INDEX.

Palm-trees, imported into Greece, 39;

at Jericho, a 59

Palmyra, described by Pliny, 266
Pamir, mountains of the, 134; source

of the Oxus in, 134
Pannonia, trade route through, 32;
conquered by the Romans, 234;
Roman road through, 304
Panormus, 54
Panticapaeum, 49
Paraetonium, 128
Parallels (see Latitude)
Parmenides, his theory of zones, 60
Parmenio, 126
Parnassus, meaning of its 'twin

peaks,; 3*4
Paropamisus range, 133; crossed by

Alexander, 134, 137
Parthia, Alexander in, 131
Pasitigris, river, 143
Pataliputra, 148, 150
Patrocles, on the connexion between
the Caspian and the Indian Ocean,
136; Strabo's authority for north-
eastern Asia, 257

Pattala, depot of Alexander at, 138
Pausanias, 353 foil.; his ' Itinerary of
Greece,' 354; his resemblance to
Herodotus, £54; his accuracy, 355;
his illustrations of physical geo-
graphy, 355 j his descriptions of
fountains, 355; of caverns, 356; of
trees, 357; his descriptions of
Olympia and Delphi, 358; routes
which h« followed in Greece, 359;
contents of his book, 359; question
of hfs veracity, 360—62
Pearl fishery, in the Persian Gulf, 142
Pelham, Prof., on the Roman fron-
tier system, 294

Pelion, Mt., ancient description of its
vegetation, 201; measurement of
the height of, 336
Pentland Firth, rise of the tide in,

159

' Periegesis' of Dionysius Periegetes,
its date, 281; its general geography,
, 282; its contents, 283—o; remarks
upon it, 286

* Periodos,' name of Hecataeus1 geo-
graphical work, 71
'Periplus/ofHanno, 104; ofScylax,
118; doubts as to its genuineness,
119, 120; 'Periplus of the Eryth-
raean Sea,' 274—81; of Arrian, 294
Persepolis, occupied by Alexander,
130; his return to, 140

Persian Gulf, not known to Hero-
dotus, 81; pearl fishery in, 142
Persian kingdom, Herodotus1 account
of, drawn from a statistical docu-
ment, S3
Persis, mountains of, 130; its three
regions described by Strabo, 359
IVucclaotis, 137
Peutinger Table, the, ,$10—12
Thaeacia, not to be identified with
Corfu, 27
Phacthon, story of the sisters of, 33
Phanagoria, 49, 68
Pharos, island, in Homer, 26; visited
by Alexander, t28; protection af-
forded by it to the harbours of
Alexandria, 146
Phasiani, tribe, 116
Phasis, town of, 49
Phasis, river, regarded as the boun-
dary between Europe and A*»ia,
68, 82; Xenophon's name for the
Araxcs, 117
Philip V. of Macedon, his ascent of
llacmus, 322; his beacon stations,
33*
Philon, determined the latitude of
Mcroe, 175
Phocaeans, their bold navigation, 54;
their foundation of Massilia, 55
Phoenicians, theiv early maritime 'im-
portance, 4; their settlements in
the Aegean, 5; in Africa and
Sicily, o, 54; at Codes, 7; their
selfish policy, 7; trees imported by
them into Greece, 40; supposed to
have circumnavigated Africa, 99;
their connexion with the tin and
amber trades, 33, 36, 154
Physical Geography, the subjects it
treats of, 2; early speculations on,
60 foil.; treatment of the subject
in antiquity, 184 foil, j interest of
Polybius in, 210; of Strabo, 245;
Pausanias' illustrations of, 355
Pindar, on Delphi as the centre of
the earth, 65; on the story of
Lynceus, 328
Plane-tree, imported into Greece from
Asia Minor, 40
Pliny, his life, 263; character of his
'Natural History,' 264; its sta-
tistical geography, 265; on the
Romans as geographers, 13; on
the trade-route through Pannonia,
32; his explanation of the story of
the sisters of Phaethoiv 34. on the'