182

Metal
No.

Obverse

Reverse

M
SO

As on No. 29. As on No. 29.

G.B.

S. -6.

Unrepresented type:

As type (a), but with Nike on the reverse. M
Cunningham, Coins of the Kushan$f p. 65,

little coins deserve to be reckoned among the most remarkable of recent numismatic
discoveries. They add two specimens to the short list of Kusana coins bearing the image
of Buddha, and prove that the introduction of that imag© in its conventional form does not
date from th© reign of Kaniska, but goes back at least to the reign of Kadaphes, one of his
predecessors. ... These Buddha pieces are assigned to Kadaphes on account of the legend
XOPANCY, which is distinct on one of them, and which is peculiar to the coins of
Kadaphes.' The seated Buddha occupies one side, while the other, according to Mr. Vincent
Smith, bears a Siva and bull design. Later on he published a third similar Buddha coin of
Kadaphes, of the Zeus (described by Mr. Vincent Smith as a king or god) instead of the $iva
and bull type—Part III of ' Numismatic Notes and Novelties', J.A.S.B., 1898. There was
a good specimen In the White King Collection, Sale Catalogue, Part I, No. 360 (illustrated in
Plate IV) ; I possess four specimens, and have seen two or three more. But all these latter
are of the Zeus type, and I think that a careful examination of the Plate illustrating Part II
of tNumismatic Notes and Novelties', and comparison with the reproductions of the Zeus
type, will show that the two specimens first published are identical in type with the later
ones, and that all are of one and the same type—that of Buddha, and the king or god usually
called Zeus, cp, the obverse design of coins JB.lf. Cat, PL XXIII. 2 and 3, and XXIV. 1.

As regards the legends. The White King coin plainly shows the Kharosthi aksaras

------la Kadctpftasa------, while one of my specimens has - - - sanasa-----. The words Xteyufa

Kadaphasa Khusanasa at once suggest themselves, and the legend is probably completed by
one more word. The new name-form Kadaphasa is interesting. If the name Kadaphes
is only another form of Kadphises, and if the ruler Kadaphes is identical with Kadphises I,
a view suggested by Cunningham and J. Marquart, and followed by Mr, Vincent Smith in
Part I of the Indian Museum Catalogue, we have the four different Kharosthi forms of the
name—Kasa (on the ordinary Kadphises I coins), Kaphsa (on the ordinary tKadaphes*
coins), Kadapha on these Buddha coins, and Kati on the * Macedonian soldier' type of
Kadphises I—see coin No. IV of Part III of 'Numismatic Notes and Novelties'. Our only
evidence is the coins, and these exhibit four different names in the Kharosthi and two in
th© 0reek.

^ On pp. 208 and 209 of his j&On&ftr, Berlin, 1901, J. Marquart discusses the legends on the
coins of Kadphises and Kadaphes. The Kharosthi Kusanayavugasa or Ehusanasayausa has
the Greek equivalent XOPANCY ZAOOY, and means 'of the jctogu of "the Kushans*.
Jdbgu is a well-known Turkish word for 'leader' or «king*. See also Mr. J. Kennedy, 'The
Secret of Kanishka*, J.R.A.8., 1912, pp. 669,1002, and 1008. Marquart holds that KOZOAA
KAAAcDEC is merely a variant of KDZDYADY K AA<DIZDY, from a compound name
Kujula Kadphises. It is held that Kujula Kadphises reigned for quit© fifty years, and
a variety of types is to be expected.