DA
690
S54D78

DRAKE'S
ROAD BOOK
OF THE
SHEFFIELD & ROTHERHAM
RAILWAY

THE LIBRARY
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES

Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2007 with funding from
Microsoft Corporation

http://www.archive.org/details/drakesroadbookofOOdrakiala

View of Rotherham Station

DEDICATED, BY PERMISSION, TO THE CHAIRMAN AND DIRECTORS OF THE
SHEFFIELD AND ROTHERHAM RAILWAY COMPANY.

DRAKE'S
ROAD BOOK
OF THE
SHEFFIELD AND ROTHERHAM
RAILWAY:

WITH A VISITER'S GUIDE TO THE TOWNS OF
SHEFFIELD AND ROTHERHAM.

Illustrated by a map and engravings

LONDON:
HAYWARD AND MOORE.

BIRMINGHAM: JAMES DRAKE, 62, NEW STREET. SHEFFIELD: WILLIAM
SAXT0N. ROTHERHAM: J. HINCHLIFFE.

1840.

ENTERED AT STATIONERS’ HALL.

BIRMINGHAM :
PRINTED BY JAMES DRAKE, 52, NEW STREET.

TO THE CHAIRMAN AND DIRECTORS
OF THE
SHEFFIELD AND ROTHERHAM RAILWAY COMPANY,

This Volume
IS
BY PERMISSION, RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED,
BY THE
AUTHOR AND PUBLISHER.

May 21st, 1840.

647044

STANZAS

ON THE OPENING OF THE
SHEFFIELD AND ROTHERHAM RAILWAY.

BY EBENEZER ELLIOTT,

They come! the shrieking steam ascends,
Slow moves the banner'd train ;
They rush! the tow'ring vapour bends ;
The kindled wave again
Screams over thousands, thronging all
To witness now the funeral
Of law-created pain.

Behold it, Osgathorpe, (a) behold!
Look down, and cry, All hail!
Skies! brighten into blue and gold.
O'er all the living vale!
Pale, ling'ring foxglove! you, ye trees!
Thou, wood of Tinsley! tell the breeze,
That Hell's dark cheek turns pale!

For Mind shall vanquish time and space,
Bid east and west shake hands,
Bring over ocean face to face,
Earth's ocean-sever'd strands;
And on his path of iron bear
Words, that shall wither in despair,
The tyrants of all lands.

Eternal river! (b) roaring still,
As roar'd thy foamy wave,
When first each wild rose-skirted rill
Heard moorland echoes rave, —
Thou seest, amid thy meadows green.
The goodliest sight that earth hath seen,
Since man made fire his slave.

Fire kindling man! how weak wast thou!
Ere thou hadst conquer'd fire!
How like a worm, on Canklow's brow,
Thou shrank'st from winter's ire!
Or heard'st the torrent-gathering night
Awake the wolf with thee to fight,

Where these broad shades aspire!

(a) Osgathorpe, Canklow, Winco, and Tinsley, are hills and woods, portions
of the scene,
(b) The Don.

VI STANZAS.

But he whom cold and hunger ban,
Whom law and ease belie,
Who vainly asks his fellow-man
For leave to toil and die,
Is sadder, weaker, than wast thou,
When, naked here, on Winco's brow,
Thou didst the wolf defy!

In vain thou mak'st the fire a slave,
That works, and will not tire;
And burn'st the flame-destroying wave,
And rid'st on harness'd fire;
In vain, if millions toil unfed,
And Crompton's children, begging bread,
Wealth-hated, curse their sire.

Fire-kindling man! thy life-stream runs,
Ev'n yet, through sighs and groans ;
Too long thy Watts and Stephensons
With brains have fatten'd drones!
O Genius! all too long, too oft,
At thee the souls of clay have scoff'd.
And sold thy little ones! (c)

Sold them to misery's dungeon-gloom,
To rapine's menial blow,
To beggary's brawl-fill'd lodging-room,
Where famine curses wo ;
Then to the pest-den's workhouse floor,
To which good Christians send the poor,
By stages sure and slow.

But lo! the train! On! onward! still
Loud shrieks the kindled wave;
And back fly hamlet, tree, and hill,
White steam, and banners brave;
And thoughts on vapoury wings are hurl'd,
To shake old thrones, and change a world,
And dig Abaddon's grave.

Eternal river! roaring now,
As erst, in earliest years.
Ere grief began, with youthful brow,
To live an age of tears;
Thou hear'st, beneath thy forests high,
A voice of power, that will not die,
While man bath hopes and fears.

He, conquering fire, and time, and space,
Bids east and west join hands,
Brings over ocean face to face,
Earth's ocean-sever'd strands;
And on his iron rod will bear
Words that shall wither in despair,
The tyrants of all lands.

(c) I do not believe that men of genius are less able than other men to gain
their living; but if they attempt more, they are more liable to failure; but if
they live where men are robbed of three-fourths of their earnings is it sur-
prising that they do not thrive?

MAP OF THE
SHEFFIELD & ROTHERHAM
RAILWAY
AND ADJACENT COUNTRY,
Engraved For
DRAKE’S ROAD BOOK,
Of The Sheffield & Rotherham Railway

THE
ROAD BOOK
OF THE
SHEFFIELD AND ROTHERHAM RAILWAY.

CHAPTER I.

HISTORICAL ACCOUNT.

The Sheffield and Rotherham Railway is a monument
of the public spirit and enterprise of its projectors of
which they may well be proud. Severe was the
contest which they had to maintain in the commence-
ment of their great undertaking, and flourishing and
honourable are the laurels which now rest on their
brows. Could we add one floweret to that garland
of honour, we should consider we had performed a
worthy act. But our aim at present is higher than
this. Our object in writing this volume is not to
weave a wreath for the railway Company, but to carry
out still further their praiseworthy designs. They
have done all that Science and Art could teach them,
to add lightning to the feet of the traveller. We
would now humbly profess that we intend, by the aid
of Minerva, Apollo, the muses, and all the deities that
smile propitiously upon the wielders of the grey goose

2 HISTORICAL ACCOUNT.

quill, to render his flight still more rapid. This we
shall endeavour to do by cunningly beguiling each
moment as it flies. Courteous traveller, we lay our
volume at thy feet, — vouchsafe to make it the com-
panion of thy journey. It will give to thy passage
a quicker appearance; and, wherein is that less bene-
ficial than making it actually more rapid? What
would it avail thee were thy journey performed in as
short a time as the head of Bagdad's monarch was
immersed in the water-tub of the learned dervish, if
that brief moment were crowded, as in his case, with
the sorrows and toils of seven long dreary years?

Away, however, with this trifling, and to our task.
Attend, then, in the first place, gentle reader, to the
following brief Historical Account of the Sheffield and
Rotherham railway, — its origination, its progress and
completion, and its subsequent successful operation.

The project of constructing a railway between Shef-
field and Rotherham was first brought before the
public in the month of July, 1834. The principal
design of its projectors appears to have been, to
render coal cheaper at Sheffield ; and the saving upon
which they calculated, was £30,000 per annum. The
bill to invest the directors with the necessary powers,
was first brought before parliament by Lord Morpeth,
on the 11th of March, 1835.

It was strongly opposed by the Duke of Norfolk, a
few other landed proprietors, the Canal Company, and
the River Don Company. One hundred and twenty
highly respectable inhabitants of Rotherham also
united with its opponents, and petitioned against it, on
the ground that it would probably have the effect of

HISTORICAL ACCOUNT. 3

causing the idle, drunken, and dissolute portion of the
Sheffield community to flock to Rotherham. The
railway Company, however, carried the day, being
strenuously supported by the people of Sheffield, and
also by the majority of the inhabitants of Rotherham.
Upon the committee dividing on the preamble of the
bill, two appeared against it, and twelve in its favour.
On the 10th of June the committee reported the bill to
the House; and on the 23rd it was read a third time
and sent up to the Lords.

In the Upper House the Duke of Norfolk's influence
proved more formidable ; and on the 27th of July, the
advocates of the bill had the mortification of beholding
it thrown out in committee by a majority of 7 to 5.

Not at all daunted by the failure of their first
attempt, the Company were soon in a condition again
to take the field. On the 12th of February, 1836,
their bill was a second time introduced into the House
of Commons; on the 28th it passed through com-
mittee without a division; and on the 14th of April,
having been read a third time in the lower House, it
was again launched into the perilous seas where it had
previously been stranded. Skilful was the piloting
which was necessary in order to steer it into the now
not distant haven. Twice it was read without oppo-
sition. On the 21st it went into committee. Here all
the power of the opposition was brought to bear
against it; and every nerve was strained by its ad-
vocates in order to bear it successfully through.
Amongst other objections it was urged, that the deed
executed by the shareholders in 1834 was invalid,
owing to its not including the Greasborough branch,

4 HISTORICAL ACCOUNT.

for which this was the first time of making application.
This compelled the company to solicit time to prepare
a new deed; and with a little difficulty they obtained
a postponement of the question until May the 9th.
During this short interval, by means of great exertions,
the new deed was prepared and signed. At the ap-
pointed time the company were again before the com-
mittee ; and two days afterwards obtained a favourable
decision. Having been reported to the House of Lords
the bill was immediately read a third time; and on the
4th of July received the royal assent. Thus terminated
successfully the company's parliamentarian conflicts,
after having lasted from the 11th of March, 1835, to
the 4th of July, 1836. By the act then obtained,
authority was given to raise a capital of £100,000, in
4,000 shares of £25. each, and £30,000 on mortgage.
The works were commenced in February, 1837, at
the Brightside cutting. From that time they pro-
ceeded rapidly without any impediment, or the occur-
rence of any incident calling for remark; and in the
month of October, 1838, were deemed in a sufficiently
perfect state to authorize the opening of the railway
to the public. This event took place on the 31st of
October, and was attended with all the pageantry, fes-
tivity, and excitement, which is usually manifested on
such occasions. Earl Fitzwilliam and a considerable
number of the neighbouring nobility and great landed
proprietors were present. So also were the Directors
of the North Midland railway, George and Robert
Stephenson, and many other illustrious individuals
interested in the success of this and similar schemes.
The order of the proceedings was as follows:— a trip

HISTORICAL ACCOUNT 5

from Sheffield to Rotherham at twenty minutes
before eleven, which occupied seventeen minutes ;
breakfast at Rotherham Court House; return trip to
Sheffield at twelve; and dinner at the Tontine Inn at
five.

The history of the railway subsequent to its opening
is happily marked by no tragical occurrences, by the
relation of which we might give interest to our narra-
tive. Monotonous as the strokes of the piston of a
steam engine, events have followed each other in re-
gularly recurring succession, and few days bear any
marks by which they can be distinguished from their
fellows. The opening of the Greasbrough branch
took place on August the 10th, 1839, The following
is a brief summary of the traffic on the railway during
the first year of its operation. "The number of pas-
sengers carried (and that without the loss of life or
limb, or serious injury to any passenger) from No-
vember 1st, 1838, to October 31st, 1839, both days
inclusive, is as follows:— 1838. — November, 37,876 ;
December, 44,614.-1839.— January, 28,071; February,
27,729; March, 30,034; April, 38,109; May, 50,325;
June, 37,500; July, 43,358; August, 39,882; Sep-
tember, 41,801; October, 36,076; making a total of
455,375." The amount of money received for these
passengers has been £13,204 16s. 3d. The shares at
present bear a premium of from £5. to £6.

So much for the past history of the Sheffield and
Rotherham railway. Were we disposed to indulge
ourselves in a prophecy of the future, very bright
would be the colours in which we should paint it; for
we cannot close our eyes to the vast increase of traffic

6 HISTORICAL ACCOUNT.

which will flow upon this railway, when the sluices of
the north and the south are opened into it by the
completion of the North Midland line. However
justly the inhabitants of Sheffield in general may com-
plain of the distance at which the North Midland
railway passes their town, the proprietors of the Shef-
field and Rotherham railway, have good cause to
congratulate themselves that it runs just where it does.

In the ensuing session of parliament the company
intend to apply for an act to enable them to raise, at
such times as they think fit, either by creating new
shares or by mortgage, or in both those ways, any fur-
ther sum they may require, not exceeding £70,000.
The new shares will be offered in the first instance to
the proprietors of original shares.

Before introducing our reader into the peculiar do-
mains of the Fire-King and commencing our description
of railway scenery, we shall, in accordance with the
plan of our work, devote a chapter to the history and
description of Sheffield.

SHEFFIELD. 7

CHAPTER II.

HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION OF
SHEFFIELD.

The town of Sheffield is situated upon the river Sheaf,
near its confluence with the Don, and forms the
chief town of the extensive Saxon Manor of Hallam,
now called Hallamshire. It is a place of great anti-
quity, and derives its name from the river upon the
banks of which it is situated. At the time of the Nor-
man survey the manor of Sheffield was held by Roger
de Busli, and the widowed countess of the Saxon Earl
Waltheof, who had been beheaded for entering into a
conspiracy against the Conquerer. It was subsequently
possessed by the family of De Lovetot. It afterwards
descended to the Earls of Shrewsbury, and from them
finally passed into the possession of the Dukes of
Norfolk. Edward I. granted various privileges to the
lords of the manor; and they in turn released the in-
habitants, in consideration of a fixed annual payment,
from the feudal tenure by which they held their
estates, and thus occasioned Sheffield to become a free
town. Cardinal Wolsey after his arrest in 1530, was
detained in the manor house for eighteen days, in
the custody of the Earl of Shrewsbury. Mary Queen
of Scots also during her fourteen years' captivity re-

8 SHEFFIELD.

sided, with the exception of a few short intervals, in
the same place or in the castle. During the civil war
in the reign of Charles I., the inhabitants were in
favour of the parliamentarians, and made a feeble
effort to retain for them the town and castle. The
Earl of Newcastle, however, with a party of royalists,
quickly gained possession for the king, placed a garri-
son in the castle, and appointed Sir William Saville
governor. The Earl of Manchester afterwards sent a
force to attempt its reduction, and after a protracted
siege, it was surrendered upon honourable terms, and
soon afterwards by order of parliament demolished.

The town is pleasantly situated on a gentle eminence
rising out of a spacious valley. It is sheltered on
every side, except the north east, by a chain of lofty
hills richly clothed with wood. It is nearly surrounded
by the rivers Don, Sheaf, and Porter. Over the river
Don a stone bridge of three arches was erected, in
1485, and was called the Lady Bridge, from a religious
house dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, which stood
near it. An iron bridge of three arches has since been
constructed over the same river ; and in 1828 an addi-
tional stone bridge of three arches was erected, for the
purpose of affording an easier communication between
the Rotherham and Barnsley roads, and the new corn
and cattle markets. The bridge over the Sheaf consists
of one arch, and was built in 1769, by Edward Duke
of Norfolk. The town extends nearly a mile from
north to south, and three quarters of a mile from east
to west. The streets in the principal parts of the town
have of late been greatly improved, both by the erec-
tion of new and handsome shops, and the substitution

SHEFFIELD. 9

of modem and elegant fronts. The houses, which are
chiefly of brick, and of a somewhat sombre appearance,
are intermixed with many of very ancient character.
The chief portion of the town is within the angle
formed by the Sheaf and the Don, but there are con-
siderable ranges of buildings on the opposite banks.
Considerable improvements have taken place under
the provisions of an act obtained in 1818, by which the
town is well paved, and lighted with gas, from exten-
sive works at Sheaf Bridge, and those of the New Gas
Company, on Blonk Island. The town was formerly
supplied with water from springs in the neighbouring
hills, by means of private works on Crook's moor ; but
the supply becoming inadequate to the increasing de-
mands of the town, a company with a capital of
£100,000 was formed in 1829, and suitable works were
erected.

The public subscription Library and Reading room
occupies a commodious room in the Music Hall, and is
supported by an annual subscription of one guinea
from each of its members. A Literary and Philoso-
phical Society was instituted in 1822. Its meetings
are held in an elegant apartment of the Music Hall,
which contains their apparatus, a collection of fossils,
botanical specimens, and curiosities from the South
Sea islands. There are three public news rooms ; the
oldest is in the East Parade, and is supported by an
annual subscription of £1. 1s. each; another occupies
a room in the music hall, and the third forms part of the
handsome edifice, called the Commercial Buildings,
which has recently been erected in High Street. The
Mechanic's Library was established in 1824; it con-

10 SHEFFIELD.

tains more than 2,000 volumes, and is open every
evening. The Music Hall is a spacious and elegant
building in the Grecian style of architecture. It is
situated in Surrey Street, and was erected in 1824 ; it
comprises on the ground floor a room for the public
library, 38 feet long, and 35 feet wide ; a reading room
and saloon, and a spacious room for the Literary and
Philosophical Society. The buildings also contain an
elegant music room, 99 feet in length and 38 wide,
with a well-arranged orchestra, and a handsome saloon,
35 feet long and 28 wide. The theatre and assembly
rooms were erected in 1762, and form an extensive
building of brick, handsomely ornamented with stone,
and having a central portico supporting a pediment,
The theatre is generally open from Oct. to Jan.

The Town's Trust has arisen from a grant made by
one of the ancient family of Furnival, about the year
1300, and consists of property in lands and tenements,
shares in the river Don navigation, &c., producing
about £1,400 per annum, which is under the manage-
ment of twelve trustees, resident in the town, elected
by the freeholders, who have been lately incorporated,
under the title of the "Town's Trust," or "Sheffield
Free Tenants." The income is applied to the main-
tenance of Lady's bridge, the keeping in order the
pump in Barker pool, the repair of the church and the
highways, the payment of three assistant clergy, and
other charitable and public uses.

This town appears to have been distinguished at a
very early period for the manufacture of articles of
cutlery, for which the numerous mines of coal and iron-
stone in the neighbourhood rendered its situation pecu-

SHEFFIELD. 11

liarly favourable. Chaucer, in his Canterbury Tales,
mentions the "Sheffield Thwytel, or Whittel," a kind
of knife worn by such as had not the privilege of wear-
ing a sword, for the making of which, as well as the
iron heads for arrows, Sheffield had, even then, become
celebrated. Arrow heads, indeed, compose the arms
or crest of the town. From that time the principal
articles manufactured were implements of husbandry,
including scythes, sickles, shears, and other sharp in-
struments of steel, till the middle of the last century,
when considerable improvements were introduced,
and great ingenuity displayed in the finer articles of
cutlery. The superintendence of the trade was en-
trusted to twelve master cutlers, appointed at the court
leet of the lord of the manor, with power to enforce the
necessary regulations for its protection and improvement.
In 1624 the cutlers were incorporated by an act of
parliament entitled, "An act for the good order and
government of the makers of knifes, scissors, shears,
sickles, and other cutlery wares, in Hallamshire, in the
county of York, and parts near adjoining;" and the
government was invested in a master, two wardens, six
searchers, and twenty-four assistants, consisting of free-
men only, in number about 600. The master, who,
with the other officers of the company, is chosen annu-
ally by the whole corporation, on retiring from office,
nominates the senior warden as his successor ; but if
the latter be rejected by the company, he nominates
another member, till one is approved of by the body :
the wardens are chosen by the officers of the company
from among the searchers for the time being. The
master, wardens, and assistants, have power to make

12 SHEFFIELD.

by-laws for the regulation of the trade, and to inflict
penalties for the neglect of them ; and the jurisdiction
of the company, which is restricted exclusively to
affairs relating to the trade, extends throughout the
whole district of Hallamshire, and all places within six
miles of it. By an act obtained in 1814, permission is
given to all persons, whether sons of freemen or not,
and without their having served an apprenticeship, or
obtained from the company a mark for their goods, to
carry on business anywhere within the limits of Hal-
lamshire. The privilege thus bestowed has been a
great means of advancing the trade to its present state of
perfection, by affording encouragement to men of
genius from every part of the country to settle in this
town ; and the competition thus produced has furnished
exquisite specimens of workmanship, in the finer
branches of the trade, which abound in the show-
rooms of the principal manufacturers, particularly in
those of Messrs. Rodgers and Sons, and excite the
admiration of the spectator. The cutlery trade em-
ploys from 8,000 to 10,000 persons. The principal
articles are table knives and forks; pen and pocket
knives of every description; scissors; razors; surgical,
mathematical, and optical instruments; engineers' and
joiners' tools; scythes, sickles, and files, of which
great quantities are manufactured and exported ; and
an endless variety of steel wares, which may be con-
sidered the staple trade of the town, though various
other branches of manufacture have been subsequently
introduced and carried to a high degree of perfection.
Connected in some degree with the cutlery, but
embracing a great variety of other objects, is the manu-

SHEFFIELD. 13

facture of ivory articles; but the principal branches
of manufacture which have more recently been estab-
lished, and in which the town has obtained a de-
cided superiority, are spoons, tea and coffee pots,
candlesticks, and a great variety of articles of Bri-
tannia metal, which are made in great quantities, and
of every pattern; likewise silver-plated goods of every
kind, among which are dessert knives and forks plated,
upon steel, tureens, epergnes, and services for the
table, candelabras, ice pails, urns, and a variety of
similar articles, of the most elegant patterns, and of
the richest workmanship, which are generally known by
the name of, "Sheffield plate with silver edges." The
manufacture of silver plate in all its branches, from the
most minute to the most massive articles, is also car-
ried on to a considerable extent, and has obtained
deserved celebrity. The most ingenious and highly
finished specimens of cutlery displayed in the principal
shops in the metropolis, and in those of the principal
towns in England, notwithstanding their being stamped
with the venders' names, are manufactured here ; and
so highly are the manufactures of this town esteemed,
that they are found in every market in Europe, and
exported in great quantities to every part of the globe.
The making of buttons and button moulds, wire draw-
ing, and the refining of silver, are also carried on ; and
along the banks of the rivers are numerous iron and
steel works, in which the heavier castings are pro-
duced, and extensive works for slitting and preparing
the iron and steel for the use of the manufacturers :
among the manufactured iron goods are, boilers for
steam engines, stove grates, (of most elegant design

14 SHEFFIELD.

and exquisite workmanship,) fenders, fire irons, and
various smaller articles. There are also extensive
factories for the weaving of carpets, and of horse-hair
seating for chairs. In 1806, a type foundry was estab-
lished with considerable success; and another was
commenced in 1818, the proprietors having purchased
the business of a house in London: both these estab-
lishments are now considerable, and supply type not
only to printers in the provincial towns, but to several
highly respectable houses in the metropolis.

The trade of the town has been greatly facilitated by
its advantageous line of inland navigation. The river
Don was, in 1751, made navigable to Tinsley, about
three miles from the town; and, in 1815, a bill was
obtained for enabling the proprietors of the Sheffield
canal to connect the Don, at Tinsley, with the town,
by means of a navigable cut, which was accomplished
in 1819, thus forming a direct communication with the
North Sea. Adjoining the basin of this canal, at the
eastern extremity of the town, is a commodious wharf,
where vessels can load and unload under cover ; and
also spacious warehouses and offices for the transac-
tion of business. The basin is capable of containing
more than forty vessels of about fifty tons' burden,
many of which are constantly arriving from Hull,
York, Gainsborough, Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool,
and Thorn, at which last place vessels from London
generally unload goods intended for Sheffield.

