The Echinoderms News letter 1 No. 7. July, 1976 Prepared in the Department of Invertebrate Zoology (Echinoderms) , National Iluseum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A. Here, at last, is No. 7. Yet again, we're sorry for delays, which v;ere largely unavoidable. At the Second Echinoderms Conference at Rovin j , it was decided that the Newsletter should continue essentially in its present form, but that volunteer regional editors might be able to send us up-to- date information on research activities in their regions, information that we rruijht not otherwise obtain. The regional editors are listed in this issue. Also included with this issue is a revised directory, with names and addresses. There are now approximately 550 individuals on the mailing list. We wish to thank several people who assisted in the preparation of this issue. Annette Stonework has typed the stencils for every issu of the Echinoderms Newsletter, and prepared most of the present issue. Tamara Vance, Cynthia Gust, Michael Carpenter, Linda Griffin and ’ atherine Stemler helped to duplicate and collate the many thousands of pages. Without the willing help of these people, this Newsletter might never have seen the light of day. David L. Pawson Maureen E. Downey iThe Echinoderms Newsletter is not intended to be part c . the scientific literature, and should not be cited, abstracted, or repr\nted as a published document. Second Echinoderms Conference The Second Echinoderms Conference was held in Rovin j , Yugoslavia, September 26 to October 1, 1975- We ore most grateful to Dr. Dusan Zavodnik and the ' "Rudier Boscovic" Institute Center for Karine Research for arranging this highly successful conference. The accommodations were excellent, and two interesting field trips were arranged for the participants, one by bus to Limski Kanal, Porec, Berarn and Pazin, and a bo?.t trip on the R/V Vila Velebita to dredge for (what else?) echinoderms . Forty- six papers were read at the Conference, and the proceedings will be published in Thalassia , Third Echinoderms Conference Here are the results of the voting on the venue for the next Conference. 1. Australia (37 votes) k. Israel (19) 2. Jamaica (33) 5- Eire (15) 3. England (27) 6. Others (?) Thus, Australia wins by a -narrow margin. The next Conference will probably be held in Sydney, and will be organised by Dr. F.W.E. Rowe, The Australian Museum, College St., Sydney, N. S . W. , Australia. More information will be given in the next Newsletter . Many correspondents have suggested that the world be divided into region? (for example, Pld" World, New World and Western Pacific area) and that a conference be held in one of these regions every two years. Tnus, for example, a Hew World resident should expect a conference to be held, in nis region once- every six years. This seems like a good idea and it r&ignt work very well. The voting above, although hardly representative of our entire mailing list, would seem to indicate that the echinoderm world might logically be divided into three parts. For the sake of argument, then, we would like to suggest that the ^th conference be held in the New World (Jamaica??) around I 9 B©* How do you feel about it? Regional Editors for Echinoderms Newsletter . , Thc ' ^^'nse to our request for volunteers to act as regional editors nas been overwhelming. A total of 63 people from, 27 countries or regies have offered -.heir services. The editors are listed below. .We will be' ^L t ” eCei ! e i a ” d include in future Newsletters any information that , •-'- Ee e - 1 xors ma y care to send us. Colleagues may now send their researen reports direct, to us or to one of the editors listed below S n^. niC V 0i ’ y0 *i ? ffers cf help - Xt wil1 Pe interesting to see how this new scheme works. At tne very least we hope to see more information on researen m progress included in the Newsletter. Austria'*- M.S’ ^ ’ tucas < North ^ensland), Rowe . - Brazil - Peter uen, Tommasi Cousineau, Chile - ^arrain Prat Czechoslovakia - Prckop Europe - Jangoux France - Guille Germany - Fecrter, Sato. Weber Guam/Micronesia - EELdredge isiLT & ' *^1™’ Catress (P“®rto (Pico), Kier, Lawrence Israel - Eerber, Fisnelson, Sato Italy - i'ortor ose Tndo-west -Pacific area - Pevaney Japan - Oguro Korea - Sato Mexico - Bakus New Zealand - Baker, McKnight, Rowe Poland - Szymanska Scandinavian countries - Christensen Sweden - Bockelie , Franzen Switzerland - Hess (paleontology) taiwan - Sato •WffiSvSSK !££&)(•"- Clark> cr “ e *»«• U ’calif ) Ba ^" ^ la£ * a >> Ca ^ey (Pacific N.Vf. , Alaska), Castro (S. npkk .’J' E -'^ b °rn (N. New England), Farmanfarmaian, Horowitz (Indiana paleo.,'.ology> Koiata (midwest), Lawrence- (S.E. ), Macurda (midwest^ p®?*®' ( Callf - and Pacific N.W.), Fabian' (Nebraska), Parsley’ (S.E ) ^ ™ »■ Phelan (Oregon), Scheutz, Serafy (mid Atlantic) , Webst.'r ( P.l ■ i f ic ) St&nCky < S ••**>» Striraple (central), Wagner (Alaska), Y^gos-Lrav.i.j - M. croviCj Zavodnik . Help: ; : . We to not have accurate" or up-to-date addresses for the people listed below. I. you happen to have the correct- address for any of them, please send it tr us and we will restore the name ! s to the Newsletter mailing list Many than; s. A c os ta , T r a re s i t a Eavardsen, Finn Leviten, Paul Bauer, Joi n C. Endelman, Losza Malone, Mary Birkner, } lan J. Fernandez, Carol Mosher Marcus, T.R. Campbell, -James Grageda, Olga McGinnis, M. Clark, J?a as F. Harger, J.R.S. McPherson, B.F. Crippen. : obert Jones, Ira Mu, A.T. %irkin, if it. Lees, Dennis Noble, P.B. Albuquerque, Maria da Narividade Miscellany 1. Place;:;- nt Service: several people have suggested that those seeking employrriu.v in the field of echinoderm biology might advertise in the .Newsletter , and that institutuons and individ.als who are seeking employees or gradual students might also advertise here. We are willing to include brief notces of this type on a trial basis. 2. Trane ations for sale or exchange: seme of you who are as unskilled in foreign 1. nguages as we may have had important publications translated from one langu ;e to another for your own convenience. If you are willing to send copies f these to interested colleagues, please let us know what you have, what la';!.: age the paper has been translated into, and what the cost will be. Paw on has or will have soon the following publications : ■ruling. A. 19^9* Versuch einer Neaordnung der Fam.il ie Cucumariidae . Zool . Syst . 78:^04-170. Translated, into English. Cost of copying not yet ' i- termined. iyaev, G. 1970- Nevis ion of the holotkurian genus Myriotrochus . Trin. v nst. Oceanol . 