IJ.63U.7 It6c no. 897 1965 cop. 5 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/1965condensedins71965urba 1965 Condensed Insecticide Recommendations I R^Q '•'lAY ^/V / e-o J %kf/f, ms SITY 'ol for VEGETABLE CROPS Commercial vegetable gardeners find it impossible to produce vegetables profitably unless they control insects at maximum efficiency and minimum cost. The house- wife of today will not accept unsightly wormy vege- tables; not only are wormy fruits and vegetables unappetizing but the waste from trimming increases food costs. Thus the commercial vegetable gardener must produce a quality product that is acceptable and safe to the consumer. Careful and correct use of the right insecticides will enable him to do this. These condensed insecticide recommendations have been prepared for use by Illinois commercial vegetable farmers; they are not for liome gardeners, who should use only those insecticides that are extremely safe to handle, apply, and store. Furthermore, the commer- cial vegetable gardener must use a wider variety of insecticides than the home gardener in order to obtain maximum insect control at the least cost. In using insecticides, read the label and carefully follow the instructions. Do not exceed maximum rates recommended; observe carefully the interval between application and harvest, and apply only to crops for which use has been approved. Make a record of the product used, the trade name, the percentage content of the insecticide, the dilution, the rate of application per acre, and the date or dates of application. Some of the insecticides recommended here can be poisonous to the applicator. In using them, the com- mercial gardener is expected to use precautions to pro- tect himself, his workers, and his family from undue or needless exposure. In using these recommendations, always refer to the table on the next page, which lists the limitations AGRIC ov JBRARY and restrictions on use. These limitations apply to the vegetables as human food. If you use any portion of a vegetable for livestock food (tops, stalks, etc.) refer to the label for instructions as to the interval required between application and feeding. The chemical names used in these tables may be unfamiliar to you. These names are the common coined chemical names and as such are not capitalized. Trade names are capitalized/ In the table of limitations the common names are listed first. If the trade name is more commonly used,/ it is listed in parentheses following the common name. Throughout the tables of recommendations, however, the common name is used if there is one. In case of question, refer to the table of limitations. Recommendations sometimes change during the growing season. These recommendations are printed only once each year, and are therefore subject to change without notification. These recommendations were prepared by entomol- ogists of the University of Illinois College of Agricul- ture and the Illinois Natural History Survey and replace mimeographs NHE 88 through 95. Leaflets describing the life history, biology, and habits of some of the insects mentioned can be obtained from the offices of county farm advisers or by writing to 280 Natural Resources Building, Urbana. These are indicated by an NHE number in the tables. Insecticide recommendations for livestock and live- stock barns (Circular 898), for field crops (Circular 899), and for the homeowner (Circular 900) can also be obtained from the above offices or from the College of Agriculture, Urbana. CIRCULAR 897 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE In cooperation with ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE Urbana, Illinois, January, 1965 Cooperative Extension Work in Agriculture and Home Economics: University of Illinois, College of Agriculture, and the United States Department of Agriculture cooperating. lOUIS B. HOWARD, Director. Acts approved by Congress May 8 and June 30, 1914. LIMITATIONS IN DAYS BETWEEN APPLICATION AND HARVEST AND OTHER RESTRICTIONS ON USE OF INSECTICIDES RECOMMENDED IN ILLINOIS FOR CONTROL OF VEGETABLE CROP INSECTS (Blank spaces indicate the material is not recommended for the specific use in Illinois) Insecticide Aspara- gus Beans Broccoli Brussels sprouts Cab- bage Cauli- flower Horse- radish* Radish* Turnip* Onions Egg- plant Toma- toes carbaryl (Sevin) carbophenothion (Trithion)2 diazinon 1 1 0 7A B 7 1 3 5 15 3 1 4 7 3 3 7 7 3 4 7 3 ' B 21 3 "l 21 "7 1 4 10 3 ' 7D 21 3 5 15 "7 3 4 7 3 B 21 3 "'7 C 3 10 7 15 C 3,14G 10 3 3 4 10 C 28C 10 3 15 0 7 1 2 3 15 1 5 0 7 1 endosulfan (Thiodan) Guthion* 1 Kel thane 2 malathion 1 mevinphos (Phosdrin)2 naled (Dibrom) parathion^ 10 Perthane rotenone 1 toxaphene 1 trichlorfon (Dylox) . . . 