; 27th of Jatmarj^ 18 Jac. advanced /to ^r^'"*'^
the ^^'^''^'
:^54 The Lord Bacon's
the dignity of Vicount St. Albati ^ his fb- ^\\Jnnai lemn Inveftiture^ being then performed at ^'n.ll'ii. Thtohalds'^ his Robe carried before him by the Lord Garew^ and his Coronet by the Lord Wetitworth. Whereupon he gave the King (evenfold thanks 5 h firfl, for ma- king him his Solicitor 5 (econdly, his Attor- ney '-) thirdly, one of his Privy Council 5 fourthly, Lord-Keeper of the Great Seal 5 fifthly, Lord-Chancellor 5 fixthly,Baron ^- rtdam 5 and laftly, Vicount St, Alia>;,
But long he enjoyed not that great Of- fice of Lord -Chancellor : for in Le^t^ 18 Jac. Corruption in the exercife thereof iorig.ju. ^^"^g objected i againft him, (of which nd. in chr. 'tis bclievcd, his Servants were mod guilty, \^l^' • and he himfelf not much acceflbry ) the tnfiyndhy Great Seal was taken k. from him. ^ilf"^' This Fall / heforefaw, yet he made no I ibti ftiew of that bafe and mean Spirit, with which the Libel before remembred, does mOm ^/-unworthily charge him m. The late King, /C James, of blcfled Memory (then Prince) made 121,123. 2 very differing observation upon him. n Aui. " Returning from Hunting, n he efpied a coqu. f. « Coach attended with a goodly Troop of ^^^' "Horfemen, who, it feems, were gather- " ed together to wait upon the Chancellor " to his Houf^ at Gorhambmy.^ at the time " of his Declenfion. The Prince fmiling ,
" faid,
bibliographical ^mains. i J J
" (aid, Wei/ ! Do we what we can^ this Man '•^ fcorns to go out like a. Srmjf. And he com- " mended his undaunted Spirit, and excel- " lent Parts, not without fome Regret, that " fuch a Man fliould be falling off.
It is true, that after the Seal was taken from him, he became a great example of Penitence and Submiflion. But it was a Submiffion which both manifefted his juft fenle of his Fault, and the more Venial Nature of it , as arifing from Negligence, rather than Avarice and Malice.
He (hewed by it, that there was not in his Heart that ftiffnefs of Pride, which openly denies or juftifies thole Crimes of which it (elf is (ecretly convinced : But it appeared not by any thing, during all the time of his Ecliple of Fortune, that there was any abjednefs of Spirit in him. The many and great Works which he wrote, (hew a mind in him, not diftrafted with Anxiety, nor deprefled with Shame, nor flow for want of Encouragement , nor broken with Dilcontent. Such a Temper is inconfiftent with fuch noble Thoughts and Deligns, (uch ftrift Attention, (uch vigour of Conceit, (uch a Ma(culine Style, fuch quicknels in Compofition, as appeared in his learned Labours.
When
*5^ ^/;e LordBsicOns
When the Great Seal was taken from him, it was committed to the Cuftody of He^zry Vicount i3ia?7devil^ ( at that time Prefident of the Council ) and certain o- ther Lords Commiflioners : And upon the
0/^.^.104. tenth of jf^/;' after, to 0 DoftOr John Wil- liams^ Dean of Wefiminfiei^ afterwards Bi- (hop of Lincohi.
P Life of. Towards his rifing years, he married />
taXyf' ^^^^^-i one of the Daughters and Co-heirs to IBenedi^ ^arnham^ Alderman of Lon- do?7^ with whom he had an ample Portion 5 but by her had no Children, to perpetuate his Memory, which his learned Works, be- ing for the moft part compoled in the five laft years of his Life, will amply fiipply, being then totally retired from all Civil Affairs, and applying himfelf daily to Con- templation and Study fi the particulars were
<\ihtL thefe, q 'Viz.