86 : 'oB-bob . Translated into English. No charge. . EINAR BRUK, died July 13, 1976. Dr. Einar Brun, known for his work on echinoderm populations, was killed in a light-plane crash on July 13, 1976. Einar graduated from the University of Oslo, and then took his doctorate at the University of Liverpool. His thesis work dealt with the distribution and ecology, of echinoderms of the Isle of. Man. His work was in many ways a model for a project using SCUBA techniques to study the benthos, and his underwater, photographs were superb. He returned to Norway in 1969 to work at the Troms^ Museum and Marine Laboratory, of which be became Director in 197^. He attended the 1975 Echinoderms Conference in Rovinj, Yugoslavia, where he read a paper on the taxonomy of the genus Henricia . In addition to his work with the echinoderms, Einar's research interests included biology of sea-birds, in which field he was the Norwegian authority, and possibilities of salmon farming in the ocean. The Bruns lived on Kval^ya, the neighboring island to Troras^ya. Einar T s small Piper Cub, on floats, was a major research tool, enabling him to reach his sea-bird colonies, and it was while flying from Trornsj^ to Bardu that he encountered the bad weather that caused the tragic accident. Einar was an engaging person, and his ability ana charm, his drive and energy, had ensured him a place as a leading biologist in his country. He initiated many exciting projects in the north of Norway, a- region rich with biological problems awaiting such as he to galvanise research effort. He. will be greatly missed.. . *’ - David Nichols. JON WEBER, died Jane 1, 1976. Jon N. Weber, well known for his work on the echinoderm skeleton, died on June 1, 1976. . ' - * ' Jon received his M.Sc, and Ph.D. in' geochemistry at the University of Toronto. He then moved to Pennsylvania State University, where he became Professor of Marine Geology. His recent tragic death represents a loss to echinoderm workers as well as to students of other groups. As an isotope geochemist, he had had virtually no biological or .paleontological training, yet he was quick to learn what was necessary to work with biological materials and problems and he was very effective in collaboration with specialists in fields unfamiliar to him. Through his isotope work, he made important contribu- tions to problems of the physiology of the calcification process, not only in echinoderms, but also in corals and mollusks. His isotopic and chem- ical analyses were so numerous and carefully done that he was able to apply masses of data to subtle problems which had previously defied solu- tion. He was a truly broad scientist who will be sorely missed by workers in several disciplines. - Dav id M . Raup Suggestions and Requests BAKUS - would appreciate information on echinoderms that are toxic to fishes (oiochemistry to behavior) . BERGER - would be pleased to provide interested people with a copy of a bibliography of the ciliate protozoans which inhabit echinoids. Any , data on ciliates inhabiting urchins from S. Atlantic coasts of Africa and South America, Antarctica, Australia and New Zealand would be most welcome. BROOKS - would like to have recent records or specimens of N.E. Pacific holothurians and any literature recently published. DARTNALL - would like to hear from v?orkers who have research interests in the area of Darwin, Australia. Also, he would be grateful to receive reprints of echinoderm papers to help build up his small institutional library. EYLERS - interested in observations on starfish migrations. HAUGH - would like to have information or bulk samples of disarticulated material containing well-preserved crinoid arm ossicles from any horizon in the Paleozoic. KELLER - seeks unpublished information on distribution of echinoids in sea grass environments. LEWIS - seeks any information (other than that in Boolcotian, 1966) on distribution and feeding of echinoids, particularly Echinus. MARCUS - wishes to have data on the distribution of Arbacia punctulata; interested in obtaining specimens (alive) from as many different localities as possible; seeks advice on possible collecting sites. NIESEN - would welcome exchange of information and ideas on variation in growth rate and test morphology with habitat in irreg'ular urchins. SIBUET - seeks information on reproductive periodicities in abyssal echinoderms; also interested in age determination of individual ophiuroids (using some indicator such as growth bands ?) . SPRINKLE - would like to know the whereabouts of any well preserved echinoderms from the Bromide Formation (Middle Ordovican) of southern Oklahoma in museums or private collections for inclusion in a monographic study of this fauna- WAHLHAN - would like to purchase Dassler, R.S. and lull. Moodey, 1943, Bibliographic and faunal index of Paleozoic pelmatozoan echinoderms. Geol. Soc. America Special Paper 45, 733 pp. WARNER - would like to learn of any observations on suspension feeding in euryalous brittle-stars other than basket stars; also any records of stomach contents in these animals. WELLS - urges more applied studies on effects of contaminants on various aspects of biology of echinoderms, especially on reproductive activity and larval stages. YAMAGUCiil - seeks information on natural parthenogenesis in echinoderms. AND: IRIMURA - would life* 're -eca.i ve ophiuroids of the families Ophiacanthidae, Amph^uridae and Ophiom;>xidac for systematic study; exchange of specimens welcomed. KRISHNAN - would like to have references or papers covering aspects of reproductive biology (including, ultrastructural studies of gonads) in tropical 23 well as temperate holothurians, in order to update an article on reproductive biology of holothurians. LAWRENCE - will send to interested people for $1.50 (copying and postage) the compute Jst of approximately 250 titles of theses and disserr- tations dealing with echinoderms. Current Research Projects ARiJAUD - Pelecypods associated with antarctic cidaroid echinoids; ecology and adaptations in antarctic and subantarctic marine benthic organisms ATWOOD - Fine structure of echinoderm spermatozoa and eggs; fertilization in holothurians . AUSICH - Functional morphology of Pisocrinus and Parapisocrinus . BERGER - Biology of echinoid-inhabiting ciliate Protozoa; systematics , morphometric variation; intraintestinal distribution, zoogeography. BELL - Systematics and functional morphology of cyathocystid and pyrgocystid edrioasteroids; nature of attachment and of attachment sites of edrioasteroids; taxonomic and morphologic studies of assorted edrioasteroids . BERNASCONI - Gphiuroids of the coast of Argentina (with D’Agostino) . BROOKS - Holothurians of the 'north-east Pacific; distribution, ecology, taxonomy. BUNDRICK - Reproductive biology of Californian ophiuroids, particularly Ophiothrlx spiculata , Amphiodla occidentalis , and Amphipholis spp. CHAUVEL - Diploporitid cvstoids . (Maroc, Massifarmoricain, Espagne) ; carpoids (Massif armoricain) . CLARIS, A.M. - Echinoderms of Amsterdam and St. Paul Island; taxonomy of some Poraniidae (Asteroidea) with reduced skeletons; deep-water Atlantic crinoids . DARTNALL - Australian and Indo-Pacific Asterinidae. Echinoderm fauna of vicinity of Darwin, Australia. DAYTON - Nearshore ecology DEARBORN - Food and feeding ecology of asteroids and ophiuroids from the Arctic, Antarctic and Gulf of Maine; taxonomy and ecology of Antarctic crinoids. DIX - Background study on commercial utilization of Heliocidaris erythrogramma in Tasmania, Australia; breeding cycles, gonad yields. DOWNEY - Asteroids of the Atlantic Ocean (with A.I1. Clark); reproduction of deep-sea asteroids. ELLINGTON - Carbohydrate metabolism in holothurians; enzyme polymorphisms in echinoderms . ' ... ENGSTROM - Effects of predation by Cassis tuberosa on regular sea urchins in sea grass beds. EYLERS - Molecular basis of the mechanical properties of holothurian body wall. FECHTER - Echinoderms collected by the R/V Meteor . GALE - Cretaceous Asteroiciea and Crinoidea from western Europe 7 taxonomy , morphology, evolution and paleoecology. GIESE - Physiology of echinoderm (asteroid, echinoid) body wall. GUILLE - Ophiuroid fauna of Madagascar (with Cherbonnier) ? echinoderms of Kerguelen Island; benthic ecology of continental plateau of Kerguelen HAUDE - Morphology of jaw apparatus of eleutherozcan echinoderms ; crinoid stems; Devonian echinoderms; Paleoecology of Upper Silurian Scyphocrinite s layers. HAUGH - Nervous and muscle systems of Paleozoic crinoids; “paleophysiology" and a theoirv of dynamic balance and sensory organs in Mississippian camerate crinoids; coelomic . organization of the Camerata as evidence of echinoderm ancestry and evolution. HENDERSON - Cenozoic Australasian clypeasteroid echinoids of the Familv Arachnoididae ; Late Cambrian eocrinoids from western Queensland, Australia. HILL — Cloacal rhythmicity and local degeneration in holothurians. HYLANDER - Comparative aspects of fertilization and mechanisms of species- specificity; ultrastructure of echinoderm gametes and events of fertilization. JA.MES - Shallow-water echinoderms of the Andaman Islands. JANGOUX - Structure and function of digestive systems of seastars and sea urchins; echinoderms of Africa south of Sahara. KANATANI - Mechanisms of oocyte maturation in starfish. KELLER - Populat5.cn dynamics cf Jamaican Tripneustes ventricosus and Lytechinus variecatus : the role of these species and fishes as structuring forces of the infauna and seagrass communities. KOBAYASHI - Marine pollution bioassay by sea urchin eggs. KOGO - Crinoid fauna of Japanese and neighboring waters. KOLATA - Solutan carpoid family Iov/acystidae ; crinoids from Middle Ordovician Bromide Formation of Oklahoma (with Sprinkle and others) ; Middle Ordovician echinoderms from upper Mississippi River valley (with Strimple and others). KOMATSU - Development and metamorphosis of sea stars. KYTE - Northeastern Pacific Ophiuroidea; systematics and deep-sea ecology. Gorgonocephalus , systematics and some aspects of biology; Panama ophiuroids, systematics. LEWIS — Ecology of subtidal populations of Echinus . LIDDELL - Niche structuring of shallow water Caribbean crinoids; biostratinomy of Recent and fossil echinoderms , particularly crinoids; paleoecology of Ordovician and Silurian echinoderms. MACKIE - Distribution of steroidal saponins in the Echinodermata and their ecological significance;, mode, of action of saponins on cell membranes. MALUF - Echinoderm diversity. Gulf of California. J1ARCUS , N.H. - Population genetics of Arbacia punctulata ; effect of temperature upon isozyme production in the larval phase of A. punctulata . MARSH --Systematics of Western Australian asteroids; revision of the genus Hacelia (with Rowe ) . MEYER - Ecology and functional morphology of Indo-Pacific crinoids (with Macurda) ; association of a polychaete with the ophiuroid Ophiocoma echinata (with Kendler) ; biological and physical fluctuations in the reef flat communities of Atlantic Panama. MLADENOV - Reproductive biology of Ophiothrix oerstedti , Ophiothrix suensoni , Ophiocoma echinata . MUKAI - Ecology, population dynamics and feeding preferences in sea-stars. MUSCAT Growth and reproduction of Ophiop locus esmarki . NAVEN - Ecology of Asterias rubens in parts of Kiel Bay. NESTLER - Regular echinoids of the Upper Cretaceous. NIESEH - Variation in growth rate and test morphology in Dendraster excentricus populations . OHTA - Ecological investigations of deep-sea megalo-benthos ; quantitative estimation and analysis of spatial patterns using deep-sea stereocamera •OLDFIELD - Surface fine structure of echinoids; taxonomic applications. OLVER - Taxonomy and paleoecology of British Jurassic irregular echinoids. PARSLEY - North American Mitrata (with Caster) ; primitive echinoderms of the 3romide Formation of Oklahoma; echinoderms of the Lexington Limestone of Kentucky. . , PAUL - Simulation of respiratory exchange in fossil echinoderms? British Ordovician cystoids; Scandinavian Ordovician echinoderms; North American Silurian Rhombifera. PAV7S0N - Antarctic and Indo-west-Pacific holothurians , systematics. PEARSE - Kelp forest ecology; echinoid reproduction. PHELAN - Processes by which accessory tube feet and lateral water vessels are added to clypeasteroid plates with grovjth. PROKOP - Bohemian Devonian echinoderms, mainly crinoids from the boundary lower-middle Devonian; systematics, biostratigraphy, paleoecology. ROSE - Mediterranean Tertiary echinoids; paleoecology of Jurassic irregular echinoids. ROUX - Post-Paleozoic stalked crinoids: microstructure and ontogeny of the stem; stalked crinoids of the Bay of Biscay. RUTMAN - Reproductive activity of feather-stars Lamprometra klunzingeri (Hartlaub) and Hathrometra savignyi (Muller) from the Gulf of Eilat (Red Sea) . SANCHEZ - Comparison of the organization of surface currents due to ciliary action in asteroids. SCHEIBLIHG - Ecology of geographically separated populations of Oreaster reticulatus in the Grenadines: population structure, distribution, feeding and reproductive cycle. SHAFFER - ophiuroids; salinity tolerance of Ophiothrix angulata . SHIPAI - Mechanisms of oocyte maturation in starfish. SIBUET - Ecology of abyssal