THE KINGDOM OF THE ZULU 55
subordinate tools of Government. Government, too, does much work that the chiefs cannot do.
The opposition is synthesized by co-operation in everyday activities; by the position that an individual white official wins in the people's esteem so that he conies even to stand for them against Government, i.e. he enters the black, as opposed to the white, colour-group; and by the attempt of the people to exploit the opposed political authorities to their own advantage. In addition, divisions of each large group into political groups and opposed groups with conflicting ideals and interests act to weaken each group within itself and to lessen the main opposition. Members of dissident black groups, or individuals supporting Government in some matter, may be said to be supporters of the magistrate against the chief. In these ways social, economic, and other ties between Zulu and Europeans are bringing the Zulu more and more to accept white rule.
Within the one political organization there are officials, white and black, who have entirely different positions in the people's life and whose bases of power are different. These officials represent values which may be contradictory. By their allegiance in different situations to the officials representing each set of values, the people are prevented from being faced with a patent conflict of these values. Nevertheless, as the chief's material power is puny compared with Government's, the position he occupies is largely a centre for psychological satisfaction only and white domination is accepted by the Zulu, resignedly hostile.1
1 Since this essay was written, Dr. Hilda Kuper's book An African Aristocracy: Rank Among the Szvazi, has appeared (1947). Dr. Kuper's book gives important comparative material for an understanding of the political institutions of the Nguni-speaking Bantu.