^ ■ . • ■
^ The Hijlorj of the Reign of K-ing Henty the Seventh. ^^ r. Abcedarium Natur£ '^ or a Metaphjjical ^ieci
it k here ^WrV loft. "^
T'fy, Biiloria Ventomm.
hy the Put". Ti-ln . rr- ^ i/f .•'
ijfher. tiijiorut yjt£ & mortis.
T/T ^^j^ormTienil & T{ari^ not yet Printed. ||
Jt\!oa- H/Jhria Gravis S"^ Levis, which is alio loft.
don, -4». ^ Difcourfe of a War with Spain.
(Bibliographical ^malns, ' ^57
A Dialogue touchmg an Holy War.
The Fable of the Netv Atlantis.
A Preface to a Digejl of the Laws <?/ England.
The beginning of the HiBory of the Reign of
King Henty the Eighth. ^ De Augntentis Scicntiarum , or the Acl-
vancement of Lcar?/ing , pfit into Latine^
with feveral Enrichments and Efjlarge^
nients. ^ Councils Cittil and Moral ^ Or his l^opk^
of Ejfays^ lil^ewife enriched and enlarged. ^ The Converfion cf certain Pfalms intd
Englijl) Verje. Tfje Tranflation of the History of King Henfy
the Seventh^ into Latine 5 as alfo of the
Councils, Civil and Moral^ and Dialogue
of the Holy War. % His Book dt Sapientia Veteritm^ revifed, ^ In qui fit 70 de Magnet e.'~} 4 Topica Inquifitionis > Not Printed. ^ » 'r»^
de Luce ^ Lnntitie. J Printed
^ Sylva Syharum^ or his Natural Hijiory, ^.^i, ^/
• D:nfo &
He departed r this Life, upon the ninth ^^^^^l day o£ April, 1626^ (being Eajier-Day^v ibid, in the (ixty fixth year of his Age, at the Earl of Arundel's Houfe in High-Gate, near London, to which place he cafually repair- ed about a Week before 5 and was Buried / in the North-fide of the Chancel in St. r/^/^o
S Michael's
258 7 he Lord Bacon's
^MichaeVs Church at St. Albans^ according to the appointment by his laft Will and t Ibid, Teftament 5 becaufe t the Body of his Mo- ther lay there Interred, it being the only Church remaining within the Precind of Old Vendam^ where he hath a Monument of White Marble, reprefenting his fiiU Bo- dy in a contemplative pofture, fitting in a Chair, erefted by Sir Thomas Meautys^ Knight, formerly his Secretary, but after- wards Clerk of the Council to King James, and King Ckarkf the Firft. On which is this following Epitaph, Compofed by the Learned Sir Hemy Wotton^ Knight.
Francijcus Bacon^ *^aro de Verulaw, S, Al- bam Vicecomes : Seu^ Tiotioribus tJttilis
SckTitiariim Lttmcn^ facHndi£ Lex, jic fede^ bat.
^i-i poUqaam or/wia NaturaUs fapieKti^^ d^ CivJlis Arcana evolvijjet , Natura decre- turn explevit. Compofita folvatitur^ Anno. •Dom. U\XY.y.V\: lEtatk Lxvi.
Tanti viri wemori£ Thomas Meautus fuper- ihtu adtor 3 depmUi Admirator. H. P.
That
That is, Fra?7ck BacoM^ Baron of Vent' * This is lam^ Vicount of St. Mam : Or tn more^^f ^/f:
COniplCUOUS lltleS5 VMiJhers,
The Light of the Sciences, the Law of Elo- quence, (ate on this manner.
Who, after he had unfolded all the Myft?- ries of Natural and Civil VVifdom, o- beyed the Decree of Nature.
Let the Compamons he parted ||, in the Year n i. t.sad of our Lord 1626, and the lixty fixth '*'^'^ ^"^J- year of his Age.
Thomas Meautjs , a Reverencer of him whilfl Alive , and an Admirer of him now Dead, hath let up this to the Me- . mory of (b great a Man.
S 2 CHA^
CHARACTERS
OF THE
Lord Bacon.
