all malice, falsehood, pride and covetousness has its root from the dark world ; it is the property of the dark world, whether it be recognized in men or beasts. 17. For this world rests upon the foundation of the dark world. The dark world gives to this world essence, will and quality. And had not the good been introduced also at creation, there would be no other doing or will in this world than in the dark world. But the divine power and the sun's light hinder that. As is to be seen among men and beasts, how there is a biting, hating and striking, and an arrogant self-will, each wishing to rule over the other, to kill and devour the other, and elevate itself alone ; also to trample upon every- thing with guile, wrath, malice and falsehood, and make itself lord. 13. In like manner the dark world has such a property. What all wicked men in this world do in their malice and falsehood, that also the devils do in the dark world ; and what the poisonous evil worms and beasts in their malignity do, that also the other creatures do in the dark world. Though they are without such a body, yet they have such a property in their spiritual body; and though they have a body, yet it is after the fashion of spirit, as the devils have one. 19. The birth, being, essence and dominion of the dark world lies principally in the first four brms of Nature, viz. in the source of anguish, in tn exceedingly strong and powerful dominion, vsrhere all in the essence is divulged. For gentleness