E" - jonas SAT ! i : IS Ae pene HER NET ‘ igh eat : d Decreti : s Rieder cl te ; i SES de te cen Un gut EL EE ete cysteine Rn i it deesamue TR zi TW Tisi eet de ue pei "n 2 ud : Sis SE ed t Nea ET ziti yt P et t STi e INTE EE TO Ms ; d 2g n EHE : Venen Iud ele A iHe en UTE ME 1 dites crore e RETREAT i 1 il vy D e i-i jeter] ELD Alt Pm " u H IS UM | 9 tit iirc ezine pulus HO PEUR miren Im INA eae Ci mi fen ali) fei : É : Qe Tat ERR CEH "EIER inr VOU T UR Hi topi rte ER idi pt c ilu Wyeth fe SUL tte ih ts] (RS SE: ios Lire MEQUE A Eh e den gto HE net edv "UE y T BELT IE t eld ba 5 ih H jou rit NOLO Eie PLE Ni ' DVRs Hees [Rereienipiracetadiess n ME MULA CL SUsdá Sew {Se bt 5 Pn shit Rabe a Bait il - se) M SRM mit (ees sch Ht Phu ZH jen i Healey niall Here dol Hes Herb Het j RES RAM ^ EGET CUL DURS vid eds re NAE REST TIERE rie BN Era Oa H i i Meu e NES " MUT i jh 3 i TUN ir Hot S l J eT aM Ninian ESTE edo : ji AEN i ih Here | i frate jdn eque "du \ ! VANS ; "i (ead that s T bud) sine : hie e vite et M e eit Bahia lea iste tee PS ei ics WOHES d i" Tn NS DOSE ex RH fa ERG Inh i TB i risit i ata opis i . Tl fi ignium i l : MUSEI f ji Misit] See Linen i i etal Buell ws HE Mere ELT a ESL l NONI tt uen Mis i inb 1 (hobs UTA thes * : Vn E s je i en ts T H Pj LFU , QURE ; i i 4 i j^ n j huit luhnet tube ll ] doe ut i fa CaN Ü i HO pater ae | bhi ut lj! (Rise at ^W Ue Fr ila end ' LR "i TIN j Xia "t Viu i {Ma I NA VERON dud ru HIME AT BA il etd : Ji jun EU EPA i Mete FIR Nan uela RE nnde | I AN i It 1 irt T e RID Hd Aa ip TRI M did fill RR PT i pelo DUE a nail ip | ARA cil "EET DA pe DUREE d ERI EB RN “5 BEN Hin neal i Aj Ie NET HUM | REA A NT Uv TANE Ar Tn m r d i f i j ! 1 "n Basti HED i Manatee MR decer | 3 tisch SUL irse cod UN Bi eld NE "I 4 [RM esas enr esti Tn diene - Medie SIE DA Tell : j | ; j] N i ; I Mat nau i MENS LEAN T ana : RIORUM : i tite n lisi rien en nn EST viu BER dg LB ER RID er TUTTE Eh net ata dee ital dette) WETS En frr erst ity i 1 Nd E OR VERENA JG RR VARI ui jj DU I NE ul vel 1 enh AI tle VS tt : | Ur i : " Ile Ahead AM Y i lh 4 C i s vedete] FAM OMNI SM HER ! Ma q t eu ! | ibt sah i : d Uem NRRGALINR RETE ' ) LM Bee wr ua Tri tt im Ade Mee MT M MUS (M i r Hira HIM tL aa AUS p PN ML dub Sant DRE UT "s 3538382 Presented by Miss Elizabeth Marbury SSSE SSSSSSSESSS V. MN * A "m. y L4. HirePURIS VULGARIS. MaREs-TAIL. HIPPURIS Lin. Gen. P MoNANDRIA MONOGYNIA, Calo. Petalao. Stigma fimplex. Sem. t. Raii Sym Gen. 5. HERBE FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO VEL APETALO POTIUS. HIPPURIS vulgaris. Lin. Syf. Vegetab. p. 51. Sp. Pl p. 6. Fl, Suec. n. 2. PINASTELLA. Dillen. Nov. Gen. p. 168. LIMNOPEUCE. Haller. Hjf.p. 264. Vaillant. Mem. de l' Acad. anno 1716, t. 1. f. 3. POLYGONUM femina. Mattb. in Diofé. p. 952. Dodon. Pempt. p. 113. EQUISETUM paluftre brevioribus foliis polyfpermon. | C: B. pin. 15. EQUISETUM paluftre alterum brevioribus fetis. Park, 1200. '- CAUDA EQUINA femina Ger. emac. 1114. Rai Sym p. 136. Hudfon. Fl. Angh ed. 2. p. 2. | Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 70. RADIX perennis, repens, geniculata, alba, geniculis pla-$ ROOT perennial, creeping, jointed and white, the joints | rimis fibris capillata. * furnifhed with numerous capillary fibres. CAULES plurimi, fefquipedales et ultra, ere&i, fimplices, ¥STALKS numerous, a foot and a half. or more in height glabri, ftriati, teretes, {pongiofi, fig. 1. me- upright, fimple, fmooth, ftriated, round, dulla filiformi, compacta, in radicibus tenaci. í {pongy, fig. 1. the pith like a thread in Ale Mee D». im Na $t : Y _ center, compact, and in the roots tough, FOLIA verticillata, o&o circiter, brevia, linearia, gla- y LEAVES growing in whirls, about eight in number berrima, avenia, ad lentem punctata, punctis Y Íhort, linear, perfe&ly {mooth, without veins excavatis. | Y dotted when magnified, the dots appearing | 1 hollow. FLORES hermaphroditi plerumque, prefertim vere, adi FLOWERS for the moft part hermaphrodite, efpecially finem veftatis plures. famineos obíervavi, axil- Y in the fpring, at the clofe of the ERN lares, feffiles. : have obferved many of them to be female | "i i _ growing in the ala af the leaves, and feflile, ; CALYX nullus. . * CALYX none. COROLLA nulla. ~ | $ COROLLA none. STAMEN : FiLAMENTUM unicum, apici germinis in-¥STAMEN: a fingle Finamenr, fitting on the top of fidens, primo breviffimum, demiflo polline lon- : the germen, at firft very fhort, on fheddine gitudine piftilli. Anruera biloba, purpuraf- Y the pollen becoming as long as the Rial cens, majufcula, jig. 2, 3. t ANTHERA compofed of two lobes, purplith and rather large, fig. 2, 3. Y PISTILLUM : Germen oblongum. Sry tus breviffi- ¥ PISTILLUM : GERMEN oblong. SrYrLE very fhort, mus, nudus. Sriema fubulatum, album, ad$ naked. SricmMaA tapering to a point, white lentem villofum, jig. 4, 5, 6. i and downy when magnified, jig. 4 5 6 PERICARPIUM nullum. ¥ SEED-VESSEL none, ny SEMEN unicum, oblongum, nudum, fuboffeum, intus ¥ SEED fingle, oblong, naked, hard, white within, and album, medio fufcum, membrana feu arillo Y in the center brown, covered with a thin dena tenui obtectum, jig. 7, 8, 9. Y brane or arillus, jig. 7, 95 Qs Greater fimplicity in the conftruction of a flower can fcarcely exift than in the Hippuris, Here we have neither calyx, corolla, nor feed-veflel ; and thofe parts which are univerfally contidered as eflential to the fructification are in the prefent inftance as few as poffible, there being only one ftamen, with its correfponding piftillum yet orfect - feed, and that in confiderable quantity, 1s produced. : P The Hippuris here deferibed, which takes its name from the Greek *Izyz2uc, five Cauda equina, is not the urs of the firft Botanifts. They applied the term to our Egurfetum, the Hippuris of Lixw avs is the Polygonum inne of Drosconi:DEs, and arranged by his commentator Marruio.us with our Polygonum aviculare and Herniaria Succeeding Botanifts imagining, from the growth of its leaves, or from its producing feed, that it had TH pretenfions to be ranked with the Eguifetum, abturdly enough called it Cauda equina femina, to which Mr. Hupson could not well avoid giving the Englifh name of Mares-727/. : Although common in many parts of Great Britain, this plant is very rare about London, Mr. Hupson mentipns it as growing in a part of the New River near Hornfey, where it may ftill be found. It flowers and produces its feeds from June to Auguft. In running ftreams it is frequently extended to a great length; and we have been informed, that in fome rivers it is an exceedingly troublefome weed, which we can the more readily believe, having experienced its roots t» be of the moft powertully creeping kind. HIM A traniverfe fection of its ftalk is a beautiful microfcopic object. ‘On examining this plant we have fometimes found its flowers to be female only. * nerit eodeni pei ik etin ay ih iid mse i dla aS Aa eal a Ek NUIT EL... : n Yowitellpitasy. a t. : Beetle ey: ie 26 Ea NOn Dung s MOD yd bile nel CA * j ud adiu, Ton DI um S e : vM NW WE i 220 sae OVACIL’ oM... fe pon V) VERONICA MONTANA. MOUNTAIN SPEEDWELL. VERONICA Lin. Gen. Pl, Ditanpria Monocynta. Cor. Limbo 4 partito, lacinià infimà anguftiore. Capfula bilocularis. Raii Syn. Gen. 18. HERBH FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI FLORE MONOPET ALO. VERONICA montana racemis lateralibus paucifloris, calycibus hirfutis, foliis ovatis rugofis crenatis petiolatis, caule debili. Lim. Sy/t. Pegetab. Sp. Pl. p. 56. VERONICA caule procumbente, folis hirfutis, cordatis, retufis, racemis paucifloris, Haller. bif. n. $39. CHAMJEDRYI fpuriz affinis rotundifolia fcutellata; Baub. pin. 249. ALYSSON Diofcoridis montanum. Col. Ecpb. 1. 286. VERONICA Chamzdryoides, foliis pediculis oblongis infidentibus, Raz Syn. p. 281. Wild Ger- mander with Leaves ftanding on long Foot-ftalks, Lightfoot FI. Scot. p. 6. Hudjon. Fl, Angl. ed. 2. p. 74. RADIX perennis, fibrofa, fibrillis praelongis, fufcis. i ROOT d and fibrous, the fibres very long and rown. CAULES procumbentes, verfus bafin faepe radicantes, d STALKS procumbent, often taking root towards the teretes, pilis mollibus undique hirfuti, pur- H bafe, round, covered with foft hairs, and purafcentes. i purplifh. FOLIA oppofita, petiolata, ovato-cordata, obtufiufcula, ¥ LEAVES oppofite, ftanding on footítalks, ovato-cor- inequaliter ferrata, hirfutula, nitidula, fub- M date, 3 little blunt, unequally ferrated, tus purpurafcentia, parum concava et bullata. Y fhghtly hairy, fomewhat fhining, purplith : underneath, a little hollow and cockled. PETIOLI longitudine fere foliorem, birfutiffimi. 3 PORUM PUT the length of the leaves, and ! Y very hairy. "RACEMI laterales, alterni, fubinde oppofiti, tenues, d FLOWER-BRANCHES lateral, alternate, fometimes hirfuti, pauciflori. i oppofite, flender, hairy, fupporting few E flowers. PEDUNCULI alterni, hirfuti, bractaà lanceolata fuf- y FLOW ER-STALKS alternate, hairy, fupported by - ulti. Y a narrow floral-leaf. CALYX: PERnrANTHIUM tetraphyllum, foliolis fubze- 1 CALYX: a Pertanrutum compofed of four leaves, qualibus, ovatis, bafi anguftatis, hirfutis, Y which are nearly equal, ovate, narrowed at pilis ad lentem globuligeris. Wu x y the bafe, hairy, the hairs globular at the ex- Y tremity. when magnified. jig. 1. COROLLA monopetala, rotata, ex purpureo-cerulef- ¥ COROLLA monopetalous, wheel-fhaped, of a blueith cens, fupremá lacinià faturatius colorata, i purple colour, the uppermoft fegment more una cum lateralibus venis ceruleis picta, in- Y deeply coloured than the others, and together fimA minore immaculata, tuus breviflimus, E with the fide ones ftreakt with blue veins, albus. fig. 2. Y the lowermoft leaft without any veins, the Y tube very Íhort and white. f. 2. STAMINA: Firamenta duo, tubo corollz inferta, i STAMINA: two FiLAMENTSs, inferted into the tube bafi albida, curvata, medio craffiora ; ANTHE- Y of the corolla, whitifh at the bafe, bent, ne carulee ; Potten album. fig. 3. i thickeft in the middle; AmwrHERX blue; Y PoLLEN white. fig. 3. PISTILLUM: Germen obovatum, hirfutum ; Sry- Y PISTILLUM : Germen inverfely ovate, hairy; STvLE Lus fuperne fenfim incrafíatus; STIGMA i towards the top gradually thickened; Sric- capitatum, album. fig. 4. 5. Y MA forming afmall white head. fig. 4. 5. PERICARPIUM : CarsuLA magna, orbiculata, emar- : SEED-V ESSEL : a large, round, flat CAPsULE nicked ginata, compreffa. fig. 6. ; i at top. jig. 6. : SEMINA pauca, ovata, plana, flavefcentia. fr. 7. ^ * SEEDS few, ovate, flat and yellowifh. fg. 7. The Veronica montana is very fimilar in its general appearance to the Chamedrys, and of which, by fome au- thors, it has been confidered as only a variety ; but this has arifen from a very fuperficial enquiry, as no two plants can. be more diftün&; LiwwN4&us might indeed have fele&ed a fpecific character, which would effectually have removed every doubt of this kind, viz. the fhape and fize of the feed-veffels, thefe in the montana are at leaft thrice as large as thofe of the chamedrys, they are alfo much rounder and flatter, while the flowers on the contrary are not more than half as large, and much lefs fhowy ; when we have not thefe characters to affift us, the ftalk and leaves will in general be fufficient, in the chamedrys the hairs grow on two fides of the ítalk only, in the montana they grow all around it, in the chamedrys the leaves are generally feffile, in the montana they ftand on footftalks. ! | | Thefe two plants differ alfo in their places of growth, the montana, fo far as,I have obferved it, preferring moift and fhady fituations, whence the term montana feems ill-applied to it; near London, it is found plenti- fully in Charlton Wood, behind the Church, aud flowers in June and July. Ad RE p; Sus hos X ret see "4 E pa x I ducas RES ^UE "UA a x Tut Lo eg sd id LOH o i y d Lo ete t) aicion. snnt: pauemb 0 01 dnsonibenr. sire d ie * DON. ous [ dub eae Pr. : pio iid LE iei S ban TUN tec dar ? 5 iss dris sie bh iss BUT gncllg sts ve iy^ ^ ads ‘oats. Hn vptd bns. ib sno t9 dit fau 5 uwrols |o r: d botrveas HIN juod: doe ar ios cab. hti diei Eno inito Ao M Tail /3 EOS ne Fruor H Spl au cim do iaom 5 dt, ipi VALERIANA Diroirca. MansH VALERIAN. VALERIANA Linnai Gen. Plant. 'T'R14ND21A Monocvnia. Cal. o Cer. 1. petala, bafi hinc gibba, fupera. Sem. 1. VALERIANA dioica foribus triandris dioicis foliis pinnatis integerrimis. Lin. Sy. Vegetab. Sp. Pl. b. 44. FI, Suec. n. 35. VALERIANA folis radicalibus petiolatis ovatis; caulinis pinnatis, fexu diftin@ta. Haller. bif. 208. VALERIANA dioica. Scopoli Fl, Carn. n. 40. | | | VALERIANA palüftris mmot. Baubzn. 5. 164. VALERIANA minor Ger. eu. 1075. | VALERIANA fylveftris minor. Park. 122. Raii Sym. p. 200. Small wild Valerian, or Marfh Valerian. Hudjon. Y. Angl. ed, 2, p12. Lightfoot P. Scot. p. 85. —ÀMÀ— I| RADIX perennis, geniculata, repens, craflitie pennze co- ¥ ROOT perennial, jointed, creeping, the thicknefs of a racis, albida, rubore aliquando tincta, odore fub- Y crow-quill, white, fometimes tinged with red, aromatico valerianze fylveftris. having nearly the fame aromatic fmell as the | m. oP wild valerian. CAULIS pedalis aut fefquipedalis, erectus, fimplex, tetra- ySTALK a foot, or a foot and a half high, upright, un- gonus, ftriatus, léevis $ rami pauci, ftriati. E branched, four-cornered, ftriated and {mooth : branches, few and ftriated. FOLIA oppofita, radicalia integerrima, ovata, obtufa, cau- } LEAVES oppofite, the rádical ones entire, ovate, obtufe, 4444 lina pauca, ptnnatifida, pinnis duodecim circiter, y thofe of the ftalk few, pinnatifid, pinnz about venofis, obtufe ferratis. Y . twelve in number, veiny, and obtufely ferrated, FLORES fubcorymbofi, rubelli, dioici, femineis multo $ F LOWERS forming a kind of corymbus, of a pink co- minoribus. fig. 1, flor. femin. magn. nat. fig. 2. Y Jour, and dioicous, the female flowers much flor. mate. . : the frmalleft. fig. 1. a female flower of its na- 1 , tural fize. fig. 2. a male flower. BRACTEJ/E plurimz, lanceolate, floribus fubjecte. PDA dE numerous, lanceolate, placed beneath the Y lowers. Fros Femin. Y FemaLe Frowrh. CALYX vix ullus, margo fuperus. fig. 7. | ¥ CALYX fearce any, being only a prominent rim fur Y rounding the top of the germen. fig. 7. COROLLA monopetala, tubus a latere inferiore gibbus, i COROLLA monopetalous, the tube gibbous on the under nectariferus; /imbus quiquefidus, lacinus ob- Y fide, and containing honey; the limb divided tufis, fubzqualibus; antherarum rudimenta f into five fegments, which are blunt and nearly intra tubum cernantur. i equal; rudiments of Anthere are vifible within " i the tube. fig I» PISTILLUM : Geren inferum, ovatum, compreffum, ¢ PISTILLUM : GERMEN placed below the corolla, ovate, fulcatum, longitudine fere corolle; STYrLusY flat, grooved, nearly the length of the corolla albus, fuperne paulo incraffatus, corolla paulo y STYLE white, fomewhat thickened near the longior, obliquus; SriGMA trifidum. fig. 6, 7, Y top, a httle longer than the corolla, oblique $ E i i STIGMA trifid. fig, 6, 7, 8, 9. SEMEN ovato-oblongum, pallide fufcum, hinc carina- ¥ SEED of an ovate oblong fhape, and pale brown colour, tum, illinc trinerve, pappo pilofo coronatum. Y a fingle rib on one fide, and three on the other, (Gott, LAr Be Y crowned with a feathery down, fig. 11, 12, 13: Fios Mase. : | Mare FLowER. CALYX et corolla ficut in fem. fig. 2. Y CALYX and corolla the fame as in the female, fg. 2. STAMINA: FILAMENTA tria, filiformia, corolla lon- STAMINA: three Frramenrs filiform, longer than giora; ANTHER# alba; feu pallide rubentes, y the corolla ; ANTHERJE white, or pale red, jx. 5. Piftllum imperfectum in centro floris. Y Jig. s. an imperfect Pifüllum in the center of - J 19: 1 each flower. fig, 10. There are few plants in which nature {ports more than in the Valetians, even out of the four fpecies which we have growing wild with us, ove is monandrous, viz. the rura, and another dioicous as the prefent. | Thefe deficiencies in their claflical character are however the lefs to be lamented, as they furnifh excellent fpecific diftintions, The divica is found only iu wet and boggy fituations; in the meadows and ofier-grounds about Batterfea it grows abundantly ; its blofloms before they open are of a bright red colour, and being collected into {mall heads, are very confpicuous among the herbage in the month of April; in June and July it produces its downy feeds, which, for their beauty and fingular manner of expanding their pappus or down, are highly deferving the attention of the "The oe having a fimilar fmell, and probably the fame medicinal virtues, as the officinal Valerian, may be fub- fütuted in lieu thereof, if neceflary. y" | | What Scorort afferts of this plant is fo contrary to the common opinion of botanifts and our own obfervations, that we cannot forbear tranfcribing his own words; they will either prove that his obfervations are not to be depended upon, or that this plant puts on a very different appearance in Carniola than it does in the other parts of Europe. Nn Ae P Ws ! .— * Millena fpecimina examinavi et nunquam vidi flores dioicos, fed nunc omnes hermaphroditos, nunc filamento * uno aliove caítrató inftructos, nunc mafculos et femineos in eadem planta, ita tamen ut mafculi. flores con- *ctinerent rudimentum germinis et ftyli; fine feminibus vero perfectis nullam hactenus inveni plantam. bap Hipp iors UR AUR ie a 7 TUAM Wo du m $n TI POM QV LACE, GNE REG ad ane -— rape . my aDnquet orc i-e avt. sna sii wel Roses zd S oU ailtoortt $n sia la =" Hi. x $ xor e , qt i n) fact ^md 4 Foe COVE SF DHT VU LENSES SC asks 25 43 ad ro^ x dde e X et An : 3 ai cM aio GREG 87 2 GN supiutdul eon, V ag ppun Nes 2 E b. "TON dub e TW S y cde aly vine S5 0a DA aris Ul «5 ve ftuqu. don 1 40d cur tia cori iot ga hy ot Adi rant. nola cbs qut vd j - » Bieb x 1 bsbirsien 2 inu je si ds Us b. ; vlc Heron dtu ok My veo BAL,” depudiinsun worm: » : SerRPUS MARITIMUS. ROUND*ROOTED OR SEA CLUB*RUSH, SCIRPUS Lin. Gen. PL. TRIANDRIA MONGOGYNiA. | | Glume paleacex, undique imbritate, Cor. o. Se. i inberbe: Rai Sys. Gem. 298. HERB GRÁMINIFÓLIZ FLORE NON CULMIFERE IMPERPEÓTO SEU i $T AMINEÓ. SCIRPUS maritimus culrné triquetro, paniculà conglobata foliacea fpicularutn fquamis trifidis: inter media fubulata. Lin. Sy/t. Vegetab, p. 86. Sp. Pl p. 74. Fl. Suec. n. 47. SCIRPUS haritmus. Scopoli Fl. Carm ty. $7. | GRAMEN cyperdides panicula fparfa majus. —.Baubi pin. 6: GRAMEN cyperoides paluftre panicula fparfai Parkins, 1266. Raz Syn. p. 435. Water of Marth Cyperus Grafs, with a fparfed panicle. CYPERUS rotündus littoreus inodorus. Lod. rc. 77. rotundus inódorus Anglicus. C. B; Pin. 14; rotundus littoréus. Ger. emi: 31. Park. 1264. Ra Syn. p. 426: Round-rooted. Baftard Cyperus. Hudfon. Fl. Anglic. p. 21. Ligbtfoot Fl. Scot. p. 89. : xL zu de : - , ; E . y s M t : RADIX perennis, repens, craffitie calami fcriptorii, pal-¥ ROOT’ perennial, creeping, the thicknefs of a goofe- lide fufca, ftolonibus fub finem anni apice y quill, of a pale brown colour, the fhoots at the 2200 ., Bulbofis. TN. end of the year bulbous at their extreinities. CULMUS bi feu tripedalis, érectus, foliofus; triqueter, 3 STALK two or three feet high, upright, leafy; three- | . - angulis fubafperis, M cornered, the angles fomewhat rough. — FOLIA plürima, feptem five oto, pedalia aut fefqui- Y LEAVES numerous, feven or eight, a foot ora foot and pedalia, lineas duas lata, fenfim acuminata, ad $ a half in length, two lines in breadth, gra- carinam et oras vix afpera, bafi vaginata, va- Y dually tapering to a point, the keel and edges gina minutiflime ftriata, nitida, i ícarcely rough, forming a fheath at bottom, Nm ue » oR: _ which is ftriated and glofly, INVOLUCRUM!: folia plerumque duo, rariüs tiia in- YINVOLUCRUM confifts generally of two, rarely of eequalia, longa, ad oras et caririam afpera; y three leaves; ivhich are long, unequal and PK | H tough on the edges and keel. PANICULA terminalis, maxime varia, aliquando eiim $ PANICLE terminal, and extremely various, fometimes conftat fpiculis quinque vel fex conglobatis ¥ it confifts of only five or fix cluftered tpicule, fefilibus, fzepius vero preter has utrinque oritur y but for the moft part, befides thefe, a flower- pedunculus, tres quatuor vel quinque gerens t ftalk arifes on each fide, bearing three, four, {piculas. : or five fpiculze more. PEDUNCULI glabri, nudi ad fpiculas fubineraffati. iFLOWER-STALKS Ímooth, naked, fomewhat thick- M ^. | i ened at the fpicülie. © SPICULAL magne; unciales fere; ovate; acute, primo ySPICULZ large, altioft an inch in length, ovate, pointed, atro purpüreze, demum ferruginese, fquamis tn- Y at firft of a blackifh purple colour, afterwards dique imbricata. i | . ferruginous, covered with fcales on every fide. CALYX: Squame fulee, corrugate, fcariofz, carinate, ¥ CALYX : Scales brown, wrinkled, fonorous to the touch, apice fzepius tridentata, dente medio fabulato, ¢ keeled, having the tip generally furnifhed with in infimis flofcuhs longiore; fig. 1. 2. 2 three teeth, of which the middle one runs out i | to a long point, in the lowermoft floweré this ; Y is longeft. fg. 1. 2. COROLLA nulli. - ^» . ECOROLLA wanting —— ! STAMINA: FrirLAMENTA tra, alba; latiufculs. Am-y STAMINA: three FinaAments; white and broadifh. | THERZE, flava, lineares, membrana alba gue ANTHERJ yellow, linear, tipt with a minute nuta terminate. fig. 3. VET white membrarie. fig. 3. PISTILLUM: Grrmen obovatum, tiinimtm, gla-y PISTILLUM : Geren inverfely ovate, very fmall and brum. SrYvLvus fubulatus, longitudine ftami- Y Ímooth, STYLE tapering, the length of the num. STIGMATA tria, capillarias jig. 4: a ftamina, STIGMATA three, capillary. fig. 4. WILLA quatuor aut quinque, ad bafin germinis, albi, erecti YHAIRS four or five at the bafe of the germen, white; ad lettem retrorfum aculeati, ge:mim lon-j upright; when magnified having prickles whicli i giores. fig. 5. x crook backward, longer than the germen. fa. 8. SEMEN ünicum, fubtriquetrum, acuminatum, fufcum, $ SEED fingle, fomewhat three-cornered, pointed; browns nitidum, figs 6; t and fhining. jig. 6. Linn aus remarks; that this fpecies cloaths the fea-fhores as the Bulruffi does the botdets of the inland lakes + but it ts frequently found where the water is not falt, as in the river Thames, and on the edges of the creeks rünning from if. In the //le of Shepey it fills almoft every ditch, and appears to be more perfe&ly at home. It flowers from June to Auguft. | | | T.- The older Botanifts made feveral fpecies of this plant; which Linnaus has very properly referred to variétics Only. ‘Fhey did not attend to the ceconomy of the plant, or they would have found, that the roots, ui every variety; were bulbous at the extremities in the autumn, nor to the circumftances of fituation, &c. or they would- have feen this plant fometimies fhorter, fometimies taller, fometimes with a fimple, fometimes with a branched panicle as is reprefented on the plate. "m" EM) = i | | We know of no ufe to which this elegant fpecies of Club-rufh is applied. ‘Tie roots have a remarkably fweet tafte, and probably are very nutritious. wl "a | Swine are extremely fond of the roots of the Scirpus palufiris, which the Swedifh peafants collect and fodder therri with i the winter: the roots of the prefent fpecies; being much larger; would we conceive be much preferable for this or fimilar purpofes.. BCFA pos put E MAMA ad 3 Te, z. — — 46: $9 & v - —ÉU— — HU by: H lrea M 12 ; B ES i qeeanu , dci "qu hz ; osi bag: deme Sain dos E: LY. OY arias. cer: que á' e "t. devo pa. : : E wee ew donor | MN xiv. , (NAE E And oe) a » Tu D Y t E ld en tye. " M ns sene Iw. bap wars - ree | in dud Ts E wt | | SEMEN : fx on Ó nd ari feodi rae ue ydo i nist 6 o os ihr Sod shel. je Uu ied i "wb xj Beg, ie - "deed E Mes ^ " dus d Sli ie ad LE PANICUM VIRIDE. GREEN Panic Grass. PANICUM Lin. Gen. Pl. Trianpria DicyNia. Cal. 3-valvis: valvula tértia minima: Rail Syn. Gen. 27. HERBA GRAMINIFOLIA FLORE IMPERTECTO CULMIFER A. PANICUM viride fptca tereti, involucellis bifloris fafciculato-pilofis, feminibus nervofis. Lim. Sy. Vegetàb. p. 502, Sp. Pl. p. 83. PANICUM {pica unica, flofculis feffilibus folitariis, fetis numerofis. —Ha/ler. Hif. n. 542. GRAMEN paniceum fpica fimplici: Baub. Pin. 8. GRAMEN panici effigie fpica fimplici. Ger. emac. 175 GRAMEN paniceum {pica fimplici Levi. Rai Sym. p. 393. Panic-Grafs, with a fingle fmóoth ear; Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 24. RADIX annua, fibrofa. YROOT annual, and fibrous. CULMI ere&ti, pedales et ultra, fimplices, fubinde STALKS upright, a foot high or more, fimple, now and ramofi, quatuor aut quinque geniculis diftinéti, Y then branched, furnifhed with four or five laeves. * joints, and ímooth. FOLIA palmaria et ultra, lineas duas, tres, quatuorve $ LEAVES about a hand's breadth or more in length, two quandoque lata, acuminata, levia, ad mar- $ or three lines, and fometimes more, in breadth; gines afpera, in apricis fzepe fanguinea; folio- y pointed, fmooth, rough on the edges, ‘in open tum Vagina ftriata, levis, ad internam folio- ¥ fituations often of a blood-red colour: Sheath rum bafin, loco membranule in pilos fubti- y of the leaves ftriated, fmooth, terminated at liffimos lineam dimidiam aut paulo plus longos Y the inner bafe of the leaf, inftead of a mem- terminate, qui pili etiam quandoque vagine y brane, by very fine hairs, about half a line or margines fupremas ipfique foliorum bafi proxi- Y fomewhat more in length, which fometimes alfo occupy the edges of the fheath on its upper |. part, and of the leaves at their bafe. SPICA fimplex, teres, cylindracea, uncialis, fefqui- SPIKE fimple, round, cylindrical, an inch, an inch uncialis et ultra, craflitie pennze anferinze ma- and a half or more in length, the thick- jors, aliquando tota fpadicea vel atro-pur- nefs of a large goofe quill, fometimes wholly purea, alias ex viridi lutefcens, luteis pilis, ali- of a reddifh purple colour, at others greenifh quando rubris donata, denfe coagmentatis con- yellow, furnifhed with yellowifh, and fome- ftans {piculis, rmolhufcula, veftibus equa- times reddifh hairs, compofed of fpicülze clofely quam adherens; fetz feu pili plurimi, ere&u, compacted, foft to the touch, never adhering tortuofi, flofculis triplo longiores, ad lentem to garments; fete or hairs numerous, upright; aculeati, aculeis erectis. fig. 1. 2. crooked, thrice the length of the flofcules, when magnified furnifhed with {mall prickles, which are upright. fg. 1; 2. mas occu pant. XS4E<< 44 ALAL AE ALA EARLE EAL EE M CALYX: Gluma uniflora, trvalvis, valvulis duabus f CALYX: a Glume of one flower, and three valves, two oppofitis, &equalibus, ovatis, obtufis, nervofis, Y of which are oppofite, equal, ovate; obtufe, jig. 4. tertia minima, inferne pofita. fig. 3. Y and ribbed, fig. 4. the third is very minute, i and placed below the others. ffe. 3. COROLLA: bivalvis, valvule ovate, concave, nitide, $ COROLLA compofed of two valves, which are ovate; fuübaquales. fig. 5. H hollow, fhining, and nearly equal. fg. 5. STAMINA: FiLAMENTA tri capillaria, brevifüma, y STAMINA : three capillary FrLAMENTS, very fhort,-a | corolam paulo excedentia. ANTHER#@ mi-Y little longer than the corolla. ANTHERA very nimee, pürpurez. fig. 6. . Y {mall, and purple. fig. 6. PISTILLUM: GERMEN ovatum. SrYLr duo, capil-Y PISTTLLUM : Germen ovate. SrYLES two; capil- -— ]ares, Srigmata plumofa, alba. fig. 7. y lary. Sricmara feathery and white. jig. 7. . SEMEN unicum, fubovatum, tectum, hinc convexum, y SEED fingle, fomewhat ovate, covered, convex, and obfolete nervofum, inde planiufculum. jg. 8. i faintly ribbed on one fide; on the other flattifh. i jig. 9. In a former part of this work we gave figures of the Panicum erü[zalh and fanguinale: we here prefent our readers with two more, being the whole of this genus growing near London. The viride is with us the moft common of the four; yet at a diftance from town it appears to have few habitats. Mr. Hupson particularizes Martha’s Chapel near Gaildford; Baterfea Fields is the only place where we find this, and the others, all of which flower about the fame period, viz. Augu/i and September. ! To correfpond with its name, the wide fhould be always of a green colour; but we often find its foliage red, and its {pikes reddifh-brown, and the verticillatum vice vería : we are not therefore to look for an infallible guide in its colour, but the {pike will always diftinguifh it from the verfrcidlatum. Between thefe two, indeed, there 1$.3 more fenfible difference to the touch than betwixt the Afopecurus pratenfis and Phleum pratenfe s the hairs in the {pike of the viride are much longer than thofe of the verticillatum, and though the microfcope diícovers them to be prickly, vid. fig. 1. 2. yet thele being upright difcover no manifeft roughneds. Agriculturally it may be confidered rather as a weed than an ufeful grais. Sparrows are remarkably fond of its feeds: the whole of this genus, when ctltivated in a garden, require to be protected from them. I d — -— QW S r & A | *- " 4 - L / f LI ss — ig crm ee ——— - - ES s » Tf - ] M | S A 2a d | 1 Q - NN - c : et 4 N oy t: | | * | E ; | ks 4 - L Fe ? : imis á 1 2 ;' "^. j : wa RC UU DE * T : s ÉT a + " . / it | x La . 7 e oa a - 5 " 3 - 4 4 - ; ' E " * i " ? A M MEME a JE. uu uS ee eee e SN -— iced: - »-— " £g LJ "V P E. ? - - oc "e A ca t. -— ANTE ERE A 1 is D LE à E 7 = NC S Uu (uS. ao N | | Se eu e ae c up E ee — —— — PANICUM vERTICILLATUM: RovucGH Panic Grass. PANICUM.. Lin. Gen. P/. Triaxpria Dreynta; Cal. trivalvis, valvula tertia minima. Raii Syn. Gen. 27. HEREXE GRAMINIFOLLE FLORE IMPERFECTO CULMITER JE PANICUM verticillatum {pica verticillata racemulis quaternis; involucellis unifloris bifetis, culmis diffüfis; | Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. p. 89. Sp. PI. p. 83. | | PANICUM fpica unica paniculata, fetis paucioribus, Haller. Hi. n. 1 543. GRAMEN paniceum fpica afpera. * Baub. Pin. p. 8. PANICUM vulgare fpica fimpliciet afpera. Inf. 515. Scdeuth. Jgroft 47. Rari Sym p. 394. Rough: eared Panic-Grafs. Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 22. 3 a is | Fig. 1. Racemula ramofa magn. nat. Du 1] "is of the fmall branched rácemi of its natural ach Fig. 2. Pars ejufdem auct. , Y Eis. 2. A part of the fame magnified. Fig. 3. Glume calycis act. iP 3. The glumes of the calyx magnified, Fig. 4. Corolla. y fig. 4. The Corolla. t Fig. 5. Stamina: Y Pig. 5. The Stamina. Fig. 6. Piftillum. iPg.6. DhePiülm: ———— 8 Fig. 7. Semen magn. nat: Y Fig. 7. The feed of its natural fize. Fig. 8. Idem auc. * Fig. 8. The fame magnified. The Panicum verticillatim ii its general habit agrees exactly with the viride, but in the fize and form of thé fpike, and the parts compofing it, it differs very materially : the whole plant is generally one-third larger than that of the viride; the {pike is larger, and much lefs compact; it is evidently cómpofed of little branches, which grow fomewhat in whirls, whenceits name. The fete or hairs of the {pike are confiderably fhorter than thofe of the viride, and differ from them particularly in being hooked; fo that the fpike drawn over the back of the hand or cuff of the coat adheres very {trongly ; and where íeveral {pikes grow near each other, they are very apt; from this caufe, to become entangled. | | m I found this plant growing laft year very fparingly in the Gardeners Grounds Baferfea Fields, with the viride, and flowering at the fame time. Mr. Ray defcribes it as having been found in a Turnip Field betwixt Putney and Roehampton, alío beyond the Neat-houfes by the Thames fide, going from the Horfe Ferry above Wefminjter to Chelfea. SCHEUCHZER remarks, that itis a troublefome weed in the gardens at Paris; - Hd ; n " tetisnol a E A ; i Wn vi dc. et c X uo d cT xp Emu um um ort 3 imo XE c9 45 E LH e- wot X c mE I op € Du ONT yee - qu 4 TE. ^t AA TTE. — 1 & i => : = ~ x" Iv es re J*-. ue d c d: >, ^ der cm os ie 1 wi Mrs AE. = n X pt at E T Eee ie etg ZR Tt ag Qj 9» 4 ay 2 12 s iei P] » T n d = —À Y s die Y EN Cw (co EC s À ET i. ea eo m 5 Ae, uo ct c = co vé D NT E X w A ELO K e. ade me ^ * . * mep- "e E i ey 4 te \ Vet fo Won, 3 e Ce UR E ae AR A e wem P at tir Senet aii LAG 1* Li dj 2 ] 2 1 "MS I en am eoe omm Peor S AUR o s — VE ° vA wd UE - er m e. E * ut ^ » yat . vs - L a ee yt E e E a — oe + * AME Lt. 1 * n ^ 2» wy on = ex wá. e LAM. £ ' e T" E s = > PEL " E Se r EX "Di. A et * i ess: 3 T PN : a i: Go : : i um "n H Ptr L$o- ^ i ia LI H e 3 s a ' —- - A - * E ^ * " , 5 T ; E l à d Ames 4T Sta ooa js ny (788 aT >) t d oi is lr dar ic oua oS. r t aor Fan’ D e "Ts H 4 be T wots orale "Hes. x go 2X Ey aream © pug d X? £505 " A. p 1! O% X 36 dae & ei betur wot odi : ny A T Le Es 4 D of ee yrs Ege! YS s vasi magis atatim ignc m 7 a aiiis A! RBIS 242. A CPCI Mz PANICUM SANGUINALE. Cock’s-FooT PANic“GRASS; PANICUM Lin. Gen Pl. Trianpria DiGvNr1À. - Cal. 3-valvis: valvula tertia minima. | PANICUM /anguinale {picis digitatis bafi interiore nodofis, flofculis geminis muticis, vaginis foliorum punctatis. Lin. Sy#. Vegetab. p. go. Sp. Pl. 84. DIGITARIA foliis fubhirfutis, caule debili, fpicis verticillatis. Haller Hi. n. 1526: DIGITARIA fanguinalis. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 72. GRAMEN da&ylon latiore folio. Bauhin Pin. 8. ISCH/EMON fylveftre latiore folio. Parkinf’ 1178. "cU ISCHAEMON vulgare. Ger. emac. 27. Cock’s-foot-grafs. Rez Sym. p. 399. Scheuch. Agroft. 101. Schreb. Agroft. t. 16. Hudfón Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 25. | RADIX annua, fibrofa, ¥ ROOT annual and fibrous. CULMI ex una radice plures, fpithamzi; pedales, fub- E STALKS feveral from one root, a fpan or a foot in rubentes, fubinde ramofi, adfcendentes, in- Y height, of a reddifh colour, fometimes branch: fracti, tenues valde et debiles, quatuor plerum- i ed, bending upward, crooked, very flendet que geniculis diftin&ti, : and weak, and generally furnifhed with four oints. FOLIA uncialia, fefquiuncialia, et biuncialia, lineas i LEAVES aninch, an inch and a half, or two inches duas aut duas cum dimidia lata, acuta, ad Y in length, and from two to two lines and a unum latus fzpe undulata, fuperne et inferne y half in breadth, pointed, often waved on one raris pilis hirfuta, marginibus ad lentem minu- $ fide, on both fides befet with a few hairs, the tiffime ferrulatis ; vagina ftriata, valde pilofa, $ edges when magnified very finely fawed ; the pilis e pun&is prominulis prodeuntibus. Y fheath ftriated, very hairy, the hairs proceed- 1 ing from little prominent points. SPICZE terne, quaternz, et quina plerumque, in cultis y SPIKES fitting on the top of the ftem, generally three, fzepe plures, digitatim fummo culmo infidentes, Y four or five together, often more in cultivated fefquiunciam ad quatuor uncias longz, fili- Y places, branching out like fingers, from one formes, vel eodem loco oriunde omnes, velt inch and a half to four inches in length, fili- alternatim e fummo culmo prodeuntes, et exi- form, all of them proceeding from the fame guo ab invicem fpatio difcrete, purpurez, aut $ point, or growing alternately, leaving a {mall eX purpureo et viridante mixte. {pace betwixt them, of a dark purple colour, or purple and green mixed together. SPICULAE fecunde, binz, rachi adpreffe, pedicellate, Y SPICULA growing one way, prefled to the rachis, tHE EEE pedicello altero longiore, longitudine fpicule, $ ftanding on foot-ftalks, the longeft of which ovato-lanceolate, acute, nunc purpurafcentes, Y is of the length of one of the fpicule, ovato- nunc virides. fig. 1, 2, 3, 4. aut. i lanceolate and pointed, fometimes purplifh, DDR and fometimes green. fig. 1, 2, 3, 4. magnified. CALYX trivalvis, perfiftens, infima minima, breviffima, ¥ CALYX compofed of three valves, and permanent, the nudo oculo vix confpicua, fig. 2. fecunda et Y lowermoft very minute and fhort, fcarcely per- tertia oppofitis, inzequalibus, acutis, nervofis, Y ceptible by the naked eye, fig. 2. the fecond margine {cabris, fuperiore longitudine corollae $ and third oppofite, unequal, pointed, rib'd, quam margine fuo ample&itur, inferiore dimi- Y rough on the edges, the upper one the length dio breviore. fig. 3, 4. of the corolla, which it enfolds with its mar- gin, the lower one half its length. fe. 3, 4. COROLLA : bivalvis, valvulis zequalibus, glabris, al- ¥ COROLLA: compofed of two valves which are equal terá alteram recipiente, fig. 8. ubi membra- and fmooth, the one receiving the other, fig. 8. nula ad bafin earum pingitur, fe. 6, 7. dif- 3 where a {mall membrane is painted at their jun&z apparent. baíe; at fig. 6. and 7. they appear disjoin'd. STAMINA: FILAMENTA tria, capillaria, corolla paulo ¥ STAMINA: three FinaMENTs, very flender, a little 4€ HEHEHE KE HEME SE longiora; ANTHERX breves, parve, purpuraf- { longer than the corolla; ANTHER# {mall, centes, utrinque bifurce. fig. 9. Y fhort, purplith, forked at each end. fig. 9. PISTILLUM: Germen oblongum; Srvr: duo, fili- Y PISTILLUM: Germen oblong ; SrvrEs two, fili-. formes, longitudine ftaminum; STIGMATA y liform, the length of the ftamina; SricMATA plumofa, purpurea. fig. ro. Y feather'd and purple. fig. 10. SEMEN minimum, oblongum glumis calycinis zque i SEED very fmall, oblong, inclofed by the glumes of ac corollaceis inclufum, fig. 11, 12. denuda- Y the calyx, as well as of the corolla, fg. 11, tum, fig. 13. magnit. nat. fig. 14, 15. auch. : 12. ftripped of thefe, fig. 13. of its natural $ fize, and magnified at fig. 14, 15. Modern Botanifts are divided in their opinions refpe&ing the genus of this plant, Linnmus, Scureser, and others confidering it as a Panicum; Apanson, HzisrER, HALLER and Scorori arranging it under a new genus, viz. Digitaria, a name adapted to the particular difpofition of its fpikes, but as that particular difpofition has little to do with its generic character, and as it has a triphyllous calyx, which Linnzus, with much propriety, confi- ders as a principal chara&er of the Panicum, we follow him in preference to the others, however refpectable. We may obferve, that the exterior leaf forming this triphyllous calyx is fo very minute, that it may eafily be overlooked. . The figures and defcriptions, quoted by Linnzus, induce us to confider this Ípecies as the /Zauguimale, rather than his fpecific defcription, which certainly does not well accord with our plant. The vagine punciate are not mentioned either by Harter, ScHEUCHZER, or Scoporr: the hairs certainly iffue from little prominent points, Ícarcely vifible, unlefs magnified. If Linnaeus means thefe, they are, in our apprehenfion, too minute to form a fpecific eharaéter on. According to the obfervations of botanic writers, this fpecies is very univerfal, being found not only in Europe, but dfia and America; neverthelefs, it is not general throughout England. Jt is faid to grow about Elden in Suffolk, at Witchingham near Norwich, near Martha’s Chapel by Guildford, and in the Gardener’s grounds near Batter/ea ; in the latter place I found it laft September, in great plenty; but in one part of the fields only, viz. among the French beans, and on the Afparagus beds, in the Weftern corner of the fields, at no great diftance from the Church. . Marrutotus relates, that in Carniola the feeds are colle&ed for food, but this is flatly contradicted by Scoror1; indeed, for this purpofe, it appears much inferior to many others of the fame genus, Its name of /anguinale is not taken from its colour, but from an idle trick which the bois in Germany have of pricking their noftrils with the fpicule of this grafs, till they draw blood. u eat. 3p. ; Aa bene Mecca a E! xat gla P CU eM EE semisinot Qa E alieaean ug Sues ae 48) bh g. eae (bai Eu pos ay 8 bds esu cows of dt dms im d j ipw duel | : aibisaih c | (2 ue ud bey em ipfo. boating: n vue aab fu sana: iiu E : sis em ant faite d iios 258190: m ’ I ue quia oL ba. adii yum ud js ài mi SAP a aR DONOEMMNEUT TNT i vv , 7 Meibipas CHO A TE "m hM: arate ft vil a eirefareor- onan. per Sod |n i vM: dixil : um candi aif tunities ee * pu pc ud 4i ; p j peni 1-5 5t aont. y he ed * oF ey nol ads 3o wot ‘add ao x T exi dt Bios. "n E risa: or n jon teup emt BA qm ; EE var ig cato. 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RU evi pulv dias, CO Rd 3 m» um m i a 10 A37 "d CUBE d? dra Wer PR ? <3 TUS: bigot E biu. ein " EE DU "8 Cs QI Y. : : | VL : : ig Wa o ocn st. eo lite M 3 di 16 buius QAUHT mh B. oir] phun XJ Nu ^ D Ay obit »tion b | quU NA SET au e i m j - d (1 b IR. a : , i P ‘ : E S - SE US rmt bios. atr y ARES cs ; Lo. ü LJ i E71. 3 M &i [ R3 ni j Ja. "Ho: Arad & c pd ce i | rd | S p " ; CUu X i | Vols uA. o fh ki - « B + EA codd b ge gu H e (3TE | E hd ] i 22 1 vd zi Ur "ATI E. E it t S T T: d " X ; ^ X £u 2^ ade re E a Y « : i 4 d E. & j AS Heroine debits 4 PL i i vob os ES Cab ideal Git deas in | Ve M5 Aat LUE * e " " ‘ K 5 : à r TT d J ux ; SERA d Y H ME. ras «t uim 14m X iz RESO , y xf % v ; ^ d des d j i d 3 : | | y AN at a, : 7 . « ? ! Ad y A SWR) xit 4 vi ; ee Tet ary : *| reo ya NS vik t 1 à; : E . 8 PUE SUR ao 3t o1 d , ; ; Jie n dia a Nee d & +* we E e Panicum Crus GALLI. Loosk Panic-GRass. PANICUM Lin. Gen. P/. Trranprra Dicynta. . Cal. 3-valvis: valvula tertia minima. PANICUM Crus galli {picis alternis conjugatifque, fpiculis fubdivifis, glumis ariftatis hifpidis, rachi quinquangulari, Lm. $y/f. Vegetab. p. go. Spec. Pl. p. 83. PANICUM fpica remota, fetis nullis. Haller Hif. n. 1544. PANICUM Crus gall. Scopoli Pl. Carn. n. 70. GRAMEN paniceum fpica divifa, Bauh. Pm. 8. GRAMEN paniceum, fpica divifa, ariftis longis armata. var. @. Baub. Pin. 8. PANICUM fylveftre Herbariorum. Parkinf. 1154. - PANICUM ulgare. Ger. emac. 85. Rati Syn. p. 394. Panick Grafs with a divided Spike. Hudfn . Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 24. RADIX annua, fibrofa. ¥ ROOT annual and fibrous, CAULES plerumque plures ex una radice, primo pfo- i STALKS generally feveral proceed from the fame root, cumbentes, feu obliqui, demum fubere&ti, pe- Y at firít procumbent or oblique, finally nearly dales aut bipedales, tribus aut quatuor geniculis upright, from one to two feet in height, fur- diftin&i. nifhed with three or four joints. FOLIA in humilioribus tres quatuorve uncias longa, Y LEAVES in the more humble plants three or four 46€ lineas duas aut tres lata, in procerioribus femi- i inches long, and from two to three lines in pedalia, vel etiam pedalia fere, lineas quatuor, Y breadth ; in the taller plants fix inches, or aliquando et fex femptemve lata, acuminata, i nearly a foot in length, four lines, and fome- carinata, laevia, marginibus minutiffime denti- ¥ times fix or feven broad, tapering to a point, . culatis et ad bafin circa orem vagine pilofis ; i keeled, fmooth, the edges very finely toothed, Membrana nulla; Vagina magna, ftriata, com- $ and about the mouth of the fheath hairy; prefia. j Membrane none; Sheath large, ftriated and t compreffed. FLORES paniculati. s FLOWERS in a panicle. PANICULA palmaris, et ultra, e pluribus fpicis compo- 3 PANICLE a hand's breadth or more in length, of a fita, pallide virefcens. [Y pale green colour, compofed of many fpikes. SPICE fape ad duodecim, craffe, teretiufculz, ple- $ SPIKES often twelve in number, thick, roundifh, ge- rumque fimplices et alternz, etiam ramofe et op- t nerally fimple and alternate, fometimes alfo pofite, inferioribus fefquiuncialibus, magifque i branched and oppofite, the lowermoft an inch remotis. i aud a half in length, longer and farther afun- Y der than any of the reft. RACHIS quinquangularis, angulo quinto obfoleto, ad $ RACHIS having five angles, the fifth lefs perceptible bafin fpicarum fetofa. than the others, briftly or hairy at the bafe of the fpikes. FLOWERS growing one way and turgid. CALYX compofed of three valves, the lowermoft or third valve very fmall, receiving the flofcule, jig. 1. the firft and fecond equal, rib'd, pointed, hirfute, the one flat, the other gibbous. fg. 2, | 3. magnified. COROLLA bivalvis, valvulis zqualibus, glabris, ova- ¥ COROLLA compofed of two valves, the valves equal, tis, alterá alteram margine {ua: amplectente, fmooth, ovate, the one with its margin em- fig. 4. intra valvulam calycis et corolla, mem- bracing the other, fig. 4. betwixt the valve of brana tenuis, nunc acuta, nunc emarginata. the calyx and the corolla a thin membrane is fie. OR obfervable, which is fometimes notched, and Y fometimes pointed. jig. 5, 6. STAMINA: FirAMENTA tria, capillaria, breviffima ; ¥ STAMINA: three very flender and fhort FinaMENTs ; ANTHER# bifurce, purpurafcentes. fig. 7. ¥ AnTHERZ forked and purplith. fg. 7. | PISTILLUM: GERMEN fubrotundum; Srvr:r duo bre- y PISTILLUM : GeRwzN roundifh; STYLES two, very FLORES fecundi, turgidi. CALYX trivalvis, valvula inferiore minore, flofculum recipiente, fig. 1. prima et fecundá aequalibus, nervofis, mucronatis, hirfutis, altera plana, altera gibbofa. jig. 2, 3. auc. 4€ «€ 44€ 46-4446 44464€ €4€4€4€4€464€ vifimi; SriGMATA plumofa, purpurafcentia. y fhort; SriGMATA feathered and purplith. fig. 8. ; t ig. 9. a SEMEN majufculum, nitidum, glumis corollaceis tec- ¥ SEED rather large, fhining, covered by the valves of tum, hinc convexum, inde planum, jig. 9, ro. i the corolla, round on one fide, and flat on the denudatum, fig. 11, 12, 13. Y other, fig. 9, 10. taken from its covering. : figs 11, 12, 13. ! | Near the fame fpot where the Panicum fanguinale is found, this rare fpecies alfo makes its appearance, a {pace of about twenty yards fquare was laft autumn covered chiefly with this grafs, and the Panicum viride; in other parts of the fields it more rarely occurs; being an annual it may vary its particular place of growth, but by a diligent fearch will probably always be found in fome part of Batterfea Fields; Mr. Ray mentions it as having been found ^ between Deptford and Greenwich in Garden Ground, alfo in a lane by the Neat-houfe Gardens Chelfea, and by the rivulet fide near Petersfield, Hampjbire. He is furely miftaken in faying aquofis delectatur. Mr. Hupson defcribes it as growing near Martha’s Chapel, Guildford. T Botanifts make two principal varieties of it, viz. one with awns, and another without ; the latter, which is the ftate in which we have figured it, moft frequently occurs; it varies alfo in its colour, being fometimes found with {pikes of a purplifh hue. fam It has a very great affinity to the Panicum Crus corvi, a foreign grafs, but 1s too fingular to be miftaken for any Englifh Panic. : M Affording a large quantity of feeds of confiderable magnitude, it is fought for with great avidity by fparrows and other {mall birds. 244 ' NS SS DEC z e n H Gili a ( C0770 Ge COS CLC 7 PS PE- IPM, id NEU Ui, Sa DN BR, ^ e en Su “a ae ou hen a quendi e C mse hy abana pila ts VOR SZ RTI S PPS 4 : 7 : ae: s HR 3 HEURE V Be tor m à eli mie i Re Rcs T dog ^ i ? s 1 ape wend. ses a 4 y&i 5. h 2 ile hop GMAT Pi | : taped iovoragst aster: sity it A ; 4 Er RE dé IE MERE tai v red + Sdiationths Pein Tei. Ao’ E dd sd ¥ rods > ages ^ bi Im : E ne 5: peu ; Mest i Vat dd ^D: irat 3o um r aks all alti? "Og ga. rm Me «ise (Oc 22m : 3 P. oh : t : ‘ 4 L x ey b ! | d ish Bibnid! t. es , dol 51981 1 : i »- ay 5 n | ; [ T Nus i i * + 2 [45 ; 1 ? H yr dtt r t *- » ) ee : " » (i f. DILLO ERIS if CM Pb uh V ef i ae ta | cine ioe es bs ion P2 " i ; LP T . Se, alah does Jem udis usu ATH eIMETEICES i c » - i Dr " 1 * . 4 * 1 VT ' bili * "yd ^om » 3321334 AULA : o de AT 2 d: qr ; gy : t Y 2 «2 M. grotde feat: ina ds 4 | Y 1 3 ; ‘ nudum a See "T i i ; : pe t tel [ inizi EX urs PN ee L H a Lh | id be. 3 Dou mo c * EA + : : ^ | "Ta ; / SL E : E i »- E. T inulos MOMTR ER BRAS - t "UR d E , * B T alas ies SPP UEREGD :: DEN 3 ; T | Eu E d in ap D TOI BOE s RRREMER arro ED ¥ ; oq : v ^ n : he \ em "n À <* us E j hs: st den "ET ers VEA MUR So WR UE Lh» sd. « equat a NOST p coa Pas DS. * Dri ys n 1 ne MEIN p e PRI ren FOE ised”, it ie + u^. 2 i dae s. DUE Tex * aa a : T aay (dir n 9 ee Ln ge ; E. | j debi sco Dr NAR a. o See LANI eR . TM uL» IK EIE o at ni [os LE son pre % Eriophorum polyftachion. Many-Headed Cotton -Grafs. ERIOPHORUM Lin. Gen. Pj. TRIANDRIA MoNnoGynIA. | ; Glume paleacee, "undique imbricate. Cor.o, Sem. 1. Land longiffimà cinctum. eo 1 , Rai. Syn Gen. 23. HnBE GRAMINIFOLIZ NON CULMIFERJE FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO. ERIOPHORUM folyflacbion culmis teretibus, folis planis, fpicis pedunculatis. Lin. 8yf. Pegetab. p. 87. E Sp. Pl. p. 76. Fil. Suec. n. 49- ERIOPHORUM foiiis planis, fpicis pendulis. Haller. bif. n. 1331. LINAGROSTIS polyfachia. Scopeli. FI. Carn. n. 66. GRAMEN pratenfe tomentofum paniculafparfa. C. B. Pm, 4. GRAMEN tomentarium. Ger. emac. 29. » GRAMEN junceum lanatum, vel juneus bombycinus vulgaris. Park. 1271. Scheuxch. Agrofl. ed. Haller. p. 306. Vaill. Bot. Paris. t. 16. £. 