LONDON,
Printed for JR. C. at the Rofe and Crown in St. F mil's Church-yard, 1679,
83
A
CHARACTER
OF THE
Lord Bacon, Given by Dr. Teter Heylin^
in his Life of Arch-Bifliop Lmdy Tart I. Ta^, 64. J?ino 1620.
THe Lord Chancellor Baco^^ was a Man of a moft ftrong Brain, and a Chymical Head 5 dcfigning his Endeavours to the perfeding of the Works of Nature 5 or rather improving A^^- titre to the beft Advantages of Life, and the common Benefit of Mankind. Pity it was, he was not entertain d with fbme libe- ral Salary, abftraded from all Affairs both of Court and Judicature , and furnifhed with Sufficiency, both of Means and Helps,
S 4 fo;-
z6j^ QharaBcrs of
for the going on in his Defign : Which had it been, he might have given us (uch a body of Natural Philofofhy^ and made it (b fubfcrvient to the PubUck Good, that nei- ther Anjlotlcj nor Theophraflus^ amongft the Ancients , nor Paracelfm , or the' reft of our latter Chymifts, would have been con- iiderable.
J QharaEier of the Lord Bacon, giMen by Dr. Sprat, in his Hiftory of the Royal Society, T^rt i. Se^i. \6.
T
He Third fort of Nem Pbilofi-: ^^pkrs have been thofe, who ^^ have not onlv difigreed from the Ancients^ '' but have alio proposed to themfelves the "right Courfe of (low and fure Experi- ^'^ mcfitif-g : And have prbfecuted it as far " as thefnortnefs of their own Lives, or the '-'- multiplicity of their other Affairs, or the ^' narrownefs of their Fortunes, have gi- " ven thcrn leave. Such as theie, we are f^ to expcft to be but few : For they muft ^'dcvcn: thcmfflvcs of many vain Concep- " lions, and overcome a thquland fiKe
" Jniages,
the LordBsiConl 2^5
" Images, which lie like Monfters in their " way, before they can get as far this. And ^' of the(c, I (hall only mention one Great " Man, who had the true Imagination of " the whole extent of this Efiterprize^ as " it is now (et on foot ^ and that is, the " Lord Bacon, In whofe Books there are, "every where fcattered, the bcfk Argu- " ments that can be produc'd for the de- " fence, of Experimental Phjlofophy ^ and " the beft diredions that are needful to " promote it. All which he has, already " adorn'd with fo much Art , that if my " defires could have prevaiVd with Come " excellent Friends of mine, who engag'd " me to this Work, there (hould have been "no other Preface to the Hijiory of the Royal *' Society^ but (bme of his Writings. But, " methinks, in this one Man, I do at once "find enough occafion, to admire the '' ftrength of Humane Wit, and to bewail '^ the weakneft of a Mortal Condition. For, " is it not Wonderful, that he, who had " run through all the degrees of that Pro- " f^lfio^^ which ufually takes up Mens whole *' time ^ who had Studied, and Pradifed, " and Governed the Common Law : Who " had always liv'd in the Crowd, and born "the greateft burden of Civil Bu(ine(s ^ . " Should yet find leifure enoueh for thele
"retird
t66 CharaSers of
"retird Studies, to excel all thofe Men, " who feparate themfelves for this very pur- " pole } He was a Man of ftrong, clear, "and powerful Imaginations: His Qtnius " was fearching, and inimitable: And of " this I need give no other Proof, than his '' Style it felf 5 which as, for the moftpart, *' it defcribes Men's minds, as well as Pi- ^' ftures do their Bodies : So it did iJ//, " above all Men living. The Courfi of it '' Vigorous, and Majeftical : The Wit bold ^' and familiar : The Comparisons fetched out "of the way, and yet the moft eafie : In '' all, expreliing a Soul equally skill'd in "Afe/?, and Nature. All this, and much more, is true of him : But yet his Fhilofo- pkical Works do (liew, that a lingle and bufie Hand, can never grafp all this whole Delign 5 of which we treat. His ^I^Ies were admirable : Yet his Hifiory not Qy faithful as might have been wiili'd in many places : He feeras rather to take all that corner^ than to choofe, and to heap rather than to regijler. But I hope this Accufation of mine, can be no great injury to his Memo- ry ^ feeing, at the fame time, that I fay he had not the ftrength of a thoufand Men^ I do alfb allow him to have had as much as Twcf:tj\
the Lor J Bacon. 267
J CharaBer of the Lord Bacon'j Phi- lofophy, by Mr» Abraham ( ow- ley, hi his Poem to the Royal So- ciety.
