MONTANA

M Natural Heritage
^TY/y^ Pf ogtam

A program of the Natural
Resource Information System,
Montana State Library

Plant Species
of Concern

June 2006

Introduction

The Montana Natural Heritage Program (MTNHP) serves as the
state's clearinghouse and principle information source for Species of
Concern — plants and animals that are at risk or potentially at risk in
Montana. This report, which updates and replaces the 2003 publication,
identifies 358 vascular plant Species of Concern (SOC) and another
133 Potential Species of Concern (PSOC), based on information
gathered from field inventories, publications, reports, herbarium
specimens, and the knowledge of Montana botanists. This report
includes 35 additions to the SOC list compared with the 2003
publication; many of these are globally rare species with a rank of G3/
S3 showing that Montana contains all or a large part of their entire
distribution. Seven species have been removed from the SOC list for
various reasons which are noted below. Taxa in the SOC category
include all species, subspecies or varieties that are currently ranked SI,
SlS2,S2,S2S3,SHorG3.

Potential Species of Concern include taxa currently ranked as S3 in the

state, except for G3 taxa which are included as Species of Concern.

Taxa previously included as Potential Species of Concern with ranks of

SR (reported in Montana) or SU (unrankable due to a lack of

information) are now included under a new review category. However,

species on review are not included in this published report as it is envisioned that they will change frequently as species

are reviewed and either added to the SOC or PSOC categories or dropped from further consideration.

Also included in this report are the status ranks for 118 bryophyte (mosses and liverworts) species and 109 lichen
species currently considered rare or potentially rare in Montana, based on recent work by experts studying these groups;
these lists remain largely unchanged from the 2001 publication, which was the first time non-vascular plants were
included. This publication is available in electronic format on the MTNHP website (http://www.mtnhp.org).

The MTNHP continuously reviews and updates status ranks as new information and insights are generated by field
surveys, research, and submitted observations. Status ranks and information supporting them, are informally reviewed
by botanists and resource specialists, if you wish to comment or contribute information to this process please contact the
MTNHP Botanist. The information that we receive from botanists and others throughout the state is essential in this
process, and contributes to more accurate assessments of species' status. We continue to ask that all observations of
these species be reported to the Heritage Program, with as much detail as possible. A copy of a field survey form
specifying the information that should be submitted is available at the end of this publication and on our website. Review
^ ^

Table of Contents

Physaria brassicoides (Double Bladderpod)
Illustration by: Debbie McNiel

Introduction 1

How to Read the Lists 2

Plant Species of Concern 6

Plant Species of Potential Concern 28

Bryophytes 38

Lichens 41

Map of Montana Counties 46

Plant Species of Concern Field Form 47

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

of species' ranks throughout the year will likely lead to
some changes in species included in this publication or the
status rank of an individual species prior to publication of a
new SOC report. These changes made between
publications are reflected in our on-line field guides, species
search function, and through data requests.

Information concerning vascular plant species contained on
the SOC, PSOC or Review lists may be viewed on the
MTNHP's on-line Rare Plant Field Guide. The Field
Guide provides information for vascular plants, including
species' characteristics, identification, habitat, distribution,
state rank reasons and references, as well as technical
illustrations and photographs of the plants and their habitats.
For each species, a link to the NatureServe website (http://
www.natureserve.org/) provides access to information on
the status of the species throughout North America,
assembled from state and provincial Natural Heritage
databases. Information in the Rare Plant Field Guide is
continuously updated and expanded, so please check it
often for current species' information. If you have
questions concerning the field guide or find errors or
omissions please contact the MTNHP.

Distributional data and status lists can be queried on-line by
county; township, range and section; watersheds;
taxonomic group or one of several rank/status criteria.
More detailed information or additional assistance can be
requested from MTNHP using the Information Request
function on our website, or by phone, e-mail or mail.

Additions to the Species of Concern List

(since the 2003 publication)
Botrychium montanum
Brickellia oblongifolia
Calamagrostis tweedyi
Camissonia subacaulis
Cardamine rupicola
Castilleja crista-galli
Castilleja gracillima
Collomia debilis var. camporum
Delphinium bicolor ssp. calcicola
Draba crassa
Draba daviesiae
Erigeron allocatus
Erigeron flabellifolius
Erigeron parryi
Erigeron radicatus
Eriogonum brevicaule var. canum
Eriogonum capistratum var. muhlickii
Eriogonum soliceps
Ipomoea leptophylla
Lesquerella klausii
Listera borealis

© 2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Oxytropis lagopus var. conjugens

Pedicularis contorta var. ctenophora

Pedicularis contorta var. rubicunda

Pedicularis crenulata

Penstemon caryi

Penstemon flavescens

Physaria saximontana var. dentata

Polygonum polygaloides ssp. confertiflorum

Psoralea hypogaea

Senecio eremophilus

Sphaeromeria capitata

Syntheris canbyi

Townsendia nuttallii

Townsendia spathulata

Deletions from the Species of Concern List

(since the 2003 publication)
Carex heteroneura var. chalciolepis - Reports of this

species from Montana require additional review.
Carex norvegica ssp. inserrulata - Uncertain taxonomic

status.
Carex pallescens — Occurrences of this species in

Montana are likely introduced.
Cypripedium parviflorum — Moved to PSOC list due in

part to the number of known extant occurrences, level of

threat to the species and the relatively wide distribution in

the state.
Ribes cognatum — Reports from Montana are likely based

on mis-identifications.
Senecio pauciflorus - The status of this species in

Montana requires additional review.
Trifolium cyathiferum — The status of this species in

Montana requires additional review. At least two of

three documented locations in Montana are likely

adventive.

How to Read the Lists

Species that have been added to the SOC or PSOC lists
are highlighted (bolded). When only the state rank has
changed, that rank is bolded. Changes in global ranks are
not highlighted. Also provided are federal designations
under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and administrative
designations assigned by the U.S. Forest Service or Bureau
of Land Management.

The lists are organized alphabetically by scientific name
(Genus, specific and subspecific epithets) within the
major groups of Ferns and Fern Allies, Dicots and
Monocots. Family names are included for each species. A
common name is also provided for each species on the
SOC and PSOC lists. Nomenclature for vascular plants
generally follows Vascular Plants of Montana (Dorn
1984) since these are the scientific names that generally
will be most familiar to users of the report. Synonyms are

included for taxa where NatureServe Explorer (2006), The
PLANTS database (2006), Flora of North America
(1993-) or Flora of the Pacific Northwest (Hitchcock and
Cronquist 1973) uses a different name. In cases where an
infraspecific taxon is included as an SOC or PSOC, the
name can generally be found in one of the previously
mentioned references other than Vascular Plants of
Montana. In other cases, use of a name differing from
that used in Vascular Plants of Montana made sense; in
these cases the name used in that publication will be listed
as a synonym.

Heritage Program Ranks

The international network of Natural Heritage Programs
employs a standardized ranking system to denote global
(range-wide) and state status (NatureServe 2006).
Species are assigned numeric ranks ranging from 1 (highest
risk, greatest concern) to 5 (demonstrably secure),
reflecting the relative degree of risk to the species' viability,
based upon available information.

A number of factors are considered in assigning ranks —
the number, size and quality of known occurrences or
populations, distribution, trends (if known), intrinsic
vulnerability, habitat specificity, and definable threats. The
process of assigning state ranks for each taxon relies
heavily on the number of occurrences and Element
Occurrence (EO) ranks, which is a ranking system of the
quality (usually A through D) of each known occurrence
based on factors such as size (# of individuals) and habitat
quality. The remaining factors noted above are also
incorporated into the ranking process when they are
known. The "State Rank Reason" field in the Rare Plant
Field Guide provides additional information on the reasons
for a particular species' rank. The ranking process being
used by MTNHP for plant species relies heavily on the
methodology presented by Regan, Master and Hammerson
(2004), though it does not strictly follow the approach
outlined therein.

Rank definitions given below reflect some changes in
terminology from that used by NatureServe. However, the
meaning and criteria for ranks remain unchanged, to
maintain consistency with international standards.

Rank Definition

G 1 S 1 At high risk because of extremely limited and/
or rapidly declining population numbers, range
and/or habitat, making it highly vulnerable to
global extinction or extirpation in the state.

G2 S2 At risk because of very limited and/or

potentially declining population numbers, range

and/or habitat, making it vulnerable to global
extinction or extirpation in the state.

G3 S3 Potentially at risk because of limited and/or
declining numbers, range and/or habitat, even
though it may be abundant in some areas.

G4 S4 Apparently secure, though it may be quite rare
in parts of its range, and/or suspected to be
declining.

G5 S5 Demonstrably secure, though it may be quite
rare in parts of its range.

GH SH Historical, known only from records usually
40 or more years old; may be rediscovered.

Combination Ranks

G#G# or S#S#

Indicates a range of uncertainty about the
status of the species.

Rank of a subspecies or variety; appended to
the global rank of the full species, e.g. G4T3.

Sub-rank

T#

Qualifiers

Q Distinctiveness of the taxon is questionable;

appended to the global rank, e.g. G3Q.

? Denotes uncertainty; inexactness.

Federal Status

Designations in this column reflect the status of a species
under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA), or as
"sensitive" by the U.S. Forest Service (USES) or the
Bureau of Land Management (BLM).

U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
(Endangered Species Act)

Status, if any of a taxon under the federal Endangered
Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C.A. § 1531-1543 (Supp.
1996)) is noted. Regulatory aspects of the Endangered
Species Act affect plants only when they occur on federal
lands or may be affected by federal actions. Currently,
four plants in Montana have designations under the U.S.
Endangered Species Act.

Designation Description

Threatened Listed as Threatened under the ESA

Candidate Candidate for Listing under the ESA

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT

The Special Status Species Policy 6840 gives the State
Director the responsibility of designating Bureau of Land
Management (BLM) sensitive species. The sensitive
species designation is used to provide conservation actions
for species to preclude the need for listing under the ESA
and to improve the status of species to the point where
special status recognition is no longer warranted. Sensitive
species are afforded the same protection as that provided
for federal candidate species.

Designation Description

BLM Denotes species listed as sensitive on

BLM lands.

U.S. FOREST SERVICE

The U.S. Forest Service Manual (2670.22) defines the
status of sensitive species on Forest Service lands. The
Regional Forester (Northern Region, Region 1) designates
sensitive species on National Forests in Montana; these
designations were last updated in 2004 and they apply only
on USFS-administered lands.

Designation Description

USFS Denotes species listed as sensitive on

National Forest lands.

Note: The U.S. Forest Service is implementing new
planning regulations, which will lead to changes in the
identification of "special status" species on National Forest
lands. Sensitive species will continue to be designated for
Region 1 under existing agency policy, but in addition many
of the newly revised Forest Plans may also identify
"Species of Concern" (taxa ranked G1-G3, T1-T3) and
"Species of Interest" (state rare taxa ranked S1-S2).
During this transition period, the designation in the Federal
Status column refers to the status under the existing
sensitive species policy.

Threat Level

New to this SOC report is a column that denotes the level
of threat in the state. Information on actual and/or potential
threats, such as those posed by invasive weeds,
development, livestock grazing, resource extraction,
recreational use, hydrologic alterations, etc. were collected
in part from survey forms completed by professional and
amateur botanists, ecologists and natural resource
professionals. Potential impacts to species as a result of
ambiguous threats such as global warming were not
included in the assessment. 121 taxa were assigned a
threat level during this initial analysis, including those with
an inexact assignment such as "Moderate?" or "Low-
Moderate."

Level

High

Moderate

Low

Very Low

NA

**

Definition

Generally defined as a significant likelihood
of impacts, activities or events that will
result in a severe (>60%) reduction in
population numbers or habitat for the
species in Montana. The threat or threats
exist in part or all of the species' range or
are thought to be imminent. A combination
of less severe threats may combine to raise
the overall threat level to high.

Generally defined as a significant likelihood
of impacts, activities or events that will
result in, or have the potential to result in, a
major (20-60%) reduction in population
numbers or habitat for the species in
Montana. The threat or threats may exist
in part or all of the species' range or may
be expected to occur in the near future
(usually 1-5 years). Several low level
threats may combine to raise the overall
threat level to moderate.

Generally defined as a significant likelihood
of impacts, activities or events that will
result in a small, though significant (5-20%)
reduction in population numbers or habitat
for the species in Montana. The threat or
threats may exist in part or all of the
species' range or be expected to occur in
the future (usually 5-20 years).

No significant likelihood of impacts,
activities or events that will result in a
reduction in population numbers or habitat
for the species in Montana.

Not Assessed.

Used for species ranked SH.

County Distribution

This column lists the county distribution (using the first four
letters of the county name), including extant and historical
occurrences that are known for the species in Montana.
For most SOC, the number of known occurrences (in
parentheses) in that county follows the county name.
Occurrences that cross county boundaries are counted for
each county. Many older occurrence records and
specimen collections are only known from vague location
information and the area mapped as the potential area of
observation may be quite large, leading to more than one
county being counted.

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Note: Element Occurrences do not always correspond to a
biological population (i.e. a population may be tracked as
more than one occurrence by MTNHP) due to issues
associated with data management and mapping. Thus, the
number of occurrences should not be used as the sole
indicator of abundance.

Montana Endemic

Taxa believed to be endemic (i.e. not occurring elsewhere)
to the state of Montana are noted here. Currently, 19 taxa
(all dicots) on the SOC list are thought to be endemic to the
state.

Notes

Additional information for each SOC is included here, most
notably:

1. Species not found in Dorn (1984) are noted as such.

2. Taxa that are included in, or that would "key out" in
Vascular Plants of Montana under an expanded
concept and/or a different name are noted.

3. For taxa tracked at an infraspecific level, it is noted how
many named subspecies or varieties there are total for
that species and how many of them are known to occur
in Montana.

