ADDITIONAL NOTES. XI
P. 57, n. i
According to some scholars it was also under the second
Psammitichus (593-588 B.C.) that the colony at Naucratis was
founded. But the traditional date has been confirmed by finds of
Naucratite pottery which are certainly anterior to 600 B.C. See
P. N. Ure, The Origin of'Tyranny\ pp. 103-116.
P. 58,1. 3. Colaeus
Colaeus was making for Egypt, when a persistent easterly gale
bore him off to the Straits of Gibraltar (Herodotus, 4. 152).
A similar adventure befell the Portuguese mariner Pedro Cabral
in 1500 A.D. In an attempt to repeat Vasco da Gama's voyage to
India Cabral was blown by the trade-winds from West Africa to
Brazil, and thus became one of the discoverers of South America.
From the name 'O^iovcro-a, which was given to C. Roca near
Lisbon, it may be inferred that occasional Greek seafarers
proceeded beyond Tartessus, presumably in quest of the Atlantic
tin lands. From an ambiguous passage in Pliny (7. i^\pluwJbum
(sc. alburn^ i.e. tin) ex Cassiteride insula primum adportamt Mida-
critus, it may perhaps be concluded that a Greek skipper named
Midacritus went as far as Cornwall. But Pliny possibly meant to
say no more than that Midacritus brought home a cargo of Cornish
tin from the entrep6t of Tartessus.
Pp. 60, 6x. Xanthus of Lydia
Xanthus also observed fossilised shells at various points in the
interior of Asia Minor, and he correctly deduced therefrom that
these inland regions had once been under the sea (Strabo, i. 3. 4,
p. 49). With this acute remark Xanthus laid the foundations of
geology. But this science was never studied by the Greeks in the
same systematic manner as geography.
P. 63,1.2. The supposed rise of the Nile out of the Ocean
In accordance with this theory, Hecataeus used the Nile to
bring the Argonauts home from the Ocean into the Mediterranean
(fr. i8a, Jacoby).
.P. 63,1. 31. The Nile inundations
". .These are not due in any great measure to the White Nile,
whose flood water is largely dissipated in the swamps above