1.2. Rar Sys. p. 433- Cotton-grafs. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 89. Hudjon Fl. Angl. ed. p. 21. RADIX perennis, repens, fufca, feu caftanei coloris, ¥ ROOT perennial, creeping, of a brown or chefnut fibrillis plurimis albis, aut rubentibus in- H colour, furnifhed with numerous white or ftructa. Y reddifh fibres. CULMUS fepius folitarius, dodrantalis, feu pedalis, et i STALK for the moft part folitary, from nine inches ultra, erectus, teres, levis, geniculis duobus y to a foot or more in height, upright, round, parum extantibus plerumque notatus, va- Y Ímooth, for the moft part furnifhed with two ginis foliorum per totam longitudinem tectus. : | joints which project a little, covered through- Y out its whole length with the fheaths of the Y leaves. FOLIA ima marcida, caftaáea, brevia, lanceolata, fti- $ LEAVES sext the root withered, of a chefnut colour, ato-reticulata; fuferiora bafi fua ar&té culmum Y fhort, lanceolate, ftriated, and marked with amplec&tentia, lineas duas ad tres lata, {pitha- H fhort tranfverfe lines, which give them a re- ma et ultra, fenfim attenuata, faepe prz- Y ticulated appearance, the fucceeding leaves, at morfa, hind convexa, inde concava, glabra; i their bafe clofely embracing the ftalk, from fuprema planiora, multo breviora, et mani- y two to three lines in breadth, about feven in- fefte carinata; vagine foliorum culmi, equali * ches or more in length, gradually tapering ubique fere magnitudine, ubi folium exit paulo : to the extremity, where they are often bit off, laxiores, et fiflurA membrana impleta notate. ¥ convex on one fide, concave on the other, and : fmooth, the wéfermofi leaves fiatter, much Y fhorter, and manifeftly keeled; /heaths of the ¥ leaves nearly of an equal thicknefs through- : out, where a leaf goes off more loofely con- i nected, and marked with a fiffure filled by a r membrane. BRACTEAZE tres aut quatuor, longitudine inzquales, $ FLORAL-LEAVES three or four of unequal lengths, bafi vaginantes, culmurn terminant, equarum ¥ forming fheaths at bottom terminate the finubus {picule prodeunt. : ftalk, trom the ale of which the fpiculz pro- Y ceed. SPICUL plerumque plures a duabus ad feptem, ova- s SPICUL for the moft part feveral, from two to feven, tz, immature erect, per etatem pendula. — y ovate, firft upright, afterwards pendulous. CALYX: fpica undique imbricata: fquamis ovato ob- Y CALYX: a jpike covered on all fides with imbricated longis, plano-inflexis, membranaceis, laxis, íquamz, of an ovate-oblong fhape, flat and acuminatis, flores diftinguentibus. jig. 1. X bent ina little, membranous, loofe, running j out to a long point, diftinguifhing the flowers. Y Wig. I. COROLLA nulla. . i COROLLA wanting. STAMINA: FILAMENTA tria, capillaria ; ANTHERJE i STAMINA: three FiLAMEN TS very fine; ANTHERE ereCte, oblonge. jig. 2. Y upright and oblong. fig. 2. PISTILLUM: Germen minimum; Strytus filifor- * PISTILLUM » Germen very {mall; Srvrs thread- mis, longitudine íquam:e calycis; STIGMATA : fhaped, the length of the ícales of the ca- tria, ftylo longiora, reflexa. [te oe Y lyx; ST1GMATA three, longer than the ftyle, $ turned back. jig. 3. PERICARPIUM nullum. y SEED-VESSEL none. SEMEN triquetrum, acuminatum, nigrum, villis fpicà i SEED three-cornered, pointed, black, furnifhed with longioribus inftru&tum. jig. 4. 5. 6. 7. M hairs which are longer than the fpike. fig. 4. 5. 6. 7. The Genus Eriophorum is in a particular manner diftinguifhed from the other genera related to it, by the length of the hairs which envelope the feed; and which, when the feed is ripe, aflume the appearance of cotton, whence its name of Cotton-grafs, this cotton is much longer, and produced in greater quantities in the polyfachion, than in the vaginatum; and in Germany, and the more northern countries, has been manufactured into various articles of drefs, paper, and wicks for candles. Linnaus, in his Flora lapponica, informs us, that in fome parts of Sweden, the peafants ftuff their pillows with it inftead of feathers, but that in Lapland, where the plant is fufficiently plentiful, they do not apply it to any fuch purpofe, the fkin of the Rein-deer forming the whole of their bed and its furniture, In the fpring? Cattle appear to be very fond of its leaves, as they are generally found cropt, this may-arife from : the fcarcity of herbage at that feafon of the year, as the plant advances the ftems are always lef: untouched; it is in moors and boggy ground only that this plant is found, and in fuch fituations it is very plentiful; whole acres being often rendered white as fnow by it in the months of June and July when in feed. It lowers in April and May, and may be found in Batterfea meadows. "2 a T EP | bo sac lion : "d É Lee e NC ———=— Et. x E REARS oue FOIE Kent REEL petet wn , n WM ! ky | ) v Wy " J, NA" Wy ee NC AL e . f 2 Pu optant / / vagenacum- 7 mos : ! | - Enophorum vaginatum.. Single-headed Cottor-Grafs. cp mdi x TX e . e ] s : ERIOPHORUM Li. Gen. Pl, ‘Trranpria Monocynia. Glume paleacesm, undique imbricate. Cor. o. Sem. 1. Land longiffimà cin&um. Rai Syn. Gen. 28. HERBH GRAMINIFOLIE NON CULMIFERJE FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO. ERIOPHORUM vaginatum culmis vaginatis teretibus, fpica {cariofa. Lin, Syft. Vegetab. p. 87. Sp, Pi pe q67 Blo Sees nuso. ERIOPHORUM caule tereti, foliis caulinis vaginalibus, fpica erecta, ovata. Haller. bif. 9. 1332. J LINAGROSTIS vaginata, Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 66. JUNCUS alpinus, capitulo lanuginofo, feu fchznolaguros. Bauh. pin. 12. Scheuzch Agroft. P. 302. t. 7, JUNCUS alpinus cum cauda leporina, Bau. Diff. 2. 514. GRAMEN juncoides lanatum alterum danicum. Parkins. 1271. Raii Syn. p. 436. Hares-tail ruth. | Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. go. Hudjon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 22. The Eriophorum vaginatum is with us a much fcarcer plant than the folyfachion, but in fome parts of Great Britain, and in other Countries, is equally common. In its generic chara&ers, excepting the fhortnefs of its Pappus, it agrees with the fo/yflachion ; it has there- fore the fame figures of reference to them; in its {pecific characters, it differs very obvioufly, its root is not creeping but more matted, and its leaves, which are much finer, are confequently more apt to grow in tufts; the vagina of the upper ftem-leaf in particular is remarkably inflated, and it never produces more than one -fpike, which is upright. It is found in fimilar fituations to the other: on the boggy parts of Shirley Common, near Croydon, I have found it in tolerable plenty; it flowers fomewhat earlier than the polyftachion, but produces its pappus about the fame time. ; Sheep are very fond of it, whence in Weftmoreland they call it Mofs-crops. Ra. Syn. p. 436. jen LN us gren diu iter gd Fd or Pt a Y ERES di uS jT ; WE Tae NEXT le Berane Loo Y ru ! ; xv V E mut 4 pees T : sets sions A ape a ^ x j Ue TE e Kies e i 2 ED "epe oer n ; 2959 bie | CIS QE UNUM 11S 1 2 pne ra ] minus IA. EM ^ TE ERR M j a du ye c A ede Pa py duco y s INDUIT poA pops ie ORAE n gv *15«2t9tt buo 0guTAVV. nU BE Y 15v yum quada: ? Ig = BAN ^ ce P aas Pate a a ecm. Ap e PIE RW a isa "1 Lnd E pu lis sb don Si d jamoq 1 TODS 1! Hu B : | 30$owr mon dus vibes E. BA Ta $ quit ua "er : | : og dais qaad s fun RM Nripeb Ns TED opssdn f 3 iib re bist ererob | ; TE mtu EET RRR ARR iar 'ógset; aes fn Mio oe RPE UO mero vni AMET HI p med ui 803515153 E. ncstsdira. cam Ma A BRUN eee A WA JWhobod. Sd 15 2000. 7 os 7 * yee eU LIEN. Rel ed jer uid yum 15715 50 bs. ho 4] ony ENS A ini. qfge : r t M t] ; ety AM ithe, " e : Y h 7 Ls : id Inu Fut. di ne "4 4 eit di n sh 1 s x rea ahh i e : t ; ' Neelod iot d évad Pee: MM | dibs wee H T i e: ; Tm dio n "iiis "nam. E dex rar heyyy vy x. bise: 25 UM uj id a a a Aine xt yi ih sedo. bailey Aen, mild! > | ta woo isbusdo sa lisa 1 abana EE, $03 jaeuetue NU aroha dn * M d ; D M LX Ol [: s d f wept. ke vod. d 5 n Qo. 1 | Ms. PME ATO ae. donis e 5 Unrtor Hii $ .2015Jn niet Eos And D ate AQUI. P. u& OG ab: dew: bs oth eos initia i | Mdb Bi bilis erige d ition. s E / i aie. 4 Tisidw eros? o3 av E002 UU PD ME. - \ " (cos Mot edt abere basing ony) i weve hie YAY ne i Le bar ^ ' * "n d itsgud ge 3 NES üo- oie e 3o: Pe hoa: qi TA M HN . r : ‘ pi: 1 4 ^ | | hog fé Ln ioe bre’ ae Ty i easels s nMmypr ; ah " nes IDE ‘beso YN one: 3s scat | ene teni D A id net, n i jl 13 COEM wt a es; ?r i i i| TA again, pui Ae lacy X St ahs) PUTET. V's Sama DE ake cg See etalon Bini vendi: i EN CN s ey / i A ; CN 1 d PU , bd. ts) " n" ' , 5 ) ds EVE a : j | " ^ 1 ^ att TF Ulisd [n 4 + JN ig Y n * E EU x x i) ny » 4 Tuv LP eed DNA 4 (px M qut e ME, ^ qu Ad 51171 "ind . e : E n Nat anpra ri Ty; t 1 odes! bile Eo cose asy ze Ie. ose : i 3 d Ado: | rt PUE No! j i XE RE E d ^ [ KE out 2th. cet t uteyo vt NT TA Werribee MEIST TPIM (ga pe bib ts Y va à mde veis eames 6 RET? dee par AP MEAE o 1x1 20 XD ^t mod i vite Nuts rfi: J A ^ "en ccv ODE eoe ead ru NE RTI) s "d T" "r Afta | i Ae oa Rated 9 ; A ne. d Dun "Sai aid AES (crus. WE EIER S Dati eae RON / ‘ | BL RGR DEE Dink «coge: ^n iun E ? eM TREE SEA eae lee gh atc, dus pup CB i hey vivid gn | M 3 ? d UR Ph ig. m. RU bee] Nee: E ; r ^ j 5 ‘ ERI 1 : 1 3. ate etis (AF T. 74. M CUN. , a 4 a i [da hs 4 Mee M d Fel i jr i » | T M j à ne ros , » } 3 1 a © ino; TR quls. ava oils as nx del: ; i ! ET TR ERE OE DAE AS 2A Ie: ‘ a ia (y NL d iig bay: @vlies 3g EI Eoi ae A LR : we j i i hA : VE dme IX MON I unm : TM A2 T. s ; T "Td uS uA Jh T s ; Bia ey i hn A 4 í 4 ogee > 4 [9b ; er 4 a qoi. lira e bin. "ul Ws : - , f j ] r i pry n DUM RIS Ve SS oT P 1 A. P velie awe vw dbvat i i eu ex». Horncus Lanatus. | MEgADow Sort-crass. HOLCUS Lin. Gen. P]. Potycamta Monorcra. Hermapurop. Cal Gluma 1 five 2 flora. Cor. Gluma ariftata, S/am. 3. Styli 2. Sem. 1. Masc. Cai, Gluma 2-valvis. Cor. o. Siam. 3. Raij Syn. Gen. 25. HERBA GRAMINIFOLÍJX FLORE IMPERFECTO CULMIFER A, HOLCUS J/azatus glumis bifloris villofis: flofculo hermaphrodito mutico ; mafculo ariftarecurva. Lin. Swf. Vegetad, p. 760. Sp. Pl. 1485. Fl. Suec. n. 917. AVENA diantha, floribus ovatis; perfecto mutico, imperfe&o ariftato. Haller. bif. n. 1484. HOLGCUS danaius.. Scopoli Fi. Carn. n. 1238. GRAMEN pratenfe paniculatum molle. aub. pin, 2. GRAMEN miliaceum pratenfe molle, Pet. Conc. Gr. 224. Raii Syn. p. 404. Soft-tufted Meadows Graís. Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 440. Lightfoot, Fl. Scot. p. 631. RADIX perennis, fibrofa, minime repens, Y ROOT perennial, fibrous, not at all creeping. CULMI plures, bipedales, feu tripedales, raro ultra, 3 STALKS feveral, from two to three feet high, feldom *re&t, quatuor communiter geniculis diftin&i, Y higher, upright, generally furnifhed with four pubefcentes, teretes, in quibufdam locis adl joints, downy, round, in fome fituation taking bafin radicantes. Y root at the bottom. FOLIA pilis mollibus undique veftita, incana, tres lineas ¥ LEAVES covered on every part with foft hairs, which lata, plana, fuperne ftriata, inferne carinata ; ¥ give them a greyifh appearance, about three vagina lineis purpureis externe notata, interne Y lines in breadth, flat, above ftriated, below nitida ; membrana obtufa, externe pilofa, pilif- ¢ keeled, the /heath marked externally with pur- que ciliata. : ple lines, internally fhining; the membrane Y . blunt, externally hairy, and edged with hairs. PANICULA primo fpiciformis, mollis, laxus, rubellus, Y PANICLE at firft forms a kind of foft, loofe, reddith parum nutans, dein ere&a, diffufa, albida. i Ípike, which droops a little, afterwards be- Y comes upright, Ípreading and whitith. SPICUL biflorz, albidae, villofule, verfus apicem co- Í SPICUL containing two flowers; whitifh, fomewhat loratze. $ .. villous, coloured towards the top. | CALYX: Gluma bivalvis, valvula exteriore majore, tri- Y CALYX: a G/ume of two valves, the outer one largeft, nerve, interlore mucronata, minore carinata. having three ribs, and terminating in a point, fig. 1.: auct. | Y the inner one fmaller and keeled. jg. 1. : i magnif. FLOS FERTILIS. Y FERTILE FLOWER. COROLLA bivalvis, valvule tenere, virides, nitide, 3 COROLLA compofed of two valves which are tender, mutice, valvulà exteriore majore. jig. 2. i green, fhining, and pointlefs, the outer valve i largeft. fig. 2. STAMINA: FiLtAMENTA tria, capillaria; AmTHERÀE Y STAMINA: three capillary Firaments; ANTHERE oblonge, bifurcate, flavae. jig. 5. Y oblong, forked at each end, of a yellow colour. Y Jig. 5. 4 PISTILLUM: Germen obovatum ; Sryxi duo, ad ba- Y PISTILLUM : GznMEN inverfely ovate; SrvrEs two, fin ufque ramofi, fig. 6. T branched quite down to tbe bottom. fig. 6. SEMEN parvum, acuminatum, nitidum glumis coroll y SEED {mall, pointed, and fhining, covered by the tectum. fig. 9. et valvulis calycis inclufum. ¥ glumes of the corolla, fg. 9. and inclofed in the Jig. 8. A. i valves of the calyx. jig. 8. FLOS STERILIS. Y BARREN FLOWER. COROLLA bivalvis, valvule minores, exteriore ariftata, * COROLLA compofed of two valves, the valves fmall, arifta e dorfo valvulze erumpente, longitudine $ the outer one bearded, the awn arifing from valvulze exterioris calycis. fig. 3, 4 Y the back of the valve, the length of the outer Y valves of the calyx. fig. 3, 4. STAMINA ut in fertili. fig, 5. ¥ STAMINA as in the fertile flowers. jig. 5. PISTILLUM : Germen ut in fertili, fed multo minus; YPISTILLUM : the Germen as in the fertile flower, but ^ Sryzi: duo, fubulati, fimplices. fig. 7. 3 muchleis; STrvYLEs two, tapering, and fimple. Jg. 7- : SEMEN minimum, abortivum. YSEED very minute and abortive. BM c ad yz E y E , - * LE; t | l d , J * 1 7 ' i ti , I *à " a ' a * Qu Don Ma 1 pi M Un. ‘ yog Buy NN "- z * E A^ Ne f Used YO roe 5^ , E LM et i fv y a e * a p ds yFh*AA* € Pe rte wu "1 IL LLLLZL *3 verde. : d M j ] i T Hbhboq h £28 AM t j ud x ur E * EM 2 MiLIUM EFFUSUM. MILLET GRASs. MILIUM im. Gen. Pl. Trranpria DIGYNIA. Cal 2-valvis, uniflorus: valvulis fubzqualibus. Corolla breviffima. Stigmate penicilliformia. Raii Syn. Gen. 27. HERBE GRAMINIFOLIJZ FLORE IMPERFECTO CULMIFER E. MILIUM efufum foribus paniculatis difperfis muticis. Lim. Sf. Veget. p. 94. Sp. Pl.p.go. FI. Suec. n. 61. MILIUM paniculis raris, longiffime petiolatis. Haller. Hf. 1525. GRAMEN fylvaticum, panicula miliacea fparfa. Baub. Pin. 8. GRAMEN miliaceum. Lod. icon. 3. Ger. emac.6. I. B. II. 462. GRAMEN milisceum vulgare. Park. 1153. Raii Syn. p.402. Millet-grafs. Lightfoot Fi. Scot. p. 92; RADIX perennis, repens. Y ROOT perennial, and creeping. CULML tenues, tres, quatuorve pedes alti, quatuor $ STALKS flender, three or four feet high; commonly communiter geniculis diftin&i, totidemque, Y furnifhed with four joints, and cloathed with vel quinis foliis a geniculis oriundis, veftiti. i as many or five leaves, arifing from the joints. FOLIA palmaria, fpithamza, et pedalia, glabra, tenuia, LEAVES from four to feven inches or a foot. in length, et infirma, fubtiliffimé per longitudinem ftriata, Y {mooth, thin and weak, very finely ftriated fuperna et inferna parte afpera, marginibus y through their whole length, the upper and etiam, fi deorfum ftringantur, afperis donata, ¥ under fide as well as the edges rough if drawn tres, quatuorve lineas lata, fenfim in acutum y backward through the hand, three or four lines mucronem terminata. Vagine ftriate, glabre, Y in breadth, terminating gradually in a fine ad internam foliorum bafin in membranulam $ point. Sheath ftriated, {mooth, at the inner tenuem, plerumque laciniatam terminate. i bafe of the leaf terminating in a membrane NA which is often Jagged. PANICULA palmaris, frequentius tamen fpithamza, y PANICLE four inches in length, but more frequently a pedalis et longior quandoque, fuberecta, diffufa, Y Ípan, a foot, or more, nearly upright, {preading laxa. Y and loofe. RAMI panicule, capillares, flexuofi. Y BRANCHES of the panicle very fine, and crooked. CALYX : Gluma uniflora, bivalvis, acuminata, valvulisf CALYX: a Glume of one flower, and two valvese aequalibus, lavibus, ovatis, acutis. fig. 1. 2. pointed, the valves equal, fmooth, ovate, and pointed. fig. 1. 2. COROLLA bivalvis, calyce minor: valvule ovate, 94 COROLLA compoted of two valves, fmaller than the obtufiufcule, altera minore. fig. 3. 4. calyx: the valves ovate, bluntifh, one ímaller Y than the other. jig. 3. 4. STAMINA: FILAMENTA tria, capillaria, corolla lon- Y STAMINA : three Fir AMENS, very fine, longer thari €«€«€€ gioraa4, ANTHER# primo oblonge, demum; the corolla ANTHER#@ firft oblong, then bifurce, flava. fig. 5. 1 forked at each end, of a yellow colour. fig. c. PISTILLUM : GERMEN fubrotundum, viride, glabrum ; PISTILLUM : GzRMEN roundifh, green, {mooth: SrYvL: duo reflexi, plumofi, albi. fig. 6. i STYLES two, turned back, feathered and white, .3 jig. 6. SEMEN unicum, te&um, fubrotundum, nitidum. fg. 7. * SEED fingle, enclofed, roundifh, and fhining. fig. 7. The grafs here figured is the only one we have of the genus Milium. It is diftinguifhed from the Panics, to which it has the greateft natural affinity, by having a calyx of two valves only: the height it ufually attains, the particular fituation in which it is found, joined to the delicacy of its panicle, eminently diftinguifh it from all our other grafies. It uon in many of the woods about town, particularly in Charlton Wood, and flowers in May with the Lily of the Valley and Hare-bell. It has a creeping root, and grows readily in 2 fhady fituation. iir Seda Le eun — RS xL E DA te "6 a Wi ok wu Seton * Lr TM Td rre vy» e. D i Mice t: y PNE oe c T I p OUI Il AP CPU, 288° , ScABIOSA ARVENSIS. LPFiEeLD ScCABIOUS SCABIOSA En Gai. PL TETRANDRIA MÓNOGYNIA. 1 "x ; 2 eed: y Vest A us ; - cats oe dU UR a ELO. Cal. communis polyphyllus; proprius duplex, fuperus. Recept. paleaceum five nudum. , Raii Sys. Gen. 8. HERBJE FLORE COMPOSITO DISCOIDE, SEMINIBUS PAPPO DESTITUTIS, ! CORYMBIFERJ DICT. | | | SCABIOSA arvenfis corollulis quadrifidis radiantibus, foliis pinnatifidis incifis, caule bifpido. Lin. Syjf. Vegetab. p. x21. Sp. Plant. p. 145. Fl. Suecic. n. 117. SCABIOSA filiis petiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis, dentatis, fuperioribus femipinnatis. Haller. Hift. 206. SCABIOSA arvenfis. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 1 PY | SCABIOSA pratenfis hirfuta que officinarum. Baub. pin. 269. SCABIOSA major vulgaris, Ger. emac. 719. SCABIOSA vulgaris pratenfis. Parkins. 494. Rag Syn. p. 19r. Common Field Scabious. Huda, FJ. Angl. ed. Il. p. 62. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 114. Oeder Fl, Dan. t. 447. RADIX perennis, ramofa, fublignofa, difficulter evulfa. ¥ROOT perennial, branched, fomewhat woody, with $ difficulty pulled up. x. CAULIS pedalis vel ultra, teres, fimplex feu ramofus,¥STALK a foot or more in height; round, fimple or {caber, füperne nudus, pubefcens, inferne ni- branched, rough, above naked of leaves, and FOLIA oppofita, hifpida, acuta, inferiora integra, ovali- ¥ gro punctatus, hifpidus: pilis albidis. A€-464€«€ v, oblonga, remote ferrata; fuperiora feffilia, am- plexicaulia, pinnatifida: laciniis linearibus, op- j pofitis, fubferratis ; intermedia duplo majore, lanceolata, utrinque attenuata, in medio fer- downy below, dotted with black and hifpid: the hairs whitifh. LEAVES oppofite, hifpid, pointed; the lower ones en- tire, of an oval oblong fhape, remotely fer- rated; the upper ones feffile, embracing the ftalk, and pinnatifid; the fegments linear, op- pofite, flightly ferrated, the middle fegment rata. twice the fize of the others, lanceolate, tapering ! at each extremity, and ferrated in the middle. FLORES terminales, longius pedunculati, folitarii. ti FLOWERS terminal, ftanding on long foot-ftalks. CALYX communis polyphyllus, imbricatus, foliolis ova- Y CAL Y X common to ali the florets compofed of many leaves, tis, acutis, pubefcentibus, ciliatis, plano-pa- Y imbricated, the leaves ovate, pointed, downy, tentibus; interioribus paulo minoribus. edged with hairs, flat and fpreading; the inner- | moft fomewhat the fmalleft. COROLLA compound, hemifpherical, of a pale violet colour, radiate; the florets in the circumference tubular, the length of the calyx, villous within, divided into four fegments which are upright, oblong, obtufe and unequal; the outermoft fomewhat the largeft; the two fide ones oppo - fite, and equal; the innermoft twice as {mall, fig. 1.5 the central florets fmaller, the mouth ... divided into four, obtufe, unequal fegments. STAMINA: FirLAMENTA quatuor, fetacea, tubo co- STAMINA: FriLAMENTs four, tapering, growing to rollz inferne adnata, longitudine corollae ; Aw- the lower part of the tube of the corolla, and THERJE exftantes, lineares, incumbentes, co- j of the fame length as the corolla. ANnTHERE rollaé concolores. fig. 2. projecting, linear, incumbent, of the fame colour as the corolla. fig. 2, PISTILLUM: Germen inferum, tetragonum, villofo- Y PISTILLUM: Geren below the corolla, four-cornered,, hifpidum, coronatum pappo campanulato, vil- covered with numerous fliffifh hairs and lofo-fetaceo, cinereo. STYLvs cylindricus, fu- crowned with a bell-fhaped pappus formed of perne incraffatus, corolla longior, erectus. numerous afh-coloured briftles, SrvrEg cylin- STIGMA exfertum, clavatum, emarginatum. f drical, thickened above, longer than the co- Fiz. 3: rola, upright, Sricma_ projecting, club- er | fhaped, with a notch. fig. 3. RECEPTACULUM barbatum, pilis germinibus brevi- Y RECEPTACLE bearded, the hairs fhorter than the oribus. i germina. SEMEN villofum, fubtetragonum, pappo villofo-fetaceo t SEED villous, fomewhat four cornered, crowned with a coronatum. jig. 4. briftly villous down or pappus. fiz. 4. A444 H4 1€ COROLLA compofita hemifpherica, dilute violacea, radiata; propria radu tubulata, longitudine ca- lycis, intus villofa, quadrifida; laciniis erectis, oblongis, obtufis, inzequalibus; exteriore paullo majore; duabus lateralibus, oppofitis, zequali- bus; intima duplo minore, fig. 1.5; di/ci minor, ore quadrifido, obtufo, inzquali. REALE AX AK ALI EAE AE AE AL EAL > $ALE EE "C06 xr 66€ The Scabiofa arvenfis is a very common plant, both in Corn-fields and Meadows. In the former it is undoubtedly a troublefome weed ; in the latter it frequently forms a great part of the pafturage, and being a hardy plant, pro- ducing a large quantity of foliage, which is not refufed, according to LinNavs’s experiments by Kine, Hor/es, or Sheep, it may perhaps be confidered rather as ufeful. Dr. RvTTY, in his Materia Medica, remarks, that the leaves have fometimes been defcribed as inodorous and infipid; but, on a more accurate examination, they are found to be bitterifh, with fome degree of acrimony and aftringency. Medicinally this fpecies, as well as the /ucci/z, has been recommended internally in Coughs, Afthmas, malignant Fevers, Lues venerea, Epilepfy, &c.; and externally in the Scurvy, Itch, Scabies, Tetters, &c.; and may be ufed in fubftance, infufion, decoction, or any manner of ways but, as Dr. Lewis obferves, the prefent practice has little dependance on it. | It flowers in July and Auguft, varies much in the divifions of its leaves, and is fometimes found with white flowers. The blofloms, and indeed the whole plant is much larger than the Scadbjofa fecifa; Ms leaves are more jagged. It flowers much earlier, and it affects a drier fituation. A M (vs den qa * Toi doe! 5 e el 1 | Ado T——MÓÀ— MÀ: ene T Mery ey EL mania Do oO a * m UN Hired al am "rtr a aa & oM "MED m Meis iri Sa — itta (2. | ud Sed siete $ Rdg edd. , bs — T d vd ub. T & y "pira lr zt hae Gd Fae ps TA Heian: ELE | "on em PO nte bas tu | E439 73 ot Se pen n eat Lm : ne eae 4 : Wisi Dcus Cree ead P EOGOALA JC E tee gs i aR. a0 3loána3- alics peut. edi ; a Nhe NT £l 1 | 4 a * ; | nan sid: MM, M dee he : 1 tae x VATI dE à CELA d ele E ZI BT px wat ni casi M E weeny Dae Bow in d Lnd pete! ny POM: | pi indeed MO Si. benc: LE TT o es & uud fink 0s dois e au ae eke Ao m DENISE = ^ dcus KS Sas Ned ds 5 0 media! op ane c Oy LANTAGO MEDIA. HoARY PLANTAIN. PLANTAGO Lin. Gen. PA. TETRANDRIA MonoGynia. Cal. 4-fidus. Cor. 4-fida: limbo reflexo; Stamina longifiima. Cap 2-locularis, circumicifla. Rai Syn; Gen. 22. HERBJ/E VASCULIFERE FLORE TETRAPETALO ANOMALZ; PLANTAGO media foliis ovato-lanceolatis pubefcentibus, fpica cylindrica, {capo tereti. Lin. Syff. Vegetab. p. 131. Sp. Pl. p. 163. FL Suec. n. 130. PLANTAGO foliis fubhirfutis, ellipticis, fpica cylindricà denfa. Haller: Hifi.n. 659. | PLANTAGO media. Scopoli Fl. Carniol. 162. PLANTAGO latifolia incisa. Bawhin. Pim. 18g. PLANTAGO majorincana; Parkins. 493. PLANTAGO iücana. Ger. emac. 419. Rai Syn: pi 314. Hoary Plantain, or Lamb’s Tongue, Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 63. Lightfoot Pl. Scot. p. 117. RADIX perennis, craffitie digiti aut pollicis, fubconica, Y ROOT perennial, the thicknefs of one's finger or apice in crura aliquot divifa, extus nigricans; y thumb; fomewhat conic, dividing at the top plurimis fibrillis in(tru&a; into a few branches, externally of a blackith | colour, and furnifhed with numerous fibres. FOLIA ovata, breviflime petiolata, füpra terrarà ex- y LEAVES ovate, ftanding on very fhort foot. ftalks, panía, interioribus fenfim minoribus, quinque- expanded on the ground, the innermoft graà- nervia, fubrugofa, utrinque pubefcentia, inte. dually fmalleft, having five ribs, fomewhat gerrima, | wrinkly, downy on both fides, and entire at 2 the edges. SCAPI plures, teretes, infra folia prodeuntes, fpitha- ¥ FLOWERING-STEMS feveral, round, proceeding from mz, aut pedales, ere&i; pubefcentes, pube below the leaves, from feven inches to a foot fuperne erecta, adprefía. in height, upright, downy, the hairs on the upper part of it upright, and preffed to the ! ftalk. | PIKES of the flowers cylindrical, from one to fcur inches in length. LORAL-LEAF, a floral-leaf or lanceolate fmall hol- low fcale, membranous at the edge, and of the length of the calyx, is placed under each floret. CALYX: a Pertantutum deeply divided into four fegments, ere& and permanent; the fegments ovate, a little pointed, membranous, and marked with a green rib. fg. 1. COROLLA monopetala, perfiftens, tabefcens. 752451 COROLLA monopetalous, permanent, withered. Te cylindraceus, bafi globofus. Limbus quadri- cylindrical, with a globular bafe. Limé divi- partitus, depreffus, laciniis ovatis, acutis. fig. 2. ded into four fegments, which are preded M downwards, ovate and pointed. fig. 2. STAMINA: Firamenta quatuor, capillaria, ere&to- 3 STAMINA : four Firaments very flender, fomewhat patentia, calyce triplo longiora, purpurafcentia. Y fpreading, thrice the length of the calyx, of a ANTHER® albe, incumbentes, una extremi- a purplifh colour. Anrurr# white, laying tate bifida, altera mucronata. jig. 3. acrofs the filaments, one end bifid, the other pointed. fig. 3. PISTILLUM: Germen ovatum. SrTYvrzvs filiformis, ¥ PISTILLUM : GERMEN ovate. SrYvLEÉ thread-fhaped, pilofus, ftaminibus brevior. Sricma fimplex. $ hairy, fhorter than the flumina, Sricma fg. An Y fimple. fig. 4. PERICARPIUM: Capsuta ovali circumfciffa, dif-¥SEED-VESSEL: an oval Carsute, dividing horizon- perma. jig. 6. Y E in the middle, and containing two feeds. Y ig. 6. SEMINA bina, hinc convexa, inde plano concava, { SEEDS two together, convex on one fide, and plano-con- fe. 7. ¥ cave on the other. jig. 7. e «4€ 4€ ua SPICJE florim cylindricze, pollicares aut palmares: "xj BRACTEA, feu fquamula lanceolata, concava, margine membranacea, fingulo floículo fubjicitur, lon- gitudine calycis. CALYX: PERIANTHIUM quadripartitum, erectum, per- fiftens; laciniis ovatis, acutiufculis, membra- naceis, nervo vitidi infignitis, fig. 1. € «4€ 6064€ A€ AX 0646 € 6606 HE LE EME LEE 644444 en daa x This fpecies of Plantain has a large root when fully grown, which penetrates deep into the earth, and being fupplied with numerous lateral fibres, it fupports itfelf in the moft fcorching feafons, when the plants around it are frequently burnt up. It is allo one of thofe plants which are not deftroyed by repeated mowing, as moít lawns and grafs plats fufficiently teftify. It may be diftinguifhed from the common Plantain by the leaves being fmaller, and hoary, ftanding on fhorter foot-ftalks, lying clofe to the ground, and having no notches on the edges; by its fpikes being fhorter, its filaments longer, its antherze whiter aud more fhowy, aud, if any other difference were wanting, we might add, that its capfules, inftead of many, contain only two feeds, as in the /azceolata. About London it is not fo common as either the /auceolata or major ; but where the foil is chalky no plant occurs more frequently. It flowers from Tune to Augu/t. Sheep, Goats, and Swine, eat it; Kine and Horfes refufe it. Liz. Pan. Suec. 35 hen eeu ent: NA rg Pus y rs d em eR r ^ mn. ED ED SOWIE S MAD DOOR E TET rk, : y S0 NP A AMOUR or k i 1? yma A ve r à FK teh a meh st hee fas PROIN s 11) d Ap ee d T 4 L] M a : Visage T VOTO FF PROMIS ] ien * r k "i UT ie MEA UTATA n j ry rs ya du "t : 4 M d I: Tan d : - Ve = "C Si ghie 17. : 3 by BE Rod 2 * , tery dI OR AUR M IER j P : ie PEED Wb SEP ew hy au Kad. MER NOR athe’ r Ay. "ki ; ge LA " -5 Won I4 ! y ) hoo. 509 De abe a e ae ma tat om dd ^1 i, ^ "m S ; kh du dod. ae | d ' 5 h nom ZW Hs - d ee UE TIC : G24 4S wet T3244. 123 ; ! 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Du Ta^ Pim Es A pnt Frayer hy hee a Y* -* AI f. coer > “" , A X » $ s h " d * t i 1.» y | vat n 4 (401: 4 He Roy 15 Ti 7 oye w M" PIU. boners, es 3 " ; re attains H | ASIMUFE M: "rra esp 4 i ER M: 3 d EP ' Bu ED i " yr oe { à ^ ; , MALE. d khÁÀJ.Clasjioniab A " f "E ES U : 14H55: T : hn ( yif M » ‘ - t id pie RY f gre ra - A EF | id eee ; r : | à \ via STI E í j T; ! 1 (ow ^ p i * ' rt [ At , he IU / "7 ! a = D D "n d » i Tr* § | eet forge £u stat ng ae AE n eye dut MN. Y OV ow eu JF Y, AUR CREAR FRAIS ATUS #y ee TX 2 i Pate Ve ; : NI T t+ we CIP es ee heb P ?J MOV yw 5i ut : Pf wis » - fete ? 109 G1 2X " EUM AT DNE ' TW. hs ÁSPERULA ODORATA. WOooDRUrrky. ASPERULA Lin. Gen. Pl. '"TETRANDRIA MoNoGYNIA. Cor, 1-petala, infundibuliformis. Semina 2, elobofa. Ran Syn. Gen. 12. HERB STELLATE. ASPERULA odorata foliis o&onis lanceolatis, florum fafciculis pedunculatis. Lin. Syff. Vegetab. p. 125. UE ape Noe ASPERULA caule ere&o, foliis o&onis; petiolis ramofis erectis, feminibus hir(utis. Haller. Hifl. n. 728. GALIUM odoratum. Scopoli Fi. Carn. n. 158. ASPERULA feu Rubeola montana odora. Baub. Pin. 334. ASPERULA. Ger. emac. 966, ASPERULA aut Afpergula odorata. Parkins. 563. Ra Sym. p. 225. Woodroof or Woodruffe. Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 66. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 115. — Oeder FI. Dan. t. 562. RADIX perennis, tenuis, articulatus, flavefcens, paulo $ ROOT perennial, flender, jointed, of a yellowifh colour, infra terram repens, et plurimas fibrillas di- y creeping a little below the furface of the earth, mittens. and fending down numerous {mall fibres, CAULIS erectus, fpithamzus, plerumque fimplex, tetra- ¥ STALK upright, about a fpan in height, for the moft gonus, quadrifulcatus, glaber. part perfectly fimple, four-cornered, with a groove on each fide, and fmooth. FOLIA plerumque octona, verticillata, lanceolata y LEAVES growing generally eight together in a whirl, «e4e€ 4€ mucronata, glabra, fpinulis ciliata. jig. 1. i lanceolate, terminating in a {mall point, fmooth Y and edged with {mall fpines. fig. 1. CORYMBUS terminalis, nudus, erectus. Y CORYMBUS terminal, naked, and upright. CALYX nullus. ¥ CALYX wanting. COROLLA monopetala, alba, infundibuliformis. Tudus¥COROLLA monopetalous, white, funnel-fhaped. Tube brevis, germini infidens. Limbus quadripar- Y fhort, fitting on the germen. Limb divided titus, tubo longior, laciniis lanceolatis, paten- y into four fegments, longer than thetube, feg- tibus, crafhufculis. fg. 2. i ments lanceolate, fpreading, thickifh. fig. 2. STAMINA: FILAMENTA quatuor, ad apicem tubi, 4STAMINA: four Firamenrs at the top of the tube, breviffima, alba. AmwTHEn albidz, longitu- Y very fhort and white. ANTHER# whitifh, the dine flamentorum, oblonge, fublineares, in- $ length of the filaments, oblong, fomewhat ; cumbentes. jig. 3. Y linear and incumbent. jig. 3. PISTILLUM: GznMEN inferum, viride, fubrotundum, $ PISTILLUM: GERMEN placed beneath the corolla, of — utrinque compreflum, obfolete didymum, hif- y a green colour, roundiíh, flattened on both pidum. - Srvrvs filiformis, albus, bifidus, Y fides, obfcurely double, and hifpid. SrTvrrz antheris brevior. Stigmata duo, globofa, y filiform, white, bifid, fhorter than the an- ineequalia. ffe. 4, 5, 6. Y there. STIGMATA two, globular and une- P Y | 6 Y ual. fig. 4, 5, 6. J NECTARIUM : Glandula parva bafin ftyh cingens. ¥NECTARY: a {mall G/and furrounding the bafe of the ftyle. PERICARPIUM : Bacce duz, ficce, globofz, coalite, ¥ SEED- VESSEL : two, dry, round, hifpid berries united PM ; together. jig. 7. SEMINA folitaria, fubrotunda, magna. jig. 8. ¥ SEEDS fingle, large and roundifh. jig. 8. «€ The flowers of Woodruff have an agreeable fmell, and the whole plant, when dried, diffufes an odour like that of the /weet-/cented Vernal-grafs. Kept among cloaths, it not only imparts to them an agreeable perfume, but, according to LiwN Eus, preferves them from infects. Ray informs us, that it gives its flavour to vinous liquors; and that the Germans ufe it much for that purpofe. As a medicinal plant, it is fuppofed to attenuate vifcid humours, and ftrengthen the tone of the Bowels, whence it is recommended in obftructions of the liver and biliary du&s, and by fome in Epilepfies and Palfies: modern practice has neverthelefs rejected it. It is common in the woods about London, efpecially Charlton Wood; and flowers in May and ^fuae. 249 bust IN D 3 TRA Er png mane mS QUEE gaz mien Tl ASSO. oe ra CvNocLossuM OFFICINALE. HouNpstToncur. CYNOGLOSSUM Lin. Ges. P]. Pewranpria MonocGynia, Cor. infundibuliformis, fauce claufa fornicibus. Stamina deprefla interioré tantum latere {tylo affixa. Raii Syn. Gen. 13. HERBIE ASPERIFOLUE. CYNOGLOSSUM officinale ftaminibus corolla brevioribus, foliis lató lanceolatis tómentofis ft fülibus. Lin. Syft. Vegetab. px 159. Sp. PL. p. 192. FL Suec. n. 58. CYNOGLOSSUM foliis ellipticis, lanceolatis, fericeis, caule foliofo. Haller. Hif. n. 587, CYNOGLOSSUM officinale. Scopoli Fl, Carniol. 191. CYNOGLOSSUM majus vulgare. Baubin. Pin. 257. Ger. emac. 804. Parkins. kii; Great Houndftongue. Rait Sym ed. 3: p. 226. Hudfon Fh Angl. ed. 2. p. 80. Lightfoot FI, Scot. ps 133. RADIX biennis, craffitie digiti fed pollicis, pedalis et ¥ROOT biennial, the thicknefs of the finget or thumb, a. ultra, fufiformis, foris nigricans, intus/albida. * foot or more in length, tapering; blackith on Y the outfide, and whitifh within; |. | CAULIS bi feu tripedalis, erectus, fulcatosangulatus, 3 STALK two or three feet in height; upright, grooved villofus, foliofiffimus, fuperne ramofus; Ram;t or angular, villous, very leafy, branched at plurimi, fuberecti, villofi, i top; Branches numerous, utarly upright atid Y villous. FOLIA radicalia magna, pedalia et ultra, petiolata, ova- 4 LEAVES proceeding from the root large, a foot ormore ta, acuta, lericea hirfutie incana, venofa, cau-¢ in length, ftanding on footftalks; vate, lina, faltem fuperiora feffilia, conferta, fparía, Y pointed; covered with a filky down Which erecta, lanceolata, bafi latiora. Y gives them a greyifh colour, veiny, thofe of Y the ftalk at leaft the uppermcft ones fetlile, i numerous, placed irregularly on the ftalk, up- ' $ right, lanceolate, and broadeft at the bafe. FLORES primo fordide rubentes, demum czrulefcentes, Y FLOWERS at firft of a dull red colour, afterwards be- racemofi, fecundi. i coming blueifh, growing in racemi or long : buhches, and hanging all one way. PEDUNCULII teretes,-alterni, pubefcentes. $ RACEMI nearly upright, and generally naked. ¥ FLOWER-STALKS round, alternate, and downy. CALYX: PznrawTHIUM quinquepartitum, foliolis$ CALYX: Penr1ANTHIUM deeply divided into five feg- ovato-lanceolatis, erectis, pubefcentibus, obtu- Y ments, the leaves ovato-lanceolate, upright, fiufculis, interne nitidis. fig. 1. : downy, bluntifh, fhining on the infide, fig. 1. COROLLA : monopetala, infundibuliformis; Tubus cy- Y COROLLA monopetalous, funnel«(haped, 7242 cylindri- lindraceus, craffus, pallidus, calyce duplo bre- cal, thick, of a pale colour, half the length o£ viors Limbus concavus, quinquefidus, laciniis Y the calyx. Limp concave, divided into five rotundatis. fig. 2, 3. i roundifh fegments, ffo. 2, 3. NECTARIUM: Squame quinque, purpuree, anticey NECTARY : five purple Sca/es, anteriorly hollow, gib- concaviuícula, vertice gibbe, obtufíz, margini Y bous at top, blunt, inferted into the edge of the tubi infertz, limbo duplo breviores, conni- $ tube, half the length of the limb, clofiog to- ventes. fig. 4. Faux corolle perforata. Y gether. fig. 4. Mouth of the corolla perforated. STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quinque, breviflima ; As-YSTAMINA: five Fin AMENTS, very fhort. ANTHERJE THERE Oblongz, virides, fub fquamis neCtarcis Y oblong, green, hid under the fcaly nectarics. reconditz. jig. c. $ $0. PISTILLUM: Germina quatuor, é luteo-virefcentia, 3 PISTILLUM: Germina four, of a yellowith green glabra; Srvrus fubulatus longitudine ftami- Y colour, fmooth. SrYvrs tapering, the length num, perfiftens; SriGMA obtufum, emargi- Y of the ftamina, permanent. STIGMA bluntand natum. jig. 6. 3 nicked. jig. 6. PERICARPIUM: Capsuta quatuor depreffe, fubro-¥SEED-VESSEL: four flat Capsuxes of a roundith tundz, ícabra, non dehifcentes, apice affixee. v fhape, fomewhat prickly, not opening, fixed p. 7. Y by their points. jig. 7. SEMINA folitaria, fubovata, gibba; acuminata, glabra. ? SEEDS fingle, fomewhat ovate, gibbous, pointed and fig. 8. " {mooth. jig. 8, The leaves of this plant are in fhape thought to refemble a Dog’s-tongue, whence its name. It grows wild by road fides, and in uncultivated places; and is particularly common about Charlton, and in the road to Lew/bam. | | It flowers in fune and uly, and ripens its feeds in Zugu/ff and September. The whole plant has a difagreeable fmell, much refembling that of mice. Its effe&s are faid to be narcotic; and an inftance 1s related in the Hf. Oxon. 3. 450 *, in which the leaves boiled by mittake for thofe of Comfrey, difordered a whole family, and proved fatal to one. Paron Hauer quotes Dr, Br A1 as defcribing a cafe fome- -whatíimilar; but in that inftance the plant ufed was not the Cysoglofjum, but the Pulmonaria maritima +; a plant one would not fufpe& of being poifonous. | Houndftongue has been ufed in medicine both internally and externaily; but the prefent practice takes no notice of it in any intention. Cattle in general diflike it; but the Goat, who with impunity willeat Deadly Nightfhade and Tobacco, is faid fometimes to crop this naufeous plant ; it is the natural food of the caterpillar of the ícarlet tyger-moth (Phalena Dommula) which may be found on it in April and May. The Cynoglofjum minus folio virente Ger. emac. 805, is confidered by Linnzus merely as a variety of this plaut, and defcribed by Ray as growing in the London road between Kelvedon and Witham in Effex, but more plentifully about Brax/fed by the way fides. It has alfo been obferved in fome fhady lanes about Worceffer by Mr. Pitts; at Southend, by Eltham, plentifully, Mr. 7. Sberard; by the road fide, about a mile beyond Waltham-abbey, towards Harlow, Mr. Newton ; At Norbury in Surrey, a mile trom Leatherhead, plentifully. Merr. Pin, *.** Mulier quedam Oxonienfis, et maritus cum liberis, et quotquot erant iftius familie, folia Cynogloffi (pro tene!lis Symphyti fcliiscolle&a) cota, ** libere comedebant ; et prandio mox omnes zgr? fe habebant, et non multo poít vomitus moleftus infequebatur, deinde itupore et fomno correpri ** funt, nec poft horas fere 40 penitus excitati ; unus autem mortuus eft.” t Blair’s Miicellaneous Obfervations, p. 55. ; pitas bash oar fee? Vor Re Wed 2 rp oy 4 j d P 3 n Acor UU % Tox ? : E E , wit TM 240 MENYANTHES TRIFOLIATA. BUCKBEAN. MENYANTHES Liz. Gen. Pl, PeNTANDRIA MoNOGYNIA. Corolla hirfata. Stigma 2-fidum. Capf 1-locularis. Raii Syn. Gen. 18. HERBJE FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI, FLORE MONOPETALO, MENYANTHES :;rifolióta foliis térnátis. Lin. Sy/?. Vegetab. p. 164. Sp. Pl. 208. Fl. Suec. n. 173. PI, Lappon. p. 50. MENYANTHES foliis ternatis. Haller Hifl. n. 633; MENYANTHES ;rifoliatà. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 212. TRIFOLIUM paluftre. Bauh. Pin. 327. TRIFOLIUM paludofum, Ger. emac. 1194. Parhinf: 1212. TRIFOLIUM fibrinum Caere. et Germanorum. Raii Syn. p. 285. Marth-Trefoil, Buckbeans. Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 85. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 134. Oeder Fl, Dan. 541. RADIX perennis, repens, longa, geniculata, fibrofa. -¥ ROOT perennial, creeping, long, jointed and fibrous. CAULIS procumbens, varie longitudinis pro ratione ¥ STALK procumbent, various in its length, according loci, vaginis tectus, | leaves. FOLIA petiolata, ternata, ovata, obtufa, utrinque gla- ; LEAVES ftanding on foot-(talks, growing three toge- bra, venofa, margine repanda, ther, ovate, obtufe, {fmooth on both fides, $ veiny, the edge waved or ferpentine. $ LEAF-STALKS round, ftriated, forming a fheath at Y the bottom. SCAPUS fimplex, nudus, e vaginis foliorum natus, erec- W SCAPUS, or flowering ftem, fimple, naked, arifing from 4 068 o e 4 PETIOLI teretes, ftriati, bafi vaginati. toits fituation, covered by the fheaths of the. STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quinque, fubulata, alba, co- $ tus, teres; glaber, folis longior. Y the fheaths of the leaves, upright, round, ao {mooth, longer than the leaves. ! THYRSUS terminalis, fubpyramidalis, nudus, Y THYRSUS terminal, fomewhat pyramidal, naked. . BRACTEE ovatz, acutiuícule, concave. H FLORAL-LEAVES ovate, fomewhat pointed and hol- pz m AUN Lt 00$ . low, CALYX: PznrANTHIUM monophyllum, quinque par- i CALYX: a Periantuium of one leaf, deeply divided titum, bafi rugofum, laciniis erectis, oblongis, Y obtufis, levibus, margine coloratis. jig. 1. 5 COROLLA monopetala, campanulato-infundibulifor- Y COROL mis, extus rofea, intus alba; Tudus craffus, y calyce longior, quinque-fulcatus ; Limbus quin- que-partitus, laciniis ovato-lanceolatis, acuti- ufculis, reflexo-patentibus, intus barbatis, api- 3 cibus nudis, barbá longitudine calycis, fila- mentofa, alba. jig. 2. 4€464€ eH 666 rollz tubo adnata; AN THERE purpurafcentes, f fagittate, apicibus incurvis; PorrLrN flavum. Y into five fegments, at bottom wrinkly, the fegments upright, oblong, obtufe, fmooth, and coloured on the edge. fig. 1. LA monopetalous, betwixt bell and funnel- fhaped, externally of a rofe colour, internally white; Tube thick, longer than the calyx, having five grooves; Limb divided into five fegments, which are narrow and pointed, {preading and turned back, bearded on the in- fide, the tips naked, beard the length of the calyx, thready and white. jig. 2. STAMINA: five FizAMENTS, tapering, white, grow- ing to the tube of the corolla; ANTHERE | purplifh, arrow-fhaped, the tips bending in; ig, 3. Y PoLLEN yellow. jig. 3. PISTILLUM: Germen ovatum, viride, nitidum ; ¥ PISTILLUM : GERMEN ovate, green, fhining ; STYLE STrYvLUs cylindricus, fuperne paululum in- $ cylindrical, above a little thickened, twice the craflatus, ftaminibus duplo longior; Sr16MA Y length of the ftamina; ST1G6MA compoted of bilabiatum, flavum, villofum. fig. 4. i two lips, green and villous. jg. 4. PAnEINsoN informs us, that in his time this plant was generally called by the name of Mar/b-irefil, and fome- times Mar/h-claver ; it is now generally known by the name of Buckbean, whether this be a corruption of the compound word Bog-bean, or of the low Dutch Boex boonen, hoc eft Phafeolum bircinum, or whether it be an ori- ginal Englifh word we fhall not prefume to determine, it being a point on which the learned themfelves are not agreed ; but there is one point in which all who have feen the Buckbean in perfection will at once agree, viz. that it is one of the moft beautiful plants this country can boaft, nor does it futfer when compared with the Kalmja’s, the Rhododendron’s, aud the Erica’s of foreign climes, which are purchafed at an extravagant price, and kept up with much pains and expence, while this delicate native, which might be procured without any expence, and cul- tivated without any trouble, blofloms unfeen, and waítes its beauty in the defart air. It grows abundantly in moft boggy meadows, it will alfo flourifh in ponds and lakes, and may be found in Batterfea Meadows, particularly about a hundred yards diftant from the Red Hozfe towards Che/fea, allo plenti- fully in the marfhes aboutthe ifland of St. Helena, near Rotherhithe, and no where in greater plenty than in the maríhes about Staines, in many of which it is the principal plant. It flowers in May and June. | To E [0 1 To fuch as with to have this plant flower with them in perfection; I would recommend the following mode ef cultivation : collect the roots of the plant either in {pring or autumn, put them in a large pot (having a hole at - the bottom) filled with bog earth, immerfe the pot about two-thirds of its depth in water, in which it fhould continue ; the advantage of this method is, that when the plant is coming into flower it may be brought into any room and placed in a pan of water, where it will continue to bloflom for two or three weeks, A fingle root which I treated in this manner, planted in the fpring, produced the enfuing May eight flowering ítems, many of which had fifteen or fixteen bloffoms on them. m | Liwwuus, in his invaluable Flora Lapponica, has feveral curious obfervations on the Buckbean, he informs us that the inhabitants of fome parts of Lapland, aud allo of Jeffrobotbnia, draw out: the roots, which grow plenti< fully in the rivulets, and for want of other fodder give them to their cattle, who confume them entirely ; alio that, in times of fevere fcarcity, the miferable inhabitants mix the powder of the dried roots with a {mall quan- tity of meal and convert them into bread, which, he obferves, is very bitter and extremely naufeous 3 that it was a general practice with the peafants of //effrogotbia, in brewing, to fubflitute the bitter leaves of this plant for the hop, and that they were equally efficacious in preventing the beer from becoming four;—he concludes his remarks by obferving, that Ban rHoL1N, Stmon Pavurr, and others, have exclaimed much on the {curvy of the northern regions, arifing from cold, and of the profufion of antifcorbutic plants. to be met with in thofe countries, among which they enumerate the Buckbean as a principal one; Linn mus however afferts, that out of the great number of Laplanders he had feen not one was affected with that difeafe, although they lived in the coldeft ha- bitable climate, and ufed no vegetable for their ordinary food, not evem bread. On the contrary, he had obíerved the {curvy to be one of the moít common difeafes of thofe who inhabited the countries adjacent. a Many phyficians have a high opinion of its medical virtues. | " : m «It is of fubtle penetrating parts, a good diuretic and antifeorbutic, whence it is alfo of great ufe to people afflicted with rheumatic pains. An imfufion of the dried leaves may either be drank like tea, or they may be in- fufed in white wine. It is a very intenfe d:tter, and at firft not very agreeable. Dr. Deering Cat. Stirp. é ex LA 6 * Marfh-trefoil is an efficacious aperient and deobftruent, promotes the fluid fecretions, and, if liberally taken, gently loofens the belly. It has of late gained great reputation in fcorbutic and fcrophulous diforders; and its « good effects in thefe cafes have been warranted by experience ; inveterate cutaneous difeafes have been removed by an infufion of the leaves drank to the quantity of a pint a day, at proper intervals, and continued fome - weeks.” Lewiss Di/p. p. 242. | € e € a 6 wn It is alfo extolled for its efficacy in removing a variety of other difeafes, as the periodical head-ach, afthma, protracted intermittents, jaundice, dropfy, wandering gout, worms, &c.