Acknowledgements

We would like to gratefully acknowledge the many people
who contributed information on plant species' occurrences
and distribution throughout Montana over the years - those
contributions are the building blocks of the MTNHP
databases and this publication. We encourage you to
continue submitting data on Species of Concern so that
status ranks and this publication are as accurate and
comprehensive as possible.

Selected References

Dorn, R.D. 1984. Vascular Plants of Montana. Mountain
West Publishing, Cheyenne, WY. 276 pp.

Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+.
Flora of North America North of Mexico. 8+ vols. New
York and Oxford. On-line at http://hua.huh.harvard.edu/

FNA/.

Hitchcock, C.L and A. Cronquist. 1973. Flora of the
Pacific Northwest. Univ of Washington Press, Seattle,
WA.

Lavin, M. and C. Seibert. 2005. Grasses of Montana.
MSU Herbarium, Dept of Plant Sciences and Plant
Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT. 65
pp.

Lesica, P., G. Moore, K.M. Peterson, and J.H. Rumely.
1984. Vascular plants of limited distribution in Montana.
Montana Academy of Science Monograph No. 2.

Lesica, P. and J.S. Shelly. 1991. Sensitive, threatened and
endangered vascular plants of Montana. Montana Natural
Heritage Program, Montana State Library, Helena,
Montana.

MTNHP. 2003. Montana plant species of concern.
Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, Montana. 34
pp.

NatureServe. 2006. NatureServe Explorer: An on-line
encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 4.7.
Arlington, Virginia. Available: http://www.natureserve.org/
explorer.

Regan, T.J., L.L. Master and G A. Hammerson. 2004.
Capturing expert knowledge for threatened species
assessments: a case study using NatureServe conservation
status ranks. Acta Oecologia 26: 95-107.

Rollins, R.C. 1993. The Cruciferae of continental North
America: systematics of the mustard family from the
Arctic to Panama. Stanford University Press, Stanford,
California. 976 pp.

USDA, NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database, Version
3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). Data compiled by various
sources by Mark W. Skinner. National Plant Data Center,
Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.

Contact Info:

For questions or comments specific to this publication or for
specific plant related questions, please contact:

Scott Mincemoyer

Program Botanist

smincemoyer@mt.gov

(406)444-2817

For general questions and botany-related data requests
please use the Information Request function on our website
(www.mtnhp.org) or the general MTNHP contact info
below.

MTNHP

PO. Box 201800

1515 E. 6* Ave

Helena, MT 59620-1800

(406) 444-5354 Fax (406) 444-0581

e-mail address: mtnhp@mt.gov

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Ferns and Fern Allies (Pteridophyta)

Asplenium trichomanes

Maidenhair Spleenwort

Polypodiaceae

G5/SH

*H!

Flat (1)

Botrychium ascendens

Upward-lobed Moonwort

Ophioglossaceae

G2G3/S1S2

USFS

Low-Mod

Flat(5), Glac(4), Lake(l),
Lewi (1), Line (10)

Not in Dom

Botrychium campestre
Prairie Dunewort

Ophioglossaceae

G3G4/S1

Low-Mod

Flat (2)

Not in Dorn

Botrychium crenulatum
Wavy Moonwort

Ophioglossaceae

G3/S2S3

USFS

Low-Mod

Flat (11), Gran (1), Lake (5),
Line (27), Miss (2), Sand (1)

Botrychium hesperium
{B. matricariifolium var. hesperium)
Western Moonwort

Ophioglossaceae

G3G4/S2

USFS

Low-Mod

Deer(l), Flat(10),Glac(4),
Line (3)

Botrychium lineare

Linearleaf Moonwort

Ophioglossaceae

Gl/Sl

Candidate

Low-Mod

Glac(4),Lake(l),Linc(l)

Not in Dom

Botrychium montanum

Mountain Moonwort

Ophioglossaceae

G3/S3

Low?

Flat (8), Lake (8), Line (37),
Miss (1), Sand (1)

Botrychium pallidum
Pale Moonwort

Ophioglossaceae

G3/S1

NA

Flat (2), Line (1)

Not in Dom

Botrychium paradoxum
Peculiar Moonwort

Ophioglossaceae

G2/S2

USFS

Low-Mod

Deer (2), Flat (4), Glac (3),
Gran (4), Jeff (2), Line (8),
Pond (1), Powe (1), Teto (1)

Botrychium pedunculosum
Stalked Moonwort

Ophioglossaceae

G2G3/S1

USFS

Low

Flat(2), Linc(8), Sand(l)

Not in Dom

Botrychium spathulatum
Spoon-leaf Moonwort

Ophioglossaceae

G3/S1

NA

Lake(l)

Not in Dom

Cystopteris montana

Mountain Bladder Fern

Polypodiaceae

G5/SH

**

Flat (1), Glac (1)

Dryopteris cristata
Buckler Fern

Polypodiaceae

G5/S2

USFS

Low?

Flat (14), Lake (5), Line (1),
Miss (4), Rava (2)

Lycopodium dendroideum
(L. obscurum var. dendroideum)
Treelike Clubmoss

Lycopodiaceae

G5/S1

USFS

NA

Flat (2), Glac (1), Line (1)

Lycopodium inundatum
{Lycopodiella inundata)

Northern Bog Clubmoss

Lycopodiaceae

G5/S1

USFS

NA

Flat (1), Miss (1)

Lycopodium lagopus
(L. clavatum in part)
Running Pine

Lycopodiaceae

G5/S1

USFS

NA

Flat (1), Glac (1), Line (1)

Not in Dom

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Ophioglossum pusillum
(O. vulgatum)

Adder's Tongue

Ophioglossaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Low

Plat (10), Lake (11), Line (2)
Miss (5)

O. vulgatum in Dorn

Polystichum kruckebergii

Kruckeberg's Sword-fern

Polypodiaceae

G4/S1

Low

Deer (1), Flat (1), Gall (1),
Gran(l), Lake (1), Miss (1)

Polystichum scopulinum
Mountain Holly-fern

Polypodiaceae

G5/S1

NA

Rava(l), Sand(l)

Selaginella selaginoides
Low Spike-moss

SelagineUaceae

G5/S2

NA

Beav (2), Deer (3), Gran (3),
Madi (1)

Thelypteris phegopteris
(Phegopteris connectilis)
Northern Beechfem

Polypodiaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Low

Plat (l),Glac(l), Line (12),
Sand (4)

Flowering Plants - Dicots (Magnoliopsida)

Adoxa moschatellina
Musk-root

Adoxaceae

G5/S2

BLM/USPS

Low

Carb (2), Gran (2), Jeff (3),
Madi (1), Park (l),Stil(l)

Agastache cusickii

Cusick's Horse-mint

Lamiaceae

G3G4/S1

BLM/USPS

Moderate

Beav (5)

Not in Dorn

Alnus rubra
Red Alder

Betulaceae

G5/S1

NA

Line (1), Sand (4)

Not in Dorn

Ammannia robusta
{A. coccinea ssp. robusta)
Scarlet Ammannia

Lythraceae

G5/SH

**

Garf(l), Phil(l),
Unknown (1)

Amorpha canescens
Lead Plant

Fabaceae

G5/SH

BLM

**

Cart (1), Rose (2)

Antennaria densifolia

Dense-leaved Antennaria

Asteraceae

G3/S1

USPS

Low

Deer (1), Gran (1)

Not in Dorn

Aquilegia brevistyla

Short-styled Columbine

Ranunculaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Low?

Judi(12), Swee(l)

Aquilegia formosa
Sitka Columbine

Ranunculaceae

G5/S1S2

BLM

Low?

Beav (7), Madi (1)

Arabis demissa

Daggett Rockcress

Brassicaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Carb (5)

Not in Dorn

Arabis fecunda

Sapphire Rockcress

Brassicaceae

G2/S2

BLM/USPS

Moderate

Beav(7),Rava(5),Silv(10)

X

Not in Dorn

Arabis kamchatica
(A. lyrata var. kamchatica)
Kamchatica Rockcress

Brassicaceae

G5/SH

**

Plat(l)

Not in Dorn

Arctostaphylos patula

Green-leaf Manzanita

Ericaceae

G4/S1

High?

Lake (2), Sand (1)

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Asdepias incamata

Swamp Milkweed

Asclepiadaceae

G5/S1

NA

Carb(2),Fall(l)

Asdepias ovalifolia

Ovalleaf Milkweed

Asclepiadaceae

G57/S1

USPS

NA

Cart(l), Sher(l)

Not in Dorn

Asdepias stenophylla

Narrowleaf Milkweed

Asclepiadaceae

G4G5/S1

BLM

NA

Cart (5), Rose (1)

Aster frondosus

{Symphotrichumfrondosum, Brachyactis frondosa)
Alkali Aster

Asteraceae

G4/SH

**

Sand(l)

Aster ptarmic aides

{Solidago ptannicoides, Oligoneuron album)
Prairie Aster

Asteraceae

G5/S1

NA

Cart (1), Rich (1)

Astragalus aretioides
(A. serioleucus var. aretioides)
Sweetwater Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G4/S1

BLM

NA

Bigh(l),Carb(5)

A. serioleucus in part in Dom

Astragalus barrii

Barr's Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G3/S3

BLM/USFS

Low-Mod

Bigh(3),Cart(l),
Powd (22), Rose (17)

Astragalus ceramicus var. apus
Painted Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G4T3/S1

BLM

Moderate

Beav(l)

3 named varieties, 2 known to
occur in MT

Astragalus convallarius
(A. diversifolius)

Lesser Rushy Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G5/S2

BLM

Moderate

Beav(2), Broa(2),Jeff(2),
Lewi (10)

Astragalus geyeri

Geyer's Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G4/S2

BLM

NA

Carb(7),Garf(l)

Astragalus grayi

Gray's Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G47/S1S2

BLM

NA

Carb (8)

Astragalus lackschewitzii

Lackschewitz' Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G2/S2

USPS

Low

Teto (8)

X

Not in Dorn

Astragalus oreganus

Wind River Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G47/S1

BLM

NA

Carb (5)

Astragalus racemosus
Raceme Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G5/S2

NA

Cart (7), Pall (1)

Astragalus scaphoides
Bitterroot Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G3/S2

BLM/USFS

NA

Beav (20)

Astragalus terminalis
Railhead Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G3/S2

BLM

NA

Beav (7), Madi (3)

Athysanus pusillus
Sand weed

Brassicaceae

G4/S1

USPS

Moderate

Rava (8)

Atriplex truncata

Wedge-leaved Saltbush

Chenopodiaceae

G5/S1

NA

Beav (2), Deer (1), Jeff (1),
Lake (1), Lewi (1), Park (1)

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/state
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Bacopa rotundifolia

Roundleaf Water-hyssop

Scrophulariaceae

G5/S1

NA

Casc(l), Ferg(l),Garf(l),
Phil(l)

Balsamorhiza hookeri

Hooker's Balsam-root

Asteraceae

G5/S1

NA

Beav(l)

Not in Dorn

Balsamorhiza macrophylla
Large-leaved Balsam-root

Asteraceae

G3G5/S2

BLM/USFS

Low

Beav(3),Gall(3), Madi(l)

Bidens beckii
(Megalodonta beckii)

Beck Water-marigold

Asteraceae

G4G5/S2

BLM/USFS

Moderate

Flat (5), Lake (1), Line (1),
Miss (4)

Boisduvalia densiflora
(Epilobiuin densiflomm)
Dense Spike-primrose

Onagraceae

G5/SH

**

Sand(l)

Brasenia schreberi
Watershield

Nymphaeaceae

G5/S1S2

USFS

Low-Mod

Flat (2), Lake (1), Line (3),
Miss (2)

Braya humilis
Low Braya

Brassicaceae

G5/S1

BLM

Low

Beav (2)

Not in Dorn

Brickellia oblongifolia

Mohave Brickellbush

Asteraceae

G5/S1

Low

Park(l),Silv(3)

Camissonia andina
{Oenothera andina)

Obscure Evening-primrose

Onagraceae

G4/S1

BLM

NA

Carb (6), Miss (1)

Camissonia parvula
Small Camissonia

Onagraceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Carb (2)

Not in Dorn

Camissonia suhacaulis
(Oenothera suhacaulis)

Long-leaf Suncup

Onagraceae

G5/S2S3

NA

GalL Jeff, Madi, Powe, Silv

Cardamine oligosperma var. kamtschatica
Few-seeded Bittercress

Brassicaceae

G5T3T5/S1

NA

Flat(l), Rava(l)

2 named varieties, both occur in
MT

Cardamine rupicola

Cliff Toothwort

Brassicaceae

G3/S3

Very Low

Flat (1), Lake (3), Lewis (5),
Miss (9), Powe (I)

X

Castilleja cervina

Deer Indian Paintbrush

Scrophulariaceae

G4/SH

**

Flat(l), Miss (1), Powe (1)

Castilleja covilleana

Coville Indian Paintbrush

Scrophulariaceae

G3G4/S2

USFS

Low-Mod

Rava (23)

Castilleja crista-galli

Mountainside Indian Paintbrush

Scrophulariaceae

G47/S1

NA

Beav (1), Madi (1)

Castilleja exilis

(C. minor ssp. minor)

Annual Indian Paintbrush

Scrophulariaceae

G5/S2

NA

Broa(2), Deer(2),Gall(l),
Jeff (1), Madi (8), Park (1)

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name

Global/State

Federal

Threat

Montana

Common Name

Family Name

Rank

Status

Level

County Distribution

Endemic

Notes

Castilleja gracillinia

Scrophulariaceae

G3G4Q/S2

NA

Gall(9), Madi(2), Park(l)

(C. miniata ssp. miniata)

Slender Indian Paintbrush

Ceanothus herbaceus

Rhamnaceae

G5/SH

^J*

Powd (1)