Sheffield's means of railway communication do not
as yet extend beyond Rotherham; but the completion
of the North Midland Railway, in the ensuing spring,
will at once open to its inhabitants the whole range

SHEFFIELD. 15

both of the southern railways, and of those which pass
through the manufacturing districts of Yorkshire. We
may, therefore, justly look forward to that period as a
grand era from which to date Sheffield's accelerated
increase in manufacturing celebrity and wealth ; and
though some of her more ardent well-wishers might
have been desirous that so important a line should
have passed nearer to her borders, yet none can refuse
to admit the vastness of the advantages she will derive
from the line which has actually been selected ; and, we,
especially, as retained at present by the Sheffield and
Rotherham Railway, are bound to manifest exuberant
joy that the whole of the railway traffic of Sheffield,
both inward and outward, must necessarily pass along
the rails of our fortunate little client. The opening of
the Sheffield and Manchester Railway will, it is true,
put an end to this boasting ; but six or seven years,
we are well assured, will elapse ere the power of
steam manages here to twine together the rival roses
of York and Lancaster.

The market was granted in 1296, to Thomas Lord
Furnival; the market days are Tuesday and Saturday:
the former, chiefly for corn, is held in the corn ex-
change; a handsome building, erected under an act of
parliament obtained in 1827, by the Duke of Norfolk,
on the site of the Shrewsbury hospital, which has been
removed. The market for butcher's meat is held at
a convenient situation near Newmarket-street; and
adjoining to it is the market for eggs, poultry, and
butter. The vegetable market, which consists of
ranges of shops, is on the outside of the enclosure for
the butcher's meat. The fruit market is held on the

16 SHEFFIELD.

south side of Newmarket-street; and the fish market,
which is well supplied with salt-water fish on Monday
and Thursday, and with fresh-water fish every day
during the season, at the back of the Corn Exchange.
The fairs for cattle and toys are on the Tuesday in
Trinity week, and on Nov. 28th. A cheese fair is also
held on the last-mentioned day, in which are sold many
hundred tons of cheese from the counties of Derby,
Stafford, Chester, and Lancaster.

By the act of the 2nd of Wm. IV., cap. 45, Sheffield
has been constituted a borough, with the privilege of
sending two members to parliament. The number of
voters registered at the first general election under the
Reform Act was 3,508, of whom 3,056 polled. The town
is within the jurisdiction of the magistrates for the dis-
trict, who meet in the town hall every Tuesday and
Friday, for the determination of petty causes; and the
Oct. sessions for the West Riding are also held here by
adjournment. A court is held every second week,
under the steward of the manor of Sheffield, for the
recovery of debts under £5 ; and a court of requests
every Thursday, for the recovery of debts not exceed-
ing £5, of which the jurisdiction extends for several
miles round the parish. By the act of the 2nd and
3rd of William IV., cap. 64, Sheffield has been made
a polling-place for the West Riding. The Town Hall,
a spacious and commodious building, at the foot of the
hay market, was erected in 1808: It contains a large
and well-arranged room, in which the sessions are held;
and apartments for the use of the police magistrates,
the commissioners of the court of requests, and for
the transaction of public business. On the ground floor

SHEFFIELD. 17

is a prison for felons within the liberty of Hallamshire,
with apartments for the keeper. The Cutlers' Hall,
in Church-street, in which the business of that com-
pany is transacted, and their public meetings held,
was erected in 1832. It is a neat and capacious stone
building, ornamented with the arms of the company
well sculptured ; and contains, besides other offices,
three large rooms in front for the transaction of business.
On the second floor is a spacious dining room, elegantly
fitted up, and ornamented with several well-executed
portraits. In addition to an excise office and post
office, there is also an assay office, erected in 1773, in
order to relieve the manufacturers from sending their
silver goods to London to receive the Hall mark.

The living is a vicarage, in the archdeaconry and
diocese of York, valued in the king's books at
£12. 15s. 2½d. The patron is the Duke of Norfolk;
improprietors, P. Gell, Esq., and M. Lawson, Esq.,
late M.P. for Thirsk, who have alternately the right of
presentation. Three stipendiary clergymen, who are
independent of the vicar, and have an income of £250
each, are appointed to assist him by the church bur-
gesses. These were incorporated by charter of Queen
Mary, and hold certain lands and estates in trust, for
the payment of the stipendiary assistants, and for the
repairs of the church. They hold their meetings in a
room over the vestry room of the church ; and vacan-
cies in their number are filled up by vote among them-
selves. The church, which is a spacious cruciform
structure, with a central tower and spire, was erected
in the reign of Hen. I.; but it has been so altered by
repairs, that, with the exception of part of the tower

18 SHEFFIELD.

and spire, and a few small portions of the interior, very
little of its original character can be distinguished.
The chancel contains the first production from the
chisel of Chantrey, consisting of a mural tablet, with
the bust of the Rev. James Wilkinson, late vicar, cano-
pied with drapery, in Carora marble. Many illus-
trious persons have been interred in this church,
among whom were Mary, Countess of Northumber-
land; Elizabeth, Countess of Lennox, mother of the
unfortunate Lady Arabella Stuart; Lady Elizabeth
Butler; four of the Earls of Shrewsbury; and Peter
Roflet, French secretary of Mary Queen of Scots.
St. Paul's chapel was erected in 1720, by subscription,
towards which Mr. R. Downes, silversmith, contri-
buted £1,000: it is a handsome edifice, in the Grecian
style of architecture, with a tower surmounted by a
well-proportioned dome, and a cupola of cast iron; the
interior is light, and elegantly ornamented, and con-
tains a bust, by Chantrey, of the Rev. Alexander
Mackenzie, with emblematical sculpture finely exe-
cuted. The living is a perpetual curacy ; net income,
£136; patron, the Vicar. St. James's chapel, a neat
structure, in the Grecian style of architecture, with
a campanile turret, was erected by subscription in
1788 : the interior is well arranged, and the east
window is embellished with a beautiful painting of
the Crucifixion, by Peckett. The living is a per-
petual curacy ; net income, £160 ; patron, the Vicar ;
impropriator, Duke of Norfolk. St. George's church,
on an eminence at the western extremity of the
town, erected in 1824, is a very handsome structure,
in the later style of English architecture, with a

SHEFFIELD. 19

lofty square embattled tower, crowned with pin-
nacles. The living is a perpetual curacy; net in-
come, £365.; patron, the Vicar. St. Philip's church,
near the infirmary, was erected in 1827, by grant from
the parliamentary commissioners, at an expense of
£13,970. 16s.; it is a neat edifice, in the later English
style of architecture, with a square embattled tower,
crowned with pinnacles. The living is a perpetual
curacy; net income, £135.; patron, the Vicar; im-
propriator, Duke of Norfolk. St. Mary's church, in
Brammall-lane, of which the first stone was laid by
the Countess of Surrey, in 1826, is a handsome
structure, in the later style of English architecture,
with a tower and a porch of beautiful design ; it was
erected by grant from the parliamentary commis-
sioners, at an expense of £13,946. 11s. 9d.; the site
and the cemetery were given by his Grace the Duke
of Norfolk. The living is a perpetual curacy; net
income, £190.: patron, the Vicar. The Park church,
dedicated to St. John the Evangelist, stands on three
acres of land, given by the Duke of Norfolk, near the
lofty summit of Park Hill. It is a Gothic structure,
and will accommodate more than 1,000 persons.
There are five places of worship for Independents,
six for Wesleyan Methodists, and one each for Bap-
tists, the Society of Friends, Unitarians, and Roman
Catholics.

The free grammar school was founded by letters
patent in the reign of James I., and endowed by
Thomas Smith, of Crowland, in the county of Lincoln,
with lands producing, in 1603, £30. per annum, which
have been since exchanged for lands at Wadsley, pro-

20 SHEFFIELD.

ducing, together with subsequent benefactions, a
revenue of £175. 10s. The school is under the control
of the vicar and twelve inhabitants of the town, who
appoint the master, with a salary of £60. per annum:
there are at present about twenty scholars on the
foundation, who are gratuitously instructed in the
classics. The present handsome school house, situ-
ated near St. George's church, was erected a few
years ago, in lieu of the old structure in Town Head-
street. The boys' charity school, at the north-east
corner of the churchyard, was established in 1706;
and the present school house, a neat and commodious
edifice of stone, has been recently erected on the site
of the original building; it has an income arising from
a benefaction of £5,000 by Mr. Parkins, in 1766, aided
by a donation from Mr. T. Hanby, which maintains
six boys on the establishment, at an expense of up-
wards of £60. per annum, the past masters of the
Cutlers' Company being his principal trustees: the
whole revenue is about £284. per annum, with which,
and annual subscriptions, eighty boys are maintained,
clothed, educated, and apprenticed. At the opposite
corner of the churchyard is a similar school, in which
sixty girls are maintained, clothed, and educated, and
afterwards placed out in service: a convenient school
house was erected, in 1786, at an expense of £1,500.
A school for reading, writing, and arithmetic, has also
been established here, in pursuance of the will of Mr.
William Birley, who, in 1715, bequeathed £900. in
trust for the purchase of an estate, of the rental of
which, one third was to be appropriated to the estab-
lishment of the school, one third towards the main-

SHEFFIELD. 21

tenance of indigent tradesmen, or their widows, and
the remainder towards the support of a minister to
officiate in the chapel of the hospital. The school of
industry was established in 1795, and removed to its
present situation in 1815: the buildings, which are
upon an extensive scale, and well adapted to their use,
were erected by subscription: there are 350 children
in this establishment, A Lancasterian school for
boys, established in 1809, and a similar institution for
girls, established in 1815, are supported by subscrip-
tion. National schools, in which 390 boys and 391
girls are instructed, are maintained in connexion with
the National Society, which, in addition to a grant
of £320. from the district society, has granted £650.
towards the erection of the buildings ; and a national
school for 400 children has been erected at an esti-
mated expense of £700, of which £350. was defrayed
by the Lords of the Treasury, under an act passed in
1833. There are also numerous Sunday schools.

The Collegiate School is pleasantly situated in the
vale of the Porter, and was opened in August, 1836.
It belongs to a company of proprietors, and is con-
ducted in conformity with the principles of the church
of England. The Wesleyan Proprietary Grammar
School, in Glossop-road, is a very large establishment.
It has just been finished, and will accommodate 300
boys. The bestowment of a decidedly Wesleyan
training was the principal object had in view by its
projectors.

The Earl of Shrewsbury's hospital was projected
by Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury, in 1616, and com-
pleted, in 1673, in pursuance of his will, by the

22 SHEFFIELD.

Earl of Norfolk, Earl Marshal of England. It
is amply endowed for eighteen men and eighteen
women, who have each a comfortable dwelling; ten
shillings per week for each man, and eight shillings
for each woman, with an allowance of coal, coats,
and a gown annually. The original buildings were
recently taken down to make room for the new market
place, and the erection of the corn exchange; and a
neat range of buildings, in the later style of English
architecture, has been erected on the southern side of
the town, in the centre of which is a chapel. The
general infirmary was first opened for the reception of
patients in 1797, and, in a manufacturing town, where
so many artisans are continually exposed to accidents,
and their health materially injured by the processes of
many of the trades in which they are employed, has
been deservedly regarded as an object entitled to the
most liberal patronage and support. The premises,
occupying an extensive site about a mile to the north-
west of the town, and guarded against the too near
approach of other buildings by the purchase of thirty-
one acres of surrounding land, were erected by public
subscription, at an expense of nearly £20,000, includ-
ing the purchase of the land. They are handsomely
built of stone, and form a conspicuous ornament in the
principal approaches to the town. In front of the
building is a neat portico, ornamented with statues of
Hope and Charity, finely sculptured ; and the grounds
are enclosed by an iron palisade, with a central gate-
way, and a porter's lodge on each side. The internal
arrangements are extensive and complete, and the in-
stitution is supported by an income arising from dona-

SHEFFIELD. 23

tions and bequests, and by annual subscription.
Among the principal benefactions are, £200. by the
Rev. James Wilkinson, late vicar; £200. by Dr.
Browne, under whose auspices the establishment was
materially promoted; £1,000 by Mrs. Fell, of Newhall;
a donation of £2,000, and a subsequent legacy of £500,
by F. H. Sitwell, Esq.; and £6,337. 2s. 10d. be-
queathed by the late Rev. Thomas Gisborne, who also
gave like sums to the infirmaries of Nottingham and
Derby.

The Botanical and Horticultural Gardens, which
were opened to the public in 1836, occupy about
eighteen acres of land in the picturesque valley of the
Porter. The grand entrance is in Clarkhouse-lane,
and is a chaste Ionic structure, adapted to the model
of the temple on the banks of the Ilissus, at Athens.
The General Cemetery occupies an abrupt but broken
and verdant acclivity of Sharrow Vale, and extends
over upwards of five acres. It was opened in July,
1836, and is one of the most beautiful establishments
of the kind in England. The Cholera Monument is a
lofty, slender, and elegant obelisk. It stands in the
Claywood cholera burial ground. It was erected in
1834, in memory of those who had been swept away by
that terrific scourge.

The neighbourhood, which is rich in mines of iron
and coal, abounds also with quarries of excellent
stone, some of which, especially that at Grimsthorpe,
contain many admirable specimens of calamites ; and
the coal shale and iron stone have beautiful impres-
sions of various vegetable productions. In 1761, two
thin plates of copper were ploughed up on a piece of

24 SHEFFIELD.

land, called the Lawns, each containing an inscription
commemorating the manumission of some Roman
legionaries, and their enrolment as citizens of Rome.
From the prevalence of iron ore, the waters of Shef-
field have a slightly chalybeate property. The Rev.
Dr. Robert Saunderson, Regius Professor of Divinity
in the University of Oxford, and Bishop of Lincoln ;
and the Rev. Mr. Balguay, Prebendary of North
Grantham in the Cathedral Church of Salisbury, and
an eminent disputant in the Bangorian controversy,
were natives of Sheffield : and Chantrey, the celebrated
sculptor, was born at Norton, a village about three
miles from it. Sheffield gives the title of Baron and
Earl to the family of Holroyd.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY. 25

CHAPTER III.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY.

The entrance to the Sheffield station is through a
substantial and well-designed gateway facing up the
Wicker, at the angle of the Barnsley new road and
Saville-street. It is intended for passengers only ; the
entrance for goods being in Saville-street. On entering
the station which is very commodious, a handsome and
spacious shed, supported by cast-iron pillars, presents
itself. It contains four lines of rails for the engines
and carriages, and turn-rails at the end for reversing
the position of the engines and carriages. The con-
struction of the shed deserves notice, combining, as
it does, strength with apparent lightness. A flagged
pathway, raised a couple of feet above the level of the
rails, renders the step into or from the carriages very
easy and convenient. A similar shed is to be built in
this station for the use of the North Midland Railway,
with waiting room and offices suitable to the wants
of the town of Sheffield ; and passengers for Leeds or
Derby and all intermediate places, will here take
their seats, and proceed to their destination without
any change of carriages.

Upon issuing forth from our entrenchments, we

26 DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY.

behold, close to the line on the right, the works of
Mr. Brownell. Saville-street and the river Don run
immediately behind these works, and from the oppo-
site bank of the river rises the elegant and lofty
chimney of the New Gas Works. The two conspicuous
chimneys which are a little more distant belong to the
new colliery, which has lately been established by the
Duke of Norfolk, and which is working the Yorkshire
Silkstone seam, at a depth of 126 yards. A range of
lime-kilns, in which the lime is prepared by a process
altogether novel, are visible behind the colliery; and
the prospect is bounded by the verdant slope of Shef-
field Park, in the midst of which St. John's church
is conspicuously situated.

Along the high ground on the left runs the new road
to Barnsley. It gradually declines away from the
railway in the direction of the old road, with which it
forms a junction at Pitsmoor Bar. The design of its
formation was to avoid the tremendous ascent of Pye
Bank, which all who have ever left Sheffield by the
north road will not fail to remember.

Were our traveller now to look behind him, and had
he power by some potent charm to dispel the murky
cloud that spreads itself over the landscape, he would
obtain a tolerable view of the town of Sheffield ; and
would behold the tower of St. Paul's rising proudly
in the centre of the picture, and lifting its well-pro-
portioned dome and elegant cast-iron cupola far above
all surrounding edifices.

The prospect speedily opens to a considerable extent
on the right. As the eye ranges from the smoke-
capped buildings of Sheffield in the rear, to the beau-

DESCRIPTION OP THE RAILWAY. 27

tiful turrets of AtterclifFe church in advance, it passes
over a wide tract of country. Through this spacious
valley winds the placid stream of the Don ; but the
eye cannot here catch a glimpse of its waters. The
sight of this valley, and the park on its opposite
acclivity, in which are the ruins of the Manor House,
which formed the prison of the ill-fated Mary of
Scotland, are well calculated to call up whatever remains
of chivalric feeling that may exist in the bosom of the
beholder. Perhaps he may apostrophise the mean-
dering stream in some such elegiac strains as the
following :—

There, on Reflection's pensive breast,
A shade of distant days will rest;

Where near yon ivied tower
Thy stream would warble soft and low,
Listening to sounds of royal woe,
Told to the midnight hour.

On thee, with many a tear suffused,
The beauteous captive nightly mused,
And in thy fleeting wave
Saw the light bubble glittering rise,
Then break in air,— "Behold," she cries,
"Mary, thy crown, thy grave!"

Other associations of a less mournful character will
also rush upon the mind whilst contemplating the
valley which now lies before us. This is the
famous "Valley of the Don," in which the author
of Waverley has laid the scene of Ivanhoe, and with
a description of which he opens that enchanting
romance. "In that pleasant district," says he, "of
merry England which is watered by the river Don,

28 DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY.

there extended in ancient times a large forest, cover-
ing the greater part of the beautiful hills and valleys
which lie between Sheffield and the pleasant town of
Doncaster. The remains of this extensive wood are
still to be seen at the noble seats of Wentworth, of
Wharncliffe Park, and around Rotherham. Here
haunted of yore the fabulous dragon of Wantley;
here were fought many of the most desperate battles
during the civil wars of the Roses; and here also
flourished in ancient times those bands of gallant out-
laws, whose deeds have been rendered so popular in
English song." Such is Sir Walter Scott's descrip-
tion of the scene of our present excursion ; and from
his account we perceive that the dragon-like monsters
that now sweep along it, are not the first creatures of
that species that have rendered it famous by their ex-
ploits. We cannot here resist the temptation of giving
our traveller a description, by the same hand, of a
landscape in this valley when it was covered by the
forest of Rotherwood, in order that he may compare it
with what meets his own eye as he dashes along it in
his steam-borne car. "Hundreds of broad short-
stemmed oaks, which had witnessed, perhaps, the stately
march of the Roman soldiery, flung their broad
gnarled arms over a thick carpet of the most delicious
green sward. In some places they were intermingled
with beeches, hollies, and copse-wood of various de-
scriptions, so closely as totally to intercept the level
beams of the sinking sun ; in others they receded from
each other, forming those long sweeping vistas, in the
intricacy of which the eye delights to lose itself,
while imagination considers them as the paths to yet

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY. 29

wilder scenes of sylvan solitude. Here the red rays of
the sun shot a broken and discoloured light, that par-
tially hung upon the shattered boughs and mossy
trunks of the trees, and there they illuminated in
brilliant patches the portions of turf to which they
made their way." This looks like poetry, but it is
doubtless a correct representation of what often
greeted the eye of the Saxon swineherd, as he drove
his charge towards the castle of his Norman lord. A
change, however, both great and surprising, has past
over this vision. Forest, and castle, and serf too, have
vanished together; or, if any remnant of Rotherwood
remains, it is but the unsubstantial shade of what
once bore the name ; and if every stone of the keep
and the turret has not been thrown down, only suffi-
cient remain to attract the gaze of the antiquary, and
cause the artist to draw forth his pencil. We would
fain pursue this theme ; but, whilst we mourned over
the loss of much of what was picturesque and romantic
in the England of eight centuries back, we would
pour our strains of loftiest panegyric on that spirit of
change, which, although it has stripped our land of her
beautiful forests, has also operated upon her inhabi-
tants, — has torn the gorget from the neck of the
thrall, has dashed the bow from the grasp of the outlaw,
and the spear from the hand of the marauding knight.
To the reflections with which we have seen proper to
introduce our traveller into the valley of the Don it
behoves us now to put a stop : we must apply our-
selves to our more legitimate task, of describing the
various objects which present themselves to his notice
as he sweeps along his iron pathway.

30 DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY.

In the centre of the view we have been describing
appear the Park furnaces, throwing forth copious
volumes of fire and smoke, by which their position is
even more distinctly revealed by night than by day.
These furnaces are employed in reducing the argil-
laceous carbonates of iron, derived from Tinsley Com-
mon and other places adjacent. At present there is
but one stack at work, which produces a larger
quantity of metal than any other in Yorkshire or Lan-
cashire, namely, twelve tons per day when the weather
is favourable. The vitreous slag yields £500 or £1,000
per year for mending the roads. The process not only
of smelting the ore and running the metal into pigs,
but particularly of casting heavy articles, such as im-
mense cylinders for conduit pipes, is very interesting,
and may at any time be witnessed by the stranger.
On the left the prospect is of course contracted, as we
are proceeding along that side of the valley: Spittal
Hill which is a little in the rear, and that of Hall Carr
which is somewhat in advance, form the boundaries
of vision in that direction.

At a distance of not quite half a mile from the sta-
tion the line makes a curve to the left. It is not how-
ever of much consequence, as it has a radius of fully
three quarters of a mile. On the right may now be
seen, at a short distance, a white building called
Royd's Mill, and a pile of brick buildings which con-
stitute the silver refinery of Messrs. Reed and Co.
The plantation very near to the line on the left is Hall
Carr Wood.

In crossing Hall Carr lane on the level, the fires of
the Manor Colliery are clearly distinguishable over the

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY. 31

tops of the cottages on the right. Attercliffe church
then forms the most interesting object in the right
hand landscape, and of it we can obtain a very perfect
view. This beautiful structure is in the early style of
English architecture, and has an embattled tower
crowned with pinnacles. It was erected in the year
1822, at a cost of £11,700, which was defrayed by a
grant from the parliamentary commissioners. It is
remarkable for the rich display of heraldic ornament
which adorns its windows. The pulpit is surmounted
with a curious and effective parabolic sounding board,
which was invented by Mr. Blackburn the incumbent,
and is described in the philosophical transactions for
1828. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the arch-
deaconry and diocese of York, of which the net income
is £194. and the patron, the vicar of Sheffield. The
old chapel can also be distinguished from the rail-
way. It was allowed to fall into a sadly dilapidated
state, but it has just undergone very considerable
repairs.

The white house which occupies so elevated a posi-
tion on the left is Woodhill house and was formerly
the residence of Colonel Fenton, commandant of the
Sheffield volunteers. Brightside lane runs on the
right, between the railway and the river Don, and a
little beyond it is Attercliffe Forge, an extensive pile
of smoky brick buildings. Near the forge is New Hall,
now in the occupation of Mr. Sanderson, the American
merchant, who is master of the works at Attercliffe.
New Hall was formerly the seat of Mrs. Fell, the libe-
ral benefactress of the Sheffield Infirmary. The vil-
lage of Attercliffe stands upon the turnpike road from

32 DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY.

Sheffield to Rotherham, one mile from the former town.
Its population is 3,741. The conspicuous windmill
which also lies in the direction of Attercliffe Forge is
the property of Mr. George Hill; and near to it there
was wont to be obtained an excellent species of cannel
coal, with which the Sheffield Gas Works were for a
considerable period supplied.