echinoderms in the Bay of Biscay, including reproductive periodicities of some ophiuroids; the asteroid genus Hymen as ter in the Atlantic Ocean. SINGLETARY - Biology and ecology of Leptosynapta inhaerens . SLOAN - Predatory behavior of the British sunstar Crossaster papposus . SPEEL - Antarctic crinoids; statistical analysis of morphological variation in crinoids; coastal survey of marine invertebrates from Goldsboro Bay to Calais, Maine. STANCYK - Larval nutrition, population dynamics of estuarine- ophiuroids. STRATHMANN - Limitations of ciliary feeding mechanisms in larvae and consequences for larval morphology; limitations on distribution of ambulacra; adaptive aspects of complex life cycles. STRIMPLE - Pennsylvanian and Mississippian crinoids; Permian crinoids from southwest Texas; upper Cambrian echinoderms of SE Missouri (with Sprinkle) ; solutan carpoids (vzith Kolata and Levorson) ; Moscovicrinus from Belitung Island, Indonesia (with Yancey); Ordivician echinoderms from Iowa and Illinois. • SUMMERS - Investigations of mechanisms controlling species-specificity of fertilization. TAKASHIMA - Cytochemistry in oogenesis, including radioautography and X-ray microanalysis. THOMAS - Atlantic ophiuroids; O phiopsila , O phiura , Astroschema , Ophiomusium , Cphiacantha and related genera. THOMPSON, G.B. - Distribution and abundance of echinoderms, especially sea urchins, in Hong Kong coastal waters, with particular reference to influences of pollution. TOWN - Biology and ecology of the New Zealand sea-star Astrostole scabra , with par tirntLar reference to breeding cycle, physiological tolerances, population dyassii.cs...-- TURNER - Organic composition of echincderm eggs; changes in organic composition of echinoderm embryos and larvae during development; ultras tructure • and function of* epidermal glands or juvenile Synaptula hydriformis during... in tracoelomic incubation; intra-ossicle resorption of calcite^..., _ - U3AGIIS - The genus Abacocrinus (Crinoidea, Camerata) from the Silurian of . Gotland; systematic description of some new Stylophora. Broertjes and Schoenmahers) . ' 9 -ith Oudejans, IJAHLrlAM - Cystoids and crinoids from Middle Siluri an - . Ohio; stratigraphic occurrence and oaleoecoloqv of f^ ln Indlana 30(3 cystoid lepadocystis moorei (Meek ) . " W of the Upper Ordovician KAHIER - Suspension feeding in echinodems; dense populations of echinodertns . by echinoderms; replication of echinodenr. skeletal oo ^ eP ° Slted flELCH - carboniferous crinoids; functional morphology of crinoids. l.’ELLS - Use of Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis as a • . YAHAGUCHI - Larval development and geographical distribution of coral reef cS reef re P ro * ucti ™ stra^giL of YEnsert - Ecology of sunstar Heliaster kubinii. Sonora, Mexico. Theses and Dissertations ; ;:dujn to the lists of Ph.D. Dissertations and Masters * Theses concerning echinoderms. Previous lists published in the Newsletter: Ho. 3 (April ±971); No. *4 (December 1972); No. 6 (April 1975). Prepared by John M. Lawrence . Ph.D. Dissertations: Annala, -T . H. 197^. Foraging strategies and population effects of Asterias rubens and Nucella lapillus . Univ. of New. Hampshire. Anderson, C.L.R. 197^. Determination of tubulin pool size and patterns of synthesis during early sea urchin development. Purdue. Asterita. H.L. 19o2. Pres sure -temperature studies on the hyaline membrane of sea urchin eggs. New York U. Badman, W*S>. 1968 . Serological studies of embryogenesis in echinoids. U. of Florida. Berry, 0,T, 193^. Miocene and Recent Ophiura skeletons. Johns Hopkins. Boylan, E,S. 1972. Aspects of gene activity during oogenesis in the amphi- bian Xc nopu s laevis and the starfish, Asterias forces i . Cornell. Brandriff, B.F. 1975. .Parthenogenesis in the sea urchin Lytechinus pictus . U. of California, Santa Cruz. Brehm, P. H, 1975. Bioluminescence: the anatomy and physiology of its nervous control in Ophiopsila californica (Echinodermata: Ophiuroiaea) . U. of Calif- ornia, Los Angeles. Brett, 1963 . Relationships between marine invertebrate infauna distrib- ution and sediment type in Bogue Sound, North Carolina. U. of North Carolina, (includes Ophiura and Moira ) . Brower, J-C. 19&5- Evolution and Classification of primitive actinocrinitids U. of Wisconsin. \ Cameron, P A. 1975* The initiation and early events of metamorphosis of sea urchins. U . of California, Santa Cruz. Candelas, G.C. 1966 . A study of sea urchin polyribosomes in their relation to the control of protein synthesis. U. of Miami. Case, S,i 197^- Dynamic properties of chromosomal D.N.A. isolated from sea urchin. embryos . U. Southern California. Chase, j.G. 19&7. Inhibition of the cortical reaction with high hydrostatic pressure and its effects on the fertilization and early development of sea. urchins. U. of Washington. Cochran, H . C . 197*4. Spawning induced by radial nerve and gonad factors during the temperature-regulated reproductive cycle of the purple sea urchin, :,c 0 c rit ro t u. s purouratu n (St imp-son) . U. of California, Los Angeles. Cohen, ; embryog H. 1968. Sea urchin polysomes and their function during .esis. U. of Miami. Colon, pur if .ie 1 ■ *£• B. 1974. Comparison of the biological activities of crude and hclothurin from the tubules of the Bahamian sea cucumber Actino- sizi Selenka. New York U. Javidso? echinoi- J.M. 1974. On the role of the epithelial basal lamina in morphogenesis. Stanford. Subroff , sea urc; L.M. 1975*- Molecular classes of heterogeneous nuclear R.N.A. in . n embryos. U. of Pennsylvania. Eckberg. morphog- WoR. 1975. Altered pattern of gene activity in abnormal sea urchin esis . Michigan State U. Elder, u the fer- purpura i C. 1912. The relation of the zona pelludida to the formation' of .lization membrane in the egg of the sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus ,s ) . U. of California. Berkeley. Engstro- dendroc Solaste N.A. 1974. Population dynamics -and prey-predator relations of a rote holothurian, Cucumaria lubrica, and sea stars in the genus U. of Washington. Estes , t , A. 1974. Population numbers, feeding behavior and the ecological importar Arizona e of sea otters in the western Aleutian islands, Alaska. U. of (includes effect of predation on Atrongylocentrotus ) Wylers , the sta: -P. 1975. Functional morphology of the skeleto-muscular system of ish, Asterias forbesi. Duke. Fowler, of mode : Caribbe- .L. 1972. Distribution of magnesium and strontium in the skeletons regular echinoias from the United States Atlantic coart and the Sea. Indiana U. Fry, H.-i amphias’ . 