New Jersey Tea

Celastms scandens

Celastraceae

G5/S1

NA

Daws (1)

Bittersweet

Centaurium exaltatum

Gentianaceae

G5/SH

**

Bigh(l)

Western Centuary

Centunculus minimus

Primulaceae

G5/S2

BLM

NA

Casc(l), Lake (1), Miss (1),

(Anagallis minima)

Phil(l),Rava(5), Sher(3),

Cliaffweed

Vall(l)

Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber

Rosaceae

G5T3T5/S1S2

NA

Trea (2)

7 named varieties, 2 known to

Birciileaf Mountain-mahogany

occur in MT

Chenopodium subglabnim

Chenopodiaceae

G3G4/S 1

NA

Cart (1), Case (1), Cust (1),

Smooth Goosefoot

Powd(l), Sher(l)

Chrysothamnus parryi ssp. montanus

Asteraceae

G5T1/S1

NA

Beav(l)

Not in Dorn. Only variety

(Ericameria parryi var. montana)

known to occur in MT

Parry's Mountain Rabbitbrush

Cirsium brevistylum

Asteraceae

G4/S1S2

NA

Flat (1), Mine (3), Sand (8)

Short-styled Thistle

Cirsium longistylum

Asteraceae

G3/S3

BLM

Moderate

Broa(lO), Casc(ll),

X

Long-styled Thistle

Ferg(l),Judi(ll),Lewi(3),
Meag (30), Whea (3)

Clarkia rhomboidea

Onagraceae

G5/S2

USFS

NA

Line (2), Sand (14)

Common Clarkia

Claytonia arenicola

Portulacaceae

G4/S1

USPS

NA

Sand(l)

Not in Dorn

Sand Springbeauty

Cleome lutea

Capparaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Carb (6)

Yellow Bee Plant

Collomia debilis var. camporum

Polemoniaceae

G5T2/S2

NA

NA

3 named varieties, all occur

Flexible Alpine Collomia

inMT

Collomia tinctoria

Polemoniaceae

G5/S1

NA

Lake(l),Rava(l)

Yellow-staining Collomia

Corydalis sempervirens

Fumariaceae

G4G5/S2

USFS

Low-Mod

Flat(13), Glac(2),Linc(l),

Pale Corydalis

Powe (1)

Cryptanthafendleri

Boraginaceae

G4/S2

BLM

Low

Beav(l), Sher(2)

Fendler Cat's-eye

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

10

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name

Global/State

Federal

Threat

Montana

Common Name

Family Name

Rank

Status

Level

County Distribution

Endemic

Notes

Cryptantha humilis

Boraginaceae

G47/SH

;I:;i;

Beav(2), Park(lj

Round-headed Cryptantha

Cryptantha scoparia

Boraginaceae

G47/S1

BLM

NA

Carb(l)

Not in Dom

Miner's Candle

Dalea enneandra

Fabaceae

G5/S1

NA

Cust(2),Pall(l),Rich(l)

Nine-anther Dalea

Dalea villosa

Fabaceae

G5/S1

NA

Cart(2), Rich(l), Sher(l)

Silky Prairie Clover

Delphinium bicolor ssp. calcicola

Ranunculaceae

G4G5T3/S3

NA

Broa(2),Jeff(3)

X

2 named subspecies, both occur

Limestone Larkspur

inMT

Downingia laeta

Campanulaceae

G5/S1

NA

Beav(l), Lewi(2), Teto(3)

Great Basin Downingia

Draba crassa

Brassicaceae

G3/S3

NA

NA

Thick-leaf Whitlow-grass

Draba daviesiae

Brassicaceae

G3/S3

NA

NA

X

Not in Dorn. D. apiculata in

(D. apiculata var. daviesiae)

part in Dorn

Bitterroot Draba

Draba densifolia

Brassicaceae

G5/S2

Low-Mod

Beav(l), Plat(l),Glac(4),

Dense-leaf Draba

Jeff(4), Lewi(3), Park(l),
Pond (1), Powe (2), Silv (1),
Swee(l)

Draba fladnizensis

Brassicaceae

G4/S1

NA

Deer(l),Madi(l), Stil(l)

White Arctic Draba

Draba globosa

Brassicaceae

G3/S1

BLM

NA

Beav (1), Madi (3)

Not in Dorn

Round-fruited Draba

Draba macounii

Brassicaceae

G3G4/S1

NA

Plat (2), Glac (4)

Not in Dom

Macoun's Draba

Draba porsildii

Brassicaceae

G3G4/S1

NA

Carb(4), Madi(l)

Porslid's Draba

Draba ventosa

Brassicaceae

G3/S1

BLM

NA

Beav (1), Madi (3)

Wind River Draba

Drosera anglica

Droseraceae

G5/S2S3

USPS

Low

Plat (9), Lake (3), Lewi (2),

English Sundew

Line (4), Madi (1), Miss (4),
Park (1), Powe (l),Rava(l)
Sand(l)

Drosera linearis

Droseraceae

G4/S1

USPS

Low

Plat(l), Lewi(2), Powe(l)

Not in Dorn

Linear-leaved Sundew

Dryas integrifolia

Rosaceae

G5/S1

Low

Perg(2),Gold(l)

Entire-leaved Avens

1

11

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Erigeron allocotus

Big Horn Fleabane

Asteraceae

G3/S3

NA

NA

Erigeron aspemgineus
Idaho Fleabane

Asteraceae

G4/S1

BLM/USFS

NA

Beav(5),Madi(l), Rava(2)

Erigeron eatonii
Eaton's Daisy

Asteraceae

G5/S1

NA

Lake(l),Swee(l)

Erigeron evermannii
Everman Fleabane

Asteraceae

G4/S1

USPS

NA

Rava (2)

Erigeron flab ellif alius

Fan-leaved Fleabane

Asteraceae

G3/S3

NA

NA

Erigeron forniosissimus
Beautiful Fleabane

Asteraceae

G5/S1

NA

Beav(l),Carb(l),Deer(l),
Madi(l), Park (1), Rava (1)

Erigeron lackschewitzii
(E. ochroleucus in part)

Lackschewitz' Fleabane

Asteraceae

G3/S2

USPS

NA

Flat (5), Glac (1), Lewi (4),
Pond (2), Teto (8)

Would key to E. ochroleucus in
Dorn

Erigeron leiomerus
Smooth Fleabane

Asteraceae

G4/S1

NA

Beav (1), Madi (1)

Not in Dorn

Erigeron linearis

Linear-leaf Fleabane

Asteraceae

G5/S1

BLM

Low-Mod

Beav(2), Lewi(2),Park(l),
Rava(l),Silv(l)

Erigeron parryi

Parry's Fleabane

Asteraceae

G2/S2

BLM

NA

Beav (4), Jeff (2), Madi (4)

X

Would key to E. ochroleucus in
Dorn

Erigeron radicatus

Taprooted Fleabane

Asteraceae

G3/S3

NA

NA

Erigeron tener

Slender Fleabane

Asteraceae

G4/S1

NA

Beav(l)

Eriogonum brevicaule var. canum

(E. lagopus, E. paucifloruni var. canum)

Rabbit Buckwheat

Polygonaceae

G3T3/S3

NA

NA

Not in Dorn

Eriogonum caespitosum
Mat Buckwheat

Polygonaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Beav (5)

Eriogonum capistratum van muhlickii

Muhlick's Buckwheat

Polygonaceae

G4T3/S3

NA

NA

X

Not in Dorn. 3 named varieties,
this is the only var. in MT

Eriogonum salsuginosum
(Stenogonum salsuginosum)
Smooth Buckwheat

Polygonaceae

G47/S1

BLM

NA

Carb (2)

Not in Dorn

Eriogonum soliceps

Railroad Canyon Buckwheat

Polygonaceae

G2/S2

BLM

NA

Beav (10), Deer (1)

Not in Dorn

Eriogonum visheri

Visher's Buckwheat

Polygonaceae

G3/S1

BLM

Very Low

Cart (1)

Not in Dorn

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

12

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/state
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Eupatorium maculatum
(Eupatoriadelphus maculatus)
Spotted Joepye-weed

Asteraceae

G5/S1S2

NA

Bigh(5),Carb(l),Yell(l)

Eupatorium occidentale
{Ageratina occidentalis)
Western Joepye-weed

Asteraceae

G4/S2

BLM/USFS

Low

Beav (1), Mine (1), Rava (8)

Euphrasia subarctica
(E. disjuncta, E. arctica var. disjuncta)
Arctic Eyebright

Scrophulariaceae

G5/S1

Low

Glac (3)

Eustoma grandiflorum

(E. russellianum, E. exaltatum ssp. russellianum)
Showy Prairie-gentian

Gentianaceae

G5/S1

High?

McCo (1)

Not in Dom

Gentiana glauca

Glaucous Gentian

Gentianaceae

G4G5/S1

NA

Plat(l)

Gentianopsis macounii
(Gentianella crinita)
Macoun's Gentian

Gentianaceae

G5/S1

USPS

NA

Glac (2), Teto (2)

Gentianella crinita in Dom

Gentianopsis simplex
{Gentiana simplex, Gentianella simplex)
Hiker's Gentian

Gentianaceae

G5/S1

USPS

NA

Beav(4), Garb (1), Miss (1)

Not in Dorn

Githopsis specularioides
(G calycina)

Common Blue-cup

Campanulaceae

G5/S1

NA

Sand(l)

Not in Dorn

Glossopetalon spinescens
(G nevadense)

Spiny Greenbush

Celastraceae

G5/S1

USPS

Moderate

Rava(l)

Not in Dom

Gratiola ebracteata

Bractless Hedge-hyssop

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S1

NA

Plat(l), Glac(4), Teto(l)

Grayia spinosa

Spiny Hopsage

Chenopodiaceae

G5/S2

BLM

NA

Garb (10), Park (1)

Grindelia howellii

Howell's Gum-weed

Asteraceae

G3/S2S3

BLM/USPS

High

Miss (40), Powe (25)

Gymnosteris pan'ula

Small-flower Gymnosteris

Polemoniaceae

G4/SH

**

Gall(l)

Halimolobos perplexa
Puzzling Rockcress

Brassicaceae

G4/S1

Low-Mod

Rava (4)

X

Not in Dorn

Haplopappus aberrans
{Tonestus aberrans)
Idaho Goldenweed

Asteraceae

G3/S1

USPS

Low

Rava (4)

Not in Dorn

13

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Haplopappus carthamoides var. subsqiiarrosus
{Pyrrocoma c. var. subsquarrosa)

Beartooth Large-flowered Goldenweed

Asteraceae

G4G5T2T3/S1S2

BLM/USFS

NA

Carb (7)

3 named varieties,
occur in MT

2 known to

Haplopappus macronema var. macronema
{Ericameria discoidea var. discoidea)
Discoid Goldenweed

Asteraceae

G4G5T4/S1

USPS

NA

Beav(l),Gall(l)

2 named varieties.

both in MT

Haplopappus nanus
(Ericameria nana)

Dwarf Goldenweed

Asteraceae

G5/SH

**

Beav(l)

Haplopappus pygmaeus
{Tonestus pygmaeus)

Pygmy Goldenweed

Asteraceae

G4/SH

**

Deer (1), Gall (1)

Heterocodon rariflorum
Western Pearl-flower

Campanulaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Low-Mod

Line (3), Rava (4), Sand (7)

Howellia aquatilis
Water Howellia

Campanulaceae

G3/S2

Threatened

Moderate

Lake (43), Miss (95)

Hutchinsia procumbens
Hutchinsia

Brassicaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Beav(2),Carb(2), Powe(l)

Idahoa scapigera
Scalepod

Brassicaceae

G5/S1

USPS

NA

Flat (1), Rava (5)

Ipomoea leptophylla

Bush Morning-glory

Convolvulaceae

G3G5/S1S2

NA

NA

Ipomopsis congesta ssp. crebrifolia
BallheadGilia

Polemoniaceae

G5T3T4/S1

BLM

NA

Beav (4)

8 named varieties,
occur in MT

3 known to

Ipomopsis minutiflora
{Gilia minutiflora)

Small-flower Standing-cypress

Polemoniaceae

G4/S1

NA

Rava(l)

Not in Dorn

Kalmia polifolia
Pale Laurel

Ericaceae

G5/S1

USPS

NA

Flat (4), Miss (1)

Not in Dorn

Kelloggia galioides
KeUoggia

Rubiaceae

G5/SH

^j*

Mine (1)

Kochia americana

{Bassia americana)

Red Sage

Chenopodiaceae

G5/S1

BLM

Moderate

Beav (3)

Koenigia islandica
Island Koenigia

Polygonaceae

G4/S1

NA

Carb (5)

Lagophylla ramosissima
Slender Hareleaf

Asteraceae

G5/S1

Low?