Upon arriving at a distance of a mile and a half
from Sheffield, the range of hills, which has hitherto
rendered our left hand prospect so very contracted, sud-
denly opens and discloses the village of Grimesthorpe.
The appearance of this village from the railway, when
first it bursts upon the sight, is exceedingly striking,
and partakes in some degree of the grotesque. The
most conspicuous object is the blackened brick build-
ing of the Grimesthorpe Grinding Wheel Company ;
the village lies beyond, and around it rise high
hills, which have been invested with a somewhat
romantic air by the extensive quarrying operations
to which they have been subjected. The lofty hill
in which the excavations appear, and whose bold
brow is shaded with wood, is the classic Wincobank,
of which Sheffield bards have often sung, and on
which, say they, —

"The golden cheek of eve rests loveliest."

But not only has Wincobank been the favourite resort
of the poet and the admirer of Nature's exterior garb,
but the mineralogist and the antiquarian may also be
found wandering thither in search of the objects of their
peculiar study. The one finds embedded in the brown
sandstone the fossil remains of numerous plants which

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY. 33

appear to have flourished beneath a tropical sun. The
other, ascending to the top of the hill and discovering
amongst the bushes and thick underwood faint traces
of castrametation, doubts not that he is standing within
the sacred limits of a Roman camp ; and, as he looks
down from his elevation, can almost see the burnished
helmets of the legionaries winding through the valley,
and glittering amongst the trees of the revivified forest.

The Grimesthorpe and Brightside road is crossed by
an iron bridge with stone parapets. A culvert beneath
the eastern wing affords a passage for the Baggaley
Brook; a small stream which, after washing the western
foot of Wincobank, and turning the Grimesthorpe
Grinding Wheel, crosses the line of the railway as it
hastens to swell the waters of the Don. The village
of Grimesthorpe does not continue in view for more
than three quarters of a mile. On the right, however,
a very interesting view is now disclosed. A somewhat
lofty hill appears in advance, and upon its precipitous
brow the village of Brightside stands, whilst the waters
of the Don wend their sinuous course along its base.
The prospect is very picturesque; but it must be con-
fessed that its beauty is in no degree enhanced by the
dingy buildings of Brightside Forge, which, standing
on the bank of the river, forms one of its most pro-
minent features.

We now cross a private road by a beautiful stone
bridge — one which is in fact the only ornamented
bridge upon the line, and also the only one that is
graced with parapets. The absence of parapet walls
on this railway may be considered as one of its distin-
guishing features; and yet it is strange that it should

34 DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY.

have quite escaped the talented engineers of other
lines, that were le monstre, in passing over a bridge,
to feel at all inclined to make a digression to the right
hand or the left, a wall would form but a very slight
impediment to his wishes; and were he, on the other
hand, rather inclined to preserve the even tenor of his
way, still less would any beneficial purpose be an-
swered by the two costly parapets. Perhaps, however,
our friends in other parts of the kingdom may not
exactly coincide with us in our ideas on this point,
and may fancy that a few pounds sacrificed at the
shrine of taste are well expended, whatever mere
motives of economy might suggest. After crossing
this bridge we have a still more interesting view of
Brightside, which from our present position has a truly
romantic appearance. By looking forward we can per-
ceive that the hill on the brow of which it stands, has
been divided in order to afford a passage for the rail-
way ; but before we enter this excavation we check our
speed, and make a halt at the station which bears the
name of the neighbouring village.

BRIGHTSIDE STATION.

The houses of Brightside stand chiefly on the right
of the railway; but a few appear scattered on the left.
The little wooden box which serves for a temporary
station-house also stands on the left.

The pleasantness of its situation has caused Bright-
side to be much frequented by pleasure parties from
Sheffield. On every fine Sabbath especially, the sallow
artizan may be seen wending his way thither, to inhale
the freshness of the country air, and enjoy the beautiful

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY. 35

and extensive prospect which the hill affords. The
opening of the railway has not been productive of
much benefit to it in this respect. Those who, when
performing their peregrinations on foot, were com-
pelled to confine them within a circuit of a mile or
two round Sheffield, can now ride to Rotherham for
sixpence; and the consequence is, that the publicans
of Brightside have the mortification of beholding their
quondam customers gliding past their very doors to
consign to the pockets of the more fortunate retailers
of spirits in a more distant town, those gains which
they had been accustomed to calculate upon as theirs.
That the respectable inhabitants of Rotherham are
satisfied with this state of things is more than we
should like to assert. Some of them we know had
much rather that the draff of the Sheffield pot-houses
were emptied into any other place than their once
quiet and moral town. Nay, some have ventured to
malign even the railway company, and to charge them
with breaking the laws of God in opening their railway
on the Sabbath as a channel for this polluting stream to
pass through. We would ask such objectors what
they suppose the consequence would be were all the
common sewers in Sheffield closed on the Sunday?

Immediately after leaving the Brightside station,
we enter a deep cutting, made through the hill upon
which the village stands. This excavation is about
three quarters of a mile in length, and frequently
forty feet deep. It is crossed by two bridges, — the
first conveying the road to Wincobank, called Jenkin-
lane, across the railway; and the second an occupa-
tion road, in a farm belonging to the trustees of the

36 DESCRIPTION OP THE RAILWAY.

Shrewsbury hospital, and occupied by Mr. Ellis.
The stratification of the rock, which is here beautifully
developed, is what chiefly demands the attention of
the traveller in passing through this cutting. The
peculiar character of the geology of the valley of the
Don has long caused it to attract the attention of sci-
entific men. A paper was read on the subject at the
Bristol meeting of the British Association, and it has
frequently occupied the attention of the West Riding
Geological and Polytechnic Society. Perhaps the
following brief statement, as we cannot pretend to
enter into detail, will enable the reader to understand
the appearances which the sides of the cutting
present:— At Ickles Hall, which is a mile and
a half west from our present position, the Tinsley
Park four feet ironstone lies at a depth of fifty yards
below the Rotherham red rock. Twenty yards below
the iron-stone, there is a thin seam of furnace coal ;
and sixty yards lower still, the High Hazles coal,
which is four feet six inches thick. Ninety-one yards
below this, there is a six feet seam; and seventy-
eight yards below it, we find the Swallow Wood coal,
which is six feet in thickness. After this follow the
Park Gate seam, or Sheffield Manor coal, Walker's
Furnace coal, and the Silkstone seam, which last lies
about 440 yards below the Swallow Wood coal. Un-
der the river all these beds lie horizontally, the one
over the other, but just before they reach the line of
the railway, they suddenly rise at an angle of about
forty-five degrees, and all except the three last-men-
tioned reach the light. Of these strata the railway
makes a partial section about the place where the

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY. 37

Swallow Wood coal bassets out. Were this section
made at right angles to the strata, it is evident that it
would present one uniform appearance from beginning
to end ; but as the angle which it makes with the line
of inclination is somewhat less than a right angle, many
strata are exposed to view as they successively rise to
the surface. Beds of freestone, ironstone, (which may
be distinguished by its rusty appearance,) and shale,
interspersed with numerous little veins of coal, succes-
sively appear and disappear; but the Swallow Wood
seam is the only coal measure of importance that is
exposed to view. It is this seam which is at present
worked at the pits of Messrs. Chambers, which we shall
presently have to pass. What was obtained from the
cutting was turned to profitable account by the con-
tractor, who employed it in burning the ballast in
which the sleepers are embedded. We must not how-
ever neglect to inform our traveller before we conduct
him forth from this cutting, that it is in its right hand
bank alone that the various strata are distinguishable ;
the great inclination at which they lie having rendered
it necessary on the other side to shelve off the superior
ones, to prevent them from sliding down upon the
railway. Thus the one bank affords a pretty correct
idea of the inclination of the strata, whilst the other
exhibits their order with as much clearness as could
be done by a coloured diagram. Towards the close of
the cutting, the strata can be seen abruptly to terminate,
what is technically termed a fault being made; and
immediately afterwards the interesting appearance of
their undulation is distinctly perceivable. But per-
haps the reader may imagine that we are describing

38 DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY.

phenomena, which can be observed only by a pedes-
trian survey of the cutting. We can assure him
however that the geological appearances we have de-
scribed are so clearly marked, that notwithstanding
the rapidity with which his steam car bears him along,
a very little attention will enable him to notice them
all.

Upon issuing forth from the cutting a wide prospect
bursts in our view on the right, and a contracted but
beautiful landscape is unfolded on the left. The one
view embraces the wide valley of the Don, from Black-
burn Forge, in the direction of Sheffield, to the Holmes
Furnaces near Rotherham, — the glistering waters of
the Sheffield canal and the tortuous stream of the Don
occupying the centre, whilst Tinsley village and Park
form the back ground, and the spire of Handsworth
church rises above the distant trees. The lovely view
in the opposite direction extends up the narrow but
picturesque valley of the Blackburn Brook, and is
beautifully bounded by the noble woods of Thunder-
cliffe Grange. The Blackburn Brook rises in the
neighbourhood of Chapel Town, and flowing by Mea-
dow Hall, here unites its waters with those of the Don.
The Grange, as it is elliptically called in the neigh-
bourhood, is the seat of the Earl of Effingham. Kep-
pel's column, a pillar raised in commemoration of that
gallant admiral's honourable acquittal, can just be dis-
tinguished peering above the trees of the Grange.

The bridge, or rather the viaduct, over the Black-
burn Brook, is composed of five beautiful stone arches.
It crosses, in addition to the Brook, a private road
and the head stream of Blackburn Forge.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY. 39

We now proceed through the Meadow Hall estate
on an embankment twenty feet in height. The rails on
this embankment are laid upon cross pieces of kyanized
timber ; whereas elsewhere the sleepers are of stone.
Running along the side of Kimberworth Hill we make
a curve to the right of three-quarters of a mile radius.
After sweeping across two private bridges, and admir-
ing for a moment the Don winding through the mea-
dows on the right, we catch a glimpse of Jordan Dam,
washing the very banks of the railway, just as all the
external beauties of Nature are hidden from our view
by the side of another excavation. Jordan Dam is an
elbow of the Don, from which the river Don Company
have recently made a new cut to Rotherham. This
was done much to the annoyance of the railway com-
pany, whose bill was before parliament at the very
time that the river company were empowered to make
their alterations, and who were compelled thereby con-
siderably and injuriously to divert their original line.
The new cut is broad and deep enough for vessels of
ninety tons burden, and is nearly two miles in length.
It extends from Jordan Dam to the Holmes, and
thence in a direct line to the vicinity of the Rother-
ham bridge.

The cutting into which we have now entered, is
neither so deep nor so interesting as the former.
The stratification of the rock presents a similar appear-
ance, but is not quite as well defined. It will pro-
bably be observed that the strata here appear to incline
in a different direction from those in the Brightside
cutting. This, it would appear to us, must either be
occasioned by a considerable undulation in the strata,

40 DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY.

as they rise from the valley, in a direction parallel
with their line of inclination, or must be accounted
for by supposing that the curve which we have made
since we emerged from the last excavation has caused
the railway to form with the ascending strata an obtuse
instead of an acute angle.

The river Don company's new cut lies on the right,
at a distance of only a few feet, but is concealed by the
sides of the excavation. The smoke with which the
air now becomes redolent, warns us of the proximity
of the Holmes Furnaces; and, immediately upon
emerging from the cutting, they burst upon our
view, smoking, and flaming, and roaring, at but
a few yards' distance on the right. This huge and
unsightly temple of Vulcan assumes its sublimest
appearance at night, when all surrounding objects are
enveloped in darkness, and itself illuminated only by
the fitful glare of the flame which it unceasingly
throws forth. These immense iron works were founded
by Samuel Walker, Esq., in the middle of the last
century. This remarkable person, when twelve
years of age, was an orphan, without money, and
almost without education. In conjunction with his
two brothers he established a small foundry ; and, by
his talents and industry, eventually rendered it one of
the most flourishing in Europe. During the wars with
America and France, immense quantities of cannon of
the largest calibre were manufactured by him; and the
iron bridges of Sunderland, Yarm, and Staines, and
the Southwark bridge, at London, were cast at these
foundries. Considerably less business is done here
now than formerly; for, when Peace visited Europe in

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY. 41

1815, and, waving her olive branch, scattered plenty
and prosperity over the nations, she frowned upon
those who had forged the engines of war, smote
down their proud looks, and ofttimes scattered their
possessions. The Walkers then abandoned the greater
part of their works, which have subsequently been
divided, and let off to more humble speculators.

On the opposite side of the line are the coal pits of
Messrs. Chambers. From these the Holmes Furnaces
are supplied; and the brick bridge of one arch, which
here crosses the railway, is for the conveyance of the
coal and coke to the works.

More distant than the Holmes Furnaces on the
right are Stubbs' Steel Works, and Habershon's Iron
Works and Forge. Holmes Hall, the plain, square
brick building, with a somewhat antiquated appear-
ance, which presents its back to the railway at a very
short distance, is at present a farm house, but was
formerly the residence of the noble Earls of Effingham.
Here we make our second and last halt.

HOLMES STATION. *

Before carrying our traveller further on his way to
Rotherham, we must make a short digression, as the
Greasbrough branch, which we promised to describe,
here diverges from the main line. As this branch,
however, is mainly designed for the conveyance of
coal from Earl Fitzwilliam's collieries at Greasbrough,

* We should anticipate at this station the speedy springing up
of a large and populous town. We refer our reader to a pro-
spectus, which he will find at page 9 of our advertising sheet, for
the reasons on which we ground this opinion.

42 DESCRIPTION OP THE RAILWAY.

and of goods from the canal, and is seldom honoured
by the transit of passengers, it will not be necessary to
be very minute.

The branch to the Greasbrough canal, upon diverg-
ing from the main line, approaches Masbrough by a
curve to the northwards, and unites with the North
Midland Railway at Masbrough-street, near the foot of
the hill leading to Ferham, the residence of William
Swann, Esq. From this point, as far as the Greas-
brough canal, the two railways run parallel with, and
close beside, each other.

A bridge carries both railways over the Masbrough
street. After which they encounter the high ground of
Masbrough Common, and pass under Back-lane, and
through a cutting nearly half a mile long and between
fifty and sixty feet deep, to the brook which separates
the township of Kimberworth and Greasbrough.
Here, on the left, appear Car House, now occupied
by Mr. Singleton, and The Clough, the residence of
George Wilton Chambers, Esq. ; and, on the right,
the river Don, with Eastwood, beautifully situated on
the opposite hill, and Aldwark, amidst the thick and
picturesque woods in the distance. The railway now
passes over the Rotherham and Wentworth turnpike
road by a neat and substantial bridge; and through
the lowlands, called Greasbrough Ings, on an embank-
ment from fifteen to twenty feet high, until it reaches
the Greasbrough canal. Here it terminates; and a
basin and wharf have been constructed for loading
and unloading goods from the canal,* which commu-

• From this wharf, in connexion with the Humber Union Steam
Packet Company, goods and merchandise can be shipped twice a

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY. 43

nicates with the river Don, at a distance of about 250
yards from this station. Uniting with the railroad at
this point, Earl Fitzwilliam has formed a branch rail-
way to his collieries, which is traversable by the
locomotive engines and colliery waggons. On the
Greasbrough branch, only a single line of rails has
been laid down, as the conveyance of coal is the
almost exclusive purpose for which it is designed.

We now return to the main line. At the Holmes
station, the road from the Holmes to Masbrough,
which is called Salter's Lane, crosses the railway upon
its level. Upon leaving the station, we have the
village of Masbrough very adjacent to us on the left;
Rotherham church lifts its lofty spire in advance; and
the valleys of the Don and the Rother display their
beauties on the right. Masbrough, in addition to its
iron works, can boast of a pottery and a glass house;
and the Don is there crossed by a stone bridge of five
arches. The Rother rises in the county of Derby, a
little to the south of Chesterfield. After flowing past
that town, it waters, during the rest of its course, a
lovely vale renowned in song, and forms a confluence
with the Don near the town which we are fast ap-
proaching, and for which it has furnished the name of
Rotherham.

The North Midland Railway here crosses the Shef-
field and Rotherham line by a magnificent viaduct.
The lofty embankment along which it proceeds can
be seen stretching up the valley of the Rother, almost

week, at the same rate of carriage as to Rotherham, and without
any charge of wharfage or cartage; and vessels discharging there,
can have the cargo delivered in Sheffield the same day.

44 DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY.

as far as the eye can reach. An imposing view is
afforded of a considerable portion of this vast work;
when the eye has followed it as far as it can, the
mind still runs on, and views it penetrating the huge
mountains and spanning the enchanting valleys of
Derbyshire. The desecration of this poetic valley by
the steam engine, has not been allowed to take place
unbewailed by the minstrels of the neighbourhood.

"Rother's Rose," sacred to poetry and sentiment,
shrinks from unfolding her red blossoms to the gaze of
every railway traveller, and blooms not beneath the
unpoetic cloud of vapour; and the poet cares not to
have the eyes of a thousand travellers upon him as he
wanders through the once secluded glades of his be-
loved valley, nor yet to have his divine inspirations
mingled with the inharmonious din of a hundred iron
wheels. The following elegiac strains would appear to
have been poured forth upon a farewell visit to this
beauteous, but now to the poet disfigured, vale:—

How still and silent seems this valley now,
Save when, at intervals, some rural sound
Breaks on the listening ear. How different far
Will all things seem, when on the iron road
The whirling steam car, with its waggon train.
Shall shoot adown the vale: fire, vapour, smoke.
Oft startling the lone wanderer, where e'en now
The nightingale enchants the quiet shade.

We mourn not, however, the change; and, were it
ours to possess the poet's laurel wreath, rather than
impede the progress of such works as this, we would
take the proud garland from our brow and cast it into
the flames of the locomotive itself.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILWAY. 45

The North Midland Railway strikes off from the
Midland Counties Railway about a quarter of a mile
from Derby. It first runs up the Derwent valley,
from which it emerges near Belper. It then passes
through the Amber valley, leaving Matlock six miles
on the left. It next enters the Rother valley and
proceeds along it past Chesterfield and across the
Yorkshire boundary as far as the Sheffield and Rother-
ham Railway. Proceeding northward, it passes three
miles to the east of Barnsley, and two and a half to
that of Wakefield. Ten miles from Leeds it is joined
by the Leeds and Manchester Railway, and shortly
afterwards by the York and North Midland. It ter-
minates at the east side of Marsh-lane, at Leeds, and
is there joined by the Leeds and Selby Railway. Its
total length is seventy-two miles; it passes through
five tunnels in its course, and is expected to cost at
least two millions sterling. The summer of the
present year will, in all probability, behold its com-
pletion; and, at the same time, we shall have the
happiness of again appearing before our readers as its
historian, describer, and eulogist.

The view of Rotherham from this part of the rail-
way, is beautiful and imposing ; but as it lies directly
in advance, it can only be seen by adventuring the
head from the window of the carriage. The church
rises majestically on the left of the landscape ; Can-
klow Wood clothes the hills which stretch far away on
the right; and, on the beautiful acclivity which forms
the centre, rests a considerable portion of the fair town
of Rotherham. On the top of the hill the Methodist
chapel stands conspicuously; and not far from it

46 DESCRIPTION OP THE RAILWAY.

appears the New Poor House. The mass of the town
lies beyond the rising ground, and is consequently in-
visible. Canklow Wood, which so beautifully over-
hangs the town, is the property of the Duke of Norfolk.
On the summit of the hill which it envelopes, a little
structure has been erected, on which the name of
Boston Castle has been bestowed. From this point
the eye can range over a wide tract of country; and
the prospect is as enchanting as it is extensive.

After crossing the headstream of the Holmes, we
cross the river Don company's new cut by a hand-
some bridge of three arches, of which the centre one
is iron and of thirty-six feet span. Again we cross
the headstream, and immediately afterwards the river
Don, by a noble wooden bridge of seven arches.
This bridge is well exhibited in the view of Rother-
ham, which forms the frontispiece of this volume.

Immediately after passing this bridge, we find our-
selves beneath the spacious shed of the Rotherham
station. As this, however, closely resembles that at
the other extremity of the line, a description of it is
unnecessary.

We have now accompanied our traveller to the end
of his locomotive flight. By the potent agency of a
little boiling water, he has been whirled from Shef-
field to Rotherham. We will now assume the more
old-fashioned office of the mere topographer, and
cause to pass before our reader whatever is most
worthy of his notice in the famous and ancient town to
which we have now conducted him.

ROTHERHAM. 47

CHAPTER IV

ROTHERHAM.

The town of Rotherham* is situated near the junction
of the little river called the Rother with the Don.
Baxter has given the true etymology of the name of
this stream from the fulness of his Celtic knowledge,
Yr Odar, (terminus,) the limit or boundary. There
are three rivers of this name in England, and they are
all limitary streams. A Roman origin has been
claimed for Rotherham. About half a mile higher on
the stream of the Don is a rectangular encampment,
which has long been known by the name of Temple-
borough, or Castle Garth by Templeborough, It is
situated on the south bank of the river, a very small
space being left between the outer agger and the water.
The area is defended by a double agger, the outer
line exceeding the inner considerably in height and
thickness. The lines are parallel, and the space be-
tween the two lines equal, except that it is much

* In introducing some few notices of the ancient history of
Rotherham, we shall at once own ourselves indebted to Dr.
Hunter's estimable work, "The History of the Deanery of Don-
caster;" and as this large and expensive work is necessarily in
very few hands, we hope our readers will thank us for making
more generally known this very small and condensed portion of
its valuable contents.

48 ROTHERHAM.

smaller on the side towards the north. The entrance
was on the south, where there was a depression in the
work exactly in the centre, A similar depression in
the north agger has at present the appearance of
having been no part of the original work, but made
since the whole plot was given up to the purposes of
husbandry. About 300 yards to the west of the camp
still higher on the river, is another earth work, but which
is probably only a fragment of some larger work, the
lines of which have been obliterated by the plough.

The form bespeaks it to be the work of a civilized
nation, and the Roman Idicia which are from time to
time discovered, leave no doubt that it was a work of
that people. Pieces of Roman brick-work and pottery
are found ; and coins are also sometimes discovered,
of which the most remarkable is an Aureus of Vespa-
sian.

The industrious and generally cautious Horsley has
fixed upon Templeborough, as the site of the Morbium
of the Notitia. The work of Richard of Cirencester,
with its new Roman Itinerary, had not been produced
in the days of Horsley. In that Itinerary we meet
with a station called Ad Fines, lying between Ches-
terfield, as it is supposed, and Castleford, and this
station, till the appearance of that Itinerary unknown
to our antiquaries, has been placed near Templebo-
rough, and the town of Rotherham is supposed to
have arisen out of it.

But there are no indications of anything resembling
a town in the immediate vicinity of Templeborough.
Rotherham, which is more than half a mile from the
camp, has no appearance of having been built on a

ROTHERHAM. 49

Roman model; and although the name of Rotherham
may appear to be a reflection of Ad Fines, yet it is on
the other hand to be considered, that if the Itinerary
be not a genuine work, an admirable hint for the name
of Ad Fines was afforded in the glossary of Baxter
under the word Rotherham.

On the whole as the subject now stands, I would
recommend to the good people of Rotherham, to be
content with a Saxon antiquity, to which the early
foundation of their church and the great extent of their
parish justly entitle them.

