384

INDEX.

Red Sea, mistakes about its width,
102; stations established on by the
Ptolemies, 146

Retreat of the Ten Thousand, in
foil.

Rha, river (Volga), first mentioned
by Ptolemy, 351

Rhapta, 353

Rhegium, 51; meaning of the name,
197

Rhinoceroses, in the Soudan, 353

Rhodaune, river, 34

Richards, Mr G, C., on Pausanias'
veracity, 363

Rio do Ouro, 104

Rivers, disappearance of in Greece,
10; their character, as described
by Aristotle and others, 195—7

Roads, the Roman, their importance
to geography, 235; description of
them, 209 foil.; (see Royal Road)

Roman Empire, its natural limits,
293; its frontier defences, 293 foil.

Roman geographers, few and inferior,
13, 261; Strabo's and Pliny's opin-
ions of them, 13

Rome, first mentioned in the ' Peri-
plus' of Scylax, 120; Strabo's de-
scription of, 254

Royal Road, in India, 150; in Persia,
90; its course through Asia Minor,
90; through Cilicia, Armenia, Ma-
tiene, and Cissia, 91

Sagres, Mt* 108

Sahara, the, 97, 291; crossed by
Julius* Maternus, 353

St. Michael's Mount, 156

Sallust, on the common source of the
Euphrates and Tigris, 272; his de-
scription of a mountain climb, 325

Samarcand, 135

Samos, meaning of the name, 5

Samosata, 298

Sargasso Sea, in, 112

Saspires, 83

Satala, 298

Sataspes, voyage of, probably au-
thentic, 103

Satibarzanes, satrap of Aria, 133

Sauromatae, 86

Scandinavia, regarded as an island,
289

Sciapodes, 74

Scilly Islands, 37

Scotland, erroneous position of on
Ptolemy's map, 347

Scylax of Caryamla, 74; his voyage,
80, 101; improbability of it, ror;
the so-called 'Pcriplus' of, 118
Scylla and Charyhclis, an embodi-'
ment of the dangers of the Straits
of Messina, 28
Scythia, Herodotus' knowledge of,
84, 85; position of tribes in, 85
Seistan, Lake, 130, 133
Sclcucus Nicator, his empire in the
East, 148; cedes the Indus valley
to Chandragupta, 148
Sclinus, 54
Sembritae, 93, 147, 173
Seneca, on Nero's expedition to the
Nile, 292; on Etna, 319
Senegal River, 106
Septimius Flaccus, his expedition
into Aethiopia, 353
Sera, city of, in China, 342, 352
Scrica, origin of the name, 281
Shape of the earth, primitive views
concerning the, 50, 60; arguments
in favour of its sphericity, 167, 168
Sherboro Sound, 108
Sicels, the, akin to the Greeks, 53
Sidon, meaning of the name, 4;
mentioned in Homer, 25
Signalling, development of the art
of» 333—5
Silk, brought from China, 281
Sinope, an early trading-station, 47;
colonised by the Milesians, 47;
described by Polybius, 212; its
position compared to that of Car-
thage, 47
Sirdar Pass, 131
Sir Daria, river, 135
Siris, name of a portion of the Nile,
283
" Sleeping-place of the Sun," 159
Sobat, river, 292
Socotra, 270
Sogjdiana, 135
Solimis, his 'Memorabilia,' 364; its
influence in the middle ages, 365;
modern estimate of, 365
Soloeis, prom., 94, 103, 105
Somaliland, 147
Soudan, the, expeditions to, men-
tioned by Ptolemy, 352, 353
Southern Horn, in Africa, 108
Southern Ocean, belief in the con-
tinuity of the, 80
Spain, Roman conquest of, 226 foil.;
Strabo's description of, 252; chief
Roman road in, 300