Sand (3)

Not in Dorn

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

14

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name

Global/State

Federal

Threat

Montana

Common Name

Family Name

Rank

Status

Level

County Distribution

Endemic

Notes

Lathyrus bijugatus

Fabaceae

G4/S1

USPS

NA

Plat (1), Plat (1), Line (1)

Latah Tule Pea

Leptodactylon caespitosum

Polemoniaceae

G4/S2

BLM

NA

Carb (13)

Leptodactylon

Lesquerella carinata var. languida

Brassicaceae

G3G4T1/S1

BLM

NA

Gran (3)

X

2 named varieties, both occur in

Garnet Bladderpod

MT

Lesquerella douglasii

Brassicaceae

G47/S1

Low

Line (1)

Not in Dom

Douglas Lesquerella

Lesquerella humilis

Brassicaceae

Gl/Sl

USPS

Low

Rava (4)

X

Not in Dorn

Bitterroot Bladderpod

Lesquerella klausii

Brassicaceae

G3/S3

Low

Broa(l),Lewi(33),

X

Not in Dom

Divide Bladderpod

Meag (4)

Lesquerella lesicii

Brassicaceae

Gl/Sl

BLM

Moderate

Carb (3)

X

Not in Dom

Lesica's Bladderpod

Lesquerella pay sonii

Brassicaceae

G3/S1

USPS

NA

Beav (1), Gran (1)

Not in Dom

Payson Bladderpod

Lesquerella pulchella

Brassicaceae

G2/S2

BLM/USPS

NA

Beav(14)

X

Not in Dom

Beautiful Bladderpod

Lewisia Columbiana

Portulacaceae

G4/S1

NA

Rava(l)

Columbia Lewisia

Lewisia pygmaea var. nevadensis

Portulacaceae

G5T4/S1

NA

Beav (1), Deer (1), Rava (3)

Typical L. pygmaea also

inMT

(L. nevadensis)

Nevada Lewisia

Lobelia spicata

Campanulaceae

G5/S1

NA

Rich(l), Sher(3)

Pale-spiked Lobelia

Lomatium attenuatum

Apiaceae

G3/S2

BLM

NA

Beav(lO), Madi(l)

Not in Dorn

Taper-tip Desert-parsley

Lomatium geyeri

Apiaceae

G4/S2

USPS

Moderate

Line (9)

Geyer's Biscuitroot

Lomatium nuttallii

Apiaceae

G3/S1

BLM

Low-Mod

Bigh(2),Rose(l)

Not in Dom

Nuttall's Desert-parsley

Lomatogonium rotatum

Gentianaceae

G5/S1

BLM

Low

Beav (2)

Felwort

Malacothrix torreyi

Asteraceae

G4/S1

BLM

NA

Carb (5)

Desert Dandelion

Mentzelia montana

Loasaceae

G4/S1

BLM

NA

Beav (1), Cust (1)

White -bract Stickleaf

15

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Mentzelia nuda

Bractless Mentzelia

Loasaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Cust (2), Daws (1),
Powd (3), Roos(l),
Rose (1), Vail (1)

Mentzelia pumila

Dwarf Mentzelia

Loasaceae

G4/S2

BLM

NA

Carb (16)

Mertensia bella

Oregon Bluebells

Boraginaceae

G4/S1

USFS

Low

Miss (3)

Mimulus breviflorus

Short-flowered Monkeyflower

S crophulariaceae

G4/S1S2

USFS

NA

Flat (2), Line (4)

Not in Dorn

Mimulus nanus

Dwarf Purple Monkeyflower

S crophulariaceae

G5/S1

USFS

Low

Gall (3), Rava (4)

Mimulus patulus
(M. washingtonensis)

Washington Monkeyflower

S crophulariaceae

G3Q/S1

BLM/USFS

NA

Flat (5), Line (1)

Not in Dorn

Mimulus primuloides

Primrose Monkeyflower

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S2

USFS

Low

Beav(ll),Rava(2)

Mimulus ringens

Square-stem Monkeyflower

S crophulariaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Casc(2),Chou(4), Ferg(l)

Not in Dorn

Nama densum
Nama

Hydrophyllaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Carb (1)

Not in Dorn

Nuttallanthus texanus
{Linaria canadensis var. texana)
Blue Toadflax

Scrophulariaceae

G4G5/S1

NA

Cart (1), Daws (1)

Not in Dorn

Nymphaea tetragona ssp. leibergii
{N. leibergii)

Pygmy Water-lily

Nymphaeaceae

G5T5/S 1

Low-Mod

Flat(3), Lake (1), Miss (1)

N. tetragona in part in Dorn

Orogenia fusiformis

Tapered-root Orogenia

Apiaceae

G5/S2

BLM/USFS

Low

Beav (2), Madi (4), Miss (1),
Rava (10)

Not in Dorn. Would incorrectly
key to O. linearifolia in Dorn

Oxytropis campestris var. Columbiana
Columbia Crazyweed

Fabaceae

G5T3/S1

High

Lake (6)

10 named varieties, 3 known to
occur in MT

Oxytropis deflexa var. foliolosa
Pendent-pod Crazyweed

Fabaceae

G5T3T5/S1

NA

Madi (1)

3 named varieties, 2 known to
occur in MT

Oxytropis lagopus var. conjugens

Rabbit-foot Crazyweed

Fabaceae

G4G5T3/S3

NA

NA

Oxytropis parry i

Parry's Crazyweed

Fabaceae

G5/S1

NA

Beav(l)

Oxytropis podocarpa

Stalked-pod Crazyweed

Fabaceae

G4/S1

USFS

NA

Glac (1), Teto (4)

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

16

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/state
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Papaver kluanensis
(P. radicatum var. kluanense)
Alpine Poppy

Papaveraceae

G5/S1

NA

Carb(2), Swee(l)

Papaver pygmaeum
{P. radicatum var. pygmaeum)
Alpine Glacier Poppy

Papaveraceae

G3/S1

NA

Flat(4),Glac(12)

Pedicularis contorta var. ctenophora

Coil-beaked Lousewort

Scrophulariaceae

G5T3/S3

NA

Beav(3), Madi(l)

3 named varieties, all occur
inMT

Pedicularis contorta var. rubicunda

Coil-beaked Lousewort

Scrophulariaceae

G5T3/S3

NA

Rava (7)

3 named varieties, all occur
inMT

Pedicularis crenulata

Meadow Lousewort

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S1

BLM

Moderate

Beav (2)

Not in Dorn

Penstemon angustifolius
Narrowleaf Penstemon

Scrophulariaceae

G5/S1S2

BLM

NA

Cart(lO), Fall (1), Miss (1)

Penstemon attenuatus var. militaris
Taper-leaved Beardtongue

Scrophulariaceae

G4T4/SH

**

Rava(l)

4 named varieties, 3 known to
occur in MT

Penstemon caryi

Cary 's Beardtongue

Scrophulariaceae

G3/S3

NA

Carb

Penstemon flavescens
Yellow Beardtongue

Scrophulariaceae

G3/S3

NA

Rava, Mine

Penstemon globosus
Globe Beardtongue

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S1

NA

Gran (1)

Not in Dorn

Penstemon grandiflorus

Large Flowered Beardtongue

Scrophulariaceae

G57/S1

NA

Cust (1)

Not in Dorn

Penstemon lemhiensis
Lemhi Beardtongue

Scrophulariaceae

G3/S3

BLM/USFS

Moderate

Beav (56), Deer (7),
Rava (29), Silv (3)

Penstemon payettensis
Payette Beardtongue

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S1

USPS

Mod-High

Rava (2)

Penstemon whippleanus

Whipple's Beardtongue

Scrophulariaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Beav(l), Madi(l)

Petasites frigidus

Palmate-leaved Coltsfoot

Asteraceae

G5/S1

NA

Flat(4),Glac(l)

Not in Dorn

Phacelia incana

Hoary Phacelia

Hydrophyllaceae

G3G4/S2

BLM

NA

Beav (7)

Not in Dorn

Phacelia scopulina
{P. lutea var. scopulina)
Dwarf Phacelia

Hydrophyllaceae

G4/SH

**

Beav?, Madi? or Silv? (1)

Phacelia thermalis

Hot Spring Phacelia

Hydrophyllaceae

G3G4/S1

NA

Ferg(l), Garf(l), Phil(l),
Vall(l)

17

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name

Global/State

Federal

Threat

Montana

Common Name

Family Name

Rank

Status

Level

County Distribution

Endemic

Notes

Phlox andicola

Polemoniaceae

G4/S2

BLM

NA

Cart (3), Daws (1),

Plains Phlox

Powd(l), Rose(l), Sher(4)

Phlox kelseyi var. missoulensis

Polemoniaceae

G4T2/S2

USPS

Low-Mod

Case (3), Gran (3), Judi (2),

X

Not in Dorn

(P. missoulensis)

Lewi (3), Meag (4),

Missoula Phlox

Miss (2), Powe (3)

Physaria brassicoides

Brassicaceae

G5/S2

BLM

Low

Cart (4), Cust (1), Petr (1),

Double Bladderpod

Powd (3)

Physaria didymocarpa var. lanata

Brassicaceae

G5T2/S1

BLM

Moderate

Bigh (2), Rose (3)

3 named varieties, 2 known to

Woolly Twinpod

occur in MT

Physaria saximontana var. dentata

Brassicaceae

G3T3/S3

NA

Park(l), Silv(l)

X

Not in Dorn. 2 named varieties,

Rocky Mountain Twinpod

only 1 var. known to occur in MT

Plagiobothrys leptocladus

Boraginaceae

G4/S1

BLM

NA

Beav (1), Cust (1), Glac (1),

Slender-branched Popcorn-flower

Phil (1)

Polygonum douglasii ssp. austinae

Polygonaceae

G5T4/S2S3

USPS

Low

Broa (4), Plat (2), Lewi (6),

7 named subspecies, 6 known to

(P. austinae)

Madi (2), Meag (1), Park (1),

occur in MT

Austin's Knotweed

Pond(l), Powe(2),Teto(l)

Polygonum polygaloides ssp. confertiflorum

Polygonaceae

G4G5T3T4/S1S2

NA

Glac (1), Sand (1)

4 named subspecies, 3 known to

(P. confertiflorum)

occur in MT

Dense-flowered Knotweed

Potentilla brevifolia

Rosaceae

G4/S1

NA

Madi (1)

Short-leaved Cinquefoil

Potentilla nana

Rosaceae

G4G5/S1

NA

Carb (2)

Not in Dorn

(P. hyparctica, P. flabellifolia van emarginata)

Low Arctic Cinquefoil

Potentilla plattensis

Rosaceae

G4/S1

BLM

NA

Beav (l),Carb? or Bigh? (1)

Platte Cinquefoil

Potentilla quinquefolia

Rosaceae

G4/S1

USPS

NA

Plat (2), Glac (3), Madi (3),

(P. nivea var. pentaphylla)

Park (1), Pond (1)

Five-leaf Cinquefoil

Potentilla uniflora

Rosaceae

G5/S1

NA

Carb (1), Plat (1), Glac (3),

One-flowered Cinquefoil

Gran (1)

Primula alcalina

Primulaceae

G2/S1

BLM/USPS

Moderate

Beav (2)

Not in Dorn

Idaho Primrose

Primula incana

Primulaceae

G4G5/S2

BLM/USPS

Moderate

Beav (9), Broa (1), Carb (1),

Mealy Primrose

Deer (2), Gall (2), Jeff (1),
Madi (6), Sher (1), Teto (1)

Primus pumila

Rosaceae

G5/S1

Moderate

Pall(l), McCo(l)

Sand Cherry

Psilocarphus hrevissimus

Asteraceae

G4/S1

BLM

NA

Casc(l), Petr(l), Phil(2),

Dwarf Woolly-heads

Sand (2)

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

18

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name

Global/State

Federal

Threat

Montana

Common Name

Family Name

Rank

Status

Level

County Distribution

Endemic

Notes

Psoralea hypogaea

Fabaceae

G5/S2S3

NA

Cart(l), Casc(2), Chou(l),

{Pediomelum hypogaeum)

Perg(2), Gold(l), Powd(l),

Indian Breadroot

Rose (4)

Quercus macrocarpa

Fagaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Cart(l)

Bur Oak

Ranunculus cardiophyllus

Ranunculaceae

G4G5/S1

NA

Glac(5), Swee(lXTool(2)

Heart-leaved Buttercup

Ranunculus gelidus

Ranunculaceae

G4G5/S1

NA

Stil(l)

(R. karelinii)

Arctic Buttercup

Ranunculus hyperboreus

Ranunculaceae

G5/S1

NA

Deer(l), Madi(l)

High-arctic Buttercup

Ranunculus jovis

Ranunculaceae

G4/S2

USPS

Low

Beav(6),Carb(l), Gall(2),

Jove's Buttercup

Madi (3), Park (1)

Ranunculus orthorhynchus

Ranunculaceae

G5/SH

**

Deer(l), Gran (1), Mine (1)

Straightbeak Buttercup

Ranunculus pedatifidus

Ranunculaceae

G5/S1

NA

Chou(l), Glac(2),Gran(l),

Northern Buttercup

Libe(l),Tool(l)

Ranunculus verecundus

Ranunculaceae

G5/S2

NA

Deer(l), Flat(l), Glac(4),

Timberline Buttercup

Madi (2)

Ribes laxiflorum

Grossulariaceae

G5/S1

NA

Linc(l)

Not in Dorn

Trailing Black Currant

Ribes triste

Grossulariaceae

G5/S1

NA

Beav (1), Deer (1), Gran (1),

Swamp Red Currant

Mine(l), Rava(l)

Ribes velutinum

Grossulariaceae

G5/S1

NA

Beav(l)

Not in Dorn

Desert Gooseberry

Rorippa calycina

Brassicaceae

G3/S1

BLM

Moderate

Bigh(l), Cust(l), McCo(l)

Persistent-sepal Yellow-cress

Rose (l),Trea(l), Yell (1)

Rotala ramosior

Lythraceae

G5/S1

NA

Lake(l), Miss(2), Rava(2)

Toothcup

Sagina nivalis

Caryophyllaceae

G5/S1

Very Low

Glac(l)

Not in Dorn

Arctic Pearlwort

Salix barrattiana

SaUcaceae

G5/S1

USPS

NA

Carb(l),Glac(l)

Barratt's Willow

Salix cascadensis

SaUcaceae

G4G5/S1

NA

Deer (1), Gran (1)

Cascade's Willow

Salix serissima

Salicaceae

G4/S2

Low

Glac(6), Meag(l),Teto(2)

Autumn Willow

19

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Satureja douglasii
(Clinopodium douglasii)
YerbaBuena