—but we forbear faying more of it on this head, leaft its real virtues fhould be called in queftion. Dr. Fancrep Rosinson afferts, that fheep are cured of the rot by being driven to feed in marfhes where this plant abounds ; this, if true, would prove a moft valuable difcovery. Me a E eal xs Pot LO a EM ubi uU es 3 dy ag pr : url, e V a Er : eu: VLA : ena sob or ei aso : a s 4 £ Abas BRS x 8 P 1 Wis jn ya À | | | Doo QUE, pes ovi eph grails 23243 pui c T NO. . ae, ieee A Eolo "ror sud ors Smee an anemia) nian in | Ed zin jg nera 70. d AH ity Me ah E aui NS INLCRPUEIDIRET Or 00 OPE D IN NE nee. no: uut com e Nine dons : EET ai Rake fee FOR NRL isa ap P rA bU. UE ES : | bmp. iis. Bete su. hae ERI OIM | UC 4 XE. pike ld i : | 4 que aU bole E jute 4 E : i Rem m : I p UAE in: t ub he" dw ER É swf ANI E ii a EDS : | Mi Bio} ct HeEG! ded eos. yf H AW DR sun aut cha pii a sr reas t "n s si ie MS oL | yan br Bi 135 | ; eee a 1 32 s * I^ TES i: " 1 nb buc Hon 6 eit; "ue ray Len | "S RTT Ael elio ay Ec í Tom +. % : La: FORuiruot eit O30 Pests nari M (o EAS Y [o ng. ace. bine D ae hie viter: m IY orm hug ju LEM ‘ . AE gt ay to if mated att. uada aei pur iN à : v royit dise joi an i Ademosae besos Rhys s spot bao bw bris. wh. 21: Rasps VUA Re aE SOLA RID NISI te Ue PSY jac n ; | "i s Bebjeih: amiet: duda 710: gour9biw. PEED EAD «adi: ore dove tds 32:2) - rie | : ou E j Ta i35 7 à | j noun 4nboavos: dod Oras oti : 7 : f 4 Y . HEP TIR i " pe wl "Y , } i he » 4 l à : P x aaa po adi 4 356. : NE P i ; Sees i 5 & emir en 4:165 (ened huno dea 3 ] po PS xi rd Bir ioe finos. E x] Klas co 5 nid | | oso ul UUCUATINU LS on aV AC M A ae UPY, ia n AERE aec. i | 130 Salted 4 ig bus. | E Mpeg 2 E ^ qesiusiobA cd 4 d CR at MN RUE od | phi pn d MEUS: SAI OPTIO: | vm aur xr 2 EAE) * ; iue Lu se rio no rcr AV HAST L- | : NA Tu M T uni gs | fiis pie 5 LI Ue | nt | ux pA Eto Bree yer: OYMPHYTUM OFFICINALE. ComFfrey. SYMPHYTUM Lin. Gen. Pl PENTANDRIA MoNOGYNIA. Corolle limbus tubulato ventricofus i fauce claufa radiis fubulatis. Rau Syn. Gen. 13. HERBa ASPERIFOLIE. SYMPHY TUM offcinale foliis ovato-lanceolatis decurrentibus, Lin. Syft. Vegetab. p. 158. Sp. Pl, 1956 Fil, Suec. n. 165. is SYMPEYTUM Haller. Hifl. n. 600. SYMPHYTUM Scopoli Fl. Cara. n. 195. SYMPHYTUM Confolida major. Bauh. pin. 259. CONSOLIDA major. Gerard emac. 866. SYMPHYTUM inajus vulgare. | Parkinfon 523. Raw Sym. p. 230. Comfrey. Hudfom. Fl Angl. ed. 2. p. 81. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 134. d ’ em i 1 ; PE E RADIX perennis, magna, raniofà, extus nigricàtis, intus Y ROOT perennial, large, branched, on the outfide alba, fubdulcerti-1nfipida; fucco tenaci gluti- $ blackifh, white within, maukith, abounding nofo abundans. with a flimy juice. ay CAULIS bipedalis, ere&us, ramofus, teres; fubangula- y STALK about two feet high, upright, branched, round, tus, fcaber; pube rigida, recurva. + yet flightly angular, rough; the hairs rigid ; "m M and bending backwards. FOLIA alterna, inferne petiolata, fuperne feffilia, decur- y LEAVES alternate, the lower ones ftanding on foot- rentia, ovata, acuta, fpitham:ea, etiam pedali . ftalks, the upper ones feflile, decurrent, ovate, pointed, feven inches, or even a foot in length, fomewhat wrinkly, veined, rough on both fides, the edges flightly waved, and fringed | with hairs. | FLORES ex albo-lutefcentes, raro pürpurei; cernui, Y FLOWERS of a yellowifh white colour, rarely purple, racemofi, racemis plerümque geminis, invo- drooping, placed on racemi or branches, which lutis, multifloris. ufually grow two together, turn fpirally in- | wards, and fupport many flowers. PEDUNCULI racemorum & florum teretes, hitfuti. ^ ¥PEDUNCLES both of the racemi and flowers; round and very hairy. i-a d CALYX: Psriantuium monophyllum, villofum, pro- Y CALYX: a PERIANTHIUM vf ohe leaf, hairy; deeply funde quinquefidum : laciniis lanceolatis acütis, i divided into five fegments, which are lanceo- ! carinatis, erectis, figs 1. late, keel'd and upright; jg. 1. COROLLA infundibuliformis, ex luteo-alba, decidua; Y COROLLA funnel-fhaped, of a yellowifh white colour; arum rugofa, venofa, utrinque fcabra, mar- ip o ; P gine fubundulata, ciliata; «620-96 Ga IH eee Tubus crafius, longitudine calycis, apice extus ¥ deciduous; the ze thick, the length of the notatus punctis quinque depreflis, fig. 25. limbus Y calyx, marked externally at the top. with five {mall depreffions; fig. 2. the mb ovate from the gradual widening of the tube, divided into five fhort roundifh fegments, which are rolled back ; the mouth clofed with five long and pointed ne&taries, thick at the edge, with ovatus, e tubo fenfim ampliato, minutim quin- quefidus, laciniis brevibus, rotundatis; revo- lutis; faux claufa: {quamis ne&areis quinque lanceolatis, acutis, margiue craffis, ferrulato- dentatis, conniventibus, corollà brevioribus. Jg 4, 5. numerous teeth-hke points, clofing at top, "e: fhorter than the corolla. jig. 4, 5. STAMINA : FirAMENTA, quinque, lanéeolata, alba, YslIAMINA: five, lanceolate, white, fhortifh Fina- breviufcula; ANTHERE oblongz, apice et bafi Y MENTS; ÁNTHERJE oblong, bifid both at top bifida, lutefcentes, ercéte, fub fquamis nec- and at bottom, of a yellowith colour, upright, tareis occultat. fig. 3. . hid by the ne&taries. fig. 3. PISTILLUM : Germen quadripartitum: lobis fübro- $ PISTILLUM : Germen divided into four lobes, which tundis, obtufis, viridibus; STv Lus. fubulatus, are roundifh, blunt and green ; Svr taper- albus, inter lobos germinis furgens, corolla ing, white, arifing from the middle betwixt paulo longior, apice obliquus ; Srrema_par- the lobes, a little longer than the corolla, with vum, obtufum. fg. 6. a {mall obliquity at top; SriGMA fmail and blunt. jig. 6. SEMINA quatuor in fundo calycis, majufcula, angulata, y SEEDS four, in the bottom of the calyx, largifh, angue 4€44464€ 465644944 4€ 4€4€- 646€ nigricantia, nitida. fg. 7. Y lar, blackifh and fhining. fig. 7. The Comfrey is a very common plant by river fides, on the edges of wet ditches, and in other moift fitua- tions ; it flowers from June to September, Its blofioms are for the moft part of a yellowifh white colour, but in fome parts of England, and abroad, they are more commouly purple. ; Asa medicinal plant the Com/rey has been held in high eftimation, its confolidating virtues have however been carried to a ridiculous exceís; the roots, which are full of a glutinous juice, agree in quality with the roots of Marfb-mallow, and hence are recommended, internally, in fpittings of blood, purgings, fluxes, and ulcers of the bladder; externally, by way of poultice to frefh wounds, fra&ured bones, bad ulcers, bruifes, gouty fwellings, &c. A decoction of the powdered root, prepared in a particular manner, yields a fine fcarlet colour. Hetiot C ROPHERU, DB a7 It is generally left untouched by cattle. I know of no plant, that on being repeatedly cut down, produces fuch a quantity of herbage. 27// AND C (Aa COV Oe M hat | Ud Lebe LI, A ori npinoqp ilu: vog unt MGE ^ EL MOOD AID W OUndienmed Whe: hpunoges will: bueói iios Ü ulii . P E VEA n y eii 3 er Dru S -e-— » ire i Lora (d Wh rp He tH 1 ML eS ys Es m £ 109 630 B bod. dudpeinise -escshs devoy: / 3 p 1 ) EY: e - t : Y ai ET. i fent] Dus drin ® VINCA MAJOR. GREAT PERIWINKLE. VINCA Lin. Gen. Pl Pentranpria Monocynia. Contorta. Follicul: 2, eretti, Semina nuda. Rai. Syn. Gen. 17. HERB MUL TISILIQUJE SEU CORNICULATA, VINCA major caulibus ere&s, foliis ovatis, floribus pedunculatis. Lin. Sy/. Vegetab. p. 304s PERVINCA caulibus erectis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis ciliatis, petiolis unifloris. Haller. Diff. n. 57% PERVINCA major, Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 174. CLEMATIS daphnoidessmajor. Baub. pin. 322. CLEMATIS daphnoides s. Pervinca Bites Ger. emac. 894. CLEMATIS daphnoides latifolia, f. Pervinca major. Parkins. 380. Rai Sys. p. 268. ‘The greater Pe- nwinkle — Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. p. 91. RADIX perennis, fibrofa, fibris albidis feu fufcis. ROOT perennial and fibrous, the fibrous whitifh or of a brown colour. STALKS producing the flowers upright, two feet high and upwards, round, the fides alternately fomewhat flattened, {mooth, dotted with red, there are alfo other ftalks producing no flowers which creep on the ground or climb the neighbouring plants. LEAVES oppofite, ftanding on footftalks, ovate, {mooth, fhining, finely edged with hairs, re- mote from each other, and evergreen. FLOWER-STALKS longer than the leaves, upright, round, {mooth, filiform, each fupporting one flower. FLOWERS large, of a pale blue colour. CALYX: a PERIANTHIUM divided into five Íegments, the fegments fomewhat linear, ciliated, al- moft the length of the tube of the corolla. CAULES florigeri erecti, bipedales et ultra, teretes, lateribus alterne fubcompreffis, glabri, rubro maculati, cauliculi etiam funt fteriles qui hu- mi repent aut plantas vicinas fcandent. FOLIA oppofita, petiolata, ovata, glaberrima, minu- tim ciliata, remota, fempervirentia. PEDUNCULI foliis longiores, ere&i, teretes, glabri, filiformes, uniflori. FLORES ampli, pallide czrulei. CALYX: PrERIANTHIUM quinquepartitum, laciniis fublinearibus, ciliatis, longitudine fere tubi corolle. fg. 1. piste COROLLA monopetalous, falver-fhaped, the tube below, cylindrical, above broader, having five grooves, the mouth whitifh, five cornered the limb horizontal, divided into five fega- ments which are externally broadeft, and ob- liquely cut off. fig. 2. STAMINA: five FiLAMENTS very fhort, firft bent in, and afterwards bent back; AN THERE bi- locular, opening inwardly, terminated by a airy membrane bent in at top. fig. 3. | PISTILLUM : Germina two, preffed by two fhining glands which pour forth plentifully a fweet liquor; STYLE one common to both, gra- dually tapering to the bafe; Stremara two, the lowermoft round and flat, the uppermoft very hairy, covered by the membrane of the antherze. figs 4. | COROLLA monopetala, hypocrateriformis, tubus in- ferne cylindraceus, fuperne latior, lineis quin- que infculptus, ore pentagono, albido, limbus horizontalis, quinquepartitus, laciniis extror- fum latioribus, oblique truncatis. fig. 2. STAMINA: FILAMENTA quinque breviffima, inflexa, retrolexa; AN'THER biloculares, introrfum dehifcentes, membrana pilosa incurva termi- nate. fig. 3. PISTILLUM. Germina duo, comprefía glandulis duabus nitidis liquorem. melleum copiofe ef- fundentibus; SrvrLvs utrique unus commu- nis, ad bafin fenfim gracilefcens; STIGMATA duo, inferius orbiculatum, planum, fuperius albiffimum, pilofum, membranis antherarum obtecta. jigs 4. A44 4€ MARA AL 4464454544 4444 LAL 44 44446444544 ARAM AG 44 46414 AL ARAL 44 444644 44 ARAL AL AL 44 44 AEE 4644644 4644-44-16 In the Syflema Vegetabilium of Linnaus, the laft of his works publifhed under his dire&ion, this plant is fufpected to be a variety of the Vinca minor, a fufpicion for which there appears to be no grounds, and which is con- trary to the united opinion of Botanifts both antient and modern ; the minor it is true has many varieties, but they relate to the colour of the blofloms, and leaves, and the multiplication of the former merely, no alteration is produced in the general habit of the plant, not even by long continued culture; HALLER, in his Ípecific. cha- racter of the major, obferves, that the leaves are finely edged with hairs, fo far as our obfervation extends this is conflant, and may ferve, if any difficulty of difünguifhing them fhould arife, to fettle it, The major, like the mimer, is common enough with us in gardens, but rarely met with wild, yet I have noticed it in feveral places, particularly under Lord Stormont's Park pales, on the left hand fide of the road betwixt Wandfworth and Putney-Common, and in a field near Beckenham, in Kent, where it was certainly in a wild tare. i it flowers in May and June. It is regarded only as an ornamental plant, but fhould be introduced into the garden with caution, as it en= creafes very much, and is apt to over-run and injure others. 4 EM E us N : . ENS x oy Tue xe “SE " mo NRO jen ere 1 CET NP gi ug Pla In AM ae rA I Ron 1 E ILOHO- Nb st d T n % than P» eakmoh byoiog iens ce iiid üitof | Ea uiae 10 sibbiin : 7 mon Nish gre svi atr chiens de | wOlITMA?: Bil Sdauld. nones vot iow bs Mies] ; a entes . sq Deng, 5: lg P bred M doangidi- Vis gt: aptis ego: "ET at 3^ ed ioirw MES 53H pai ; MAN Me es ah cee | yn: m Y |i A SMdUD NI (OU D EID 60 Ail C. 4 AM “aon Barnes Ls giniüol» tant ty udud oils £u d Vinolus wal how's hot taf. 3o Aud P Re Ma DER A UT 8 fer ges MS i ERIT ees x5 efr? Nur dcc wo a LA ND he VO SER xs odi do iguaa. uM "ED toy) sbrintendlot eunt. ehagbaepe! PP 3 2017 ! Md no vlio qi vin un bu. dr End: r Y Y bus emi SaMOLUS VALERANDI. ROUND-LEAVED WATER= PIMPERNEL. SAMOLUS Lin Gen. PL P&NTANDRIA Monoeynia. Cor. hypocrateriformis. Stamina münita fguamulis corolla. Capf. üni- locularis. | Raii Syn. Gen. 18. HERBH FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI FLORE MONOPET ALO. SAMOLUS Valerandi, Lin. Sy. Vegetab. p. 177. Sp. Pl. p. 243. Lh Suec. n. 192. SAMOLUS. Haller Hjf.n. 707. | ANAGALLIS aquatica, rotundo folio non crenato. Baubin. Pin. 2 $25 SAMOLUS Valerandi. Baubh. Hif. 3. p. 791. ALSINE aquatica, foliis rotundis becabuugz. —Morif. Hifl. 2. p. 323. f. 3. t. 24. f. 28. ANAGALLIS aquatica rotundifolia. Ger. emac. 620. 7 ANAGALLIS aquatica tertia Lobelii folio fubrotundo non crenato. Parkins, p. 1237. Rai Sym. 28 Round-leaved Water-Pimpernel Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2.p. 94. Lightfoot FI. Ss p.142. Oeder Fl. Dan. icon. 198. RADIX perennis, fibrofa, alba. | Y ROOT perennial, fibrous, and white. CAULIs dodrantalis, aut pedalis, erectus, rigidulus, teres, i STALK a fpan or a foot in height, upright, fomewhat glaber, plerumque ramofus. rigid, round, fmooth, and generally branched. Y FOLIA alterna, petiolata, ovata, obtufa, integerrima, $ LEAVES alternate, ftanding on foot-ftalks, ovate, ob- nitida, venis paucis, remotis, notata. i tufe, perfectly entire, fhining, marked with : .. few veins, and thofe diftant. PETIOLI breves, lati. y LEAF-STALKS fhort, andbroad. FLORES parvi, albi, fpicati. ¥ FLOWERS fmall, white, growing in fpikes. PEDUNCULI plurimi, fparfi, fubereéti, uniflori, teretes, 3 FLOWER-STALKS numerous, placed in: no regular bractea lanceolata medio inftructi. i order, nearly upright, each fupporting one | i | flower, round, having a fmall pointed floral- Y . leaf growing from the middle of each. CALYX: PrarAwTHIUM quinque-partitum, fuperum, $ CALYX : a Pen1ANTHIUM deeply divided into five feg- bafi obtufum, laciniis erectis, perfiftentibus. ¢ - ments, placed above the germen, blunt at the Jg. 1. Y bafe, the fegments upright and permanent. fig. 1. COROLLA monopetala, hypocrateriformis. Tubus bre- ¥ COROLLA monopetalous, falver-fhaped. Tube: very viffimus, longitudine calycis, patulus. Limbus¥ | fhort, the length of the calyx, open. Liméd planus, quinque-partitus, obtufus. Squamule * flat, deeply divided into five fegments, which quinque, breviffime, ad bafin finus hmbii are obtufe; five very hort. Sca/eg which clofe conniventes, ffg. 2, 3. i inward, are fituated at the mouth of this tube. Jig. 2, 3. | STAMINA: FILAMENTA quinque, brevia, infra laci- ESTAMINA : A fhort Fir aments placed beneath each niam corolla 6ingula. ANTHER# conniventes, y fegment of the corolla. ANTHER# clofing lutez, intra tubum corollz. jig. 4. Í together, of a yellow colour, within the tube Y of the corolla. fg. 4. — PISTILLUM: Germen inferum. Srytvus filiformis, ? PISTILLUM: Germen beneath the calyx. STYLE longitudine fere ftaminum. STIGMA capi- f thread-fhaped, nearly the length of the fta- tatum. fig. 5. Y mina. STIGMA forming a little head. fig. 5. PERICARPIUM: Caf/ula fubrotunda, calyce cinéta,¥SEED-VESSEL: a roundifh Cap/ule, covered by the unilocularis, ore quinquedentato, dentibusy- . calyx, of one cavity, the mouth having five reflexis. jig. 6. ¢ teeth, which turn back. jig. 6. SEMINA plurima, exigua, nigra. Receptaculum globo- 3 SEEDS numerous, ífmall and black. Receptacle round fum, magnum. fig. 7,. 8. Y and large. fig. 7, 8. Of this genus there is at prefent only one known fpecies, and that an inhabitant of every quarter of the globe: neverthelefs, it is found but fparingly with us; but may with certainty be met with on the edges of the wet ditches about Woolwich, Charlton, and Greenwich, more particularly in the road leading from New-crofs ‘Turnpike to the [land of St. Helena, Rotherhithe. It flowers in Fuly. - No particular ufes are attributed to it. m» "es sie Lino: loco cp BUY PaO Pe Iti Uo RH Ba E +i a SER kl E De > $e AEN : jouent T | » T ad qo M A an. T : v e cm —— ANS UNSEREM Ue ennai Ine ig pT b CRADISIU DUST ONUAPN AUS e 334 7133 SUP BR NAHE TRPUN OIN i iter dieti: n ida m uude TOO S DIELS duy " | ELE "bh b5 ec 1 i p deem 45, ny L deu Boer out ada eon QEOLIAUT S "d pores as New. 2d gághau boa waco rte Re ut aa bes epiac xDHot -i00rdt dion | yog : ; tev P " yt j SUN * one abr ic cated ga ihbectsce sent’ May 4 i T ; sys k 7A stas 4 % , : : i RT 6 Lbsihoot. Ads iom NT ayes ca tet panne : [hos sutor: au ead sir von " Men niet saa EMEON nip : OO rati bas sese ttn ii J s ARAM. : ; ! . *|uoupd tos MHguitt diu iur pt eia NS Ieciamh. eros peed sve Boe ponte eld bt "osa dedibd d Es p 25 SOPOT SG oerpiéne diia cine vds Ubapapo Stier UROL. | ae P | x AS Sicisn E xu m p Xr ME | 3S Eo 1 ; gems sua E botte d urstuAe d SAYA Sees (OU SUSDOENIID 16diniUhiasV ES AD ; E. Hd ^ iniit ing devotus hn otl reas) Cows 6bnüp rae ied aude "d | E ew rip ae d ERA NE: ae izsni SLID ithe: 1 D Y : Oe SURE S HG ES HM baies Mors iter ei olo porn AJILIO8DO 3 b5pnuto Ghai etsi ET eC ^) tyi Ep owes $ e oudw a— 1 iU sidiueder: ey Ie ? , EDU orsi Dis TP | Eee od aee eüpitdb pi xSMhS M i , uh 1 Y E wes d 1] abe r. aul $06 6 ! 1 AOI: } fs ! T ieee by ym ERU b'usiselt posae eds a risen: LAIT Pdf teh uS nul. rA A A Won d dg eld cec Ear nA cab qroieaoiety N LU eS d orit hte vies odi singed Lue Seats 6 bie tech: prt! 4 ie iy T "eol de A Poi T othe D T naib M à UE C EET UT r oodd its d dee iib osi d pi Pol 30d wage ^6 pokes yy m jt M i a: ig. EN ? 55 £d Ts Ms E T : BIA | ul ~ iu logo: edd hoo cip Parts. aceto aliut Adit Se ae ceed ; DON Ln shad be 1% e ^g X HESS Wim eee j 3 d EOM dat EMT GTS [wis : bibe n Wy ^ii Sich ape ert Fe A tb Cd Yo 3 ub uer ; * An : Seba ots v bote t. 5 n iude s Bj o0 out | Auk / es yea " m ieu ed Met i Ad SUN Bos steer NI Os d : v JN i gib b i "Mis: 4 [2250 d T. i : JR DUM | LN | i i a | at r P SE " " i 4 iere ET Er : hc: A I E h "TAN r 3 M " : . i Nini: yd n yet " ; iai be oin a ke ¥e M | jin V t] EU Reet, ey [A ^ CERE Ld jd $4 H Ld sy Sx : I 1 t " ^ - ^ n us - . 1 d «en ates: *. Sains gai v» I. HORT T AU, fag CAMPANULA ROTUNDIFOLIA. HEATH BELL-FLOWER. CAMPANULA Lin. Gen. P]. PENTANDRIA Monocynia. Cor. campanulata, fundo claufo valvis ftaminiferis. Stigma trifidum. Caps. infera, poris lateralibus dehifcens. Ra Sys. Gen. 18. HIgRBJE FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI FLORE MONOPET ALO, CAMPANULA rotundifolia folis radicalibus reniformibus, caulinis linearibus. Lin. Sy. Vegetab. p. 173, Sp. Plant. p. 232. Fl. Suec. n. 184. CAMPANULA foliis ferratis, radicalibus cordatis, caulinis lanceolatis. Haller. Hit. 7o1. CAMPANULA retundifotia. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 124. | CAMPANULA sor rotundifolia vulgaris. | Baubin pin. 93. CAMPANULA rotundifolia, Ger. emac. 452. CAMPANULA minor fylveftris rotundifolia. Parkinfon 651. Raii Syn. p. 275. The leffer round. leaved Bell-Bower. Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 95. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 141. RADIX alba, craffiufcula, modice fibrofa, DL white, thickifh, moderately fibrous, fweetifh, repens. * | and creeping. CAULES ex una radice plures, pedales et ultra, fub- STALKS; from the fame root feveral, a foot or more : erecti, debiles, flexuofi, teretes, glabri, folidi, y in height, fomewhat uptight, but weak and lactefícentes, ramofi. i crooked, round, fmooth, folid, milky, and j branched. FOLIA radicalia cordato-reniformia, petiolata, dentato- y LEAVES of the root fomewhat heart or kidney fhaped, ferrata, caulina prope bafin lanceolata, dentata, Y ftanding on footftalks, toothed, or fawed, fumma linearia, integerrima. y thofe of the ftalk near the bafe lanceolate and Y toothed, near the fummit linear and entire. RAMI floriferi, patuli, fimplices feu ramofi, fubnudi. j FLOWER-BRANCHES {preading, fimple or branched, ¥ almoft naked. FLORES perfecte campanulati, czerulei, parum nutantes. i FLOWERS perfe&ly bell-fhaped, of a blue colour, and Y drooping a little. CALYX: PraiAwTHIUM quinquepartitum, erectum, $ CALYX: a Perianruium divided into five fegments, glabrum, fulcatum, perfiftens, laciniis linea- y upright, fmooth, grooved, permanent, the ribus. fig. 1. $ fegments linear. fig. r. COROLLA monopetala, campanulata, limbo quinque- y COROLLA monopetalous, bell-fhaped, divided into fido, laciniis acutis, patentibus. /fe. 2. M five fegments at the brim, which are pointed y and fpreading. jig. 2. STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quinque, capillaria, bre- Y STAMINA: five very fine, fhort FiramenTs inferted viffima, inferta valvularum nectari apicibus ; $ into the tips of the valves of the neary ; ANTHER# filamentis longiores, compreffe, Y ANTHER longer than the filaments, flatten'd, primo purpurafcentes, dein fufca. fig. 3, 4, 5. i at firft purplifh, afterwards brown. jig. 3,4, 5« PISTILLUM : GznwzN inferum, fulcatum; Srvrvs y PISTILLUM: Germew beneath the calyx, grooved ; filiformis; STiGMA tripartitum, oblongum, ¥ STYLE thread-fhaped ; SriGMA oblong, craffiufculum, externe villofum, laciniis revo- y thickifh, externally villous, divided into three lutis. jig. 6, 7, 8. Y fegments which are rolled back. jig. 6, 7, 8. NECTARIUM in fundo corolle, conftruétum valvulis £ NECTARY in the bottom of the corolla, formed of quinque, acutis, conniventibus, receptaculum Y five pointed valves clofing and covering the tegentibus. fig. 5. i receptacle. fig. 5. When the Campanula rotundifolia grows among herbage, its radical leaves, which are of a roundifh figure, at Jeaft compared with moft of the plants of the fame genus, are feldom obferved, unlefs particularly fought for, while thofe of the ftalk are feen by every one to be linear; hence the name of rotundifolia to moft beginners appears abfurd. Linnaus in giving it this name has followed the antient Botanifts, as will appear from con- fulting the fynonyms. This plant, as well as the Efilobium anguftifolium, points out to the ftudent the neceffity of attending to the following botanic axiom, £5ofe blffoms which are on the point of expanfion few the firuclure of the flamina. to the moft advantage, as tbofe which are overblown do that of the fitgma. Subjeét to the fame variation in point of fize with all other plants, it may be found from * two inches to a yard in height, its radical leaves in certain fituations are found without any notches, in which cafe it is more truly rotundifolia s its blofloms alfo vary in their colour, being fometimes found white and fometimes purple. The ftalks and branches, when broken, give out a milky juice, which has a difagreeable fmell. It grows plentifully on heaths, and by the road fides in barren hilly fituations, and flowers from June to | September. à; Having a perennial and a creeping root it 1s eafily cultivated in the Garden. Linnaeus fays agreen pigment is prepared from the flowers, but does not inform us in what manner. * Mr. Lightfoot found it of that height in Scotland. Campanula DOU 272 nat ett, x] le "^. * "n " (537 m^ $w ges t. "t vits Bw "E Ry Lia » N CHIRONIA CENTAU RIUM. CENTAURY. CHIRONIA Lin. Gen: Pl, Pentanpria Monocynia. Cor. rotata: Piffillum declinatum. Stamina tubo corolle infidentia, Anthere demum fpirales. Pericarp. 2-loculare Raii Syn. Gen. 18. HERB FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI FLORE MONOPETALO. CHIRONIA Centaurium. GENTIANA Centaurium corollis quinquefidis infundibuliformibus, caule dichotomo, piftillo fimplici; Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. p. 122. GENTIANA Centaurium. CENTAURIUM minus Bau. Pin. 278. CENTAURIUM minus vulgare. Sp. Plant. p. 332. GENTIANA caule dichotomo ; floribus infundibuliformibus; ftriatis; quinquefidis. FI. Suec. n. 232i Haller; Hifl; n. 648. Scopolt FI. Carn, n. 293: Parkins. 272. CENTAURIUM parvum. Gerard. emac. 547. Rai Syn. p. 286. Small Purple Centory. Hud/ox Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 102. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 152. ee a I Ep po ce EE ha eue Uu Pini a rese a i T RADIX annua, fibrofa, lignofa, flavefcens. : CAULIS fpithamzus, et ultra, ere&us, Mdaques fimplex, glaber, angulofus. : FOLIA oppofita, feffilia, glabra, radicalia oblonga, ¥ apice obtufa, bafi anguftata, caulina ovato- lanceolata, erecta, trinervia, fuperioribus fzepe incurvis. 4444 v + FLORES rofei, corymbofi, ere&i, fefliles. CALYX: Pertanruium monophyllum, quinquefi- dum, erectum, corollz fubagglutinatum, per- fiftens, laciniis fubulatis, fubtriangularibus, membrana connexis, fig. 1, 2. auct. COROLLA monopetala, infundibuliformis, tudus cy- lindraceus, ftriatus, tenuiffimus, calyce duplo longior, limbus quinquepartitus, roieus, laci- 3 niis ovatis; patentibus. jig. 3. A646 AAA HIE AAA Ho) EAR STAMINA: FirAMENTA quinque, alba, filiformia, ex apice tubi enata. ANTHER#@ oblong, in- cumbentes; flavae, demum fpiraliter contorte. Jig. 4» 5, 9. PISTILLUM : GznMEN oblongum, tubum corollz im- plens. Styzus albus, filiformis, germine dimidio brevior, declinatus, aliquando bifidus. d RAE craffum, bilobum, villofum, jig. 7, ; Q9: 66 EERE ERE nS Iv X ke 2 Y Y Y Y Y PERICARPIUM: Carsut& oblonga, acuta, nitida, ¥ tubo corollz obtecta, bilocularis, pon Y Y SEMINA numerofa, parva, fubrotunda, flavefcentia. Í Y ROOT annual, fibrous, woody, and of a yellowifh colour. about feven inches high or more, upright; generally fimple, fmooth, and angular. oppofite, feffile, fmooth, thofe of the root oblong, blunt at the point and narrowed at the bafe; thofe of the ftalk narrow, pointed, upright, three-ribbed, the uppermoft often bent inward. LOWERS rofe-coloured, growing in a corymbus, upright, and feffile. | ALYX: a Perrantruium of one leaf, divided into five fegments, upright, flightly glued to the corolla, permanent, the fegments tapering to a point, fomewhat triangular, conne&ed by a membrane. jig. 1, 2. magnified. COROLLA monopetalous, funnel-fhaped, the tude cy- lyndrical, ftriated, extremely thin, twice the length of the calyx, Zz divided into five feg- ments, of a rofe-colour, the fegments ovate and fpreading. fig. 3. STAMINA: five Firaments, white, thread-fhaped; Ípringing from the top of the tube. An- THERJZE oblong, incumbent, of a yellow co- lour, finally twifted. fig. 4, 5, 6. SIALK LEAVES ee xm YPISTILLUM : Germen oblong, filing the tube of the corolla. SrvrE white, of equal thick- nefs throughout, half the length of the ger- men, inclining to one fide, fometimes bifid. Sricma thick, compofed of two lips and villous. fig. 7, 8, 9. ESSEL: a CarsurtE, of an oblong fhape, pointed, fhining, covered by the tube of the corolla, divifible into two parts, with a cavity in each. SEEDS numerous, fmall, roundifh, of a yellowifly colour. SEED-V Thofe who have been accuftomed to confider this well-known plant as a Genziana; will be ftartled at feeing it here firft announced as a Chironia; but when they come attentively to examine its parts of fruttiftcation, they will wonder how they could'fo readily acquiefce in joining it fo a genus with which its ftru&ure is wholly irrecon- cileable. It agrees perfectly with Linn zus’s character of the genus Chironza, the eflence of which confifts in its twifled Anthere; and it is worthy of obfervation, that the bloffoms of two of the Chironia’s, not unfrequently met with in the gardens of the curious, are of the fame colour as the Centaury. Thefe facts have induced me to add a new genus to the Englif(h Catalogue, whereby this plant fortunately aflumes its proper name *. —— The Centaury grows wild in dry and barren fields, on heaths by the fides of hedges, and fometimes in woods, where it ufaally acquires a greater height. In the neighbourhood of Charlton and Coombe Woods itis not unfrequent, and flowers in ‘Fuly and Augu/i. A variety, with white flowers, is not uncommon. zn. This herb is extremely bitter, with a difagreeable tale, whence, Baron HArrER obferves, the ancients called it fel terre, or gall of the earth. From an idea, however, that all bitters are good ftomachic medicines, it has acquired no {mall degree of medicinal fame, and is particularly recommended in all weaknefles of the Stomach; allo in the Jaundice, Green-ficknefs, Worms, Agues, Gout, Scurvy, &c. : It may be given in fubftance to a drachm; in infufion or decoction to two ounces; the extract to a fcruple. Authors have remarked, that it is a plant very difficult of cultivation. € Centaurea curatus dicitur Chiron, cum Herculis excepti hofpitis * Centaury has it name zevravgioy OF xevraugeroy from Chiron the Centaur, : Sg m JS Ra Meat 5, he ee à j ** pertractandi arma fagitta exciditlet in pedem: quare aliqui Chironion vocant." Plin. I. 25. c. 6. 9. 635. - "T a ee a a TM a ge Pee pn w CHENOPODIUM HygripuM. THORN-APPLE-LEAVED | | GOOSEFOOT. | CHENOPODIUM Lin, Gen. P]. PEN TANDRIA DiGynta. | Cal. 5-phyllus, 5-gonus. Cor.o. Sem. 1 lenticulare, fuperum, Raii Syn. Gen. 5. HERBA FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO (VEL APETALO POTIUS). CHENOPODIUM ZHybridum folis cordatis angulato-acuminatis, racemis ramofis nudis, Lin, Sy. Veget. p. 216. Sp. Pl. p. 319. Fl, Su:c. n. 220. CHENOPODIUM foliis glabris feptangulis, floribus paniculatis. — HaZer. Hf. n. 1583. ATRIPLEX fylveftris latifolia, acutiore folio. — Baus. Pin. 119. CHENOPODIUM Stramonii folio. Vaillant, Paris 36. t. sow CHENOPODIO affinis, folio lato, laciniato, in longiffimum mucronem procurrente, florum ramulis Íparfis, Raw Hift. III. 1235. BLITUM Aceris folio. Pet. H. Brit. 8. 7. ATRIPLEX odore et folio Stramonii minori tamen. Lael. Triwmf. apud fratrem. Raii SU p. 154: Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 105. ij een cd T WO ee eg e E DR RADIX annua, fimplex, fibrofa, fibris plurimis, capil-¥ ROOT annual, fimple and fibrous, fibres numerous, laceis, patentibus. : capillary, and fpreading. CAULIS pedalis, ad bipedalem erectus, ramofus, angu- Y STALK from one to two feet high, upright, branched latus, glaber. Y angular, and perfectly fmooth. FOLIA petiolata, alterna, glabra, fine farina, venofa, ? LEAVES ftanding on foot-ftalks, alternate, Ímooth, 2 fubtriangularia, patentia, utrinque plerumque ¥ without any meal, veiny, fomewhat triangu- tridentata, acuminata, dentibus magnis, re- j lar, fpreading, furnifhed with three teeth on motis. $ each fide, and running out to a long point, Y the teeth large, and diftant from each other. PETIOLI folüs breviores, fubrugofi, inferne convexi, Y LEAF-STALKS {fhorter than the leaves, fomewhat fuperne canaliculati. M wrinkled, convex on the under, and hollow A Y on the upper fide. FLORES paniculati. ! Y FLOWERS growing in a panicle, PANICULA ampla, ramofiffima nuda. | ¥ PANICLE large, very much branched and naked, CALYX: PzniAwTHIUM pentaphyllum, perfitens, T CALY X : Pertanruium of five leaves and perma- foliolis ovatis, obtufiuículis, pulverulentis, + nent, leaves ovate, fomewhat obtufe, mealy, margine membranaceis. Y membranous at the ede, COROLLA nulla. $ COROLLA wanting. STAMINA: Fitamenra quinque fubulata, flavef-¥STAMINA: FirAMENTS five, tapering, yellowifh, the centia, longitudine calycis. ANTHERE di-3 length of the calyx. ANTHERA double, dymz, fübrotundz, flave, fig. 2. Y roundifh, and yellow, f. 2. PISTILLUM: Germen orbiculatum. Srvrvs bipar- Y PISTILLUM: Germen round, but fomewhat fattened, titus, brevis. STIGMATA minima, fubre- ¥ STYLE fhort, bipartite. | STIGMATA very flexa. fig. 3. Y {mall, turned fomewhat back. fig. 3. | SEMEN e nigro caftaneum orbiculare, depreffum, intra ¥ SEED of a dark chefnut colour, orbicular, flattened, calycem. i contained within the calyx. Linnzvs, when he beftowed on this Chenopodium the name Hybridum, had an idea, as may be learned from his Pera Suecica *, that it was a fpurious plant produced from the viride: repeated obfervatious would probably have taught him, that this opinion was too haftily adopted, as the Aydridum hes certainly as great pretenfions to be confidered as an original fpecies, as the viride, the alum, or any other. Indeed it is one of thofe Chenopodiums which varies the leaft of any; and, befides the form of its leaves, which refemble thofe of the Thorn-apple, and its peculiarly branched and naked panicle of flowers, it has a ftrong-and difagreeable fmell, which fome have compared to that of the Thorn-apple: Alfo fown in the garden it produces invariably the likenefs of the original plant. Of all the Ezg///b plants of this genus, and we have them all (thé maritimum excepted) growing wild about London, the environs of which are in many places peculiarly favourable to their growth, this is by far the fcarceft. I have hitherto difcovered it in one place only, and that fparingly, vie. in Batterfea Fields, betwixt the Windnil] Meadow and the road leading to Chelfea Bridge adjoining the gardener's ground. It flowers in Aygu/t. ) It is mentioned, in the third edition of Mr. Ray’s Synopfis, to have been found by Mr. SHERARD on the banks of fome watery pits beyond E/y, and by Mr. Dare about Colchefer. Mr. Hupson defícribes itas growing plenti- fully about Nortd-jieet; and Mr. Licurroor enumerates it among his Scofti/b plants. Some authors fufpé&t it to be poifonous. TRracus, in particular, mentions it as a plant fatal to fwine. * Habet multa communia cum precedente (viride) ut forte olim ab eodem ortum fit, quod racemorum ftru&ura indicat, Fy. Suec, n. 220. p. 80, Cooper L yi ? a 5 UN quss » ets em T cm jette nom TOSS T - ua ^ hdd GE got SPORE Wi EAU” C uat ag tae & , 4 4 ab " NO Sey etd, SEM S ; bead. to A: T- a , 4 ^ Je t VAT: vid i2 ) f ese de D zip n2 ict fe es aes he plat, D BuNIuM BULBOCASTANUM. EARTH=NUT. BUNIUM Lin. Gen, P], Pentanprta Dicynta. Corolla uniformis. Umbella conferta, ~Fruéfus ovatus. Rai Syn. Gen, y1. ÜMBELLIFERJE HERBJE. BUNIUM Bulbocaflanum. Lin. Syf. Vewetab. Pp 229. P UP p. 349. BULBOCASTANUM. Halkr Hifi. n. 783. BULBOCASTANUM. JI. B. III. 2. 30. BULBOCASTANUM majus folio api. Baubin. Pin. 162. BULBOCASTANUM majus et minus. Ger, emac. 1065. NUCULA terreftris major. Parkinf. 893. Raus Syn. p. 209. Earth-nut, Kipper-nut, Pig-nut. Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p.122. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p..156. Oeder. FJ. Dan. t. 220. RADIX perennis, tuberofa, extus caftanei coloris, intus? ROOT perennial, tuberous, on the outfide of a chefnut alba, folida, fibras tum ab imo tum a lateribus y colour, within white, folid, putting forth flen- promens tenues, guftu fubdulci grato, pro-¥ der fibres from the fides as well as the bottom, funde in terra delitefcente. i of an agreeable fweetifh tafte, lying deep in the ground. CAULIS pedalis, ad bipedalem, erectus, teres, firmulus, Y STALK from one to two feet high, upright, round, craffitie penne coracis, fubftriatus, glaber, pe- $ fuffifh, the thicknefs of a crow-quill, flightly nitus viridis, ramofus. ftriated, fmooth, throughout of a green colour, and branched. - FOLIA radicalia longe petiolata, caulina feffilia, omni- Y LEAVES from the root ftanding on long foot-ftalks, € 6 bus tenuiffime divifis, foeniculi modo, faturate ¢ thofe of the ftalk feffile, all of them very finely viridibus, marginibus foliorum ad lentem acu- Y divided like fennel, the fmall leaves edged with. leato-ciliatis, fig. 7. auc?. Spatha brevis, ful-3 prickly hairs, jig. 1. magn. Sheath thort, catus, levis, margine membranacea, albida. j Y {mooth, the edge membranous and wnhitlin. UMBELL plures, univerfalis multiplex raduis feptem $ UMBELLS feveral, the general one compofed of many ad duodecim, fartialis breviflima, conferta, Y rays from feven to twelve; the partial one very «€ radiis circiter duodecim. fhort, the rays about twelve and clofe. INVOLUCRUM univerfale polyphyllum, lineare, breve, 3 INVOLUCRUM : the general one compofed of many feepe nullum; fartiale fetaceum, longitudine ¥ leaves, linear, fhort, often wanting; the par- umbellulae, aliquando nullum. Perzanthiumy tial one fetaceous, the length of the fmall um- jroprium vix manifeftum, Y bel, often wanting. Partial Perianthium ! Y {carcely manifeft. COROLLA univerfalis uniformis, flofculi plerique fer- 3 COROLLA : general Corolla uniform, moft of the tiles; propria Petalis quinque, inflexo-cordatis 7 flowers fertile; individual one compofed of : d ls, heart-fhaped, bent in at top, and zequalibus. fig. 2. Y five Petals, ped, P, Y equal. jig. 2. STAMINA: FrirLAMENTA quinque alba, fubulata, co-$ STAMINA : five Firaments of a white colour, taper- rollalongiora, decidua. ANTHERZ DNE ing, longer than the corolla, deciduous. Axm- flavefcentes. fig. 3. Y THER fimple and yellowifh. fig. 3. PISTILLUM: Germen oblongum, inferum, viride. y PISTILLUM: Germewn oblong, beneath the corolla, SrYvLi duo albi, fuberecti. STIGMATA obtufa. Y of a green colour. STYLEs two, white, Yas 42s | Y nearly upright. . S'rIGMATTA blunt. jig. 4, 5. SEMINA duo, oblongo-ovata, hinc convexa inde plana, SEEDS two, of an oblong-ovate fhape, convex on one glabra, fubaromatica. jig. 6, 7. : fide and flat on the other, fmooth, and fome- i what aromatic. fig. 6, 7. Children are frequently in the practice of digging up and eating the knobby roots of this plant, which, by fome, are fuppofed to refemble the chefnut in its tafte, whence its name of Bulbocafanum. Pigs alfo feek for it with avidity, from which circumftance it has alfo obtained the name of Pzg-mut. — — ' aC i Few of our Umbelliferi have the chara&eriftic marks which diftinguifh the Bunium ; the principal of which are its knobbed root, and finely divided fennel-like leaves. ‘The one which approaches the neareft to it is the Oenantbe ffiulsfa, efpecially when growing on ditch banks, where it is frequently thrown when the ditches are cleanfed, or when it is cultivated in gardens; the roots, 1n fuch fituations, are fo fimilar to thofe of the Bunium, as to deceive even good judges. The radical leaves of the plant are alfo finely divided; it would be no wonder, therefore, if thev fhould be miftaken for the Earth-nut. ! | " paper was publifhed, about a year ago, in one of the Magazines, the London, if I miftake not, in which the toots of the Oenantbe crocata, well known for their poifonous effe&s, were {aid to have been eaten for thofe of this plant. We fufpeét, however, from various circumftances, that they were the toots of the LOS It is our intention to make a more minute enquiry into this matter, and give our reaions more at large for this fufpicion, when we figure that fpecies. a . The Earth-nut with us grows chiefly in woods, paftures, and orchards, and flowers in "fune. | E 2 e 2 Sh bak ae ee Z Mmm v ct p = 3 Ar Ned TAA. "es NANI Luv bili VP T ied bles fy JE m. e "ipd dm " jd TENE : : í Py n 2 =p bis ww CHAROPHYLLUM SYLVESTRE. ComMMon Cow: PARSLEY. CHROPHYLLUM, Lin. Gen. Pi, Penranpvria Dicynta. —— AT L1 "n bh. Involucr. veflexum, concavum. Peto/a inflexo-cordats, — Fry&ub " oblongus, levis. | | Ran Syn, Gem, 11. UMBELLIFERJE HERBZE. — 5. | CELEROPHYLLUM /y/vefre caule levi ftriato, geniculis tumidiufculis, Lin, Syf. Vegetab. p. 238; Sp. Pl. p. 369. Fl. Suc.n 257. . CEREFOLIUM foliis acute dentatis triplicato-pinnatis, glabris, nervis hirfutis. Halk- Hf. n. 748. CHJEROPHYLLUM /ylveflre. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 366. MYRRHIS fylveftris feminibus levibus. Baxhin. Pin. 170: CICUTARIA vulgaris. Dod. Pempt. 701. MYRRHIS fylveftris. Parkinfon, 935. CICUTARIA alba Lugdunenfis. Ger. emac. 1038. Rai Syn. p. 207. Wild Chervil. Hudfon. FL Angl, p.124. Lightfoot PI. Scot. p. 167. | RADIX perennis, craffitie digiti intermedii, ad bafin TROOT perennial, the thicknefs of the middle finger, feepius ramofa, extus pallide fufca, intus al-$ moft commonly branching out from the bafe; bida, fuccum vix laéteum fundens. Y externally of a pale-brown colour, internally : whitifh, full of a juice which can Icarcely be Y called milky. CAULIS bipedalis et ultra, erectus, craffitie digiti mi- } STALK two feet high and upwards, upright; the thick- nimi, fiftulofus, fulcatus, plerumque villofus, $ nefs of the little finger, hollow, grooved, et feepius purpuraícens, ramofus, geniculatus, Y generally villous, and moft commonly purplifh; geniculis paululum incraffatis; rami füberc&i, $ branched, jointed, joints {omewhat thickened ; minus pubefcentes. i Ms nearly upright, lefs hoary than the alk. FOLIA radicalia multiplicato-pinnata, fepe ampliffima ; TLEAVES next the root many times pinnated, often very Coftz hirfute, fiftulofe, dorfo acute angulatz, f large; the Ribs hirfute, fiftulous, forming a antice canaliculate, orteque ex vagina breviy fharp angle on the back, hollow in front, and {triataque, pinnule lanceolate, acute, ferrato- Y arifing from a fhort ftriated fheath; the {mall incife, plerumque hirfute; caulina et ramea¥ pinnz lanceolate, pointed, deeply and irregu- fucceflive minora minufque divifa, ceterum t larly ferrated, generally hirfute, the leaves of fimilia, fuperiora fzpe oppofita aut terna cum the ftalk and branches fucceffively fmaller, and totidem ramis axillaribus. Y lefs divided, in other refpe&s fimilar, the up- i per ones often oppofite or growing three toge- i ther, with as many axillary branches. UMBELL planiufcule, nec denfz, nec plantz ratione UMBELLS flattifh, neither thick nor large for the fize ample, ante anthefin nutantes, radiis compo- of the plant, drooping before the expanfion of fitz a feptem ad octodecim, gracilibus, tereti- the flowers, compofed of feven to eighteen | bus et glabris. Y radi, which are flender, round, and fmooth. INVOLUCRUM univerfale nullum, partiale pentaphyl- YINVOLUCRUM the general one wanting; the partial A€e«€e lum et ultra, foliolis acuminato-ovatis, con- Y one compofed of five leaves or more, which are cavis, glabris, ad oras fubciliatis, umbellulis $ ovate, pointed, hollow, fmooth, fomewhat duplo brevioribus, tandem reflexis. E hairy on the edges, twice as fhort as the {mall + FU Y Y umbells, finally turned back. FLORES inodori, pauci fteriles. ¥ FLOWERS fcentlefs, a few of them barren: COROLLA: PETALA plana, et obverfe ovata, albida, $ COROLLA : PETALs flat, inverfely ovate; whitith, centralium flofculorum fubzqualia, exteriorum Y thofe of the central flowers nearly equal, but vero extimum majus, et fubcordato emargina- Y the outermoft of the outer ones largeft, fome- fuhr foe 14 23 3: B what heart-fhaped and nicked. fg. 1, 2, 3. STAMINA: FILAMENTA quinque albida, brevia et STAMINA : Fitamenrs five, whitith, fhort, and de- caduca. ANTHER# fubrotunde, didymz, fla- $ ciduous. ANTHERE nearly round, double, vefcentes. fig. 4. ¥ aud yellowifh. jiz. 4. PISTILLUM: GerMen inferum, turbinatum, utrinque $ PISTILLUM : GERMEN placed beneath the corolla, compreffiufculum, lucidum; glandula ne&ari- Y broadeft at top, flattifh on both fides, fhining, fera coronatum. STYLI duo, albi, parviufculi. crowned with a nectanferous gland. Strytes STIGMATA fimplicia. jig. 5, 6. two, white and fmall. Sricmara fimple. «€ Sig. 5, 6. SEMINA duo, oblonga, antice fulcata, ceterum teretia, SEEDS two oblong, with a groove in the fore-part, levia, nitida, nigricantia, inodora, fapore vix t round, ímooth, fhining, blackifh, without ullo. fig. 7. i Ícent, and almoft taflelefs. jig. 7. In many parts of the kingdom this plant is well known by the name of Cow-par/Ly, a term we adopt in preference to Cow-weed, or wild Chervil; the former being applicable to the Cow-par/nep alfo, and the latter more properly belonging to the Scandix Cerefolium and odorata. Linnzus’s {pecific character of this Cheerophyllum is only applicable to the upper part of the plant: the lower part of the ftalk, by which itis moft obvioufly diftinguifhed, is ftrongly grooved, and covered with numerous fhort hairs. It is one of the moft common, as well as the earlieft in bloffom, of our umbelliferi, flowering in warm fituations in April, and generally with usin May. It grows chiefly in orchards, paítures, and under hedges. In fheltered fituations it produces a large crop of early foliage; hence it has been recommended by fome writers on agriculture as worthy the attention of the Farmer, more efpecially as cows are faid to be fond of it. To rabbits it is a luxurious treat, as thofe who keep them pretty generally know. In time of fcarcity the young leaves, in fome parts of the kingdom, are ufed asa pot-herb: the Zoz/ed roots are faid to have a poifonous quality, perhaps without any foundation. Linnzus remarks, in his Flora Suecica, that its prefence indicates a fertile foil; and that its flowers are capable of communicating a yellow dye to woollen cloth. A pe kal jecit tt Sd hasc - Sunt 4 i STEERER US d dod hae plate a UN oe. Dita" P ASA. | LIOSQ ! Que ^ ! » Lus n QUOSN Uu orco iow cb. cHunen Ae AMEN $443 zi Mes ie 14 Dy ^ TON. VER : ef Lic sig RET Modo oido. 6 Ba! UU CP hy err. i Gus Era) MYOSURUS MINIMUS. MOUSE-TAIL. MYOSURUS Lm, Gen. Pl. PEN TANDRIA PoLvyGYvNIA. Cal. s-phyllus, bafi adnatus. Ne&aria 5 fubulata, petaliformia. Sem, numerofa. à; Ran Syn. Gen. 15. HERB SEMINE NUDO POLYSPERM E. MYOSURUS minimus. Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. p. 254. Sp. Pl. p. 407. Fl. Suze. n. 276. MYOSURUS. Haller. Hifi. n. 1159. HOLOSTEO adfinis Cauda muris. Bauh. Pin. 190. CAUDA MURINA. Dod. Pempr. 112. RANUNCULUS gramineo folio, flore caudato, feminibus in capitulum fpicatum congeftis. Tournefort ) Inff. 293. MYOSUROS. Daillen. Nov. Gen. p. xo8. t. 4. HOLOSTEUM Loniceri, Cauda muris vocatum. Park, soo. CAUDA MURIS. Gerard. emac. 426. Rati Syn. 2531. Moufe-tail. Lightfoot FY. Scot. p. 179. — Hudfon FI. Angl. ed. 2. p. 136... RADIX annua, fibrofa. Y ROOT annual and fibrous. FOLIA, omnia radicalia, viginti circiter in plantá medize $ LEA VES, all of them radical, about twenty io a plant magnitudinis, erecta, longitudine — inzquali, Y of a middling fize, upright, of unequal length, linearia, fuperne latiora, compreffa, utrinque? linear, broadeft at top, and flattened, faintly obfolete canaliculata, glabra, fubcarnofa, ob- ¥ channeled on each fide, fímooth, iomewhat tufa, e flavo-viridia, bafi rubicunda. y flefhy, blunt, of a yellowifh green colour, Y and reddifh at the bafe. SCAPI quatuor, quinque, aut plures, uniflori, erecti, : FLOWERING-STEMS four, five, or more, each fupport- bipollicares et ultra, foliis longiores, teretes, y ing one flower, upright, two inches or more fuperne paulo craffiores, glabri. ; in length, longer than the leaves, round, | Ímooth, and a little thickeft at the top. CALYX: PzRrawTHIUM pentaphyllum, foliolis ob-Y CALY X: a Perrantuium of five leaves, the leaves longis, obtufis, concavis, herbaceis, patenti- oblong, obtufe, hollow, herbaceous, {preading. 4 4€«€ bus. Unguibus pofüce elongatis, appreflis, Y Claws lengthened out behind, preffed to the acuminatis, fig. 1, 2, $ flowering ftem, and tapering to a point. fig. Y t5 ME . * COROLLA: PETALA quinque, calyce breviora; minu-¥ COROLLA : five PeTArs, fhorter than. the calyx, tiffima, flavefcentia, unguiculata, limbo patente, very minute, of a yellowifh colour, clawed, bafi fubtubulofa, fig. 3. auct. 5. Y the limb fpreading, fomewhat tubular at its i bafe. fig. 3. magn. 5. STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quinque, vel plura, loogitu- 3 STAMINA: Firaments five or more, almoft the dine fere calycis, receptaculo inferta, fili- ¥ length of the calyx, fixed to the receptacle, formia, alba, erecta. ANTHERZ oblongz,y thread-fhaped, white, upright. AwTHERJE lutefcentes. fig. 4. Y oblong and yellowifh. fg. 4. PISTILLUM : Germina numerofa, receptaculo in for- 3 PISTILLUM : Germina numerous, fitting on a re- mam conico-oblongam infidentia. Srvr: nulli. Y ceptacle, of an oblong, conic íhape. SrvrEss | STIGMATA minima, fimplicia. jig. 6. Y p STIGMATA very fmall and fimple. ne au PERICARPIUM nullum. — Receptaculum longiflimum, 3 SEED-VESSEL none. Receptacle very long, ftyle- {tyliforme, feminibus imbricatim | difpofitis y fhaped, covered with feeds, laying one over tectum. fig. 7. 