Lords of Rotherham. — In the times of the Con-
fessor, Rotherham was held by Acun, as a manor of
five caracutes. It was valued at £4, but at the time
of the survey, the value through some cause has fallen
to 40s. The new lord had one caracute in demesne
and eight villains, and three borderers, who had two
caracutes and a half; and there was a mill which how-
ever yielded no more than ten shillings rent. This,
with the church, was Rotherham at the end of the
eleventh century.

Acun was displaced with the other Saxon proprie-
tors, and his manor was given to the Earl of Morton,
who had subinfeuded Nigel Fossard before the date of
Domesday. The family of Nigel granted Rotherham
as a separate member of their fee, to a race of subin-
feudatories. One of these was Eustace Fitz John,
who received from Henry I., a declaratory or con-
firmatory charter of all his lands, in which are named
those which he held of the fee of William Fossard.
In conformity with this in the Testa of de Nevill,
we find William de Vesci, a descendant of Eustace,

50 ROTHERHAM.

holding one knight's fee in Rotherham, of Peter de
Mauley. The posterity of Eustace enjoyed a feudal
superiority at Rotherham, till the town and church were
given to the monks of Rufford. A branch of the
family of de Vesci, bearing the hereditary name of
Tilli, disputed with the posterity of Eustace the pos-
session of Rotherham. Dodsworth, copying as it
seems some ancient piece of evidence, says, "Robert
de Tilli was the first conqueror or purchaser of Rother-
ham, and from him issued John de Tilli ; and from
John, Ralph Tilli, and the same Ralph forfeited and
lost his lands of Rotherham, and King Henry, father
of King Edward, entered into the same lands and held
them as his escheat. John de Vesci in the reign of
Edward I., gave all he possessed at Rotherham, to the
monks of Rutford.

Dodsworth records that, in the answer which the
abbot of Rufford returned to the commissioners under
the quo narranto proceedings of Edward I., it being
demanded by what right he claimed assize of bread
and beer, tumbrel, pillory, standard of measure, of
both length and weight, infangtheof, gallows,* and
half the market; — he said he claimed in right of the
moiety of the manor of Rotherham, which had belonged
to Ralph de Tilli, &c.

* In conformity with this we find there is still a field known
by the name of Gallow-tree-hill, on part of the common lands of
Rotherham. Another kind of capital punishment was in use in
Rotherham in the time of the middle ages; for among the many
charges in the hundred rolls against Henry de Normanton, the
under-sheriff, was one, that he had taken the horse, value forty
shillings, of a certain thief beheaded at Rotherham.

ROTHERHAM. 51

For the next two centuries and a half Rotherham
was under the peculiar patronage of the abbots and
monks of the Cistertian house of Rufford, in Notting-
hamshire. To that house the whole church belonged,
and as they obtained an appropriation of it, it was
served by a vicar as is now the case. All the feudal
interests centred there. In the 13th year of Edward
I., the abbot of Rufford obtained a grant of free warren
in all his demesne lands of Rotherham.

Whatever the town of Rotherham might have been
previously, it appears that after the Conquest it
became something more than one of the agricultural
towns of the district, for we find it had a market
and fair while still in the hands of the Vescis. Of
the origin of this privilege, which was much coveted,
and doubtless very valuable in early times, we have
no account. It appears to have been a prescriptive
right, and may possibly have originated in the Saxon
times, when the church of Rotherham was the only
place of resort to a wide district, for the performance
of the rites of Christianity; for many are the instances
in which we find the meetings for traffic held at the
places which were peculiarly sacred to the purposes
of religion. Rotherham had unquestionably both a
market and fair long before we have any reason to
think that Sheffield enjoyed either of those privileges.
King Edward I., in the 35th year of his reign, 1307,
granted to the people of Rotherham another market,
which was to be held on Friday, and a fair, yearly, at
Midsummer. Two years after, another charter was
granted for a market and fair at Rotherham, probably
on the resumption of the former grant; for what reason

52 ROTHERHAM.

cannot be discovered, for the market is on the same
day, Friday; the fair however is not at Midsummer,
but on the eve, day, and morrow of St. Edmund, and
the five following days. This grant was made to Ed-
mund de Dacre; and Dodsworth notices one to the
same effect, except that the market was to be on the
Monday granted to the abbot of Rufford.

With these advantages, situated as it was upon one
of the principal high roads of the kingdom, the com-
munication between London and Carlisle, being in the
line of Mansfield, Rotherham, and Wakefield, popula-
tion would flow in upon Rotherham, and it would
acquire more definitely the character indicated by the
word town in the present use of it. The number of
its chantries, the devotion of property to public uses,
and the existence of streets possessing distinct appella-
tions, all bespeak that Rotherham was, in the middle
ages of our history, a place of some consideration,
though its name does not appear in our chronicles; and
having no residence of its lord, it affords in those pe-
riods very little matter for the topographical historian.

The name of Rotherham occurs but seldom in
the history of the public affairs of the kingdom. The
Queen of Scots rested a night there, in her journey
from Bolton to Tutbury ; and King Charles I., when a
prisoner in the hands of the Scots, was brought from
Wakefield to Rotherham, and after resting a night,
(in the house in High Street, which is now the bank,)
was carried to Mansfield.

The people of Rotherham zealously espoused the
parliament cause ; and the vicar, John Shaw, a most
uncompromising partizan, escaped very narrowly

ROTHERHAM. 53

when the town was taken by Lord Fairfax, by lying
for three days and nights in the church steeple, while
the Earl's forces were in possession of the town. His
own published account of his escape, is of a marvellous
and almost incredible description. It was on Rother-
ham Moor that the people assembled when the first
act of hostility in this part of the kingdom was com-
mitted, the burning of the out-houses of Sir Edward
liodes, at Great Houghton. This was in September,
1642. The townspeople immediately proceeded to
throw up works about Rotherham, and it was settled
as a parliamentarian garrison by Lord Fairfax. All
may perceive with what enthusiasm the people at
large entered into the contest, when it is slated that
even the school boys of Rotherham fought against the
Earl with courage and pertinacity ; about thirty under-
taking the management of a drake, which was planted
at the entrance of the bridge, and did considerable
execution against the assailants on the hill. The gar-
rison fought till all the powder they had was expended,
when they yielded the town on what Shaw the vicar
calls honourable terms.

The College of Jesus of Rotherham. — The
splendid foundation of archbishop Rotherham, is at
once the most prominent and by far the most interest-
ing feature of its history. Thomas Scott, or as he was
afterwards called, De Rotherham, was born on August
24th, 1423. He says of himself that he was born at
Rotherham, and in that particular part of the town
where afterwards he planted the college. He was
baptized in the church of Rotherham, and lived there
till he was removed to King's College, Cambridge.

54 ROTHERHAM.

On the accession of Edward he was nominated one of
his chaplains, and as in those days civil and ecclesias-
tical offices were often united, he was made secretary
to the king, the keeper of the privy seal, and finally, in
1474, lord high chancellor.

His ecclesiastical preferments were not less splendid.
He was provost of Beverley and of Wingham ; arch-
deacon of Canterbury; in 1467, bishop of Rochester;
1471, bishop of London; and finally, in 1488, made
archbishop of York. He died at Cawood, on May 29th,
1500, and was sumptuously interred in his own cathedral.

On the feast of St. Gregory the Great, 1482, he laid
the foundation of an edifice at Rotherham, which was
designed for the foundation of a college ; and on
January 12th, 1483, being then archbishop of York, by
his own ordinary metropolitical authority, he erected
one perpetual college, consisting of a provost and two
fellows ; and inducted, by the delivery of a ring, the
provost and fellows into the possession of the building
he had erected. The description of the site of the col-
lege is, a piece of land lying between the river and the
Abbot's Close, called the Imp Yard. An imp yard is
what is now known by the term nursery garden. Le-
land visited Rotherham while still the college was
flourishing. He says, "Rotherham is a meately large
market town, and hath a large and faire collegiate
church. The college was instituted by one Scott,
archbishop of Yorke, otherwise caullid Rotherham,
even in the same place where now is a very faire col-
lege sumptuously builded of brike,* for a provost,

* Several small portions of the original beautiful brick work
still remain to be seen in the College Inn Garden.

ROTHERHAM. 55

V prestes, a scholemaster in song, and VI chorestes;
a scholemaster in grammar, and another in writing."
It is presumed to have been one of the first edifices in
this part of the kingdom built of that material, as it
became a popular saying in the neighbourhood, "As
red as Rotherham College." It lived through the
attacks which King Henry made upon the foundations
of our ancestors; but it fell never to rise again beneath
the act of the 1st year of Edward VI. for the suppres-
sion of charities, colleges, and guilds. Its possessions
were seized and granted out in parcels to different
persons, and the building itself much altered, but
still retaining some marks of its pristine character, has
at last become an inn.

The Church of Rotherham. — The church of
Rotherham is one of the most beautiful in the diocese ;
it is in one instance called the church of St. Mary, but
is more commonly called the church of All Saints or
All Hallows. All Saints' day was the feast of dedica-
tion at Rotherham, and is still observed as the day on
which the Statutes are held.

It was erected in the reign of Edward IV., and arch-
bishop Rotherham,* whose heraldic insignia of three
bucks trippant appears upon it, was, if not the sole

• In another place Dr. Hunter says: "The church of Rother-
ham which appears to have been rebuilt by him from the founda-
tion, is itself a fabric of surpassing beauty; and the vestments of
his priests, and the utensils for the altar, were of the most costly
fabric and the most gorgeous description. A catalogue of them is
given by the archbishop himself, and fully bears out this statement.
Chalices and cups, basons, crosses, of the richest description;
vestments of coloured velvet and cloth of gold, to the number of
more than a dozen, are mentioned. Other persons contributed to
give the church an appearance of uncommon splendour.

56 ROTHERHAM.

founder, yet a principal contributor to a work, which,
without such assistance, was beyond the means of even
so extensive a parish, aided by the funds of a wealthy
monastic establishment. It is built of the red stone of
the neighbourhood. It presents to us a complete
model of the ecclesiastical architecture of England in
what is perhaps its purest age ; more adorned than in
the preceding century, but not with that extreme rich-
ness of minute ornament which appears in buildings of
half a century later. We enter by a noble porch on
the south side, to a lofty and spacious nave with side
aisles. The transverse beams of the cross are of the
same height with the highest part of the nave ; and at
the intersection rises a tall and graceful spire, with
pinnacles rising from its base, and accompanying it to
about a third of its height, and crockets to the top.
The head of the cross is so constructed as to afford
private recesses for the chantries * which were founded
in the church, and opportunities for processions to the
high altar, by having two chapels, one on each side in
the angle made by the cross beams with the head of
the cross.

The chapels are of the same height with the sides
within, and the clerestory windows of the nave have
others correspondent to them, through which light is
admitted to the chancel.

The old font, perhaps a relic of the Saxon church,
is in the churchyard. There are three stalls on the

f* The valor of King Henry mentions five chanceries in the
church, viz., the chantry of the Holy Cross, St. Mary, Our Lady,
St. Catherine, and the chantry of Henry Carnebull, who was
archdeacon of York, and one of the executors of archbishop Ro-
therham.

ROTHERHAM. 57

south side of the altar, and a slanting niche may be
observed, cut through the substance of a very thick
wall, through which a view was admitted of what
passed at the altar to persons assembled in the south
chancel. The north limit of the transverse beam is
separated from the rest of the church by some beau-
tiful cancella. Here, as it seems, was the chantry of
Henry Carnebull ; and the large altar tomb against the
north wall, with an enriched arch over it, may have
been his monument. The church within is well
pewed and lighted with gas, and proper regard is paid
to its being kept in good order. The Rev. Thomas
Blackley, is the vicar; the Rev. Frederick Blackley,
curate; and the Rev. Mr. Hugile, evening lecturer.

Public Institutions. — The Grammar School
was founded, as it is said, by Lawrence Woodnett,
Esq., of Lincoln's Inn, and Anthony Collins, Esq.,
of London, who, by deed dated September 1st, 1584,
conveyed to certain trustees, lands (supposed to be
crown lands) at Rotherham, Masbrough, and Brins-
worth, together with a building called the town hall,
for the purpose of establishing a grammar school;
but it seems that as early as the 3rd of Elizabeth,
1561, the sum of £10. 15s. 4d. was paid to the
masters employed in a grammar school out of the
profits of the country; most probably a reserve made
on the dissolution of the college.

Robert Saunderson, the divine and antiquary, was
educated at this school; and perhaps reflects more
honour on this institution than any other name con-
nected with it. He was born at Sheffield, and removed
with his father to Gilthwaite in his early childhood.

58 ROTHERHAM.

Charles Hoole, a kinsman of Bishop Saunderson, and
one of the most celebrated schoolmasters of his day,
was one of the masters of this school. The Rev.
Benjamin Birkett was for some years master to this
school, and, since his death, after a lapse of some
time, the Rev. Joshua Nalson, A.M., has been ap-
pointed.

The scholars have a claim to a fellowship and two
scholarships in Emanuel College, Cambridge, founded
by John Freston, of Altofts, in turn with other schools,
when they are not claimed by the scholars of the school
of Normanton. There is also a claim on a fellowship
of Lincoln College, Oxford. This school forms part
of a building which was erected in 1829, on the site of
the old town hall, by public subscription, amounting
to near £2,000, and which comprises the library,
the newsroom, and the dispensary. This latter ex-
cellent institution has been nobly sustained, and per-
haps is nowhere much more needed, than in a district
where the labouring class are, from the nature of their
employment, subjected to many accidents and injuries.
This institution, since its establishment in 1806, to the
present time, 1839, has afforded surgical aid and
medicine to 15,800 afflicted poor persons. Mr. J.
Goodall is the resident apothecary and secretary.

The Library contains upwards of 3,000 volumes
of books; and we dare venture to say, that a more
judicious and valuable selection will be seldom found.
Miss Turner is the librarian.

Opposite to this building is the Court House, a
large and handsome fabric, built at an expense of up-
wards of £5,000, with a noble court room, in which is

ROTHERHAM. 59

held the quarter sessions, public meetings, &c.; and
other spacious rooms, well adapted for the transaction
of the great weight of business which, as the centre of
the wapentake of Upper Strafforth and Tickhill, has to
be disposed of here.

Hollis's School was founded by Thomas Hollis,
who lived at Rotherham, and was buried there in
1663. He was a nonconformist, and placed the
patronage of this school in the hands of the minister
of the dissenting congregation which was formed
there; he was the principal contributor to the erection
of the Unitarian chapel, with which this school is con-
nected, and which was built in 1705. Of this chapel
the Rev. Jacob Brettel, author of "The Country
Minister," a poem too little known, and other poems
and elegant translations, is the minister.

The Feoffees' School, in the Crofts, was built in
1776. The yearly income of this school is stated to
be about £100.; of which, £50. is paid to the master,
and the residue expended in providing clothing and
books for twenty-eight boys and twenty girls, who are
instructed in reading, writing, and arithmetic. Great
attention is now paid by the gentlemen who form the
present feoffees, to the interest of the children attend-
ing this school. Mr. John Mycock is the master, and
Mrs. Mycock the mistress.

The British School was built by subscription in
1833, in which education on the Lancasterian system
is given to children of such of the labouring class as
choose to avail themselves of this means, on payment
of a small weekly sum. The schools will accommo-
date 200 of each sex. Mr. Sharp is the master of the

60 ROTHERHAM.

boys' school, and Miss Eliza Turner mistress of the
girls' school.

The Independent Chapel, at Masbrough, was
built principally at the expense of Samuel Walker,
Esq., and has, within the last two years, been consi-
derably enlarged, and the interior received much
tasteful and elegant improvement; which, together
with the advantage of being warmed in winter, by a
new apparatus, renders it a most comfortable and
pleasant place of worship. With this chapel is con-
nected the Independent college, erected in 1795, for
the education of ministers of the Independent con-
nexion: it has since been enlarged, and is capable of
accommodating twenty-five students, who are in-
structed in classics, mathematics, rhetoric, and com-
position, and attend regular lectures on theology.
Dr. Williams was the first president and theological
tutor, who was succeeded by Dr. Bennett, now of
London, and afterwards the Rev. Clement Perrot.
The Rev. W. H. Stowell is now the theological tutor,
and highly respected minister of the chapel; and the
Rev. Thomas Smith, A.M., the classical tutor. Some
of the most acceptable and talented amongst the minis-
ters of the present time, of this denomination, received
their education here.

The Methodist Chapel, in Talbot-lane, built in
1805, and since twice enlarged, is a handsome and
spacious structure, capable of holding upwards of
1,500 hearers, and is worthy of the highly respectable,
influential, and increasing, denomination to which it
belongs; and whose exertions at Rotherham, as at
other places, have been crowned with great success.

ROTHERHAM. 61

The present ministers are the Revs. William Leech,
James Bromley, and W. H. Taylor. With this, as
indeed with every other place of worship at Rother-
ham, large Sunday schools are connected.

The Methodist New Connexion have a chapel
in Westgate, but no regular minister appointed.

The Baptist Chapel, at the bottom of Westgate,
built in 1836, is a small but very elegant structure, in
the Grecian style, and is at once an accommodation
and an ornament to this end of the town. The Rev.
James Buck is minister.

Great alterations and improvements have been made
in Rotherham within the last twenty years. The
streets, which are in many places being widened, are
well paved, flagged, and lighted with gas; almost every
house in the town is supplied with excellent water; the
low and old buildings which deformed the High-street
and other parts of the town, have, in many instances,
given place to good substantial erections, with hand-
some fronts; and it may be reasonably supposed that
very few years will find still further and more important
improvements and additions effected, called for by
and calculated to meet the increased business which
the railways must necessarily bring into the town.
One striking and considerable improvement we must
not omit to mention, namely, the widening of the top
of Westgate; for which purpose from £2,000 to £3,000
was subscribed, and which will now present a spacious
entrance, formed of lofty and handsome buildings, of
which, the Ship Hotel forms the first and most distin-
guished object, supplying, as it does, a striking con-
trast in appearance to the old, low, and ruinous.

62 ROTHERHAM.

building which lately presented itself under that
name.

The corn and cattle markets, always considerable,
have been rapidly increasing in importance, particularly
the latter: within the last twelve months, about double
the amount of business was transacted to what was
done the previous year. In addition to the numbers of
Manchester butchers who have long frequented this
market for the purchase of fat cattle, many purchasers
from Leeds have lately been present; and, when the
North Midland opens its increased facility of inter-
course and conveyance, no doubt corresponding in-
crease in numbers may be calculated upon, from this
and other places on the line. Perhaps very few
places out of London can at times furnish a finer show
of cattle than Rotherham market.

VICINITY OF ROTHERHAM. 63

CHAPTER V.

VICINITY OF ROTHERHAM.

Leaving the town eastwardly, on the right of the road
leading to Doncaster is Clifton, the elegant mansion of
Henry Walker, Esq.; and a little further on, and on
the left of the road, Eastwood House, built by the late
Joseph Walker, Esq., and now the residence of James
Sothern, Esq. Two miles from Rotherham is Ald-
wark Hall, "embosomed in woods, among which the
river Don meanders until it retires into, and is lost
amongst, the thick foliage of Thrybergh Park," where,
three miles from Rotherham, beautifully situated,
rises Thrybergh Hall, a handsome Gothic structure,
erected by its present possessor, Colonel Fullerton.
About one mile to the right of the road from hence, is
Ravenfield Hall, the family mansion of the Bosviles,
now the residence of Thomas Walker, Esq,

Between six and seven miles from Rotherham, the
traveller comes to the pleasant and picturesque village
of Conisbrough, where the majestic keep of the demo-
lished castle arrests the eye; and where, higher up in
the village, the ancient tower of "the church the hill
top crowns." Sir Walter Scott, in a note to Ivanhoe,
says, "There are few more beautiful or striking scenes

64 VICINITY OP ROTHERHAM.

in England than are presented by the vicinity of this
ancient Saxon fortress. The soft and gentle river Don
sweeps through an amphitheatre in which cultivation
is richly blended with woodland; and on a mount
ascending from the river, well defended by walls and
ditches, rises this ancient edifice, which, as its name
implies, was, previous to the Conquest, a royal resi-
dence of the kings of England." A barrow in the
vicinity of the castle is pointed out as the tomb of the
memorable Hengist; and various monuments of great
antiquity and curiosity are shown in the neighbouring
churchyard.

Southwardly of the town, on the road leading to
Worksop, Mansfield, &c., the hand of improvement
has been busy, as the elegant residences of South
Terrace and South Grove manifest; further on, on the
left of the road, is Moorgate, formerly the residence of
Samuel Tooker, Esq.; and which, with its beautiful
grounds, plantations, &c., then formed the most at-
tractive feature the neighbourhood could exhibit: it
is now a boarding school. Further on, Boston Castle,
a shooting box built by Thomas Earl of Effingham,
crowns the summit of an eminence, which affords one
of the most splendid bursts of varied and striking
scenery which this part of the country, rich as it is in
such views, has to show. A little further on is the
residence of John Oxley, Esq, On the lower road,
southwardly of the town, is the Broom, the residence
of John Boomer, Esq., from whence the road diverges
to the left, through Wickerley, famous for its quarries,
whence Sheffield is supplied with grinding stones, past
Bramley to the charming village of Maltby; from

VICINITY OF ROTHERHAM. 65

whence a foot road leads amongst the quiet of a beau-
tifully secluded dell, through which the winding rivulet
"wanders at its own sweet will" to Roach Abbey;
and few, indeed, are the lovely spots on this green
earth which display a richer diversification of se-
questered sylvan beauty, hallowed by its venerable
vestiges of monastic grandeur, — relics of the olden
time, — than does this attractive spot, —

" Where the graceful ivy greenly creeps
O'er the grace of hoar antiquity."

We return to the town, and pursue the outlet by
Bridgegate. Passing over the bridge, on the centre
of which stands what was formerly a chapel, but is now
the gaol, and over the canal bridge, we come to Mas-
brough; a part of the suburbs which sprung up during
the rise and prosperity of the iron trade carried on there
by Messrs. Walker. Masbrough has to boast being
the birth-place of one of our best and most original
modern sons of song, Ebenezer Elliott; who, best
known by his least distinction of the "Corn Law
Rhymer," has poured forth his thoughts in fervid, mu-
sical, and glowing strains, which will live while poetry
can touch the heart, and when the debatable question,
now too much mixed up with his verse, shall have
become one of the "things which were." Passing
through Kimberworth, the road turns abruptly to the
right, and about four miles from Rotherham is the
entrance to ThunderclifFe Grange, the seat of the Earl of
Effingham; and a little further, on the right of the road,
amidst a wood of magnificent oaks, rises a lofty Doric
pillar, built by the Marquis of Rockingham, in honour

66 VICINITY OF ROTHERHAM.

of Admiral Keppel; from hence the road continues to
Chapel Town, Wharncliffe, Wortley, Peniston, &c.
Another road, after passing over the bridge, takes a
sudden turn to the right, and about one mile from
Rotherham, leads to the steel works belonging to
Messrs. William Oxley and Co. The extensive works
of the Birmingham Tin Plate Company, and the New
Park Gate Colliery, belonging to Earl Fitzwilliam,
from which, by an extension of the Sheffield and Ro-
therham Railway, as shown on the map, coals are
conveyed to Sheffield. A little further on, the road
passes through Rawmarsh to the Rockingham Works,
celebrated for the splendid specimens of china manu-
factured there by Messrs. Brameld. One of these, a
dessert service, made for his late Majesty, consisting
of upwards of 200 pieces, excited general admiration
from the beauty of the material, the excellence of the
workmanship, and elegance of taste displayed in its
production. They have lately introduced a novel
article in china bedsteads, which is stated to be under
the immediate patronage of her present Majesty. A
visit to these show rooms will highly gratify the curious
in porcelain ; the best white glaze being considered the
clearest and most perfect white that can be imagined.
Little more than a mile further is the considerable
village of Wath. Here, in his youth, with a shopkeeper
of the name of Hunt, lived the author of "The World
before the Flood;"* and here too, the idol of his early
worship, she who formed the " starlight of his boy-
hood," immortalised in his exquisite poem of "Han-
nah," resided,

* James Montgomery, Esq.