Lamiaceae

G4/S2

NA

Miss (7), Rava (1), Sand (7)

Saussurea densa

Dwarf Saw-wort

Asteraceae

G4/S1S2

NA

Flat (2), Lewi (1), Pond (1),
Teto (7)

Saussurea weberi

Weber's Saw-wort

Asteraceae

G2G3/S1

USPS

NA

Deer (1), Gran (1)

Saxifraga apetala
(S. integrifolia var. apetala)
Tiny Swamp Saxifrage

Saxifragaceae

G3Q/S1

Very Low

Beav(l),Carb(l)

S. integrifolia in part in Dom

Saxifraga hirculus

Yellow Marsh Saxifrage

Saxifragaceae

G5/S1

NA

Carb (1)

Saxifraga tempestiva
Storm Saxifrage

Saxifragaceae

G2/S2

USPS

Very low

Beav(l),Deer(7),Gran(4),
Gran (4), Madi (1), Rava (3)

X

Senecio amplectens

Clasping Groundsel

Asteraceae

G4/S1

NA

Carb (1)

2 named varieties, only var.
holmii is in MT

Senecio eremophilus

Desert Ragwort

Asteraceae

G5/S1S2

NA

Bigh(l),Hill(2),Park(l),
Phil(l)

3 named varieties, only the typic
variety in MT

Senecio spribillei

Spribille's Groundsel

Asteraceae

Gl/Sl

Very Low

Linc(l)

X

Not in Dorn

Shoshonea pulvinata
Shoshonea

Apiaceae

G2G3/S1

BLM/USFS

Low

Carb (4)

Not in Dorn

Sidalcea oregana

Oregon Checker-mallow

Malvaceae

G5/S1

High

Gall (1), Lake (1)

Silene spaldingii

Spalding's Campion

Caryophyllaceae

G2/S1

Threatened

High

Flat (7), Lake (1), Line (4),
Sand (4)

Solidago sparsiflora
(5. velutina)

Few-flowered Goldenrod

Asteraceae

G57/S1

ELM

NA

Garf(l)

Sphaeralcea munroana

White-stemmed Globe-mallow

Malvaceae

G4/S1

BLM

NA

Beav (5)

Sphaeromeria argentea
Chicken Sage

Asteraceae

G3G4/S2S3

BLM

NA

Beav(17)

Sphaeromeria capitata

Rock-tansy

Asteraceae

G3/S3

NA

NA

Stellaria crassifolia
Fleshy Stitchwort

Caryophyllaceae

G5/S1

Low

Beav (1), Carb (1), Deer (1),
Sand(l)

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

20

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/state
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Stellariajamesiana
(Pseudostellariajamesiana)
James' Stitchwort

Caryophyllaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Beav (2)

Stephanomeria spinosa
{Lygodesmia spinosa)
Spiny Skeletonweed

Asteraceae

G4/S1

BLM

Low

Beav (1), Madi (5)

Suckleya suckleyana
Poison Suckleya

Chenopodiaceae

G5/S1

NA

Daws (1), Roos (1),
Muss (1), Vail (1)

SulUvantia hapemanii

Wyoming Sullivantia

Saxifragaceae

G3/S2

BLM

NA

Bigh (6), Carb (4)

Synthyris canbyi

Mission Mountain Kittentails

Scrophulariaceae

G3/S3

Low

Lake (6), Miss (7)

X

Taraxacum eriophorum

Rocky Mountain Dandelion

Asteraceae

G4/S1

BLM

Low

Beav (3), Gran (1), Madi (1)
Park(l)

Thalictrum alpinum

Alpine Meadowrue

Ranunculaceae

G5/S2

BLM/USFS

Low

Beav (9), Deer (2)

Thelypodium paniculatum

Northwestern Thelypody

Brassicaceae

G2/SH

BLM

Hs*

Beav(l)

Thelypodium sagittatum
Slender Thelypody

Brassicaceae

G4/S2

BLM

NA

Beav (16), Gall (2)

Only the typic variety is known
inMT

Thlaspi parviflorum

Small-flowered Pennycress

Brassicaceae

G3/S2

BLM

Low

Beav (7), Carb (2), Madi (5)
Park(l), Silv(2)

Townsendia condensata
Cushion Townsendia

Asteraceae

G4/S1

BLM

Low

Glac(3), Park(l)

Townsendia florifera

Showy Townsendia

Asteraceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Beav (2), Madi (1)

Not in Dom

Townsendia nuttallii

Nuttall's Townsend-daisy

Asteraceae

G3/S3

NA

NA

Not in Dorn

Townsendia spathulata

Sword Townsendia

Asteraceae

G3/S3

NA

Beav(7),Broa(l),Carb(7),
Madi (1), Silv (1)

Trifolium eriocephalum
Woolly-head Clover

Fabaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Moderate

Rava (8)

Trifolium gymnocarpon
Hollyleaf Clover

Fabaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Moderate

Gran(l), Rava(3)

Utricularia intermedia

Flat-leaved Bladderwort

Lentibulariaceae

G5/S1S2

USPS

NA

Plat(3), Linc(2), Miss(l),
Powe (1)

Vaccinium myrtilloides
Velvetleaf Blueberry

Ericaceae

G5/S1

Moderate

Flat (3)

21

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/state
Rank

Federal
status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Viburnum lentago
Nannyberry

Caprifoliaceae

G5/S1

NA

Bigh(2),Rich(l), Roos(l)

Viguiera multiflora
{Heliomeris multiflora)

Many-flowered Viguiera

Asteraceae

G4G5/S1

BLM

NA

Beav(l),Gall(l)

Viola selkirkii

Great Spurred Violet

Violaceae

G57/S1

USPS

NA

Line (3)

Not in Dom

Waldsteinia idahoensis

Idaho Barren-strawberry

Rosaceae

G3/S1

USPS

Moderate

Miss (1)

Not in Dom

Zizia aurea

Golden Alexanders

Apiaceae

G5/SH

**

Jeff (2)

Flowering Plants - Monocots (Liliopsida)

Acorus americanus
(A. calamus)
Sweetflag

Araceae

G5/SH

**

Flat (1), Lake (1)

A. calamus in Dom

Allium acuminatum
Tapertip Onion

Liliaceae

G5/S1

USPS

NA

Madi(l), Rava(l), Sand(l)

Allium columbianum
Columbia Onion

Liliaceae

G3/S1

Moderate

Sand(l)

Not in Dom

Allium parvum
Small Onion

Liliaceae

G5/S2S3

USPS

Moderate

Beav(l),Rava(37)

Allium simillimum
Dwarf Onion

Liliaceae

G4/S1

NA

Gall(l),Rava(4)

Amerorchis rotundifolia
{Orchis rotundifolia)

Round-leaved Orchis

Orchidaceae

G5/S2S3

BLM/USFS

Low-Mod

Flat(4),Glac(l),Lake(l),
Lewi (7), Line (5), Pond (1),
Powe (3), Teto (6)

Calamagrostis tweedyi

Cascade Reedgrass

Poaceae

G3/S3

NA

Mine (12), Miss (1),
Rava (3), Sand (3)

Calochortus bruneaunis

Bruneau Mariposa Lily

Liliaceae

G5/SH

**

Beav(l)

Carex amplifolia
Big-leaf Sedge

Cyperaceae

G4/S1

USPS

NA

Sand(l)

Carex chordorrhiza
Creeping Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S2

USPS

NA

Flat (5), Line (2), Powe (1)

Carex comosa
Bristly Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

Mod-High

Flat (1)

Not in Dom

Carex crawei

Crawe's Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S2

BLM

NA

Casc(l), Pond(2), Powe(l),
Prai (1), Teto (3)

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

22

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/state
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Carex gravida

Pregnant Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S1S2

Low-Mod

Bigh(3), Cart(l), Powd(l),
Rose (1)

Carex idahoa
(C. parryana ssp. idahoa)
Idaho Sedge

Cyperaceae

G2G3/S2S3

BLM/USFS

Low-Mod

Beav(30), Madi(l),
Powe (1), Silv (7)

C parryana in part in Dorn

Carex incurvifor?nis
Maritime Sedge

Cyperaceae

G4G5/S1

Low

Deer(l), Glac(l), Madi(l),
Teto (2)

Carex lacustris

Lake-bank Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

USFS

NA

Flat (1), Lake (3)

Not in Dorn

Carex lenticularis var. dolia
Goose-grass Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5T3Q/S1

Low

Flat(3), Glac(2), Park(l)

5 named varieties, 3 known to
occur in MT

Carex multicostata

Many-ribbed Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

NA

Beav(2), Gall(2),Park(l)

Carex non'egica ssp. stevenii
Steven's Scandinavian Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5TNR/S 1

NA

Beav(l),Deer(l)

2 varieties recognized by NRCS
PLANTS database, both in MT

Carex occidentalis
Western Sedge

Cyperaceae

G4/SH

t--Jr-

Beav (2)

Carex petricosa
Rock Sedge

Cyperaceae

G4/S1

Moderate?

Glac (2)

Carex prairea
Prairie Sedge

Cyperaceae

G57/S2

USFS

NA

Flat (2), Line (4)

Not in Dorn

Carex rostrata
Beaked Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

USFS

NA

Flat(l), Line (1), Miss (1)

Not C rostrata as listed in Dorn

Carex scoparia

Pointed Broom Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S1S2

NA

Miss (5), Rava (3)

Carex stenoptila

Small-winged Sedge

Cyperaceae

G2/S1S2

NA

Carb(2),Flat(l), Gall(l),
Madi(l),Rava(2), Stil(l),
Swee (2)

Carex sychnocephala
Many-headed Sedge

Cyperaceae

G4/S1

Moderate

Casc(l),Glac(2), Sher(l)

Carex tenuiflora

Thin-flowered Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

NA

Flat(l)

Not in Dorn

Carex tincta

Slender Sedge

Cyperaceae

G4G5/S1

NA

Glac (1), Lake (1), Park (1)

Carex vaginata

Sheathed Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

USFS

NA

Linc(l)

Not in Dorn

Cypenis acuminatus

Short-pointed Flatsedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

NA

Sand(l)

Cypenis erythrorhizos
Red-root Flatsedge

Cyperaceae

G5/SH

**

Flat(l)

23

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Cyperus rivularis
(C. bipartitus)

Shining Flatsedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

NA

Miss (1), Rava (4)

Cyperus schweinitzii

Schweinitz' Flatsedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S2

BLM

NA

Cart (3), Case (1), Cust (1),
Powd(2), Sher(l)

Cypripedium fasciculatum

Clustered Lady's Slipper

Orchidaceae

G4/S2

USPS

Moderate

Lake (7), Mine (16),
Miss (1), Sand (6)

Cypripedium passerinum

Sparrow's-egg Lady's Slipper

Orchidaceae

G4G5/S2

USPS

Low

Flat(6),Glac(l),Lake(3),
Lewi (3), Line (6), Pond (2),
Powe (2), Teto (2)

Dichanthelium oligosanthes var. scribnerianum
(Panicum oligosanthes)
Scribner's Panic Grass

Poaceae

G5T5/S 1

BLM

High

Lake(l), Powd(3)

2 named varieties, both occur
in MT

Elymus flavescens
{Leymus flavescens)
Sand Wildrye

Poaceae

G4/S1

BLM

Low

Beav(l)

Elymus innovatus
{Leymus innovatus)
Northern Wildrye

Poaceae

G5/S1

USPS

NA

Casc(2), Glac(2), Pond(l),
Teto (1)

Eleocharis rostellata
Beaked Spikerush

Cyperaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Moderate

Carb(l), Flat(3), Lake(4),
Lewi(l), Linc(l),Madi(4),
Meag(l), Park (1), Sand (1),
Swee(l), Teto(2)

Elodea longivaginata
{E. bifoliata)

Long Sheath Waterweed

Hydrocharitaceae

G4G5/S1

BLM

NA

Beav(l),Glac(l),Libe(l),
Phil(2), Stil(l)

Epipactis gigantea

Giant Helleborine

Orchidaceae

G3G4/S2

USPS

Low-Mod

Carb (2), Flat (7), Gran (1),
Lake(10),Madi(l),
Powe (1), Teto (1)

Eriophorum callitrix

Sheated Cotton-grass

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

NA

Carb (2)

Eriophorum gracile

Slender Cotton-grass

Cyperaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Low

Flat (9), Lake (5), Line (6)

Festuca vivipara
{F. viviparoidea)

Viviparous Fescue

Poaceae

G4G5/S1

NA

Flat (3), Glac (5)

Goodyera repens

Northern Rattlesnake-plantain

Orchidaceae

G5/S2S3

USPS

Low

Ferg(2), Flat(l),Judi(22),
Meag(l),Whea(6)

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

24

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/state
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Hemicarpha dnimmondii
(Lipocarpha dnimmondii)

Drummond's Hemicarpha

Cyperaceae

G4G5/SH

*^

Carb(l)

Heteranthera dubia
Water Star-grass

Pontederiaceae

G5/S1

USPS

Moderate

Plat (2), Sand (1)

Juncus acuminatus
Tapered Rush

Juncaceae

G5/S1

NA

Deer(l), Teto(l)

Juncus albescens
(J. triglumis var. albescens)
Three-flowered Rush

Juncaceae

G5/S1

NA

Plat (2), Glac (7)

J. triglumis in part in Dorn

Juncus covillei var. covillei
Coville's Rush

Juncaceae

G5T5/S 1

NA

Mine(2), Miss(l), Rava(2)
Swee(l)

2 named varieties, both are SOC
in MT

Juncus covillei var. obtusatus
Coville's Blunt Rush

Juncaceae

G5T4/S1

NA

Rava(l)

2 named varieties, both are SOC
inMT

Juncus hallii

Hall's Rush

Juncaceae

G4G5/S2

USPS

NA

Beav(l),Broa(l),Jeff(l),
Madi (3), Meag (3),
Powe (2), Silv (2)