1 another. fig. 7. SEMINA numerofa, compreffa, mucronata. fig. 8, 9. ¥ SEEDS numerous, flat, and pointed. fig. 8, 9. Some of the early Botanifts gave to this plant the name of Mou/e-tail, more from the general appearance of the plant than any particular attention to generic character. TouRNEFORT afterwards arranged it with the Ranuncult, DirLENiUS, not fatished with fuch arrangement, made a diftin& genus of it; which has been adopted by Linnavs. The ftru&ure of the whole fru&ification is fingular, and deferving the attention of the young Botanift; in particular, he fhould be careful to diftinguifh the Corolla from the Stamina. This delicate little annual grows in corn and clover-fields, and by path-fides, efpecially where water has been apt to ftagnate. It is found about [ington, Paddington, and Pancrafi; but with more certainty in the fields about Dulwich, efpecially on the right-hand-fide of Lord/bip-lane, near Dulwich Wood. It flowers in May and une, and ripens it feed in Fu/y and Augu/., ete re dee mah 2 d M cena UL C CRT bi. be Le AO s em ponte ie n ri s A an Bree) erat ts = pop, PREIS sho. $3 vyuHdARINE 5. ~~ v4 Sg ie Li j ods123 alus e edu «0 , f n" D MUIMTYW a Nri j = i T 2 uL * oy =» HO SORE: eta mi Mint Nodes opened He Un ask (XH iS AS » 1 J E ye A. wl) ps ates 1 T» : ae Fern I Ord ELM Mig s 9E duds [ * as D Phi ane sa3bstud à MUA Reba Layered eles he SE: A AE £ n TM 2 RAS M Cp Lt vita: "wu 208 bd] YEN. RT NEN e TRE ae, E RR EE qn P 9 RAT Periis PoRTULA. Water PURSLANE. PEPLIS £m. Gez. P HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Periantb. campanulatum : ore 12-fido. Petala 6; calyci iniferta. Caf. a-lociilatis: Raii Sym Gen. 25. HERB& HEXAPETALZS ET POLYPETALJE VAscULIFERR, PEPLIS Portula floribus apetalis. Lin. Sy. Vi egetab. p. 283. Sp. Php. 474. Fl. Suet. n: 311. PEPLIS petalis fenis, faepiffime apetala. Haller: Hf. n; 8 56; | . ALSINE paluftris minor ferpyllifolia. Banh, fin. 120; | ANAGALLIS Serpyllifolia aquatica. J. B; ill. pw 372: GLAUX aquatica folio fubrotundo: Laefel. p. 106. ic. 20. GLAUX altera fubrotundo folio. Boccone t; 84; Vaillant. Bot. o EM ts 55 GLAUCOIDES paluftre portulace folio, purpureo flore. Michel. p. à1. t. 18- PORTULA. Dillen. Nov. PI. Gen. p. 1.33. t. i ALSINE rotundifolia f; Portulaca aquatica. Ger. em. 614. ALSINE aquatica minor folio oblongo f. Portulaca aquatica. Par. i260. Rai Syn. p. 368. Moe Purflane. Hudjon. Fl. Angl. ed. p. 147. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. pel95. nen ~ us ? = — - = ae ee n RADIX annua, fibrofa. {ROOT annual and fibrous: | CAULIS palmaris et ultra, tetragonus, repens, ramofus y STALK a hand's breadth or more in length, {quare; , levis, rubicundus, geniculatus. i creeping, branched, ínitooth and red; FOLIA oppofita, fubrotunda, petiolata, integerrima, $ LEAVES oppofite, roundifh, ftanding on foot- ftalks; glabra, nervo medio rubicundo. ¥ perfectly entire, fmooth and fhining, the mid- i . . rib reddifh. FLORES oppofiti, axillares, feffiles, minimi. disais oppofite; in the ale of the leaves; feffile i and very {mall. ! CALYX: PrgrANTHIUM monophyllum, campanula-Y CALYX : a PERIAXTHIUM of one leaf, bell-fhaped; tum, perfiftens, maximum, ore duodecimfido, Y permanent, very large (in proportion to the denticulis alternis minoribus, reflexis. fig. 1. petals), the mouth cut info five fegments, of which the alternate ones are leaft and turned Y back. fig. 1. COROLLA: PrTALA raro fex, ovata, minutiffima, rofea, y COROLLA: Prrais feldom fo many as fix; ovate, very calycis fauci inferta. fig. 2. ~ 1 {mall, rofe-coloured, inferted into the mouth Y of the calyx. ffg. 2. ! STAMINA: FrLAMENTA fex, fubulata, brevia. AN- YSTAMINA : fix FiLAMENTSs, tapering and fhort; Aw- THERJE fubrotunde. fig. 3. i _ THER roundifh. fg. 3. PISTILLUM: GERMEN ovatum. Srytus breviffimus.t PISTILLUM: Germen ovate. SryLE very Ííhort, STIGMA orbiculatum. fig. 4. i STIGMA round. fig. 4. PERICARPIUM: Carsura fubrotunda, bilocularis, SEED-VESSEL : a roundith CarsurE of two cavities, tenuiflima, pellucida. fg. 5. i extremely thin and pellucid. fig. s. SEMINA plurima, minima, albida, angulata. fig. 6, SEEDS numerous, very minute; whitifh and angular, Baden hada The numerous fynonyms prefixed to the defcription of this plant fhew in what a variety of lights it has been viewed by different Botanifts. Thofe of early times called it "fine, as they did almoft every plant whofe parts of fructification were fmall, and which bore the moft diftant fimilitude to Chick-weed, . MicHELI and Dirrenius in their refpective Nova Genera wrought much reformation in thefe minute plants; and if they did not arrive at the ultimatum of defcription and figure, they paved the way to it. The Peplis Portula is a very common plant in pools of water that are apt to be dried up in the fummer, particu- Jarly on heaths. It flowers from June to Auguft. Its petals are very minute, and frequently fall fhort of their proper number. ^ OREN d avi oe i Jj ra tru ak : : j j IAN. Fy: Zs Tene Aet en tide iom etl roy tes arm io san ape i 3S ir een ' ; ; : "yu" " ! Moe inis RT Arn ee : r nt ADR obti dried tnter Hee ym om M ! * Male E * 3 3j LETS RUE ATT) Me do ^m WINAAINNS 8 XU SIRS ser nce y oues : irre up. oH v. oe AREE ROT VT " bI Ü MT Mis s c & Np 1 D oen LIT "t. uh d A xr Kot Won rsrobi cT m3 iy eL r EDUC BE rr E mum eh m em E ee TT Pes ER mente ——À oe i E “4 rata —e " 7 a " t ? POLYGONUM AMPHIBIUM. AMPHIBIOUS PERSICARIA. I POLYGONUM Lia. Gen. Pl. OcTANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Cal. o. Cor. s-partita, calycina. Sem. 1. mn Rai Syn. Gen. $. HIERBIE FLORE IMPERTECTO SEU STAMINEO VEL APETALO POTIUS, POLYGONUM ampbibium, floribus pentandris femidigynis, fpica ovata. Op. Pie 37e PL Sueco «341: POLYGONUM foliis ovato lanceolatis ciliatis, fpicis ovatis — Ha/ler Hifl. n. 1565. POTAMOGETON falicis folio. FONTALIS major longifolia. Parkinf. 1254. POTAMOGITON anguftifolium. Ger. emac. 821. Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. p. 312. Baub. pin. 193. PERSICARIA filicis folio perennis, Raii Sys. Perennial Willow-leaved Atfmart, commonly called narrow-leaved Pondwecd. Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 169. Lighifoot Fl. Scot. p. 207. Oeder. FI. Dan. t. 282, Threlkeld Syn. Stirp. Hibern. RADIX perennis, repens, craffitie culmi triticei majoris, ¥ ROOT perennial, creeping, the thicknefs of a large e rubro-fuíca, ex hortis five agris difficillime y wheaten-ftraw, of a reddifh brown colour, eruta, with the greateft difficulty rooted out of gar- . dens or fields; STALK a foot and a half or more in length, bending upward, generally fimple, round, hollow, moft commonly of a red colour, the joints a little fwelled. LEAVES ftanding on footftalks, lanceolate, with a heart-fhaped bafe, flightly hirfute, edged with hairs, harfh to the touch, of a deep green co- Jour, often fpotted, fomewhat waved, alternate, and fpreading. STIPULZ long, not fringed with hairs at the extre- mity, hirfute, forming a fheath, which clofely furrounds the ftalk, PEDUNCULT folitarii, feu gemini, hirfuti, rubri, ad $ FLOWER-STALKS growing fingly, or two together, unum latus compreflo-fulcati, vix terminales. hirfute, red, on one fide flattened, and flightly grooved, not properly terminal. SPICE ruberrime, primo pyramidales, demum ovate. Y SPIKES of the flowers of a bright red colour, at firft pyramidal, afterwards ovate. : a PERIANTHIUM on a footftalk, divided into CAULIS fefquipedalis et ultra, adfcendens,. plerumque fimplex, teres, fiftulofus, feepius ruber, geni- culis tumidiufculis, FOLIA petiolata, cordato-lanceolata, hirfutula, ciliate, rigidula, faturate viridia, fzepe maculata, fub- undulata, alterna, patentia. STIPULZ! longe, muticz, hirfute, vaginantes, caulem arcte cingentes. 4A 4444644445446 44644644 EEA EAA EAE AEA EEA EAL i CALYX: Perrantuium pedicellatum, quinque-parti- Y CALYX tum, coloratum, perfiftens, laciniis ovatis, j five fegments, coloured and permanent, the ' Y . Obtufis, fig.r. Y fegments ovate.and obtufe. I COROLLA nulla. t COROLLA wanting, [0n 5S: a4 STAMINA : FILAMENTA quinque, aut fex, fundo ¥ STAMINA: five Finamenrs inferted into the bottom bd calycis inferta, fubulata, alba, calyce longiora ; y of the calyx, tapering, white, longer than the ANTHERZE didymz ; PorreN album, globo- $ calyx ; AN THER E double; Potten white and - ium, Wes 2; 1 globular. fig. 2. PISTILLUM : Gzermen fübovatum, rubrum; Srvrvs ¢ PISTILLUM : Germen fomewhat ovate, and of a red ad medium ufque divifus; STiGMATA duo, i colour; Sr Yr divided as far as the middle ; rotunda. fig. 3. Y STIGMATA two, round. Vig. SEMEN ovatum, utrinque compreffum, acutum, niti- SEED ovate, flattened on each fide, pointed, gloffy, of dur, e nigro caftaneum. (fic. 4. i ‘a dark chefnut colour. fe. 4. The fpecies of Polygonum here figured acquires the name of ampbibium from its growing both on land and in water; in ponds its leaves ufually float, whence the antient botanifts, regardlefs of its fru&tification, improperly called it a Pondweed, thus Caspar Baunine gives it the name of Potamogeton falicis folio; Ray very properly corrects this error, and calls it Perjficaria Salicis folio perennis. . Of the Perficaria divifion of the genus Polygonum Linnei, this is the’ only one that has a perennial root, a cha- rater which at once diftinguifhes it as a fpecies, befides this it has many peculiarities, the leaves are heart- fhaped at the bafe, with the edges fringed with hairs, they are alfo harfher to the touch than any of the other Perficaria’s, efpecially when the plant grows out of the water, its ftipule more clofely furround the ftalk, which has gene- rally two fpikes of flowers at its extremity, neither of which are perfe&ly terminal, thefe {pikes are more pyra- midal when young, and of a brighter red colour than any of the Ípecies related to it; when it grows in the water the whole plaat becomes {moother and is more difpofed to bloffom ; botanifts have alfo obferved that the ftamina, which when the plant grows on land are longer, are here fhorter than the corolla *. As a weed few plants are more pernicious, Batterfea Fields, in which this plant abounds, bear fufficient tefti- many to the truth of this affertion, as its roots not only creep, but penetrate fo deep into the earth that they are feldom or never eradicated ; in the drier part of the fields it feldom flowers, but in certain Ípots, where the water has fettled in wet feafons, it flowers abundantly in September. From its blofloming thus rarely in arable land it fortunately is a more local plant than many of the fame genus, the feeds of which are either fown or introduced with manure. To atone for its mifchievous effects on land, it contributes highly to ornament ponds, rivers, and pieces of water ; thofe who with to cultivate it for this purpofe need only plant the roots near the water's edge, the plants will quickly find their way into the water, where they muft be fecured from water,fowl, who are fond of its feeds. * This is by no means conftant. m rite) weber: pitedices verd 5 dicia bo VM aree : "mv—K————— ——"— T —— cO —- — ee? BB M M o TEM ~~ r4 ———— —— ee ee oe - at NE »" LUE m Ed cM GN e o c EE cum LÁ8 7 PonvcoNuM CoNnvoLvULus. CLIMBING ^ BuckK*wHEAT. POLYGONUM Lin, Gen. Pl, Octanpria Tricynia. Cal. o. Cor: g-partita, calycinà. Sem. t. angulatum. Ran Syn. Gen. §. HERBH FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO VEL APETÀLO-POTIUS; POLYGONUM Convolvulus folis cordatis, caule volubili angulato, floribus obtufatis. Lin. Sy/t. Vegetabs p-ar3e Sp. Pi pe 522. Bh $866,158 3:44 POLYGONUM caule volubili, foliis fagittatis. Haller, Hifi. n. 1561; POLYGONUM Convolvulus. Scopoli Fl. Carm n. 469. CONVOLVULUS minor femine triangulo. Banh, Pin. 295. HELXINE femine triangulo. ZB. II. 157. , VOLUBILIS nigra. Ger. emac. 863. CONVOLVULUS minor Atriplicis folio. Park. i71. FEGOPYRUM fcandens fylveftre. Ravi Syn. p. 144. Black Bind-weed. Hudjon Fl. Angh ed. 2; p. E Lightfoot Fl. Scot. 208. RADIX annua, fibrofa, fufca. ¥ROOT annual, fibrous, of a brown colour; CAULIS volubilis, tortus, ramofus, ramis alternis, fulcro? STALK twining, twifted, branched, branches altertiate, deftitutus, procumbens, pedalis, id nactus circa ¥ when déeftitute of füpport, procumbent and about ~ calamos et fruticulos ícandit fzpe ad altitudi- 3 a foot in length, when growing about corn or nem ufque humanam. Y fhrubs often reaching the height of fix feet. FOLIA petiolata, fagittata, glabra, integerrima, inferne $ LEAVES ftanding on foot-ftalks, arrow-fháped, fmooth, folitaria, fuperne bina et terna, inferioribus y perfectly entire, on the lower part of the ftalk frequenter coloratis. Y ftanding fingly, on the upper part two and M three together, the lowermoft often coloüred. STIPUL parva, vaginantes, mutice. | X STIPUL E fmall, forming a fheath round the ftalk. FLORES racemofi, pedunculati, in fafciculos pendulos ¥ FLOWERS growing ifi racemi, ftanding on foot-ftalks, difpofiti. and difpofed in pendulous clufters. RACEMI longi, alterni. Yi Y FLOWER-BRANCHES long, and alternate. CALYX: PERIANTHIUM quinquepartitum, perfiftens, 3 CALYX : a PERnrANTHIUM divided into five fegmerits; Jacinus tribus exterioribus majoribus, carinatis, Y and perrnanent, the three oütermoft Íegments viridibus, margine membranaceis, interioribus larger, keeled, green and membranous on the petaliformibus, coloratis. fig. 1. : eo the innermoft petal-like and coloured. : Ted COROLLA nula. /» $COROLLA none. STAMINA: FIiLAMENTA otto, fundo calycis inferta, STAMINA : eight Fir AMEN T$ fixed into the bottom of brevifhma, fubulataa ANTHER@ purpuregz, Y the calyx, very fhort and tapering. ANTHERE didymz. fig. 3. ¥ purple, formed of two lobes. fig. 3. PISTILLUM : GERMEN viride, triquetrum. Styrus $ PISTILLUM : GERMEN green, three-cornered. STYrE breviffimus, ftaminibus paulo brevior. Sricma Y very fhort, not quite fo long as the ftamina: capitatum, trilobum. fig. 4. i STIGMA forming a little head; compofed of i three lobes. fig. 4. PERICARPIUM nullum, calyx femen continens. iSEED-VESSEL none, the calyx containing the feed. SEMEN unicum, trigonum, nigerrimum. //g. 5. i SEED a fingle one, three-cornered, very black. fig. s. Some of the ancient Botanifls, inattentive to the fructification, arrange this plant with the Convoluul/ of Bind: weeds. Ray calls it Fegopyrum candens fylvefire, but retains the old Englifh name of Black Bind-weed, Lixn US claffes it with the Polygenwn, or Knot-grafs, in which genus he alfo includes the Bifforta, the Perficaria, and the Fagopyrum; he could not, perhaps, {cientifically have made more genera of them; yet nature, in all our Englifh plants at leaft, keeps up a ftrong diftin&ion between them, and as the old eftablifhed names of Béfort, Perficaria or Arfmart, Knot-grajs, and Buck-wbeat, have no tendency in them to miflead, we have thought it better, im the prefent inftance, to continue their ufe, than to adopt the new-fangled names of Buck-wheat Kaot-erafi, or Binding Snake-weed. In its fruétification this plant is very fimilar to the Buck-wheat; but differs in having a twining ftalk, with which it frequently twifts round other plants, and proves injurious to them, efpecially in gardens and cultivated fields, where it often grows extremely rampant; in poor land it is an humble plant. It flowers in Fuly and Augu/t. Its feeds afford excellent food for {mall birds. One year I obferved its foliage, together with that of the Paftion Flower, very much eaten by the Ear-w:;g, a well known enemy to certain flowers, and no lefs deftru&tive to Caterpillars, and which, like the Cock-reach, is principally a€tive under the veil of night. v LI - ars. "To t Ae ipd i - EAT LINH E I "743 eMe enm Ew AL me cen "ET. i dial ee ae ee le X Se ew ™ = 2M - -: _ VA = a —— T = eee — — - - ens —"————€—uJ— ~~ ——— n CC Mo —————-—-»—»— n——— \ 1 " 3 - , "-— SILENE ÁNGLICA, ENGcGLIsH CATCHFLVY. SILENE Lin, Gem Pl. DecaXbria RiGYNIA. Cal. ventricofus. Petala 5-unguiculata: coronata ad fauceni, Ca5/. 3-loculariss Raii Syn. Gem 24, HgkBE PENTAPETALM VASCULIFERA, SILENE anglica hirfuta petalis emarginatis, floribus eré&is, fructibus reflexis pedunculatis alternis. Lin, Syft. Vegetàb. p. 350. Sp. Pl. 594. SILENE anglica hirfata petalis fübintegerrimis, floribus fübfpicatis pedunculatis alternis ere&is, fructi- bus divaricato-reflexis. Hud/on Fl, Angl. ed. 2. p. 1 97: 'VISCAGO ceraftii foliis vafculis pendulis Anglica. D///. Elib. 417. f. 309. f. 398. LYCHNIS fylveftris hirfuta annua, flore minore albo. Vail Parif. CADET ON EM LYCHNIS fylveftris flote albo minimo, Rai Syn. p. 339. Small Corn Campión, with a very | Ímall white flower. : | RADIX annua, fimplex. ! ¢ROOT annual and fimple. CAULIS plerumque pedalis, et ultra, erectus, teres, hir- j STALK about a foot or more in height, upright; futus, vifcidus, articulatus, geniculis tumidis, Y round, hirfute, viícid, jointed, the joints ramofus, in horto culta ramofior, debiliorque £ {welled, branched; cultivated in the garden, it evadit, et geniculi magis intumefeunt, ¥ becomes more branched, weaker, and the joints ) 7 more fwelled. RAMI alterni, cauli fimiles. | . Y BRANCHES alternate, like the ftalk. FOLIA oppofita, connata, lanceolata, fübundulata, in- Y LEAVES oppofite, connate, lanceolate, fomewhat waved, tegerrima, hirfutula, fubvifcida, punétis pro- entire, flightly hairy, and fomewhat vifcid, minulis afperula, ad bafin pilis longis ciliata. roughifh, with little prominent points, at the ] Y ... bafe edged with longer hairs. FLORES albidi, minimi, axillares, fubfpicati, pedun- Y FLOWERS whitifh, very fmall, growing from the alae culati. i of the leaves, forming a kind of fpike, ftand- 2C | ae ox ing onfoot-flalks. . | PEDUNCULI varie longitudinis unguiculates et polli- 3 FLOWER-STALKS of various lengths, from half an cares, teretes, fuperne incraffati, vifcidi, primo y inch to an inch, round, thickened upwards, erecti, dein reflexi, demum feminibus maturis Y vifcid, at firft upright, afterwards turned down. - fuberecti. wards, finally, when the feeds are upright, _ becoming nearly upright. CALYX: a Perranruium of one leaf, tubular, having five teeth, which are red at the tips, oblong, *€«€€€ CALYX: Perranriitm monephyllum, tubulofurn, quinquedentatum, dentibus apice rubris, ob- longum, fulcis decem profunde exaratum, pilo- marked with ten deep grooves, hairy, vifcid, .. . fum, vifcidum, perfiftens. fig. 1. _ .and permanent. fig. 1. COROLLA: PETALA quinque Ungues angufti, lon- ¥COROLLA: five PETALs. Claws narrow, the length gitudine calycis. Lamina integta feu emargi- * of the calyx. Lamina entire, or nicked, the nata, lateribus fzpe involutis, fquamula adY fides often rolled in, the ícale at the bafe of _bafin laminze bifida, ere&ta, figs 2. i | the lamina bifid and upright. fe. 2. — - STAMINA: FILAMENTÀ decem, fubulata, alba, ad¥STAMINA: ten FILAMENTS, tapering, white, hairy € KEE AL AE ESE lentem hirfuta. AnriEra# oblong, bilobee, $ when magnified. ANTHER® oblong, formed purpurez. PoL Len album. fig. 3. i E. two lobes and purple. PorrzwN white. | SS D PISTILLUM: GERMEN viride, nitidum, fübeohieum ; $ PISTILEUM ; GERMEN green, fhining, fomewhat co- STYLI tres, albi, ere&i, villofi, germine bre- Y nical. SrYyrLEs three, white, upright, villous, viores. fig. 4, 5. Glandula netarifera ad bafin y fhorter than the germen. fg. 4, 5. A ne&ari- . germinis. fig: 6. 1 ee ferous Gland at the bafe of the germen. jig. 6. PERICARPIUM : CapsuLa ovata, calyce tecta, trilocu- 3 SEED-VESSEL : an ovate CAPsULE, covered by the laris, apice fexfariam dehifcens. fig. 7. 1 calyx, of three cavities, opening at top, with * i fix teeth. fg. 7. . SEMINA plurima, nigricantia, reniformia, ad lentem $ SEEDS numerous, blackifh, kidney-fhaped, rough when afpera. fig. 8. i viewed with a magnifier. fig. 8. The prefent, though not a fhewy plant, may be numbered among the more rare ones in the neighbourhood of London, as well as in many other parts of Great Britains nor does it appear to be common throughout Europe : yet, in particular fpots, it is found in great plenty, as in the corn-fields about Coombe Wood. I have alfo feen it growing in great abundance in the corn-fields near Newfor?, in the [fe of Wight. It flowers in Fuly. DILLentus gives a figure of it in his Hortus Elthamenfis, which is too diminutive: his character of va/cula pendula is not too much to be depended on, fince it frequently happens that they are not fo. ur j Mi o n en " A ; "nda ^ E h i J 1 Te P uot e g^ f Ms. * "m MEM M 7 PE oh sula - Lese Mum EM CMM Sood arose m ax rom (Maya Ris. aea o os Poe * is & BR Eid eos beg oir cM M E e Lor ld mil CPU ae ee om ee — — — ——— RT — ee ee mn "a e ee ee 2 X — 4 Eat m TT Uo- we — -— " — ————— eh - —— qu oÓ— ^ | E N \ D : 3 x | : ne ee 4 { - : RADIX annua, tenuiffima, fibrofa, albida. ARENARIA TRINERVIA. PLANTAIN-LEAVED | CHICKWEED. | ARENARIA Lin, Gen. Pl. DECANDRIA TRIGYNIA.- Cal 5-phyllus, patens. Petala 5, integra. Caf. 1 locularis, polyfperma. Rai Syn. Gen. 24. HERBA PENTAPETALJE VASCULIFERJE. ARENARIA zrinervia foliis ovatis acutis petiolatis netvofis. Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. p. 353. Sp. Pl. p. 6os. Fil. Suec. n. 397. | | ALSINE folus ovato-lanceolatis, trinerviis. Haller. Hf. n. 878. ALSINE Plantaginis folio. I. B. UN. 364. Rati Syn. p. 349. Plantain-leaved Chickweed. Hudfon FI. Angl. ed. 2. p. 191. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 230. Oeder Fl. Dan. t. 429. Ec acl m Lor s ss rut um. o o s o Lus E p Y ROOT annual, very flender, fibrous, and whitifh. CAULES plures, (pithamzi, pedales, et ultra, debiles, 3 STALKS feveral, a fpan, a foot or more in length, weak, teretes, undique pubefcentes, geniculati, ramo- Y downy, all round jointed, and very much fiffimi. i branched. FOLIA oppofita, ovata, acuta, pallide viridia, trinervia, Y LEAVES oppofite, ovate, pointed, of a pale green co- integerrima, margine nervifÍque minutim cilia- lour, three-rib'd, entire, the edge and ribs tis, fupremis feffilibus, inferioribus petiolatis, $ finely fringed with hairs, the uppermoft feffile, «ee crebrioribus, minoribus. i the lowermoft ftanding on foot-ftalks, more Y numerous and {maller. PETIOLI fubalati, marginibus pilofis. i LEAF-STALKS fomewhat winged, the edges hairy. FLORES alterni, folitarii, e dichotomia caulis. ¥ FLOWERS alternate, folitary, proceeding from the 4. forking of the ftalk. PEDUNCULI teretes, pubefcentes, primo erecti, de- ¥ FLOW ER-STALKS round, downy, at firft ere&, finally mum horizontaliter extenfi, apice fubinflexo, et $ horizontally extended, the tip fomewhat bent | paululum incraffato. i in, and a little thickened. CALYX: PzsarANTHIUM pentaphyllum, folis ovato-$ CALYX : a Pertanrutum of five leaves, which are acuminatis, carinatis, pubefcentibus, corolla ¥ _ ovate, running out to a point, keeled, downy, longioribus. fig. 1. ¥ longer than the corolla. fe. 1. COROLLA: PzrALA quinque, parva, alba, obovata, Y COROLLA : five PrTALs, {mall, white, inverfely integra. jig. 2. : ovate and entire. fiz. 2. STAMINA: FiLAMENTA decem, longitudine corolle, 3 STAMINA : ten Firaments, the length of the co- alba, filiformia. AmwTHER4 minute, flavae rolla, white, filiform. ANTHERA very {mall, Jig. 3. and yellow. jig. 3. PISTILLUM: Germew ovatum. STYLI tres, longi- & PISTILLUM : GERMEN ovate. SrYLEs three, the tudine germinis. STIGMATA obtufiufcula. } length of the germen. Stigmata bluntifh. S. Jig. 4. VaL Jf PERICARPIUM : Capfula fubconica, te&a, unilocu- SEED-VESS «M 44 he EL: a Capfule of a fhape fomewhat conic, : Y : laris. Y covered by the calyx, and having one cavity. SEMINA plurima, fubreniformia, planiufcula, g/aber- i SEEDS numerous, fomewhat kidney-fhaped, flattith, rima, nigra. i very {mooth, and black. There exifts a confiderable fimilarity betwixt the prefent plant and the common Chickweed ; the attentive obferver will, however, find them to differ very materially. As a principal part of the profeffed defign of this work is to remove, attending an inveftigation of the Britifh plants, we fhall point out thofe moft ftnking in comparing the two together. The common Chickweed, as its name imports, is found almoft every where, as well in expofed as in fhady fituations ; this, on the contrary, is found with us only in woods, and on the fhady banks furrounding them, and, compared with the other, may be confidered rather as a fcarce plant. The common Chickweed flowers in March and April ; this produces its bloffoms in May and Fune. The common Chickweed has a row of hairs running down each fide of the ftalk; this is uniformly covered with very fhort hairs, {carcely difcernible. ‘The former has a procumbent ftalk; this grows erect. In the former the leaves are not diftinguifhed by any veins or ribs; this, on the contrary, has three ftrong ones, which give them fomewhat the appearance of thofe of Plantain, whence its name. In the former the petals are bifid; in this they are entire. The feeds alfo afford another very ftriking difference: in the common Chickweed they are brown and rough ; while thofe of the ¢rinervia are black, perfe&ly fmooth, and fhining. We know of no particular ufe to which this diminutive plant is applicable. as much as poflible, every difficulty differences which have appeared to us the iut ne A I 5qt arg SARS xA dy, APY P : tu iat d d carbide T "Pale D ae We ERS. 2n. ae A ab CLER ee | e D nai. EU M ld Wis | d 4 . | i5 hel tlhe wm | m * d dori We ies a d : Paes pres PE US ; Tong Fed d a ets H | | E ‘la c bok ibnif ee not us : | itas! 11 nad) areca aor o4. 35 1 e iy Da t i a | | Ar ete) cios geibeaoou, OWE suh. aridiogr "E da £r Uy CONSE ROS 3 ppl mue euo Ln ° : : a Gas bit or 9r bonibai elei DE GO odie PN OMA cur Mu NR | EIER Me Pu tate vlog ruga a JM A jm ken wi A sete KEIXS à 1 sats ME anensi oboe ER mu M bat 6r ad d | Aer eee tole eral 6 M B u Sd ns "EQ; {OD ied Arv P iode 1 «Bb tie IN. WM QN Nt bak Oe an es sili do c. duh d ei Ved) tod gor. T | JL aE ee ee elaub eyelsb so 0 Sl T1320 17 V REIP A ER PME ET LC + oe a a ree f et dey 9M wee ut qus UN ETUR bey Saas ura Lye D B bb dio. digas. oc prias Dp ewbo 3! ‘thy «tin Mantes?) Mon dr | di but e 1920 «idw ORAE a EIS RE. i E 4 Ei PAWNS. otvvo fie pu VT bou edt vd Losveo none 25 i * Sud fin: qu s gniasqe ces 2 nr dia Bini peDUTSPUXE pase oni tins bá FüleDidca - adibalak out hid BTS qd pud e] do NB. Y .efeluaiton oxcial sj ebreduster En ; 7 bes hr T "x d we ; | ] ! : idle gros all eo ELEC vier Mibi cones wily yu Dti wv M "N adl AT us RON Nd iae dU e eA a "19 Freins A 5 a, [1 7 H Pr. Md T b AU Ky / : ; ] 7A sly bso os th 3 bneenanüpis oF t nal HER Eee ded ai de dint Sie: vi bus. ellen C c ARENARIA SERPYLLIFOLIA. 'lHYME-LEAVED CHICKWEED. | ARENARIA Lin. Gen. P]. DEGANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Cal. i-phyllus, patens. Pefa/a 5 integra. Cap/. i-locularis, polyfperma. Rail Syn. Gen. 24. HERBA PENTAPETALJE VASCULIFERJE. ARENARIA /ferpyllifolia folis fubovatis acutis feffilibus, corollis calyce brevioribus, Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. p.353. Sp. Pl. p. 606. Fi. Suec. n. 398. STELLARIA ferpyllifolia. | Scopoli. FI. Cara. n. 544. ALSINE foliis ovato-lanceolatis, fubhirfutis, petalis calyce brevioribus. Haller Hf. n. 875. ALSINE minor multicaulis. Baub Pin. 250. ALSINE minima. Ger. emac. 612. Rai Sym. 349. The leaft Chick-weed. Hudfon. Fl. Angl; p. 191. Ligbtfoot Fl, Scot. p. 230. RADIX annua, fibrofa, albida. ¥ROOT annual, fibrous, and whitith. CAULES plerumque plures, palmares, fuberecti, teretes, i STALKS for the moft part numerous, about four inches pubefcentes, geniculati, ut plurimum fimplices, Y high, nearly upright, round, downy, jointed, apice dichotomi, ramis bifidis. i for the moft part fimple, dichotomous at top, Y branches bifid. FOLIA oppofita, ovata, acuta, feffilia, rigidula, hirfu- ¥ LEAVES oppofite, ovate, pointed, feffile, a little rigid tula, ad lentem ciliata, nervo medio fubtusy and flightly hirfute, vifibly ciliated when mag- confpicuo, inferioribus crebrioribus. Y nified, the mid-rib conípicuous on the under i fide, the lowermoft leaves growing thickeft Y together. FLORES albi, pedunculati. ¥ FLOWERS white, ftanding on foot-ftalks. PEDUNCULI teretes, folis longiores, uniflori, e dicho- ¥ FLOWER-STALKS round, longer than the leaves, iup- tomia caulis, ad unum latus inclinati, fübere&ti. $ porting one flower, proceeding from the fork- t ing of the ftalk, inclined to one fide, and Y nearly upright. CALYX: Perranruium pentaphyllum, foliolis lance-$ CALYX : a PERIANTHIUM of five leaves, which are olatis, acuminatis, hirfutulis, carinatis. jig. by lanceolate, tapering to a point, fomewhat Y hairy and keeled. jig. 1. COROLLA: PzrALA quinque, alba, ovata, obtufa, y COROLLA : five petals, of a white colour, ovate, ob- calyce duplo fere breviora. jig. 2. i tufe, about half the length of the calyx. jig. 2. STAMINA: FILAMENTA decer alba, capillaria, longi- ySTAMINA: ten FrLAMENTS, white, very fine, the tudine corolle. AmwrHEmE fubrotunde, albe, Y length of the corolla. ANTHER# roundifh VH M and white. fig. 3. PISTILLUM: Germen viride, fubrotundum. SryriYPISTILLUM: Germen green, roundifh. STYrLEs three, tres, albi, filiformes refiexi. STIGMATA fim- $ white, filiform and reflexed. Stricmata fim- plicia. jig. 4. . Y le: ios a i : PERICARPIUM: Caf/ula ovata, fubventricofa, te&a, ¥SEED-VESSEL: an ovate Capfule, fomewhat bellying unilecularis, apice quinquefariam feu fexy out at bottom, covered by the calyx, of one fariam dehifcens. jig. 5. cavity, opening at top, with five or fix teeth. er 424644 Fs .SEMINA plurima, minima, reniformia, ad lentem lineis SEEDS numerous, very ímall, kidney-fhaped, beauti- infculptis pulchre reticulata. jig. 6. fully reticulated with impreffed lines, vifible when magnified. fig. 6. «644€ 'This plant, one of the leaft of the genus Arenaria, is very common on walls, among rubbifh, and in dry and barren places. It flowers in "fune. ; Aie There is a neatnefs in it fufficient to recommend it as an ornamental plant for walls, rocks, &c. on which it will grow moft readily. _ j «a Do : The rigidity of its ftalks, and thyme-like form of its leaves, readily diftinguith it from all its congeners. i I es oad HON Aye Aet oe M xt o Vie s x ^ ue kc pae dois PES Mini Se DI eir E VAM (Qin ^N N US MEO Ti mde PES eo^ MET ichs De zd, So exar vie d 1. m 250) fies i “plete ns D Ae e e Ly re oper : Tum risen Lie + ae E (pts ep, us aT SACAR c í SEDUM SEXANGULARE. INSIPID STONECROP. SEDUM Lim Gen. Pl. DEcANDRIA PENTAGYNIA, Cal, 5 dus. Cer. 5 petala. Squame nectarifere 5 ad bafin germinis. Caps. ;. Raii Syn. Gen. 17. HERBJ MULTISILIQUA SEU CORNICULAT E. SEDUM /exangulare folis fubovatis adnato feffilibus gibbis ereCtiufculis fexfariam imbricatis. Liz Sy/t. Vegetab. p. 359. Spec. Plant. p. 620. FI. Suecic. n. 404. SEDUM folis teretibus, ternatis; caulibus fimplicibus trifidis, — Haller. hift. n. 965. SEDUM J/exangulare. Scopoli FI. Carn. n.. $58. SEMPERVIVUM minus vermiculatum infipidum. Baubin. pin. 284. SEDUM minimum luteum non acre. Baubz. bf. 3. p. 695. Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 1. p. 172. RADIX perennis, fibrofa. "en XCAULES bafi repentes, florifer: erecti, tripollicares et ultra, teretes, glabri, punctati, inferne nudi, rubentes. , ROOT perennial and fibrous. STALKS creeping at the bafe, thofe which produce flowers about three inches or more in height, round, fmooth, dotted, below naked and of a reddifh colour: LEAVES oblong, flethy, roundifh, obtufe upright, but bending a little outward, placed one over another in fix rows, efpecialy before the blofloms open, fomewhat rigid, ieffile, as if ftuck to the ftalk, thofe on the lower part of the ftem of a reddifh colour, on the upper part yellowifh, at leaít on the flowering ftalks, infipid. CYMA generally divided into three branches, on each of which are placed from three to five flow- ers, without footftalks. CALYX: a Periantutvm divided into five fegments, which are obtufe, flefhy, and flenderer at the bafe. COROLLA: five yellow Prrats, lance-fhaped, acu- minated {preading, twice the length of the ealyx. fig. 2. STAMINA: ten Frramenrs, tapering, the length | of the corolla; ANrHER#® roundifh, and of a yellowifh colour. fig. 3. 4. PISTILLUM : Germina five, upright, oblong, ter- minating in flender Srvrzs: SriGMATA | fimple. fig. 5. FOLIA oblonga, carnofa, teretiufcula, obtufa, erecto- patentia, fexfariam imbricata, prefertim ante florefcentiam, rigidula, adnato-feffilia, in- ferne rubentia, fuperne caulibus faltem flori- fers e flavo viridia, infipida. 1 CYMA plerumque trifida, floribus 1n fingulo ramulo tribus ad quinque, feflilibus. CALYX: PrenIANTHIUM quinquepartitum, laciniis obtufis, carnofis, bafi tenuioribus. COROLLA: PETALA quinque, flava, lanceolata, acu- minata, calyce duplolongiora, patentia. fig. 2. STAMINA: Firamenra decem, fubulata, longitu- dine corolle; ANTHER# fubrotunda, flavef- - centes. fig. 3. 4. PISTILLUM: GeznMINA quinque, erecta, oblonga, definentia in StyLos tenuiores; STIGMATA fimplicia. fg. 5. 44444444 EEE 4044444 404454444: 446446 444444 4 44 A4 44044 44 4441446 14649 44 46 4644 44 444444 In Dirrewivs's edition of Ray's Synopfis this plant is omitted, and not confidered even ac a variety of the Sedum acre. Mr. Hupsow, in the firft edition of his Flora Anglica, introduced it as a diftin@ fpecies, in which he followed the opinion of Linnzvs ; in his laft edition, without affigning any reafon, he makes it a variety of the Sedum acre; Hatter, however, and Scorori confirm Linnaus’s opinion, and on fuch authority we furely may differ from Mr. Hupson. The conftant want of that biting tafte which gives the name of Wall Pepper to the Sedum acre, has been con- fidered by many of our Englifh Botanifts fufficient to conftirute this a difün& {pecies; for though acrid plants may fometimes become mild, as in the Hydropiper, yet inftances of that kind very rarely occur, but it is not in its tafte alone that the /exangulare differs from the acre, in its leaves we fhall find a fatisfactorv difference, on comparing thefe together as they grow on the flowering ftems of both plants, we find thofe of the acre fhort, broad at the bafe, and at a confiderable diftance afunder, vid. fig. 1. while thofe of the fexangulare are nearly of the . fame thicknefs throughout, longer, and more numerous, vid. fig. 1. we may alfo add, that they are in general much redder, in the young fhoots of the /exangulare the leaves form fix rows or angles, which aie fometimes ftraight and fometimes oblique; no traces of which are vifible in the acre; another circumftance which adds fome weight to the foregoing is, that the acre flowers a fortnight fooner than the fexangulare; the parts of the fructification afford little or no difference, indeed a great famenefs in this refpect runs through the whole genus. We find this plant growing plentifully on Greenwich-park-wall, the fouth fide, near the wettern corner. It flowers about the latter end of June. Usu i s "i Pac. 1 i 4 à ; M co j ; =. | Vutfhucy sid y odd mn iini 4 ifa FE. , ‘a : " ; 4 co i T i A i JN ue ue Y bo - d Ww 1.8); ¢ , : : id A akg m sna | id : te » e ug it da doe dig pnt 4 ci aude D : . : vida aet àlinsiaq E a ) 5 ‘ | A PS 353 t9ft- vetus EL eXAUA : oad, A ji aun : En run 3 oda Mine |e (MANO, $5 E D 3 l Dre "3 n * j re " its iind : imd yate nd m | SEM bao de a él ' 3 ven Inp 25 2ndns - 1 a. ? D D ^ { r ah d d At it tas dod eius dk i d evt, eiim MEAN i; | dniquat as atti e aan x cine AMAA jan oue es : dst. bes MET VAR whos paler Mr sb. Bi coo PULL aba NN | dinde | cuan des oh Em Vcr TE cR A olde wl a RN CIA (Ur me verd Es Bs es D «di d ifa is dtedtag AcS DCUIAUR 4 K GNE Licini t 4 Ap ST T RAO LE i dik? ae inp ders e (5 SE UP ER bt pita babel EX ^ "e i Wd Aj indo mors gen | DAN p. aoi iu Nd ni oen Des C ; uy Ws ». nA artliquRnc fu 1601 A qu. das E Mu dae ie te 12 d C vi Hi ge als DA Ji g E bie ab YA spel et = — po NAD eive pale FW ovd bns ilyeo : 3 diogid à do Seater s TP em 5i eei 3 Sb 127-3 oe e X, E De er i ) ac 205 . os vi nh. 396 E hri Eg bn 10i ead sy pince 2 j A 1 ERA w » 3xreet d usas q lovi i ra MR X odi vi LT ty | M jus Afítmagch s ius eed av al alter d ac iar fox & * we X NP fede aud M^ v5 i P pad li RADIX perennis, fibrofa. CAULES ex una radice plures, palmares et ultra, nunc y Jie dee COROLLA: PzgrArA quinque, alba, calyce duplo y PERICARPIUM: CapsuLa parva, ovata, ca SEMINA plurima, minima, nigricantia. The Spergu bloffoms; the thofe plants which may have fo It grows in moift fituations, I have obferved it growing ou I have alfo found it on Hounflo and Zuguf. About London it is a fcarce plant ; SPERGULA NODOSA. KNOTTED SPURREY. SPERGULA Jin. Gen. P] DECANDRIA PENTAGYNIA; Cal. 5-phyllus. Petala 5 integra. —Caff. ovata, r-locularis, 5-valvis. Raii Syn. Gen. 24. HERBE PENTAPETALE VASCULIFERJE. SPERGULA zodofz foliis oppofitis fubulatis levibus caulibus fimplicibus. Lim. Sy?. Vegetab. p. 363. Sp. Pl. p. 630. ALSINE folus fuperioribus fafciculatis. Haller. Hifl. n. 871. STELLARIA 2odofa. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 545. ALSINE nodofa Germanica. Baub. Pin. p. 251. ALSINE paluftris, ericze folio, polygonoides, articulis crebioribus, flore albo pulchello. Pluk. alm. ZEN RISO Jide SAXIFRAGA paluftris Anglica. Park. 427. ALSINE paluftris foliis tenuiffimis, feu Saxifraga paluftris Anglica. Ger. emac. 567. 568. Ravi Syn. ps 350. Englifh Marfh-Saxifrage. Hudfon Fi. Angl. ed. 2. p. 203. Lightfoot FJ. Scot. p. 244. Y procumbentes, nunc afcendentes, poft floreí- f centiam fepe repentes, fimplices feu ramofi, teretes, tenues, glabri, parce pilofi, pilis ad Y lentem globuliferis, crebris geniculis intercepti, i geniculis tumidis. i FOLIA radicalia plurima, czefpitofa, latte virentia, line-$ LEAVE aria, acuta, uncialia, fubcarnofa, glabra, cau- Y lina inferiora paulo breviora, connata, fuperiora y breviffima, teretiufcula, fafciculata, ex alis¥ prolifera. i Y Y : FLORES albi, delicatuli, in fummis caulibus et ramulis, $ majores quam pro plantule modo. Y Y PEDUNCULI ere&ti, femipollicares. i Y CALYX: Psrianrurum pentaphyllum, foliolis ob-{ longis, concavis, fubpilofis, pis ut in um: Y longiora, ovato-rotundata, integerrima. jig. 2. «€x breviora. ANTHERJE concolores, incumbentes, y primo bilobe, lobis oblongis, parallelis. fig. 3. i plicia, jig. 4. unilocularis, quinquevalvis. i ¥ROOT (Qe en perennial and fibrous. STALKS fíeveral from one root, four inches or more in length, fometimes procumbent, fonetimes nearly upright, after flowering often creeping, fimple or branched, round, flender, fmooth, fparingly haired, the hairs appearing globular at top when magnified, having numerous joints which are £.. . ied. 5 next the root numerous, forming a turf, of a beautiful dark green colour, linear, pointed, about an inch in length, fomewhat flefhy, Ímooth, the lowermoft ftalk-leaves a little longer than the radical ones, joined together at bottom, the uppermoft ftalk-leaves very fhort, from their ale producing fmall tufts of leaves, the rudiments of branches. FLOWERS white, and delicate, fitting on the tops of the ftalks and branches, large in proportion to the fize of the plant. LOWER-STALKS upright, about half an inch in length. ALYX: PrnrANTHIUM compofed of five leaves, which are oblong, hollow, fhghtly hairy, the hairs like thofe on the ftalk. fig. 1. COROLLA compofed of five white petals, twice the length of the calyx, of a roundifh egg-fhape, perfectly entire. fig. 2. Y STAMINA: FrtAMEN'TA decem, fubulata, alba, corolla Y STAMINA: ten FILAMENTS tapering, white, fhorter than the corolla. Aw THERE of the fame colour, lying acrofs the filament, at firft compofed of two oblong lobes parallel to each other. jg. 3. PISTILLUM: GerMen turbinatum. STYLI quinque, Y PISTILLUM: GERMEN broad at bottom, narrow at top. filiformes, villofuli, reflexi. STIGMATA fim- $ SrvLEs five, filiform, flightly villous and reflexed. SricmaTa fimple. jig. 4. Y lyce tecta, : SEED-VESSEL: a fmall ovate CarsuLE covered with the calyx, of one cavity and five valves. Y SEEDS numerous, very minute, of a blackifh colour. la nodofa recommends itfelf to our notice by the beauty of its verdure, and the delicacy of its largenefs and whitenefs of which, joined to its place of growth, ferve alfo to diftinguifh it from me refemblance to it in their foliage. frequently among herbage, and fometimes out of Walls, Rocks, and Stones. t of the wall by the Thames fide, in feveral places betwixt Lambeth and Putney. uw Heath with the Sagina procumbens and Centunculus minimus. lt flowers in July but in the north of England it is very common on the borders of rivulets, and grows generally more upright than with us: a fmall fpecimen of it, in this ftate, is reprefented on the plate. He iur SLE Oengule non aa. Ek ; (a 5s. "Kar de DU — T OPERGULA SAGINOIDES. PEARLwoRT SPURREY. SPERGULA Lin. Gea. Pl. DECANDRIA PENTAGYNIA. Cal. s phylus. Petala 5; integra. Caf. ovata, r-locularis, §-valvis. Rai Syn. Gen. 24. HERBH PENTAPETALZ VASCULIFERE: SPERGULA Jaginoides foliis oppofitis linearibus levibus, pedunculis folitariis longiffimis; caule repente, Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. p. 363. Sp: Pl. 631. ALSINE tenuifolia pediculis florum longiffimis. Vaillant Botan. Paris, p. 8. aii. SPERGULA Jaricina foliis oppofitis fubulatis ciliatis fafciculatis, floribus Me Hudfon Fl. Angl. (das pe 203. SPERGULA CM Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 224. SAXIFRAGA graminea pufilla foliis brevioribus craffioribus et fucculentioribus. Ravi Syn. p. 345? RADIX - perennis, fibrofa. | : ROOT perennial and fibrous. CAULES ex una radice plures, pollicares aut bipolli- Y Y STALKS, feveral arife from one root, an inch or two cares, bafi procumbentes, et ut plurimum re- Y in length, procumbent, and generally creeping pentes, ramofi, teretes, pilis brevibus glandu- at bottom, branched, round, covered with liferis vix confpicuis veftiti. fhort glandular hairs, fearcely vifible. FOLIA radicalia femipollicaria, linearia, acuta, mucrone $ LEAVES next the root about half an inch in length, albido terminata, faturate viridia, glabra, fub- linear, fharp and terminated by à whitifh carnofa, fuperne nuda, inferne et ad oras pilofa, point or briftle, of a deep green colour, fome- pilis glanduliferis ; caulina breviora, connata, what fhining, and rather flefhy, on the upper planiufcula, fubfecunda. fig. 1. fide fmooth, on the under fide, and at the edge, hairy, the hairs terminated by little glands, thofe of the ftalk fhorter, growing together at the bafe, flattifh, and tending fome- what one way. fg. I. PEDUNCULI fubere&i, fimplices, pollicares et ultra, Y FLOWER-STALKS fomewhat upright, fimple, an teretes, ex fufco purpurafcentes, apice nutantes. i inch or more in length, round, of a brownifh purple colour, nodding at top. FLORES albi, pulchelli. FLOWERS white and pretty. CALYX: Periantuium pentaphyllum, perfiftens, fo- EE al HEHE AA 6€ AX Y Y : Y CALYX: a Perianruium of five leaves, permanent, liolis ovato- -oblongis, concavis, obtufis, vifci- f the leaves oval, hollow, obtufe, fomewhat dulis, margine membranaceis. fig. 2A j vifcid, the edge membranous. fü. 24 COROLLA: PETALA quinque, alba, longitudine ca- 3 COROLLA : five white PETALs, the length of the lycis, fubrotunda, integerrima, patentia. fig. 3. Y calyx, of a roundifh fhape, entire at the edge and fpreading. fig. 3. STAMINA: FILAMENTA quinque a decem, fepius $ STAMINA : FILAMENTs from five to ten, but .moft P vero quinque, fubulata, longitudine germinis ; Y commonly five, tapering, the length of the ANTHERZ parve, lutez. fig. 4 $ germen; ANTHERZ fall and yellow. jig. 4. PISTILLUM : Germen obovatum ; m plerumque $ PISTILLUM: GERMEN inverfely ovate; SrYLES ge- quinque, filiformia, villofa, reflexa ; SmicG- Y M nerally five, thread-fhaped, villous and turned MATA fimplicia. fig. 5. Y back ; STIGMATA fimple. jig. 5. PERICARPIUM: Capsuza uni-locularis, quinque- $ Y SEED-VESSEL : a CaPsuLE of one cavity, and three valvis, calyci infidens. valves fitting on the calyx. fig. 6. SEMINA pluri, minima, fuíca, ad lentem punctata. SEEDS numerous, very {mall and pi appearing Sig: 7, 9. dotted when magnified, fig. 7, 8. We are led to confider this plant as the Spergula faginoides of LinNa&us, from its according exa&ly with a minute defcription given of it by VairrLANT in his Botanicon Parifienfe*, to which the former refers, and furely no name was ever more aptly applied, for did not its conípicuous petals praelatos it, it might for ever have paí fied for the Sagina procumbens ; thefe lead us to the plaut, and examination proves it to be a Spergula, inconftant in- deed like many other plants in the number of its ftamina. In its generic charaéter this fpecies of Spergula differs in number only from the Sagina procumbens, it agrees particularly with it in the form of its capfules, fize, and fhape of its feeds, but two obvious fpecific characters at once diftinguifh them, thefe are the fize of the petals, and the pecuiiar hairinefs of the whole plant; in the Sagina procumbens the petals are very fmall, being much fhorter than the calyx, whence they are inconfpicuous ; in the Spergula they are of the fame length as the (hs and, when expanded, become very confpicuous; the Sagina procumbens (which muft not be confounded with the apetala LINNAI) 1S fmooth, while the Spergula has its ftalks, leaves, peduncles and calyx covered with fhort hairs, having little g/odules at their extremities, and which are very diftinguifhable when magnified. It is not uncommon on Putney Heath, and in fimilar fituations about Coomb Wood, Surry; Dr. GoopenouGH difcovered it plentifully on Bag/hot Heath, efpecially on fome banks thrown up on Potnell Warren, near the great Bog at Virginia Water; Mr. Licutroor fhewed it me feveral years ago on Uxbridge Moor; and Mr. Huson mentions it as growing about Cobham and Ejfber in Surry. It flowers from June to Auguft. * Cette plante a le port & les feuilles de r Alfine minima flare fugaci. F. R. H. mais elle s'eleve plus haut. Les tiges et les pedicules des fleurs font ordinauement brunes. Sa fleur n'a qu’ environ 2 lignes de diamétre, Elle eft a 5 petales blancs, entiers ronds, qui ne debordent point le calice & qui font oppofé a fes cantons. Le dn e eft un petit bouton tirant fur Povale, vert pale, furmonté de 5 {tiles blancs, courts difcof:z en etoile, & entonré de 10 Etamines blanches ainfy que leurs fommets. Ces Etamines n'ont pis une ligne de long. Le calice ett parfemé de petits poils tres courts. Il eft decoupé en etoil a 5 parties egales. Cette plante ne s'eleve que depuis “2 jufqu' a 4 pouces, elle pouffe ordinairement plufieurs tiges de fa racine, lefquelles fe couchent d' abord fur Ta terre, & font droites dans le reft de leur longuer. Ses feuilles font liffes, vertes, roides, dures et refemblent affez bien a celles du Knawel ou de |’ E minima fire fugaci. Elle commence a fleurir vers la fin de May & continue en Juin & Juillet. Elle fe trouve dans les fiches qui font au de la 2s Leger entre la forei et le Village de St. Lucien le long du chemin. Elle n'a que le gouft d’herbe, Son fruit s'ouvre ordinairement en 4 & quelquefois 5 lobes de la pointe vers la bafe & contient dans fa cavi:é plufieus femences noiraftre tres menues, Botan. Par. p» 8, Gg. B eitolusi ze oon i lat " Lua Vitanet Mur i ARR. Psp. road Penh Hay ck oe degrees dy bean te di rd en aia B. os E rises dut. 1148 iA’ OUS zr ian. orf. fad : Detada 21958 A 3 ue H Od Pay eq no s a Sey Y: p n [31d éd 46 A m i AN. eek Ao Beem RS * ; drm toi e PAR M PU T NV or emo gen dp Dog Y. E j ; i 321p 1 EP JE a mE RELY Uns a & van Aal rt, pet B ous LU M E LIA .EUPHORBIA EXIGUA. SMALL SPURGE. EUPHORBIA Liz. Gen. Pil. DopECANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Cor. 4 f. 5-petala, calyci infidens. Ca]. 1-phyllus, ventricofus. Capf. 3-cocca. Raii Syn. Gen. 22. HERBA VASCULIFERZE, FLORE TETRAPETALO ANOMALJ/. EUPHORBIA exigua umbella trifida: dichotoma : involucellis lanceolatis, foliis linearibus. Liz. Sy/. Vegetab. p. 375. Sp. Pl. p. 654. . à TITHYMALUS folis linearibus, ftipulis lanceolatis ariftatis. Haller Hif. n. 1048. TITHYMALUS five Efula exigua. Bauh. Pin. p. 295. ESULA exigua Tragi. Ger. emac. 502. TITHYMALUS leptophyllus. Par£f 193. Rai Syn. 313. Dwarf Spurge, or fmall annual Spurge. Hudfon Fl, Angl. ed. 2. p. 208. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 250. RADIX annua, fimplex, paucis fibrillis inftru&a. * ROOT annual, fimple, furnifhed with few fibres. CAULIS erectus, ramofus, foliofiffümus, femipedalis. $ STALK upright, branched, very leafy, about fix inches Y high. RAMI plerumque inferiorem partem caulis tantummodo i BRANCHES generally occupy the lower part of the occupant, oppofiti, fuberecti. Y ftalk only, are oppofite and nearly upright. - FOLIA plurima, apprefia, linearia, obtufiufcula, $ LEAVES numerous, prefíed to the ftalk, linear, and fomewhat obtufe. Y UMBELLA trifida, interdum quadrifida, rarius quinque- Y UMBELL dividing into three branches, fometimes four, - fida, dichotoma. uc rarely five, thofe forked. STIPULZE Uméelle lanceolato-lineares. Y STIPULJE of the general Umbell of.a thape betwixt i lanceolate and linear. — ——— Umnbelluke ovato-oblonge, acuminate, oppo- ¥- ————= of the partial Umbell, of an oblong, ovate fite, feepe inzequales. i fhape, running out to a point, oppofite, and |] Y often irregular. CALYX glabra, perfiftens. fig. 1. audi. i CALYX Ímooth, and permanent. fig. 1. magnified. COROLLA nulla. y COROLLA wanting. NECTARIA quatuor, corniculata, fufca. fig. 2, 3. i NECTARIES four, of a brownifh colour, each fur- nifhed with two little horns. fig. 2, 2a ! Y ) STAMINA plerumque duo vifibilia ; ANTHER@ didy- Y STAMINA generally about two vifible ; ANTHERA me. fig. 4. Y double. jig. 4. PISTILLUM : Germen fubrotundum, petiolatum, nu- y PISTILLUM: Geren roundifh, ftanding on a foot- tans; STrvL1 tres; STIGMA bifidum. jig. 5, 6. ftalk, and drooping; SrvrLrs three; STIGMA bifid. jig. 5, 6. PERICARPIUM : Capsuta tricocca, trilocularis. ¥ SEED-VESSEL, à Capfule with three prominent fides, * and three cavities. SEMEN unicum in fingulo loculamento, nigrum, ru- Y SEED: a fingle one in each cavity, black, and wrinkled. gofum. A€4€€ A4 e€x€4€ This fmall and delicate fpecies of Spurge is often found in Corn-fields about London, efpecially on the Surry fide of the Thames, nor is it uncommon in many other parts of England, It flowers in Fuly and Augufl. The Tithymalus fegetum longifolius of Ray, confidered by Profeflor Marryn in his Plant. Cantab. as the fegetalis of Linnaus, has by fome been thought to be no other than a large frecimen of this plant; Mr. Hupson “makes it a variety of the platyphyllos; fuppofing fuch a plant as the /egeza/zs to exift, it cannot be a variety of the evigua becaufe it has rough Capfules, and its leaves are by far too narrow for the platyphyllos, vid. Jacquin FI. Aufir. V. 3. & 4. who figures them both, and confiders them as diftin& fpecies: | 4 245 VEL OW A X 9 PRÉ air; Mu ze OS t a 244 CLEMATIS VITALBA. TRAVELLER’S JOY. CLEMATIS Lin. Gen. P/. Poryvanpria PENTAGYNIA. | Cal. o. Petala 4. rarius 5. Sem. caudatà, Raii Syn. Gen. 15. HERBÁ SEMINE NUDO POLYSPERMJE. CLEMATIS Vitalba folis pinnatis: foliolis cordatis fcandentibus. Lin. Syff. Vegetab. p. 426. Spec. Pl. 766. CLEMATIS caule {candente, folis pinnatis, ovato lanceolatis, pétali$ coriaceis. Haller Hi. n. 1142: CLEMATIS Vitalba. Scopoli Fl. Carn. p. 669. CLEMATIS fylveftris latifolia. Bauh. Pin. 300. CLEMATIS latifolia feu Atragene quibufdam. ‘Ff. B. IT. 125. CLEMATIS fylveftris latifolia feu Viorna. Parkin: 380. VIORNA Ger. emac. 886. Rai Sym 258. Great Wild Climber, or Traveller’s Joy. Hudfon Fl. Angi. td. 2. p. 239. CAULES plurimi, perennantes, ope petiolorum, fru- f STALKS numerous, perennial, by means of the leaf- tices arborefque vicinos, fcandentes ; junioribus ftalks climbing the adjoining fhrubs and trees; hirfutulis, flexilibus, purpüreis, nodis in- ' the younger ones flightly hirfute, flexible, craffatis ; per etatem craflitie digiti feu polli- purple; the joints enlarged; by age attaining cis, profunde fulcatis, exalbidis, fruticofis. the thickneís of the finger or thumb, deeply grooved, of a whitifh colour and fhrubby. FOLIA pinnata, oppofita, patentia; pinnis duorum pa- $ LEAVES pinnated, oppofite, fpreading, the pinn con- rum cum impari, remotis, cordatis, fubacu- fifting of two pair with an odd one, heart- minatis, integris, ferratis, lobatifve, e viridi fhaped, remote from each other, and running flavefcentibus, nitidulis, fubtus venofis, out to a point, either entire, ferrated, or lobed; of a yellowith green colour, fomewhat fhining; . . and véiny on the, under fide: EAF-STALKS twifted, anfwering the purpofe of à tendril. LOWERING-BRANCHES proceeding from the ala of the Jeaves, in pairs, leafy, branched, di- viding firft into three, and then into two fmaller branches. FLORES pallide fulphurei, odorati. Y FLOWERS of a pale fulphur colour, and fweet-fcented. : CALYX nullus. i CALYX none. COROLLA: PETALA quatuor, cruciata, oblonga, fube- ¥ COROLLA: four Perats crofs-fhaped, oblong; flightly marginata, patentia, fubrevoluta, villofa, fu- Y nicked at the end, fpreading, fomewhat rolled perne pallide fulphurea, inferne virefcentia. y back, villous, on the upper fide of a pale ful- jig. t. i |. phur colour, underneath greenifh. jig. i. STAMINA: Fitamenra plurima, filiformia, fub- $ STAMINA: FirAMENTs numerous, filiform, fome- comprefía, alba, longitudine corollz, erecta; Y what flattened, white; the length of the * PETIOLI contorti, vicem cirrhi fupplentes, ie RACEMI florales ex foliorum alis, conjugati, foliofi ramofi, trifidi, dichotomi. "1j ? 54454444 4-454446 AL EAE LAL LE AH 44 04 9666 ANTHER# Oblongz, albide. fig. 2. ; corolla, upright ; Aw THERE oblong, whitith: | Y Sig. 2. | PISTILLUM : Germina plurima, minima, fubro- 3 PISTILLUM : GERMINA numerous; very mrhinute; tunda, comprefla, definentia in tot SrvLos Y roundifh, flattened, terminating in as many fubulatos, fericeos, longitudine ftaminum ; Y tapering, filky Srvrzs, the length of the STIGMATA fimplicia. fig. 3. veg ty ftamina; STIGMATA fimple. fe. 3: SEMINA plurima, nuda, fubrotanda, comprefla, cau- Y SEEDS numerous, naked, roundifh, flatten'd, ard ters data. fig. 4. y minated by a long feathered tail. jig. 4; The Clematis* Vtalba-- is à very common plant in the more fouthern parts of Europe, it delights in a fituation that is elevated, and in a foil that is chalky, hence it is found more plentifully in fome counties than in others ; It 1s not frequent very near London, but abounds in the hedges atound Croydon, and may be found, though more {paringly, about Charlton, alfo on the left hand fide of the road leading from New-Crofs Turnpike to Lewzbam; near the {pot where the Dép/acus pilofus grows: it flowers in Auguft, and ornaments the hedges with its large branches of downy feedst till the approach of winter: Being a Climber, handfome both in its foliage and feeds, and rapid in its growth, it is oftén made ufé of for Arbours and Bowers in Gardens and Pleafure:Grounds ; for this purpofe young plants fhould be chofen raifed from feeds. This quality, which is ati ufeful one under proper reítrictions, often becomes a noxious one in hedges; where it is apt to fuffocate and deftroy thofe trees and fhrubs which are planted for deferice. School-boys often dry the ftems, when about the thicknefs of the finger, and draw finoke through them inftead of cane, ‘The Farmer alfo ufes the green ftalks to faften his gates with, &c. Harrrm quotes feveral authorities to fhew the Clematis poffefled of confiderable actimohy, fufficiént even ta raife blifters on the fkin, for which purpofe it has fometimes been employed medicinally. A plant of the fame genus, viz. Plammula "ovis (Clematis recta Linmzi] has been introduced into the laft edition of the Edinburgb Difpenfatory, on the authority of Dr. SroRc&, who recommends the leaves to be externally applied; in fordid, ichorous, fungous, and cancerous ulcers, and caries of the bones; and preparations of thein to be taken internally in the head-ach, nocturnal pains of the bones; venereal difeafe, itch and melancholy. * So called from xAnuo, farmentum, a vine twigs T Quafi. Vitis alba; or white Vire: j Hence in fome parts of England the plant is called Old Man's Beards db este bu fF; ini & |y — A | j woe 4h is OM oid : P par Rune: j| Lu e ^ FLUE 5^ Po dois yup OE NA ty So | + eve RANUNCULUS REPENS. CnEEPING CROoWwrooT. RANUNCULUS Lin. Gen. P]. Pony ANDRIA PoLyGynia. Cal. s-phyllus. Petala 5 intra ungues poró mellifero. Sem. nuda. Rai Syn. Gen. 15. HERBJUE SEMINE NUDO POLYSPERM.E. RANUNCULUS repens calycibus patulis, pedunculis fulcatis, ftolonibus repentibus, foliis compofitis. | Lin. Syff. Vegetab. p. 430. Fl. Suec. n. 505. Sp. Pl. 779. RANUNCULUS caule repente radicato, foliis femitrilobatis, lobis petiolatis. Haller. Hf. 1173. RANUNCULUS repens. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 689. RANUNCULUS pratenfis repens hirfutus. Baub. pin. 179. RANUNCULUS pratenfis repens. — Par&inf. 329. RANUNCULUS pratenfis etiamque hortenfis. Ger. emac. 951. Rai Syn. p. 247. Common creeping Crowfoot, or Butter-cups. Hudjon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 240. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 292. RADIX plurimis fibris albentibus conftat. Y ROOT confifts of numerous whitifh fibres. CAULES ex una radice plerumque plures, pedales eti SIALKS generally feveral from one root, a foot or ultra, vàriz magnitudinis, pro ratione loci, te- ¥ more in length, varying in fize according to retiufculi, hirfuti, repentes. $ the place of growth, roundifh, befet with " Y rough hairs, and creeping. PETIOLI longi, hirfuti, ad bafin dilatati. j LEAF-STALKS long, hairy and dilated at the bafe. FOLIA plerumque utrinque hirfuta (etiam glabra oc- y LEAVES generally hairy on both fides (fometimes they currunt) maculis albis fubinde notata, trilo- Y are found {mooth and fhining) frequently bata, lobis petiolatis, bi et tripartitis, lobulis $ marked with white fpots, compofed of three acute dentatis. M lobes, or fmaller leaves which have footftalks, Y thefe are divided into two or three fegments, Y and fharply notched. RAMI floriferi ere&ü, fzepius biflori. y FLOWER-BRANCHES upright, generally fupporting Y two flowers. PEDUNCNLI pubefcentes, ftriati. i FLOWER-STALKS downy and ftriated. CALYX: Perranruium pentaphyllum, foliolis ovatis, ; CALYX: a Perranruium of five leaves, which are concavis, patentibus, pilofis, Ru nou ovate, concave, fpreading, hairy, yellowifh, margine membranaceis, deciduis. ig. 1. Y membranous at the edge, and deciduous. jig. 1. ‘COROLLA: PrrALA quinque, obcordata, puru | COR five PeTALs, inverfely heart-fhaped, | flava, interne nitida. jig. 2. M Ípreading, yellow, fhining on the infide. fig.2. NECTARIUM: Sguamula parva, rotundata, ad bafin g NECTARY a fmall roundifh Scale at the bafe of each cujuívis petali. fig. 3. i petal. fig. 3. STAMINA: FitamentTa plurima, ultra triginta, re- y STAMINA: Filaments numerous, upwards of thirty, ceptaculo inferta, apice paululum dilatata; Aw- Y inferted into the receptacle, dilated a little at THER & Olongo-lineares, comprefiz, incurvate, y top; ANTHER# oblong and fomewhat linear, flave. fig. 4. ¥ flattened, bent inward, and yellow. fg. 4. PISTILLUM: Germrina plurima, in capitulum col- Y PISTILLUM: Germina numerous, collefted into a le&a, compreffa, erecta; Styxis brevibus, y little head, flattened and upright ; terminated acuminatis, apice reflexis terminat ; Sric- i by fhort, pointed Srvrrs, which turn back MATA fimplicia. jig. 5. Y at top, STIGMATA fimple. fig. 5.. SEMEN compreffum, leve, mucronatum. (jig. 6. Y SEED flat, fmooth, with a fmall point. fg. 6. The Ranunculus &ulbofus is a very noxious plant in dry paftures, as the acris is in the moift, and fome of the beft meadows about town ; but where the repens abounds, it is more mifchievous than either of thofe, and it is a plant fo general in its growth, that few meadows or paftures are entirely free from it; it differs from the other two Crowfoots, in having ftalks which run along the ground, and at every joint fending forth roots, and being a plant that will thrive in almoft any foil, it is very apt to become the principal plant of the -palturage, to the great detriment of the farmer, as cattle in general have the greateft averfion to the Crowfoots. From the aftonifhing diverfity of foil and fituation in which this plant is found, the varieties which it affumes are almoft endleís; by che Thames fide it will grow three or four feet high, with a ftem nearly as large as one's thumb; in barren, gravelly fields, it is entirely procumbent, with a ftalk not larger than a {mall wheat ftraw, but in all its various ftates 1 have ever found it to have. a creeping ftalk, and this is a character which it does not lofe by cultivation. Harter, mifled by his pupil WirrrcH*, who fice has retracted his error, fufpe&ted it to be a variety of the buléofus, but the du/bofus was never known to creep, this does wherever its ftalk can touch the ground. Its principal time of flowering is in the month of June, but it may be found in bloffom during moft of the " remaining fummer months. Like the acris and £uibefus it is fometimes found double, but more rarely. fum non in repentem mutari, ut in Obfervationibus Botanicis a. 17477. ps 4. feripferam, nuperiores obfervationes do- Obfervat. de plant. quibufa. 4 cuerunt, Utraque planta diverfitatcs luas conftantes retinet, ab Inn. Linn4:0 nominibus fpecificis optime expreífas, toiting. 1762. * XXXV Ranunculum bulbo | | + 211 E RES Ranuneulu NUMA = /VOFLEND Lund / E - a E ! | I _enaom tei » aM ji Bt EU | pe^ Aen aes FN i Hu ' ; 1 to p ge en | "E Se .. BPR PUB COVERED ae Eee T Rd 1 ; LA RANUNCULUSHEDERACEUS. Ivy-LEAVEDCROWFOOT. RANUNCULUS Lin. Gen. P/. Poryanpria Potyeynia. Cal s-phyllus. Pefala ; intra ungues poro mellifero, Sem. nuda. Rai Syn. Gen. 15. HERBZ SEMINE NUDO POLYSPERMJE. RANUNCULUS Zederateus foliis fabrotundis trilobis integerrimis, caule repente. Lin, Sy. Fegetab p.431 Spec. Pi, p. 781. RANUNCULUS aquaticus hederaceus luteus. Baud. Pin. 180. RANUNCULUS hederaceus rivulorum fe extendens, atra macula notatus, Z7, B. IIL, 792. RANUNCULI aquatilis Vodeas ee Ger. emac. 830. RANUNCULWUS hederaceus aquaticus. Park, 1216. RANUNCULUS aquatilis hederaceus albus. Ra Syn. p. 249. Hudfon Fl. Angl. p. 243. Lightfoot Fi. Scot. p. 294. Oeder Fl. Dan. ic. 219. — RADICES plurimi, fimplices, albidi, in. limum Ve edd: numerous, fimple, whitifh, penetrating deeply funde demiffi. into the mud. CAULES plurimi, teretes, folidi, geniculati, craffiuf- 4STALKS numerous, round, folid, jointed, thickith, culi, repentes, late diffufi. creeping, fpreading wide. FOLIA petiolata, plerumque quinquelobata, fubcarnofa, : LEAVES ftanding on foot-ftalks, generally divided inte nitida, avenia. : five lobes, fomewhat flefhy, fhining, and veinlefs. PETIOLI ad bafin vagina magna, membranacea ine} LEAF. STALKS at the bafe furnifhed with a large ftru&i. membranous fheath. PEDUNCULI axillares, petiolis breviores, uniflori, * FLOWER- STALKS proceeding from the ale of the prinio ere&i, peractà florefcentia verfus terram Y- the leaves fhorter than the leaf-ftalks, fupport- recurvatl. ¥ ing one bloflom, at firft upright, after the i flowering is over, turned back towards the Y ground. FLORES parvi albi. y FLOWERS {mall and white. CALYX: PruiawTHIUM pentaphyllum, foliolis ovatis, ; CALY X : a Periantuium of five leaves, which are margine membranaceis, flavefeentibus. fig. 1. : ap membranous and yellowifh at the edges. Jig. COROLLA: petala quinque alba, oblonga, cbtvfinfeula, | COROLLA: ie white Perats of an oblong fhape, calyce longiora. jig. 2. : fomewhat obtufe, and larger than the calyx. JS. 2. NECTARIUM: Porus nudus prope bafin cujufvis petali. $ j Necralty Y: a naked pore at the bafe of each petal, Ig. 3- | tex: Pare MNA quinque ad decem. An- ¢ STAMINA: FILAMENTS from fivetoten. ANTHERZE THER# oblonga, flave. fig. 4. oblong and yellow. jig. 4. SEMINA plurima, obtufa, fig. 5. in capitula tio [stis numerous, blunt, fg. 5. crouded together in tunda, vicize vulgaris magnitudine fere, denfe ¥ roundifh heads, about the fize of the common ftipata. Y tare, Neither Linnaus, HALLER, nor ScoPorr, mention this plant in their refpective Flora’ s. OEDER figures it in the Fora Danica: the plant he gives us appears as if it had grown in water of fome depth; with us it is moft commonly found fpreading widely on the mud of flow fhallow rivulets, efpecially where the foil is fandy. It flowers during moft of the fummer months. We fometimes meet with the leaves having a dark fpot in the middle of each, and in fome fituations, the bloffoms are much larger than 1n others. —— M — —— MÀ —ÉÁ Roe m DA il oh 247 ui e ax ay ines ap AY ei LT "bg ANA «TR TP —————— En GALEOBDOLON GALEOPSIS. YELLOW ARCHANGEL. GALEOBDOLON Hud/on Fh Angl. DipyNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Raii Syn. Gen. 24. SUFFRUTICES ET HERBM VERTICILLAT.E; GALEOBDOLON Juteum. Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 258. GALEOPSIS Galeobdolon verticillis fexfloris; involucro tetraphyllo. Lm. Sy. Vegetab. p. 446. Spee. PI. p. 810. CARDIACA foliis petiolatis, cordatis, verticillis foliofis. Haller. Hift; 275. LEONURUS Galeobdolon. Scopoli Fl; Carn. n. 705. _ LAMIUM folio oblongo luteum: Baub. Pin. 231. Lamium luteum. Ger. emac. 671. Parkins 606. Rai Syn. p. 240. Yellow Archangel or Dead Nettle..—— GALEOPSIS Galeobdoln. Lightfoot FI. Scot. p. 310. RADIX perentiis, inzqualis, fibras plurimas, SUD perennial, irregular, fending down feveral largifh culas, in terram demittens. fibres. CAULES plures, tetragoni, hirfutuli, fforzferz fubere&ti, ISTALKS feveral, four«cornered, fomewhat hirfute ; pedales feu bipedales, /reriles peractà floref: 1 Y thofe producing flowers nearly upright, a foot centiá, in longum extenduntur, et poftea humi Y or two feet high; thofe deftitute of blofloms, repent. $ after the flowering is over, are extended to a Y great length, and afterwards creep on the i round. FOLIA oppofita, petiolata, hirfutula, inzqualiter fer-§ LEAVES oppofite, ftandiug on foot-(talks, flightly hir- rata, venofa, inferioribus cordatis, quus cine fute, unevenly ferrated, and veiny 5 the lower ovatis, acutis, feffilibus. y ones heart-fhaped, the upper ones ovate, ¥ pointed, and feffile FLORES verticillati, lutei $ FLOWERS growing in dem of a prie colour. VERTICILLI fex, decem aut Stoicis flori, t WHIRLS containing from fix to ten or twelve flowers. CALYX: Involucrum verticillis fubje&um, foliolis tot¥ CALYX: an Involucrum placed under the whirls, com- quot floribus, linearibus, acutis, rigidulis, ad $ pofed of as many leaves as there are flowers, lentem ciliatis, fre. 2. : the leaves linear, pointed, fomewhat rigid, when magnified fringed at the edge. fig. 2. CALYX: PeRIANTHIUM monophyllum, fubcampa- TCALYX: a' PERIANTHIUM of oie leaf, fomewhat nulatum, quinquedentatum, hirfutulum, lineis T bell-fhaped, having five teeth, lightly hirfute, decem elevatis notatum, alternis obfoletis, Y marked with ten elevated lines; alternately dentibus fubzequalibus, acuminatis, fuperiore Y fainteft, the teeth nearly equal, having long ere&o, diflanti, duobus inferioribus reflexo- $ points, the dii upright, and at a dif. patulis. fig. 1. tance from the reft ; the two lowermoft fpread- ing open and turned fomewhat back. fig. 1. COROLLA monopetala, ringens; tudus calyce paulo¥ COROLLA ee and ringent; ¢wbe a little longior, intus purpureus et pilofus; ladsum louger than the calyx, purple and hairy within ; J'perius ere&am, longum, fornicatum, villo- 3 upper lip upright, long, arched, villous, and fum, villifque ciliatum ; zzferzus trifidum, laci- edged with woolly hairs; the lowermoft di- niis inzqualibus, maculatis, media produ&tiore, vided into three unequal fegments which are Jig. 35 4. Ípotted, the middle one longett. fig. 9-43 STAMINA: TED ADOS quatuor, fubulata, flava, fub Y STAMINA: £30; FILAMENTS tapering, of a yellow HIvpe eee TEE labio fuperiore. ANTHERZE lobe, purpu- i colour, under the upper lip, ANTHERZ& rafcentes. Po. en albidum. jg. 5, 6. i compofed of y lobes and purplifh. Potten vv whitifh. fig. PISTILLUM: GzRMEN quadripartitum; STYrLvs fili- * PISTILLUM: GI s an into four parts. STYLE SORES purpureus, Sricma. bifidum, acu- filiform and purple. Sricma bifid and pointed. tum. ; & «€4€€ 7g. SEMINA ARE e fufco nigricantia, nitidula, tri- YSEEDS four, of a brownifh black colour, fomewhat quetra, apice truncata in fundo calycis. ¥ fhining, three cornered, cut of at top, re- Jig. 9. Y maining in the bottom of the calyx. fig. 9. Linnzus, though he enumerates this plant with the Galeopfis tribe, feems to think it not perfe&ly reconcileable with the reft, Hatter and Scoportr difagree in their opinions refpecting it; the one confidering it as a Card/aca, the other as a Leonurus. Mr. Hupson, whom we have followed in this Game in the laft edition of his Bie Anglica, makes a feparate genus of it under the name of Galeobdolon; we adopt the trivial name of Galcopfis iuítead luteum, with a view of making as little innovation as poflible in names. It is always found in Woods and fhady places. In fome parts of EU a1 it is deqneuts by ut not in others: we 4€ The foliage i is fometimes variegated, in which ftate I have obferved it Es a bs ESI appearance ia a garden In cultivating this, as well as all other plants, attention fhould be paid to their natura! place E srowth. , ? P I 5 JEN. l $ ) qM es ANSA Ec -vo- E FL "i Sw e Wn 246 NB 7 STACHYS ARVENSIS. GoRN STACHYS. STACHYS Lin, Gen. Pl. DISYNAMDR GYMNOSPERMIA. Corolle lab. fuper. fornicatum, lab. inferius lateribus reflexum : intermedia mejore emarginata. — Szamina deflorata verfus latera reflexa. Raii Syn. Gen. 14. SurFRUTICEs ET HERBJE VER TICILLATJAE. STACHYS arvenfis verticillis fexfloris, foliis obtufis nudiufculis, corollis longitudine calycis, caule debili. Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. p. 448. Sp. Pl. p. 814. GLECOMA arvenfis. Lin. Fl. Suec. n. 12, Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 1. p. 224. upright Ground-ivy: "TRIXAGO foliis ovatis, cordatis, rotunde dentatis, birfutis. — Ha/lers Hi. n. 2 3I. SIDERITIS alfines trixaginis folio. B. Pin. 233. SIDERITIS hederulz folio. Park. 587. SIDERITIS humilis lato obtüfo folio. Gerard. emac. 699. STACHYS arvenfis minima. Riv. Irr. Mon. icon. Ras Sym. p. 242. Hudfón Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 265. Corn Stachys. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 314. petty lron-wort or All-heal Ocder Fi. Dan. t. 587. RADIX annua, fibrofa. ¥ ROOT annual and fibrous. CAULIS fpithamzeus feu pedalis, inter fegetes, ubi nobif- i STALK a fpan or a foot in height, among the corn cum fepius invenitur, erectus (procumbens feu Y where it is generally found with us upright, debilis rarius obfervatur) ramofus, tetragonus, $ (it is more rarely found weak or procumbent), hirfutus. Rami alterni, oppofiti. Y branched, four cornered, hirfute. Branches Y alternately, oppofite. FOLIA oppofita, petiolata, ovato-cordata, obtufa, ve- i LEAVES oppofite, ftanding on foot-ftalks, ovate, with nofa, hirfuta, obtufe ferrata, fumma fefülia, Y an heart-fhaped bafe, obtufe, veiny, hirfute, i bluntly ferrated, the uppermoft ones feffile. JLORES parvi, carnei, verticillati, fpicati, Y FLOWERS fmall, flefh-coloured, growing in whirls, i and forming a fpike. VERTICILLI circiter fexflori. Y WHIRLS containing fix flowers in each. CALYX: PrnrANTHIUM quinque-dentatum, perfiftens, i CALYX: PerIANTHIUM with five teeth, permanent, patens, hirfutum. jig. r. Y projecting horizontally, and hairy. fg. 1. . COROLLA ringens, parva, calyce paulo longior, pal- Y COROLLA ringent, fmall, a little longer than the lide purpurea, labio fuperiore breviore, obtufo, $ calyx, of a pale purple colour, the upper lip integro, inferiore trifido, laciniis lateralibus bre- fhort, blunt, and entire; the lower one divided vioribus, media majori, rotundata. jig. 2. into three fegments, of which the two fide ones are the fhorteft, the middle one large P and roundifh. fig. 2. | STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quatuor, quorum duo bre- 3 STAMINA: four Firaments, two of which are 4€«€46 4€4€4€4€4€ viora, inferne alba, fuperne purpurea; An- Y Íhorter than the reft, white below, and purple THERE nigricantes; PoLLEN flavum. jig. 3. y above; ANTHERZE blackifh; PoLLen yellow. Y fis. 2 | PISTILLUM : Germen quadripartitum, viride. STv- i PISTILLUM® GERMEN divided into four parts, of a tus longitudine ftaminum. Srticma bifidum, Y green colour. Sry ie the length of the fta- acutum. fig. 4. i mina. SrIGMA bifid and pointed. fig. 4. SEMINA quatuor intra calycem, virefcentia, nigro $ SEEDS four within the calyx, of a greenifh colour, punctata. fig. 5. Y dotted with black. fg. 5. Botanifts, both ancient and modern, feem to have been at a lofs with what genus of plants they fhould clafs this fmall inhabitant of our Corn-fields. At various times, and by various authors, it has been called a Sideritis, a Lamium, a Marrubiafirum, « Glechoma, a Stacbys, and a Trivago. It appears neither to poffefs the ftriking characters of any other genus, nor to afford fufficient diftin&ion to form a genus by itfelf As a fpecies, however, there is no difficulty about it; its place of growth, the fmallnefs of its flowers, and form of its leaves, obvioufly diftinguifh it from any other Englifh plant. It is not uncommon in the Corn-fields about the Oak of Honour and Coomb Woods, and elfewhere about London ; it flowers in Fune, Fuly, and Zuguft. ^ie Geer An iqq ditti ee Ay "IRA Mo ; CAM W ^a (P ayy MA E Ax C Fitna n PL TAChs v dI MI: i EIN "i (ma Hn TP IT i "ror ie 5o ruaiidodui Haan. »4 goa he TO [o vas Je tee pe $ TI anantibr oir ; Ar rity + d . Wi . af rue ot " bts — qe — -—-—— o T - * dii tasdh: — m —X ————À Rom ram o PEPPER: - Áo P —p——n £p.) ir NE cLvptelleto o geret deo PRUNELLA VULGARIS. DSELF*HEAL. PRUNELLA Lin, Gen. P. DinyNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA., Filamenta bifurca: altero apice antherifero, Stigma bifidum. Rai Syn, Gen. 14. SUFFRUTICES ET HERB VERTICILLAT A. PRUNELLA vulgaris folis omnibus ovato-oblongis ferratis petiolatis, Lin. Syf. Vegetab. p. 458. Sp. Pl. 837. Fl. Suec. 540. . BRUNELLA foliis ovatis oblongis calycibus fuperne truncatis. Haller. Hi. n. 277. BRUNELLA vulgaris. Scopok Fl. Carn. 715. PRUNELLA major folio non diffe&o. Baub. pin. 260. PRUNELLA Gerard. emac. 631. PRUNELLA vulgaris, Parkinf. 1680. Raii Sym. p. 238. Common Self-heal. Hudfon. FL Angi. ed. 2. p. 204. Lighifoot Flor. Scot. p. 321. ————À— H——————————MMRNNMNCRNN NE “RADIX annua, fibrofiffima. ¥ ROOT annual, and exceedingly fibrous, CAULIS dodrantalis, pedalis et ultra, erectus, ad bafin ¥ STALK from half a foot, to a foot or more in height, ufque ramotus, geniculatus, geniculis inferiori- Y upright, branched quite down to the bottom, bus radicantibus, fubquadratus, utrinque canali- § jointed, the lowermoft joints fending down culatus, hirfutus, purpurafcens. Y roots, fomewhat iquare, with a deep groove on ¥ each fide, rough and purplifh. RAMI cauli fimiles, adfcendentes, alterne oppofiti, infe- i BRANCHES like the ftalk, bending upward, alternately rioribus longioribus. m. Y oppofite, the lower ones longeft. FOLIA oppofita, petiolata, ovata, plana, patentia, punctis Y LEAVES oppofite, ftanding on footítalks, ovate, flat, prominulis fcabriufcula, obíolete dentata po- Y fpreading, rough with little prominent points, PETIOLI fuperne canaliculati, marginibus Turfugs Y SPICZ terminales, feffiles, fubcylindricz, pollicares, y VERTICILLI fexflon. tius quam ferrata. truncatz, e floribus verticillatis breviter pedi- 4 cellatis et bracteis conítantes. i venofz, ciliate, fubtus hirfutz, fupra glabrze, n4 longius, biangulatum, fupra glabrum, triner- ¥ veum, fubtus ftriatum, angulis ciliatis, bilabia- tum; labio fuperiore depreffo-plano, truncato, crenato, minutim tridentato, lateribus planis, faintly indented on the edge, rather than fawed. LEAF-STALKS hollow above, and hairy on the edges. SPIKES terminal, teffile, fomewhat cylindrical, about an inch in length, as if cut off at top, compofed of floral leaves and flowers ftanding on (hort foot- ftalks. Y BRACTE/® cordate, latze, acuminate, fubdiaphane, ¢ FLORAL-LEAVES heart(haped, broad and pointed, fomewhat traufparent, veiny, edged with hairs, hirfute on the under fide, {mooth and fnining above. "A Y WHIRLS fix flowers in each. CALYX: Prrianrutum tubulatum, bracteis paulo Y CALYX: a tubular Pertanruium, fomewhat longer than the floral-leaves, angular on each fide, Ímooth above, with three faint ribs, ftriated bes low, the angles edged with hairs, compofed of two lips, the uppermoft of which is flat, and «X € AX 4€ «€ inferiore anguftiore, bifido, laciniis acuminatis. y Jig. 1. fomewhat depreffed, cut off at top, terminated by three fmall teeth, the fides flat, the lower lip narrower, bifid, the legments long and [ Y pointed. jig. r. ‘COROLLA violacea, caduca, monopetala, ringens, pars * COROLLA of a violet colour, eafily falling, monopeta- tubulofa calyce paulo longior, labium fuperius y lous and ringent, the tubular parta little longer concavum, integrum, fuperne villofum, infe- than the calyx, the upper lip hollow, entire, rius trifidum, laciniis lateralibus integris, de- and villous above, the lower lip divided into flexis, intermedia erecta, rotundata, denticulata, three fegments, of which the fide-ones are figs 2. entire aud bend downward, the middle one up- right, round, and finely toothed. fe. 2. STAMINA: Firamenta quatuor, fubulata, violacea, Y STAMINA: four FiL AMENS, tapering, of a violet co- bifurca, quorum duo breviora; ANTHERS bi- lour, forked at top, of which two are longer lobz, lobis divergentibus, furcá interiore infi- than the others; AN THER E compoied of two dentes. fig. 3. lobes, which diverge and fit on the inner fork. PISTILLUM: GzRMEN quadripartitum, glandulA cre. natà cintum; STvLus filiformis, longitu- «€ ; Vigo. PISTILLUM: GERMEN divided into four parts, fur- rounded by a notched gland; Sryve filiform, dine ftaminum; STiGMA bifidum, acutum. the length ofthe ftamina; Sricma bifid and Wei ds 55 03 77. pointed. fig. 4, 5, 6, 7. SEMINA quatuor, ovata, parva, obtufe angulata, glabra, jSEEDS four, ovate, fmall, obtufely angular, fmooth, fuíca, mucrone albo terminata. fe. 8. brown, and terminated by a white point. fr. 8 ? Ó T ? y P g s 446444 0A AA 66466 eA In many of the natural claffes of plants, the feveral genera approximate fo much, that it is difficult to Gnd out a character which fhall obvioully diftinguifh them; fuch a character is however afforded in the prefent plant. If the filaments are examined, each of them will be found forked at the extremity, and the anthera fuftained on the inner- moft divifion of the fork ; befides this curious and uncommon ftruéture, the middle fegment of the lower lip is finely toothed. This is noticed by TouRNEForRT in his figures of this genus, but the former wholly omitted. It did not however efcape the penetrating Linnaus, who confiders it as the effential character of the Prunella; nox is the calyx in this plant undeferving of our attention, whether we confider its ftruQure, or the fingular manner in which it clofes up to preferve the feeds. The Se/f-4eal has an herbaceous roughith tafte, and hence ftands recommended in alvine fluxes; it has been principally celebrated as a vulnerary, whence its name, and in gargarifms for apthe, and inflammations of the fauces. JLewiss Di/p. p. 205. It grows very commonly in meadows and paftures, and flowers in June and July. Its bloffoms, which are ufually of a violet colour, are fometimes found white, and fometimes red. According to Linnavs’s experiments, kine, goats, and fheep, eat it ; but horfes refufe it, Mou oh ^ 1 4 ac dtl i Ri nine imer i id ii o PE ^: eiue is x idan | z u Ohaus, 3 ih during, — 12 pic ADG sun cht e "E id Rogge à parva cereali iie a selina hoes IMAS - 3 ; aget eudeeaiY NEL sn fu Ty 3i HO. M03. ^is dan silicon “ne . ae eut A fre a aagul ors * Ja & aliaics ae auth} vu AF Me ety P ud r iv *» sre aud pir eT t^ “ otal (A Vr s A E yams 2 tise oim. ivo : l2 moe 1 ; : E - ie ; i - f 4 Brno pragma ai gh y Jes nb etd pn TIRE Up sadness eC : 23 oN a ern y xb: n - a sa bt Ae j RAT: teet d xi) A t3 ; ki nt d jg 35. oe MER Hal SE Ene a d Ss ke ee n : aude us sat besos i ; : uS se wf diio Ds? AH , dois 5.3 ri " UI p< E ELM "n : if V3 RM TREE y! | bx, MERC oo UIS e Saale ien «qa joo poris Pa d md E yd xü basd ohio Adariqu 4.1 | pu E An ibothatd 19:85 dai - giad dui: md | pborseritys Oh OR iav aiv sienemoned^ 2 te! SEES: Hike viuis fine toi ander, PES ud puo , Wore Of volsihitog 5 Har un eite E Megs nas Aet: A051 miodi ant nio 3ubastt: ino des be 4$ no cna d:ipchis,. aide. pws auhic but Tiri 9 qi a eee emits T ybi Sae ey eco o bd prt stmt bus EE "aud: quivis neehis bx . plis. do beat 2 gi) jn gebat pem ddl de" set An Np key. A a Puke edi ned? deguc! ilis ative 2 eta nodi ha Wiselenn * 30 iUis rZ Miss i2. "ito bas agit oxidase bategquea Dep oOR- 2U P HW LS won biti » m L otis Joa d uw ^ E NR s = V ow Tage we E treni 4 AM! ce ". B ^ 4 3 d rc -— BIS ui Lo buda =i & * UH P d "e ivan o t tea py joa dit s id T 7 à Ys ut teers gay D oe dis )&OS Nd ON U pec ixi, scary ex iy "ud bur “wi AN D er xps ant TURIN Bis HN Pica ond | éco rA ‘vids FIRST Tia " bala. (5 MOS ibas wae bono sdctbonaictar if: tenes m age ele. Hos aneit Tite hits dative) are T MCI, REDE LR sit s ue Sigibest rst ers veluti pec PERRA ou" m d imer aisbseid s A ul Towel TS B. ico Ac i yel Eo NE "s -— ‘bat wc w 5 pice Qo hos. diaion Stage 8 tee j : ‘ 1 ndr Aid x. in KP Pre Bi quctoo s: Iur do E. ag. "hh (o y» iy dead Rc ‘ome man v iuv CUT A | d be wpled vb bids ies ‘dein id PM ; E * bobina. eal sd iste’. bas. oor og: ERN Up UC OMNEM T. oou TNI orem s | * ‘ ] 2 MEC , 4 TAN S ARN INT CU a Rie MES Qc NT Cice oh he? : d d gne dd pes vl m pri IM utfvenibrum woe ist rrr. T - ah « he - PM n a : A i i Ae Y ns J "Mos Y n y E vv rm Spates at 20 eed ue dena M brad lenia: VER. Pee i d ME sie wd. á i. eee y £^ A^ Do : V. Ls een y ps mt. 1. PG AN. en eee eae dd s guod iie - m ae ‘it on i P E ui Y nm M uiua: isi ut itis adf "ed. ET 103 eH Ta edi qu ih aves a 1 oue on , ' ‘HA ax f Y si 9 dr net o p d apu ora T. (d oe y, AE op HR: aiino ; itu ed EE i MIA os. fien axle : it ELLE aM SR RF irem ROR URIs [401 fuot e i | nox d ad E dava "n iani poo Sat. e ns a TE jani shes i eet? & pater Yeas nae | "META 4 VY viis a y ing Led a - x d Scu TELLARIA MINOR. SMALL HOODED* | WILLOW HERB, SCUTELLARIA Lin. Gen. Pl, DipynaMia GYMNOSPERMIA: Calyx ore integro: poft florefcentidm claufo, operculato. Rai Sym; Gen. 14. SUFFRUTICES ET HEKBJE VERTICILLAT JE. SCUTELLARIA *inor folis cofdato-ovatis fubintegerrimis, floribus axillaribus. Lin. 5f. F. egetab; p.457. Sp. Plant. p. 835. | i CASSIDA paluftris mininia flore purpurafcente. Tourn. Hf. p. 410 LYSIMACHIA galeticulata minor. Raitt Hifi. §72. Syn. 244. The lefler-hooded Loofeftrife. GRATIOLA ]latifolia. Gerard: emac. 585: GRATIOLA latifolia feu noftras minor Parkins. 22i. Hudfom, Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 265. Lightfoot Fil, Scot. p. 320. RADIX perennis, repens, alba. ¥ROOT perennial, creeping, and white. ' CAULIS erectus, palmaris, fefquipalmaris, et ultra, fim- § STALK upright, a hand’s breadth, fix inches, or more plex, fetvramofus, in horto ramofiffimus evadit, Y — in height, fimple or branched, in the garden tetragotius, rigidulus, fubhirfutus, bafi purpu-¢ - becoming very much fo, four-cornered, fome- rafcens. Y what rigid and hirfute, purplifh at the bafe. FOLIA oppofita, fübfecunda, brevifhime petiolata, cor- £ LEAVES oppofite, with a tendency to grow one way; dato-ovata, obtufa, fubintegerrima, in opacis ¥ ftanding on very fhort foot-ftalks, heart-fhaped, glabra; in apricis hirfuta, et fubinde rubentia. ¥ ovate, obtufe, almoft entire on the edges, in fhady fituations fmooth, in expofed ones hirfute, and fometimes reddifh. FLORES parvi, carfiei, axillares, bini, pedunculati, pe- & FLOWERS {mall, of a pale red colour, growing by dunculis calyce longioribus. Y pairs in the ale of the leaves, ftanding on j foot-ftalks longer than the calyx. CALYX: Pertanruium monophyllum, breviffimum, y CALY X : a PEurANTHIUM of oneleaf, very fhort, hir- Eee hirfutum, ore bilabiato, integro, fquamula in- $ fute, the mouth compofed of two lips and en- cumberite operculi inftar claufili. fig. 1. 1 ae with a fmall fcale lke a lid refting on it. DELI. COROLLA monopetala, ringens, labium fuperius tri- ¥ COROLLA monopetalous, and ringent, the upper lip fidum; fuperne villofum, Jaciniis fubeequalibus, Y trifid, and villous above, the fegments nearly intermedia concavà emarginata, lateralibus re- y equal, the intermediate one hollow and nicked, motiufculis, nec intermediz fubjectis ficut inY the fide ones fomewhat diftant from each other, galericulata. fig. 2. inferius latius, emarginatum, not placed under the intermediate one as in the pun&is et lineolis rubris pulchre variegatum. 3 galericulata. fig. 2. the lower lip broader, with fig. 3s i a fingle notch, and prettily variegated with red mu" lines and dots. jig. 3. STAMINA: Fir^MENTA quatuor, alba, fub labio fa- ¥ STAMINA : four FizAMENTs, of a white colour, hid periore recondita, quorum duo longiora. AN-y under the upper lip, two of which are longer THERJE minime, albz, ad lentem hirfutule.¥ , than the other two. ANTHER# very minute, fig. 4. M white, and flightly hirfute, when magnified. ¥ Jig. 4. " PISTILLUM: GerrMen quadnpartitum. Sryrus y PISTILLUM : GERMEN divided into four parts. STYLE albus, longitudine ftaminum, fuperne paulu- ¥ white, the length of the ftamina, thickened lumincraflatus. Sriema fimplex, incurvatum, Y alittleabove. Sricma fimple, a little hooked, acuminatum. fig. 5. M and pointed. fig. 5. PERICARPIUM nullum, calyx continens Y SEED-VESSEL none, thecalyx containing four feeds. SEMINA quatuor, fubrotunda, ad lentem afpera. jig. 6. YSEEDS of m fhape, appearing rough when mags : Y nified. jig. 6. | NECTARIUM glandula aurantiaca ad bafin germinis. NECTARY : an orange-coloured gland at the bafe of fig. 7. | + the germen. jig. 7. GERARD, our countryman, appears to have been the difcoverer of this Ípecies, to which he gives the names of Gratiola latifolia. PARKINSON, who confidered it as a plant peculiar to this country, adds to them the epithet of noftras. 'ToumNEFORT, afterwards enumerating the plants growing about Paris, mentions it as growing with themr in feveral places; neverthelefs it is not common throughout Europe. Indeed LiNw eus, in his Species Plantarum, exprefsly lays, babitat in Anglia. GER ARD's referring a plant to another genus, fo obvioufly fimilar in its parts of fructification to what was then called Lyfimachia galericulata fhews, that little attention was paid to thofe parts at that time ; nor was he very fortunate in applying to the leaves of fo {mall a plant the name of /atifo/ia. Had Linnmus frequently {een and cultivated this plant, as we have had opportunity of doing, he would have expreffed no doubt of its being too nearly related to the galericulata and baflifolta. Vid. Spec. Plant. Im the time of old Gerann, this fpecies was found on Hampflead Heath, and on tome of the boggy parts of that Heath it ftill exifts ; but is more plentifully met with in fimilar fituations, on Pugey and Shirley Commons. —— It fowersin July, Auguft, and September. On Sézrley Common we have {een it much larger than the fpecimen figured ; and this fummer found a fingle plant which had blue flowers. 263 v PA ye 292 EDU, A = EN Ba any SON Le ü ORoBANCHE MAJOR. Common BROOM-RAPE. OROBANCHE Lin. Gin. Pl; DiDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA, Cal bifidus. Cor. ringens. Casi. unilocularis, bivalvis, polvípernia; dD Te sah ed 3 J Glandula fab bafi germinis. Raii Syn. Gen. 18. HERBJE FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI FLORE MONOPETALO. OROBANCHE major caule bete pübefcente, ftamittibus fubexfertis. Li. Syf. Vegetal. P: 497: Spec. PL p. 882: Fil: Sue; n. 561. OROBANCHE caule fimplici; ftipulà unica, calyce quadrifido, Haller: Hif. 295: OROBANCHE sijor. Scofoli Fl. Carn. v: 782. OROBANCHE major Garyophyllum olens. Baud. jin. 87. RAPUM Genifte Ger. emac. 1311. Par&iif. 229. Rati Syn. p. *288. Bioom-rape. Hudjon. Fl. Angl: ed. 2. p. 266. Lightfoot Flor. Scot. p. 332. RADIX Spartii fcoparii radicibus plerumque addafcitur. [ ROOT generaly grows to the roots of the commoti Broom: CAULIS pedalis ad fefquipedalem, erectus, finiplex, ff : STALK from a foot to a foot and a half in height, up- tulofus, teretiufculus, fulcato-ítriatus, villo- right, fimple, hollow, roundith, RUE fus, purpurafcens, íquamis {parfis, marcidis, ¥ channeled, villous, of a purplifh. colour, co- tectus, ad bafin bulbofus, bulbo fquamofo. vered with withered {quama, bulbous at bot- tom; the bulb fquamous. - FLORES fpicati, feffiles, purpurafcentes plerumque, ali- : FLOWERS growing in fpikes, feflile, for the moft part quando etiam "Rlaveícentes, {pica primo acuta, y purplith, fometimes alfo yellowifh, the fpike dein fubcylindrica, i is at firft pointed, and then becomes ne drical; CALYX: PrnriANTHIUM monophyllum, erc€tum, ¥ CALYX : a PéniAwTHIUM of one leaf; upright, di- quadrifidum, poftice ad bafin ufque divifum, et $ vided into four fegments, pofteriorly quite antice magis profunde quam ad latera, aca down to the bafe; and anteriorly more deeply fum, albefcens, laciniis feu dentibus fubzequa- that at the fides; villous, whitifh, the feg- libus, ferruginels. (ig. 1. thents or teeth nearly equal; and ferruginous. «€ «€4€«4€ 4 Jig. COROLLA: monopetala, ringens, pletumque purpu- [cono B odogetilads, ringent, generally purplifh, raícens, ad ferrugineum colorem accedens, per- Y approaching to the colour of rufty iron; tue fiftens; z¢wéus inclinatus, amplus, vehtricofus ; bending downward, large, bellying out ; south faux hians ; Jabium fuperius concavum, obfolete Y gaping ; upper-lip Toll ow; obfoletely trifid, trifidum, fubcarinatum, externe vile: la- Y fomewhat keeled, and externally vifcid ; ehe bium. inferius trifidum, lacinula media E lower lip trifid and hollow, the middle feg- tiore, concava. fig. 2 ET the longeft. fig. 2. STAMINA: ED DONE A quatuor, fubulata, alba, fub Y STAMINA: four Firaments, tapering, white, hid labio fuperiore recondita, quorum duo longiora ; : i under the upper lip, two of which are longer ANTHERZ leviter cohzrentes, ftraminez, di- than the reft; ANrHEnx flightly cohering, dymz, ovate, mucronibus terminate. fir. 3 3:1 of a ftraw colour, double, ovate, each cavity i terminating in a point. fig. 3 PISTILLUM : GznMzN oblongum, bafi antice tribus? PISTILLUM : GrRMEN oblong, WEE anteriorly at glandulis, protuberantibus, flavis, melleum li- quorem copiofe fundentibus, notatum ; ST YLUS pubefcens, ftaminibus paulo longior, purpuraf- the bafe with three protuberant yellow glands, which pour forth plentifully a fweet liquor ; STYLE downy, a little longer than the fta- cens, apice inflexus; Sricma femiubifidum, ¥ Y Y Y i mina, purplíh, bent down at top; STIGMA obtufum, crafliufculum, flavum. fg. 4.. : Y: 15 i Y half-divided, obtufe, thickifh, and yellow. Jig. 4. SEED-VESSEL an ovate, oblong cap/fule, terminating in a point, of one cavity ‘and two valves, SiR: 5. SEEDS numerous and very fmall; receptacles four, li- near, growing to the fides of the capfule. Jig. 6, 7. The literal Englifh tranflation of the Greek word Orobanche is Strangle-tare*: this term has been given by ^ DioscorIpDEs to one plant, and by THEoPHRASTUs to another ; ours is undoubtedly the Orodanche of DioscoRiDzs, (as it accords with his deícription 4), and alfo of Prix y. The Orodanche of ''ugoegR AsT Us mut have been tome PERICARPIUM : CarsuLA ovato-oblonga, acuminata, unilocularis, bivalvis. jig. 5. SEMINA numerofa, minima; receptacula quatuor, li-i nearia, lateralia, adnata. fig. 6, 7. i Í * OPOBATXH, Ervangina Gaze, quod GooSov ayrst, ervum firangulet, dicitur, UJ ** Orobanche cauliculus eft fefquipedalis, et interdum major, fubruber, hirfutus, tener, fine folio, pinguis: flore fubalbido, aut in luteum ** vergente : radice digiti craffitudine, et cum ariditate flaccefcit caulis, fiftulofa. Hanc inter quzdam legumina nafci conftat, et ea ict genlsre; ** unde Orobanche fibi cognomentum ufurpavit, Eftur, ut olus, cruda, et in patinis, afpareg! modo, decocta, Legumentis addita, conco&io- ** nem accelerare creditur." — /att). ex Diefc. climbing EVE climbing plant, as is evident from his words, which are thus quoted by Martutotus, ** Ervum necat amplexu * complexuque fuo," whereas the Orodanche of Dioscortpes, according to the fame author, by its prefence only, uL fua tantum prefentia,” deftroys the Legumina, Corn, Hemp, and Flax which grow near it, and from which roperty of choaking and devouring the neighbouring plants, Ma'rrHrorus fays they called it in fome parts of Italy the Wolf plant; its pernicious effe&s in this refpe& are confirmed by a later Italian writer Micgzrr, who mentions its being profcribed in "T'ufcany by public edict. The moft remarkable circumftance in the ceconomy of this plant, is its growing from the roots of others ; Caspar Bavurne afferts, that it is always attached to the fibres (fibris) of fome plant near it; feveral of my bo- tanic friends are of opinion that it is not parafitical in all fituations, efpecially in corn-fields, but they have not confirmed their opinions by actual and repeated examinations, which are ftill wanting. "The plants from the roots of which Casr. Bauurne obferved it to grow were the Spartium Scoparium, common Broom, Genifla tindoria, Woodwaxen, Hieracium fubaudum, thrubby Hawkweed, Yrifolium, Trefoil, (no particular fpecies is mentioned), and Orobus tuberofus, Wood Pea; all of thefe (one excepted) are leguminous plants, to which it is obferved to have the ftrongeft attachment ; I have met with it but rarely about London, excepting one fpot, in which it might be faid truly to abound; this was a fmall, hilly, barren field, covered partly with furze and broom, on the left- hand fide of the road, within about two miles of Kingíton, Surry, about half a mile beyond the Robin Hood and Turnpike, in which field the Botanift will find feveral other rare plants. I have alfo feen it on Hampftead Heath, and on the borders of Charlton Wood ; in thefe feveral fituations it grew either out of the roots of Broom or Furze, but chiefly the former. My late gardener Rosen T Squiss once brought me out of Surry a very {trong plant of Orobanche, which had grown in a corn field on the root of the Centaurea Scabiofa: Y planted both roots in my garden, in the fituation they were found ; the Knapweed grew, but the Broom-rape died. Several perfons have informed me of their having found it to be parafitical on the roots of Clover, in particular Dr. GoopENoUGH and Mr. Ruccies of Cobham; Mr. Tuomas Wuire once related to me his having obferved a fmall Orobanche growing on walls, &c. in Pembrokefhire, and that the decayed floor of an old caitle in particular was almoft. covered with it; he alfo noticed, that in fome of the weftern counties this plant was fo common as to give the mowers caufe of complaint. | The Orobanche appears to vary in fize according to the fize of the root it grows on, the flem being fometimes almoff as thick as one's thumb, and at other times not much larger than a wheat-ftraw; the flowers vary much in their colour, but are moftly dead-purple or yellowifh. The feed of this plant is remarkably fmall, hence it will be extremely difficult to fhew its vegetation by expe- riment, more efpecially as it requires a very particular foil and fituation, yet no one can doubt but the plant is propagated thereby ; it muft firft vegetate on the earth, then the radicle, which is fent downward, finding a proper root, attaches itfelf to it, quits its parent earth, and becomes parafitical. - It has a faint finell of cloves, and is faid to be a ftrong aftringent and ufeful vulnerary. Linnaeus remarks that Seweden is too cold for it to flourifh with them. a a, Mrs m T: i o ^ n i t Th EU vo re La TL. ANTIRRHINUM OnoNTIUM. SMALL SNAPDRAGON. ANTIRRHINUM im. Gen. Pl. DibYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Cal 5-phyllus. Corolle bafis deorfum prominens, nectarifera. | Capfula 2-locularis. Raii Syn. Gen. 18. HERB FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI FLORE MONOPETALO. ANTIRRHINUM Orontium corollis ecaudatis, floribus fubfpicatis, calycibus corolla longioribus. Lin, Sy. Vegetab. p. 466. Sp. Pl. p. 860. FY. Suec. n. 559. ANTIRRHINUM foliis ellipticis obtufis, floribus fparfis, calycibus fubulatis longiffimis, calcare bre- vifima. Haller. Hif. n. 334. ANTIRRHINUM Orontium. — Scopoli Fl. Carn. v. 774. ANTIRRHINUM anguftifolium fylveftre. Baub. Hf. MI. 464; ANTIRRHINUM arvenfe majus. Bauh. fin. 212. ANTIRRHINUM fylveftre medium. Parkinf: i334. Rai Sym. p. 284. "The leer wild Calf’s Snoüt or Snapdragon. Hudjon. Fl. Angh ed. 2. p. 274. : RADIX annua, fimplex, rigida, albida, fibrofa, fibris $ ROOT annual, fimple, ftiff, whitifh, fibrous, fibres paucis, patentibus. Y few and fpreading. CAULIS fpithamaus, aut pedalis, fimplex feu ramofus, Y STALK from a fpan to a foot in height, fimple or erectus, teres, pilofus, pilis patentibus, fub- Y branched, upright, round, hairy, the hairs viícidis. Y Ípreading and fomewhat vifcid. FOLIA ima oppofita, fubconnata, fuperiora alterna, li- ¥ LEAVES of a fhape betwixt linear and lanceolate, neari-lanceolata, carinata, deflexa, integerrima, ¥ keeled, turning downward, entire at the edge, hirfutula. $ flightly hairy, the lowermott oppofite, flightly " Y uniting at the bafe, the uppermoft alternate. FLORES pauci, axillares, feffiles, rubelli, vix fpicati, Y FLOWERS few, growing from the ale of the leaves, nifi 1n fpeciminibus majoribus. i feffile, of a bright red colour, fcarcely form- i . ing a fpike, unlefs in large fpecimens. CALYX: PERIANTHIUM quinque-partitum, perfiftens, ¥ CALYX: a PERIANTHIUM deeply divided into five laciniis linearibus, carinatis, hirfutis, longitu- Y Íegments, and permanent ; the fegments linear, dine corolle, fuperiore longiore. i keeled, hairy, the length of the corolla, the Y uppermoft fegment longeft. COROLLA monopetala, rofea, venis faturatioribus ¥ COROLLA monopetalous, rofe coloured, ftriped with ítriata, inferne et fuperne pubefcens; Jabium y veins of the fame colour but deeper, ‘both fuperius bifidum, lateribus reflexum, inferius Y above and below flightly hairy, the upper lip trifídum, laciniis deflexis, intermedia minore, 1 | bifid, the fides turning back, the lower lip ANedlarium breviffimum, obtufum. jig. 1. E: trifid, the fegments turning down, the middle i one the fmalleft ; Nectary very (hort and blunt. i I Jig. T. STAMINA: Firamenta quatuor, filiformia, purpu- STAMINA : four FILAMENTS, thread-fhaped, purplifh, rafcentia, glabra, quorum duo breviora; An- Ímooth, two of which are fhorter than the THER# flava, bilobz, conniventes. jig. 2. others; ANTHER# yellow, clofing together, compofed of two lobes. fig. 2. PISTILLUM: Germen fabrotundum, villofum; Srv- Y PISTILLUM : Germen roundiíh, and villous ; Srvrz tus fubulatus, villofus, apice paululum incli- tapering, villous, bending a little downward | natus; STIGMA obtufum, flavum. fig. 3. at top; STIGMA blunt and yellow. fg. 3. PERICARPIUM: CarsurA pedunculata, ereta, hir- ¥ SEED-VESSEL : a Carsurs ftanding on a footítalk, futa, apice triforaminofa, bilocularis. fg. 4. upright, hairy, having two cavities and three apertures at top. jig. 4. SEEDS numerous, blackifh and angular. fi. c. 444444 Y Y Y D X X X SEMINA plurima, nigricantia, angulata. fg. 5. i This fpecies of Ztirrbinum is diftinguifhed from all the others, the majus excepted, by having no fpur to the corolla, and from the majus by being an annual, and having long, pointed leaves to the calyx, which in that plant are fhort and obtufe. It grows in tolerable plenty in Batterfea Corn-felds, where it flowers in July and Auguft. The fced-vefiel, when fully ripe, is a curious reprefentation of the fkull of a Quadruped. sab * De pi an slit tane ul p. J add. " jk sp 6 "rp AE DT IW. e ON NEAR edis ok E. se T E E h-uncK ata seer X. i $0" Cah oe ae Ja Q er Aun ALS EMI —— o RaPHANUS RAPHANISTRUM. WiLb RanisH. RAPHANUS Lin, Gem Pl. 