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1 LIBRA*.

1983 Insect Pest Management Guide

LIVESTOCK and LIVESTOCK BARNS

You must be certified as a pesticide applicator to use restricted -use pesticides. See your county Extension adviser in agriculture for information.

Livestock producers must manage insect pests to attain maximum production. Meat, milk, wool, and egg produc- tion can be reduced by flies, lice, mites, ticks, and grubs be- cause these pests irritate animals and some suck their blood. Occasionally, animals have even been killed by attacks of large numbers of pests like horse flies, lice, and mites. Also, several of these pests transmit diseases from animal to animal. As a result, losses from pests each year cost Illinois farmers millions of dollars. A livestock producer, however, does not need to share his profits with insects — these pests can be managed effectively.

A complete insect pest-management program includes the wise selection of cultural, mechanical, biological, and chemical methods for the major insect pests of livestock and livestock barns. Insecticides, however, are still the most efficient means of managing most insect problems, and only the safest, most effective insecticides are sug- gested in this circular for each specific insect on each type of livestock. Other insecticides that may have label ap- proval for use on livestock are not included because they are less effective or more toxic or present potential resi- due problems. Blank spaces in the table of limitations (Table 3) indicate that we do not suggest the insecticide for that specific use in Illinois.

When using insecticides, read the label and follow instructions. Do not exceed the rates suggested, observe the interval between application and slaughter, and apply the insecticide only to those animals for which use has been approved. Keep a record of the insecticide used, trade name, percentage of active ingredients, dilution, rate of application, and dates of application so that if you are ever questioned you will have the records.

Most of the insecticides are suggested for use as emulsion concentrates because these formulations are the easiest to handle. Wettable powders can be substituted if the finished spray is well agitated.

In the tables, the common chemical names are not capitalized. Trade names, however, are capitalized. In Table 3, common names are listed first. If the trade name is more commonly used, it is listed in parentheses after the common name. In Tables 1 and 2, only the common name

is used if there is one. If you need to know the trade name, refer to Table 3.

These suggestions are printed annually, so you should always use the current year's issue. Labels may be can- celled and a product removed from the market at any time, and new labels may be granted. We have attempted to anticipate any further label changes, but there may be an occasional change between issues. None of the insecti- cides listed in this circular has been classified for restricted use by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We will make announcements of any further label changes through the news media to keep you up to date. If you are not sure about the insecticide you plan to use, check with your county Extension adviser.

The Illinois Department of Public Health has an- nounced that it is illegal for dairymen to apply or store chlorinated-hydrocarbon insecticides — aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin, lindane, or heptachlor — on their farms, except for use in farm residences. Previously, use of DDT had already been prohibited except by permit from the Illinois Department of Agriculture or Public Health.

These suggestions were prepared by entomologists of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture and the Illinois Natural History Survey. Although our sugges- tions for the use of insecticides are based on available data, factors such as rainfall and temperature can affect the efficiency of insecticides. Report the details of any control failures to us.

Leaflets describing the life history, biology, and habits of some of the insects mentioned in this circular can be obtained from the offices of county Extension ad- visers or by writing to Entomology Extension, 172 Natu- ral Resources Building, 607 E. Peabody Drive, Cham- paign, IL 61820. These leaflets are indicated by an NHE number in the tables. In addition, the following circulars are available from the Office of Agricultural Publications, 123 Mumford Hall, 1301 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801 : Circular 899, 1983 Insect Pest Management Guide — Field Crops ; Circular 900, 1983 Insect Pest Manage- ment Guide — Home, Yard, and Garden; Circular 925, Insect Pests of Cattle; Circular 1136, Alfalfa Weevil Pest Management Program.

Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. WILLIAM R. OSCHWALD, Director, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The Illinois Cooperative Extension Service provides equal opportunities in programs and employment.