VICINITY OF ROTHERHAM. 67

Returning to where this road branches off at Mas-
brough, another road, passing Masbrough brewery,
Messrs. Singleton and Wingfield, the Phoenix foundry,
belonging to Mr. Sandford, the glasshouses of Messrs.
Close and Clark, and the Effingham works, belonging
to Mr. James Yates, in whose show rooms the visiter
will find great variety of beautiful specimens of iron
and brass castings in stoves, fenders, &c., and in iron-
stone china letters for signs and ornaments for deco-
rating buildings, of which new and beautiful articles
Mr. Yates is the sole manufacturer and patentee. The
road passes Carr House, late the residence of William
Fenton, Esq., and now of John Singleton, Esq.; and
about one mile from Rotherham is Barbot Hall, the
residence of Lord Howard. Of this place a beautiful
writer says:* "The site of this pleasant mansion
commands a magnificent semicircle of many miles
extent. The town, the River Don, Moorgate, Broom,
Clifton, Eastwood, Aldwark, and the woods of Raven-
field and Thrybergh, are all included in the prospect."

The village of Greasbrough is about a mile fur-
ther, and another mile the entrance to Wentworth
Park, a visit to which will afford the lover of magni-
ficent scenery a high gratification. The splendid
palace-like mansion, the woods, glades, lawn, and
waters; are all grand and striking, and, connected and
harmonised, as they now are, by judicious planting,
form a magnificent whole, while the cloud-capt height
of Keppel's column, the pyramidal elevation of Hoober
Stand, and the mausoleum, with its "classic dome,"

* Rhodes's Excursions in Yorkshire, &c.

68 VICINITY OF ROTHERHAM,

and interior with "richest sculpture graced," give to
different points of view a beauty and grandeur rarely
surpassed.

The west end of the town has been the scene of
most striking and considerable additions and improve-
ments. Here an elegant chapel has lately been built
by the Baptists; here is the Rotherham corn-mill, the
property of Mr. James Hodgson; the extensive brewery
of Robert Bentley, Esq., who has just erected a malt
house en such a scale as to form a considerable archi-
tectural ornament to this entrance. Above this rises
the New Union Poor-house, built at an expense of
upwards of £8,000; presenting, from the mass of
building of which it is composed and the elevation on
which it stands, a most imposing appearance. A little
beyond, on the brow of the hill, forming part of Moor-
gate plantations, is pointed out as the site of a new
cemetery; a company for the promotion of which de-
sirable object is now forming, with every probability
of succeeding in their undertaking.

Viewed from this wooded eminence, the viaduct,
forming part of the North Midland Railway, which
crosses the road to Sheffield, forms a fine feature in
the scene. It consists of twenty-five arches, including
two of seventy-two feet each span over the old river,
and is, indeed, a noble specimen of massive architec-
ture, which reflects upon Mr. Buxton, the contractor,
the highest and most unquestionable credit.

APPENDIX. 69

APPENDIX.

SHEFFIELD AND ROTHERHAM RAILWAY.
OFFICERS.

DIRECTORS.

William Vickers, Esq., Chairman.
Mr. John Booth, Deputy Chairman.

William Ibbotson, Edward Vickers, William Jackson, Thomas
Linley, William Swann, John Spencer, Samuel Jackson, James
Roberts, E. I. Heseltine, G. W. Chambers, William Glossop,
J G. Clark, George Knowies.

Solicitors. — Mr. Thomas Badger and Mr. Henry Vickurs. (The
transfer registration books are kept at Mr. Vickor's office, Sheffield.)

Engineer. — Mr. Frederick Swanwick.

Secretary. — Mr. Thomas Pearson.

Superintendent and Resident Engineer. — Mr. Isaac Dodds.

DEPARTURE OF TRAINS.

FROM SHEFFIELD,

At 7½, 8½, 9½, 10½, 11½, 12½, a.m.; and 1½, 2½, 3½, 4½, 5½, 6½, 7½,
8½, p.m.

FROM ROTHERHAM,

Every hour from 8 a.m., until 9 p.m.

SUNDAYS, FROM SHEFFIELD,

At 9 and 10 a.m.; and at 1½, 2½, 3½, 4½, 5½, 6½, 7½, 8½, p.m.

FROM ROTHERHAM,

At 9½ a.m.; and at 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, p.m.
The Station Gates will be closed precisely at the times above
specified for the departure of the Trains.
Parcels for Rotherham may be booked, free of charge, at
Messrs. Fisher and Holmes, Nursery and Seedsmen, Market Place,
Sheffield.

70 APPENDIX.

FROM THE SHEFFIELD STATION.

An Omnibus runs on the arrival of each Train, (fare 4d.,) pass-
ing the Tontine, Albion, Commercial, King's Head, and George
Hotels; and through the heart of the town, up the Glossop Road,
as far as the first toll bar, within a few minutes' walk of the
beautiful Botanical Gardens, the Cemetery, the Collegiate and Wes-
leyan Proprietary Schools, and some of the finest views in the
neighbourhood. The Omnibus returns by the same route, to the
Sheffield Station, in time for each train to Rotherham.

NORTH MIDLAND RAILWAY.
ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE OF THE TRAINS.

BETWEEN DERBY AND SHEFFIELD.

Departure from Sheffield. Arrival at Derby

5 30 a.m. 7 45 a.m.
9 15 ,, 11 30 ,,
12 noon. 2 15 p.m.
2 p.m. 4 15 ,,
6 ,, 8 10 ,,

SUNDAY TRAINS.

6 30 a.m. 9 a.m.
9 30 ,, 12 noon.
6 p.m. 8 25 p.m.

Departure from Derby. Arrival at Sheffield.

5 55 a.m. 8 a.m.
9 15 ,, 11 30 ,,
12 45 p.m. 3 p.m.
3 15 ,, 5 30 ,,
8 ,, 10 15 ,,

SUNDAY TRAINS.

9 0 a.m. 11 30 a.m.
3 0 p.m. 5 30 p.m.
6 40 ,, 8 0 ,,

APPENDIX. 71

BETWEEN LONDON AND SHEFFIELD.
Departure from London. Arrival at Derby. Arrival at Sheffield.

6 0 a.m. 12 30 p.m. 3 0 p.m.
9 0 ,, 3 15 ,, 5 45 ,,
1 0 p.m. 7 45 ,, 10 15 ,,
8 30 ,, 5 40 a.m. 8 0 a.m.

SUNDAY TRAINS.

8 0 a.m. 3 0 p.m. 5 30 p.m.
8 30 p.m. 5 40 a.m. 8 0 a.m.

Departure from Sheffield. Departure from Derby. Arr. at London.

5 30 a.m. 8 0 a.m. 3 30 p.m.
9 15 ,, 11 45 ,, 6 30 ,,
12 0 noon. 2 30 p.m. 9 30 ,,
2 0 p.m. 4 30 ,, 11 30 ,,
6 0 ,, 8 25 ,, 5 30 a.m.

SUNDAY TRAINS.

9 30 a.m. 12 0 noon. 7 30 p.m.
6 0 p.m. 8 25 p.m. 5 30 a.m.

BETWEEN BIRMINGHAM AND SHEFFIELD.

Departure from Sheffield. Departure from Derby. Arr. at Birm.

5 30 a.m. 8 0 a.m. 10 15 a.m.
9 15 ,, 11 45 ,, 1 45 p.m.
12 0 noon. 2 30 ,, 4 33 ,,
2 0 p.m. 4 30 ,, 6 30 ,,
6 0 ,, 8 25 ,, 10 45 ,,

Departure from Birming. Arrival at Derby. Arrival at Sheffield.

3 15 a.m. 5 40 a.m. 8 0 a.m.
6 45 ,, 9 0 ,, 11 30 ,,
10 30 ,, 12 30 p.m. 3 0 p.m.
1 0 p.m. 3 0 ,, 5 30 ,,
5 30 ,, 7 45 ,, 10 15 ,,

72 APPENDIX.

SUNDAY TRAINS.

3 15 a.m. 5 40 a.m. 8 0 a.m.
6 45 ,, 9 0 ,, 11 30 ,,
12 45 ,, 3 0 p.m. 5 30 p.m.

Note. — Passengers maybe booked through between LONDON
and SHEFFIELD, and BIRMINGHAM and SHEFFIELD,
by the above Trains, at the respective Railway Stations at those
places. Trains run between DERBY, NOTTINGHAM,
LOUGHBOROUGH, and LEICESTER; and Coaches to and
from LEEDS, YORK, &c., (those to and from York, in conjunc-
tion with the trains of the York and North Midland Railway).
Places by Coaches, in connexion with the North Midland Rail-
way, may be bespoken at the Branch Railway office, in Euston
Square.

A Quarter of an Hour is allowed at Derby for Refreshment.

ROTHERHAM.

MAGISTRATES, PUBLIC OFFICERS, &c.

Colonel Fullerton, Thrybergh Park; Henry Walker, Esq.,
Clifton; The Rev. George Chandler, Treeton; T. B. Bosville, Esq.,
Conisbro; Thomas Walker, Esq., Ravenfield Park; and Lord
Howard, Barbot Hall, Magistrates and Commissioners of Assessed
Taxes.

Rev. John Lowe, Swinton; John Aldred, Esq., Rotherham; Com-
missioners of Assessed Taxes.

Mr. John Oxley, Clerk to the Magistrates, and Commissioner
of Assessed Taxes for the Upper Division of Strafforth and
Tickill.

Thomas Badger, Esq., Coroner for the County of York.
Mr John Bland, High Constable, and Inspector of Weights and
Measures for the Upper Division of Strafforth and Tickhill

UNION POOR HOUSE.

Mr. Worsley, Governor; Mrs. Worsley, Matron; Rev. J. Hugill,
Chaplain; Mr. Joseph H. Turner, Surgeon; Mr. John Barras,
and Mr. R. T. Barras, Relieving Officers; John Oxley, Esq., Clerk
and Superintendent Registrar to the Union; W. F. Hoyle, Esq.,
Auditor.

APPENDIX. 73

FEOFFEES OF THE COMMON LANDS, (1840.)
The Feoffees of the Common Lands of Rotherham, are twelve in
number, elected by the freeholders and rate payers. Their income
amounts to about £6C0 a year, which is distributed in charities,
doles, coals, &c., &c., to the poor inhabitants, and to the improve-
ment of the town; there are at present two vacancies to be sup-
plied. The following gentlemen, with the earl of Effingham, at
present constitute this corporate body, viz., —

Messrs. Benjamin Badger, Greave; Thomas Badger, Thomas
Bagshaw, Edward Pagdin, Sen., Henry Walker, C. Nightingale,
John Nightingale, William Earnshaw, Robert Bentley.

An Act for a Local Court for the recovery of debts, of not more
than £15., was obtained on the 29th of July, 1 839. F. Maude, Esq.,
is appointed Judge, and E. Newman, and W. F. Hoyle, Esqrs.,
Clerks.

POST OFFICE.

Post Mistress, Mrs. Wilson.
Delivery of Letters. — London Letters, 12 noon. — Hull ditto,
1 p.m. — North ditto, 3 p.m.

COACHES, &c.

FROM THE STATION.

The Times — From Doncaster for the nine o'clock Train, return
to Doncaster after the arrival of the three o'clock Train, ex-
cept on Sunday, when it leaves on the arrival of the ten
o'clock Train.

The Commander in Chief — From Doncaster to meet the one
o'clock Train, returns to Doncaster on the arrival of the six
o'clock Train from Sheffield.

The Retford Coach — From the Crown Inn, Retford, on Monday,
at 5½ a.m.; Tuesdays and Thursdays, at 8 a.m.; and Satur-
day at 4 p.m. — From the Railway Station, Sheffield, on Sun-
day at 9 a.m., and Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 3 p.m.,
in time for Coaches to Gainsbro', Tuxford, Newark, London,
and all parts of the South; and in summer time will run
daily. The above Coach will pass through Wickersley,
Bramley, Maltby, Stone, Oldcoats, Blyth, and Barnby Moor.

74 APPENDIX.

The Pelham — From the Crown Inn, at Ό5 a.m., through Wickers-
ley, Maltby, Tickhill, to Bawtry, Gainsbrough, Louth, Lin-
coln, &c., and returns at 8 p.m.

The Packet Coaches — From the Crown Inn, at 6 a.m., to Thorne
water side, through Conisbrough, and Doncaster.

The Transit — From the Crown Inn, at 8 a.m. to York, through
Doncaster, returns at 8 p.m.

The Eclipse — To Doncaster, at 10 a.m., and returns at 4 p.m..

The Louth Mail — Through Wickersley, Maltby, Tickhill, Bawtry,
Gainsbrough, to Louth, at 9½ a.m., and returns at 3 p.m.

The London Mail — To Doncaster. at Ό12 a.m., and returns
at Ό1 p.m.

WATER CONVEYANCE.

River Dun Company's Wharf — Vessels every day to Thorne and
Hull, &c.

Pearson and Co. — Vessels in connexion with sailing Brigs, to
Stanton's Wharf, London, and with the Victoria, Gazelle, and
Yorkshireman Steam Packets. Agent, John Copeland, Esq.

Hull, Humber, and Steam Packet Company — Boats from the
Bridge, or Fleck's Wharf, on Wednesdays and Saturdays, to
their Wharf, 1 , Humber Place, Hull, in connexion with the
Wilberforce, Vivid, and Water Witch Steam Packets to Lon-
don. William Fleck and Co., Agents.

Thomas Smith — Vessels to Manchester, Lancashire, &c., every
fortnight.

Thomas Wright — Doncaster Market Vessels with Corn, &c, to
Sheffield.

John Newbold — New Fork Gate, Gainsbrough Canal Vessels.

ADVERTISEMENTS.

CLARK'S
METALLIC HOTHOUSE MANUFACTORY,
55, LIONEL STREET, BIRMINGHAM.

The above Establishment has been placed by its Proprietor
under the sole management of Mr. John Jones, whom that able
Horticulturist, Loudon, pronounces to be, in his judgment, "de-
cidedly the best Hothouse Builder in Britain," and whose elegant
structures have long formed the chief points of attraction in the
extensive Botanic Gardens, both of Manchester and Birmingham.
The great and flattering encouragement which Mr. Clark has re-
ceived from the principal Nobility and Gentry of the United
Kingdom, during the last twenty years, and more especially since
entering into the engagement with Mr. Jones, above referred to,
awards the most convincing proof of the vast superiority of his ,
Metallic Hothouses and Conservatories over all others; and the
spontaneous testimonials to the same effect, which have emanated
from various quarters in which they have been introduced, all
lend to establish and confirm the fact. Mr. Clark is also well
known as the Manufacturer of Copper Sashes of the most exquisite
workmanship, and which are adapted, not only for the mansions
of the opulent but for churches, and all other public buildings;
they have likewise been extensively introduced into the splendid
plate-glass windows of the first-rate shops in London, and other
large towns; for which, indeed, their extreme lightness, combined
with great strength and durability, render them peculiarly eligible.

2 ADVERTISEMENTS.

JAMES YATES,
MASBROUGH,

Ornamental Iron and Brass Founder,

MANUFACTURER OF
STOVES, STOVE GRATES, AND FENDERS
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

PATENTEE AND MANUFACTURER
OF THE
IRON STONE CHINA LETTERS
AND
FIGURES FOR SIGNS, ORNAMENTS, &c.,
FOR DECORATING BUILDINGS;

AND MANUFACTURER OF
EARTHENWARE IN GENERAL.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 3

COALBROOK-DALE CHINA.
Patronised by the Society of Arts,
JOSEPH JOHNSON'S GLASS AND CHINA ROOMS
61, AND 63, FARGATE, SHEFFIELD.

J. JOHNSON
Begs most respectfully to announce to the Nobility, Gentry, and the
Public in general, that having enlarged and newly fitted up his extensive
Rooms, he has added to his stock of Glass, China, and Earthenware, a
splendid assortment of the celebrated COALBROOK-DALE CHINA;
the Manufacturers of which have had presented to them, by the Society
of Arts, their Gold Medal for its superiority.

J. J.'s arrangement with this company will enable him to offer to his
Friends the newest and best patterns in china, Dinner, Dessert, Tea and
Breakfast Services, &c., manufactured in the Kingdom.

Complete Services, with Armorial Bearings, Crests, Initials, &c., painted
upon each piece, and Glass made and cut to order on the shortest notice.

The favour of a call will be highly esteemed.

Palmer's Metallic
Wick Candles and Lamps.

4 ADVERTISEMENTS.

ADAM RENWICK,

62, Central Buildings, Fargate, corner of Orchard St.
and 82, Fruit Market, Sheffield.

MANUFACTURER OF
Baskets and Hampers
Wholesale and Retail.

Dealer in Brushes, Coopery, Furniture, Sieves, Corn and
Wire Riddles, Toys, Turned and Fancy Goods, Hair Brushes,
Combs, &c.

FANCY REPOSITORY

WILLIAM JACKSON,
MARKET PLACE SHEFFIELD

FANCY BRUSHES,
Ivory, Tortoise-Shell and Horn Combs

ENGLISH AND FOREIGN TOYS,
Perfumery

AND A GREAT VARIETY OF USEFUL & ORNAMENTAL ARTICLES.
Ivory Combs at Manufacturers' prices.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 5

UNWIN AND RODGERS,

MANUFACTURERS OF PISTOL KNIVES,
FINE
PEN, POCKET, DESK, FRUIT, ARD SCISSOR
KNIVES

LOCK, SNECK, DAGGER, DIRK,
AMERICAN, INDIAN HUNTING,
AND
SELF DEFENCE KNIVES,

LANCETS,
IMPROVED PEN MACHINES, &c. &c.

No. 23, BURGESS STREET, SHEFFIELD.

JOHN SKINNER,
Sheffield,

MANUFACTURER OF
SCISSORS, KNIFE SHARPENERS, PLUMBERS' SHAVEHOOKS.
AND
STEEL PENS.

These Pens are so universally used and approved as to
render comment unnecessary. It will be sufficient to say, for the
information of those who have not tried them, that they are made
from Steel of a particularly elastic quality and exquisite temper,
and subjected to a process which effectually prevents their being
corroded by the ink; and so perfect is the principle upon which
they are constructed, that one trial will be sufficient to prove their
superior utility.

Sold by all Dealers in Steel Pens.

6 ADVERTISEMENTS.

JOHN HARDY,
52, BURGESS STREET, SHEFFIELD,

MANUFACTURER OF
Pearl and Polished Steel Articles,
BOOT HOOKS, BUTTON HOOKS, NAIL FILES, TWEEZERS,
CORK SCREWS, STILETTOS,
Fancy articles for Ladies' Work Boxes and Gentlemen's
Dressing Cases.

JOHN GREAVES AND SON,
56, South Street, London Road, SHEFFIELD,

BRASS FOUNDERS
AND MANUFACTURERS OF
Blistered, Shear, Coach Spring, and best refined cast Steel,
ALSO
SAWS, FILES, EDGE TOOLS, JOINERS' TOOLS, &c.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS OF DIAMOND CAST STEEL,
Which is confidently recommended as the best that can be used
for fine Cutlery, Turning Tools, Chisels, Mill Picks, and other
articles, in which an enduring cutting edge is required.

Corporate Mark.

JOHN DAVENPORT,
Rockingham Steam Engine,
185, ROCKINGHAM STREET, SHEFFIELD,

MANUFACTURER OF
SAWS, MACHINE KNIVES,
FOR CUTTING HAY AND STRAW;
MINCING AND SADLERS' KNIVES;

Inventor of the Patent Lathe-turned Circular Saws, Cast Steel Refiner, &c.; ALSO, INVENTOR AND SOLE MANUFACTURER OF THE
PATENT ELASTIC SILVER STEEL BUSKS FOR LADIES' STAYS,

WARRANTED NOT TO CORRODE OR RUST.
Black, Bright, Blue, Gold, Silver, and Copper Bronzed.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 7

WILLIAM SAXTON,
TOP OF HIGH STREET, SHEFFIELD,
Printer, Bookseller, Bookbinder, and Stationer.

Bibles, Prayer Books, Hymn Books, &c.,
IN PLAIN AND ELEGANT BINDINGS.
Ledgers, Day Books, &c., Ruled and Bound to any Pattern.

TRACT SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS IN GREAT VARIETY.

A Parcel from London every Week.

W. P. SLACK'S,
Private Commercial Boarding House,
10, MILK STREET,
SHEFFIELD.

DAVID WRIGHT,

MANUFACTURER OF
ALL KINDS OF SPECTACLES,
With Glass or Pebble Eyes;
MICROSCOPES,
Reading Glasses, Eye glasses, &c.,

94, FARGATE, SHEFFIELD.

Spectacles and Optical Instruments repaired. — Broken Plate
Glass purchased in any quantity.

8 ADVERTISEMENTS.

New and Second-Hand Book Repository,

STATIONERY WAREHOUSE, & PRINTING OFFICE,
Gibralter Street, Sheffield,
NEAR THE LANCASTERIAN SCHOOL.

J. PEARCE AND SON

Have on hand upwards of Twenty Thousand Volumes of New
and Second-hand Books, in all classes of Literature, English and
Foreign, which they are offering at very low prices, for ready
money.

A large stock of Stationery of every description.

PRINTING AND BINDING ON THE SHORTEST NOTICE.
PARCELS FROM LONDON TWICE A WEEK.

TO FARMERS, GRAZIERS, CATTLE DEALERS, &c.

EDMUND F. PLATT,
Chemist and Druggist
High-street, Rotherham,
Begs to invite attention to his Medicines and Preparations for the
prevention and cure of diseases in Horses, Cattle, and Sheep.
They are made from recipes of acknowledged merit, with drugs of
genuine quality; and, as remedies in the common disease of each
class of animals, will be found at once simple, prompt, safe, and
efficacious.

E. F. Platt, in thanking his Friends and the Public gene-
rally for their kind favours, begs to inform them that he has just
selected in London, from the first houses in each department, a
supply of genuine Drugs and Chemicals, Farina's Eau-de-
Cologne, Lozenges, Spices, &c., &c. Superior Sperm, Machine,
and other Oils; Sperm and Wax Candles, Oils, Faints, and
Colours.

Arabic Lozenges, highly recommended as an agreeable and effective
remedy in Colds and Coughs, price 2s. 6d. per packet.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 9

HOLMES ESTATE,
SITE OF ROTHERHAM NEW TOWN.