'TÉTRADYNAÀMIA Sinravosa. Cal. claufus. .S///gua torofa, fubattictlata, teres; Glandule rmielliferas 2 inter ftamina breviora et piftillum, totidem inter ftatnina longiora et ^ calycem, Rai Syn. Gen. 21. HERBE TETRAPET ALA SILIQUOSZE ET sILICULOsm. RAPHANUS Raphaniftrum filiquis teretibus articulatis levibus unilocularibus. Liv. Syf. Veget. p. so4. . Sp. Pl. 935. Fl.Susn 612. Haller. Hjff. n. 468. RAPHANISTRUM fegetum, floreluteo vel pallido. Tournef. Inf. 240. RAPISTRUM flore luteo, filiqua glabra articulata. Ra Sy. p. 396. RAPHANUS fylveftris. Ger. emac. 240. Hudfon FY. Angl. p. 289. Lightfoot Fl, Scot. p. 362: RADIX annua, fimplex, fibrofa, pallide fufca. yROOT annual, fimple, fibrous, and of a pale brown M colour. : . 5 5c Y 3 D z CAULIS pedalis ad fefquipedalem, erectus, teres, folidus, Y STALK from a foot to a foot and a half in height, up- hifpidus, glaucus, ad bafin ufque plerumque Y right, round, folid, hifpid, elaucous. sene P ? 8g (ares T q P 5 q Y 8 ? : NZ p T5 ow 75 ramofus, ramis fepe longitudine caulis, ad ¥ rally branched quite down to the bottom, bafin purpureis. M branches often as long as the ftalk, and purple Y at bottom. FOLIA petiolata, pinnatifida, alterna, fcabra, inferiori- 1 LEAVES ftanding on foot-ftalks, pinnatifid, alternate, bus pinnarum quatuor aut quinque parium, Y rough, the lowermoft confifting of four or five Y Y Wi d i fuperioribus duarum triumve, omnibus obtufi- Y pair of pinnz, the uppermoft of two or three, ufcule ferratis feu dentatis, dentibus apice pur- ¥ all of them obtufely ferrated or toothed, the | pureis. Y teeth purple at tbe tips. FLORES pedunculati, lutei, albi, few carnei, venis ni- FLOWERS ftanding on foot-ftalks, yellow, white or gricantibus picti. Y fle(h-coloured, painted with blackifh veins. CALYX: PznrANTHIUM tetraphyllum, ere&um, hifpi-Z CALYX: a Pertanruium of four leaves, upright, a dulum, foliolis oblongis, parallelis, EN d hs little hifpid, the leaves oblong, parallel, clofing tibus, deciduis, bafi gibbis. fg. 1. i together, deciduous, gibbous at the bafe. Mos es COROLLA tetrapetala, cruciformis: petala alba fivey COROLLA compofed of four petals, which are white, lutea vel purpurafcentia, venofa: venis nigri- Y yellow, or purplifh, veined (the veins blackifh) cantibus, obcordata, integra, patentia, fenfim $ inverfely heart-fhaped, entire, Ípreading, ter- in ungues calyce paulo longiores attenuata. ¥ minating gradually in claws, a little longer Jig. 2. Y than the calyx. fig. 2. STAMINA: Firamenta fex, fubulata, ere&a ; quo-Y STAMINA: fix FrLAMENTS, tapering, upright; of rum duo oppofita longitudine calycis, quatuor f which two oppofite ones are of the length of vero unguibus longiora. ANTHERZE oblongze, $ the calyx, and four of the length of the claws ereCtze, fagittatze. fig. 3. j of the corolla. ANruzra«> oblong, uj right, ; | Y arrow-fhaped fic. 3. PISTILLUM: Germen oblongum, ventricofum, atte- ¥ PISTILLUM: Girmen oblong, bellying out a little, nuatum, longitudine ftaminum. SrYvrvus VIX y tapering, the length of the flamina. Srypz ullus. STIGMA capitatum, integrum. jig. 4. : {carce any. Sricma forming a little head, ) Y and entire. fiz. 4. PERICARPIUM : SZ/qua teres, articulata, articulis tri- y SEED-VESSEL a round jointed Po : bus ad fex et ultra, fulcatis, unilocularibus, Y fix, or more joints, which are grooved, of one monofpermis, geniculis attenuatis, apice rof- e : Y gle feed, the joints cut trata, roftro lineari compreffo, glabra. jig. 5. i In» the) apex terminating in a linear, flat, Y d, corapofed of three, 2: 1 cavity, containing a fing] Y Yo Ímooth beak. fig. 5. SEMINA fubrotunda, ferruginea, glaberrima, magnitu- Y SEEDS roundifh, ferrugineous, very Ímooth, the fi dine feminum Raphani fativi. fg. 6. of the common garden Radifh. fig. 6. 'The prefent plant, in the colour of its bloffom, is one of the moft variable we are acquainted with, being found with white, pale-red, and yellow flowers: as the yellow is the moft predominant with us, we have figured that variety. Though the bloffoms vary fo widely as to colour, they are allin general ftriped with purplifh veins; a character which contributes with feveral others to difünguifh it from the Sinapis Arvenfis, or Charlock, to which it bears no {mall refemblance ; fome of the moft ftriking differences between thefe two plants we fhall here enumerate. The Charlock ufually grows one third taller than the Radifh. The ftalks, which in the Charlock are finely grooved, hirfute, and commonly of a deep red colour, in the Radifh are finooth, yet hifpid, and ufually glaucous. ‘The Charlock has often an unbranched ftem; the Radifh is more frequently branched quite down to the bottom : befides, the calyx is upright and clofe in the Radifh ; in the Charlock it is Ípreading. 'The flowers of the Charlock alfo are fmaller, and always yellow. It is a common and noxious inhabitant of Corn-fields, and flowers in July and Augufi. Linnevus has given a particular paper on this plant in the Amenitates Academice, in which he endeavours to prove, that an epidemic fpafmodic difeafe, common in fome parts of Sweden, is owing to the feeds of this plant being ground with the corn and eaten by the inhabitants. ce 27 Fo J i A Jape 131,8 Ae w at b: eds Sisal oon D UNI ERU TRAE d de RS se à dom 5 pn Chie p" T Jiniiquiq epos "ode ARXOM — o8 "e qe" iuri 5 bi tae bito LpOX&Gieds Lu ra LES ; 1 , M md "det LU Pe SW D MP 7. KATE: r Ow 1^4 E Ar QE : 3 xd v 25 —— m -—o e 0 cr oo Pu d -— a — .,— ———Á— DEREN Se | | £z | j l [as [3 - ; | — TuRRITIS GLABRA. SMoorH TowER-MusTARD. TURRITIS Lin. Gen. PJ. TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA. Siiqua \ongiflima, angulata. Cal. connivens, erectus. Cor. erecta. Raii Syn. Gen. 21. HERB TETRAPETALA, SiLIQvos ET SILICULOS A. ‘TURRITIS glabra folüs radicalibus dentatis hifpidis, _ cáulinis integerrimis amplexicaulibus glabris, Lin. Syft. Vegetab. p. 502 Sp. Pl. p. 930. Haller. Hifi. n. 455. . TURRITIS glabra. Scopoli FI. Carn. n. 839. BRASSICA fylveftris foliis circa radicem cichoraceis. Baus. Pin. 112. TURRITIS foliis inferioribus cichoraceis, czteris perfoliatis. — 5. R. H. BRASSICA fylveftris ramofa tota pené glabra. Baub. Pin. 112. TURRITIS vulgatior. Bau. Hif. Il. 836. TURRITIS Ger. emac.272. Parkins 852. Rai Syn. p. 293. Tower-Muftard. Hudjon Fl. Angl. ed. a p. 291. ———— —M M M M M a a a a E: RADIX biennis, fimplex, alba, fublignofa, alte in ter- Y ROOT biennial, fimple, white, fomewhat woody, pene- ram, defcendens, paucis fibrillis capillata. i trating deeply into the earth, furnifhed with Y few fibres. CAULIS pedalis ad tripedalem, erectus, plerumque fim- § STALK. from one to three feet in height, upright, plex, firmus, teres, folidus, prope terram hir- ¥ generally fimple, firm, round, folid, near the futus, fuperneé glaber. ground hirfute, above fmooth. FOLIA radicalia pallide viridia, hirfuta, ad margines ¥ LEAVES 1 next the root, of a pale green colour, ftrongly finuata, tres quatuorve uncias longa, caulina? hairy, jagged on each fide, three or four inches glauca, glabra, integerrima, amplexicaulia, y in length, thofe of the ftalk glaucous, per- erecta, fagittata. Y fe&ly {mooth and entire, embracing the ftalk, Y upright, and arrow-fhaped. RS on the top of the ftalks, fmall, of a whitith M yellow colour. CALYX: PERrANTHIUM tetraphyllum, foliolis ovato- Y CALYX : a PEnRIANTHIUM of four leaves, the leaves of oblongis, erectis, deciduis. jig. 1. i an ovate oblong fhape, upright and deciduous. FLORES in fummis caulibus parvi, ex albo lutefcentes. IFLOWE : Y Jig. 1. COROLLA: tetrapetala, cruciformis. Petala ovato- Y COROLLA tetrapetalous and crofs-fhaped. Petals of oblonga, obtufa, integra, unguibus erectus. $ an ovate-oblong fhape, obtuíe, entire, claws upright. fig. 2. A: fix FILAMENTS, tapering, white, two of which are fhorter than the others. ANTHERA Sig. 3. Y fimple, and yellow. fig. 3. PISTILLUM: Germen longitudine floris, teres, fub- i PISTILLUM : Gen MEN the length of the flower, round, compreffum. SrvLvusnullus. SriGMAobtu- Y a little. flattened. SrvyrEg none. Stigma fum. fi RPM PERICARPIUM: Silique plurima, pedicellatz, erede, T SEED-V duos vel tres digitos longze, caulem fere occul- ftalks, upright, two or three fingers breadth in. tantes, teretiufcule, fubcomprefle, obícletet length, almoft hiding the ftalk, roundifh, quadrangule. jig. 5. i fomewhat flattened, faintly quadrangular. poe Y STAMINA: FILAMENTA fex, fubulata, alba, quorum $ STAMIN duo breviora. ANTHERz fimplices, pm. blunt. fig. 4. ESSEL: Pods numerous, ftanding on foot- * Sig. 5. SEMINA parva, numerofiffima, ovata, planiufcula, rufa. ¥ SEEDS finall; very numerous, ovate, flattifh, of a red- Jig. 6. i difh brown colour. fig. 6. The term g/abra is only proper when applied to the upper part of this plant, the radical leaves, which generally decay as the plant approaches to maturity, being hairy, like many other plants of the fame family. lt is found but rarely near London, Hitherto I have only noticed it in one {pot, vix. in the lane which leads down by Charlton Church, and there but fparingly ; further on in Kent it is much more common, as well as in many other parts of England. lt ufually grows on banks near hedges, and flowers in ‘fume and Fuly. It varies fo much in fize, that the old Botanifts make two fpecies of it. Gg MPO WE 9 ee DEPT ^ Fs OMS DTI MEA DER 2 m e [84 1 Dog DAR te P a 2 ^ rd oy, v 4 ; + Me amt tree ren ram o en - — vici ap tap awe MA ; oa ;va eL yoy d T. e du nes / et E^ — d FS) Rate ; B5 , L P h " d à Nt e A xr - , 2 : ; o iride dcs enor ead lu dioe 52M 3 J ALIE. Ds Moras i e "TS . ‘ ? 5; Sum Ze CI e os e. Tale: an Kpva quu MN SE (x B edi or x pibiossk" diac fir pw "E E Mel 4 shiek md te mehr do w di ah eg » AU Ad dies u c? ude sts UN cow i ia? «up toys nt X5 H in X aet HN e by WS e. D i [j ] SNC PETENS T TUN Oud i yisisit 2 rz! fd bos "NN yg UM Er. 3 pend iis iyi voois debeo a n ! ^ , v 1. a * X er DM: vin omite» dioit box à ; ee and ? 3 PM. ‘ RIG RE LE ide an Me i . a : ; j 4 Aas ia eb ly hes My: BR irn 2 MIT a Pa Yos / Pu Pomel pat z gitborid ¥ T. eh aia s S "a d J| IE x ty, iv 1 e V ; D xu * is : put NL A. SN CA db NAHE A3 ovium yov iani M FF ae Hie . Qnis : fremit ceo: "T San 63 tira CAV FL. MIR Pm ; pion 4 ‘ bus " e FER ee *cx . > M + 3 INO C: TM WW ) ; ids | meon] , RE Lir y «Se DE m 4: Aeibhs te are 4 nat. api aes ee ds ee are ical ir tow 4 E mn 1 ^ | i a, dns vp EC ; bibi vib: xli p © yea ns * oy 4 i , 7 * D T : x RR Tt : » A. idi "n j n i | ’ c Ea Wn adici gus i? DM Tits he THRONE ae Wu Y S BN : d : : n T TA i : "i * TM Oh ben 2512 > Pe yrs oc te ip ion ‘ 1 hak NI tii Df je) SAY 2 = , ^ [P i al FRR » 1 j (nx , / t otis AEs: "u H ( Em viden AT nd EET. e x ; | T í » NT ADT? toe. See CTH ZI "i xh ‘ : ' wk ro ,wolted ryt ü 3 y ‘ vii "t . NET s 4 & 2 - H 4 H ete PUES 1 “4 NUES ae pit QUUM Ria ety 3 Sas tab. grat Ponts; MER BP Wi! dene: | | ; * Ro) d M c n rad t ; z z ] K f "du bas stt: (gates | UEM E KOH Ve ; "A ma se Er. 1 i ‘ E P : sr : ^ E "7j aua: pon nets 1 Me X , * [vto M DE id b ra E ‘ : er i " ! ' 1 sac he my D ets Vas ; ete. KER as 137 ae : s. K-. ^ ; TCR Jie Mos PULLS 1 tak E. P T AX; d TS: u IM" e) T & person * faris evo caer TA Pdl. INCUN M AE Meer Ad ety po ra Pu NO ^. bab. vw 4 ; TT " Pa jur Im J Mk mV ed ; y t ^ Y " J EE à : zu * i "nA > ‘tie | 4 ! p HN E rar 4 T3 , A aceite yk AOR aes * ^ A * Fwd wd D T : aer ae digi MAE xe. t y : anh 4 D E "s , 1 1 qwe rd D X CARDAMINE HIRSUTA. Hatry LaApiEs-sMOCK. CARDAMINE Lin. Gen. P/. 'TETRADYNAMIA SILrovosa, Siliqua elafüce diffiliens valvulis revolutis. Stigma integrum; Cal, fubhians. Raii Sym. Gen, 41. HERBH TETRAPETALE SiLrqvos# ET SILICULOS m. CARDAMINE folis pinnatis, floribus tetrandris, Lin Syf. Vegetab. p. 497. Sp. Pl. p. ois. Fh Suec, n. 584. CARDAMINE foliis pinnatis hirfutis, pinnis fubrotundis, ftaminibus quaternis, Halkr HW 472. CARDAMINE hirfuita. Scopoli FL Carn. n. 815. t. 38, NASTURTIUM aquatióum minus, Baub. Pin. 104. CARDAMINE impatiens altera hirfutiór. Rais Sym p. 306. "Ihe leffer hairy, impatieht Cuckowa flower or Ladies-{fmiock. CARDAMINE foliis pinnatis, foliolis radicalibus fübrotiindo-cordatis j caulinis ovatis dentatis petiolatis; Hudjon. Fh Angl ed. à. p. 295. Lightfoot Fl. Scots p. 348. | RADIX annua, fibrofa, fibris albidis. het A ?ROOT annual and fibrous, the fibres-shitifh. CAULIS fpithamzeus, et ultra pro ratione loci, in foffis 3 ST ALK about a fpan high, or more, according to thé humidis reperitur etiam fefquipedalis, folidus, Y fituation in which it grows ; ih wet ditchesit is erectus, flexuofus, fulcato-angulofus, prope bafin purpureus, et fepius hirfutiffimus, fu- perne fere glaber, ramofus, ramofiffimus etiam occurrit; fometimes found even a foot aiid a halfin height; folid, upright, crooked, grooved or angular, purple near the bafe, and moft commonly very hairy, above nearly fmooth, branched; fome- | j ; times very much fo. FOLIA radicalia plurima, in orbem pofita, pinnata, fo-¥ LEAVES next the root numetous, forming a circle; SEAS ACHE ENE liolis petiolatis, rotundato-angulatis, plerumque Y pinnated, the ímall leaves ftanding oh foot- quinque lobatis, hirfutis, punctis prominulis $ ftalks, round yet angular, generally divided Ícabriufculis, lobis inzqualibus, nünc obtufis, Y into five lobes, hirfute, roughifh with little nunc acutis; caulina anguftiora et magis pro- § prominent points, the lobes unequal, fome- funde incufa, lobis paucioribus, i times blunt and fometimes pointed; thofe of 1 the ftalk narrower, and more deeply indented, $ — ' with fewer lobes. FLORES parvi, albi, primo vete tantum; tetràndri. y FLOWERS fmall, and white; early in the fpring, hava v ba MS only four ftamina. | CALYX: PznuiawTHIUM tetraphyllum, foliolis ovato-Y CALYX : a PEn1ANTHIUM of four leaves, of ah ovate; oblongis, obtufis, concdvis, deciditis, pilis y oblong fhape, obtufe, hollow, deciduous, furs paucis albidis inftructis. fig. 1. Y- . nifhed with a few white hairs. Jig. 1. COROLLA: PETALA quatuor, alba, calyce duplo fere COROLLA : four white PETALs, almoft twice the longiora, patentia, integerrima, obtufa. jig. 4 RE of the calyx, fpreáding, entire and ob- _ tule: fg. 2. . STAMINA: Fitamenra plerurnque fez, quorum duo i STAMINA : for the moft part fix Fin AMEN TS; of which breviora, alba. JANTHERJE minimi; lutei- 1 two are fhorter than the reft, of a white colour; centes. fig. 3. Y ANTHER# very {mall arid yellowith. fg. 3. PISTILLUM: Geren oblongum, tentie, ftaminibus ¥ PISTILLUM: Germen oblong, flender; a little Íhorter paulo brevior. STIGMA cápitatum. fig: 4. : than the ftainina. Sricma forming a {mall | MA, ra . head. fg. 4. — PERICARPIUM : Siliqua ete&a, uticialis, fubcomprefía, Y SEED-VESSEL: an upright Pod,about an inchin length; bivalvis, elafüce difhühens, valvulis revolutis ¢ fomewhat flattened, of two valves, which burft ie os. aa +) with an elaftic force, and roll back. fig: 5. SEMINA duodecim circiter, fuborbiculata, comprefla, { SEEDS about twelve in number, nearly round and flat= glabra, e flavo fufca. jig. 6. Y tened, fmooth, and of a yellowith-brown cos Y lour. fig. 6. We were inclined to believe with our ingeitiows friend Mr. Li6mrroor, that the Cardamine hirfuta and parviflora were diftinct fpecies ; but repéated obfervation and culture have convinced us, that they are both the fame; varying only in fize, in hairinefs, and in the n umber of their {tamina. | ken . In wet fituations, where the foil is luxuriant, it grows a foot or two in height, and lofes in a great degiee its hairinefs ; in expofed places it feldom reaches more than fix or eight inches; and is generally much more hairy, and, when it grows fingly, thuch more branched. The fame plant, early in the fpring, when the weather is cold, has’ only four ftamitia; as the fumer advances, it has conftantly fix. The lobes of the radical leaves vary much in fhape, and are frequently much rounder than the figure reprefents. | M This fpecies is by no means general about London, but abounds in particulat plates ; as by Chelfea water-works; in wet ditches about Hamp/tead, Highgate, and elfewhere. = — Tx , It flowers in April and May. In the garden, if the fituation in which it is fown be fhady, and the feafon not uncommonly dry, it continues flowering and feeding during the whole of the fummer: According to Mr. Licurroov, the youtig leaves are a good ingredient in a fallad, and may eafily be obtained in the fpring, when Muftard and Crefs are not to be had. (RET p - 1 y ! UTE b. My ue oem mie eire on ini e t ia ia t ape hx j SM is Wo ' be lel v E heli dis à 1n AE "y 6 utei ty "d 2 A HOME 4 be —— cim des bees P rrpid iie ye Mà m Pil ba TET Dis du m. ap iwi | :opiodial gd ost au "E Maler us Moo TEM Nera job. (vu wae Wl Sods RMD et UC tdtodaty Lis A UE) Lond. aie xhidisin sq, AUS E35 fou ed pelle eto visi vehi neta ida ti 98 " jS Baie ye ES d IIT: Quecso » dur : : ^ i 1 P exe las A. M al ht FH Pg i-us Bb GERANIUM PRATENSE. CrowrooT CRANESBILL. GERANIUM Zi Gen. Pl. Mox ApEtrHiA DECANDRIA. Monogyna. Stigmat. 5. Fruéfus roftratus, 5-coccus. Raii Syn. Gen. 24, WERBE PENTAPETALAZ VASCULIFERZ. GERANIUM jratenfe pedunculis bifloris, foliis fubpeltatis multipartitis rugofis acutis, petalis integris. Lin. Syfl. Veget. p. 514. Sp. Pl. p. 954. Fl. Suec. n. 968. GERANIUM caule eré&to, foliis rugofis hirfutis multilobis, lobis trifidis, lobulis femipinnatis, floribus umbellatis, Haller, Hf. n. 931. GERANIUM praienfe Scopeli Fl, Carn. n. 852. GERANIUM batrachoides, Gratia Dei Germanorum. Baud. Pin. 318. GERANIUM Batrachoides. Ger. emac. 922. GERANIUM Batrachoides flore czruleo. Park. 704. Raz Syn. ed. 3. p.360. Crowfoot Cranefbill. Hudfon Fl. Angl.ed. 2. p. 302. Lightfoot Fi. Scot. p. 368. RADIX perennis, craffitie digiti minimi aut major, hori- Y ROOT perennial, the thicknefs of the little finger, or zontalis, rugofa, e rubro fufca, intus flavefcens, y larger, horizontal wrinkled, of a reddifh fibris majufculis profunde penetrantibus in- ¥ brown colour, yellowifh within, "furnifhed with firu&a. M largifh fibres, which penetrate to a great depth. CAULIS pedalis ad tripedalem, erectus, ramofus, tereti-¥STALK from one to three feet in height, upright, ufculus, pubefcens, bafi ruberrimus, fuban- jy branched, roundifh, downy, very red, and fome- gulofus. what angular at the bottom. FOLIA hirfutula, radicalia longiffime petiolata, fuprema ¥ LEAVES fomewhat hirfute, thofe next the root, fianding fubfeffilia, omnibus multipartitis, venofis, fub- on very long footítalks, the uppermof ones tus pallidioribus, lacinis multifidis, incifis, nearly feffile, all of them deeply divided into many fegments, veiny and paler underneath, the-fegments jagged. PETIOLI teretes, pubefcentes. LEAF-STALKS round and downy. STIPULZ ad bafin foliorum utrinque bine, ovato acu- YSTIPUL ZE at the bafe of the leaves two on each fide, S€-644 4444€ KEKE AE KEKE LE minate, primo rubicundz, dein marcefcentes, Y ovate and pointed, at firft reddifh, afterwards ad bafin pedunculorum quinze, lanceolate. Y withering, thofe at the bafe of the peduncles Y five in number, and lanceolate. PEDUNCULI gemini, pilofiffimi, vifcofi, primo nu-¥F LOWER-STALKS growing two together, very hairy, tantes, demum erect. Y clammy, at firft drooping, lafily upright. FLORES magui, fpeciofi, e purpureo caerulei." ÍFLOWERS large, fhowy, of a purplifh blue colour. CALYX: PeERIANTHIUM pentaphyllum, perfiftens, fo- y CALYX: a PenrANTHIUM of five leaves and perma- liolis ovatis, acutis, concavis, margine mem- $ nent, the leaves ovate, pointed, concave, branaceis. figs I. Y bearded, clammy, ribbed and me,nbranous at Y the edge. jig. 1. COROLLA: PETALA quinque, fubintegerrima, venofa, $ COROLLA : five PETALs, nearly entire, veiny, hairy bafi utrinque hirfutula. jig. 2. Y on each fide the bafe. fig. 2. STAMINA: FirAMENTA decem fubulata, fuperne ¥ STAMINA : ten FILAMENTS, tapering, purplifh above, purpurafcentia, inferne lata, albida; ANTHERJE Y below broad and whitifh; ANTHER# oblong, oblongz, czeruleze, incumbentes. //g.3. _ dt blue and incumbent. jig. 3. ' PISTILLUM: Germen pentagonum, vifcofum, viride; PISTILLUM: Germen pentagonal, clammy, of a Sryrus filiformis, rubicundus, ftaminibus Y green colour; STYLE filiform, reddifh, longer longior; STIGMA quinquefidum, Jaciniis li- y than the ftamina; Stigma divided into five nearibus, reflexis. fig. 4. Y fegments, which are linear and turned back. << | : Jig 4- SEMEN oblongum, lave, ex arillo elaftice diffiliens. D SEED oblong, {mooth, thrown from the feed-covering 5, 6. with confiderable elafticity. //g. 5, 6. This is by far the moft fhowy of the Cranefbills growing wild with us, and in that refpe& is exceeded by none of the Englifh ones except the Sanguineum. Its leaves are large, and fomewhat like thofe of the Meadow Crow- foots, whence its name. ! i | | Its beauty has long fince recommended it to the notice of the curious in flowers, in the gardens of which we find it not only as it commonly occurs, but alfo with white, purple, and {triped bloffoms. ít loves a moift fituation, as it naturally grows wild in meadows, which it ornaments with its bloffoms in July and Auguft. Near London it is found in tolerable abundance in the meadows about Batterfea, and in the vicinity of the Thames both above and below bridge; in many parts of York/bire, particularly about Settle, it is almoft as com- mon as the Mallow. is with us, not only in meadows, but every where under their ftone walls. "The bloffoms are much reforted to by various fpecies of flies, particularly thofe of the Genus Empis. AUC Hate nae. eU TV A ul dim i ur m Bate i GT ae n ai MER I" m ES ATE a de VC: er Pe RYE oC a MALVA MOSCHATA. Musk Mattiow. MALVA Liz. Gen. Pl. Monapeipura POLYANDRIA. | | | Cal. duplex: extetior triphyllus. 4r7Zi plurimi, monofpermi. Ran Syn. Gen. 15. HERB SEMINE NUDO POLYSPER ME: MALVA mo/chata caule ere&o, foliis radicalibus reniformibus incifis; caulinis quinquepartitis pinnatos multifidis, Lan. Syff. Vegetab. p. 523. Spec. Pl. p. 971. FI. Suec. n. 629. MALVA folüs radicalibus reniformibus, incifis, caulinis quinquepartitis pinnatis, pinnis dentatis Haller. Hifl. n. 1072. MALVA Mofehata. Scopoli Fl, Carn. n. 861. MALVA montana five Alcea rotundifolia laciniata, Col. Ecpbr. 1. p. 148. t. 142. ALCEA folio rotundo laciniato. Baus. Pin. 316. ALCEA tenuifolia crifpa. I. B. Il. App. 1067. RaZ Sym p. 253. Hudfon. FL Angl. ed. 2. p. 308. Lighifoot Fl. Scot. p. 376. rennial, whitifh, fomewhat woody, and with M difficulty pulled up. CAULIS: ex una radice caules nafcuntur plurimi, bipe- Y STALK: from one root arife feveral ftalks, about two RADIX perennis, albida, fublignofa, difficillime eruta. ME pe ' dales, fubere&ti, ramofi, teretes, fiftulofi, hir- Y feet high, nearly upright, branched, round, futi, pun&is purpureis prominulis adfperfi, e y hollow, hirfute, fprinkled with purple pro- quibus pili prodeunt f | minent points, from which the hairs iflue. FOLIA alterna, petiolata, inferiora plerumque fex par- Y LEAVES alternate, ftanding on foot-ftalks, the lower tita, laciniis pinnatifidis, multifido-laciniatis, Y ones generally deeply divided into fix fegments, hirfutulis, apice fubacutis, fuperiora brevius ¥ which are pinnatifid and {ub-divided into many petiolata, in pauciores et tenuiores lacinias Y others, flightly hirfute, and pointed at the divifa. i tips, the upper ones ftanding on fhorter foote Y ftalks, and divided into fewer and narrower | | | i UN denn. n STIPULJE utrinque bing, ére&z, lanceolata, hirfute, $ STIPUL two on each fide, upright, lanceolate, hire margine undulate, Y fute, waved on the edge. FLORES magni, fpeciofi, carnei. i FLOWERS large, fhowy, and flefh-coloured. PEDUNCULI unciales, teretes, pilofi. LELOWER-DLADKS an inch in length, round and hairy. | CALYX: PeriantHrum duplex, inferius triphyllum, : CALYX: a double PenurANTBIUM, the lowermoft com- foliolis lanceolatis, fuperius quinquefidum, poíed of three lanceolate leaves, the upper- ovato-acutum, [ape laciniatum, punctatum, y moft divided into five fegments, ovate and hirfutum, margine ferrato glandulofum. jig. ri pointed, often jagged, dotted, hirfute, the Y AT. edge ferrated with fmallglands. fig. t. COROLLA: PrTALA quinque, fubtriangularia, carnea, ¥ COROLLA: five PETALs, fomewhat triangular, flefh- venis faturatioribus ramofis notata, apice füb- y coloured, marked with branched veins of a truncata, erofa, bafi albida, margine utrinque Y deeper colour, fomewhat truncated with a ciliata. jig. 2. | piece bit out at top, at bottom whitifh, svith | the edge fringed on each fide with hairs, fig. 2. STAMINA: FirAMENTA plurima, in tubum cylindra- STAMINA: Fitaments numerous, forming a whitifh ceum, albidum, pilofum coalita, fuperne li- hairy cylindrical tube, loofe at top, and bend- bera, reflexa. ANTHERZ primum reniformes, ing back. ANTHER#@ at firft kidney-fhaped Se4€46 *€€6 carnez, dein purpurez, demum ceeralefcentes, $ and flefh-coloured, then purple, and laftly Potten album, globofum, fg. 3. Y blueifh. PorrEs white and,globular, jig. 3. PISTILLUM: Germina plurima, in orbem difpofita, % PISTILLUM: Germinanumerous, circularly difpofed, flavefcentia; STrvri plurimi, ruberrimi, fili- Y of a yellowifh colour, SrvrEs numerous, of a bright red colour, thread-íhaped, hairy on one fide, and generally covered with pollen. STIGMATA fimple. jig. 5. formes, ad unum latus pilofi, polline plerum- que obducti. SricMmaTa fimplicia. fig. 5. «eee € The plant here figured has been, and is ftill, confidered by moft Englifh Botanifts as the Vervain Mallow: there is little doubt but it is the plant which Ray confidered as the A/cea vulgaris major of C. BAuntNz, in which idea he was moft probably miftaken, as it accords better with the Alcea rotundifolia lacimiata of that author. Be this as it may, it certainly is not the Malva Alcea of Linnaeus, which Mr. Hupson makes a native of this country ; and which, hefays, grows wild in Warwick/hire, Leiceflerfbire, and Nottingham/bire. At the fame time that Linnmus has very properly made two diftin& fpecies of thefe plants, he has been rather unfortunate in the parts he has fele&ed for their difcrimination. Taking for granted that Mr. Hupson has good authority for what he afferts (although the counties he fpecifies are not particularly mentioned by Ray) it appears, that the Mofchata is a general, the d/cea a local plant; the former I have found in moft of the counties I have vifited, and Mr. Licgurroor mentions it as growing in Scotland; the latter I have never feen wild, but have occafionally obferved it in fome of the gardens about London ; and laft year, having an opportunity of cultivating it in my own, I was agreeably furprized, to find that it afforded many obvious and fatisfactory diftin&ions, the moft ftriking of which I fhall enumerate, for the gratification of the Englifh Botanitt. The Malva Alcea grew to nearly twice the height of the Mo/chata, whence it agrees with BAuurNs's name of major. lt was in every refpe& a ftronger plant, and harfher to the touch; the leaves of the ftalk were much lefs jagged; the flowers in both were pretty fimilar, both in fhape, fize, and colour ; but the calyces differed remarkably. In the Mo/chata the lowermoft fet of leaves were lanceolate, fometimes almoft linear; in the Alcea they were ovate; added to this, the calyx of the Alcea, near its bafe, had a large protuberant annulus or ring, which was entirely wanting in the Mo/chara. Thefe characters of the calyx alone will, it is prefumed, ever be found fufücient to diftinguifh the two plants when in flower; befides thefe, the Mo/chata drawn through the hand has the peculiar property of communicating a ftrong fmell of mufk, whence its name. From this relation thofe Botanifts, refident in the counties above mentioned, will be better enabled to judge whether they have the true Ma/va Alcea or not. The Mo/chata grows very plentifully in the neighbourhood of Coomb Wood, and flowers in "fune aud Fuly. No particular virtues or ufcs are attributed to this fpecies; but its beauty entitles it to a place in the garden, Bees refoit much to it, $ ‘se aiden” y^ & f E daar NT. AGE E! PP APR diui " ' i rt Per 4 tk xi ES E 1 LA d PL nat ion ial iere nets aca he” SS Q NX TRIFOLIUM GLOMERATUM. RoUND*HEADED TREFOIL. TRIFOLIUM Lin. Gen. Pl, DiApgzPurA DECANDRIA. Flores fubcapitati. Legumen vix calyce longius, non dehifcens, deciduum. Rai Syn. Gem 23. HERB FLORE PAPILIONACEO SEU LEGUMINOSJE. TRIFOLIUM glomeratum capitulis feffilibus hemifpheericis rigidis, sirens fliiatis patulis zequalibus. Lini Syfl. Vegetab p. $73. Sp. Plant. p. 1084. TRIFOLIUM aivenfe fupinum verticillatum. Barr. ic. 882. TRIFOLIUM parvum rectum, flore glomerato cum unguiculis. ¥. B. IL. Wm TRIFOLIUM cum glomerulis ad caulium nodos rotundis. | Ra. Syn. ed. 3. p. 329: Knotted Trefoil, with round heads. Hudjon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2: p. 327. RADIX annua, fimplex, fibrofa. ¢ ROOT annual, fimple arid fibrous. CAULES plures, palmares, procumbentes, teretes, pur- Y STALKS feveral from the fame root, four of fix inches purafcentes, glabri, ramofi, geniculati, geni- y in length, procumbent, round, purplifh, fmooth, culis tumidiutculis. f branched and jointed; the joints a little fwelled. STIPULAE caulinz membranaceze, gnis, ramu- i STIPULZE of the ftalk membranous and pointed, thofe lorum apice fepius recurvis, Y of the branches often bent back at top. FOLIA glabra, viridia, macula ‘alba fepius notata, nm LEAVES fmooth, green, often marked with a white nute ferrata, fpot, the edge finely fawed. FLORES glomerati, rubelli, axillares, eae feffili- FLOWERS cluftered, of a pink colour, growing in the bus, hemifpharicis. H ale of the leaves, the little heads feffile; and i almoft globular. CALYX: PzniANTHIUM quinquedentatum, perfiftens, i CALYX: a Pertantuium having five teeth, perma- leve, ftriis decem coloratis notatum, dentibus Y nent, ímooth, marked with ten coloured ovato-acuminatis, patulis. fig. 1. i freaks, the teeth broad, pointed, and fpread- | : ing. jig. 1 | COROLLA longitudine calycis; vexillum furfum cur- Y i COROLLA the length of the calyx; flandard bent up- vatum ; a/@ vexillo duplo breviores, apice pau- Y wards; wings about half as long as the ftan- lulum fecedentes ; carina longitudine fere ala- Y dard, feparating a little at their extremities ; T GONE 1M 2. Y &eel almoft the length of the wings: jig. 2. PERICARPIUM: Lecumen membranaceum, difper- Y SEED-VESSEL : a membranous Pop, containing two mum, intra calycem. jig. 3. i feeds within the calyx. jig. 3 SEMINA minima, flavefcentia. jig. 4. Y SEEDS very minute, and yellowith. A 4s The bloffoms of this fpecies of 7refo// grow in little round balls or clufters frorn the alz of the leaves, and hence it has received its name of glomeratum. It may be diftinguifhed from the /iriatum, to which it bears fome affinity, by being in every patt fmooth, in having its balls much rounder, and the teeth of the calyx fpreading backward ; its bloffoms alfo are of a brighter red colour. Not being a plant which ftrikes the eye much at a diftance, it is probably often overlooked ; with us, how- ever, it is certainly fcarce. Mr. Ray found it about Saxmundbam in Suffolk; Mr. Doopy about Backbeat. and near Greenhithe; Mr. Hupson in the Te of Shepey; Mr. Rose about Norwich, and Dr. GooprnoueH on Hanwell Heath. \have found it on Blackheath for feveral years, yet not plentifully.; it is fond of a gravelly fituation, . with fome degree of moifture ; hence it muft be looked for in the depreffed parts of the heath. ‘The plants growing near it were the Trifolium ftriatum, ornithopodioides, and Sagina procumbens; and at no great dif- tance Callitriche autumnalis, Montia LOH ARE: and Peplis Portula. It flowers i in June, Tes was a4 ah eas: 92 o ae Lys) "y 53 aad ae € eS hie Sta c AREE ii i qii Wee - 2 v A ue PM 4 r T AE sace Tas (1294 e] Phew Se go y oe ae Bar : ab or wes ditm igi "n we E “wine 93 bat che AC eid adr ds gi v n ibid or plage aniad 10% | wan piis d visirtien at ji dada HUM AM. ih div enit wan I E st Woran A P e (eleg d pills a Jixit sit gertsegn atas. I9 i) genit ed Mw d X dee a dones C 231 HyPERICUM QUADRANGULUM. SQUARE-STALKED or. Joun’s Wonr. HYPERICUM Lin. Gen. Pl, Pony ApgrPHIA PoLvY ANDRIA, Cal. s-partitus, Petala 5, Filamenta multa in 5 phalanges bafi connata. Capfula. Raii Syn. Gen. 24. Herpa PENTAPETALJE VASCULIFER £. HYPERICUM quadrangulum foribus trigynis, caule quadrato herbacea. Lm. $yf. Vegetab. B. 584. Sp. PL $. i1o4. Fil. Suec. n. 670; HYPERICUM caule quadrangulari, foliis ovatis perforatis pun&atis, Haller. Hi. n. 1038. HYPERICUM qguaedrangulum. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 943. HYPERICUM vulgare minus caule quadrangulo folis non perforatis. Baub. pin. 272. HYPERICUM Aífcyron di&um caule quadrangulo, Baub. Hifl. 3. p. 382. ASCYRON Dod. pempt. 78. Ger. emac. 542. vulgare Parkinfon 575: Raii Syn. ps 344. St. Petev's Wort: Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p 334. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 416. RADIX perennis, fubrepens, fibrofa. i ROOT perennial, fomewhat creeping and fibrous. CAULIS pedalis ad feíquipedalem, erectus; rarnofus, y 9I ALK from a foot to a foot and a half in height, up- glaber, rubefcens, quadratus, quatuor membra- Y right, branched, fmooth, reddifh, fquare from nulis, feu alis in fecundum longitudinem pro- i having four littl membranes or wings which ductis; | Y run down the ftalk. FOLIA oppofita, feffilia, ovata, obtufa, levia, faturate ? LEAVES oppofite, feffile, ovate, obtufe, fmooth, of a viridia, fubtus pallidiora, feptemnervia, per Y deep green colour, paler underneath, ftrongly totam fuperficiem punétis minutis diaphanis Y marked with feven ribs, the whole furface adíperfa, margine glandulis nigris fubtus pre. § covered with {mall tranfparent dots, and the fertim punctata, Y edge, efpecially on the under fide, dotted with $ black glands; RAMI cauli fimiles, decuffatim oppofiti. ¥ BRANCHES like the ftalk, alternately oppofite. FLORES lutei, parvi, in fummitatibus ramulorum $ FLOWERS of a yellow colour, fm:ll, growing on the denfé paniculati. $ tops of the branches in clofe panicles. RAMULI panicule fanguinei; BRANCHES of the panicle of a deep red or blood colour. PEDUNCULI breviffimi. y FLOWER-STALKS very fhort. CALYX: PznramrHiUM quinquepaititim, laciniis ¥ CALYX: a Perranruium deeply divided into five feg- lanceolatis, patentibus, nervofis, integerrimis, Y ments, which are lanceolate, fpreading, rib'd; nudis. jig. 1. Y entire, and free from glands. fig. 1. COROLLA: PETALA quinque, lutea, lineata, glan- i COROLLA: five yellow Perats, finely grooved, dotted dulis paucis nigris ad oras pun&ata. //g.2. —$ on the edge with a few fmall black glands. fig. 2: STAMINA: FiraMwENTA plurima, in fafciculos vix STAMINA : FirAMENTS numerous, fcarcely divided divifa; ANTHER# {ubrotunde, flava; glan- y into bodies or bundles; AnrHER# roundi(h, | dula nigra notatz. fig: 3. Y yellow, marked with a black gland. fig. 3. PISTILLUM : GERMEN obovatum 3; Srvr: tres, pa- $ PISTILLUM: GenMzN inverfely ovate; Sryzus three, tentes, fubulati; Sr1GMATA minima, capi- Y {preading, tapering; Stigmata very fmall, tata. | | " Jig. 4 Y forming little heads. fg. 4. PERICARPIUM : Carsura fufca, trilócularis, trival- ¥ SEED-VESSEL: a brown Capsute of three cavities vis. jig. 5. | i and three valves. fig. 5. SEMINA plurima, minima, oblonga, nitidiufeula. //z. 6. ¥ SEEDS numerous, very ímall, oblong, and fomewhat fhining. jig. 6. The Saint-Fobn's-Worts (at leaít of this country) are a genus of plants which, having ftrong charatteriftic marks, and being fubje& to little variation, give the Botanift no great trouble in their inveftigation ; it is fufficient to fay of this fpecies for inftance, that it has a fquare ftalk, and it is at once diftinguifhed from all the others. Caspar BAUHINE commits no fmall error when he defcribes the leaves of the guadrangulum as imperforate, the Jeaft attention will fhew the tranfparent dots on the leaves to be fully as numerous, if not fo large as thofe of the perforatum; the antient Botanifts alfo abfurdly enough diftinguifhed this fpecies from the others by the name of Afcyron, or Saint-Peter’s-Wort, but as it has no pretenfions to any generic diftin@ion, we have dropped that name, as tending much to confufe i and while we are cenfuring the faults of others, we fhall mention an error of our own; in defcribing the Hypericum perforatum we pointed out a little black gland vifible betwixt the lobes of the anthere, as chara&teriftie of that fpecies, we now find the fame on the guadrangulum alfo. This fpecies grows very plentifully by the fides of rivulets; alfo in wet meadows, By the. fides of the ditches in Batierfea Meadows it is particularly common, and flowers in July. It is feldom ufed in medicine, the perforatum fupplying its place. ey Ma : To ao Du ? b^ 1 No Ls eu. abet d PEDE Cz be / CENT d k a Mul. = uy n 28 pe Ste 2 sed * H t " "n se | i } | P SONCHUS ARVENSIS: CoRN Sow*THISTLE. SONCHUS Lin. Gen. Pl. SyucENEsiA Por ycAMIÀ /ÉQUALIS; Recepi. nudum. Cal. imbricatus, ventricofüs: Pappus pilofus; Raii Syn. Gen. $. HERBH FLORE COMPOSITO NATURA PLENO LACTESCENTES; SONCHUS arvenfis pedunculis calycibufque hifpidis fubumbellatis, foliis runcinatis bafi cordatis; Li Sylt. Vegetab. p. 594s Spec. Pl. 1116. FI. Suec. n. 687. SONCHUS foliis amplexicaulibus fernipinnatis ferratis, calycibus hifpidis. Ha/ler: Hif. i3 HIERACIUM arvenfe. Scopoli Fl. Carniol. n; 974. HIERACIUM majus folio fonchi. Baubin. Pin. 126. SONCHUS repens multis Hieracium majus. Baub; Hif. 2. 176. SONCHUS arborefcens. Ger. emac. 294. Raii Syn. p. 163. Tree Sow-thiftle: Hudfon FI, Angl, ed. 2; p.337. Lightfoot Fi, Scot. 427. RADIX ferennis, lactiflua, longe, lateque repens, difficulter 3 ROOT perennial, milky, creeping far and wide; with eruta. Y difficulty eradicated. CAULIS bi feu tripedalis et ultra, erectus, fiftulofus, Y STALK from two to three-feet high, or more, upright, la&efcens, fubangulatus, laevis, inferne feepe Y hollow, milky, fomewhat angular, fmooth, purpureus, fuperne ramofus. ¥ often purple below, above branched. FOLIA alterna, runcinata, bafi cordata, amplexicaulia, 3 LEAVES alternate, like thofe of Dandelion, Aeart shaped levia, nitidula, fubtus pallidiora, fpinis molli- Y at the bafe, embracing the ftalk, fmooth, cellis circa margines donata. fhining, paler on the under fide, the edges furnifhed with foftifh prickles. LOWERS growing in a kind of umbel, /arge and yellow. LOWER-STALKS long, round, covered with long, yellow, hairs, bearing globules at their extre- mity. CALYX common to all the florets, before their expan- fion, cylindrical and cut off at the extre- mity, afterwards bellying at the bafe and coni- cal, the fcales numerous, upright, unequal, keeled, of a dirty green colour, and extremely hairy, the hairs fimilar to thofe on the foot- ES! FLORES fubumbellati, magni, lutei. ej PEDUNCULI longi, teretes, pilis longis luieis, globu- hgeris veftiti. CALYX communis priufquam flofculi expanduntur cylindricus, apice truncatus, poftea ventricofo- conicus, {quamis plurimis, erectis, inzequali- bus, carinatis, fordide viridibus, Azrfutifimis, pilis ficut in pedunculis. 4S 4«€44A€4€4€4€ HELE KEKE HELE LE KE LE LEH ELE 64 ftalks. ^ COROLLA compofita, imbricata, Corollulis hermaphro- ¥ COROLLA compound and imbricated, the Florets her- _ ditis, numerofis, aequalibus. j 1 maphrodite, numerous and equal. Propria monopetala, zubus albus, tenuis, fuperne pilo-¥ Each Floret monopetalous, the sje white, flender, fus, limbus luteus, longitudine fere tubi mar- y hairy above, the flat part yellow, almoft the ginibus {ape fubinvolutis, quinquedentatus. Y length of the tube, the edges frequently rolled 371. : inward, furnifhed with five teeth. fig. 1. ANTHERS in tubum flavum, fubangulatum, coalita. ¥ANTHERZ united into a yellow, and fomewhat angu- lar tube. STIGMATA duo, filiformia, reflexa. $STIGMATA two, thread-thaped, reflexed. SEMEN ovato-oblongum, badium, fulcatum, angulis ad Y SEED of an oblong.egg-fhape, bay colour, and grooved, lentem tranfverfim rugofis, pappofum, pappo $ the angles tranfverfely wrinkled when magni- fimplici, feffil. fig. 2. i fied, downy, the down fimple, and feffile. Sig. 2. This fpecies of Sonchus is properly termed arvenfis, being commonly found in corn fields, in which its large. yellow bloffoms, towering above the corn, render it a very confpicuous plant; thefe alone are fufficient to diftinguifh it from the common Sow-thiftle, it has befides two other very diftin characters; the one a creeping root, whereby it becomes very noxious to the hufbandman; the other, numerous yellow hairs, with little globules at their extremities, thick fpread over the calyces and flower-ftalks. It bloffoms in Fuly and Auguff; many of its feeds prove abortive. “ igen, a pene cu 1 44 2 88 Past feas ouf arde n, uc 1 VM ET E 35 * VICIT CES sts dio Mine B de ere ay? MA (AA TP KP oet B0 E, , Ep HA TEE. ES Ss to heroes ^d a 1 ME, Md Pie - fap. ^ dt ue ad, TUAE win HD acy ry " Hotei) rds te a + E - t rto pole Md HAE NC MORD NOM Hieracium PrrLosELLAa. MOoUSEEAR. HIERACIUM Lin, Gen. P]. SyncenistA PoLyaAMIA xQvALIS. Recept. nudum. Cal. imbricatus, ovatus. Pappts fimplex; feffilis: Rai Syr. Gen. 6. HERB FLORE COMPOSITO NATURA PLENO LACTESCEN TES. HIERACIUM Pilofélla foliis ovatis integerrimis tomentofis, ftolonibus repentibus, fcapo unifloto. Lin. yf. - Vegetab. p. 597. Sp. Pl. p. y125. Fl. Suec. n. 697. HIERACIUM catle üniflore, ftolónibus reptantibus, folüs petiolatis, ovatis, longe pilofis, fubtus tomentofis. Haller. Hiff. n. 53. HIERACIUM Piloféllz. Scopoli Fi. Carntol, n. 966. PILOSELLA major repens hirfüta. Baub. Pin. 262. PILOSELLA minor vulgaris repens. Parkinfon, 690. PILOSELLA repens. Ger. emac. 638. Rài Syn. p. 170. Commion cieepiog Mouft-ear. Hudfon FJ. Angl. p. 343. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 436. RADIX perennis, fibrofa, fibris pallide fufcis. IROOT perennial, fibrous; the fibres of a pàle brown : colour. FOLIA petiolatà, ovata, fzepe oblonga, integerrima, fa-¥ LEAVES ftanding on foot-flalks, ovate, often oblong, perne virentia, fcabriufcula, inferne alba, to- perfectly ‘entire, on the upper fide green and mentofa, utrinque pilis longis obfita, e centro t roughifh, on the under fide white and downy, foliorum ad bafin caulis, oriuntur ftolones$ on both fides befet with long hairs, from the teretes, repentes, hirfuti, foliofi, folis utplu- ¥ center of the leaves, at the bafe of the ftalk, rimum lanceolatis, i {pring one or tore round, creeping, hirfute, * leafy runners with leaves for the moft part iS th mi Y . lanceolate. | SCAPUS: ex una planta feu rofüla exfurgit fcapus ple- TSTALK : from a fingle plant or off-fet arifes generally rumque folitarius, palmaris, ípithamaus ett one folitary ftalk, from four to feven inches or ultra, ere&us, teres, nudus, fiftulofus, inferne ¥ mére in height, upright, round, naked, hol- pilofus, füperne hirfutus, uniflorus. : low, below hairy, above hirfute, fupporting a c" RH MN C ts fingle bloffom. FLORES pallide lutei, feu fulphürei, extimis flofculisy FLOWERS of a pale yellow or fulphur coiour, the : . inferne purpurafcentibus. — “¥ outermoft florets purplifh on the under fide. CALYX communis imbricatus, {quamis pluribus, lineari- ÍCALYX: the common Calyx imbricated, the fcales nu- bus, valde inequalibus. jig. 1, 2. hirfutis, pilist merous, linear, very unequal. fig. 1, 2. hir- nigricantibus, ad lentem globiferis. Í fute, the hairs blackifh, and when magnified PN e. dt INN globular at the extremity. COROLLA compofita, imbricata, uniformis ; Corel'ulist COROLLA compound, imbricated and uniform, the hermaphroditis, numerofis, aequalibus; propria ¥ Fiorets hermaphrodite, numerous, equal, and monopetala, Tubus pappo longior, albus, la- $ monopetalous. The Tube longer than the natus. Limbus planus, quinguedentatus lon- ¢ pappus, white and woolly, The Limb flat, gitudine tubi. fig. 3, 4. i having five teeth, the length of the tube, fg. tH ! S Ua so UR USE ES tds | STAMINA: FIiLAMENTA quinque ‘capillaria, brevif. STAMINA: five capillary Fir AMENS, very fhort. ANn- fima. ANTHER# in tubum cylindricum, fla- $ THERA Óünited in a cylindrical, yellow tube. _.,. _ Wiim-coalitze. fig. p. ANNUM WIVES PISTILLUM: Grrmen oblongüm. SryrLUos filiformis, Y PISTILLUM: GERMEN oblong. Srvrz filiform, the longitudine ftàminum. SrTiGMATA düo, revo- f length of the ftamitia. SriGMATA two, rolled c nus Hüte m o : irae Backs dest: . SEMEN oblongum, iigricans, ftiiatum. Pappus fe-y SEED oblong, blackifh, ftriated. Down twice the length mine duplo longior, fefülis, fimplex, fg. 7, 8.¥ of the feed, feffile, and fimple. fig. 74 8. _ The ancient botanifts fancied fome fimilitude betwixt the hairy its name. . | Of the whole genus of Hawk=weed this is tlie moft utiiverfally commion in this coüntry. It delights in dry and expofed fituations, which are frequently rendered barren by long continued drought, the funny bank, the lifelefs wall, and arid heath, are often enamelled with its lively flowers, which appear in Moy and "fune, and frequently produce a fecond crop late in the fummer. It has been received into the fhops under the name of Auricula muris, and conf quality ; but at prefent, in this refpect, is but little regarded. _ SIMON Pau t difcovered on its roots {mall tubercles, which he confidered as the eggs of an unknown infect ; thefe have fince proved to be a Coccus (Coccus Pilofella, Lin.) nearly related to the Coccus polonicus, an infect ufed in dying. We have not heard of its having been obferved here. leaves of this plaiit and a moufe’s ear, whence dered as poffefüng an aftringent : ID dans n Y 3 " we a 3 " n TS. ps gseoame ke e a E Ln vocis A JXigeodrs 3 “etal, 2/0220 aommo ep : qu ( # Y. X e dn quen Ai gout SENS C r5 ) A €—RRBAUA RR RE «liens p. ; d "M ia aitigsin x n a : S cnn. q. | d wir etta gi tidip gap aid inno ue Hot x | AUR QUIA cüsd ba run wet c dioit E e nn Seri die i n NL eb. hi: 1 RIA PETS : OES Sao ps P aquai de E us p TES ge E E. mu» d ius. tercia wii peo sabato ioo e^ di 1143. um ro AM ; dins wan heim F rcnt hec owed Ry ca OD rte - ete esi as ed di^ | Hr ue juni ai hase page B -* x vanta. Lt & 3 Eu: A P. 3 ae "A ig nM 2 af J Bs. à vid ; T gs AY EL Yeti 4 = hd ^ = -^ ^ $ x 4 238 ÁRGcTIUM LAPPA BuRDOcCKE. ARCTIUM Lm, Gen. Pl: SvyNcENEsI& PoLvGAMIA ALQUALIS. Cal. globofus; fquamis apice hamis inflexis. Rati Syn. Gen. 9. HERBJE FLORE EX FLORIBUS FISTULARIBUS COMPOSITO SIVE CAPIT ATE. ARCTIUM- Lejpa folis cordatis ihermibüs petiolatis, Lin: Sy/f. F'egetab. p. 603. Sp. Ph 1143. Fl. Suec; n. 712. | LAPPA Haller Hf. d. 161: | LAPPA majot feu Ar&ium Dioftoridis: Baub. Pin: 198: PERSONATA five Lappa major aut Bardana. 