CjOme few exalted Spirits this latter
O Age has (hovvn. That labour'd to aflert the Liberty (From Guardians, who were now Ufur-
pers Grown ) Of this Old Minor ^ ftill, Captiv'd Phi- * Herbat lofophy 5 . :r/t
But 'twas Rebellion call'd, to Fight fta.rati. For fuch a long oppreffed Right. ^"^ "~
Bacon at lair, a mighty Man, arote, rum^fuy-
Whom a Wife King and Nature chofe miiUri Lord-Chancellor of both their Laws, DeVemt- And boldly undertook the injur d Pupils «^ '^'^^^ Caufe. ^^,,^.
Authority, which did a Body boaft, Though 'twas but Air condensed and ftalk'd
about, Like fome old Giant's more Gigantic Ghoft, . To terrific the learned Rout
With
ii58 " CharaEiers of
With the plain Magic of true Reafbns Tight,
He chac'd out of our fight, Nor fufFer'd Living Men to be milled By the vain (hadows of the Dead: To Graves, from whence it rofe, the co»- quer'd Phantom fled , He broke that Monftrous God, which flood In midft of th' Orchard, and the whole did claim. Which with a ufclefs Sithe of Wood, And (bmething elle not worth a Name, (Both vaft for {hew, yet neither fit Or to defend, or to beget j Ridiculous and (enflefs Terror! ) made Children and (uperftitious Men afraid. The Orchards open now, and free 5 '^acon has broke that Scar-crow Deitie 5
Come, enter, all that will. Behold the rip'ned Fruit, come gather now your fill. Yet ftill, methinks, we fain would be Catching at the forbidden Tree, We would be like the Deitie 5 When Truth and Fahhood, Good and Evil
we. Without the Senfes aid within our felves would lee :
For 'tis God only who can find All Nature in his Mind.
4. From
the Lord32LCon* x6^
From Words, which are but Pidures of
the Thought, ( Though we our Thoughts from them per-
verfly drew ) To Things, the Minds right Object, he it
brought. Like foohlh Birds to painted Grapes we
flew 5 He fought and gather d for our ufe the true 5 And when, on heaps, the chofen Bunches
lay, He preft them wifely the Mechanic way. Till all their Juice did, in one Veffel joyn. Ferment into a nourilhrnent Divine,
The thirfty Soul's refrefhing Wine. Who to the Life an exaft Piece would make, Muft not from others Work a Copy take j
No, not from Reubens, or Vandik^ ; Much lefs content himfelf to make it like Th' Ideas, and the Images which lie In his own Fancy, or his Memory.
No, He, before his fight, muft place
The natural and living Face ^
The real Objed muft command Each judgment of his Eye, and motion of his Hand.
5. Fiona
^70 CbaraElers ofy Sccl
Tromthefe, and all long Errors of the way. In which our wandring Predeceflbrs went, And like th' old Hebrews many years did ftray
In Deferts but of Imall extent, Eacoti^ like Mofes^ led us forth at laft, _ The barren Wildernefs he paft.
Did on the very Border ftand
Of the bleft promised Land, And, from the Mountains top of his exal-* ted Wit,
Saw it himfelfi and (hew'd us it. BjLit Life did never to one Man allow Time to difcover Worlds, and conquer too ^ Nor can fo (hort a Line iufficient be^ To fadom the vaft depths of Nature's Sea.
The work he did we ought t' admire. And were unjuft if we (hould more require From his few years, divided 'twixtth' excels Of low Affli<iion, and high Happinefs: For who on things remote can fix his fight.
That's always in a Triumph, or a Fight >
F I N I S.
\^
ifi
m\
♦