The owner of this extensive and valuable estate has instructed
Mr. William Flockton, Architect, to lay out some of the best parts,
in Convenient Lots for Building Purposes. It is a circumstance
of rare occurrence that an opportunity for investing Capital to
such advantage presents itself. The vast increase in the Value of
Property in particular Districts, consequent on those magnificent
Works, the Railways, in no place exceeds, if it equals, the advan-
tages obtained in the immediate neighbourhood of Rotherham,
but more especially on the Holmes Estate. The Grand Line of
Communication from the North to the South of Great Britain by
the North Midland Railway. The Sheffield and Rotherham
Railway joining hand in hand the two Towns ; and the New Canal
of the River Don ; all these pass in different directions through
the Estate, giving an almost Unparalleled Facility of Communica-
tion from the very threshold of Manufactories erected here, with
all parts of this realm, and the whole World. Few persons will
doubt but that along the line of the North Midland Railway, and
at the Junction of the Sheffield and Rotherham Railway and
Canal, with the North Midland, a new Town will of necessity
spring up. Here will be the Stations and Warehouses of the two
Railways and Canal; and it is not improbable that the celebrated
Cattle Market of Rotherham will be removed to adjoin the Rail-
ways. As a Situation for Manufactories, it stands without a rival.
The Neighbouring Lands abound with Minerals of the first Qua-
lity; there is an exhaustless supply of excellent water for Steam
Power,— an article frequently of more value for that purpose than
the land itself. It is the prevailing opinion that the heavier
branches of the Sheffield Trade will be gradually removed into
this Neighbourhood; and of this there can be no doubt, when the
immense advantages to be obtained are so apparent. Distance
from Sheffield, and insufficient roads, might have been fairly
urged against this opinion before the Railway was established ;
but now there is the best of roads, and the distance is annihilated.
A Merchant may leave his Villa on the West of Sheffield, and be
at his Works near Rotherham in little more than fifteen minutes.
Lots of land to suit the convenience of persons will be laid out
along the line of, and having a frontage, to the Canal and Rail-
ways.

The price will be such as to induce persons to embark their Capital on this eligible Site; and also those who have no immediate intention of building to
take plots prospectively. It is impossible to state the price in an advertise-
ment, as it will, of course, vary with the situation.

Plans of the estate may be seen, and further particulars had, at the offices of

Mr. W. Flockton, ARCHITECT,
DEVONSHIRE STREET, SHEFFIELD

10 ADVERTISEMENTS.

W. FLECK AND COMPANY,

IRON AND LEAD MERCHANTS,
CHEMISTS, &c,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL,
BRIDGE WHARF, ROTHERHAM.

DEALERS IN
Block Tin, Tinned Plates, Bar and Rod Iron;
SHEET, PLATE, AND HOOP IRON;
STEEL OF ALL KINDS; GLASS BOTTLES;
PATENT SHOT;
RED AND WHITE LEAD; SHEET LEAD AND LEAD PIPES;

Paints, Oils, and Colours;
VARNISHES, DRUGS, AND DRYSALTERY GOODS;
WHARFINGER'S COMMISSION
AND
GENERAL SHIPPING AGENTS.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 11

CROWN INN
POSTING ESTABLISHMENT
AND
GENERAL COACH OFFICE,
ROTHERHAM.

J. SHAW

Begs leave most respectfully to return thanks to the Nobility and
Gentry for the patronage and support with which he has hitherto
been honoured; and further begs leave to assure them, that no
exertion on his part shall be spared to merit a continuance
thereof.

COMMERCIAL GENTLEMEN and Others may depend upon
that sedulous attention being paid to their comfort, which, with
the superior accommodation this Old Established Inn has to offer,
will, he trusts, meet with and retain their approval and support.

Neat Post Chaise, and good Horses. — Funeral Equipages.
Lock-up Coach Offices, &c., &c.

12 ADVERTISEMENTS.

HOLMES HALL,
ANCIENTLY THE SEAT OF
THE EARLS OF EFFINGHAM,
AND MOST DESIRABLY SITUATED NEAR THE STATION OF THE
NORTH MIDLAND RAILWAY,
AT MASBROUGH,
AND AT ITS JUNCTlON WITH THE
SHEFFIELD AND ROTHERHAM RAILWAY.

A Licence having been obtained for the purpose of con-
verting the above capital messuage with its extensive premises
into an Inn, the Proprietor begs leave to call the attention of
Families, Commercial Gentlemen, and other Travellers, on the
above-mentioned lines of Railway, to the advantages connected
with this Hall, &c., as an Inn, to those whom business or pleasure
may call for a few days into this neighbourhood; combining, as
it does, the pleasantness of a country residence, amidst the beau-
tiful scenery surrounding Sheffield and Rotherham, with a close
proximity to the extensive and rapidly increasing business marts
connected with these places.

From this Inn (forming part of the projected New Town of
Rotherham) the Traveller will reach Sheffield in quarter of an
hour; Chesterfield in three quarters of an hour; Derby in one
hour and three quarters; Station near Barnsley in three quarters
of an hour; Station near Wakefield in one hour; and Leeds in
one hour and a quarter, &c., &c.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 13

NAGS HEAD INN,
MARKET PLACE, ROTHERHAM.

J. FLINTHAM,

Master Gardener, Florist, and Seedsman,
Begs leave to return thanks to the Public generally, for favours
already received in the above lines of business, and hopes by assi-
duity and attention to merit a continuance thereof.

BEEF STEAKS AND CHOPS ON THE SHORTEST NOTICE.

Bentley's Entire, Best Beer, and Spirits of the best quality.

GOOD BEDS, &c.

BUTCHER'S ARMS,
CATTLE MARKET, CROFTS, ROTHERHAM.

G. DOBB

Begs leave to return thanks to Farmers, Butchers, Cattle Salesmen,
and the Public, for favours already received, and hopes, by paying
every attention to their accommodation, to merit a continuance
thereof.

Market Breakfast table every Monday morning, extensive Stabling,
Grazing for Cattle brought to market, and every accommodation for
Farmers, Butchers and Salesmen attending the same.

BLUE BELL INN,
MARKET PLACE, ROTHERHAM,

WILLIAM PERKINS,

Begs leave to return thanks to his Friends and the Public gene-
rally, for favours already conferred upon him, and to assure them
that no attention on his part to their accommodation shall be
spared to merit a continuance thereof-

Fine ales, Best Beer, and Spirits of the best quality.

14 ADVERTISEMENTS.

R. ROBINSON,

TAILOR AND WOOLLEN DRAPER,
Hosier, Glover, &c.,
HIGH STREET ROTHERHAM,

Particularly invites the attention of the public in general to
his new Stock of Goods for the present Season, both in Woollen
Cloths, Kerseymeres, Toilanets, and other Novelties, suitable for
Gentlemen's Garments, as well as in London Beaver and Stuff
Hats, and Children's Caps of the newest patterns and primest
qualities, all of which he is offering at the most reasonable prices ;
and, having also received his supply of Fashions, (being regularly
forwarded from London,) he can assure those who may be pleased
to favour him with their orders, that every attention will be paid
to give satisfaction, and ensure future support

R. R. begs leave to call the attention of Sporting Gentlemen
to his superior Leather Small Clothes, Gaiters, and Overalls, made
in the most fashionable manner, and on the shortest notice.

A large quantity of Plate and Carriage Leathers of the best quality.

An assortment of Macintoshes constantly on hand.

ANGEL INN
HIGH STREET,
ROTHERHAM.

JAMES BOOTH

Most respectfully begs leave to inform Commercial Gentlemen
and the Public generally, that he has taken the above Old
Established Inn; and hopes, by constant assiduity and attention,
to merit a share of their patronage and support, assuring them he
will have

Wines and Spirits of the very best Quality.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 15

F. DENTON,

WATCH MAKER AND JEWELLER,
HIGH STREET, ROTHERHAM.

GOLD AND SILVER WATCHES, GOLD RINGS, WEDDING RINGS.
MOURNING RINGS, WATCH APPENDAGES, ETC.

Clocks and Watches expeditiously and accurately repaired.

W. H. TAYLOR,

COMMERCIAL EATING HOUSE
AND
COFFEE ROOMS.
NEAR THE RAILWAY STATION, ROTHERHAM.

Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner, Tea, and Supper, supplied on the
shortest notice.

GOOD BEDS, &c.

J. MOWER,

SADDLER AND HARNESS MAKER,
MARKET PLACE, ROTHERHAM,

Begs leave most respectfully to return thanks to the Gentry and
Public generally for their patronage and support; and hopes, by
assiduity and attention, to merit a continuance thereof.

Portmanteaus, Carpet Bags, Carriage and Door Mats.

A great variety of London Whips, Bits, and Spurs.

AN EXCELLENT ASSORTMENT OP ALL SORTS OF HORSE CLOTHS, ETC.

16 ADVERTISEMENTS.

THE ARROW,
A NEW COACH TO LEAMINGTON,
THROUGH
Kenilworth and Warwick.
(Seven miles nearer than by way of Coventry,)

IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE FIRST MORNING TRAIN FROM,
AND THE LAST EVENING TRAIN
TO DERBY,

Affording the most direct communication between Nottingham,
Sheffield, Leeds, Derby, Burton, Tamworth, Coleshill, Hampton,
Kenilworth, Warwick, and Leamington.

FARES.
LEAMINGTON.
Ins. Out. MERIDEN.
MERIDEN 6 0 4 0 s.d. s.d. HAMPTON.
HAMPTON 5 6 3 5 1 6 1 0 s.d. s.d. KENILWORTH.
KENILWTH 1 6 1 0 3 0 2 0 2 6 2 0 s.d. s.d.
WARWICK 1 0 6 0 4 0 5 6 3 6 1 6 1 0

THE ARROW COACH

Leaves Hampton-in-Arden Railway Station for Kenilworth, War-
wick, and Leamington, every morning (Sunday excepted), about
ten o'clock, after the arrival of the first train from Derby, and re-
turns every evening (Sunday excepted), at a quarter before five
o'clock, from the

CROWN HOTEL, LEAMINGTON,
Calling at the Warwick Arms, Warwick, and King's Arms, Kenil-
worth, in time to convey Passengers to Derby or Birmingham by
the 1st Train. The most reasonable charge will be made on all
Parcels directed to go by the ARROW Coach, together with imme-
diate Deliverv.

CHARLES BLAKESLEY,
Proprietor.

Post Horses, Chaises, &c., are in readiness on the arrival of
Derby Trains, — Hampton being seven miles nearer Leamington
and Warwick, than by way of Coventry; this route also affording
a view of the beautiful ruins of Kenilworth Castle.
Hampton Railway Station, Oct. 1, 1839.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 17

By Special appointment

THOMAS WILKINSON AND SON,

MANUFACTURERS OF
SCISSORS
IN ORDINARY TO HER MAJESTY,
AND
GENERAL CUTLERS,
27, HIGH STREET, SHEFFIELD,
( Opposite the Post Office ).

SOLE MANUFACTURERS
OF THE
IMPROVED PATENT TAILOR'S SHEARS,
WITH BRASS OR GERMAN SILVER HANDLES,
AND
WARRENTED CAST STEEL BLADES.

18 ADVERTISEMENTS.

WILLIAM PARKER,

ATTERCLIFFE, NEAR SHEFFIELD,
AND
POND FORGE, SHEFFIELD,

MANUFACTURER OF
Spades and Shovels, all sorts Patten Rings
Shod Tools Spade Shafts
Grafting Tools Waggon Clouts
Paring Spades Peal Plates
Hay Spades Water Tue Irons
Cinder and Dust Shovels Gavelocks
Tulip Shovels Scrapling Irons
Stove Shovels, iron and wood handles Navigator's Picks
Stoaking Shovels Stone Wedges
Crane Chains, all sizes Sledge and Hand Hammers
Chain Cables Stone and Masons' Hammers
Cart and Plough Traces Blocks, all sizes
Rack Chains Tinmen's and Braziers' Tools, all sorts
Sacktackle Chain
Backbands Steel
Cow and Beast Chains
Hames L Bar
Mill Chisels Double Shear
Scrap Anvils Single Shear
Vices, Scrap Iron Cast Steel
Oval and Bound Frying Pans Coach Spring
Lead Ladles

Shear Steel made. Scrap Iron manufactured,
SPADES AND CAST TROWELS PLATED AT POND FORGE,

Rolling at the Soho and Pond Forge Mills.

TIMOTHY SCOTT,
PRINTER AND BOOKSELLER,

Removed from High-st.,
To larger Premises a little above the Cutler's Hall, in
CHURCH STREET,
SHEFFIELD.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 19

THE
TEA WAREHOUSE,
ANGEL STREET,

Established for supplying the inhabitants of Sheffield and the
public, with
TEAS
Offering choicest and most delicious flavours, at the lowest possible price,
BY
BALLANS AND COMPANY
Who beg to inform the public that their whole
TIME, TALENTS, AND CAPITAL,
are employed in the selecting of TEA. Their customers may at
all times depend upon obtaining the best and choicest descriptions
OF
CONGOU, SOUCHONGS, NING YONGS,
SCENTED ORANGE PEKOES,
CAPERS,
FLOWERY, OR BLOSSOM PEKOES,
HYSONS,
YOUNG HYSONS, IMPERIALS,
AND
GUNPOWDERS,
AT A SMALL PROFIT ON THE FIRST COST PRICE.

TEA WAREHOUSE,
ANGEL STREET, SHEFFIELD.

20 ADVERTISEMENTS,

M. BARNES,

MANUFACTURER OF
SCISSOR KNIVES, PEN AND POCKET KNIVES,
TABLE KNIVES, &c.,
No. 13, ALLEN STREET, SHEFFIELD.

SHEFFIELD AND ROTHERHAM
CHEAP CLOTHING ESTABLISHMENTS.

THOMAS WILD,

45, FARGATE, 62, SNIG HILL,
( Opposite the Black Swan,)
SHEFFIELD,
ALSO TOP OF HIGH STREET, ROTHERHAM,

Begs most respectfully to inform his Friends and the Public that he has
always a large assortment of
New and Second-hand Clothes,

Consisting of Top Coats, Body Coats of all colours, Trowsers and Waistcoats,
of every description, also a large assortment of

WEST OF ENGLAND AND YORKSHIRE CLOTHS,
CASSIMERES, FANCY GOODS, WAISTCOATINGS, &c,
In great variety.

Hats, Caps, Macintoshes, &c., of the best manufacture.

N.B. MOURNING made to order on the shortest notice. The best Workmen
employed.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 21

CHARLES F. YOUNG,

35, HIGH STREET, SHEFFIELD,
MANUFACTURER OF
SILVER AND SILVER PLATED GOODS,
JEWELLER, CUTLER,
AND GENERAL FURNISHING IRONMONGER.

This extensive Establishment and Suit of Rooms, offers to the inspection
of the public,

A LARGE AND CHOICE SELECTION OF
FINE JEWELLERY,

Consisting of
LADIES' AND GENTLEMEN'S GOLD AND SILVER
ENGLISH AND FOREIGN WATCHES,
Of the best quality and workmanship,

GOLD, NECK, AND GUARD CHAINS,
EAR-RINGS, SUITS, &c., &c., &c.,
SILVER, TEA AND COFFEE SETS, SPOONS, FORKS, &c.,
AND ALL OTHER
ARTICLES IN SILVER PLATE.
PLATED TABLE SERVICES, VIZ:—

Dishes and Covers, Corner Dishes, Epergnes, &c., to coiTespond; large
and SMALL waiters, with rich Silver Mountings and Shields; Tea and
Coffee Sets,; Swing Kettles; Candlesticks and Branches, and all other
articles; Table and Pocket Cutlery in all its branches; Bronze and Or-
Molu Table and Chimney Piece Ornaments; Spring Time Pieces; Cabinet
Wares; Fancy articles in Silver, Mother-of-Pearl, and Tortoise Shell, &c.,
Papier Machee and Japanned Trays in extensive variety; Suspending and
Table Lamps, &c., &c.; Bronze and Steel Mounted Fenders, Polished Fire
Irons, and all other articles in the Furnishing Department.

Livery Dies and Buttons, Arms, Crests, and Mottos, &c.,
Engraved on Seals, Plate, &c., to order.

C. F. Y. will have much pleasure in showing his Establishment to Parties
passing through Sheffield, as he trusts it will deserve their attention.

22 ADVERTISEMENTS.

GENUINE DRUG ESTABLISHMENT.

ROBERT HARDY

CONFIDENTLY RECOMMENDS HIS SUPERIOR —

POLISHING PASTE, for cleaning Brass, Tin, Pewter, German Silver,
Britannia Metal, &c., in pots at 6d. and 1s. each.

PLATE POWDER, for giving a beautiful appearance to Silver, Plated Goods,
&c., 1s. per box.

LIQUID BLACKING, in bottles at 1s. and 1s. 6d. each; 10s. and 15s. per
dozen.

ESSENCE of ANCHOVIES, 1s. per bottle; 10s. per dozen !!!

SUPERB SAUCE, for Fish, Game, Steaks, &c., 2s. per bottle. The superior
richness and flavour of this much admired Sauce is unequalled.

MARKING INK, for writing on Linen, &c., requiring no preparation, 1s.
per bottle.

CAMPHORATED and other TOOTH POWDERS, 1s. per box.

LAVENDER WATER, of superior quality.

COLD CREAM and LIP SALVE.

CHRYSTALLIZED AROMATIC VINEGAR, in neat stoppered bottles,
1s. 6d. each.

ADELAIDE PERFUME, for the Handkerchief, in bottles at 2s. and 3s. 6d.
each.

BRITISH EAU DE COLOGNE, 2s. per bottle.

EFFERVESCING LEMONADE POWDERS, for the immediate produc-
tion of Lemonade, in the highest state of perfection.

SEIDLITZ and SODA POWDERS, &c., &c.

A supply of the finest Wax, Spermaceti, and London Mould Candles,
Durham Mustard, Pickling Vinegar, Spices, finest Isinglass, new Almonds,
Mulgatawny Paste, genuine Cayenne Pepper, Fish Sauces, Windsor and
Fancy Soaps, Tooth and Nail Brushes, Havanna Cigars, German Eau-de-
Cologne, &c., &c.

PICKLES, 1s. per bottle; 11s. per dozen !!!

Patent Medicines and Perfumery.

OILS, PAINTS, AND COLOURS.

HORSE AND CATTLE MEDICINES.

AGENT FOR THE SALE OF HOLLAND'S SNOW AND WATERPROOF LEATHER
PASTE.

Agent to the Celebrated
East India Tea Company,
For the Sale of their much admired TEAS, in Packets from an Ounce to a
Pound.

ROBERT HARDY,
DISPENSING CHEMIST,
No. 3, CASTLE STREET SHEFFIELD.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 23

ESTABLISHMENT FOR THE SALE
OF
WINES AND SPIRITS,
BY
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL

CONDUCTED BY
JOHN BOLTON AND COMPANY,
{From London,)
No. 2, Market-street, and 102, West Bar Green,

CORNER OF STEELHOUSE LANE,
SHEFFIELD.

TO THE INHABITANTS OF SHEFFIELD, ROTHERHAM, AND THE SURROUNDING
DISTRICT OF COUNTRY.

We beg to direct your attention to the above Establishment, where you may
be supplied with Wines, Spirits, and every article in the trade, of sterling and
genuine quality, at the very lowest rates, consistent with our invariable
system of payment on the delivery of goods. We do not insert a list of the
prices of our articles, but trust to the high celebrity that their price and ex-
cellent quality obtain for us wherever they are introduced; and which, since
our commencement in Sheffield, in 1829, have secured to us the success and
pre-eminence in the trade which we now enjoy, and to which we proudly refer,
as a guarantee to those who have not yet paid a visit to our Establishments.

We also add, that, in addition to those in Sheffield, we have three of the finest
Establishments in the trade in London, viz., at 16, Queen's Buildings,
Knightsbridge; 34, King's Cross ; and in the Commercial Road East; and,
by the employment of an ample capital, expended with the experience which
the conducting of an extensive trade for more than thirty years must neces-
sarily engender, we supply every article in the trade under such advantages to
the public as cannot be surpassed by any other firm in the kingdom. Our
British Spirits are rectified expressly for our Establishments, by the finest house
in the trade in London; and our Foreign Wines and Spirits are imported and
selected from the finest parcels imported by other merchants, with such a nice
discrimination and judgment, as can only be attained by one who has devoted
the greatest part of his life to it, and which department of the trade is managed
by one of the partners in the firm, who resides continually in London.

We have the honour to subscribe ourselves.
Your obedient Servants,
JOHN BOLTON & CO.

24 ADVERTISEMENTS.

JOHN AND WILLIAM RAGG,
NURSERY, SHEFFIELD,

SOLE MANUFACTURERS
OF THE
NAPOLEON AND PARAGON RAZORS,
OF PRE-EMINENT EXCELLENCE:
ALSO,
SCISSORS
In every variety, from the lowest to the most elegant and costly.

ARTIFICIAL TEETH AND GOLD PALATES.
Mr. ESKELL, Surgeon Dentist.

The loss of Teeth supplied on the improved principle, whether arising
from neglect, disease of the gums, or age; from a single Tooth to a com-
plete set, without extracting the roots, or giving any pain, and in every
case restoring perfect articulation and mastication. Mr. Eskell assuring
the public, that he has brought the science to that state of perfection that
the Artificial Teeth are not discernible from the productions of nature,
and likewise warranted to bite the hardest substance without pain or in-
convenience; tender and decayed Teeth effectually preserved from further
decay, and every case appertaining to his profession submitted to his care, will meet with immediate attention,

AT HIS ESTABLISHMENT,
9, Norfolk Street, opposite St. Paul's Church,
SHEFFIELD.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 25

GERMAN WHEATCROFT AND SONS,
NORFOLK ROW,

HAVING ENTERED INTO AN ARRANGEMENT
WITH THE
BIRMINGHAM AND DERBY
JUNCTION RAILWAY COMPANY,

Beg to inform their Friends and the Public generally; that they have put on SPRING-VANS
WHICH LEAVE THEIR WAREHOUSE, NORFOLK ROW,
Every Evening at Nine o'clock.

And arrive at Derby for the Morning Trains — thereby ensuring delivery in
Birmingham at 2 o'clock, p.m. next day, and London the day following.

THEIR CONVEYANCES LEAVE
BIRMINGHAM DAILY FOR
WORCESTER, GLOUCESTER, BRISTOL,
And all parts of the West.

Their Trains leave Birmingham every Morning at a quarter-past Six,
delivering early the following Morning in Sheffield; from whence proceed
their
Post Waggons to Barnsley, Yorke field, Leeds,
And all parts of the North.

POST-WAGGONS EVERY EVENING
To their Establishment, Buckland-Hollow,
FROM WHENCE,
FLY BOATS
PROCEED TO BIRMINGHAM, WORCESTER, GLOUCESTER,
BRISTOL, AND ALL PARTS OF THE WEST;
And to Leicester, Market-Harborough, Northampton,
London, and all parts of the South.

Waggons every Evening for Manchester, Liverpool, &c.,
as usual.

G.W. and SONS beg to remind the Trade of Sheffield, that they are
the ONLY Carriers who work through themselves, thereby ensuring re-
gularity and dispatch, which cannot be relied upon when goods pass
through several Carrier's hands.

26 ADVERTISEMENTS.

THE
TEA AND GROCERY
ESTABLISHMENT,
20, HAYMARKET, SHEFFIELD, 20

EDWARD BINGHAM,
PROPRIETOR.

At this Establishment Families are supplied with strong rich flavoured
TEAS, and at Prices materially below those generally charged by dealers in
the country, a fact, which if brought to the test of comparison will be
readily acknowledged.

