FAREWELL TO EUROPEAN HISTORY
whole nature is to acquire that unparelleled energy of greatness
whereby, through breeding on the one hand and the destruction
of millions of failures on the other, the man of the future may be
fashioned, and not to perish because of the suffering that results
and the like of which has never existed on earth". In this connec-
tion he adds: "In this great man the specific qualities of life are
at their greatest: injustice, mendacity, exploitation. But wherever
they have carried all before them it is their nature to be mis-
understood at best and interpreted as a good".
On top of this typically Nietzschean portrait which, one feels,
could so easily, indeed was bound to be, misunderstood, there
finally stands that of the "highest man as lawgiver of the future".
This lawgiver, as with Plato and in direct alignment with him,
is a philosopher. The new philosopher, however, "can only arise
in conjunction with a ruling caste as its highest spiritualization.
Imminence of mass-politics and world government". So far there
has been "a complete lack of principles for it", but the basic
thought is: "The new values must first be created. Hence the
philosopher must be a lawgiver. And an educator!" Despite
everything "an educator never says what he himself thinks, but
always only what he thinks in relation to his pupil. He must
never be caught at this dissimulation, it is part of his mastery
that his honesty should be believed. He must be adept in all the
techniques of discipline and correction: some natures he can only
advance by the lash of scorn; others, the lazy, the irresolute,
the timid, the vain, perhaps only with excessive love. Such an
educator is beyond good and evil, but none may know it". He
must "bring about situations in which stronger men are needed
who, for their part, require a morality (or rather, a spiritual-
corporal discipline that strengthens) and will consequently get
it". He must learn "to sacrifice many people and take his affairs
seriously enough not to spare them ... to admit rigorous
discipline and violence and cunning in war". Obviously in this
connection he remarks: "Roman Caesars with the souls of
Christ". As regards the advent of the "highest man" he says:
"After a long and costly sequence of virtue, fitness, industry,
self-coercion, happy and reasonable marriages and happy
accidents there will appear at last a man, a monster of power
who will demand a monster of a task. For it is our power that
rules us", And as to the external position of this whole tribe of