1925* Asters in artificial parthenogenesis. I. The origin of the r in eggs of Echinaraehnius parma. Columbia. George, of the ,F. 1967. Polysome differences during the first division cycle a urchin egg. U. of Miami. Goldste flagella , S.F. 1968. Local activation and inactivation experiments on California Inst, of Technology, ("sea urchins") Hand, G tial sy: Asteria . 1987. Correlations between germ layer aifferentaaticn and sequen- ces is of ribonucleic acid during embryogenesis of the starfish forbesi. U. of. North Carolina. Hanson, Oregon ; .C. 1968. The effectr of versene on dividing sea urchin eggs, ate U. ■ Hart , P. a lit;: 1' ‘ . 1987. The effect of spcrmatozoan senescence on embryonic mort- Rana pipiens and Arbacia punctulata. U. of Illinois. Hartmann , J.F. 1968 . The ' solated riitotic apparatus: studies on nucleo- n rote ins. U. of Toronto. Hibbard, H. 1921. Cytopls ,mic inclusions in the egg of Schinarachnius earn* a.. Bryn Mawr . Hudson, J.L. 197k. Translational modulation of protein synthesis by sea urchin transfer R.N.A. U. of Miami. Karlson, R.K. 1975. The effects of predation by the sea urchin. Arbacia punctulata , on a marine epibenthic community. Duke. Kastendiek, J.E. 1975. Thu role of behavior and interspecigic interactions in determining the distributi m and abundance of Renilla kollikeri Pfeffer, a member of a sub tidal sand bottom community. U. of California, Los Angeles, (includes roles of Kendras ~;er and Astropecten ) . Kew, W.S.W. 1917. Cretaceous and Cenozoic Echinoidea of the Pacific Coast of North America. U. of California, Berkeley. ■ Krischer , K.N. 1967 . Studies in proteolytic enzymes in the sea urchin egg. U. of Miami. Low , C.J. 1975. The effect of grouping on Strongylocentrotus f ranciscanus , the giant red sea- urchin, on its population biology. U. of British Columbia. Macurda, D.B. 1963 . Studies on the blastoid genus Orophocrinus , U. of Wisconsin. Mayo, P. 1974. Ecological. chemical and behavioural studies of avoidance responses in sea-stars, lb of Aberdeen. Mastrangelo, M.F. 1965- / study of the vegetalizing action of- tyrosine on the sea urchin embryo. Yale. Meeker, G.L, 1968 . Seme effects' of ‘ intracellular potassium deficiency on cleavage in echinoid eggs VJashington State U. Myers, A.C. 1973. Sediment reworking, tube building, and burrowing in a shallow subtidal marine bottom community: rates and effect. U. Rhode Island. Mundell, R.D. 1965 . Imm.ur clog i cal studies on the starfish oocyte nucleus us. U. of Pittsburgh. Nicotri, M.E. 1974. Resource partitioning, grazing activities and influence of the microflora by intertidal limpets. U. of Washington (incrudes Leptast -* erias , Pisaster ) . Riesen, T.M. 1973- Population and reproductive biology of the six-rayed sea star Leptasterias hexactb on the protected outer coast. U. of Oregon. ftzaki, II. 1975. Differentiation in', esterases in the development of echino- derms and their hybrids. U. of VJashington. Perkins, D.L. 1968 . The response of unfertilized sea urchin eggs to continu- ous direct current stimulation, b. of California. Los Angeles. Phil, ; F: : ck- . aid T.i O Forte:, coral ■ (in cl u Rokten - San Li- Ruth or vari-j." Berkcl S ingh ■ sides S^ate :: U- of - Sxob .. eobr Smith, at in;; Snisur rocks Safer.. c ivir ; Tegner polys r Crlii j I'ner^ . . derm avtifi U .br - r\n:. V icq ' dlth ' ' U . c 1 V irh Irf o' ild ■ , P.V, 7 . 1974. Distance chenorecept ion and avoidance of the ; starfish Fisas ter oohraceus by the gastropods Acmaea .la) primatala and Acnaea ( Not-oacmaea ) scutum . Stanford. b.j 3 R.M. 1966 . -Correlation of magnesuum uptake -with development min synthesis in embryos of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus . ■\iifornia, Berkeley. y.W. 1973. Biological, physical and historical forces structuring .mof comm uni ties on opposite sides of the isthmus of Panama. Yale. Acanthaster ) . J. 197p. Breeding patterns in the deep sea. U. of California, ■'go. (includes Ophiomusiunr , Qphiacantha ) . . ford, J.C. 1975. Electrophoretic, morphological and reproductive Ion in the sea cucumber Cucumaria pseudocurata . U. of California ■IT. 197*4. The nature, distribution and function of steroid glyco- ■1 the starfish, Marthasterias glacialis . U. of Aberdeen. , 3.W. 1967. On the role of R.N.A. in early echinoid embryogenesis . Ihlinoia. R.D. 1974. Cyclic A.M.P. and microtubule assembly in the sea urchin Rennselaer Polytechnic Inst. ;iD. 1965 . Genetic control of macromolecular synthesis during regal- mosaic development. Johns Hopkins. , .T.S. 1931. A study of the echinoid fragments in the Cretaceous c‘7 Texas. Princeton. ■AH. 1967 . Protein synthesis in the sea' urchin egg during the fii*st or cycle. U. of Miami-. . il.J. 1974. Sea urchin sperm-egg interactions and the block against I'my: a scanning electron! microscope and experimental . study. U. of rui.a, San Diego. . . v - ...on, C.E. 1926. The origin and nature of cleavage centers in echino- ;;;s. An experimental and cytological study of astral phenomena in rial parthenogenesis of sea urchin eggs. Columbia U. , R.J. 1974. Metabolic adjustment to temperature in ff.trongylocentrotus on is (Stimpson). Oregon State U. •: , v.D. 1968 . The twinning of echinoid embryos wy treatment with. .reit-ol and the structural basis for the interaction of blastomeres. -lifornia, Berkeley. . ;;.A. i 960 . A comparison of fine structural and functional changes agenesis and cleavage in regulative and mosaic embryos. U. of Illinoi- ,E. 1074. The effects of benzimidazole and certain enzymes on sea . nd sand dollar zygotes. Washington State U. Webtbc.y S.K. 1972. The respiratory physiology, of Strongyloce; :- rotu s run ur reus St imps on with particular reference to the reproduct : ve cycle, Stanford. Yinest . J.Y. 197^4 . The utilization of organic detritus and associated mici ocrganisns by Parastichopus parvimens is , a benthic deposit • feeding holotr urian. U. of Southern California. Master': 1 Theses: A he am, G.A. 1967- Phosphorus kinetics in Holothuria atra . U. of Hawaii. Bader, R.G. 1952- A quantitative study of physical , chemical and biolog- ical variants of modern sediments. Chicago, (includes Echinar uc hnius ) . Brocks ; E.J. 1973* Some aspects of the taxonomy and biology c 7 the genus . Lept 0 s 7 na.pt a. '(Hol'othuroidea ) in British Columbia. U. of Victor ia, B'„C. Caldwell, J. 1972. Substrate selection by Mellita quinquiespe : T orata . U. of Florida. Engs t mm, IT. A. 1970. The reproductive cycles, systematic staivv-:, and general biology of Holothuria ( Halodeima ) f loridana Pourtales , 1859 and pH. ' mexicana Ludwig , 1875- U. of Miami. Greer, D.L. 1961 . Feeding behavior and morphology of. the digc.cive system