Kobresia macrocarpa
(K. sibircia, K. bellardi var macrocarpa)
Large-fruited Kobresia

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

NA

Carb (2)

Kobresia simpliciuscula
Simple Kobresia

Cyperaceae

G5/S2

BLM

NA

Beav(2),Carb(l), Glac(6),
Gran (1), Park (1), Teto (2)

Not in Dorn

Lilaea scilloides

Flowering Quillwort

Juncaginaceae

G57/SH

**

Lake (2)

Liparis loeselii

Loesel's Twayblade

Orchidaceae

G5/S1S2

USPS

Low

Lake (7)

Not in Dorn

Listera borealis

Northern twayblade

Orchidaceae

G4/S1S2

NA

Rava(l)

Maianthemum canadense
Wild Lily-of-the-valley

Liliaceae

G5/SH

**

Cart(l)

Najas guadalupensis

Guadalupe Water-nymph

Najadaceae

G5/S1

NA

Case (1), Plat (2), Lake (1),
Rava(l)

Phippsia algida
Ice Grass

Poaceae

G5/S1

NA

Carb (5), Stil (1)

Poa curta
{P. arnowiae)

Short-leaved Bluegrass

Poaceae

G4/S1

BLM

NA

Carb(l)

Not in Dorn

Poa laxa ssp. banjfiana

Banff Loose-flowered Bluegrass

Poaceae

G57T1/S1

NA

Glac(l)

Not in Dorn. 2 named varieties,
only var. banjfiana in MT

25

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Potamogeton obtusifolius
Blunt-leaved Pondweed

Potamogetonaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Moderate

Flat(2),Glac(l),Lake(7),
Miss (3)

Puccinellia lemmonii

Lemmon's Alkaligrass

Poaceae

G4/S1

BLM

Low-Mod

Beav (2)

Not in Dorn

Scheuchzeria palustris
Pod Grass

Scheuchzeriaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Low

Flat (12), Gran (1), Lake (6),
Line (6), Miss (3)

Scirpus cespitosus
{Trichophorum caespitosum)
Tufted Clubrush

Cyperaceae

G5/S2

USPS

NA

Beav (1), Flat (10), Glac(l),
Lake(l),Linc(2), Powe(l),
Teto (1)

Scirpus heterochaetus
{Shoenoplectus heterochaetus)
Slender Bulrush

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

BLM

NA

Phil(l),Sher(l)

Scirpus hudsonianus

(Eriophorum alpinum, Trichophorum alpinum)
Hudson's Bay Bulrush

Cyperaceae

G5/S1

NA

Flat (2), Glac (1)

Scirpus pumilus ssp. rollandii
(S. rollandii, Trichophorum pumilum)
Small Clubrush

Cyperaceae

G5T5/S1

BLM

NA

Glac (1), Teto (2)

Scirpus subterminalis
(Schoenoplectus subterminalis)
Water Bulrush

Cyperaceae

G4G5/S2

USPS

Low-Mod

Flat (4), Lake (1), Lewi (1),
Line (5), Miss (4)

Sisyrinchium septentrionale

Northern Blue-eyed Grass

Iridaceae

G3G4/S1

NA

Sher(l)

Not in Dorn

Sphenopholis intermedia
{S. obtusata var. major)
Slender Wedgegrass

Poaceae

G5/S1

NA

Bigh(l),Gall(l)

Spiranthes diluvialis

Ute Ladies' Tresses

Orchidaceae

G2/S1

Threatened

High

Beav(l),Broa(l),Gall(4),
Jeff (2), Madi (4)

Not in Dorn

Sporobolus asper
(S. compositus var. compositus)
Longleaf Dropseed

Poaceae

G5/SH

**

Cart (1), Cust (1)

Sporobolus neglectus
Small Dropseed

Poaceae

G5/S1

NA

Gall(2), Sand(l),Whea(l)

Stipa lettermanii
(Achnatherum lettermanii)
Letterman's Needlegrass

Poaceae

G5/S1

NA

Beav(l),Bigh(2),Carb(2),
Madi (1), Park (1)

Tofieldia pusilla

Small Tofieldia

Liliaceae

G5/S2

NA

Flat (1), Glac (8)

Veratrum califomicum

California False-hellebore

Liliaceae

G5/S1

USPS

NA

Gran (3), Rava (2)

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

26

Vascular Plant Species of Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/state
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Montana
Endemic

Notes

Wolffia Columbiana

Columbia Water-meal

Lemnaceae

G5/S2 NA

Flat(5), Lake (1), Miss (1),
Rava(l)

Arabis fecunda
(Sapphire Rockcress)
Illustration by: Robert Allen

Balsamorhiza macrophylla

(Large-leaved Balsamroot)

Illustration by: JohnH. Rumely

From Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest

27

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Plant Species of Potential Concern

June 2006

This publication identifies 133 Potential Species of Concern
in Montana compared to the 2003 publication which
included 220 species. Potential Species of Concern
(PSOC) include those taxa currently ranked S3, except for
those ranked G3 which are on the SOC list. In this edition,
species ranked as SU or SR (insuffiecient information to
assign a rank or reported for Montana) have been moved
to a "review" category, which will be used to highlight
those species that require more information before a
Montana status rank can be assigned.

Many species on this updated PSOC list are here for the
first time. This is a result of including all taxa ranked S3 in
our databases, many of which have not undergone a
thorough rank review for some time. As these species are
reviewed using new data on abundance, distribution,
threats, habitat specificity and vulnerability, it is likely that
changes in status will be warranted and species will be
removed. Conversely, many other species in the state are
not yet ranked and some will likely warrant inclusion as

PSOC. However, as resources for ranking and tracking
species are limited, we may eventually narrow the criteria
for inclusion on the PSOC list.

In the past, the Heritage Program did not regularly keep
track of occurrences for Potential Species of Concern.
When a species was dropped from Species of Concern
status, occurrence data were removed from the active
Heritage databases. We have now begun managing data
on the distribution and status of some Potential Concern
plants; though it will take time to reactivate old data records
for "dropped" species and begin entering location data for
others. The most immediate impact is that species
downgraded from Species of Concern to Potential Concern
will continue to be "tracked" in the Heritage data system
and their occurrences reported through our data request
process (with their Potential Concern status clearly
indicated). We will also continue entering observational
data that we receive for these species, so their status can
be monitored in the future.

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

28

Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Ferns and Fern Allies (Pteridophyta)

Botrychium minganense

Mingan Island Moonwort

Ophioglossaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Lycopodium alpinum
(Diphasiastrum alpinum)

Alpine Clubmoss

Lycopodiaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Lycopodium sitchense
(Diphasiastrum sitchense)
Alaskan Clubmoss

Lycopodiaceae

G5/S3

NA

Flat (3), Line (2)

Selaginella watsonii

Watson's Selaginella

Selaginellaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Flowering Plants - Dicots (Magnoliopsida)

Agoseris lackschewitzii
PinkAgoseris

Asteraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Allotropa virgata
Candystick

Monotropaceae

G4/S3

NA

Beav (19), Deer (7), Gran (12), Rava (41)

Angelica dawsonii

Dawson's Angelica

Apiaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Aquilegia jonesii

Jones' Columbine

Ranunculaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Arenaria kingii

King's Arenaria

Caryophyllaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Artemisia arbuscula

Dwarf Sagebrush

Asteraceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Artemisia spinescens
Bud Sagebrush

Asteraceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Atriplex canescens

Four-wing Saltbush

Chenopodiaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Atriplex suckleyi

{A. dioica, Endolepis dioica)

Suckley's Saltbush

Chenopodiaceae

G47/S3

NA

NA

Aster glaucodes
{Eurybia glacua)
Gray Aster

Asteraceae

G4G5/S3

NA

NA

Astragalus ceramicus var.filifolius

Painted Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G4T4/S3

NA

NA

29

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Astragalus chamaeleuce
Ground Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Astragalus hyalinus

Summer Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Astragalus kentrophyta var. kentrophyta
Spiny Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G5T4/S3

NA

NA

Astragalus lentiginosus
Sodaville Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Astragalus leptaleus
Park Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Astragalus plattensis

Platte River Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Astragalus platytropis

Broad-keeled Milkvetch

Fabaceae

G5/S3

NA

Beav, Madi, Silv

Bidens coniosa
(B. tripartita)

Threelobed Beggarticks

Asteraceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Camissonia minor
(Oenothera minor)

Small-flowered Evening-primrose

Onagraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Castilleja angustifolia

Desert Indian Paintbrush

Scrophulariaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Castilleja occidentalis

Western Indian Paintbrush

Scrophulariaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Castilleja longispica

(C. pilosa var. longispica)

Parrot-head Indian Paintbrush

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Castilleja rustica
(C flava var. rustica)

Rustic Indian Paintbrush

Scrophulariaceae

G3G4/S3

NA

NA

Chionophila tweedyi

Tweedy Snowlover

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Chrysosplenium tetrandrum
Northern Golden-carpet

Saxifragaceae

G5/S3

NA

Gran (4), Rava (28)

Chrysothamnus linifolius
Lineleaf Rabbitbrush

Asteraceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Cordylanthus ramosus

Much-branded Birds-beak

Scrophulariaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

30

Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Cryptantha flavoculata

Pale Yellow Cryptantha

Boraginaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Cryptantha sobolifera

Montana Cryptantha

Boraginaceae

G47/S3

NA

NA

Cryptantha spiculifera

Snake River Cat's-eye

Boraginaceae

G47/S3

NA

NA

Epilobium suffruticosum

Shrubby Willow-herb

Onagraceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Erigeron gracilis

Slender Fleabane

Asteraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Erigeron humilis

Low Fleabane

Asteraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Erigeron lanatus

Woolly Fleabane

Asteraceae

G3G4/S3

NA

NA

Eriogonum pyrolifolium

Alpine Buckwheat

Polygonaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Eriogonum umbellatum var. stellatum
(E. u. var. ellipticum)

Starry Buckwheat

Polygonaceae

G5T3T5/S3

NA

NA

Eritrichium howardii

Howard Forget-me-not

Boraginaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Gaultheria ovatifolia

Slender Wintergreen

Ericaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Gentiana aquatica
(G. fremontii)

Wet Meadow Gentian

Gentianaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Gentianella propinqua
(Gentiana propinqua)

Four-parted Gentian

Gentianaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Geocaulon lividum
iComandra lividum)

Northern Bastard-toadflax

Santalaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Gilia inconspicua
Shy Gilia

Polemoniaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Hackelia cinerea

Gray Stickseed

Boraginaceae

G47/S3

NA

NA

Halenia deflexa

Spurred Gentian

Gentianaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

31

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern

Scientific Name

Global/State

Federal

Threat

Common Name

Family Name

Rank

Status

Level

County Distribution

Halimolobos virgata

Brassicaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Twiggy Halimolobos

Haplopappus lanuginosus ssp. andersonii

Asteraceae

G5T47/S3

NA

NA

(Stenotus lanuginosus yar. andersonii)

Anderson's Mock Goldenweed

Haplopappus multicaulis

Asteraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

{Oonopsis multicaulis)

Many-stem Goldenweed

Hedysarum alpinum

Fabaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Apline Sweet-vetch

Hymenoxys grandiflora

Asteraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

{Tetraneuris grandiflora)

Graylocks Four-nerve Daisy

Hymenoxys torreyana

Asteraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

(Tetraneuris torreyana)

Torrey Bitterweed

Impatiens ecalcarata

Balsaminaceae

G3G4/S3

NA

NA

Spurless Touch-me-not

Ipomopsis pumila

Polemoniaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Dwarf Ipomopsis

Lesquerella condensata

Brassicaceae

G4Q/S3

NA

NA

(L. alpina ssp. condensata)

Dense Bladderpod

Linanthus nuttallii

Polemoniaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

(Linanthastruni nuttallii)

Nuttall's Linanthus

Lomatium bicolor var. bicolor

Apiaceae

G4T3T4/S3

NA

NA

Bicolor Biscuitroot

Madia minima

Asteraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Small-headed Tarweed

Mimulus suksdorfii

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Suksdorf Monkeyflower

Mirabilis hirsuta

Nyctaginaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Hairy Four-o'clock

Musineon vaginatum

Apiaceae

G3G4/S3

NA

NA

Rydberg Parsley

Myosotis verna

Boraginaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Early Forget-me-not

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

32

Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Orobanche corymbosa

Flat-topped Broomrape

Orobanchaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Oxytropis lagopus var. lagopus

Rabbit-foot Crazyweed

Fabaceae

G4G5T3T4/S3

NA

NA

Pedicularis cystopteridifolia

Fern-leaved Lousewort

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Pedicularis oederi

Oeder's Lousewort

S crophulariaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Pediocactus simpsonii

Simpson's Hedgehog Cactus

Cactaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Penstemon laricifolius

Larch-leaf B eardtongue

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Penstemon lyallii

Lyall Beardtongue

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Phacelia glandulosa

Glandular Scorpion-weed

Hydrophyllaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Phacelia ivesiana var. glandulifera
(P. glandulifera)

Sticky Scorpion-weed

Hydrophyllaceae

G5T5/S3

NA

NA

Physocarpus monogynus

Mountain Ninebark

Rosaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Pinguicula macroceras

(P. vulgaris var. macroceras)

California Butterwort

Lentibulariaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Plantago canescens

Gray Pubescent Plantain

Plantaginaceae

G4G5/S3

NA

NA

Plantago tweedyi

Tweedy Plantain

Plantaginaceae

G4G5/S3

NA

NA

Prenanthes sagittata

Arrow-leaf Rattlesnake-root

Asteraceae

G3G4/S3

NA

NA

Ranunculus populago

Mountain Buttercup

Ranunculaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Ribes irriguum

(R. oxycanthoides ssp. irriguum)