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE

In cooperation with ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY CIRCULAR 898 (revised annually) October 1982

Table 1. DAIRY CATTLE, BEEF CATTLE, SWINE, AND SHEEP (Refer to the table of limitations on the back page before using insecticides)

Insect

Insecticide

Amount per 100

gal. water or as

directed

How to apply

Dairy Cattle

Lice and mange (NHE-18)

fmvan Jcrotoxyphos 10.0% + 2 gal. Uovap idichlorvos 2.5% E.C.

1 gal. per animal. Spray entire animal to saturation. Make 2 treatments 14 days apart.

Pastured

cattle

only

Face flies1

(NHE-106) Horn flies1

(NHE-59) Stable flies4

(NHE-61)

Ciovap 1.25% O.2

Ready to use

1-2 oz. per animal ; 2-4 times per week.3

Ciovap 12.5% E.C.

Horn flies1 Face flies

fenvalerate 8.0% eartags permethrin 10.0% eartags

1 qt. per 1 pt. per animal per week or 1-2 oz. per

3 gal. water animal 2-4 times per week from small

hand sprayer or mist blower.3

Ready to use Place tag on front side of each ear in May.

Horse and deer flies1 (NHE-60)

pyrethrin 0.5% + synergist O.2 Ready to use 2 oz. per animal 3 times per week.3

«.^^(-t,,:„ i o/ j_ o..„„«^:„i. I? r in i 1 i „* : i i j »

pyrethrin 1% + synergist E.C. 10 gal

Horn flies1 crotoxyphos 3.0% D. or 1.0% O. In dust bags

coumaphos 1.0% D. or 1.0% O. or face and

stirofos 1.0% D. or 1.0% O. back oilers dichlorvos 0.25% O.

w ul. p*_i annual xj iiLiica ^iti wcc

1-2 pt. per animal every 3 days.3

Use only in exits of milk parlors, barns, or lanes. Apply daily. Only partially con- trols face and stable flies. Helps suppress lice infestations.

Beef Cattle

Lice and mange (NHE-18)

Ciovap 12.5% E.C.

2 gal.

1 gal. per animal. Spray animal to satura- tion. Make 2 applications 14 days apart.

Lice

chlorpyrifos 43.2% E.C.

Ready to use Apply 2 cc per 100 lb. bodyweight. Maxi-

mum of 16 cc per animal. Apply in spot on top line just behind shoulder.8

fenthion 7.6% E.C.

1 pt. per gal. Apply 1 oz. per 100 lb. body weight. Max- water imum of 8 oz. per animal. Pour on topline from shoulders to hips. Repeat in 14 days.

Pastured

cattle only

Face flies1 Horn flies1 Stable flies4

Ciovap 12.5% E.C.

1 qt. per 1-2 oz. per animal ; 2-4 times per week

3 gal. water from a mist blower.3

1 pt. per adult animal per week.3

Ciovap 1.25% O.2

Ready to use

1-2 oz. per animal; 2-4 times per week.3

Horn flies1 Face flies

fenvalerate 8.0% eartags permethrin 10.0% eartags9

Ready to use

Place tag on front side of each ear in May.

Horse and deer flies1

Use as directed for dairy cattle above.

Swine

Horn flies1 Dust bags Various insecticides are approved for use in face oilers, back oilers, and dust bags.

and oilers: Force treat if possible, but always place in location for greatest use. Only partially

controls stable and face flies. Keep device well charged and in good working order.

Grubs Systemic insecticides like coumaphos, famphur, fenthion, phosmet, and trichlorfon as sprays

or pour-ons provide excellent control of grubs and good control of lice. Use only on native beef cattle in herds having a history of grub problems. Treat only those animals between 4 months and 2y^ years of age. Apply during August or September in the southern half of the state and in September or October in the northern half of the state. Animals in confinement are not attacked by ox warble flies.

1 gal. 2-4 qt. per animal. Spray animal to satura-

tion. Make 2 applications 14 days apart.

Mange and lice malathion 50-57% E.C.

Lice

fenthion 3% O.

Ready to use Apply V$ oz. per 100 lb. body weight. Pour

on topline from neck to rump.