of the sea star Pycnopodia • helianthoides (Brandt) Stimpson. U, of Washington Oregg. X.W. 1966 . A comparison of fertilizin and cytofertiliz : .u from eggs of Arb ucia punctulata . Emory. U. Hylandur, B*L. 1975- An ultrastructural analysis of the garnet -c and the early events of gamete interaction. U. of Maine . . Muscat A. M. 1975. Reproduction and growth in the ophiuroid C .n ionereis annu ls ,a. San Biego State U. Corm- 11, M.G. 1971. The fine structure of venom glands in ■ lobiferous pedicel lariae from the purple sea urchin , Strongylocentrotus u . rrpuratus (5timp:;on). California State U. , Long Beach. Reir. schmidt , D.C. 1969 . Regeneration in the sea cucumber Thyc :11a geranata. Florid:. State U. Rutherford, J.C. 1971. Population biology of the holcthurian . u cumaria pseudo- curs ts U. of California, Berkeley. Wahl.nE'.., G. 197^. Stratigraphy, structure, paleontology ana j, ivoecelogy of the Si'urian Reef at Montpelier, Indiana. Indiana U. ■Waller. C.W. 1973. Morphology and histology of the reproduct i • system of Aster! ..3 vulyar is . Cornell. Wel-is , P.G. 1969 . Relationship of two physicochemical paramet intra.i. hestinal distribution of the entocomnensal ciliate faun cenwro us spp. U. of Toronto. • . s to the v of Surongylo - More Current Research Projects BLANKENSHIP - deep-sea holothurians off California. BRETT - revision of classification of Stephanocrinus (with Breimer) Ordovician hardgrouna echinoderm communities of Kirkfield, Ontario area; echinoderm paleoecology of Middle Silurian Waldron Shale of Indiana and Tennessee. CARCAMO - Chilean asteroids. IRIMURA - ophiuroids of Prince Harald Coast, Antarctica; ophiuroids of Sag ami Bay. CHAFFEE - ecology and morphology, of asteroids . KRISHNAN - reproductive and nutritional cycles in the echinoid Salmacls virgulata . SHIRLEY - systematics and ecology of Gulf of Mexico echinoderras. TORTONESE - echinoderms of the northern Red Sea; echinoderms of Somaliland. Address Change Green, Jeffrey I)., 50 Greenfield St . , Buffalo, New York 14214. Additions to Mailing List Chaffee, C. - Department of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118. Shirley, Thomas C.- Department of Zoology, Louisiana State Univer- sity, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70893- Recent Publications and Papers in Press This list is based upon Newsletter replies plus reprints received. Please note that many of the papers listed 'below as "in press" will already have been published. AP2IAUD, P a II* , 1974. Contribution a la bionomi* marine benthique des regions antarctiques et sub an tar cliques. Tethys, 6 (3): 465-656. ATWOOD, D.G. , 1974. Fine structure of spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids of the sea cucumbers- Cucumaria lubrica and Leptosynapta clarki (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) - Can. J. Zool., 52; 1389-1396 .• 9 1974- Fine structure of an elongated dors o vent rally compressed echinoderm (Holothuroidea) spermatozoon. J. Morph. 145; 189-203. ^ 9 B.u. CRANFORD and G.D. BRAY3R00X f in press. A technique for processing mucous coated marine invertebrate spermatozoa for scanning electron microscopy. J. Microscopy. and F.S. Chia, 1974. Fine structure of an unusual spermatozoon of a brooding sea cucumber, Cucumaria lubrica. Canadian Jour, of Zool. 52 (4): 519-523. BAIRD, R.H., ed. , 1974. Bech-De-Mer of the South Pacific Islands, a Handbook for Fishermen. BAICER, A .N. and L.M. MAPvSH, in press. The rediscovery of Halityle reqularis Fisher (Echinodemata: Asteroidea) . Records of the Western Australian Museum. BAKUS, G. J- , 1974. Toxicity in holothurians : a geographical pattern. Biotropica 6 (4); 229-236. ___* 1975. Marine zonatioh and ecology of Cocos Island, off Central America. Atoll Res. Bull. 179; 1-9. . ‘ and GERARDO GREEN, 1974. Toxicity in sponges and holothurxant A geographic pattern. Science, 185; 951-953. BEIL, 3.H., 1976. A study of North American Edrioasteroxdea. New York State Museum Memoir 21, 446 pp. — , 1976. Ontogeny and systematics of Timeis chytes casteri sp. nov. * An enigmatic Devonian edrioasteroid. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 67 (287) : 33-56. ' Press. Ordovician Edrioasteroidea of Kentucky. In Ordovician Paleontology of Kentucky, U.S.G.S. Professional Paper. ' in press. Respiratory schemes in the Class Edrioasteroidea. Journal of Paleontology. and PETERSEN, in press. An edrioasteroid from the Guilmstte Formation at Wendover, Utah-Nevada. ... > STRIMPLE and C.O. LEVORSON, in press. Edrioasteroids (Echinoderxnata) or the riaquoketa Formation of Iowa. Iowa Acad. Sci. 12 . BELMAN, B. and A.C. GIESE, 1974. Oxygen consumption of an asteroid and an echinoid from the Antarctic. Biol. Bull. 146: 157-164. BELYAEV, G.M. , 1974. A new family of abyssal starfishes. Institute of Oceanology, USSR Academy of Sciences (Moscow), 53 (10): 1502-1508. BENGTSON, S., 1970. The Lower Cambrian fossil Tomnotia. Lethaia, 3: 363-392. BIRKELAND, C. , D.L. MEYER, J.P. STAMES, and C.L. EUFORD, 1975. Subtidal communities of Malpelo Island. In: The Biological Investigation of Malpelo Island, Colombia. Smithsonian Contr. to Zool. , 176: 55-68. BLAKE, D.B., 1975. A new West American Miocene species of the modem Australian cphiuroid Ophiocrossota. Journal of Paleontoloov 49 - 501-507. 1 BREIMER, A. and G. UBAGHS, 1975. A critical comment on the classification of the pelmatozoan echinoderms . Koninkl. Nederl. Akad. v. Wetenschappen, Proc. B, 77 (5): 308-417. _______ and A. J. OOP, 1975. An anatomic and taxonomic study of some Lower and Middle Devonian blastoids from Europe and North America. I. Akademie Van Wetenschappen-Amsterdnm. 78 (1): 40-61. an <* WEBSTER, 1975. A further contribution to the Paleoecology and fossil stalked crinoids. Akadeiric Van Wetenschappen Amsterdam. Series B, 78 (3): 149-167. BRITO, I.M. and L. RAMIRES, 1974. Contribuicao ao Conhecimento dos Equinoides Albianos (Cretaceo Inferior) do Brasil. An. Acad, brasil. Cienc. r 46 (2) : 275-282. ,1974. Equinoides do Mioceno Inferior do Norte do Brasil. An. Acad, brasil. Cienc. 46 (2): 263-274. BROADHEAD, T.t T . , 1974. Reevaluation of the morphology of Amecystis laevis (Raymond) . Jour. Paleont. 