21 Insecticide Pota- toes* Col- lards Kale Lettuce Spinach Swiss chard Sweet corn Cucum- bers' Melons' Pump- kins' Squash' Winter Summer carbaryl (Sevin) diazinon 0 0 0 5 0 14 10 "l 3 4 10 1 28 28B 14 10 "l 3 4 10 1 28 21 14 10 14 2 4 21 4 1 E 28B 14 10 "'7 4 4 7 7 1 21F 14 12 "'7 4 21 1 E 0 0 5 1 12 0 7 1 1 15 0 3 1 14A 1 7 0 3 14F 14 10 0 3 1 14F 14 15 0 7 endosulfan (Thiodan) malathion 1 Meta-systox-R2 mevinphos (Phosdrin)" naled (Dibrom) parathion^ 14F 1 15 Perthane rotenone toxaphene trichlorfon (Dylox) . . . ' Root crops such as radishes, turnips, carrots, potatoes, and sugar beets should not be grown in soil where aldrin, dieldrin, or heptachlor was applied as a soil insecticide the preceding year. ' To be used only by professional applicators or commercial gardeners. * Only apply insecticide late in the day after pollination is complete. A. Not more than twice per season. B. Not after edible portions or heads begin to form. C. Do not use tops for feed or food. D. If outer leaves are stripped; otherwise, B. E. Do not apply after seedling stage. F. Not more than once per season. G. If tops are to be used as feed. KC^X CABBAGE AND RELATED COLE CROPS' Insect Time of attack Insecticide Lb. of active ingredient per acre Placement Timing of application Cabbage maggot' (NHE-44) All season diazinon Broadcast Disk in just before planting. Use only for cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli. diazinon granules 1 Furrow At time of planting, apply on soil surface behind shoe and ahead of press wheel. diazinon Guthion 4 oz. per 50 gal. transplant water 3 oz. W.P. or 2 oz. E.G. per 50 gal. transplant water 6 fluid oz. transplant water per plant. Aphid (NHE-47) All season Guthion malathion mevinphos parathion 1 H 0.4 Foliage When aphids appear, but before leaves begin to curl. Diamond-back moth larva; imported cabbage worm; cabbage looper (NHE-45) All season Guthion naled parathion with toxaphene Perthane with diazinon or parathion or mevinphos 1 2 1 0.4 Foliage When small worms first appear, and about every 5 to 7 days thereafter. Cutworm At planting trichlorfon 1 Soil At planting, or at base of plant as needed when damage first occurs. Flea beetle and leafhopper All season carbaryl m Foliage As needed. ' Root crops such as radishes, turnips, carrots, potatoes, and sugar beets should not be grown in soil where aldrin, dieldrin, or heptachlor was applied as a soil insecticide the preceding year. ' Maggots are resistant to aldrin and dieldrin in some areas of Illinois. Compound 4072 controls these resistant maggots, but does not as yet have label approval. ASPARAGUS Insect Time of attack Insecticide Lb. of active ingredient per acre Placement Timing of application Asparagus beetle (NHE-49) Early and mid- season on spears and ferns carbaryl m Spears and ferns As needed, not oftener than every 3 days. rotenone 0.2-0.4 Spears As needed. COLLARDS, KALE, LEHUCE, SPINACH, SWISS CHARD Insect Time Lb. of active of attack Insecticide ingredient per acre Placement Timing of application Aphid (NHE-47) All season diazinon H malathion 1 mevinphos H naled 1 parathion 0.4 Foliage As needed. Cutworm On seedling plants toxaphene trichlorfon 13^ Base of plant When first damage appears. 1 and soil Leafhopper All season malathion 1 Foliage When first leafhoppers appear and as needed. Caterpillar All season naled 1 (NHE-45) Perthane 1 with diazinon H or malathion 1 or mevinphos ^ or parathion 0.4 Foliage As needed. Leaf miner All season diazinon parathion 0.4 Foliage When first miners are observed. Flea beetle All season carbaryl rotenone 1 Ya, Foliage As needed. CUCUMBERS AND OTHER VINE CROPS Insect Time Lb. of active of attack Insecticide ingredient per acre Placement Timing of application Striped and spotted cucumber beetles (NHE-46) Seedling to mature plants carbaryl 1 Foliage When beetles first appear; as often as necessary thereafter. Aphid (NHE-47) All season diazinon malathion 1 Meta-systox-R mevinphos parathion Y2 Foliage When aphids become noticeable. Squash bug^ (NHE-51) All season parathion K Foliage Do not apply until first eggs are found hatching (about June 15 to July 15). Leafhopper July-August malathion 1 Foliage As needed. Squash vine borer June- September carbaryl 1 Base of stem and runners for 3 ft. from stem Weekly applications when vines begin to run — usually 5 applications. Pickle worm August- September carbaryl 1 Foliage Weekly applications, beginning in late August. Mites July- September malathion mevinphos parathion 1 Y2 Foliage As needed. ' Trichlorfon, 1 lb. per acre, for squash bug will be recommended if label approval is granted. TOMATOES AND EGGPLANT Insect Time of attack Insecticide Lb. ingredi of active ient per acre Placement Timing of application Cutworm (NHE-77) Early and mid season carbaryl trichlorfon 2 1 Base of plants or foliage As needed. F"lea beetle May-June carbaryl rotenone 2 0.2-0.4 Foliage Apply every week as long as needed. Aphid (NHE-47) May-July diazinon endosulfan malathion parathion 1 0.4 Foliage As needed, but before leaves curl. Corn earworm July- September; occasionally in June carbar>'l toxaphene Foliage Add to weekly applications of fungicide sprays beginning at first fruit set. If spraying is infrequent, use 6 lb. of toxa- phene. Hornworm July- September carbaryl trichlorfon Foliage When first small worms appear. Mites July- carbophenothion 1 September Kelthane ^ malathion 1 parathion 0.4 Foliage As needed. Russet mite July- September parathion sulfur dust* sulfur spray' 0.4 10 10 Foliage As needed. Blister beetle (NHE-72) June- September carbaryl parathion toxaphene IH Foliage As needed. Fruit fly and picnic beetle August- October diazinon spray 3^ diazinon granules 1 Foliage When flies or beetles first appear. pyrethrin dust* Foliage Apply to hamper immediately after it is filled. ' No limitations on use. ONIONS Insect Time Lb. of active of attack Insecticide ingredient per acre Placement Timing of application Onion maggot (NHE-SO) All season diazinon W.P. ethion' W.P. K-1 for 40-50 lb. of seed 1 for 40-50 lb. of seed Seed Seed treatment for set onions only. Use lighter dosage of diazinon on sandy, highly mineral soils. diazinon granules 3^-1 ethion' granules 3/^-2 diazinon diazinon malathion Furrow Use 1 lb. active ingredient per acre for rows 12" apart; ^ lb. for rows 18" apart; Yl lb. for rows 24" apart. Up to twice these amounts are needed for ethion on muck soils. Broadcast Preplanting; disk into upper 1 to 2 inches of soil. Supplement with foliage spray below. 1 Foliage Supplemental to soil treatment. Make first application when first adult flies are seen; make another 1 week later. From then on only as necessary. Thrips (NHE-48) Midseason and diazinon late season parathion Foliage When injury first appears and every 10 days as necessary. ' No restrictions when used as recommended. SWEET CORN Insect Time Lb. of active of attack Insecticide ingredient per acre Placement Timing of application Rootworm (NHE-26) Seed corn maggot (NHE-27) Seed corn beetle (NHE-27) Wireworm (NHE-43) April-August diazinon 1 Row Apply on soil surface behind planter shoe and ahead of press wheel. When first damage appears. Use large quantities of water per acre. As necessary. Cutworm (NHE-38) April-June carbaryl Base of plants Flea beetle (NHE-36) April-July carbaryl IM Foliage Japanese beetle (NHE-32) July- September carbaryl Ear zone As necessary. Corn borer June- September carbaryl spray, dust, or granules diazinon granules IM Foliage Make first application when tassel ratio is 30 to 40. Repeat every 4 to 5 days as long as field has 20 or more unhatched egg masses per 100 plants. Corn earworm' (NHE-33) June- September carbar^'l Ear zone Market corn: At first silk and every 2 to 3 days for 5 to 8 applications. On very early or late planted corn, treatment may be necessary before silking when eggs are being laid on stalks and flag leaves. Canning corn: At 30 to 50% silk and every 3 days thereafter until corn is with- in 1 week of harvest. Sap beetle (NHE-10) July- September carbaryl diazinon malathion parathion Corn leaf aphid (NHE-29) July- September malathion mevinphos parathion Foliage When adults first appear in field; usually between pollen-shedding and silk-drying. ^ M J^ Foliage As needed to produce attractive ears for fresh market. ' Azodrin will be recommended upon label approval. POTATOES' I nsect Time of attack Insecticide