Sheep

Keds, lice, fleece- toxaphene 60% E.C. worms, and scab (NHE-53)

3qt.!

Spray animal to saturation or use in dip- ping vat for scab.6

Keds and lice

diazinon 50% W.P.

1/2 oz. per Apply 1 qt. per animal from sprinkling

3 gal. water can over back, head, and neck.7

Note : E.C. = emulsion concentrate, O. = oil solution, W.P. = wettable powder, D. = dust.

1 Place cattle in barns or sheds to avoid attack by face flies, horn flies, horse flies, and deer flies. Apply treatments when there are fifteen

or more face flies, fifty or more horn flies, or one or more horse flies per animal. 1 Apply from small hand sprayer or automatic sprayer. The same dosage of a water-base spray may be used. " Spray head, back, sides, belly, and legs carefully. Start treatments in May and continue to September. ' Remove decaying straw, hay, manure, and feed from barns and lots and spread to dry each week, or cover manure pile with black plastic

so stable fly breeding will be reduced. Apply treatments when there are four or more stable flies per animal. 5 Add 2 pounds of detergent per 100 gallons of spray for better wetting effects. 'Official scab eradication treatment used by the State Department of Agriculture. Involves two dippings 10-14 days apart. Isolate and treat

incoming animals before introducing them into the flock. ' Stir the diazinon suspension frequently.

' Because of the small amount of material used, care must be taken to apply the proper dose. See Table 3 for precautions. * A state-labeled insecticide. The applicator must have the label in possession when applying.

f\kX

^0,9,3, Table 2. GOATS, HORSES, CHICKENS, LIVESTOCK BARNS, AND SHEDS

CdP-5 (Refer to the table of limitations on the back page before using insecticides)

Insect

Insecticide

Amount per 100

gal. water or as

directed

How to apply

Goats

Pastured

goats

only

' Face flies1 Stable flies

Ciovap 12.5% E.C.

1 qt. per 3 gal, water

Apply 1 pt. per animal per week.

Horse and deer flies1

Use pyrethrin as directed for dairy cattle.

Lice

Ciovap 12.5% E.C.

2 gal.

Apply 2-4 qt. per animal. Repeat in 14 days.

Horses

Pastured

horses

only

Face flies,1 stable flies,2 horse and deer flies1

pyrethrin 1.0% + synergist E.C.

1 pt. per Apply 1-2 oz. as a mist over the entire

1 pt. water animal 2-4 times per week.3

Black flies1

petroleum jelly

Ready to use Apply a thin coating on inside of ears.

Use pyrethrin as suggested above for flies.

Lice

malathion 4.0-5.0% D.

3 tbl. per Apply on back and neck of animals. Re-

animal peat in 14 days.

Chickens

Northern fowl mites, common red mites, bed- bugs, and lice (NHE-54)

carbaryl 80% W.P.

4 oz. per

5 gal, water

coumaphos 25% W.P.

3 oz. per 5 gal. water4

malathion 50-57% E.C.

5 oz. per 5 gal, water4

Ravao |stirofos 23% +

F Idichlorovos 6% E.C.

13 oz. per 5 gal, water

stirofos 50% W.P.

6.5 oz. per 5 gal. water

Spray birds using 1 gal. per 100 birds for fowl mites and lice. Use 125 psi pressure

"when treating for fowl mites. Spray roosts, walls, and around nests for red mites and

"bedbugs. Dust of 5% carbaryl, 0.5% cou- maphos, 4% malathion, or 3% stirofos may

-be used on litter for control of northern fowl mites and lice. Keep wild birds from

.entering or nesting in poultry houses.

Residual

Sprays for Livestock Barns and Sheds'

House flies

(NHE-16,88), stable flies, and other flies

dimethoate 23% E.C.

4 gal.

