CHRONOLOGY

345

1493 Papal Bull dividing the \Vorld between Spain and

Portugal.

1493—1556 St. Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Society of Jesus.
1497—1533 Hans Halbein.
1498 Vasco da Gama reached Calicut.

1503—13 Pope Julius II.
1505—72 -John Knox.
1509—64 Calvin.

1512 Portuguese reached Java and Moluccas.

1513 Balboa saw Pacific Ocean across Panama.
1513—21 Pope Leo X.

1517 Luther's challenge (95 theses).

1519 Magellan at Strait of Magellan.

1519—21 Conquest of Mexico by Cortez.
1520—21 Luther excommunicated and banned.
1520—66 Zenith of Ottoman power.

1526 First Battle of Panipat: Mughal Empire founded

by Babur.

Diet of Spier.

1529—36 Reformation Parliament.
1531 Zwingli killed in the battle of Kappel.

Conquest of Peru by Pizarro.
1533—92 Montaigne.
1545-63 Council of Trent.
1546—1601 Tycho Brahe.
1547—1616 Cervantes.
1547—59 Henry II (France).
1552—99 , Edmund Spenser (poet).
1559—98 Religious Wars in France.
1560—1626 Francis Bacon.
1564—1616 Shakespeare.
1564—1642 Galileo.
1572 St. Bartholomew's Day : Huguenots massacred in

France.

1588 Spanish Armada routed by the English.

1598 Edict of Nantes : toleration granted to Huguenots.