TEA is an article in which such a variety of qualities and flavours
prevail, that great care and nicety is requisite in making selections. As
quality is the only criterion of cheapness, those who judge by actual
value, and not exclusively from the low price at which goods may be
advertised, will be induced, on comparison, to give a preference to the
STRONG ROUGH BREAKFAST TEAS, and the RICH PEKOE SOU-
CHONG, as the most useful Teas in point of strength, flavour, general
utility, and sterling value.

He has always on hand a large assortment, at such prices as to meet
the views of the most frugal. Also a great variety of the most choice
and rare sorts of Padrae, Pekoe, Pouchong, Caper, Ouchain, Hysons,
&c., &c., at reasonable prices, and which will be sought after by con-
noisseurs.

The following list is respectfully submitted, as being with respect to quality
and price

EQUAL TO ANY HOUSE IN THE
METROPOLIS:-

BLACK TEA. GREEN TEA.
Congou, strong, rough body Good Strong Twankey
Fine ditto, full body Fine Bloom
Superior ditto, Pekoe flavour Fine Hyson
Very strong Cowslip ditto
Choice Pekoe Souchong, full and rich Fine young Hyson
Fine Souchong Fine Ouchain
Lapsang ditto Imperial Hyson
Caper ditto Fine Gunpowder Hyson
Pouchong
Padrae
Pekoe Blossom
Orange Pekoe

In Coffees he recommends the Demerara and Berbice for strength, and the
Mountain Jamaica, Ceylon, Bourbon, and Turkey or Mocha, for fullness and
richness of flavour.

The proprietor of the above Establishment respectfully cautions the Public
against the unsound Teas and Coffees, of which there is so large a proportion,
as injurious, and even dear, however low the price.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 27

W. & H. HUTCHINSON,
76, NORFOLK STREET, SHEFFIELD,
MANUFACTURERS OF
SUGICAL AND VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS,
Self-injecting Enema Apparatus, Trusses, Stomach Pumps, Spring Fleams, and complete
sets of Instruments for Naval and Military Surgeons.
LANCETS OF SUPERIOR QUALITY,
And every other Instrument and Apparatus used by Physicians, Surgeons and Apothecaries.
MEDICINE CHESTS
In great variety, Wholesale and for Exportation.

28 ADVERTISEMENTS.

BEARDSALL'S

TEMPERANCE HOTEL
AND
COFFEE HOUSE,
32, CHANGE ALLEY,
SHEFFIELD.

Good accommodation at hand for Horses and Carriages.

WILSON AND SOUTHERN,

SOLLY STREET AND WEELDON WORKS,
SHEFFIELD,

Manufacturers of
SHOE, BUTCHER, BREAD,
AND
COOK KNIVES,
TABLE KNIVES AND RAZORS,
By a particular process ;
AND
GENERAL DEALERS IN CUTLERY.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 29

SAMUEL COCKER AND SON,
PORTER WORKS, SHEFFIELD,
MANUFACUTERS OF THE
Best refined Steel Files, Wire Hackle and Gill Pins, Spiral Springs, Awl Blades, Wool
Comb Brooches, Needle Point Card Cloth;
AND
NEEDLES
MADE BY PATENT MACHINERY.

30 ADVERTISEMENTS.

JOSEPH WOLSTENHOLME,
BROAD STREET PARK,
SHEFFIELD,

MANUFACTURER OF
BRITANNIA METAL
AND BRITISH PLATE
In every variety of pattern,
Of a superior quality, and on the most reasonable terms.

The durability of British Plate is greater than Silver, and unite
usefulness and elegance with economy.

To Hotel and Tavern keepers, and in sea risks, it offers peculiar advantages.

ORDERS FOR EXPORTATION AT THE SHORTEST NOTICE.

General Drug and Dispensing Establishment,
High Street, (corner of George Street,)
SHEFFIELD.

G. B. MARGETTS,
(SUCCESSOR TO MR. RICHARD BABBISON,)

RESPECTFULLY informs the Nobility, Gentry, Clergy, and Public generally,
of Sheffield and its vicinity, that he will be enabled, from extensive alterations
in his Shop, to transact business with dispatch, and dispense Physicians'
Prescriptions with the greatest accuracy. He also hopes, by selecting
genuine Drugs and Chemicals of the utmost purity, from the first houses in
the trade, combined with moderate charges, to merit their patronage and
support.

G. B. M. begs at the same time to call the attention of those who may
favour him with their commands, to the following brief list of select articles: —

Chemical Apparatus; a large assortment of richly cut Toilet and Smelling
Bottles; Medicine Chests of all sizes, upon the shortest notice; Seidlitz,
Soda, and Ginger Beer Powders; highly carbonated Soda Water; Farina's
Eau-de-Cologne; Otto, British Lavender; best Gorgona Anchovies; Ham-
burgh Leeches; finest Wax and Spermaceti Candles; genuine Sperm and
Seal Oil; with every other preparation either for Medicines or domestic
purposes.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 31

LONDON OYSTER ROOMS
WATSON'S WALK, SHEFFIELD.

PAUL ASHLEY

Begs to return thanks for the support with which he has been favoured, and
to announce that his engagements in London enable him to have a daily
supply of the

Best Native Oysters, direct from the Boats.

Those Friends who may favour him with their Orders, can have any
quantity sent direct from Town, by informing him three days previous to the time required.

Out-doors 1s. and 1s. 3d. per score. | Barrels 6s. and 8s. each
In the Rooms 1s. 4d. ditto. | Double Barrels 16s. ditto.

Private Oyster Room up stairs. Country Orders duly executed.

INDIA PALE ALE.

This favourite Beverage, brewed expressly for the East Indies, is
strongly recommended by the Faculty in this Country, for persons suffering
from Bilious Complaints, Indigestion, &c., and may be drank even by the
most delicate, with whom no other Malt Liquor will agree.

From the extreme perfection to which this Ale has been brought, to enable
it to withstand the effects of an Indian climate, it is divested of every particle
of acidity, and is a most delightful Summer Beverage ; and at the table of the
Connoisseur, entirely supersedes Porter and other heady kinds of Malt Liquor.

To be had both Draught and in Bottle, of

P. ASHLEY,

25, London Oyster Rooms, and 26, Waterloo Wine and
Spirit Vaults,
WATSON'S WALK, SHEFFIELD.

Pints.... 4s. per Dozen for Cash. Quarts 7s. 6d. ditto, ditto.

Bottles and Hampers charged, and allowed for when returned.

Wines and Spirits.

BURTON AND HOME BREWED ALE.

LONDON BOTTLED AND DRAUGHT PORTER, ETC.

The Sun newspaper received daily; Bell's Life in London, the York
Herald, Sheffield Mercury, and Doncaster Gazette, as soon as possible after
publication.

N.B.— The rooms for the purveying of Oysters are open for Gentlemen to
give orders; and the India Pale Ale may be had in draft at 2½d. per glass, or
10d. per Quart; or in Small Bottles at 4d., and Large Bottles at 8d.; as also
the Strong Burton Ale, and home-brewed Beer.

32 ADVERTISEMENTS.

HENRY HAWKSWORTH,
31, EARL STREET, SHEFFIELD
MANUFACTURER OP
JOINERS TOOLS, SKATES,
BRACES, BITS, GIMBLETS, &c, &c,
Of every description and superior quality.

SPEAR AND JACKSON,
STEEL CONVERTERS AND REFINERS,

MANUFACTURERS OF
SAWS, FILES, EDGE TOOLS,
LEDGER BLADES,
CURRIER’S KNIVES, MACHINE KNIVES, &c.,

SAVILLE WORKS, SHEFFIELD.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 33

T. WILEY,

Foreign and British
WINE AND SPIRIT MERCHANT
AND
GENERAL NEWS AGENT,

Old Haymarket, (opposite the Tontine,)
AND
No. 2, CASTLE FOLDS,
Sheffield,

Thankfully acknowledges the liberal support he has hitherto received, and
which his system of business has secured to him in Sheffield and neighbour- hood, begs to inform the inhabitants of Rotherham and surrounding Villages, that he imports all his own goods, and pays the Queen's duties upon the same
himself, which not only prevents the possibility of adulteration in quality, or
deterioration in strength, but enables him (having a wholesale license) to serve
families and others in small or large quantities, at "Trade" prices, viz.:—
Gallon. Quart. Bottle.
s. d. s. d. s. d.
Old French Brandy (the very best imported) 32 0 8 0 5 4
Betts's celebrated Brandy (full legal strength) 16 0 4 0 2 8
Very old Pale Jamaica Hum (best imported) 16 0 4 0 2 8
Curious White ditto ditto (overproof) 18 0 4 6 3 0
Nicholson's best quality unsweetened Gin 12 0 3 0 2 0
Morayshire small-still Malt Whisky (overproof ) 21 0 5 3 3 6
Fine rich Cordials and Stomachie Bitters 12 0 3 0 2 0

Foreign Wines.
Dozen. Bottle. Quart.
s. d. s. d. s. d.
Superior old full-flavoured Port 30 0 2 6 3 8
Very excellent Golden Sherry 30 0 2 6 3 8
Superior rich Tent Wine 32 0 2 8 4 0
... Cape Madeira 20 0 1 8 2 6
.... Cape Triuacia Dinner Wine 21 0 1 9
.... Sicilian and Sardinian ditto 22 0 1 10
Very superior old Pale and Golden Sherries 36 0 3 0
.... .... Crusted Port 36 0 3 0

British Wines.

Superior rich Raisin, Red and White Currant,
Orange, Gooseberry, Ginger, Elder, &c. 16 0 1 4
The above Wines are in full-sized Wine Quarts — the Bottles charged 3s. doz.
and allowed for if returned.

Guinness's celebrated Dublin Stout, Elliott's London mild and Brown Stout
Porter, in quart and pint bottles, and Wiley's Amber Ale, in casks of all
sizes.
N.B. — Orders by Post, Callers, and Servants, strictly attended to in quality
and measure; and, for facilitating business, a large quantity of Wines and
Spirits are kept ready put up in all sized glass and stone bottles, sealed and
labelled, and the carriage paid twenty miles round Sheffield.

34 ADVERTISEMENTS.

FURNIVAL WORKS.

WILLIAM BRIGGS,
Furnival-street, Sheffield,

Manufacturer of
Silver and Silver Plated Goods
SILVER CUTLERY,
AND
IMPROVED BRITISH SILVER.

JOHN HEPPENSTALL,
WOOLLEN AND LINEN DRAPER,
SILK MERCER, &c.,

58, SNIG HILL,
AND
32, ANGEL STREET,
SHEFFIELD.

Tailoring Establishment upon the Premises, Angel Street.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 35

JOHN NOWILL AND SON,
17, MEADOW STREET, SHEFFIELD,

Manufacturers of
SILVER FRUIT
Silver and Silver Plated Dessert Knives,
And every description of
PEN, POCKET
SPORTSMEN’S, ERASING, AND DESK
KNIVES;

SUPERIOR RAZORS AND TABLE CUTLERY;
NAIL FILES;
BUTTON-HOOKS, STILETTOES, &c.;

Also articles for
LADIES' WORK BOXES
AND
Gentlemen’s Dressing Cases,
In Great Variety.

J. N. and Son respectfully invite the attention of Merchants
and the Public, to their long established and highly reputed
Corporate mark, first granted by the Cutler's Company to
Thomas Nowill, in the year 1700.

36 ADVERTISEMENTS.

ATKINSON AND BRITTAIN,

(Bottom of Angel Street,)
Sheffield,

LINEN AND WOOLLEN DRAPERS,
SILK MERCERS, &c., &c.,

DEALERS IN CARPETS,
AND
LINCOLNSHIRE LIVE GOOSE FEATHERS;

A Large Assortment of Furs, Macintosh's Waterproof
Coats, Caps, &c., &c.

WILLIAM NOWILL,
No. 126,
ROCKINGHAM STREET, SHEFFIELD,
(Late W. and J. Nowill,)

MANUFACTURER OF
SILVER FRUIT & DESSERT KNIVES,
AND EVERY VARIETY OF
PEN AND POCKET KNIVES, NAIL FILES,
BUTTON-HOOKS, STILETTOES, &c.

SUPERIOR TABLE CUTLERY.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 37

DUKE'S PLACE,
50, ROCKINGHAM LANE, DIVISION STREET,
SHEFFIELD.

HENRY DUKE,

MANUFACTURER OF
BRITISH PLATE,
WIRE, AND SNUFF BOXES

ALSO OF
SCALES, SPRINGS, SHIELDS,
AND OTHER ARTICLES OF CUTLERY.

DOOR PLATES
OF ANY KIND OF METAL, GOT UP IN THE FIRST STYLE
AND ON THE SHORTEST NOTICE.

H. DUKE flatters himself that, by long experience and the late
improvements he has made by adding Steam Power to his Works,
he will be able to serve his Friends and the Public with the above
Articles, equal in quality and cheapness to any House in the
Trade.

N.B.— STEAM POWER TO LET,
Connected with entire rooms, free from that inconvenience and
dust which arises from Grinding Stones.

38 ADVERTISEMENTS.

S. CAMS,
NEW LONDON COFFEE HOUSE,
No. 7, CASTLE FOLDS,
Bottom of Haymarket,
IMMEDIATELY BELOW THE TONTINE HOTEL,
SHEFFIELD.

GOOD BEDS.

A Great variety of London (daily) and Provincial Newspapers.

PRIVATE ACCOMMODATION
FOR
COMMERCIAL GENTLEMEN,
AT

J. THEAKER'S,

LONDON COFFEE HOUSE,
HAY MARKET,
Sheffield.

A variety of London and Country Newspapers.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 39

THORNCLIFFE
IRON WORKS,
NEAR
SHEFFIELD.

NEWTON, CHAMBERS, AND Co.,

MANUFACTURERS OF
PIG IRON,
PLAIN
AND
ORNAMENTAL CASTINGS
of
EVERY DESCRIPTION.

40 ADVERTISEMENTS.

PHILLIP HEPPENSTALL,
LINEN AND WOOLLEN DRAPER,
HABERDASHER, &c.,
30, ANGEL STREET,
SHEFFIELD.

Funerals Furnished, &c.

LEOPARD COFFEE HOUSE,
AND
TEA ROOMS,
BOTTOM OF WAINGATE, NEAR
LADY'S BRIDGE,
Sheffield.

T. ORTTON,

Respectfully informs the Public that he has opened the above
Establishment, (within two minutes' walk of the Railway
Station,) and hopes by attention to merit a share of their
support.

GOOD BEDS.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 41

ANDREW BADGER,
LONG CROFT,
Sheffield,

MANUFACTURER
OF
BOOT HEEL PLATES
AND
STEEL PINS,
AND
CASTER OF CUTLERY,
WHOLE SALE AND FOR EXPORTATION

42 ADVERTISEMENTS.

ABRAHAM DYSON,

No. 12, CHARLES STREET, SHEFFIELD.

MANUFACTURER OF
GOLD, SILVER, AND SILVER PLATED
DESSERT KNIVES AND FORKS
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION;

FISH AND BUTTER KNIVES,
AND
FINE CUTLERY IN GENERAL,
Warranted of the best material.

GILBERT, BROTHERS,

EYRE STREET,
CORNER OF CHARLES STREET,
SHEFFIELD,
RAZOR MANUFACTURERS.

N. B. Manufacturers of the celebrated India Steel Elastic
Edge Razor.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 43

BY THE
King’s Royal Letters Patent,
FOR MANUFACTURING
MULE, JENNY, AND BILLY
SPINDLES.

GEORGE WHITHAM AND Co.,
BRIDGE STREET,
SHEFFIELD,

FILE, SCREW, AND BOLT
MANUFACTURERS,
AND
STEEL REFINERS;

ALSO MANUFACTURERS OF
The Improved Pointed Wood Thread Screws, Iron Thread Sett
Screws, and Bolts for Machinery, Bobbin Screws, Bed Screws,
Washers, Weavers' and Power Loom Spindles, Doffer Plates,
Lever Links, Lever Screws, Shuttle Hoops, Tongs, Tips, &c.

44 ADVERTISEMENTS.

NORTH STREET WORKS.

BROADHEAD AND ATKIN,

MANUFACTURERS OF
BRITANNIA METAL GOODS,
Sheffield.

THE ARTICLES PRODUCED IN THIS MANUFACTORY HAVE
GRADUALLY ADVANCED TO THE HIGHEST REPUTE:

THIS IS FULLY TESTIFIED BY THE INCREASING DEMAND FOR
THEIR
TEA AND COFFEE POTS,
COFFEE PERCOLATORS,
SPOONS, FORKS, LADLES, &c., &c.

B. and A. particularly invite attention to the recent improve-
ments made in TEA and COFFEE POTS of their manufacture,
by the introduction of their solely invented non-conductors, by
which Britannia Metal Handles are entirely prevented from
becoming hot when in use; an improvement which was greatly
required.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 45

WOOLLEN WAREHOUSE
LEEDS HOUSE,
HIGH STREET, SHEFFIELD.

JOHN HEPWORTH,
WOOLLEN MANUFACTURER,
Respectfully invites the attention of Woollen Cloth Buyers,
to his extensive Stock of
WEST OF ENGLAND
AND
YORKSHIRE CLOTHS,

Embracing every variety in Style, Colour, and Quality,

The system of Business adopted by the Leeds House, is to
sell a prime article at the lowest possible price; such price
being invariably marked on each article in Plain Figures,
showing that no attempt is made (which can so well be
done in anything whose value is not generally known, and
in nothing more than in Woollen Cloths) to charge parties,
not conversant with the value of the article, more than if
they understood it,

LEEDS MOUSE,
HIGH STREET, SHEFFIELD,
AND AT
SOUTH PARADE, NOTTINGHAM.

For Cash Only.

46 ADVERTISEMENTS.

T. WATSON, AND Co.,
No. 6, FARGATE,
Sheffield,

GROCERS, TEA DEALERS,
AND
CONFECTINERS.

T. Watson and Co., beg leave most respectfully to inform
the Gentry, Merchants, &c., of the Town and its Neighbour-
hood, that they supply all Articles of Confectionary required
for Parties, &c., of the best description, and in the most ele-
gant style.

A SUPPLY OF
FOREIGN PRESERVED
AND
DRIED FRUITS
Of the best Quality, constantly on hand.

ORANGES,
LEMONS, SAUCES, PICKLES,
&c., &c., &c.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 47

DAVY, BROTHERS,
SHEFFIELD,

MANUFACTURERS OF
LOCOMOTIVE
Condensing and High Pressure
ENGINES,
MILLWRIGHTS,
IRON AND BRASS FOUNDERS, &c.,

Also Manufacturers of
PATENT AXLES, SLIDE LATHES,
HYDRAULIC PRESSES,
AND
ALL SORTS OF LARGE PRESS SCREWS, &c, &c.

Davy, Brothers, having extensive Machinery, are enabled
to execute in the very best Style, all descriptions of Planing
and Turning, &c. &c.

48 ADVERTISEMENTS.

FREE TRADE TEA WAREHOUSE,

ESTABLISHED AT THE EXPIRATION OF THE CHARTER
OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY'S MONOPOLY.

A. BOOTH,
GENUINE TEA & GROCERY WAREHOUSE,
(2, Castle Street, bottom of Angel Street,)
SHEFFIELD.

The Public are supplied with TEAS truly Genuine, selected with
much care, and purchased direct as imported.

Coffees Fresh Roasted every Week.
BEST LONDON VINEGAR.

A. PADLEY,

No. 33, SOUTH STREET, SHEFFIELD,
MANUFACTURER OF
RAZORS, PEN & TABLE KNIVES, &e.

THE ONLY MAKER OF THE PERUVIAN STEEL,

Which is a highly refined and purified Steel, of a fine and close texture,
(admirably adapted for Cutlery). The process by which it is made is known
only to himself, none of his late Partners being allowed (nor any of them
competent) to assist in mixing the compound for purifying the Steel, or
sorting it for melting

His Corporate Mark for Razors, Knives, &c., is "PERUVIAN."
A. P. was of the late firm, "PADLEY, NORBURN, and CO.," or "GREEN,
PICKSLEY, and CO.," Cutlers, Royal York Works,

CAUTION.
All imitations of the above Mark, whether by impression, stamp. engraving,
mark, or device, (either used or caused to be used,) are illegal impositions on
the Public and a fraud upon the original Maker, who is thus induced to
publish the above, from the daily imposing practices of others.

N.B.— A. PADLEY’S Razor Strops and Powerful Brait Paste.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 49

SOHO BREWERY.
A CARD.

BRADLEY AND COMPANY,

ALE AND PORTER BREWERS,
PALE INDIA ALE,
For home and exportation.
BROOM HALL, SHEFFIELD.

JOHN HARRIS, SON, AND Co.,

MAP SELLERS AND PUBLISHERS,
57, ARUNDEL STREET, AND 6, SURREY STREET,
SHEFFIELD.

Agents for Pope's "Yearly Journal of Traded," "Modern Atlas
of the Earth," and other Commercial and Literary Works.

HOLMES
(near Rotherham)
BRITISH AND FOREIGN TIMBER YARD,
AT THE JUNCTION OF THE
Sheffield and Rotherham and North Midland Railways,
AND ON THE NEW CANAL WHARF.

GEORGE GILLOTT,
DEALER IN
BRITISH AND FOREIGN TIMBER, LATHS,
Welsh, Westmorland, and Grey Slates, Tiles, &c.,

FLAGS, FIRE AND FLOORING BRICKS,
AND GENERAL
BUILDING MATERIALS.

50 ADVERTISEMENTS.

HOLMES ENGINE WORKS.

ISAAC DODDS,

MANUFACTURER OF HIS
PATENT STEAM ENGINES,
AND HIS
PATENT ANTI-ATTRITION SLIDE VALVES;

ALSO, OF
TURNTABLES, POINTS, CROSSINGS,
AND
"DODDS' AND OWEN'S"
PATENT AND OTHER
SWITCHES FOR RAILWAYS;

HIS
FRESSES FOR STRAIGHTENING RAILWAY BARS
OF ALL FORMS, AND HIS
IMPROVED RAILWAY WHEELS AND AXLES,
PATRONIZED BY
THE SOCIETY OF ARTS;

SUGAR MILLS,
HIS
PATENT AND OTHER SAW MILLS,
AND EVERY DESCRIPTION OF
MILL WORK AND OTHER MACHINERY.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 51

CHARLES S. R. SANDFORD,

PHOENIX FORGE
AND
IRON FOUNDRY,
MASBROUGH,

MANUFACTURERS OF
"DODDS' AND OWEN'S"
PATENT
WROUGHT IRON RAILWAY WHEELS,

AND VARIOUS OTHER DESCRIPTIONS OF
CAST & WROUGHT IRON WHEELS,
HEAVY WROUGHT IRON WORK
FOR
MARINE AND OTHER ENGINES;

ALSO,
EVERY DESCRIPTION OF WROUGHT IRON WORK
FOR
RAILWAY CARRIAGES &c., &c.

52 ADVERTISEMENTS.

SHIP HOTEL
NEAR THE RAILWAY STATION,
ROTHERHAM.

The above Inn having been entirely rebuilt and enlarged at
an expense of upwards of £2,000, and being most desirably situ-
ated, within a minute's walk of the
RAILWAY STATION,

J. PARKIN,

Begs leave most respectfully to inform the public generally, that
no expense will be spared in the furnishing and fitting-up of the
house, in a superior manner, in order to ensure to Families, Com-
mercial Gentlemen, and others, that accommodation and comfort,
which he trusts will entitle him to their patronage and support.