Start treatments in June and maintain good sanitation. Apply 2 gal. per 1,000 sq. ft. or apply to the point of runoff (drip) to ceilings, walls, and support posts and outside around doors and windows. Lasts about 2-4 weeks.5

fenthion 45% E.C.	3 gal.	Lasts about 2-5 weeks.5 Apply as for di- methoate.
permethrin 5.7% E.C.6	2 gal.	Lasts about 3-7 weeks.5 Apply 1 gal. per
permethrin 10.0% E.C.6	lgal.	750-1000 sq. ft.
permethrin 25% W.P.6	3i/3 to 6y3 lb.

Ravap 29% E.C.

4 gal

stirofos 50% W.P.

16 1b.

Lasts about 2-4 weeks.5 Apply as for di- methoate.

Space Sprays House flies, for Feedlots stable flies, and and Sheds' other flies

dichlorvos 23% E.C.

2 gal

dichlorvos 43% E.C.

lgal-

Apply 5 gal. per acre with mist blower "over animals and pens every 3 to 7 days.

naled 58% E.C.'

5 pts.

Apply as for dichlorvos.

pyrethrin E.C.

Dilute to 0.1% with water

Apply as for dichlorvos.

Baits as Supplements for Livestock Barn and Shed Sprays'

House flies

dichlorvos 23% E.C.

4 oz. per 1 gal. corn sirup + Y2 gal. warm water

Apply to favorite fly-roosting areas from tank sprayer as needed to supplement re- sidual spray treatment.

naled 58% E.C.

1 oz. per 1 gal. corn sirup + V2 gal. warm water

Apply as for dichlorvos.

Note: E.C. = emulsion concentrate, O. = oil solution, W.P. = wettable powder, D = dust.

1 Place horses or goats in barns or sheds to avoid attack by face flies, black flies, horse flies, and deer flies.

' Good sanitation is the basic step in barn fly control (house and stable flies). Remove manure, decaying straw, hay, and feed and spread to dry each week, or cover manure pile with black plastic. Leave an 8-inch residue of manure in the pits or pens if the interval be- tween cleanups is more than 1 week.

' Spraying may upset horses. Avoid getting spray into the animal's eyes.

4 Double the insecticide-to-water ratio for spraying roosts, walls, and around nests.

"Lasting effects are shortened during periods of hot, dry weather.

* A state-labeled insecticide. The applicator must have the lahel in possession when applying.

' Temporary stinging of eyes may occur from mist but is not hazardous. Rinse equipment thoroughly after use to avoid corrosion.

Table 3. LIMITATIONS FOR SUGGESTED INSECTICIDES APPLIED TO LIVESTOCK OR IN LIVESTOCK BARNS (Blank spaces in the table mean that the material is not suggested for that specific use in Illinois)

carbaryl (Sevin)

chlorpyrifos (Dursban)

Qovap

coumaphos (Coral)

crotoxyphos (Ciodrin) .

diazinon

dichlorvos (DDVP)

(Vapona)

dimethoate (Cygon)

famphur (Warbex) .

fenthion (Baytex,

Tiguvon, Lysoff)

f envalerate (Ectrin)

malathion

naled (Dibrom)

permethrin (Ectiban,

Permectrin, Insec-

trin, Overtime, Hard

Hitter, Atroban,

Gardstar, Insectaban) .

phosmet (Prolate)

pyrethrin

Ravap

stirofos (Rabon)

toxaphene

trichlorfon (Neguvon) . .

Dairy

Animals Barns

C.D.F

C,D

QD.F

C.D J,K . . . D,H,V

C.T

C,T

C,D

CJ.K

B.M.U

C,D C,D

Beef

Animals Barns

C,D,S CD.F C,D,E CD.F

CD J,K . . . D,H,V C.D.E.R . . .

C,D,E,L C,D C,T

J,K

C,T B.M.U CD.E.O ... C K

CD CD C,D

CD.E.M '.'.'.