Idaho Gooseberry

Grossulariaceae

G3G4/S3

NA

NA

Romanzoffia sitchensis
Sitka Mistmaid

Hydrophyllaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Rubus ursinus

Pacific Blackberry

Rosaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

33

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern

Scientific Name

Global/State

Federal

Threat

Common Name

Family Name

Rank

Status

Level

County Distribution

Sanicula graveolens

Apiaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Sierra Sanicle

Saxifraga cemua

Saxifragaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Nodding Saxifrage

Sedum leibergii

Crassulaceae

G47/S3

NA

NA

{S. borschii)

Borscli's Stonecrop

Senecio debilis

Asteraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

(Packera debilis)

Rocky Mountain Ragwort

Senecio fuscatus

Asteraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

{Tephroseris lindstroemii)

Twice-liairy Butterweed

Senecio megacephalus

Asteraceae

G47/S3

NA

NA

Nuttall Ragwort

Sorbus sitchensis

Rosaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Sitka Mountain Ash

Stanleya tomentosa

Brassicaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Woolly Prince's plume

Stanleya viridiflora

Brassicaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Green Prince's plume

Streptanthella longirostris

Brassicaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Streptanthella

Suksdorfia violacea

Saxifragaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Violet Suksdorfia

Synthyris missurica

Scrophulariaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Western Mountain Synthyris

Tellima grandiflora

Saxifragaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Large Fringe-cup

Townsendia incana

Asteraceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Hoary Townsendia

Trifolium latifolium

Fabaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Twin Clover

Trifolium microcephalum

Fabaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Smallhead Clover

Viola renifolia

Violaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Kidney-leaf White Violet

Wyethia scahra

Asteraceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Rough Mule's Ears

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

34

Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/state
Rank

Federal
status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Flowering Plants - Monocots (Liliopsida)

Allium fibrillum

Fringed Onion

LiUaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Agrostis borealis
(A. mertensii)

Northern Bentgrass

Poaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Carex capitata

Capitate Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Carex ebumea
Ivory Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Carex livida
Pale Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S3

NA

Flat (12), Glac (1), Lake (5), Lewi (2), Miss (2), Powe (1), Teto (3)

Carex misandra

Short-leaf Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Carex neurophora

Alpine Nerved Sedge

Cyperaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Carex paupercula
(C. magellanica ssp. irrigua)
Poor Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Carex pelocarpa

(C. nova yar. pelocarpa)

Dusky-seed Sedge

Cyperaceae

G4G5/S3

NA

NA

Carex torreyi
(C. abbreviata)

Torrey's Sedge

Cyperaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Carex vallicola

Valley Sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Cypripedium parviflorum
(C. calceolus)

Small Yellow Lady's Slipper

Orchidaceae

G5/S3

USFS/BLM

Low-Mod

Flat (20), Gall (2), Gran (1), Jeff (1), Judi (1), Lake (12), Lewi (5),
Line (20), Miss (5), Pond (1), Stil (1), Swee (1), Teto (6)

Dichanthelium wilcoxianum

Wilcox's Panic Grass

Poaceae

G5/S3

NA

Cart, Cust, Powd

Eriophorum viridicarinatum
Green-keeled Cotton-sedge

Cyperaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Erythroniuni grandiflorum var. candidum

White Glacierlily

Lihaceae

G5T3T4/S3

NA

NA

35

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern

Scientific Name
Common Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

Threat
Level

County Distribution

Hierochloe odorata
{H. hirta ssp. arctica)
Sweet Grass

Poaceae

G5/S3

NA

Beav, Blai, Broa, Case, Flat, Glac, Gall, Line, Park, Powe, Stil

Juncus biglumis

Two-flowered Rush

Juncaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Juncus castaneus
Chestnut Rush

Juncaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Juncus nevadensis

Nevada Rush

Juncaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Lilium philadelphicum
Wood Lily

Liliaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Muhlenbergia andina

Foxtail Muhly

Poaceae

G4/S3

NA

Case, Gall

Muhlenbergia minutissima

Least Muhly

Poaceae

G5/S3

NA

Gall

Muhlenbergia racemosa

Green Muhly

Poaceae

G5/S3

NA

Bigh, Carb, Case, Chot, Cust, Daws, Judi, Phil, Rose, Roos, Stil, Yell

Najas flexilis

Slender Naiad

Najadaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Oryzopsis contracta
(Achnatherum contractum)

Contracted Indian Ricegrass

Poaceae

G3G4/S3

NA

Beav

Panicum lanuginosum

(P. occidentale, Dichanthelium acuminatum)

Western Witchgrass

Poaceae

G5/S3

NA

Case, Deer, Madi

Poa lettermanii

Letterman's Bluegrass

Poaceae

G4/S3

NA

Carb

Scirpus cyperinus
Wool Grass

Cyperaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Scirpus nevadensis

Nevada Bulrush

Cyperaceae

G4/S3

NA

NA

Scirpus pallidus

Pale Bulrush

Cyperaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

Sphenopholis obtusata
Prairie Wedgegrass

Poaceae

G5/S3

NA

Carb, Case, Ferg, Gall, Hill, Judi, McCo, Meag, Park, Silv, Whea

Wolfjia punctata
{W. brasiliensis)

Spotted Water-meal

Lemnaceae

G5/S3

NA

NA

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

36

Preliminary Ranks for Nonvascular Plant Species

BRYOPHYTES

The preliminary ranks for rare bryophytes are based on a
flora compiled for the U.S. Forest Service by Joe Elliott
(1995). This list is largely unchanged from the 2001
publication, except that some global ranks have been
updated. Because nonvascular plants are typically so
under-represented by collection data, the current focus is
on species with the fewest documented Montana records
(S 1 and SH) and several species of highly restricted
habitats. Principle reference collections for Montana
bryophytes are located at the University of Montana
(MONTU), Montana State University (MONT), and the
U.S. Forest Service's Intermountain Research Station
Resource Center Herbarium (MRC) in Missoula. The
"counties of distribution" listed here are incomplete
because not all Montana collection data have been
compiled. Anyone who collects a bryophyte species on this
list or one potentially new to the state is encouraged to
submit a Species of Concern Survey Form and map or a
copy of the collection label information to MTNHP.

LICHENS

The preliminary ranks for rare lichens are based on a
Montana lichen flora being compiled by and status
recommendations from McCune and Rosentreter (in
progress). Their publication will provide much more
information not only on Montana lichens, but also on
species of concern and the patterns of rarity exhibited by
lichens in Montana. Major reference collections for
Montana lichens are located at the University of Montana
and Montana State University, in addition to large
collections at Oregon State University (OSC), Boise State
University (SRP) and the personal herbarium of R.
Rosentreter. Anyone collecting a lichen identified on this
list or potentially new to the state is encouraged to submit a
Species of Concern Survey Form and map or a copy of

collection label information. Location records for lichens
have not yet been entered into the MTNHP databases,
therefore a county distribution is not yet available.

Selected References

Conrad, H.S. and PL. Redfern. 1979. How to know the
mosses and liverworts. Wm. C. Brown Co., Dubuque,
Iowa. 302 pp.

Elliott, J.C. Second checklist of Montana mosses (draft).
Unpublished report to the U.S. Forest Service.
Conservation Biology Research, Helena. 43 pp.

Elliott, J.C. 1995. Rare mosses, rare habitats. Unpublished
report for the 1995 Montana Rare Plant Conference.
Conservation Biology Research, Helena, MT 17 pp.

Lawton, E. 1971. Keys for the identification of the mosses
of the Pacific Northwest (Reprinted from Moss flora of
the Pacific Northwest). Hattori Botanical Lab., Nichinan,
Japan. 66 pp.

McCune, B. and T Goward. 1995. Macrolichens of the
Northern Rocky Mountains. Mad River Press, Inc. Eureka,
CA. 208 pp.

McCune, B. and R. Rosentreter. In progress. Montana
Lichens.

Schofield, W.B. 1992. Some common mosses of British
Columbia. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, B.C.
Canada. 394 pp.

Vitt, D.H., J.E. Marsh and R.B. Bovey. 1988. Mosses,
lichens and ferns of northwest North America. Lone Pine
Publishing, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. 296 pp.

37

© 2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Bryophytes

Scientific Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

County Distribution

Aloina brevirostris

Pottiaceae

G3G5/S1

Flat, Line

Amblyodon dealbatus

Meesiaceae

G3G5/SH

Flat

Andreaea blyttii

Andreaeaceae

G5/S1

Sand

Barbula eustegia

Meteoriaceae

G37/S1

Brachythecium reflexum

Brachytheciaceae

G4G5/S1

Flat, Line

Brachythecium turgidum

Brachytheciaceae

G4/S1

Bryum arcticum

Bryaceae

G57/S2

Bryum calobryoides

Bryaceae

G3/SH

Flat, Lake

Bryum calophyllum

Bryaceae

G57/SH

Bryum dichotomum

Bryaceae

GNR/Sl

Rava

Bryum ionchocaulon

Bryaceae

G57/S1

Bryum pollens

Bryaceae

G4G5/S1

Bryum schleicheri

Bryaceae

G57/S1

Glac

Callicladium haldanianum

Hypnaceae

G5/SH

Calliergon richardsonii

Amblystegiaceae

G4/S1

Glac

Calliergon trifarium

Amblystegiaceae

G4/S1

Flat, Glac

Calliergonella cuspidata

Amblystegiaceae

G5/S1

Flat

Catoscopium nigritum

Catoscopiaceae

G4G5/S1

Cinclidium stygium

Mniaceae

G5/S1

Crumia latifolia

Pottiaceae

G3/S1

Cynodontium tenellum

Dicranaceae

G3G5Q/SH

Dendroalsia abietina

Cryphaeaceae

G4/SH

Desmatodon cernuus

Pottiaceae

G3G5/SH

Desmatodon heimii

Pottiaceae

G5/S1

Rava

Dichodontium olympicum

Dicranaceae

G3G5/S1

Dicranella grevllleana

Dicranaceae

G2G4/S1

Glac

Dicranella heteromalla

Dicranaceae

G57/S1

Flat, Glac

Dicranoweisia cirrata

Dicranaceae

G4/S1

Park

Dicranum acutifolium

Dicranaceae

G57/S1

Rava

Dicranum fragilifolium

Dicranaceae

G4G5/S 1

Flat, Glac, Lake

Dicranum spadiceum

Dicranaceae

G57/S1

Didymodon fallax var. reflexus

Pottiaceae

G5T57/S1

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

38

Bryophytes

Scientific Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

County Distribution

Didymodon rigidulus var. gracilis

Pottiaceae

G5T57/S1

Didymodon vinealis var. brachyphyllus

Pottiaceae

G5TNR/S1

Rava

Distichium inclinatum

Ditrichaceae

G4G5/S1

Glac

Ditrichum ambiguum

Ditrichaceae

G47/SH

Flat

Drepanocladus cardotti (Campylium cardotii)