Lb. of active ingredient per acre Placement Timing of application Flea beetle May-July carbaryl 1 endosulfan spray \^ endosulfan dust 1 Foliage When first damage appears on leaves, and repeat as needed. Colorado potato May-July beetle carbaryl 1 endosulfan spray 3^ endosulfan dust 1 Foliage As needed. Potiito leafhopper May-July carbaryl 1 (NHE-22) endosulfan spray Yi endosulfan dust 1 Foliage Weekly applications when leafhoppers first appear. phorate^ granules 2 to 3 Soilband Place on either or both sides of row at planting but not in contact with seed. Use lower rate on sandy soils and heavier rate on heavy soils. Do not use on muck soils. Aphid (NHE-47) All season endosulfan spray K endosulfan dust 1 malathion 1 parathion K Foliage As needed. phorate" granules 2 to 3 Soilband As for leafhoppers. Blister beetle (NHE-72) All season carbaryl toxaphene 13^ 2 Foliage As needed. Wireworm (XHE-43) All season phorate^ granules 2 to 3 Soil Preplanting, disk in; or use as soilband at planting. White grub (NHE-23) All season phorate^ granules 3 Soil Preplanting, disk in; or use as soilband at planting. Grasshopper (NHE-74) July- September carbaryl toxaphene M IH Foliage As needed, control in fence rows, road- sides, ditch banks, etc., before migration. ' Potatoes should not be grown in soil where aldrin, dieldrin, or heptachlor ' No restriction when used as recommended. was applied as a soil insecticide the preceding year. Insect Time of attack Insecticide BEANS Lb. of active ingredient per acre Placement Timing of application Seed maggot (NHE-27) All season dieldrin* lindane^ Manufacturer's directions Seed At seeding. phorate^ granules 13^ Soilband Place on either or both sides of row at planting but not in contact with seed. Bean leaf beetle (NHE-67) Early and late season carbaryl malathion Foliage When feeding first appears and weekly for 2 or 3 applications as needed. Leafhopper (NHE-22) and plant bug All season carbaryl malathion Foliage Before plants become yellow and stunted. Repeat applications at weekly intervals as necessary. (.INtiti-OS; phorate' granules IH Soilband As for seed maggot. Mexican bean beetle Midseason and late season carbaryl malathion 1 Foliage When occasional leaves show lacework feeding. phorate^ granules IM Soilband As for seed maggot. Aphid (NHE-47) All season endosulfan malathion Foliage Usually applied when a few aphids can be found on each plant, but before leaves begin to curl and deform. phorate^ granules IM Soilband As for seed maggot. Blister beetle (NHE-72) Midseason and late season carbaryl IH Foliage As needed. Corn earworm (NHE-33) Late season carbaryl IH Foliage As needed, but usually after September 1. Worms may be present before bloom. Mites Midseason and late season carbophenothion Kel thane malathion ^ Foliage As needed, but especially during drouthy 0.4 periods particularly if carbaryl has been 1 used on crops. phorate' granules IH Soilband As for seed maggot. ' No restrictions when used as recommended. FOR YOUR PROTECTION Always handle insecticides with respect. The persons most likely to suffer ill effects from insecti- cides are the applicator and his family. Accidents and careless, needless overexposure can be avoided. Here are a few easy rules that if followed will pre- vent most insecticide accidents: 1. Wear rubber gloves when handling insecticide concentrates. 2. Do not smoke while handling or using insecti- cides. 3. Keep your face turned to one side when opening insecticide containers. 4. Leave unused insecticides in their original con- tainers with the labels on them. 5. Store insecticides out of reach of children, irresponsible persons, or animals; store preferably in a locked cabinet. 6. Wash out and bury or burn empty insecticide containers. 7. Do not put the water-supply hose directly into the spray tank. 8. Do not blow out clogged nozzles or spray lines with your mouth. 9. Wash with soap and water exposed parts of body and clothes contaminated with insecticide. 10. Do not leave puddles of spray on impervious surfaces. 11. Do not apply to fish-bearing or other water supplies. 12. Do not apply insecticides, except in an emer- gency, to areas with abundant wildlife. 13. Do not apply insecticides near dug wells or cisterns. 14. Do not spray when weather conditions favor drift. 15. Observe all precautions listed on the label. ISM— 1-65— 85041 5M— 3-65— 86143