Swine

Animals Barns

M,N CD

J.K D.H.V

J,K

B.M.U

CD CD

Sheep

Animals Barns

CD,I

J,K

D,H,V

J.K

B.M.U

CD CD

Goats

Animals Barns

CD.F.G

J,K

D,H,V

J.K

K C,D CD

Horses

Animals Barns

J.K

D,H,V

J.K

. . . B.M.U

C* K

C,D C,D C,D

Chickens

Birds Barns

A,B A.B

B,H,V

B,P B.P

B.M.U

A. Do not apply within 7 days of slaughter and do not treat nesting material. Do not repeat within 4 weeks.

B. Gather eggs before treatment and do not contaminate feed and water. Do not contaminate feed, water, milk, or milking equipment.

Do not apply in conjunction with the feeding of phenothiazine or organophosphate insecticides. Do not treat : animals less than 6 months old ; sick or stressed animals within 10 days of shipping ; or animals in a confined, nonventi-

lated area.

Do not apply within 1 day of slaughter and do not treat Brahman cattle.

Do not repeat more often than every 7 days. H. When used as a spray, remove animals before treating barn. Do not contaminate feed, water, eggs, milk, or milking equipment. Do not use in milk storage rooms. Do not apply to animals.

Do not apply within 14 days of slaughter. Do not treat lambs less than 2 weeks old.

As a bait. Do not apply within reach of animals or in milk rooms. Do not contaminate feed, water, eggs, milk, or equipment

As a space spray in feedlots, corrals, or pens; may be applied with animals present, but avoid direct application to exposed feed and water. Do not apply in conjunction with the feeding of phenothiazine or the feeding or use as animal or shelter treatments of organo- phosphate or carbamate insecticides.

Do not apply within 45 days of slaughter.

Do not apply within 14 days of slaughter.

Do not use in conjunction with organophosphate or carbamate insecticides.

Do not apply within 21 days of slaughter. Do not repeat treatment within 10 days.

Do not repeat more often than every 14 days. If used on walls for fly control, do not apply to birds.

Do not apply within 28 days of slaughter. R. Do not apply within 35 days of slaughter. S. Do not treat dairy cattle, continental or exotic breed cattle, bulls, cows within 21 days before or 14 days after calving, veal calves, calves under 12 weeks old, animals under 200 pounds, sick or stressed animals, or cattle 10 days before or after shipping, dehorning, castration, vaccination, etc. Do not slaughter animals within 14 days of treatment. A retreatment may be applied in 30 days, but cattle then may not be slaughtered for 21 days after the second treatment. Do not use any drug or chemical that is a cholinesterase inhibitor simultaneously or within 45 days before or after treatment. T. Remove tags before slaughter.

U. Do not treat manure or litter. Do not apply directly to animals. Cover all feed and water supplies. Do not retreat more than once every 2 weeks.

Protective clothing must be worn during application.

L. M.

N. O. P.

FOR YOUR PROTECTION

1. Wear rubber gloves when handling insecticide concen- trates.

2. Do not smoke while handling or using insecticides.

3. Keep your face turned to one side when opening in- secticide containers.

4. Leave unused insecticides in their original containers with the labels on them.

5. Store insecticides out of the reach of children, irre- sponsible persons, or animals; store preferably in a locked cabinet or room, away from food, feed, or water.

6. Triple-rinse, puncture, and bury or burn empty con- tainers, or take them to an approved sanitary landfill.

7. Do not put the water-supply hose directly into the spray tank.

8. Do not blow out clogged nozzles or spray lines with your mouth.

9. Wash with soap and water all exposed parts of the body and clothes contaminated with insecticide.

10. Do not leave puddles of spray on impervious sur- faces.

11. Do not apply to or allow runoff into fish-bearing or other water supplies. Do not allow treated animals in fish- bearing or other water supplies until the spray has dried.

12. Do not apply insecticides, except in an emergency, to areas with abundant wildlife or to blossoming crops visited by bees. Avoid drift onto blossoming crops and onto beehives.

13. Do not apply insecticides near dug wells or cisterns.

14. Do not spray when weather conditions favor drift.

15. Follow all directions and precautions on the label.

10M— 10-82— 55069— TWK