Amblystegiaceae

G1G2/SH

Entosthodon rubiginosus

Funariaceae

G1G3/SH

Case

Eucladium verticillatum

Pottiaceae

G4/S1

Gran, Powe

Eurhynchium pulchellum var. barnesii

Brachytheciaceae

G5TNR/S1

Lake, Rava

Fabronia pusilla

Fabroniaceae

G4G5/S1

Madi

Fissidens fontanus

Fissidentaceae

G5/S1

Gran

Funaria americana

Funariaceae

G2G3/SH

Case, Meag

Grimmia britloniae

Grimmiaceae

G2/S2

USPS , Flat, Sand

Grimmia incurva

Grimmiaceae

G4G5/S1

Rava

Grimmia mollis

Grimmiaceae

G3G5/S1

Flat, Glac

Hamatocaulis vernicosus

Amblystegiaceae

G5/S1

Herzogiella striatella

Hypnaceae

G4G5/S1

Herzogiella turfacea

Hypnaceae

G4G5/S1

Hygroamblystegium noterophilum

Amblystegiaceae

G4/S1

Hygrohypnum cochlearifolium

Amblystegiaceae

G4/S1

Line

Hypnum callichroum

Hypnaceae

G57/S1

Kiaeria blyttii

Dicranaceae

G5/S1

Flat

Kiaeriafalcata

Dicranaceae

G5/S1

Kiaeria starkei

Dicranaceae

G5/S1

Glac

Leucolepis acanthoneuron

Mniaceae

G4/S1

Line

Limprichtia revolvens

Amblystegiaceae

G4G5/S2

Meesia longiseta

Meesiaceae

G47/S1

Flat

Meesia triquetra

Meesiaceae

G5/S2

USPS

Carb, Flat, Glac, Lake, Line,

Rava, Teto

Meesia uliginosa

Meesiaceae

G4/S1

Flat, Glac

Mielichhoferia macrocarpa

Bryaceae

G2/S1

Myurella tenerrima

Pterigynandraceae

G3G4/S1

Glac

Neckera douglasii

Neckeraceae

G4/S1

Flat, Lake

Neckera pennata

Neckeraceae

G5/S1

39

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Bryophytes

Scientific Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

County Distribution

Oligotrichum aligerum

Polytrichaceae

G5/S1

Line

Orthotrichum praemorsum

Orthotrichaceae

G2/S1

Rava

Oxystegus tenuirostris

Pottiaceae

G4/SH

Paludella squarrosa

Meesiaceae

G3G5/S1

Garb, Plat, Glac

Paraleucobryum enerve

Dicranaceae

G57/S1

Plat, Glac

Paraleucobryum longifolium

Dicranaceae

G5/S1

Plat

Phascum cuspidatum

Pottiaceae

G5/S1

Rava

Physcomitrium hookeri

Funariaceae

G2G4/SH

Plagiobryum demissum

Bryaceae

G3G5/S1

Plagiobryum zieri

Bryaceae

G4G5/S 1

Platyhypnidium riparioides

Brachytheciaceae

G4/S1

Line

Pohlia drummondii

Bryaceae

G3G4/S1

Pohlia obtusifolia

Bryaceae

G2G4/S 1

USPS

Pohlia vexans

Bryaceae

G3G5/SH

Polytrichum lyallii

Polytrichaceae

GU/Sl

Porotrichum bigelovii

Thamnobryaceae

G4/S1

Rava

Pseudocalliergon turgescens

Amblystegiaceae

G3G5/S1

Plat, Glac

Pseudocrossidium obtusulum

Pottiaceae

GU/Sl

Rava

Pterygoneurum lamellatum

Pottiaceae

G3G5/S1

Ptychomitrium gardneri

Ptychomitriaceae

G4/S1

Racomitrium aquaticum

Grimmiaceae

G3Q/S1

Racomitrium brevipes

Grimmiaceae

GU/Sl

Racomitrium pygmaeum

Grimmiaceae

GU/Sl

Line

Sarmenthypnum sarmentosum

Amblystegiaceae

G4G5/S1

Schistostega pennata

Schistostegaceae

G3G4/S1

Scorpidium scorpioides

Amblystegiaceae

G4G5/S2

USPS

Plat, Glac, Lake, Lewi, Line, Miss

Teto

Seligeria donniana

Seligeriaceae

G4G5/S1

Sphagnum angustifolium

Sphagnaceae

G5/S2

Sphagnum centrale

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

Plat

Sphagnum compactum

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

Gran

Sphagnum contortum

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

Plat

Sphagnum fallax

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

40

Bryophytes

Scientific Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

County Distribution

Sphagnum fimbriatum

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

Lewi

Sphagnum fuscum

Sphagnaceae

G5/S2

Sphagnum girgensohnii

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

Sphagnum magellanicum

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

Flat, Miss, Rava

Sphagnum mendocinum

Sphagnaceae

G4/S1

Miss

Sphagnum platyphyllum

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

Sphagnum riparium

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

Miss

Sphagnum subnitens

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

Sphagnum wulfianum

Sphagnaceae

G5/S1

Lake

Stegonia latifolia

Pottiaceae

G4G5/S1

Tayloria acuminata

Splachnaceae

G3G4/SH

Tayloria lingulata

Splachnaceae

G3G5/S1

Glac

Tayloria serrata

Splachnaceae

G4/S1

Madi

Tetraplodon angustatus

Splachnaceae

G4/S1

Lewi

Tetraplodon mnioides

Splachnaceae

G4/S1

Lewi

Thamnobryum neckeroides

Thamnobryaceae

G4/SH

Tortula bartramii

Pottiaceae

G2G4/S 1

Rava

Tortula muralis

Pottiaceae

G5/S1

Tortula norvegica

Pottiaceae

G5/S1

Glac, Lake, Madi

Tortula papulosa

Pottiaceae

G5/S1

Rava, Sand

Trachybryum megaptilum

Brachytheciaceae

G4/S1

Warnstorfia exannulata

Amblystegiaceae

G5/S1

Lichens

Scientific Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

County Distribution

Acarospora scabrida

Acarosporaceae

G3G5/S1S

Adelolecia pilati

Bacidiaceae

G2G4/S 1

Alectoria nigricans

Alectoriaceae

G5/S1

Alectoria ve.xillifera

Alectoriaceae

GNR/S2

Arctoparmelia subcentrifuga

Parmeliaceae

G4G5/S1

41

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Lichens

Scientific Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

County Distribution

Aspicilia arctica

Hymeneliaceae

G2G4/S1

Aspicilia fruticulosa

Hymeneliaceae

G3/S1

Aspicilia myrinii

Hymeneliaceae

G5/S1

Bacidia auerswaldii

Bacidiaceae

GNR/Sl

Bacidia granosa

Bacidiaceae

GNR/S 1

Bacidia vermifera

Bacidiaceae

G2G4/S1

Bryonora castanea

Lecanoraceae

G3G5/S1

Bryoriafriabilis

Parmeliaceae

G3/S2

Bryoria implexa

Parmeliaceae

GNR/Sl

Bryoria nadvornikiana

Parmeliaceae

G3G5/S1

Bryoria simplicior

Parmeliaceae

G3G5/S2

Bryoria subdivergens

(Nodobryoria subdivergens)

Parmeliaceae

G2/S1

USPS

Line, Rava

Bryoria tortuosa

Parmeliaceae

G5/S1

Buellia badia

Physciaceae

G37/S1

Cetraria subalpina

{Tuckermannopsis subalpina)

Parmeliaceae

G37/S2

USPS

Flat, Line, Powe, Sand

Chaenotheca cinerea

Coniocybaceae

GNR/S 1

Chaenotheca subroscida

Coniocybaceae

G3G4/S1

Cladina mitis

Cladoniaceae

G5/S1

Cladina rangiferina

Cladoniaceae

G5/S1

Cladonia botrytes

Cladoniaceae

G5/S1

Cladonia digitata

Cladoniaceae

G3G5/S1

Cladonia transcendens

Cladoniaceae

G5/S1

Cladonia uncialis

Cladoniaceae

G4G5/S1

Clioslomum leprosum

Bacidiaceae

GNR/S 1

Collema curtisporum

Collemataceae

G3/S1

USPS

Flat, Glac, Lake, Sand

Collenia polycarpon

Collemataceae

GNR/S2

Cornicularia normoerica

Usneaceae

G3G5/S1

Cyphelium karelicum

Caliciaceae

GNR/Sl

Dactylina madreporiformis

Parmeliaceae

GNR/S2

Dactylina ramulosa

Parmeliaceae

G4G5/S2

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

42

Lichens

Scientific Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

County Distribution

Dimelaena ihysanota

Buelliaceae

GNR/S 1

Diploschistes diacapsis

Thelotremataceae

G4G5/S1

Endocarpon pulvinatum

Verrucariaceae

G4G5/S2

Endocarpon tortuosum

Verrucariaceae

GNR/S 2

Euopsis granatina

Lichinaceae

G37/S1

Evernia divaricata

Parmeliaceae

G4G5/S1

Farnoldia micropsis

Porpidiaceae

G3G5/S1

Flavopuncteliaflaventior

Parmeliaceae

G5/S1

Gyalectafoveolaris

Gyalectaceae

G3G5/S1

Gyalectajenensis

Gyalectaceae

G3G4/S 1

Hypogymnia enteromorpha

Parmeliaceae

G4/S2

Hypogymnia inactiva

Parmeliaceae

G3/S1

Imshaugia aleurites

Parmeliaceae

G5/S1

Japewia tornoensis

Bacidiaceae

G4G5/S1

Lecaniafuscella

Bacidiaceae

GNR/S 1

Lecanora beringii

Lecanoraceae

G3G4/S 1

Lecanora umbrosa

Lecanoraceae

GNR/S 1

Lecidea dolodes

Lecideaceae

G4/S2

Lecidea myriocarpoides

Lecideaceae

G3G5/S1

Lecidea paddensis

Lecideaceae

GNR/S 1

Lecidella effugiens

Lecanoraceae

GNR/S 1

Leptogium subtile {L. minutissimum)

CoUemataceae

GNR/S 1

Leptogium tenuissimum

CoUemataceae

GNR/S 2

Lobaria hallii

Lobariaceae

G47/S2

Lobaria linita

Lobariaceae

G4G5/S1

Lobaria scrobiculata

Lobariaceae

G3G4/S1

Melanelia commixta (Cetraria commixta)

Pareliaceae

GNR/S 1

Melanelia septentrionalis

Parmeliaceae

G3G5/S1

Micarea ternaria

Micareaceae

G1G2/S1

Miriquidica garovaglii

Lecanoraceae

GNR/S 1

Mycobilimbia sabuletorum
(Bacidia sabuletorum)

Porpidiaceae

G4G5/S1

43

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Lichens

Scientific Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

County Distribution

Neofuscelia loxodes

Parmeliaceae

G3G5/S1

Neofuscelia subhosseana

Parmeliaceae

G4G5/S2

Parmeliafraudans

Parmeliaceae

G4G5/S1

Parmelia omphalodes

Parmeliaceae

G2G4/S1

Panneliella triptophylla

Pannariaceae

G3G5/S1

Peltula polyspora

Peltulaceae

G3G5/S1

Pertusaria amara

Pertusariaceae

G57/S1

Pertusaria saximontana

Pertusariaceae

G3G5/S1

Pertusaria sommerfeltii

Pertusariaceae

G4G5/S1

Phaeophyscia ciliata

Physciaceae

G4G5/S1

Phaeophyscia kairanioi

Physciaceae

G3G4/S1

Phaeorrhiza sareptana

Physciaceae

GNR/Sl

Physcia semipinnata

Physciaceae

G5/S1

Platismatia stenophylla

Parmeliaceae

G2G4/S1

Pseudocyphellaria anomala

Lobariaceae

G2G4/S1

Psora rubiformis

Psoraceae

G3G5/S1

Psorotichia nigra

Lichinaceae

GNR/S 1

Psorotichia schaereri

Lichinaceae

GNR/S 1

Ramalina farinacea

Ramalinaceae

G3G5/S2

Ramalina pollinaria

Ramalinaceae

G2G4/S1

Rhizocarpon hochstetteri

Rhizocarpaceae

G4G5/S1

Rhizocarpon intermediellum

Rhizocarpaceae

G2G4/S1

Rhizocarpon polycarpum

Rhizocarpaceae

G3G5/S1

Rhizoplaca haydenii

Lecanoraceae

G2G3/S1

Solorina bispora

Peltigeraceae

G3G5/S1

Solorina octospora

Peltigeraceae

G3G5/S1

Solorina saccata

Peltigeraceae

G3G5/S2

Solorina spongiosa

Peltigeraceae

G3G5/S1

Sporastatia polyspora

Acarosporaceae

G3G5/S1

Stereocaulon paschale

Stereocaulaceae

G5/S1

Toninia alutacea

Catillariaceae

G4G5/S1

Toninia Candida

Catillariaceae

G3G5/S2

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

44

Lichens

Scientific Name

Family Name

Global/State
Rank

Federal
Status

County Distribution

Toninia ruginosa

Catillariaceae

G3G5/S2

Tuckermannopsis sepincola
{Cetraria sepincola)

Parmeliaceae

G5/S2

Umbilicaria havaasii

Umbilicariaceae

G3/S1

Umbilicaria hirsuta

Umbilicariaceae

G2G4/S1

Umbilicaria lambii

Umbilicariaceae

G2G4/S1

Umbilicaria muehlenbergii

Umbilicariaceae

G5/S1

Umbilicaria polyrhiza

Umbilicariaceae

G2G3/S1

Usnea cavernosa

Parmeliaceae

G3G5/S1

Verrucaria calkinsiana

Verrucariaceae

GNR/Sl

Xanthoparmelia angustiphylla

Parmeliaceae

G5/S1

Xanthoparmelia montanensis

Parmeliaceae

G5/S1

45

2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program

Montana Counties

Plant Species of Concern Survey Form

MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM -2005 Revision
P.O. Box 201800, 1515 E. Sixth Avenue, Helena, MT 59620-1800

At a minimum complete all fields in Bold and provide at least 1 of the following; Township/Range/Section data, GPS coordinates or a

photocopy of a topographic or other detailed map with the occurrence accurately marked. Please provide as much detail as possible for the

remaining fields. Further details on completing this form are available at http://mtnhp.org.

Scientific Name: Survey Date: I /

Observer(s):

Site Name: County:

USGSOuad: TRSData.

OwnersPiip (Include contact info for private property):

Directions to site:

Occurrence Data
Total Number: of nindivldual plants □stems dclumps Basis: dactual count □estimate

If the occurrence is composed of multiple, discrete areas (subpopulations) record the number of subpopulations:

Number of Subpopulations: and the population estimate/count for each: 1 . 2. 3.

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

"Total of subpopulation estimates/counts should equal the Total Number listed above**

Survey Extent: Are you reasonably confident that the area surveyed and mapped represents the full extent of the population?
□Yes QNo □Uncertain If No or Uncertain, describe the un-surveyed area (extent, location):

Comments:

Pfienology (%): Vegetative/Pre-flower: Flowering/Budding: Fruiting/Dispersed:

Comments:

Voucher Specimens? (collector, # and repository):

ID Verified by? Photo Available? Qplant photo □habitat photo

Comments:

Topographic IVIap: Attach a photocopy of the pertinent survey area from a USGS quad map or other detailed map if available and indicate
on the map the exact point locations or boundaries of the observed population or subpopulations, numbered to correspond to the
subpopulation numbers above.

47

Habitat and Site Data

If the occurrence is composed of subpopulations, the following information should be recorded for each subpopulation (on separate sheets
labeled with the subpopulation number) if the data is variable across subpopulations or as needed to thoroughly document the occurrence.

Elevation: (average or range):

Slope (average or range in %)

Aspect: QN DNE DE DSE DS DSW DW DNW (check all that apply)

Parent Material:

Soil Texture/Type:

Dominant Species (highest % cover)

Exotic Species (species and 'abundance)

1: _
2: _
3: _
4: _
5: _
6: _
7: _
8: _
9: _
10:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

'Abundance codes for exotic species within or immediately adjacent to the occurrence are: Rare, Infrequent, Occasional,

Frequent, and Abundant

General Site Description (habitat, vegetation community, topography, etc):

Disturbances/Land use/Threats:

GPS Coordinates: Datum: nNAD27 QNADSS UTM Zone:

Northing/Latitude:

Additional Coordinates or Waypoints:

Easting/Longitude:

48

MONTANA

^ Natural Heritage
^^qtate Itil^ Natural R^ouice

Ibrar

Library ^3n]^ Informatkm System

The preferred citation for this document is:

Montana Natural Heritage Program. 2006. Plant Species of Concern. MTNHP, Helena. 48 pp.