CONTENTS. XIX

Pages 64. Map-making........ xii
66. The influence of Delphi on colonisation . . xii
69. Europe and Asia....... xii
70. Hecataeus........ xiii
73. Hecataeus on Spain...... xiii
73. The Araxes........ xiii
75. Herodotus........ xiii
84. Herodotus and the Alps..... xiii
84. Alpis and Carpis....... xiii
85. Rivers of South Russia...... xiv
87, 88. The Argippaei and others..... xiv
go. The Royal Road....... xiv
95. Dumb commerce . ..... xv
96, The Troglodyte Aethiopians .... xv
96,97. The expedition of the Nasamones. xv
99-101. The circumnavigation of Africa .... xv
101. Scylax of Caryanda...... xvi
103. The voyage of Sataspes...... xvi
104-109. The expedition of Hanno..... xvi
109,110. The expedition of Himilco..... xvii
109. Avienus......... xvii
no. Albion and Hierne...... xvii
112-118. The retreat of the Ten Thousand .... xviii
118-120. The 'Periplus' of Scylax..... xviii
120,121. The bifurcation of the I ster..... xviii
135,136. Mistakes concerning the Jaxartes. . . . xviii
136. Patrocles on the Caspian Sea .... xviii
137. The fortress of Aornus...... xix
138. Alexander's turning point..... xix
141-143. The voyage of Nearchus..... xx
146. The Red Sea canal...... xx
147. Ptolemaic colonies in Somaliland ... xx
147, 148. Megasthenes....... xx
152-164. The voyage of Pytheas. : xx
155. Travel by the N. coast of Spain .... xxi
156. Ictis......... xxi
157. Pytheas' measurement of Britain.... xxi
158. Pytheas' visit to the German coast xxi
159. Tides in Pentland Firth ..... xxi