48: 670-673. and H.L. STRIMPLE , in press. Respiration in the vagrant ' Ordovician cystoid, Amecystis. Paleobiology. BROOM, D.M. , 1975. Aggregation behavior of the brittle-star Ophiothrix fragilis . J. mar. biol. Ass. UK, 55: 191-197. CHAUVEL, J.P., 1973. Les echinodermes cystoides de l'Ordovicien de Capo de Penas (Austuries) . Breviora Geol. Asturica 1973, no. 2. ' , B. MELENDEZ, and LeMENN, in press. Les echinodermes (cystoides et crinoides) de l'Ordovicien superieur de Luesma (Sud de l 1 Aragon, Espagne) . , in press. Echinodermes Rhombiferes de l'Ordovicien du Maroc. CHIA, F.S. and D. ATTJCOD and B. CRANFORD, 1975. Comparative morphology of echinoderm sperm and possible phylogenetic implications. Amer. Zool. 15: 533-565. ^ and H. AMERONGEN, 1975. On the prey-catching pedicellariae of a starfish, Stylasterias forreri (de Loriol) . Canadian Jour, of Zool. 53 (6) : 748-755. CLARK, A.M., 1975. The Swain Reef s Expedition : Crinoidea. Rec. Aust. Mus -29 (13): 391-406. - , 1976. Ophiura Lamarck, 1801 and Ophioderma Muller G^Troschel, 1840: Revised proposals for stabilization. Bull. Zool- , - Nomencl. 32 (4). , in press. Echinoderms of coral reefs. Chapter 3. Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs (O.A. Jones and R. Endean, eds) . Biol. 2: 95-123. and J. COTIRTilAN- STOCK , in press. The Echinoderms of southern Africa. Publ. British Museum (Nat. Hist.). and R. V- MELVILLE, 1976. Ophiolepis Muller & Troschel, 1840: Request for designation of a type-species under the Plenary Powers. Bull. Zool. Nomencl. 32 (4). COLOMBERA, D-, 1974. Chromosome evolution in the phylum Echinodermata. z. Zool. Syst. Evolut . -Forsch. 12 (1974): 299-303. COLUIN, A.L., L.H. COLWIN,' and R.G. SUMMERS, ' 1974. The acrosomal region and the beginning of fertilization in the holothurian, Thyone briareus . in: The Functional Anatomy of the Spermatozoon, p. 27. (Afzelius, B.A. , ed. ) . Pfc-rgamzn Press, New York. CRAPP, G.B. and M.E. WILLIS, in press. Age determination in the sea urchin Paracentrotus li vidus (Lamarck) , with notes on the reproductive cycle. J. exp. mar. Biol- Ecol. , 20 (2). CRAWFORD, B.J. and F.S. CHIA, 1974, Fine structure of the mucous cell in the sea pen, Ptilosarcus guerneyi , vjith special emphasis on the possible role of microfilaments in the control of mucus release. Canadian Jour, of Zool. 52 (12): 1427-1432. DAM3ACH, M. and W. Weber, 1975. Inhibition of pigment movement by Cytochalasin B in the chromatophores of the sea urchin Centrostephanus longispinus. Comp. 3iochem. Physiol. 50C: 49-52. ' ' DAYTON, P.K. , 1975. Experimental evaluation of ecological dominance in a rocky intertidal algal community . Ecological Monographs 45 (2): 137-159. . , 1975. Experimental studies of algal canopy interactions in a sea otter-dominated kelp community at Amchitka Island, Alaska. Fishery Bulletin 73 (2): 230-237. DEARBORN, J.H. and F. J. FELL, 1974. Ecology of echinoderms .from the Antarctic Peninsula. Antarctic Journal of the United States, 9 (6) : 304-305. ■, in press. Foods and feeding characteristics of Antarctic asteroids and ophiuroids. Proc. Third Symposium on Antarctic Biology, Washington, D.C. DOWNEY, M.E. , 1976. Asteroidea from Malpelo Island v;ith a description of a new species of the genus Tamaria . Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, no. 176: 85-90. ENGEL, H. , 1976. On a new echinid from the Cretaceous of Maastricht: Scutellina supramarginal is (Echinoidea, Gnathostomata, Clypeasteroida, Laganina, Fibulariidae) . Bulletin Zoologisch Museum Amsterdam, 5 (7) : 18-III-1976 . ELLINGTON, W.R. , 1975. Glucc-je degradation and respiratory in starfish tissue. Federation Proceedings 34: 466 (ABSTRACT). _ 1975. Holothurian facultative anaerobiosis . Amer. Sool. 15: 808. EVLERS, J.P., in press. Aspects of skeletal! mechanics of the starfish Asterias f orbesii . Jeer. Korphol. FELL, F. J. , 1975. The cchinoid genus Centres te oh an us in the South Pacific Ocean v/ith a description of a new species. Journal of -the Royal Society of Mew Zealand, 5 (2) : 179-193 . FEP.GUSOM, J.C., 1974. Fatty acid and carbohydrate storage in the annual reproductive cycle of Fchinaster . Comp. Bioclem. Physiol. 52A: 535-590. , 1976. The annual cycle -of fatty acid composition in a starfish. Comp. Biochcm. Physiol. 54B: 249-252. FREST, T.J., 1375. Caryccrinitid.ua (Echinodermata: Rhombifera) of the Laurel Limestone of southeastern Indiana. Fieldiuna Geology 30 (4): 81-106. , 1975. Marsupiocrir.idae of the Laurel Limestone of southeastern Indiana. Geol. ling. 112 (6) : 565-574. GUILLE , A. , 1974. Astcridec et Cphiurides recoltees aux lies Kerguelen par P. Grua. Ccru nati. Fr. rech. antarct. 35: 32-44. , in press . Eanthic bicnomy of the continental shelf of the Kerguelen Islands. • ihcrofauna. I. Echinoderirs of the Morbihan Gulf. Quantitative data- Froc, Third Sj?mp. Antarctic Biol. Washington, D.C. , in press. Compte-rer.du ‘ do la carpagr.e MDO 4/Benthos effectuee a ~ bord du II. S. Marlon-Duf resne du 14.2 au 23. 3.1975: Bionomie du plateau continental des ilrs Kerguelen. Ichthyologie , Hydrologie, Sedimen tolcgie . Com. natl. Fr. rech. antarct. and J. SGiLR, in press. Eior.omie benthique du plateau continental de la cote catrne franchise. VII. Macrofauns et meiofaune rapports quantitatifs et biecenotiques . Vie Milieu. and , in press. Prospections bionomiques du plateau continental des iles Kerguelen. Golfe du Morbihan et Golfe des Baleiniers. Com. nati. Fr. rech. aitarct. and J. PONGE, in press. Application de 1* analyse des correspondances a 1 ' etude des pev.plonents benthiqres de la cote cacalane francaise. Ann. irst. Ocaanogr, Paris. and G. CHE RFCMI II LI< . in press. Fur la presence a 1‘ile Heard, de i'ophiu.re Astro ph lur a pemira -(Sladen) . Bull. Mus . Hist. nat. Paris. G."jY’T*V P.W. f 1974. The impact of Acanthaster on corals and coral reefs in the Eastern Pacific. Environmental Conservation !: 295-304. GRUA, P., ed- , 1974. Invertebres del' infralittoral Rocheux dans I'Archipel de Kerguelen. CNFRA, 3 (35) : 1-44. HANSEN , B . , 1975. Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians. Part 1. Elasipoda. Galathea Report 13: 1-262. HAUDE, R. and LANGEMSTRASSEN , F . , in press. Angle teeth (goniodonts) of ophiocistioids from the Silurian, Devonian and Carboniferous. Lethaia. an<2 , , in press. Rotasaccus dentifer , ein neuer ' Ophiocistioide nit "holothuroiden" Radchen-Skleriten und "echinoidem" Kauapparat. Palaont. Seitschr. HAUGH, B.N. , 1975. Digestive and ccelomic systems of Ilississippian camerate crinoids. Jour. Palecnt. 49 (3) : 472-493. f 1975. Nervous systems of Ilississippian camerate crinoids. Paleobiology, 1 (3): 261-272. f 1975. Fossil evidence of dipleurula ancestry and visceral evolution of echinoderms. Geol. Soc. Amer. Meetings, Salt Lake City (ABSTRACT) . HENDLER, G. , 1975. Adaptational significance of the patterns of ophiuroid development. American Zoologist, 15 (3) : 691-715. HESS, H., 1975. Mikropalaontologische Untersuchungen an Ophiuren Die Ophiuren aus den Gunsberg-Schichten (obers Oxford) vom Guldental (Kt. Solothurn). Eclogae geol. Helv. 68 (3): 691-601. , 1975. Mikropalaontologische Untersuchungen an Ophiuren Die Ophiuren aus den Humeral is- Schich ten (Ober-Oxford) von Raedersdorf (Ht-Rhin) . Eclogae geol. Helv. 68 (3): 603-612. HIMMELMAM , J.H. , in press. Phytoplankton as a stimulus for spawning in three marine invertebrates. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 1975. HOROWITZ, A.S. and H.L. STRIMPLE, 1974. Chesterian echinoderm zonation in eastern United States. Int. Carb. Congress, Compte. Rendu, Bd. Ill: 207-219. HYLANDER, B.L. and R . G . SUMMERS , 1975. An ultras true tural investigation of the spermatozoa of two ophiuroids, Ophiocoma echinata and Ophiocoma wendt i. Cell and Tiss. Res. 158: 151-160. JAMES, D.B., 1974. Note on the development of the asteroid Asterina burton! Gray. J. Mar. biol'. Ass. India, 14 (2) : 883-834. JANGOUX, M. , 1975. Note sur le genre Tethyaster, Sladen (Echinodermata, Asteroides, Astropectenidae) . Rev. Zool. afr. 89 (4): 761-768. f c. MASS IN, et E. VAN IMPE, in press. Mise en evidence du role eroonctoire des caecums rectaux d* Asterias rubens L. (Echinodemata, Asfceroidea) . C. R. Acad. Sci, Paris, 231: 643-646. and J.-P. V. BOSSCHE - 1975. Morphology and dynamics of the coelcmocytes of A,sterias rubens L. (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) . Forma et Functio. 8: 191-208. . JEFFERIES , R.P.S., 1975. Fossil evidence concerning the origin of the chordates. Symp. zool. Soc. Iiondon, 36: 253-318. KANATANI, H. , 1974. Mechanism of oocyte maturation and gamete release in starfishes. II. Maturation-inducing substance. Zool. Mag. (Tokyo) , 83: 125-134. " , 1974. Hormonal mechanism of oocyte maturation — starfish as a model system. Protein-Nucleic Acid-Enzyme, 19: 1133-1143. , 1974. Presence of 1-methyl adenine in sea urchin gonad and its relation to oocyte maturation. Development and Growth and Differentiation, 16 (3): 159-170. KEIZER, P.D. and P.G. WELLS, 1975. The effectiveness and toxicity of the oil dispersant, oilsperse 43, in large outdoor tanks. Surveillance Report Canadian EPS 5-AR-75-8. KENNEDY, B. and J.S. PEARSE, 1975. Lunar synchronization of the monthly reproductive rhythm in the sea urchin Centrostephanus coronatus Verrill. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 17: 323-331. KIER, P.M. , 1975. The echinoids of Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 206- KOBAYASHI, N. , 1973. Studies on the effects of some agents on fertilized sea urchin eggs, as a part of the basis for marine pollution bioassay. Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 21 (2): 109-114. / 1974. Marine pollution bioassav by sea urchin eggs; an attenpt to enhance accuracy. Publ. Seto riarine Biol. Lab. 21: 377-391. , 1974. Bioassay data for marine pollution using sea Urchin eggs, 1972 and 1973. Ibid., 21: 411-432. KOGO, KOLATA KOMATS : KRISHNA KUBOTA. LANE,. 1 . LARRAI1 L?f?RENC and PL YAMADA, (T- TJchida. ed. ; 2 7- 80c Nakayama 1974 • Crinoidea, in "Systematic Zoology" in Japanese) : Vbl. S (Mid.) Echinodcrraata Shoten, Tokyo, t 0 ,R. , 1975, Middle Ordovician echinoderms from northern Illinois and southern Wisconsin. Paleo. Soc„ Mem. 1. 1 4 pp ~-~ r in press, Crinoids from the Upper Ordovician Bighorn formation of Wyoming. Jour. Paleont. . M • f 1975, On the development of the sea-star, Astrooecten latespinosus Meissner, Biol. Bull., 148: 49-59. ~ -r-' 1975.^ Development of the sea-star Asterina coronata japonic a Kayashi. Proc. Jap. Soc. Syst. Zool. 11 ; 42-48. , i, s. and P. SOLEMDAL, 1974. Observations on the transport of sugars in the temperate holothurian, Cucumaria frondosa. Fisk i)xr. Skr. Ser. HavUnders. , 16: 171-176. “ and T. Dale, 1975. Ultrastructural studies on the testis of Cucumaria frondosa (Holothuroidea: Echinodermata) . Norw J. Zool. 23: 1-15. •. ana II. KANATAMI, 1975. Concanavalin A: Its action in ...nducing oocyte maturation- inducing substance in starfish ::ollicle cells. Science, 187: 654-655. L, 1975. The anal sac of Aesiocrinus , a Pennsylvanian i.nadunate crinoid. Journal of Paleontology, 49 ( 4 ) : 638-645. — , 1976. The fossils called Indean Beads. Outdoor Indiana March: 14-17. — and A. BREIMER, 1974. .Arm types and feeding habits of ■aleozoic crinoids. Akademie van Wetenschappen, Amsterdam, 7 (1) : 32-39. ~ and D.B. MACURDA, JR. , 1975. New evidence for muscular rticulations in Paleozoic crinoids. The Paleontoloq r cal society, 1 ( 1 ): 59-62. ' -■RAT, A.P., 1975. Los Equinoideos Regulares Fosiles ■ecientes do Chile. Guyana, 35. J.M., 1973. Temperature tolerances of tropical shaAlow- ater echinoids (Echinodermata) at Elat (Red Sea) . Israel ournal of Zoology, 22: 143-150. _, 1975, The effec 4 - of temperature — salinity combinations oh che functional well-being of adult Lytcchinus vuc iegatus (Echinodermata ; Ech:' noidea) . Biol. Ecol. 18: 271-275. , 1975. On the relationships between marine plants and sea urchins, Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 13: 215-286. LECLERC, , 1973. Etudes ul trastructurales des reaction j d'As terina gibbosa (Echinoderme Asteride) au niveau de 1' organs axial apres injection de di. versos proteines. Ann. d' Immunol - 124C. LOWE , E.P.. and J. LAWRENCE, 1976. /Absorption eff iciencit of Lytechinus variegatu s (Lamarck) (Echinodermata; dchinoidea) for selected marine plants. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol! , , 21: 223-234. LOWENSTAM- K.A. and G.R. ROSE MAI-5 , 1975. Amorphous, hydros, ferric phosphatic aenaal granules in Holpadia (Holothur.oidea) : Physical and chemical characterization and ecologic implications of the .bioinorganic fraction. Chemical Geology, 15: 1L -51. MACKIE, 2-.M. , H.T. SINGH , and T.C. FLETCHER, 1975. Studios on the cytolytic effects of seastar ( Marthas ter i as glacialis) saponins and synthetic surfacants in the plaice Pleuroner 5es platessa. Mar. Biol;. 29: 307-314. MACuRDA, D.B., JR. r 1975. The bathymetry and zoogeograp 1 y of shallow- water crinoids in the Bahama Islands. Hvdro-lab Journal, 3(1): 5-24. , 1975. The Pentremites (Blastoidea) of the Bu rlington Limestone ' (Mississippian) . Journal of Paleontology, 49 (2): 346-373. , 1975. Skeletal modifications related to fooc capture and feeding behavior of the basketstar As trophy ton. Paleobiology, 2 (1) : 1-7. and P.R. RACHEBOEUF, 1975. Devonian and carboniferous spiraculate blastoids from Brittany (France). - oumal of Paleontology 49 (5) : 845-855. MARKEL, , 1975. Wachstum des Coronarskeletes von Para' entrotus lividus I jrik. (Echinodermata, Echinoidea) . Zoom-,. rphologie, 82: 259-280. MASSIN, .and II . JANGOUX, 1576. 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