J. P. cannot omit this opportunity of returning thanks to his
Friends for favours already received, and hopes by assiduity and
attention, to merit a continuance thereof.

WINES AND SPIRITS
Of the very best quality.

Excellent Stabling, Lock-up Coach Houses, Grazing for Cattle
brought to market, and every accommodation for Farmers and
Salesmen attending the same.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 53

JOHN BLACKMOOR,

JOINER AND BUILDER,
CABINET MAKER,
PAPER HANGER,
CARPENTER, &c., &c.,
TOP OF WESTGATE,
ROTHERHAM.

New Park Gate Steelworks,
ROTHERHAM.

WILLIAM OXLEY AND Co.,

MANUFACTURERS OF
GENUINE BLISTERED,
SUPERIOR COACH SPRING,
DOUBLE SHEAR,
TILTED & BEST REFINED CAST STEEL,
&C.

54 ADVERTISEMENTS.

VICTORIA
PRINTING OFFICE,
HIGH STREET, ROTHERHAM.

JONATHAN BROWN,
Letter Press and Copper-Plate
PRINTER,

BOOKSELLER, BOOKBINDER,
AND
MANUFACTURING STATIONERY

Posting and Hand Bills, Circulars, Lists of Prices, Catalogues,
and every variety of Letter-press printing, executed with neatness,
accuracy, and dispatch.

BOOKS BOUND IN EVERY VARIETY OF STYLE.

Ledger, Journal, and all other Account Books, ruled by ma-
chine on the premises, to any pattern, and bound on the improved
principle to open perfectly flat.

Paper Hangings, comprising every variety, and suitable for
every description of Rooms, &c.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 55

JOSEPH HINCHLIFFE,

PRINTER, BOOKSELLER, BOOKBINDER,
AND
STATIONER,
Top of Westgate, Rotherham.

BIBLES, TESTAMENTS, AND BOOK OF COMMON
PRAYER,
WATTS' AND WESLEY'S HYMNS, &c.,
In plain and elegant Bindings,
Account Books ruled and bound to pattern on the premises.

SCHOOLS SUPPLIED.

Depository for the Tract Society's Publications.

HENRY KIMPSTER,

MASBROUGH, ROTHERHAM,
MANUFACTURER OF
BOILERS FOR STEAM ENGINES,
ELL AND BACK BOILERS,

Gasometers, Gas Retorts,

WROUGHT IRON PANS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS,

Scale Beams, Water Tue Irons, Hammers, Kckaxes, Screw Bolts,
Straw Knives, and Knives for Paper Mills, Mill Spindles, and all
sorts of Mill Work, Cart Axletrees, Wheel Hooping, and General
Job-smith.

56 ADVERTISEMENTS.

E. SALES AND SON,

BAKERS AND CONFECTIONERS,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL,
BRIDGEGATE, ROTHERHAM.
Tea Dealers and Dealers in British Wines, &c.

N.B. BRIDE CAKES AND FUNERALS
Furnished on the shortest notice.

CHARLES SAYLES,

VETERINARY SURGEON,
CROWN AND ANCHOR INN,
MASBROUGH

Begs leave to inform his Friends and the Public generally, that
he has taken the above Inn, where he hopes by assiduity and
attention to their comfort, to merit a share of their patronage and
support.

C. S. further informs the Gentry, Farmers, and others, that he
continues to follow his profession as Veterinary Surgeon, and
assures them that no exertion shall be wanting on his part, to en-
sure a continuance of that patronage which he has already
received.

NOTTINGHAM HOUSE,
HIGH STREET, ROTHERHAM.

R. BROWN'S
HOSIERY, LACE, AND BABY LINEN
ESTABLISHMENT,
PATENT STAY WAREHOUSE, &c. &c.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 57

JOHN BOOTH,
MASON, BUILDER, &c.,
WESTGATE, ROTHERHAM,

DEALER IN
Grave Stones, Flags, Slates, Tiles,
CHIMNEY PIPES, CEMENT, &c.
BUILDING SURVEYOR AND VALUER.

WATERHOUSE AND PARKER,

MANUFACTURERS OF
SILVER AND PLATED WARES,
No. 45, St. Paul's, Birmingham,
AND 16, THAVIES' INN, HOLBORN, LONDON.

The following articles in Plated or Silver:—

Table Services; Dishes, Water Plates, Tureens, Salts, &c., Epergnes and
Plateaus; Liquor, Cruet, Pickle, and Soy Stands; Candle Sticks, and
Branches; Bread, Cake, Flower, and Fruit Baskets; Tea and Coffee Kettles
and Urns; Tea and Coffee Sets, Waiters, and Trays; Snuffers and Trays,
Bottle and Glass Stands; Toast Racks, Wine Strainers, and Corks; Inkstands,
Sugar Cases, and Wax Winders; Communion Services; Lamps of all
descriptions; East and West India Shades and Branches; Painted Sideboard
and Chimney ornaments.

THOMAS ROLLASON, Jun.,

CUT GLASS MANUFACTORY,
CHINA, EARTHENWARE, LAMP, &c., &c.,

SHOW ROOMS, 24, UNION STREET,
(Opposite the Herald Office,)
BIRMINGHAM,
(For upwards of Fifteen Tears connected in the business till lately
carried on by his Father in Steelhouse Lane).

58 ADVERTISEMENTS.

Wholesale and for Exportation.

JOSEPH GILLOTT,

PATENT
STEEL PEN MANUFACTURER
59, NEWHALL STREET, AND GRAHAM STREET,
BIRMINGHAM,
Wholesale and for exportation.

Joseph Gillott has been for nearly twenty years engaged in the
manufacture of STEEL PENS, and during that time has devoted his
unceasing attention to the improving and perfecting this useful and
necessary article — the result of his persevering efforts, and numerous
experiments upon the properties of the metal used, has been the con-
struction of a Pen upon a principle entirely new, combining all the
advantages of the elasticity and fineness of the quill, with the durabi-
lity of the metallic pen, and thus obviating the objections which have
hitherto existed against the use of Steel Pens.

The Patentee is proud to acknowledge that a discerning public has
paid the most gratifying tribute to his humble, though useful labours,
by a demand for his Pens far exceeding his highest expectations.

The following statement will show the estimation in which these
Pens are held, and it is presumed will be an inducement to those who
desire to have a really good article, at least to make a trial of Joseph
Gillott's Steel Pen.

The number of Steel Pens manufactured at Joseph Gillott's Works,
is as follows : —

From October, 1837, to October, 1838:—
35,808,462
or 2,984,037 2-3rds dozen,
or 248,669 gross, 9 dozen 8 pens.

From October, 1838, to October, 1839:—

44,654,702
or 3,721,226 2-12ths dozen,
or 310,102 gross, 1 dozen

May be had of all stationers, and other respectable dealers in
Steel Pens throughout the Kingdom.

The universal celebrity of these Pens has induced certain disre-
putable makers to foist upon the public a spurious article, bearing the
mis-spelled name of the Patentee and Sole Manufacturer, thus,
"GILOTT," by omitting the L: and in some instances the omission
of the final T is fraudently resorted to in order to retain the same
SOUND as GILLOTT; but observe, none are genuine but those
marked in full,

J0SEPH GILLOTT
Printed by James Drake, 52, New-street, Birmingham.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 59

GEORGE RICHMOND COLLIS & CO.,

(Late Sir Edward Thotnason's Manufactory,)
CHURCH STREET, BIRMINGHAM,
MANUFACTURERS OF
Articles in the highest Classes of the Arts,
IN
GOLD, SILVER, PLATED BRONZE AND OR-MOLU.

In this Establishment is manufactured Gold and Silver Plate, including
Racing Cups, Dinner and Tea Services of various Patterns; Communion
Plate and Presentation Plate made to description given; or, if required,
a variety of elegant designs furnished for approval; Silver-mounted Plated
Wares of every denomination; Plated Cutlery upon Steel, Cut Glass, Or-Molu,
Candelabra, and Lamps; Manufacturers of Medals in great variety, adapted
for Societies and Institutions. Amongst the numerous series of Dies, are the
celebrated Dassier Dies of the Kings of England; the Mudie Dies, for the
series of grand National Medals, commemorative of the Victories of the late
War; and forty-eight Dies, for Medals of the Elgin Marbles; also, Sir
Edward Thomason's splendid series of one hundred and twenty large Medal
Dies, illustrative of the Holt ScuirTUREs, and a series of sixteen Medals
upon Science and Philosophy, for Societies; Livery Button Dies cut, and the
Buttons made; numerous patent Mechanical Inventions in the Metals, Papier
Machee, Brass and Bronze Staircases; manufacturers of tine Gold Jewellery
of the most splendid descriptions; dealers in Diamonds, Pearls, and lane
Gems; Diamond Suits made to order, and altered to the present style, or, if
required, purchased, and payment full value in cash; English and Foreign
Money exchanged; Old Gold and Silver articles reworked as New, or Pur-
chased. Manufacturers of Sportsmen's Fine Fowling Pieces, upon an im-
proved principle. Duelling Pistols, Rifles, Air-Guns, and Canes, and Guns of
every variety for exportation.

Messrs. COLLIS and Co. inform the Nobility, Gentry, and their numerous
Friends, that having very considerably enlarged their Works, are now enabled
to manufacture the whole of their goods from the raw material to the finish.
It will be evident that purchasers will find very considerable advantages in
obtaining articles of very superior quality at such moderate prices that none
but a Manufacturer could be enabled to supply. Their whole trade being with
the consumers, Messrs. C. and Co. feel confident that all persons furnishing,
or requiring their goods, will find it of undeniable advantage to pay them a
visit, either personally or by letter, rather than make their purchases from
shops that are only the retailers of goods made by the manufacturers, and
necessarily sold at a very considerable advance of price.

These extensive SHOW ROOMS and MANUFACTORY are situate in
Church Street, in the centre of the Town, adjoining St. Philip's Church-yard.
The Ware-Rooms contain the Finished Articles for Sale, and are open to all
persons of respectability.

The facsimile of the celebrated WARWICK VASE, of upwards of twenty-
one feet in circumference, was made in metallic Bronze at this Manufactory.
The Copper Bronze Statue of His late Majesty, George the Fourth, upwards
of six feet in height, was modelled, cast, and sculptured, at this Establish-
ment; as also a Shield in honour of the Duke of Wellington's Victories.
These and numerous other works are stationed in separate rooms to exhibit

the progress of British Art. Servants are appointed to conduct Visiters

over the different Workshops, to whom and to the Work-people, the Visiter is
requested to abstain from giving any gratuity.

N.B. — Mr. George Richmond Collis is Vice-Consul for France, Russia,
Portugal, Turkey, &c., with the privilege of granting Passports to persons
visiting France and its Dominions.

60 ADVERTISEMENTS.

PRINTING OFFICE.

J. DRAKE, 52, NEW STREET, BIRMINGHAM,

Respectfully solicits the orders of his Friends and the Public in
this department of his Business, which shall be executed with
dispatch, and in a superior manner, at the prices affixed.

LETTER PRESS PRINTING
EXECUTED IN THE NEATEST STYLE, AND WITH PLAIN OR FANCY LETTER
ON GOOD PAPER AND CARDS.

100. 200. 300. 400. 500.
Post 8vo. Circular, fly leaf . . 0 4 6 0 5 6 0 8 0 0 9 0 0 10 0
Ditto 4to. ditto ditto . . 0 7 6 0 8 6 0 11 0 0 12 0 0 13 0
Foolscap 8vo. Biil Head . . 0 4 0 0 4 6 0 6 0 0 6 6 0 7 0
Ditto 4to. ditto ditto . . 0 4 6 0 5 0 0 7 6 0 8 6 0 10 0
Ditto folio ditto ditto . . 0 5 0 0 7 6 0 10 6 0 13 0 0 15 0
Address Cards, common size . . 0 3 0 0 5 0 0 7 0 0 9 0 0 11 0
Ditto ditto, large ... 0 4 0 0 6 6 0 9 0 0 11 6 0 14 0
Ditto Third large . . . . 0 2 8 0 4 4 0 6 0 0 7 8 0 9 4
Handbills or Catalogues, Demy 4to. 0 8 0 0 9 6 0 12 6 0 14 0 0 15 6
Ditto ditto, Demy folio ... 0 18 6 0 17 0 1 1 6 1 4 0 1 6 6

Other sizes and descriptions of work at proportionate prices;
and where a large number is ordered, the price is considerably less.

N.B.— COPPER-PLATE AND LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING ON
REASONABLE TERMS.

BOOKS and PAMPHLETS Printed at this Office, and
Published in London and in all the Towns in the Midland District,
upon advantageous terms.

ADVERTISEMENTS. 61

WORKS
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY J. DRAKE,
52, NEW STREET, BIRMINGHAM,

AND SOLD BY HAYWARD AND MOORE, LONDON, AND ALL OTHER
BOOKSELLERS.

RAILWAY PUBLICATIONS.

Drake's Road Book of the entire Line of Railway from London to Liverpool
and Manchester — with Views and Maps. Price, foolscap 8vo., 4s. 6d. ;
large paper, with engravings, &c.

Drake's Road Book of the London and Birmingham Railway — with a coloured
Map and Views. Price 2s.; large paper, with steel engravings, 4s. 6d.

Drake's Road Book of the Grand Junction Railway — with a Map and Views.
Price, foolscap 8vo., 2s. 6d.; large paper, with steel engravings, 6s.

Drake's Road Book of the Nottingham and Derby, and Derby and Birming-
ham Railway. Price, foolscap 8vo., sewed, 1s. ; cloth. 1s. 0d.

Maps of the entire Line of Railroad, from London to Liverpool and Man-
chester — with the Time, Fare, and Distance Tables, &c. Price on Canvass,
in a case for the pocket, 2s.

Tables of the Times, Fares, and Regulations of the Grand Junction Railway.
— Published by authority. Including, also, the branch traffic, conveyance
by omnibuses, hackney coaches, and cars, and all other information requi-
site for travellers on this line. Price 3d.; or with a Map of the Line. 6d.
Drake's Railway Sheet of the London and Birmingham, Grand Junction,
Aylesbury, Liverpool and Manchester, North Union, Newcastle and Car-
lisle, Newcastle and North Shields, Leeds and Selby, London and South
Western, Great Western, &c.. Railways. — Price 4d., in a neat case for the
pocket; or pasteboard, 6d.

TOPOGRAPHICAL WORKS.

Drake's Picture of Birmingham — third edition, greatly improved; being a
concise but comprehensive historical and descriptive account of that place, intended for the use both of residents and visiters, with a Map and twelve. Views of public buildings; and a complete, and the only correct list of
the principal manufacturers. Price 4s., bound in cloth.

Drake's Map of Birmingham — on a sheet of imperial drawing paper. Size of
Map, 23½ by 20 inches. With a Map of the Boundaries of the Borough,
price 3s. 6d.; or coloured, to show the wards, price 5s. On canvass, in a
case, plain, 6s. 6d.; coloured, 7s. 6d. Sold in a neat frame, plain, 8s. 6d.;
coloured, 9s. 6d,

The Birmingham Street Director,— with a Map. Price 1s. in a neat case for
the pocket.

The Visiter's Guide to Birmingham, Liverpool, and Manchester.— Price 1s.

62 ADVERTISEMENTS.

MISCELLANEOUS NEW WORKS.

An Introductory Lecture on the Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases of the
Eye.— By Richard Middlemore, Surgeon to the Birmingham Eye Infir-
mary, &c. Demy 8vo. Price 2s.
A Practical Treatise on the Human Teeth, — showing the Causes of their
Destruction, and the Means of their Preservation, by William Robertson.
Demy 8vo., with plates. Price 7s. fid. extra cloth.
The Law and Practice of Landlords and Tenants, — with the most approved
modern Precedents. By R. Shipman, Esq., editor of "Jones' Attorney's
Pocket Book," and author of the "Attorney's New Pocket Book."
Demy 12mo. Price 17s., cloth.

A Stepping Stone to the Law of Real Property:— being an elementary Treatise on the Statute of Uses. By H. Smythies, Esq. Royal 12mo., price 7s.,
boards.

Municipal Corporation Guide. — By R. Shipman, Esq. Price 1s.
A Treatise on the Diseases of the Eye. By R. Middlemore, M.R.C.S.,
Surgeon to the Birmingham Eye Infirmary. Two thick volumes 8vo.,
price 35s. boards.

This book has become of standard authority and reference, and is
highly commended in all the medical reviews and periodicals in which
it has been noticed.

Tracts and Observations on Midwifery, — in seven sections, embracing some of
the most important diseases incidental to females. By J. T. Ingleby,
M.R.C.S.L., Senior Surgeon to the General Dispensary ; Surgeon to the
Magdalen Asylum, and Lecturer on Midwifery at the Royal School of
Medicine, Birmingham. Demy 8vo., 9s.

A New Arithmetical Table Book, and Counting House Guide. Price 1s.
The Monitor's Guide, or the first four rules of arithmetic. Price 1s.
Drake's Tradesman's Remembrancer, suitable to any year. Foolscap folio,
3s. 6d., half bound.

Luckcock's (James) Hints on Practical Economy in the Management of
Household Affairs. Sewed, 6d.
Luckcock's Family Book of Reference. Sewed, 1s.

Memoirs, by T. Clark, Jun. Sewed, 6d.

Errors of the Social System Displayed. — By W. H. Smith. Sewed, price 1s.
A Treatise on the usefulness of Gorse as Winter Feed for Cattle. Price 6d., sewed.
Washing Books — for the use of Gentlemen, 6d.; Ladies, 6d.; and Families, 1s.
Acts of Parliament:— The Reform Act; The Highway Act; Charter of the
Incorporation of Birmingham; Bread and Marriage Act.

Birmingham Almanacs:— Drake's Birmingham Sheet Almanac,— on a
sheet of royal paper, price 8d. Drake's Pocket Almanac and Mer-
cantile Diary, price 1s.; ditto in roan tuck, 3s. 6d. Drake's Midland
Almanac and Yearly Advertiser, price, sewed, 1s. Drake's Railway
Sheet Almanac, price 8d.

A Popular and Concise Treatise on the Treatment and Cure of Pulmonary
Consumption.— By George Bodington, Surgeon. Demy 12mo.

BIRMINGHAM:— Printed by James Drake, 52, New-street.

INDEX TO THE ADVERTISEMENTS.

WHICH ARE HERE CLASSIFIED ACC0RDING TO THE TRADES.

SHEFFIELD.

Basket Maker
Adam Ren wick, 4
Boarding House
W. P. Slack, 7
Bookbinder
W. Saxton, 7
Booksellers
W. Saxton, 7
J. Pearce and Son, 8
T. Scott, 18
Brass Founders
J. Greaves and Son, 6
Henry Duke, 37
Davy, Brothers, 47
Brewer
Bradley and Co., 49
Britannia Metal Goods
Broadhead and Atkin, 44
British Plater
J.Wolstenholme, 30
Carrier
G. Wheatcroft, 25
Caster of Cutlery
A. Badger, 41
China Rooms
J Johnson, 3
Clothing Establishment
T. Wild, 20
Coffee Houses
S. Cams, 38
J. Theaker, 38
T. Ortton, 40
Confectioner
T. Watson and Co., 46
Cutler
T. Wilkinson, 17
Dentist
Mr. Eskell, 24
Dispensing Chemist
R. Hardy, 22
G. B. Margetts, 30
Fancy Repository
W. Jackson, 4

Forge
Soho Works, 18
German Silver Manufacturer
Henry Duke, 37
Grocers
E.Bingham, 20
T.Watson and Co., 46
A. Booth, 48
Holmes Estate

W. Flockton, 9
Hotel
Beardsall's Temperance, 28
Instrument Maker
W. and H. Hutchinson, 27
Iron Founders
Newton, Chambers, and Co., 39
Davy, Brothers, 47
Jeweller
C. T. Young, 21
Joiners' Tool Maker
H. Hawksworth, 32
Knife Manufacturers
Unwin and Rogers, 5
John Davenport, 6
M. Barns, 20
Wilson and Southern, 28
J. Nowill and Son, 35
W. Nowill, 36
Abraham Dyson, 42
A. Padley, 48
Linen Drapers
J. Heppenstall, 34
Atkinson and Brittain, 36
P. Heppenstall, 40
Locomotive Engine Maker
Davy, Brothers, 47
Map Sellers
J. Harris, Son, and Co., 49
Millwright
Davy, Brothers, 47
Needle Maker
S. Cocker and Son, 29
Oyster Rooms
P. Ashley, 31
Pearl and Polished Steel Articles
John Hardy, 6

INDEX TO THE ADVERTISEMENTS.

Printers
William Saxton, 7
J. Pearce and Son, 8
T. Scott, 18
Razor Makers
J. and W. Ragg, 24
Gilbert, Brothers, 42
Saw Maker
John Davenport, 6
Silver Platers
C.T.Young, 21
W. Briggs, 34
Spectacle Maker
David Wright, 7
Spindle Makers
Whitham, & Co., 43
Stationers
William Saxton, 7
J. Pearce and Son, 8
Steel Converters
Spear and Jackson, 32
Steel Pen Makers
John Skinner, 5
Steel Refiners
Whitham and Co., 43
Tea Dealers
Ballans and Co., 19
Z.Bingham, 26
T. Watson, 46
A. Booth, 48
Wine Merchants
J. Bolton and Co., 23
T. Wiley, 33
Woollen Drapers
J. Heppenstall, 34
Atkinson and Brittain, 36
P. Heppenstall, 40
John Hepworth, 45

ROTHERHAM, HOLMES, &c.

Brass Founder
James Yates, 2
Bookseller
J. Hinchliffe, 55
Bookbinder
J. Hinchliffe, 55
Chemist and Druggist
E.T.Platt, 8
Confectioner
E. Sales and Son, 56
Eating House
W. H. Taylor, 15
Foundry
C. S. R. Sandford, 51
Harness Maker
J. Mower, 15

Hosier
R. Brown, 56
Hotels and Inns
J.Shaw, 11
Holmes Hall, 12
Nag's Head, 13
Butchers' Arms, 13
Blue Bell Inn, 13
Angel Inn, 14
Ship Hotel, 52
Crown and Anchor, 56
Iron Founders
James Yates, 2
Iron Merchants
W. Fleck and Co., 10
Jeweller
F. Denton, 15
Joiner
Blackmoor, 53
Lead Merchants
W. Fleck and Co., 10
Locomotive Engine Maker
J. Dodds, 50
Mason
J. Booth, 57
Printers
J. Brown, 54
J. Hinchliffe, 55
Saddler
J. Mower, 15
Shipping Agents
W. Fleck and Co., 10
Steel Works
W. Oxley and Co., 53
Tailor
H. Robinson, 14
Timber Yard
G. Gillott, 49
Watch Maker
K. Denton, 5

BIRMINGHAM.

Bookseller
J. Drake, 60
Coaches
C. Blakesley, 16
Glass Manufacturers
T. Rollason, 57
Hothouse Manufacturer
T. Clarke, 1
Law Stationer
J. Drake, 60
Printer
J. Drake, 60
Silver Plater
Collis and Co., 59
Waterhouse and Parker, 57
Steel Pen Maker
J. Gillott, 58

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