5. B. IIL 570. BARDANA major. Ger. eimac. 809: BARDANA vulgaris major. Park. 1222. Raii Sym i97. Great Burdock, Clot-burt, Hudjon. FL. zingl ed. 2: p: 348. Lightfoot FI. Scot. ps 197: Oeder Fi. Dan. t. 642. RADIX biennis, fimplex; profunde in terrarn défcendens, Y ROOT biennial, fimple, penetrating deeply into the "i foris nigricans, intus alba. H earth, externally blackifh, internally white. CAULIS erectus, tripedalis et ultra, craffitudine pollicis, } STALK upright, three feet bigb and more, the thick- ad bafin ufque ramofiffimus, teres, ftriato-ful- Y nefs of one's thumb, branched quite down to catus, villofus, purpurafcens. . | the bottom, round, grooved, but not deeply, | ' A hoary and purplith. FOLIA amplifima, petiolata, alterria, cordatd, fübtus LEAVES very large, ftanding on feotftalks, alternate, albida, venofa, margine fubundulatá, crenulatá, heart-{haped, whitifh underneath, veiny, the E edge fomewhat waved and notched. PETIOLI folis breviores, fulcato-angulati, villofi. * LEAF-STALKS ‘fhorter than the leaves, ‘angular’ or | 1 grooved, and hoary. ke FLORES purpurei, pedunculati, efe&i, rarulis alterne ¥ FLOWERS purple, ftanding on footftalks, upright, : difpofiti, fuperne in capitula laxa colle&t. ow difpofed alternately on the branches, and at (0^ Yrs | the tops of them colle&ed into loofe heads. CALYX communis globofus, imbricatus, glaber, filis ¥ CALYX common to all the florets globular, imbricated, araneofis intertextus, | fquamis ^ exterioribus furface fhining, cobwebby, the exterior fcales apice hamatis, hamis nitidis, acutiffimis, fubin- ¥ hooked at the extremity, hooks fhining, very flexis, fig. 1, 2. interioribus linearibus, apice fharp, and fomewhat bent in, fig. 1, 2. inner vivide purpureis, fimplicibus, fine hamis. ícales linear, tops of a bright purple colour, , fimple, without hooks. COROLLA compofita, calyce longior, tubulata, propria i COROLLA compound, longer than the calyx, tubular, infundibuliformis, tubo filiformi, albo, limbo ¥ Florets fuunel-fhaped, tube filiform, white, Xe «€ A66 61 6 tubulofo-campanulato, purpureo, quinque-fido, { limb tubular, and fomewhat bell-fhaped, of a acuto, erecto. 1 purple colour, divided into five upright, pointed i fegments. STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quinqwe alba, capillaria; $ STAMINA : five white capillary Firaments; An- ANTHERZE cerulefcentes, aut violacez, in tu- Y THERA blueifh, or violet coloured, united bum extra corollam coalite. 5 into a tube, which proje&s beyond the corolla. PISTILLUM: Geamen fubtriquetrum, album, incur- Y PISTILLUM : GERMEN fomewhat three-cornered, vatum ; Sryxzus albus, ftaminibus longior, $ white, bending inward; Sr vrx white, lon- utrinque fulcatum ; Stigma bifidum. Y ger than the ftamina, grooved on each fide ; i STIGMA bifid, SEMINA oblonga, bafi attenuata, punétis prominentibus y SEEDS oblong, tapering towards the bafe, crowned coronata, comprefia, fubangulata, reticulato- with {mall prominent points, flattened, fome- rugofa, exterioribus incurvatis. Pappus ob- what angular, furface wrinkly, in the form of foletus, rigidulus. fig. 3. net-work, outermoft feeds bending inward. ~ Down obfolete, fomewhat rigid. fig. 3. A6 6666 The antient botanifts divided the Burdock, which they diftinguifhed by the feveral names of Lapa * Perfonata, and Arctium or Arcium into two principal fpecies, viz. the Lappa major Arcium Diofe. C. B. 5 and the Lafpa major montana capitulis tomontofis five Arétium Diofe. C. B. ; both of which are admirably figured by MATTHIOLUS on wood, as indeed are moft of the medicinal plants; later botanifts have made tbe fpecies much more numerous ; in the third edition of Ray’s Syzofis we find no lefs than fix fpecies and one variety, viz. 1. Lappa major capitulo glabro maximo. 2. Lappa major Arcium Diofcoridis. 3. Lappa major capitulis parvis glabris. 4- Lappa major montana capitulis tomentofiss five ArGium Diofcoridts. aite Ju M Lad dA X ~ , " * . * Lappa dici poteft vel ezró 7E AeGciv prehendere vel &rà 73 Aca, i. e. lambere, quod pretereuntium veftibus adhzereat. Perfonata autem dicitur, quod folia ejus pregrandia veluti larve aut perlonz vice obtendi folita effent. — Veteribus Arélion aut Arcion dita cieditur, verum ratio hominis ignoratur, Kaiti H7). p. 332. 5. Lappa Al worm 5. Lappa major montana, capitulis minoribus, rotundioribus €9 magis tomentofis. 6. Lafpa major ex omni parte minor, capitulis parvis eleganter reticulatis. Lappa vulgaris major capitulis foliofis. | Vat. All thefe are however confidered by the botanifts of the prefent day as one fpecies, to which may be added a variety with white flowers, which often occurs. The Burdock is a very common plant by way fides, and in wafte places, and flowers in July and Auguft, In the fize of its leaves it may fometimes difpute the palm with the Butterburr; painters often introduce them in the foregrounds of their pitures, which they are admirably well calculated to embellith. No fort of cattle relifh the foliage of this plant, but fnails, flugs, and many ípecies of caterpillars feed on it delicioufly ; the pith produces its particular moth, which does not appear to be defcribed by Linnaus, but is moft accurately figured by Szpe*, and called by Aurelians the Mottled Orange, the caterpillar of this moth changes into chryfalis about the beginning of Auguft, during which month it may be found in that ftate by {plitting the ftalks of fuch plants as appear ftinted in their growth 5 the moth comes out about the end of Auguft, and is one of thofe whofe bodies are extremely apt to become greafy, to prevent which the body fhould be care- fully opened on the under fide, and its contents taken out previous to its being placed in the cabinet. A fmall larva, not peculiar to this plant, feeds alfo betwixt the coats of the leaf. The feeds, like thofe of the thiftle tribe, are fought for by feveral of the feathered fongfters, and are even re- commended to fatten poultry +. . ! The microfcope informs us, vide fig. 1, 2. why the burrs adhere fo clofely to one's cloaths, and why boys, who divert themfelves by throwing them at one another, have fo much difficulty in extricating them from their hair. As a weed it is not fo formidable as it appears to be, being a biennial the hufbandman has only to deftroy its feedlings. | | * The root and ftalks are efculent and nutritive; the ftalks for this purpofe fhould be cut before the plant flowers, the rind peeled off, and then boiled and ferved up in the manner of Chardoons, or eaten raw, as a fallad, with oil and vinegar. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 446. The feeds have a bitterifh, fubacrid tafte, they are recommended as very efficacious diuretics, given either in the form of emulfion or in powder to the quantity of a drachm. The roots tafte fweetifh, with a flight aufterity and bitterifhnefs; they are efteemed aperient, diureric and fudorific, and faid to a& without irritation, fo as to be fafely ventured on in acute diforders. Deco&ions of them have of late been ufed in rheumatic, gouty, and other diforders, and preferred by fome to thofe of Sarfaparilla, Lzwis's Dip. p. ror. * Nederlandfche Infetfens to 3- T Stirp. indig. Aragon. p. 113. T dins ? p S r Bebe riui ' LÀ M T acis * AP Lii cn y j P US EK A Er ADI = - 3c MA GS 2; TM €: . a rr $ 2 $ = std dde PA di à big anis rs ate Pll oo CricmHoRivuM IiuTYBUS BLUE SUCCORY. CICHORIUM Lin. Gen. Pl, SyncENesta PoLYGAMIA HQUALIS. : Recept. fübpaleaceum. Caz. calyculatus. Pappus fub-5-dentatus, obfolete pilofus. Rati Syn. Gen. 6. HeRBIXE FLORE COMPOSITO NATURA PLENO LACTESCEN TES. CICHORIUM Zzybus floribüs geminis feflilibus, folis runcinatis, Lim. SyfJ. Vegetad. p. 602. Sp. Pl. priae." IP. Sue: m ya CICHORIUM foliis pinnatis, pinnis triangularibus dentatis, floribus feffilibus. Haller Hift. 1. CICHORIUM Zntybus, Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 99%. CICHORIUM fylveftre five officinarum. Baubin Pin. 126. INTYBUS fylveftris. Camer. epit. 285. CICHORIUM fylveftre. Ger. emac. 284. Par&infl. 776. Rai Syn. p. 172. Wild Succory. Hudjon Fi. Angl. ed. 2. p. 348. ———— RADIX perennis, externe latefcens, fufiformi-cylindri- £ ROOT perennial, externally of a yellowifh colour, ta- ca, etiam ramofa, crafhtie digiti, fpithamzea, i pering very gradually to a point, alfo branched, feepe pedalis, defcendens, fibrillofa, fibrillis Y the thicknefs of the finger, a fpan, and often fparfis, la&eicens, la&e albo. i a foot in length, ftriking downward, furnifhed Y with few {mall fibres, milky, the milk of a i white colour. CAULIS pedalis, ad tripedalem, ere&us, rigidus, tor- y STALK from one to three feet in height, upright, ri- tuofus, fcabridus, plerumque ramofiflimus. gid, crooked, roughifh to the touch, and ge- nerally very much branched, FOLIA radicalia plurima, taraxaci, fubafpera, caulina Y LEAVES at the root numerous, like thofe of Dande+ leviora, fubamplexicaulia, alterna. lion, roughifh, thofe of the {talk ímoother, alternate, partly furrounding the ftem. ; FLORES plerumque bini, fpeciofi, feffiles, e foliorum * FLOWERS growing generally in pairs, fhowy, feffile, {upremorum alis. 1 fpringing from the alz of the uppermoft leaves. CALYX communis calyculatus, fquamis exterioribus y CALYX common to many florets, compofed of a double | quinque, ovatis, acutis, fubpatentibus, pilis ¥ fet of {quamz or leaves, the outermoft of which glanduliferis ciliatis ; interioribus octo circiter, are five in number, ovate, pointed, fomewhat lineari-lanceolatis, eequalibus, cylindrum an- fpreading, edged with .glandular hairs, the gulofum, viícofum, conflituentibus. s. I, innermott about eight, narrow, equal, form- 2s ae ae ing an angular, clammy cylinder. fig. 1, 2, as COROLLA compofita, plana, uniformis, Corollulis ¥ COROLLA compound, flat, regular, Florets herma- hermaphroditis, viginti circiter, czruleis, 7z- phrodite, abont twenty in number, of a blue bus cylindricus, brevis, albus, apice dilatatus colour; Zzu£e cylindrical, íhort, white, di- et pilofus; Limbus planus, quinque-dentatus, lated at top and hairy; Lmd flat, with five fubtus nervofus et villofus. jig. 5. teeth at the extremity, on the under fide rib'd and villous. jig. 5. STAMINA: five FinAments, of a white colour, very flender, manifeftly unconnected; ANTHER@ of a deep blue colour, forming an angular, cy- figs 6. lindrical tube. jig. 6. PISTILLUM: Germen fubconicum, album, pilis bre- } PISTILLUM : Germen fomewhat conic, crowned viffümis coronatum ; STvrLvs filiformis, albus ; with very fhort hairs; SrvrE thread-{haped, SriGMATA duo, czrulea, revoluta. jig. 7. white; SriGMATA two, of a blue colour, and rolled back. SEMINA plurima, in fundo calycis, nuda, fubpenta- SEEDS numerous in the bottom of the calyx, naked, gona, margine pilis breviffimis ciliata. fig. 9. irregularly five cornered, the edge crowned auc. - with very fhort hairs. fg. 8. magnified. «666 KEE KE STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quinque alba, capillaria, manifefte libera; AwTHER € faturate caerulez, i tubum cylindricum, angulatum coalitz. "6€ 944 CELE TE LE 066€ 44.06€ 06€ X 04464646 *€4€«€ That beautiful plants are often noxious weeds, agriculturally confidered, we have already noticed in the Biftort, the field Convolvulus, the corn Poppy, and the perennial Perficaria ; the blue Succory adds another to the catalogue. Batterfea Fields, which exhibit bad hufbandry in perfe&ion, produce this plant moft plentifully ; it flowers in July, Augufi and September ; like the docks it increafes itfelf much by feed, and is to be extirpated in the fame manner. | Some botanifts have erroneoufly fuppofed this fpecies of Succory to be the Endive in its wild ftate, but its {trong perennial root fufficiently evinces the contrary. The Geborrum Endivia, which is an annual or biennial, and grows wild in the Corn-fields of Spam, together with the Intydus*, 13 undoubtedly the parent of the culti- vated Endive, it is not fo clear which of the two is the plant celebrated by Horace as conftituting a part of his fimple diet, ones me pafcunt Olive Me Cichorea, levefque Malve. It is not unfrequently found wild with white flowers, and it has been difcovered that the fine blue colour of the petals is convertible into a brilliant red by the acid of Ants +; Mr. MirLLER the Engraver affured me, that in Germany the boys often amufed themfelves in producing this change of colour by placing the bloffoms'iu an ant hill. — Wild Succory is an ufeful detergent, aperient, and attenuating medicine; acting without much irritation, tending rather to cool than heat the body, and at the fame time corroborating the tone of the inteftines. The juice taken in large quantities fo as to keep up a diarrhzea, and continued for fome weeks, has been found to pro- duce excellent effects in fcorbutic and other chronical diforders. Lewis’s Difp. p. 125. * D’ Ap Stirp. Arragon, p» 113. 4 Trag. ad Brunfeli 11. p. 2743 des j AMAKMOF UL C 44. —— u^ NT : 241 | ‘ B A A E| E| j EH B kj RA Ej 4 3 E E El E E E . 1 Eee 4 PUES ME ~ À— MÀ af Fh Mais. ve ie P Tidi d: liens. 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"epe *. ue: wy : pet rds VO MOD MUT: » oh en J ka ^ TÉ 1 € “yee "n ^ ty t Y . 2OWh bul 1G ; : pde: ^ Yu t TET t A Se »3 E n ^s 4 © ; | wept jan 25207 t Tq: D e . ida un aam «4 vé p 5 aic E a]. * E EN 48 wees). pete BIDENS TRIPARTITA. lRIiFID HEMP-AÁGRIMONY. BIDENS Lin. Gen. PL. SY NGENESIA PoLYGAMIA ZEQUvALIS: Recept. paleaceum. Pappus ariftis ereCtis fcabris, Cal. imbricatus. Cor. rarius flofculo uno alterne radiante inftruitur. Rai Sys. Gen. 8: HERBJE FLORE COMPOSITO DISCOIDE SEMINIBUS PAPPO DESTITUTIS CORYMBIFERJE DICTA. BIDENS :ripartia folüs trifidis, calycibus fubfoliofis feminibus erectis, Liz. Syf. Vegetab. p. 610. _ Sp. Pl. 1165. Fl. Suec, 283. bappon. p. 234. BIDENS foliis petiolatis trilobatis et quinque lobatis ferratis floribus circumvallatis: Haller Hifi. n. 121. BIDENS zripartila. Scop. Fl. Carn. n. 1090. VERBESINA feu Cannabina aquatica flore minus pulchro, elatior et magis frequens. — Jf. B. II. 1073. CANNABINA aquatica folio tripartito divifo. Baub. pin. 321. EUPATORIUM cannabinum foemina, Ger. emac. 711. “ EUPATORIUM aquaticum duorum generum. Parkmf. p. 595. Ram Sym, p; 187. Water Hemp- Agrimony, with a divided Leaf. Hudjon. P. Angh ed. 2. p. 355. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 461. RADIX annua, fimplex, fibrofa, fibris albidis. ¥ ROOT annual, fimple and fibrous, fibres whitifh. CAULIS pedalis ad tripedalem, erectus, ramofus (ramis i STALK from one to three feet high, upright, branched, oppofitis), teretiufculus, modice fulcatus, ru- Y (the branches oppofite), roundifh, moderately bens, folidus, glaber, fcabriufculus. i erooved, of a reddith colour,, folid, fmooth Y to appearance, but flightly rough to the touch. FOLIA oppofita, petiolata, connata, glabra, tripartita, Y LEAVES oppofite, ftanding on footftalks, which unite aut etiam quinque partita, laciniis profunde y at the bafe; fmooth, divided into three, and ferratis, fuprema indivifa, dentato-ferrata, aut Y fometimes five fegments, which are deeply etiam integra, pilis haud infrequenter ciliata. i ferrated, the uppermoft leaves undivided, either Y indented at the edge, or entire, and not un- E frequently edged with hairs. , FLORES lutei, terminales, fubnutantes. Y FLOWERS yellow, terminal, drooping a little. CALYX: Foliola plura, plerumque integra, lanceo- ¥ CALYX: feveral, fmall, lanceolate leaves, generally: Jata, ciliata, flores involucri inftar ambientia T entire, but edged with hairs furrounding the íquama calycis communis ovato lanceolatz, Y flowers like an involucrum ; the ícales of the integre, lineis plurimis, nigricantibus, paral- i calyx common to all the florets are ovate and leis, pitt, marginibus flavefcentibus. jig. 1. Y pointed, entire at the edge, and painted with i numerous blackifh lines, the edges are yel- Y lowifh. jig. I. : COROLLULAE hermaphroditz, tubulofz, infendibuli- ¥ FLORETS hermaphrodite, tubular, funnel-fhaped, of formes, lutez, ftriis quinque purpureis externe a yellow colour, marked externally with three notatz ; limbo quinquefido, fubere&to. fig. 2. purplifh ftripes, the limb divided into five feg- y ments, which are nearly upright. jig. 2. STAMINA: Firamenta quinque capillaria; An- $ STAMINA: five capillary FILAMENTS; ANTHERS THERA in tubum cylindricum coalite. fig. 3. $ united into a cylindrical tube. fig. 3. PISTILLUM : Germen fubcompreflum, angulatum, $ PISTILLUM : GzRMEN flattifh, angular, broadeft at 44444444 «€ fuperne latius, ariftis tribus plerumque inftruc- ¥ top, generally furnifhed with three awns, of tum, unica breviore; fig. 3. Srvrus fimplex, y which one is fhorter than the reft; jig. 3. longitudine ftaminum ; Sricmara duo eee SrvriE fimple, the length of the ftamina; longa, reflexa. jig. 4» 5. M STIGMATA two, oblong, turning back. fg. 4, 5. SEMEN oblongum, compreffum, angulatum, fufcum, Y SEED oblong, flat, angular, brown, furnifhed with two ariftis duabus feu tribus retrorfum fcabro ha- $ or three awns, which are hooked or barbed matis inftru&um. | fig. 6. Y downward. jig. 6. RECEPTACULUM paleaceum, planum, paleis lan- i RECEPTACLE chaffy and flat, fcales or chaff, narrow, ceolato-linearibus, lineatis, deciduis. jig. 7. $ marked with lines and deciduous. jig. 7. This fpecies of Bidens is much more common than the cernua, as that is generally found in the water, this more frequently occurs on the borders of ponds, rivulets, &c. where it flowers in the months of Auguft and September, at the clofe of which it ripens its feeds. It is obvioufly diftinguifhed from the cernua by having its leaves, for the moft part, divided into three feg- ments, whence its name; this character is more to be depended on than the uprightnefs of its flowers, as they generally droop a little when the plant is in perfection. Linnus, and other writers, recommend it as a plant that will dye both linen and woollen of a yellow colour, for this purpofe the yarn or flax muft be firft fteeped in allum-water, then dried and fteeped in a decoction of the plant, and afterwards boiled in the decoQion. Haller. Hif. Helv. p. 52. 237 = REGE > i EAM : M wi diti tede oper quina e 245 ew Y JASIONE MONTANA. Hairy SHEEP's-ScABIOUS. JASIONE Lin, Gen. P]. SynczNEstA Monocamta, Cal. communis io-phyllus. oe. stpetala, regularis: Capf. infera, bilocularis; JASIONE siontand. Lin. Sy. Vegetab. p. 666: Spec. ear Se FL Suec, n. 792. RAPUNCULUS foliis leds fubafperis, fpica planiufcula, petalis liberis; | Haller Hif. n 658; RAPUNCULUS feabiofe capitulo caeruleo; Baubin Pin. 92; | RAPUNTIUM montanum capitatum leptophyllon. Col. Hcpor, ty p. 226% ti 227% SCABIOSA elobularis quam ovinam vocant pe dae Pele 325 SCABIOSA minima hirfuta, Ger. emac. 723. Raii Syn. p.278. Hairy Sheep's Scabious, ór rathet Rampions with Scabious Heads. Hud/on FJ. Angl. ed. 2. p. 377. Lighifoot Fl. Scot. p. 377: RADIX annua, lignofa, albida, fibrofa. | Y ROOT annual, rigid, whitith and fibrous. | CAULES plures, fubere&i, fpithamzei, etiam pedales et i STALKS feveral, nearly upright, about a fpan in length; ultra, rigiduli, ramofi, hirfuti. | Y but fometimes a foot or more, rather rigid; i branched, and befet with fhort rough bairs. FOLIA plurima, feffilia, lineari-lanceolata, obtufiuf- $ LEAVES numerous, feffile; between linear and lanceos cula, undulata, hirfuta. i late, bluntifh, waved and hirfute; FLORES capitati, czerulei, fummitatibus ramorum in- ¢ FLOWERS of a blue colour, growing in little heads fidentes. Y on the tops of the branches. CALYX: Perianthium commune polyphyllum : foliolis $ CALYX: the Perianthium common to all the florets com> alternis, interioribus anguftioribus, includens ¥ pofed of many leaves, which are alternate; flores plurimos pedunculis breviflimis adnexos, Y thofe of the inner-row narroweft, including perfiftens. fig. 1. Y numerous flowers fitting on vety fhort foot- | : ftalks, and permanent. fe. 1. Perianthium proprium quinquefidum, fuperum, ¥ Lhe Perianthium of each floret deeply divided into perfiftens. j five fegments above the germen, and permanent, COROLLA propria pentapetala: Peralis lanceolatis, y COROLLA: each floret compofed of five lanceolate; erectis, bafi connexis. jig. 2. Y upright Petals, conne&ed at the bafe. gone STAMINA: Firamenta quinque, fubulata, brevia. : STAMINA: five tapering fhort Firaments; ANTHERZE ANTHER# quinque, oblongz, bafi ga D five, oblong, connected at the bafe. fg. ae PISTILEUM? GERMEN fubrotundum, inferum, ST y- i PISTILLUM : Germen roundith, below the Corolla; Lus filiformis, longitudine Corolla. STIGMA Y STYLE filiform; the length of the corolla. clavatum, purpureum. fig. 4, .5. t STIGMA club-fhaped and purplifh. fs. 4, Ge PERICARPIUM : Capsura fubrotunda, quinquangu- ¥ SEED-VESSEL: a roundifh CaPsurs, having five laris, coronata calyce proprio, bilocularis. Y angles with two cavities, and crowned by the calyx proper to it. SEMINA plura, fuübovata. ¥ SEEDS numerous; fomewhat ováte; This little plant, which in its general appearance fo much refembles a Scabious, is very comioii on diy; fandy ground, efpecially about Cuomb Wood, and Hampfead, and moft hilly fituations near London, and elfewhere. It varies much in fize, and is fometimes, though very rarely, found with white bloffoms. It flowers from Yune to Augu/t. Linnaus remarks, that Bees are particularly fond of its flowers; LU ESL EHI ERE OUR 5 M as EV reo vtrum rt Ipfe ta bog ey d SIUE aaO A sa b owonPow Epit TCS i LG wa d. poe t te HN o ] ^re Ms se 1 Su $16. QE aas ho x» xd diee nv É JT eai 15. v5 i "Lat dd $t wh v 3 i* madicst zv PIS d E E OrHRYS SPIRALIS. Lapies TRACES. OPHRYS Lim. Gen. Pl. Gym ANDRIA DIANDRIAÀ.: Neétarium fabtus fubcarinaturm. Raii Syn. Gen. 21. HERBH RADICE BULBOSA PRADITA. OPHRYS /piralis bulbis aggregatis oblongis, caule fübfoliofo, floribus fecundis, nectarii labio indivife crenato. Lin, Syfi. V'egetab. p. 677. Sp. Pl. 1340. EPIPACTIS bulbis cylindricis, fpica fpirali, labello crenulato. Haller. Hifl. n. 12943 SERAPIAS J/piralis, Scopoli Flor. Carn. ty 1125. ORCHIS fpiralis alba odorata. J. B. II. 769. TRIORCHIS alba odorata minor, que etiam major. Bauhin. Pin. 84. TRIORCHIS. Ger. emac. 218. Parkins. 1354 Rai Syn. p. 378. Triple Ladies Traces. Hudjon FA. Angl. p. 388. RADIX fit uno, duobus, tribus, quatuorve bulbis, ob-¥ ROOT confifts of one, two, three, or four oblong, longis, acuminatis, villofis. i pointed, villous bulbs. FOLIA radicalia quatuor, et ultra, fupra terram expanfa,¥ LEAVES next the root four, or more, fpread out on the ovata, acuta, hinc convexa, inde cava, femun- $ ground, ovate, pointed, convex on one fide, ciam lata, ad lentem punctata, obfolete ner- t and concave on the other, half an inch in vofa. i breadth, dotted when magnified, and faintly i ( ribbed. SCAPUS fpithamzus, foliofus, foliis vaginantibus, pu- E STALK fix or feven inches high, leafy, leaves fheathy, befcentibus, margine membranaceis. 1 downy, and membranous at the edge. ae FLORES ex albo-virefcentes, odorati, quindecim et Y FLOWERS of a greenifh white colour, fragrant, fifteen ultra, /bire modo difpofiti. d and more in number, /pirally difpofed. BRACTZEA oblonga, acuminata, cava, villofa, germi-Y FLORAL-LEAF oblong, pointed, hollow, villous, of nis cum dimidio floris longitudine. fg. 1. i4 j Pi length of the germen, and half the flower, ! | M Ss I. PETALA quinque, alba, fubzqualia, villofula, tria fu- Y PETALS five, white, nearly equal, fomewhat villous, periora fubcoadunata, recta, duo lateralia cari- — the three uppermoft very flightly connected nata, lanceolata, fig. 2, 3.; labellum Nectaru¥ together, ftraight, tne two fide ones keeled and obtufum, crenulatum, intus viridulum, conca- lanceolate, fig. 2, 3.5 the lip of the Neézary vum, fig. 4. auct. jig. 5. blunt, finely notched, green within and hol- low, jig. 4. magnified, fig. 5. GERMEN fefüle, ovatum, lineis duabus lateralibus ex- y GERMEN feffile, ovate, marked with two protuberant - tantibus notatum. jig. 6. Y fide lines. jig. 6. A€4€4€9€ The Rev. Dr. GoopENovon, of Ealing, kindly communicated to us this plant, having found it fparingly on Hanwel Heath, near Ealing: though fcarce with us, in many parts of England, efpecially the more northern, it is not uncommon. It grows in paftures, both dry and moift, and does not particularly affe& a chalky foil. In the garden it grows more readily than moft of its tribe, and flowers later, its ufual month of blowing being September. The protuberant germina, placed regularly one above another, fomewhat refemble plaited hair, whence, perhaps, its name of Ladies traces. The flowers are fragrant, and, by the fpiral manner in which they grow, form a curious fpecific character. Baron Hainer, who has taken infinite pains with the plants of this tribe, has not very happily exprefied this fpecies; his artift appears to have had an unnatural fpecimen to copy from. The Ladies Traces varies much in fize as well as in the number of its roots. ^an Ih Ur Seen Rime ur pret perl - "p re t d es 201 = SO SEE SSX B CAREX RIPARIA. GREAT OR COMMON CaREX, CAREX Lin. Gen. Pl. Mononcta TRIANDRIA. | Masc. Amentum imbricatum. | Cz]. x. phyllus. Cor. o. Fem. Amentum imbricatum. Caf 1. phyllus. Cor. o. Neéfarium inflatum, 3. dentatum. Stigm. 3. | Sem. Triquetrum, intra ne&arium. Rai Synop. Gen. 23. HERBE GRAMINIFOLLE NON CULMIFERA FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STA- MINEO. CAREX riparia fpicis mafculis pluribus triquetris nigricantibüs, acutis, fquamis ariftato acuminatis, cap- fulis fubinflatis, bicornibus. CAREX acuta fpicis mafculis pluribus, femineis fubpedunculatis, erectis, capfulis ovato-lanceolatis ariftato- acuminatis furcatis. Hudfon Fl. Angi. p. 413. CAREX fpicis mafculis ternis, femineis numerofis, eteCtis, breviflime petiolatis, capfulis bicornibus. Haller, bifi. s. 1404. et forían 1398 et 1399. ver CAREX acute. Lightfoot, Fl. Scot. p. $65. GRAMEN cyperoides cum paniculis nigris. 7. B.2. 494. Rati Hif. 1292. GRAMEN cyperoides latifolium fpica rufa five caule triangulo. Bauh. Pin. 6. GRAMEN ‘cyperoides. Ger. emac. 12. GRAMEN cyperoides majus latifolium. Park. 1265. Rati Syn. 417. Great vernal Cyperus-grafs. CYPEROIDES aquaticum, maximum, folis vix unciam latis, caulé exquifite triangulari, fpicis habi- tioribus, erectis, {quamis in ariftam longius productis, capfulis oblongis, bifidis. Michel, Nov. Gen. Tab. 32. fig. 7. et 6. RADIX perennis, repens. ; ROOT perennial and creeping» 'CULMUS in aquofis bi feu tripedalis, foliofus, nodofas, y STALK in wet fituations two or three feet high, leafy, ftriatus, triqueter, angulis acutis, afperis. Y jointed, ftriated, the angles fharp and rough. FOLIA femunciam lata, glauca, cariata, ad margines 4 LEAVES half an inch broad, glaucous, keeled, the keel carinamque aípera, vaginantia, vagina wna cam ¥ as well as the edges rough, fheathing the ftalk, inferiore parte folii pulchre reticulata. i the fheath, together with the lower part of the wo. leaf, beautifully reticulated. SPICE mafculeet feminez diftinfz, ma/fcule, plerumque, ¥ SPIKES of the male and female diftiné, thofe of the tres, ad quinque, erecte, nigricantes, trique- Y male generally from three to five, upright, tre, acute, congeftze, bractzeatze, fuprema biun- $ blackifh, three-cornered, pointed, cluftered and ‘ciali, inferioribus brevioribus inzequalibus, fe- ¢ furnifhed with floral leaves, the uppermoft™ minee tot quot mafculz, ovato-acutze, peduncu- ¥ about two inches in length, the lowermoft late, plerumque ere&ze, aliquando etiam pen- y fhorter and unequal; female fpikes as numerous dulz, fupremis feffilibus, androgynis. M as thofe of the male, ovate, pointed, ftanding on 1 Y footftalks, generally upright, but fometimes Y pendulous, the uppermoft feffile and andregy- i nous, | Fros Masc. Y MALE FLowER. CALYX : Squame plurime, imbricatze, lanceolate, arifta- Y CALY X: Scales numerous, imbricated, lanceolate, run- to-acuminatz, e nigro purpurafcentes. f/jg. Y. Y ning out to a long beard-like point, of a purp- Y lifh black colour, fig. 1. STAMINA: FyrLAMENTA tria filiformia, albas AN- i STAMINA: thre FrL AMENS, thread-fhaped and white ; THERZ tenues, lutez, mucronate. jig. 2. Y | ANTHERZE flender, yellow, and terminated by i à Íhort point. fig. 2. Flos. FEM. : Fem. Flower. CALYX: Squam«e utin mafc. inferne vero latiores et fu-¥ CALYX: Scales as in the male, but broader below, and perne magis luculenter ariftatee, arifta ferrulata. Y more evidently bearded above, the awn finely fig. 3. i {awed or toothed, jig. 3. NECTARIUM germen continens, ovatum, glabrum,¥NECTARY containing the germen, ovate, fmooth, with bicorne. fig. 4. auct, demum inflatum, acu- two horns, fig. 4. mago. finally inflated, minatum, ftriatum, fufcum. fig. 6. magn.natur. pointed, ftriated, and of a brown colour. jig. 6. nat. fize. PISTILLUM : Germen fimall, ovate, fmooth ; Sryre filiform, naked, a little longer than the nectary ; STIGMATA three, villous, white and tapering. PISTILLUM: GrmMEN parvum, ovatum, glabrum; SryLvs filiformis, nudus, necari paulo lon- plor; STIGMATA tri, villofa, alba, fubulata. fig. g. auct. fig. 5 magnif. SEMEN unicum, triquetrum, intra Ne&arium. fig. 7$ EED fingle, three-cornered, inclofed in the NeCtary, mag. nat. i Jig. 7. nat. fize. HEHEHE 0076€ 4 4€ 6 ua In a former number of this work we gave a figure and defcription of the Carex pendula, one of the largeft, as wel] as moft diftin& fpecies of this genus ; we here prefent our readers with three more of this numerous and difficult tribe. Our motive for publifhing them in the fame number is, that they may the more readily be compared together, and their feveral diftinguifhing characters be more forcibly impreffed. In herborizing it is a pra&ice with me to endeavour at acquiring a perfect knowledge of every plant which occurs in all its poffible varieties ; the greater the difficulty I find in the attempt, the more minute is my enquiry. "Thefe invefüigations have to my great fatisfaction often terminated in fome new difcovery, which has placed the plant in a more confpicuous light than before ; fuch has been the happy refult in the prefent inftance. In paffing through Baz- terfea meadows I had frequently noticed the three Carices here figured, which I was taught to confider as the fame fpecies, varying only from particular circumftances, but fo great was the variation, that I never could perfe&ly recon- cile myfelf to the idea. I fhall here relate the feveral characters which ftruck me firft, and gave me the idea of their being different. It was the pointed, triangular, black heads or male fpikes of the riparia, the bluntnefs not only of J the ie Eod SL a ME i pe du sut yes He Os ed Pe ay 33 AX Co VLA Wee T7 PIRA 1 " A MAMMA d. 27 LA * NOI : &. PE m Hi Auer i^. OR y s i: Pet ey ps nov Dr "M a iani yrs EI i * on ORR, IES 67 dA u Rida: i Slob d pts En T "* dad ia itr uc abs het ra CATR Ef j E a ee E e s Men te T ca RY Pipe iain ish RA M eo east reese) ; jm ‘ MER xu a Wo*kogubendbueu aren 0 1 ? ibn. me C7 ud DAC eve rca eere CERDOS ensi ep erty diate See ee CUR a Tivel ows gore.’ riske | n So TA Sea Oa eng ok CHANCE pia ty dere Tob ini: ear an aceti m E d Lj Dai de - ré ts. 2 vU "0 : 3 ; : Egi : M : EIE M dione! SEY auem S ANA. E ire Se ee ed z y: 1 r p. M j 1 y y ^ * TERR ^ ; ] P . Br 4 : 12 UA R4 riw ah 4 pecie us be. p po deest 2 3i to u Tere m is jani ite Sieg coh nost ak vid: d» pinata pue E me iudi ibas airy o. lab d ae miu More ad dE SN nonc ci Se PNPM odis kj m io. Siads x qois Mud. td) (Au edd dE tenn . . gs avd d oed x den Bite | auorug | abit ied going? steoe odit iu enn pa uis. zidi: Say Tar bbwt: sbaíui oe i. dada: eke 10 CAREX AcUTA. AcuTE CAREX. - CAREX acuta fpicis mafculis pluribus, obtufis, fquamis obtufiufculis, caule acutangulo. CAREX acuta fpicis mafculis pluribus, femineis fubfefflilibus, capiulis obtufiufculis. — zz. Sv. Vegetab, p. 706. Sp. FL p. 1388. F/. Suec. n. 857. CAREX glauca Scopoli Fi. Carn. n. 1157. ? | CYPEROIDES foliis Caryophylleis, .caule exquifite triangulari, fpicis habitioribus, fquamis curtis; obtusé mucronatis, capfulis turbinatis, brevibus, confertis. Michel Nov. Gen. p. 62. tab. 32. f. 12. GRAMEN cyperoides foliis caryophylleis vulgatifimum, Aa dif. 1292. CAREX czípitofa var G.. Lightjoot fl. Scot. ? dt a NE ME a mn een rus Ms end RADIX perennis, repens. Y ROOT perennial, and creeping. " | CULMUS in aquofis, bipedalis et ultra, foliofus, nodofus, : STALK in wet fituations, two feet high, and upwards, ftriatus, triqueter, angulis acutis, aíperis. M leafy, jointed, ftriated, three cornered, the $ angles fharp, and rough. FOLIA tres lineas lata, glauca, carinata, ad margines $ LEAVES, three lines in breadth, glaticous, keeled, the carinamque afpera Í edges and keel rough. v SPICAZE maículz et feminee diftinQe, mafcule plerum- $ SPIKES, male and female, difting; male {pikes generally que tres, erect, remotiufcule, oblonge, ob- Y three, upright, at a little diftance from each tufz, e purpureo-nigrae feu fufcae, fuprema fef- other, oblong, obtufe, of a purplifh, black, or cunciali, inferioribus brevioribus, inaequalibus, brown colour, the uppermoft an inch and a bracteatz, bracteá inferiore fpicis breviore: fe- half in length, the lower ones fhorter and un- minec due, vel tres, longiores, et graciliores, equal, furnifhed with floral leaves, of which pedunculate, plerumque erecte, apicibus fzepe the lowermoft is fhorter than the fpikes ; fe- maífculis. male {pikes two or three, longer and flenderer than the male, ftanding on footftalks. for the moft part upright, the tips frequently male: Fros Masc. Mare Flower. SQUAM plurime, arcte imbricatze, ovato-oblonge, ob- SCALES, numerous, clofely imbricated, of an ovate . " AK AA AAA AA A61 tulze, e fufco-purpurez, nervo medio vireicente. Y oblong fhape, obtufe, of a brownifh purple co- gia. í lour, the midrib greenifh, fg. x 7 STAMINA: FiLAMENTA tria, filiformia, alba; AN-$STAMINA: Three FiLAMENTS, filiform, and white; THER lutez. fig. 2. d ANTHERE, yellow, fg. 2. Fros FEM. Y FEMALE FLowEm. SQUAM 4 ovato-acaminate, fuperne ad lentem. denti- Y SCALES ovete, and pointed, the upper part when mag- culis ciliate, fig. 3. ¢ nified edged with fine teeth, fiz. 3. NECTARI!UM ovatum, glabrum, ore fepius bidentato, * NECTARY ovate, fmooth, the mouth moft commonly DE T having two teeth, fig. 4. PISTILLUM: GzaMEN parvum, intra nefarium;yPISTILLUM: Ges MEN. {mall, within the ne&ary; SrvLvs ne&ario paulo longior; STIGMATA? STYLE a little longer than the nectary ; Sric- tria, patentia. fig. 5. y MATA three, fpreading, jig. 5. SEMEN triquetrum, fg. 8. 9. intra nectarium biden- *¥ SEED three cornered, fig. 8. 9, contained within a tatum. fig. 6. 7. Y ne&ary having two teeth, jig. 6. 7. the fpikes themfelves, but of the fcales compofing the male {pikes of the acuta, and the narrow leaves and flender appearance of the {pikes in the gracz//;, joined to the want of that glaucous hue in the leaves, fo conf{picuous in thofe of the two former; imprefled with thefe general appearances, ] carried home their roots, and planted them in my garden, and found at the expiration of two years that they ftill kept up the fame appearances. I then attended more minutely to their parts of fructification, and found fufficient to convince me, and I truft every unprejudiced perfon, that they are three fpecies immutably difting. The largeft and perhaps the moft generally common of the three Is our riparia, which we have diftinguifhed by that name, from its being found on the edges of rivers, it will alfo grow in the middle of a ditch or. pond, and i£ fuffered to encreafe will quickly fill up any piece of water, being in this refpect almoft equal to the Poa aquatica, and Typha latifolia; it alfo, by means of its powerfully creeping roots, eafily makes its way through any moorifh ground, and hence is often found in meadows themíelves, and though much {maller in fuch fituations, its ftriking characters are equally diftün&. Where it grows luxuriantly, its fpikes, efpecially the lowermoft of the female ones, frequently become branched, which gives them a very outré appearance, that may puzzle for a moment : as the male Ípikes on their firft appearance are fo eafily diftinguifhed by their pointed and angular appearance, fo the female fpikes, when nearly ripe, are diftinguifhed from the two others by having large, fomewhat inflated, and pointed capfules, flightly ' bifid at the extremity. A | The fynonyms of this and the two other fpecies are fo confounded together, that to trace them through all the writers that have written on the fubje& would be an endlefs tafk, it will be fufficient therefore to have quoted a few which may be depended on. ; pe | i The Acuta is next in fize, at leaft with refpe& to the breadth of its leaves, to the Riparia, and is found in fitua- tions exactly fimilar, indeed they very frequently grow together, and, from the great fimilarity of their foliage, may eafily be confounded ; when young, the bluntnefs of its male {pikes and obtufenefs of their Squamee, fo as totally to want any kind of Arifta, invariably diftinguifhes it from the Riparia, and though there is frequently a tendency in thefe {pikes to be three-cornered, yet the angles are always very obtufe, to which we may add that the colour of them before the Antherz come forth is much brighter, and fometimes a {pike is found perfe&ly brilliant; the fe- male fpikes, as well as thofe of the male, are fewer in number, as well as {maller; nor have they that tendency to be pendulous which thofe of the Riparia frequently have, the Capfules when ripe are alfo much fmaller, more nu- merous, and no ways inflated, but very fimilar to thofe of the gracilis; we may further remark, that while the Squame in the male Spikes before the burfting forth of the Antherz are invariably obtufe, thofe of the female fpikes are pointed, and that while this plant in its ftrong ftate may eafily be miftaken for the Riparia, in its weak ftate it approaches very near the recurva, which alfo is a fpecies perfe&ly diftinct, e C N N S x N SI x x atm PG T j "éd ———————— —-—————OQ——— ——— -———— ————— CT ————————— o— d th d rz Ce 207 gractles ‘Carex GRaciLIS. SLENDER SPIKED CaREx. CAREX gracilis fpicis mafculis et femineis pluribus, fubfiliformibus, floribus digynis. CAREX nigra vernavulgaris. Lin. Fl. Lap. 330. ? | CYPEROIDES anguflifolium, caule exquitite triangulari, afpero, fpicis floriferis pralongis, tenuioribus, feminalibus autem fpicis biuncialibus, et habitioribus, erectis, {quamis brevibus acutis, capfulis fpadiceo viridibus, rhomboideis, fubtriquetris. Michels Nov. Gen. p. 60. n. 40. GRAMEN cyperoides majus anguftifolium, Park, 1265. Ran 5f. 1293. Syn. p. 417. n. 2. Great narrow. leaved. vernal Cyperus-grafs. at) RADIX perennis, repens. ¥ROOT perennial and creeping. CULMUS in aquofis, bi feu tripedalis, in pratis humilior, ¥ STALK, in watery fituations two or three feet high, in | foliofus, nodofus, triqueter, angulis acutis, af- Y meadows not fo tall, leafy, jointed, three cor- perrimis. ! $ .nered, the angles fharp and very rough to the Y touch : FOEIA radicclia longa, viridia, vix glauca, lineas duas j LEAVES from the root long, of a green colour, fcarcely lata, ad margines et carinam afpera, vaginantia, y glaucous, two lines in breadth, on the edges ó»actealia lineam cum dimidia lata, inferiore Y and midrib rough, fheathing the ftalk, 6 -acieal (@orente planta) ípicis longiore. : leaves a line and a half in breadth, the lower-- ¥ moft, while the plant isin flower, longer than 2 A í the {pikes. | "EA | E SPICJE mafcule et femine diftinde, mafcule plerum- y SPIKES, both male and female, growing diftin&ly, the que tres, € fufco nigricantes, graciles; obíolete Y male generally three in number, of a browniih triquetra, mutantes, terminalis biuncialis, in- ¥ black colour, flender, faintly three cornered, ferior duplo aut triplo brevior, infima fepius ¥ drooping, the terminal {pike about two inches androgyna, longior, femineze tres aut quatuor, teretes, graciles, longitudine mafculi terminalis, teffiles feu breviter pedunculate, fubereQü, ni- gricantes. - in length, the next below twice or thrice as fhort, the lowermoft for the moft part andro- gynous and longer, female three or four, round, flender, length of the terminal male fpike, ictiile or ftanding on fhort footítalks, nearly upright nd blackifh. Mas. SQUAMZE ovato-acutz, aréte imbricate, carinate, e urpureo nigricantes, carina, fubviridi. fig. 1. auct. STAMINA: FILAMENTA tria, capillaria, alba; Aw- THERJ lineares, flavae, fig. 2. Fem. | SQUAM mafc. fimiles, magis vero oblonge ac ob-YSCALES asin the male, but more oblong and blunter, tufe. fig. 3. Y fa. 93: NECTARIUM oblongum, glabrum, ore integro; Y NECTARY. oblong, fmooth, the mouth entire; Gzn- GERMEN minimum ; STYLUS nectario longior; y MEN very imail; SryLE longer than the Nec- STIGMATA duo, villofa, fig. 4. 5. Y tary; STIGMATA, two, villous, jig. 4. 5. SEMEN triquetrum, minimum, intra nectarium. fig. 6. y SEED, three-cornered, very minute, within the neCtary, : Jig- 6. If the featon be mild, this plant and the Riparia flower in April, and ripen their feeds in June and July. The gracilis, though a flenderer plant both in ftalks, leaves, and ípikes. is equal in height where it grows in fi- milar fituations to either of the other two, but as this has a greater tendency at leaft in Batterfea Meadows to grow among the herbage, it is frequently found fhorter, and fometimes large patches of its foliage are vifible without any | flowering {pikes. ; This fpecies is diftinguifhed from the other two, not only by having narrower leaves, which want the glaucous colour of the other two, and flenderer fpikes, which in their young ftate are remarkably pendulous, fo as at firft fight to give this plant an appearance of the Carex pendula, but the temale flowers are conftantly and invariably di- gynous. My moft obliging friend Dr. GoopENoven, to whom | had communicated my thoughts on this fubject, examining thefe plants with his ufual accuracy, anticipated me in the difcovery of this moft important, moft necef- fary character; a character which in a moment decidedly diftinguifhes betwixt two plants, which without it would for ever have been liable to be confounded. We thould have been inclined to fuppofe that our gracilis was the acuta of Linnaeus, had he not quoted Micuexi’s figure, to which he adds the epithet dona, that figure is a tolerable reprefentation of our acura, but the {pikes are far too thick for thofe of the gracilis. This fpecies, which is equally common with the two others, flowers a week or two later. Agriculturally confidered, it is perhaps doubtful, whether we are to rank the Carices with the ufeful or the noxious plants; from what we have hitherto obferved, we fhould rather clafs them with the latter, not but we think the SNunci, Scirpi, &c. infinitely more injurious, yet ftill they occupy the room of better graffes; their principal merit is, that they afford early pafturage, yet their foliage is harfh and rough, and produétive of indifferent hay ; and fuch is the opinion of Linnzus, who, in his Flora Lappon, remarks that the Hufbandman is aot fond of {uch meadows as. are overrun with Carices, as they afford bad fodder and unprofitable pafturage ** nec pinguefcat bos cerzee $aflus acuia; unfortunately, however, when the prefent fpecies, or fuch as have fimilar creeping roots, have once got pof- feffion of the fon, they are the moft difficult plants poffible to eradicate. As articles of rural eeconomy, they arein mauy inftances highly ufeful ; in Hampfhire, Surry, and perhaps other hop counties, the leaves of theíe three fpecies are ufed indiferiminately under the name of Sedge, for tying the young hop plants to the poles. MicmEL: informs us, that in Italy they are ufed to cover their wine flafks, to make the common fort of chair bottoms, and that the Coopers in making tubs, &c. place them betwixt the ftaves to make them water-tight; to the comfort of the Laplander, they contribute in a high degree by defending him from the fe- verity MALE. SCALES ovate, pointed, lying clofely one over another, keeled, of purplifh black colour, the keel greeniíh, fig. 1. magnif. STAMINA: three Firraments, flender and white; ANTHERA linear and yellow, Jig. 2. uA R0 AMAL oH o 4 GA o4 He AGAR GL SL a. vetity of the weather; this is fo particularly defcribed by Linnzus in his Flor. Lappon. that we fhall tranflate it for fuch of our readers as may not have an opportunity of confulting the original, now become very fcarce. «Thou wilt wonder, perhaps, curious reader, in what manner human beings are capable of preferving life during ** the intenfe feverity of a winter's froft in Lapland, a part of the world deferted on the approach of winter by almoft ** every kind of bird and beaft. ! *€ "The inhabitants of this inhofpitable climate are obliged to wander with their Rhendeer flocks continually in the ** woods ; not only in the day-time, but through the longeft winter nights, their cattle are never houfed, nor do they ** eat any other food than Liverwort, hence the herdímen ; to fecure them from wild beafts, and other accidents, are ** of neceffity kept perpetually with them. The darknefs of their nights is in a great degree overcome and rendered ** more tolerable by the light of the ftars refle&ed from the fnow, and the Aurora Borealis, which in a thoufand fan- «€ taftic forms nightly illumines their hemifphere. The cold is intenfe, fufficient to frighten and. drive us foreigners * from their happy woods. No part of our bodies are fo liable to be deftroyed by cold as the extremities, which | - are fituated fartheft from the heart; the chilblains of the hands and feet, fo frequent with us in Sweden, fufficiently ** indicate this. In no part of Lapland do we find the inhabitants affected with chilblains, though in refpe@ to ** country one would expect them to be peculiarly fubject to this difeafe, efpecially as they wear no ftockings, while ** we cloath ourfelves in one, two, and even three pair. ** A Laplander preferves himfelf from the violence of cold in the following manner; he wears breeches, or rather ** trowfers, made of the rough fkin of the Rhendeer, which reach to his ankles, and fhoes made of the fame ma- ** terial, the hairturned outward; this grafs, cut down in the fummer, dried, rubbed betwixt the hands, and after- «© wards combed or carded, he puts into his fhoes, fo as not only wholly to enwrap his feet, but the lower part of ** his legs alfo, which, thus defended, never fuffer from the fevereft cold; with this grafs he alfo fills his hairy ** gloves to preferve his hands, andthusare thofe hardy people enabled to bear the froft. *: As this grafs in the winter drives away cold, fo in the fummer it checks the perfpiration of the feet, and pre- . € ferves them from being injured by ftones, &c. in travelling, for their fhoes are extremely thin, being made of un- <¢ tanned fkins. It is difficult to learn, on enquiry, what the particular fpecies of grafs is which is thus in requeft ** with thefe people, as fome ufe one fort, fome another. It is, however, always fome fpecies of Carex, and we ** underftood chiefly this.” | It is no lefs difficult to underftand what fpecies Linnmus himfelf means: he quotes Morrfoz's figure, which is a our fyloaticas yet, fays that theCarex grows in paludibus limo plenis, which that plant never does with us, it is moft likely, in our opinion, to be one or all of the three common fpecies here figured. | EUM 1G hee - VF z^ PARIETARIA OFFICINALIS .-PELLITORY OF THEWALL. PARIETARIA Lin. Gen. P4, Poryvcamta Monorecia: HermaPurop. Cu/. 4-fidus. Fem, Cal. 4-fidus. Cor, o. Stamina 4. Styh 1.’ Stm. t. fuperum, elongatum. Cor. -o. Stam. o. Stylus i. Sem. 1. fuperum, elongatum. Raii Syn. Gen. 5. HERBJ& FLORE IMPÉRFECTO SEU STAMINEO VEL APETALO POTIUS, PARIETARIA offcinalis foliis lanceolato-ovatis, pedunculis dichotomis, calycibus diphyllis. Lim Syf. Vegetab.. p.763. Sp: PL p. 1492. PARIETARIA foliis elliptico-lanceolatis, hirfutis, adler. Hifi. PARIETARIA officinalis. Scopoli PI. Carn. n. 1242. PARIETARIA SE ane et Diofcoridis. HELXINE Camerar. Epit. p. 849. PARIETARIA Ger. emac. vulgaris Parkinfi 43 Bauh. p. I2I. sO 221 Bag). (RAIL SYA py aks 3, Re las of the Wall. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 035. Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 442. Ocder- Fl. tan. 1. 52Ti RADIX perennis, fublignofa, rudens, fibrofa. YROOT perennial, fomewhat wooc dy, of a red colour, and $ fibrous. CAULES plures, fübere&i, dod inta: pedales et ul- : STALKS feveral, nearly upright, from nine inches toa tra, ramofiflimi, teretes. ftriati, folidi, rabentes, pubeicentes ; rami cauli fimiles, alterni, difton,¢ FOLIA a Iterna, petiolata, ovata, acuta, utrinque atte- nuata, integerrima, patentia, ud margines et Y venas fubtus precipue pubefcentia, fupra fatu- rate viridia, lucida, fubrugola, punctis promi- uulis adfperfa. PETIOLI longitudine fere diametri foliorum, pubef- centes, lupra canalicu!ati. FLORES parvi, herbacci, birfuti, “feffiles, in axillis fo- liorum n conglomerati hermaphroditi et feminel. Hermaphredi ii Flores duo continentur smvolucra hep- tap ashy tlo, periiffente, foliolis ovatis, acutis pla- nis, birfuus, hirtuue glandulofa. fg. 1. CALYX: PERIANTHIUM monophyllum, quadrifidum, planum, perfiltens. i8 9 9. COROLLA nulla, nifi CM em dicas. SLAMINA: FrtAMENTA quatuor, alba, tranfverfim 3 rugofa, inftante anthefi elaftice reGlientia, caly- cemque éxpandentia; ANTHERJE ovate, ob- tufz, didymz ; Potten album. jie. 4. PISTILLUM : Germen ovatum, viride, nidum, nu- dum; STYLus fihiormis; STIGMA penicil- liforme, capitatum, ruberrimum. — ff2. 6. : PERICARPIUM nullum. Periantbium elongatum, ma- jus, campauulatum, coloratom, deciduum ; ore laciniis conniventibus Glauwío. fig. 3. SEMEN unicum, ovatum, nitidum, in fundo perianthii, Femineus flos uus inter hermaphroditos ambos, in- tra involucrum. CALYX quadrifidus, hirfutus, erectus; germen involvens. CGROLLA nulla. PISTILLUM ut hermaphroditi, at fügma majus et paulo: inflexum. fiz. s. PERICARPIUM Ee ul SEMEN unicum ut in hermaphrodito, calvce quac ct vix mutato Sees Ju. 9. drifido 606 t PTT D. Ad XU NN TUE EA Dee m SDR foot or more in height, very much branched, round, ftriated, folid, reddith, and downv; branches like the eT al eos and fpreading. Y LEAVES alternate, | ftanding. on ESTE ovate, pointed, tapering towards act ME en- tire at the edge, ipreading, piro downy at the edge and on the veins of the under- -fide, on the upper-fide of a deep green colour, xr ning, fomewhat wrink led, and covered ove with fmal! prominent points. LEAF-STALKS nearly the length of the diameter of the leaves, downy, hollowed above. FLOWERS fmall, of a greenifh colour, rough, feffile, growing in C tuens in the ale of the lese es hermaphrodite and female, Two Hermaphrodite Flowers are contained in an in- volucrum compofed of feven leaves, and per- manent, the leaves ovate, pointed, flat, hirfute, the hairs glandelar at the extremities. “jig. 1. a PERIANTHiUM Of one leaf, deeply divided into four fegments, which are flat and perma- Dent. 9 Os | COROLLA none, unlefs the calyx be called fo. STAMINA: four FiraMENTs of ‘a white wrinkled tranfverfely, on the theddin pollen flying back with an ela pauding the c alyx; ANTHERJE err Gade YX: Sort ENTIER. NES OR MC n (CUN colour, g of the ifücity, PERS ex- ovate, obtuie, double; Potten white. fig. 4. PISTILLUM: GznMzN ovate, green, fhining and naked; Sryze filiform; »r16MA forming a bright fcarlet tuft. fig. SEED-V ESSEL none. The Periautb;um becoming clon- gated, larger, bell-fhaped, coloured and deci- duous ; the mouth fhut by the fegments clofi hing (as together. fie. 3. SEED. fingle, ovate, thining in the bottom of the perian- thium. Once Frane ow betwixt two hermaphrodite ones, within the involucrum. LYX divifible into four fegments, inclcüng the germen. + c JLL.A- none. TILLUM as 1n the hermaphrodites lomewhat larger, at id bent a lit EED-VESSEL none. BED fingle, like that of the hermaphrodites, inclofed in wee quadri ifid calyx, which is bur flightly aitered. fig. hairy, upright, ACA SS. 5* co RC PIS but the ftigma ‘tle down. ig. s. ) 5 2 3i 7, 8 The DIN . ‘The flowers of the Parietaria are fo fmall, and fo difficult to inveftigate, that we need not wonder at their being defcribed differently by different botanifts; Linn aus’s defcription, in his Genera Plantarum, accords beit with our obíervations, his therefore we have adopted with fome few alterations. We find only two forts of Bowers on this plant, viz. hermaphrodite and female; of thefe, two hermaphrodité and one female bloffom are generally placed together in one common involucrum, the female bloffom intermediate. To obtain a perfect idea of the manner in which the fru&ification is carried on, we muft examine thefe flowers at a very early period of their expanfion, we fhall then find in each involucrum three red ftigmata, the two outer- moít of which belong to hermaphrodite flowers, whofe ftamina are not yet vifible; the middle one, which is largeít and moft confpicuous, to the female. If we take a view of the fame bloffoms juít at the time that the elaftic filaments by their fudden expanfion fcatter the fertilizing duft of the anther, the ftyles and fhigmata of the hermaphrodite flowers, vifible before, will often be found wanting, and the germen left naked in the center of the flower; at this period of the blofioming, the fegments of the calyx in the fame flowers are nearly of the fame length as the filaments, the ftyle and ftigma of the female bloflom remain perfect, with its germen clofely furs founded by a green, hairy calyx, which never expands: the bloffoming period being now over, a confiderable alteration takes place in the calyx of the hermaphrodite flowers, each is confiderably elongated, becomes more tubular, aflumes a redder colour, has its tips prefled down, and foon drops out of the involucrum, in which it leaves no appearance of a feed; hence I was ready to conclude that thefe flowers, the imperfection of whote pifülla at a certain age had before been noticed, were certainly barren, but on opening them, I found in the bottom of each a feed perfectly fimilar to that produced by, and inclofed in the calyx of the female flower, which does not enlarge as the other does, but partaking more of the nature of a capíule, on preffure, divides at top into four parts, and contains a blackifh fhining feed. It may feem a little extraordinary, that the imperfect hermaphrodite flowers of this plant fhould produce per- fect feed ; but we fhould confider that they are perfect at firít, and that there always is a number of Autherz be- longing to flowers farther advanced burfting near them, from whofe pollen they may probably be impregnated. ScoPori defcribes male flowers on this plant, having a feffile, fhining, oblong, and pointed Ne&ary ; furely he muft confider the imperfect germen in the hermaphrodite flowers as a Nectarium, otherwife he fees farther than any of his contemporaries. The cürious manner in which thefe flowers fhed their Pollen, or fertilizing duft, is known to moft botanifts, but may be new to fome of our readers; each filament has a peculiarity of ftru&ture which renders it highly elaftic; there are four of them in number, ori their firft appearance they all bend inward; as foon as the pollen is arrived at a proper ftate to be difcharged, the warmth of the fun, or the leaft touch from the point of a pin, will make them inftantly fly back with a degree of force, and difcharge a little cloud of duft. This procefs is beft feen in a morning, when the fun fhines hot on the plant, in July and Auguít; if the plant be large, numbers will be feen exploding at the fame inftant. The Parietaria, which takes its name from its place of growth, is frequently found on walls, and among rub- bith, efpecially on the walls adjoining the Thames, both above and below Weftminfter-bridge, it is not a native of Sweden, or the more northern countries ; this autumn the fame degree of cold (viz. about 31 of Fahrenheit’s thermometer) which ftripped the mulberry of moft of its leaves, deftroyed the greateft part of its herbage, Mr. Purnip Miter (vide Dici. ed. 6. 410.) afferts that the Parietaria which grows wild in England is the Pellitory with a Bafil leaf, Parretaria Ocymi folio Baun. Pin. Parietaria judaica Lin. and that the offcinalis Lin. which he fays grows naturally in Germany and Holland, was not in England till the year 1727, when he firft introduced it; in this opinion Mr. Mirrzm ftands alone, and there is the greateft reafon to fuppofe that he is deceived, and the more fo, as the remainder of his account, in which he fays that ** the feeds are difficult to col- * Jeét, as they aye thrown out of their covers as foon as they are ripe with an elafticity," fhows extreme inat- tention. | As a medicinal plant more virtues appear to have been attributed to the Parietaria than it deferves; it has been ranked as an emollient, to which, in the opinion of FrovreR and CurrLEN, it has no pretenfious, as a diuretic it was an ingredient in the nephritic deco&ion of the late Edinburgh Diípenfatory, which is omitted in the prefent ; in this laft intention the exprefled juice has been given in the dofe of three ounces. Mr. Sorr, Apothecary of Bath, well known to the Botanic World, for his extenfive colle&ion of indigenous plants, informs me that he has obferved remarkably good effects from the juice of this herb in dropfical cates, in which other diuretics had failed ; he converts the juice into a thin fyrup, and gives two table-fpoonfuls or more thrice a day. Monf. Tournerort, {peaking of the Pariefaria, fays, ** Le firop de Parietaire foulage fort les hydropiques.” Hift. des Pl. de Paris, AURELIUS Vicror informs us, that ConsrantTine beftowed on the Emperor Trajan the name of Parietaria, becaufe his ftatues and his inícriptions, like that herb, were found on all the walls of Rome. Le Meme. It is recommended to be laid on the corn in granaries, for the purpofe of driving away that deftru&ive infe& the Weevil. JBradhy's Farm. DACs, onap a — : iE i en E quaes thu M. 2 ETE y d ieevtotila: m aetasgidbat, nook Lau e Rite Asl der : ETE busd.. jy Nani 355 a Mrerollog *, ba CN orsus | alites Gowran Levit: eun. | vert dw bcbiribs adiit b i n T oibort rap Moni x ird un — "EY Y GU E cgi M quf UR —— a P ; Lob ( jos i bata: DR TTE zl p blam "anat MU ‘ft BIO 3 od t ro a esl 4p Pn Te get itia j uua duy uut p disp 4 ae ji sae E wee au gots wt ETE S A Sey d qae. Masi Bb. dr uia abii gua Vine So pegs si. has spi ub ius * i D iaitigr vá ie Wu i MM n edes d Tk. Adria eva ejelq io Fal ar s vga. do vi 5 H "NM [^P ks i Bow 2 + uly Feet zl LE wont 2 03% sitis de deest EQUISETUM ARVENSE. Corn HoRSE-TAIL. EQUISETUM Lin. Gen, Pl CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES, | Spica fru&ificationibus peltatis, bafi dehifcentibus, multivalvi. Rari Syn. Gen. 4. HEKRBJE CAPILLARES ET AFFINES. EQUISETUM arvenfe {capo fru&tificante nudo; fterili frondofo. Lin, Syft. Pegetab. p. 457. Sp. Pl.'p, 1516. 44 Suec. n. 928. EQUISETUM caule florigero nudo, fterili verticillato, radiorum duodecim. Haller. Hifi. n. x676. EQUISETUM arvenfe. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 1253. EQUISETUM arvenfe longioribus fetis. Baub, Pin, 16. Parkins. 1202. Rai Hyf. p.130. Corn Horfe-tail. | EQUISETUM fíegetale Ger. emac. 1114. HIPPURIS minor cum flore. Dod. Pempt. p.73 EQUISETUM minus terreftre. AB. HL. 730. Hudfón. Fl. Angled. 2. p. 265. Lightfoot FL Scot. p. 647. RADIX perennis, gracilis, nigra, articulata, infigniterf ROO'T' perennial, flender, black, jointed, exceedingly reptans, fibris nigricantibus e geniculis exortis y creeping, with tufts of black fibres fpringing capillata. ¥ from the joints. _ ‘ SCAPI feminiferi ante caules frondofos prodeuntes, et} STALKS producing the feeds fpringing up before the cito marcefcentes, craffitie culmi tritice1 ma- t leaf-ftalks, and foon withering, the thicknefs joris, palmares aut dodrantales, | erecti, nudi, Y of a large wheat-ftraw, a hand's-breadth or lutefcentes, geniculati, geniculis 2. 3. 5. vagi- ¥ more in height, upright, naked, yellowith, nis multifidis, nervofis, membranaceis, cir- jointed; joints from two to five, covered with cumveftiti. membranous, ribbed fheaths, divided at top into numerous fegments or teeth. SPICZE íeminiferz terminales, oblong, obtufz, un- SEED-SPIKES terminal, oblong, obtufe, about an inch :ciales. in length. CAPSULZE feu thecz feminifere plurime, angulate, $ CAPSULES, P feed-cafes, numerous, angular, upright, erecta, circa receptaculum proprium collocate, Y placed together round a partial receptacle, and et fcuto orbiculato lutefcente tecte, fig. t. de- Y covered with a yellowifh orbicular fhield, ff. 1. mum introrfum dehifcentes et pulverem viref- Y finally opening inwardly, and throwing out a centem effundentes, fig. 2. 3. auct. fig. 4. : greenifh powder, fig. 2. 3. magnified, frg. 4. ¥ Y «€«€«€- 6 22] CAULIS pedalis et ultra, in apricis obliquus, ftriatus, 2 STALIK a foot or more in height, in open fituations {cabriufculus, geniculatus. Yagine numerote, oblique, ftriated, roughifh, jointed. The Sheaths denticulatze. Y numerous and toothed. FOLIA verticillata, octo circiter in fingulo verticillo,s LEAVES whirled, about eight in each whirl, fimple, fimplices, cauli fimplices. + and like the ftalk. | Experiment and obfervation, which have difcovered perfect feeds, if not real Stamina and Piftilla, in fome of the plants of this hidden clafs, have hitherto failed in afcertaining what the powder is, which is contained in fuch abundance in the fpikes of the Horfe-tail, different Botanifts differing widely in their opinions concerning it. LiNwGUs and ScoroL:i confider it as the true feed of the pint: HaLLer and ApANson as the male duft; and fo ftrongly was the laft mentioned author of this opinion, that he removed it from the cryptogamous plants, and placed it with the family of the pines, from which, however, as SCOPOLI very judicioufly obferves, it differs foro cela. We fat down to examine the fructification of this plant, in full expectation of finding Pollen not Seed contained in its cells. We conceived, a riori, that a fubftance fo delicately formed, and fo rapid in its growth, could fcarcely produce capfules with ripe feeds; but we rofe from our examination in the full belief of the powders being the real feed, fo far as we could judge from its ftru&ure and ceconomy: actual vegetation. muft however be proved, before we can arrive at certainty in this matter. : If a little of the powder be fhaken out of the fpike on a piece of white paper, a moderate magnifier difcovers a motion in it, efpecially if it be breathed on. A fimilar motion is obferved in the capfules of the Ferns when they throw out their feeds; and in the fine powder contained in the heads of the Jungermannia, if we apply a very confiderable magnifier to this powder, we find its motion arife from a very different principle from that which actuated the two former. Here every particle of the powder has three or four, very rarely five, fine, pellucid threads, which are club-fhaped at the extremity. Thefe threads are claftic, and, by-variouily extending and curling themielves up, occafion the motion which is fo perceptible. Monf. Apanson, who has minutely defcribed this feed as pollen, compares the appearance it fometimes aflumes to a fpider with its legs ftretched out. Although thefe motions, which are extremely fingular and diverting, are plainly feen with a good magnifier, we never could difcover the body of the feed to make any fort of explofion as Pollen would, under fimilar circumftances of expofure. The proper time to examine this curious phenomenon is in April, when the plant produces its fpikes. — — | The medicinal virtues of the Equifetum are too problematical to deferve notice. Writers on the Materia Medica rank it with the aftringents. The Farmer is deeply interefted in a knowledge of this plant, as it is not only one of the moft troublefome and difficult weeds to extirpate that we are acquainted with, but noxious even to cattle, efpecially kine. HALLER relates a particular cafe in which it proved fatal to a young heifer, by bringing on an incurable Diarrhea. Many parts of Batterfza Fields exhibit this plant in perfe&ion. It fometumes is found in meadows and under hedges; and, according to its fituation, like all other plants, aflumes a variety of appearances. : E | | | S M Nees H xe d 3 N -: D QUE i E y ur. | 2 od D 4 i ^ = - a - Bes "n Lf b CUT Th d a da d a : RTT: - - erm prem onions pepe tiom id otn Kies ralis Sy dois iet ' akin e qi i oma WI ne 4 Mio imd. bo allón pb? pr X qniieiitquug c eus $71 Syopt- eileronnol - be. dor. 1s ak, ae E ml bns Adag pati uu ee 1 gaiwory cole po aoega- p e Me EXVAE 1 wol ot: p ce «dni ergs i aiibga ront geibendi Moaniqqu e ody ce a " $3 Es elie aligned. ni i ohare j9. donis dig "fuysat tud alblsion. yo. iostod «i. cross yw dread 3o ono 2ajugzigt: sab So get dis xni iid a ety Stakl-5' iy reo » Baie Fm6238 M bos E PN Y SUN S , ein ! r longa Vail ad Ste, | ^ ‘tryary Th i aS Abs 3 ve nl jm S. $/ doltóot "üc Me ibt Bund! L ^ b nS doo | ter 4 Aaa adi no ave BRYUM BARBATUM. BEaRDED BRYUM. BRYUM Lin. Gen. Pl. Cryprocamia Muscr. Anthera operculata. Calyptra levis. PZamentum e tuberculo terminali ortum. Rati Syn. Gen, 1. Musct. BRYUM barbatum antheris ere&is oblongis barbatis, operculo acuminato obliquo, pedunculis lateralibus. BRYUM unguiculatum et barbatum tenuius et ftellatum, Dillen. Mufc, tab, 48. fig. 48. Small ftar- topped, clawed, and bearded Heads. DENSISSIMIS cae(pitibus modo Bryi purpurei ad muros Y FORMS a thick turf on walls and banks, in the manner et aggeres nafcitur. fig. 1. i of the Bryum purpureum. fig. 1. CAULICULI femunciales aut paulo plus, ramofi, crest, STALKS half an inch or fomewhat more in height, foliofi. jig, 2, 3. Y branched, upright, and leafy. fig. 2, 3. FOLIA e luteo-viridia, denía, lanceolata, acuta, infe- YLEAVES of a yellowifh-green colour, growing thick rioribus fuberectis, fupremis patentibus. jig. 4. ¥ together, lanceolate, pointed, the lowermoft auc. i nearly upright, the uppermoft fpreading ; fg. | i 4. magnified. PEDUNCULI femunciales et ultra, ex imo feu ex medio 3 PEDUNCLES half an inch or more in length, pro- nunquam e fummitate furculi enati, fingulares Y ceeding from the bottom or middle, but never vel plures ex eodem furculo, rubentes, nitidi, ¥ from the top of the furculus, one or feveral flexuofi, bulbillo oblongo nudo fuperne LoT from the fame furculus, red, fhining, crooked, preediti. jig. 5. furnifhed at bottom with a naked oblong bulb, red at top. jig. 5. CAPSULE fuberectz, tenues, oblonga, acuminate, oli- ¥ CAPSULES nearly upright, flender, oblong, pointed, vaceg, nitida. fig. 6. Calypira longa, acu- of an olive colour, and fhining. fg. 6. Calyp- minata, parum obliqua. fig. 7. Operculum tra long, pointed, a little oblique. Jig. 7. longum, tenue. 7g. 8. Cile aurantiacz, feu Operculum Yong, and flender. Jig. 8. Cue coccineze fpirae modo contortze. jig. 9. orange-coloured or fcarlet, twifted in the form of a fcrew. jig. 9. E4444 i : Y + Y Y The mofs here reprefented is undoubtedly the Bryum figured by Dir.rEN1vUs, in his forty-fifth plate, forty-eighth figure, Neither Linnzus nor Mr. Hupson make mention of it. We are convinced, however, from repeated obfervations, that it is a fpecies perfectly diftin&t. It approaches very near to the Bryum imberbe and unguiculatum. From the former it differs in having the Antherz or Capfules terminated by long twifted ciliz, and in having the peduncles always proceeding from the bafe of the furculus: this laft character alfo ftrikingly diftinguifhes it from the unguiculatum. | It is not unfrequent about London, efpecially in the environs of Charlton, on walls, and barren hilly ground, with the Bryum purpureum and cefpititium, and produces its fru&ifications in December, Fanuary, and February. GEE: mp €^ Vo m A AUR Z MEER PS pertes zr CUN ooi en Lr b de P ee Ae 124 ^ PHASCUM ACAULO N. CoMMON PHASCUM. PHASCUM Lin. Gen. Pl. CaverocaMrA Musct. | Calyptra minima. Oferculum nullum. | Rai Syn. Gen. 3. Musct. ; PHASCUM acaulon anthera feffili foliis ovatis acutis. Lin. Sy?.Veget. p. 794. Sp. PL 1570. Fl. Suec. 960. PHASCUM czfpidatum caulefcens, folis ovatis cufpidatis patulis: terminalibus erectis conniventibus. Schreber. de Phafco. t. 1. f. 1, 2. | | , SPHAGNUM acaulon foliis ovato-lanceolatis, pilo ariftatis. Haller. H/ff, 1726. SPHAGNUM acaulon bulbiforme majus. Dill. Mufe. 251. t. 32. f. 11. Rai Sym ios. Lightfoot Fi, Scet.p. 695. Hudfon Fl. Angl. p. 466. — Oeder Pl. Dan. t. 249. f. 1. PHASCUM SUBULATUM. HEATH PHASCUM. PHASCUM {ubulatum acaule, anthera feffili, foliis fubulato-fetaceis patulis. Lin. Sy/. Vegetad. p. 792. $5. TA 1570. | PHASCUM /ubulatum caulefcens, foliis lanceolato-linearibus patulis. Schreber de Phafco, p. 80. SPHAGNUM acaulon trichodes, Heller. Hifi. n. 1727. Dillen. Hift. Mufc. 251. t. 32. f. 10. Oeder FL Dan.t. 249. Ligbifoot Fl, Scot. p. 693. — Hudfon. Fs. Angl. p. 466. DirnrExiUs, who drew the figures of his incomparable work on mofles, without ufing glafles of any confiderably magnifying power, or, perhaps, without attending fo much to the ‘minutia of the parts of fructification as the practice is at prefent, defcribed thefe plants as having mo Calyptra, and united them with the genus Spsagnum. Linn#@us afterwards made a diftinét genus of them, but without correcting the error of his predeceffor. The following is the defcription of the genus Pha/cum, which he gives in th 6th edition of the Genera Plantarum. Mafculus fios fubfeffilis vel brevi pedunculo, Car. Calyptra nulla. ANTHERA oyalis ore ciliato, te&ta operculo acuminato. Recerr. Apophyfis nulla. Femineus fos. Several Botanifts afterwards defcribing and delineating the calyptra, Linn mus, in the 13th edition of his Sy/ema Nature, publithed by Murray-under the title of Syffema Vegetabilium, alters it thus : ANTHERA operculata: ore ciliata. Calyptra caduca, minuta. | This generic defcription, thus altered, is adopted by Mr. Hupson, without any remarks on its inapplicability to the Englifh Phafca. He fhould have informed us, that, however well the character might accord with any foreign Phafcum, the Ezg//fb ones, at leaft both thefe here figured, which are the moft common, have neither Operculum nor Cilie. Of this we are fully convinced from repeated examination; and have the pleafure of having our experiments confirmed by the accurate and ingenious SCHREBER, who, in his moft excellent Monographia, Obfer- vationes de Pbafco, has the following paffages: ** Suturam, qua plerorumque mufcorum vafcula infra apicem, ubi ** deinde operculum abfcedit, cinguntur, in nulla hujus generis fpecie obfervare potui. Operculum enim Phaícis in univerfum omnibus deeft, et vafculum undique in extremum apicem ufque clauditur, fine ullius determinate aperture veftigio, quamobrem compreffum utcumque rump: folet. Cilia igitur in quocumque Phaíco fruftra ‘© quzrerentur." Again, fpeaking of the Capfule, he fays: ** Peécfem in ea nullus adeft nec ullam aperture cujufdam determinate aut foraminis, emiflioni contentorum infervientis, veftigium reperire unquam potui. Non enim fponte aperitur, fed integra perfiftit; donec maxima foliorum pars putruerit, quod in P5. pilifero fepius obíervavi, aut e folus ** apertis integra elabitur." This fingular deficiency then, both of the Operculum and Cilia, forms, in our opinion, the beft criterion by which to diftinguith this genus of plants, and we have altered the generic character accordingly. Peters CUM AGAUL ON: i POH A SG. U Maes UB. UIT AIOUM, THERE is no mofs more common on the moift banks ¥ THE Phafcum fubulatum is not fo frequently met with about London than the Phafcum acaulon; but as as the acaulon, yet is not uncommon on heaths, it exhibits no appearance of fructification till Y in the fand pits about Charlton, and on dry in an, advanced ftate, and then only to thel banks in a variety of places. They are both inquifitive obferver, it generally pafles unno- ¥ found in fructification from December to fa- ticed. Mr. Licurroor gives a fhort, but very Y nuary. expreflive, defcription of it, as follows: ** The¢In this fpecies the capfule, though fmaller, is much * leaves, when young, connive together, in ¥ more diftinétly feen, and its calyptra is vifible the form of a {mall oval bulb, about one- even to the naked eye. Like the other, it varies fixth of an inch long, and hide the csl d much in fize, as alfoin the length, of its pe- which 1s oval and orange-coloured at firft, buti duncle. Mr. ricHrrooT confiders it as the when ripe fuícous and fhining, and about the Y leaft of our Englifh plants; but Mr. pickson, fize of a millet feed." We have reprefented $ of Covent-Garden, who may juftly be called. 6 no & L3 c w nm Lad LAS the plant at ffe. 1. as it ufually grows on the ground; fig. 2, 3. detached plants of their natural fize; fig. 4. a plant magnified; fig. 5. a fingle leaf y magnified ; fig. 6. the anthera or capfule mag- Y nified ; fig. 7. the calyptra alfo magnified, i Y Y maximus in minimis, has difcovered a Phafcum, the ferratum of ScHREBER, which is certainly ten times fmaller. Fig. 1. reprefentsthe fubu- latum as it ufually grows; jig. 2, 3. detached plants; fig. 4. a plant magnified; fig. 5. a fin- gle leaf magnified; fg. 6. the capfule; fig. 7. the calyptra magnified. ‘ Pa hap e v. nr wk ; " Lo dI SA aE wai HE Gee ed Oy hie yume a aaa inc ene Hosen Hs Ak d HS zx : $us £t "ME Fo Munt; cii * IS sb ont cnl ve Ped uou a. M se I DM i i Wah AT EN ite 1 rere," WC deis ELLA e Eoi ie S LN Me sions a Y.35 1o ich Mie Be cae a rae n * si a PT 4 S bu SEO ak Ra M Y ME ect (X : on Ae yr ip Y sam wef D Vu tes UE UTE x io cal hoc S TP i € a di GI Ad b JUNGERMANNIA COMPLANATA. Fiat JuNGER- | MANNIA. JUNGERMANNIA. Lin. Gen. P]. Cryprocamia Aro. Masc. pedunculatus, nudus. _4athera quadrivalvis. FEM. feffilis, nudus, ferninibus fubrotundis. Rau Syn. Gen. 19. Muscr. JUNGERMANNIA complanata farculis repentibus, foliolis inferne auriculatis, duplicato-imbricatis, ramus zqualibus. Lim, Syff. Vegetab. p. 803. Sp. Pl. p. 1599. FI. Suec. 1041. Weis. Cryptog. p. 124. 4 JUNGERMANNIA foliis rotundis alterne imbricatis, caule plano multifloro, fetis breviffimis. Haller Hif. n. 1860. JUNGERMANNIA complanata: furculo reptante, foliis fubrotundis ferie duplici ordinatis, fubtus appendiculatis ; vaginis ramorum plano-truncatis. Necker. Meth. Muf. p. 142. LICHENASTRUM imbricatum majus fquamis compreffis et planis. Dillen. Mufe. 496. f. 72. f. 26. JUNGERMANNIA foliis circinatis imbricatim difpofitis ex viridi flavefcentibus. Michel. Gen. RECESSU To De LICHENASTRUM imbricatum majus, Rai Svz. 111. Hudfon. Fl. Angl. p. 514. Lightfoot Fi. ‘Scot. . p. 781. Defcriptio ex W EIS. ; Defcription from W ETS. SURCULIS varie longitudinis, ab unciali ad biuncialem Y SURCULI of various lengths, from one to two inches, longitudinem, planis, inordinate ramofis, ad Y flat, irregularly branched, creeping on the cortices arborum, latis czefpitibus repit. Y bark of the trees in large patches. FOLIOLA denfe imbricata, alterna, rotunda, fubpellu- 3 LEAVES of a pale yellow-green colour, clofely imbri- cida, plana, furcuh nervum fuperne tegunt; y cated, alternate, round, fomewhat tranfparent, inferne nervo adherent parve, rotundz {qua- $ flat, above entirely covering the mid-rib of the mule. Color pallide e luteo viridis. Recensy furculus, beneath {mall round fcales adhere to mollis tactu eft, aqua madida tota flaccefcit. Y the mid-rib, the whole plant, when frefh, is Ad extremitates, et paflim ad exortum ramo- ¥ foft to the touch, moiftened with water it lorum prodeunt 72ecz plane, íquamis duplo¥ grows flaccid. At the extremities, and here vel triplo longiores, dilute virides, truncate, § aud there at the origin of the branches, pro- e quibus /é/z breves, lineam non excedentes Y ceed flat /heaths appearing truncated or cut off emergunt, tenuiffimze, cum parvis nigris capi- Y at top, from whence proceed fhort fetz or pe- tulis, in fufcas lacinulas pilofas diffilientes. Y duncles about a line in length, very flender, i and terminated by fmall black heads {plitting i into four brown hairy fegments. Y Fig.4. Planta magn. nat. iP. 1. The plant of its natural fize. Pig. 2. Pars ejuídem lente aucta, y fg. 2. A part of the fame magnified. Fig. 3. Pars ejufdem inferior. y Fig. 3. he underfide of the fame. Fig. 4. 'Theca teu Vagina. y fag. 4. The Cafe or Sheath. Fig. 5. Pedunculas. iP. 5. The Peduncle. Fig. 6. Capitulum adhuc integrum. y Fig. 0. The Capitulum as yet entire. ; NX Fig. 7. Capitulum findens pulveremque {pargens. D 7. The Capitulum fplitting and difcharging its | Y powder. Fig. 8. Capitulum demiflo pulvere. Y Fig. 8. The Capitulum with the powder difcharged. The name of ‘Jungermannia was given to this genus by Micuexi in honour of JuxGERMANNUs, a botanift of the laft century. ' 3 P we As Linnaus confiders the Capfules of the Mofles as the duthere containing Pollen, fo in like manner he regards the Capitula of the prefent genus as containing Pollen alto, and the little apparently pulverulent balls, vifible only ' jn a few of the Yuneermannia, but found on moft of the Maia as the female flowers, producing feeds. Vid. Gene- ona few ot tne Jungerma ; ric Gbaracigr. : : ae ; ; p. 24 With all due deference to fuch refpe&table authority, we are of opinion, that the character of this genus would be lefs complex, and equally complete, without calling in thofe balls or {pherophylli, as Necxzr terms them, at all. a A . ° 2 f The Cat iude, or little heads, fphtting when ripe into four parts, replete with a fine powder (whether pollen or dr qa ! A Y wn ry 5 A E DUE F £ 7 . . . feed is immaterial) attached to numerous hairs growing to the infide of the Capitula, are characters which will in o estat tics any ri à d P ae M P ; - Tat E . all cates fufficiently difünguifh this genus. "Phe little heads of thefe plants are capable of affording much micro- {copie entertainment. dake a head ready to burft open, place it before the microfcope, afflift its opening with the point of a needle, and the elaftic hairs on the infide will inftantly appear in motion, and throw off the globules attached to them in great numbers, and with confiderable force. The prefent fpecies is one of the moft common of this genus. and may be found in great plenty and perfeétion i í - A qe 1 ^ = eee uis A a S J Ze. Ns Foul "T. r about the end of Fanuary, {preading on the bark of the Qak ana other trees in woods, particularly Charlton Wood. Cae hes Men: LAS : i 1 Me SCENE [bum n CIUS UC It is diftinguifhable from another, equally common, by the pac green colour of its leaves. Aet seus Angee Le ce det 5 seas in di (n p m i E Abt x ; A n qiii eria: yf Got 'udgtóo aa NEUE AO “4 + N 8 Hi m A ovs " Es ! . t ! : : E . ^ B B , ze a d v s i ; Y on Fere eet { tet ante aes atl fl a a eat c ——M— p Me S ax. " L M E D » / if : d [ ab idi adi arae: ni sion 30. fa: | E HS > 36593 MN. : ups ) , «od . mottod 5; tirodiud. eogatigto TOT " ; . - dinhisom xHuispog bas | ifs Bi ong 13 ; ) .gokg3t get ; qe us rr OW ^o iotonmoo JU etum Og DAÜiCDEIBiIlU |e Ty est ha P Ra e by > 4 4 ‘ a dauknieart Tots Tek 2051 0602 10 LUOLMIOUE Vf ap ARE RE PHOL. | INR: STD. ae 5 ! BER LA (m ‘ EC UL vut Dii. Sow Jotiegqu. Su | eas : my qEOES "pte an: aset sib. dr suu e recur dr (gg ee is a ik ea » ; 2 aN " * T T PN , : i: 7 ; d * E : gen be Hag S05 Sanit «sd Ei As eae Siu d $3. peel i + » . . D VEN HI bat th oar it i d | Wir: es Y e * af T E f p : r eves bearer: > x ‘. ba E x eJ Ü E " 2 " : ees CAU) ? cT Y) LV SDN. REED E NER Weeder 3 oth M ob rossi t rolicy HL : 1 .' wc» oe E PR ae d er m z i^ a^^ Ro UM » * 4 M £c Bi E. mutis ura T a DER i m P . AWE Jo ois dese eit we E | | 1 ) y Y x d L e p ed $1617 nm | ih —Ó— : 1 qan TOt gr: TR AGARICUS PROCERUS. TALL MusHROOM. AGARICUS Liz. Gen. Pi. Cryprocamia Funct. Fungus horizontalis, fubtus lamellofus. Rai Syn. Gen. 1. Funct. AGARICUS anulatus füpitatus, pileo campanulato fubfufco fquamofo, lamellis albidis, ftipite bulbofo anulato. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 1025. AGARICUS procerus ftipitatus pileo hemifphzerico lacerato-fquamofo rufefcente cinereo, lamellis albis, ftipite longo cylindrico acetabulo inferto. Hudfon Fi. Angl. ed. 2. p. 612. AGARICUS procerus. Scopolt Fl. Carn. n. 1465. AMANITA petiolo procero, anulato, in acetabulum pilei immiffo, pileo fquamofo et maculato, lamellis albis. Haller. Hifl. ny 2371. | AGARICUS ; pileo papillari, amplifimo, in margine fornicato, lacero et filamentofo; petiolo anu- lato procero, inferius tumido, pilei acetabulo inferto. Gledit/th. Fung. p. 114. FUNGUS pileolo lato, longiffimo pediculo variegato. C. B. Pin. 371. n. 24. FUNGI longiffimo pediculo candicantes, fed maculati efculenti, 7. B. III. 826. Raii Syn. p. 3. n. 10. Schaf. Fung. t. 22, 23. STIPES folitarius, fpithameus, et ultra, craflitie in- fSTALK fingle, fix inches or more in height, the thick- dicis, bafi bulbofus, fiftulofus, fig. 3, albidus, : nefs of the forefinger, bulbous at bottom, hol- Íquamis fufcis plerumque notatus. Y low, fg. 3, whitifh, and generally mottled Y with brown fcales. VOLVA ampla, perfiftens, lacera, bilamellofa, lamella $ RUFFLE large, permanent, torn, compofed of two inferiore membranacea, fubfufca, PEDO ^ lamellze or coats, the lowermoft membranous, - alba, {pongiofa. Y and brownifh, the uppermoft white and Y fpongy. FILEUS palmaris et ultra, primo fubglobofus, deiny CAP three inches and more in diameter, at firft campanulatus, demum planus, fquamis fufcis, y roundifh, then bell-fhaped, and laftly flat, floccidis, circa verticem crebioribus, maculatus ; $ ipotted with brown, flaky, fcales; thickeft vertex tumidus, coriaceus ;. caro crafhtie la- y round the crown; crown prominent and lea- mellarum, alba, molliffima, fpongiofa. Y thery, flefh the thicknefs of the gills, white; y very foft and fpongy. LAMELLAE. conferte, fragiles, albide, bafi in margi- Y GILLS numerous, brittle, whitifh, inferted at their nem acetabuli pilei infert, pulverem fubtilifli- bafe into the edge of the cup of the cap, mum cineraicentem fpargentes. jig. I, 2. throwing out a very fine afh-coloured powder. Vei ue AEE CELE KE This Mufhroom, inferior to few in point of elegance, is frequently found in Woods, and dry hilly Paftures, among Heath, Broom, &c. in the months of September and October; I have found it in the environs of Hornfey Wood, aud The Spamard, Hampftead Heath ; in Richmond Park, and many other places. It is a well-known Muthroom, and eafily diftinguifhed from all others by its tallnefs, its bulbous bafe, its large ruffle, its fpongy cap, which is flaky, or fcaly, not warty at top, and which, as Mr. Ligutroor juftly Obferves, feparates it from the verrucofus, with which it has no fmall affinity. I have feen it ex-ofzd to fale in Covent Garden market, for the true eatable one, but a Connoiffeur will diftin- guifh it by the fponginefs of its flefh, which renders it in a great degree unfit for eating. hill j i AMI | I} || a | | | P» | | ftt | ' | ll 4 TUI | Ji | | il i MI du JM kh M ON CS f T m ; T PT » n (179 NET Aue eju Yl. huir ros ug V Qa bas) AGARICUS VELUTIPES. VELVET-STALK'DMusHROOM: AGARICUS Lin. Gen. Pl. CRyerocAMIA Funer, Fungus horizontalis, fubtus lamellofus, Rai Sym. Gen. 1. FUNG. AGARICUS velutipes fafciculofus, pileo planiufculo fulvo, ftipite nudo, teiiertime villofo, fuliginofa. FUNGUS glutinofus colore aurantio. Vaillant Bot. Paris. p. 72. 8. t. 12. Jig. 8, 9. FUNGUS fafciculofus, pileo orbiculari lutefcente, pediculo fufco, teberrime villofo, lamellis ex flàvo candicantibus. Raa Sym ed. 3. p. 9. | Ex ligno putrefcente, feu arboribus cefis, coacervatim y This Fungus ufually grows in clufters, out of decayed plerumque nafcitur hic fungus. | M wood or felled trees. VOLV A. ad radicem nulla. Y SHEATH or egg at the root wanting. SIIPES in planta mediz magnitudinis longitudine in- Y STALK in plants of a middle fize about the length of dicem, craflitie pennam anferinam zequat, teres, the forefinger, and thicknefs of a goofe-quill, haud infrequenter compreffus, fiftulofus, te- round, not unfrequently flat, hollow, velvety, nerrime villofus, feu velutinus, inferne prz- on the lower part, efpecially in the old Ones, iertim in vetuftis e rufo-nigricans, fuligine of a reddi(h black colour, as.if tinged with quafi infe&us, carneá citrinà, in tenuiflima fila foot, the flefh citron coloured, and feparable fericea partibili. : into filk-like threads. ANNULUS nullus. * RING, or ruffle, wanting. PILEUS uncialis ad triuncialem, modice convexus, y CAP from one to three inches in diameter, moderately fzepe difformis, fulvus, glutinofus; LaMELLE ¥ I Convex, often fhapelefs, of an orange or tawny plurimz, inequales, ex albido-lutefcentes, in colour, flimy ; GILLs numerous, unequal, of majoribus et fenefcentibus fungis craflie, coria- a whitith yellow colour, in the larger and cee, lutec, ad marginem pilet undulatz, lon- older fungi thick, leathery, yellow, waved gioribus bafi auriculatis, omnibus venofis ; towards the edge of the cap, the longer ones PoLLEN cinereum, ear'd at the bafe, and all of them veiny; PorrEN, or feed, afh-coloured. 4€4€4€4€46«€Xe€4€ REECE LE HELE LE KEKE Many of the fungi, like the more perfe& plants, make their appearance only at a certain period of the year ; others are continually fpringing up and producing their fruétifications, almoft regardlefs of particular feafons, of the latter kind is the fungus here figured, at leaft it may be found from September to January in the greateft plenty. It ufually grows out of dead, or decaying wood, efpecially willow and elm, and almott always in clufters of different fizes, according to particular fituations; at the bottoms of old willow-trees I have often feen fifty or more in a clufter, with the caps of fome of the largeft almoft as broad as the palm of one’s hand, while on fmall rotten (ticks the clufter has confifted of not more than three or four, with caps not more than half an inch in diameter, but however it may vary in regard to fize, &c. it luckily has a character which always readily diftinguifhes it, and this is its velvety and footy ftalk, moft confpicuous in thofe which are advanced. Rav's fynonym and defcription correfpond pretty accurately with our fungus; Mr. Hubsow appears to have overlooked or confounded it with fome other fpecies; VAILLANT has given a good figure, and accurate defcription of it, in his moft elegant work the Botanicon Parifienfe. To the tafte this mufhroom is rather agreeable, and devoid of all acrimony, perhaps it may be eaten with fafetv, it is not however of the kind recommended by Horace, —— pratenfibus optima fungis Natura eff: alis male creditur. EN SSS e j- j : AGARICUS FLOCCOSUS. SHAGGY MUSHROOM. AGARICUS Lin. Gen, P/. Funct. Fungus horizontalis, fubtus lamellofus, Rai Syn. Gen. 1. Funci. ; AGARICUS flccofus ftipitatus fafciculofus, pileo ftipiteque pilofo-fquamofis, e flavo-fufcis. PICROMYCES tunicatus. Bafarr. p.47. t. 9.H, AGARICUS floccofus. Scheffer. Icon. Fung. t. 61. Habitat ad radices arborum, plerumque cefpitofus. Y Found at the roots of trees, and generally in clufters. STIPES palmaris et ultra, craffitie digit: minimi feu $ STALK four inches,or more in height, the thicknefs of major, fubcylindraceus, firmus, carnofus, vixY the little finger or larger, fomewhat cylindri- fiftulofus, interne albus, fupra annulum nudus, i cal, firm, flefhy, {carcely hollow, white within, infra filamentofus, pileo concolor. i above the ring naked, below fhaggy, of the i fame colour as the cap. ANNULUS parvus, paulo infra pileum pofitus, Y RING fmall, placed a little beneath the cap. VELUM araneofum, fugaciflimum. Y VEIL cob-webby and very fugacious. PILEUS: Pier diameter fefquiuncialis ad palmarem, $ CAP : from an inch and a half to four inches in dias flavo-fufcus, convexus, in centro nonnunquam Y meter, of a yellow-brown colour, convex, faftigiatus, pilofo-fquamofus. Lamelle plu- fometimes rifing to a point in the middle, rim, confertz, inaequales, ex albo lutefcentes. Y fhaggy. Gulls numerous, clofe, irregular, of Y a yellowifh-white colour. *€«€ It doth not appear, that this Mufhroom is defcribed either by Mr. Ray or Mr. Hupson. It approaches very near to the /quamofus of the latter, and of which Baron HALLER feems difpofed to confider it as a variety; to us it appears to be a fpecies perfectly diftinc. BATARRA gives an indifferent figure of it; SCHJEFFER an exceeding good one, very exprefüve of the plant we intend: the fpecimens from whence his drawings were made feem to have been {maller than ours, and fome of them more pointed, which they fometimes are. Thofe reprefented on our plate were found about the middle of Ociober, growing at the bottom of a pear-tree in the garden of Mr. Sobn Chorley, at South Lambeth, where they come up regularly every year. I have alfo frequently found this fpecies in the Oak of Honour Wood near Peckham. So far as l have remarked, it always grows out of wood, in which refpect it differs from the fimetarius, which alio has a ragged head, but grows out of earth, and has a much longer cap. When young this Fungus is principally diftinguifhed by the roughnefs of its cap, which appears almoft prickly. Its colour varies from a dingy to a more lively brown. | It is not of the .eatable kind; nor do we know any inftance of it proving poifonous: the maggots of flies devour it. — a T T"TM- , fy ira) i ep 14^ vig i E siad Weed "EY T dst estat boxpueh. Een E diea. ^; B Dike used se bob yat iiir d D) A bereeiud ten dev + Lord ae *6 io mi T (iu EN CHEER ; ; M UU ) Pool : à a cad bie beg Atos ; AUD udo 2 ! : . | Mag ox b : , d a. x. D EO x bow ; : AGT 9325: ] tis alge Pa aaa! a RE uU Yast neds os Mapper Hore NT toate Basis dt edhe y 2 | di ug ier 2 gis «dm 1 rur Mah eee ve om Ao om d bigs ee d ful oy Via, d EU Dur uq | Jue bul, etd Aie Nia a i PEUT E adio Metu ae T tut ipa ig ! bake bik od an "m'smso J a Aud tiet IU dia : (RENE i RÀ ime Eois Sind ded TY dod E^ viia 2. iy colt NE «i id E "nn ro sworn d 3 3d SONT hn P. ac! 02889» Sek LH ond ae big bedtratots an brid Srl eur eonivig ou yi cb ae be Qoo SAGAMORE AT Be xsi 266i 2503 dere 1 DOLETUS LUCIDUS LACQUERED Boterus. BOLETUS. Lin. Gen. Pl. Cryptocamia Funer. Fungus horizontalis fubtus porofus. | Rau Syn. Gen. 1. Funct. BOLETUS fucidus,, pileo coriaceo faperne caftaneo lucido, fulcis circularibus notato, inferne albo; poris minutiffimis. BOLETUS rugofus. Yacquin. Fl. Aufir. t. 169. FUNGUS coriaceus, pileolo latiffimo atrorubente, pediculo breviffimo. Raii Syn. ed. 3. p. 11. ? FUNGUS fpeciofus putridis arborum truncis et füpi- tibus prefertim coryli innafcitur, totus lig- nofo-coriaceus et perfiflens. This handíome Fungus grows out of the trunks of decayed trees, particularly the ftumps of the hazel, and is throughout of a leathery or - fomewhat woody fubftance, and permanent. STALK hard, uneven, of a cbefnut colour, Íhining as if varnifhed. ( CAP for the moft part forming half a circle, fometimes a whole one, flat, on the upper fide of a chef- uut colour, and highly polifhed, marked with circular concentric grooves, the edge thick and wrinkled ; on the under fide, when frefh, very white, the pores exceedingly fmall. "Two Fungi growing together, are reprefented on the plate in two different views; alfo part of the under fide magnified, to fhew the pores more plainly. STIPES durus, inaequalis, caftaneus, vernice veluti obductus. PILEUS plerumque fubdimidiatus, nonnunquam orbi- culatus, planus, fuperne caftaneus, nitidifh- mus, fulcis circularibus concentricis notatus, rugofus, inferne dum recens albiffimus ; poris minutiffimis. FUNGI duo connati, in tabula proponuntur, hinc atque illinc fpe&ati, tum fungi pars inferior lente aucta ut pori magis luculenter appareant. 4646 4€4€444€ 4444 44 444€ 44446464644 44446446 In the month of November, 1780, I fortunately found the fine fpecimen of this Boletus, exhibited on the plate, in the Wood adjoining the Oak of Honour, near Peckham; on firft difcovering it, the top of the Pileus and ftalk were of fo bright a colour, and fo beautifully polifhed, that I fcarcely knew whether I had found a natural or an artificial production, a view of its under fide, however, foon convinced me it was natural; it grew out of a rotten hazel ftump.. | ae . One principal character of this Fungus, is its polifhed or rather lacquered furface, for it has all the appearance of having been varnifhed; this I believe it poffeffes in all its fituations; and on this account I have given it a name different from “facguim, who has an excellent figure of it under the title of rugofus, in his Fl Auftri- aca. he other characters which feem to be conítant, are the deprefled circles on the upper fide of the Pileus, its wrinkled, thick, and fomewhat inverted edge, which is very apt to break out on the under fide of the Pi- leus, as reprefented on the plate, but omitted by Jacquin; the unufual whitenefs of the pileus on its under fide and the extreme finenefs of its pores, which may be overlooked; it appears to be inconftant in the fhape of its pileus (which is fometimes orbsculatus, as is {hewn on the plate in a fmaller Fungus of the preceding year, and fometimes d/midiatus) ; and in its ftalk, which is fometimes wanting, as I difcovered from a Ípecimen growing out of the bottom of an elm tree near Hyde Park. The ftalk of the fpecimen figured, which I preferve, has not fhrunk at all, the pileus is about one third lefs, but retains its form and much of its beauty. There was fome reafon to fufpect this Boletus of being the perennis of Linnus, but the defcription given of that plant in his Flora Lapponica removed every doubt, and convinced me he had not defcribed it. 4. PRN ears i cre Fra p Eie de uy p P di Us yore on MR ne ERN Aon j NÉ "n ^ a A if ce Nh: - Art s 2 RAE ‘ ey c E 9$. v mdi a DNE PR m m PHALLUS CANÍNUS. Rkpb«HEADED MORELL. PHALLUS Lin, Gen. PA Crvprocamia Funci. Fungus füpra reticulatus, fubtus levis. Raii Syn. Gen, Funét. | PHALLUS cánizus volvatus; ftipitatus, ftipite cellulofo; capitulo impervio, rubro, rugofo. PHALLUS exilis Maratte. Batarr. Fung. p. 7. t. 4o. F.? PHALLUS caninus volvatüs ftipitatus; piled rubro cellulofo acuto; adice claufo. Eludfon. FP ANG i. 4 : P » P » ap 2j is ed. 2. p. 630% VOLVA magnitudine nucis mofchate, oblongo-ovata, Y VOLVA, or egg, the fize of a nutmeg, of an oblong, alba, levis, intus gelatinofa, tunica interiore y ovate fhape; white, fmooth, gelatinous within, fuperne truncata, fig. 1, 2. the inner coat cut off at top. fiz. 1, 2. STIPES extra volvam, fefquiuncialis, feu biuncialis, STALEK, beyond the volva, an inch and a half or two magnitudine calami anferini majoris, teres, inches in length, the fize of a lirge goofe- filiformis, inferne acuminatus, cellulofus, fub- quill, round, filiform, terminating in a point pellucidus, pallide aurantiacus, intus cavus, at bottom, cellular, fomewhat tranfparent, of cito flaccefcens. jig. 3, 4, 5, 6. a pale orange colour, hollow within, foon be- : coming flaccid. fig. 3, 4, 5, 6. CAPITULUM, nam pileus vix dici poteft, ftipiti infi- Y HEAD, for it cannot properly be called a cap, fits on 44446 4 EAE LEE det, eftque feffile, femunciale, diametro fti- Y the ftem, is feffile, about half an inch in pitis, oblongum, fubacuminatum, apice im- ¥ length, and of the diameter of the ftem, ob- pervio albefcente, primo lividum, membraná ¥ long, a little pointed, impervious and whitifh nitida, tenuiffimá tectum, infra quam exigua Y at top, at firft of a livid colour, and covered quantitas humoris virefcentis, feu materies fe- Y with a very thin, fhining membrane, under- minalis fere inodori cernitur, quá remota fu-y neath which is a (mall quantity of a grcenifh perficies capituli rubra et tranfverfim rugofa ¥ liquid, or feminal matter, almoft {centlefs, apparet, nequaquam vero cellulofa, ficut in $ which being removed, the furface of the head impudico. Y appears of a red colour, and traníverfely i wrinkled, but by no means cellular, as in the Y {tinking Morell. Mr. Eunzr, the celebrated botanic painter, appears to have been the firft who difcoveted this rare Fungus in this country ; he found it in a wood near Sa/op*, and made drawings of it for one of his principal patrons. Mr. Hunter, gardener to the Earl of Mansrrexp, lately found it, though very fparingly, in Caen Wood, and com- municated feveral fpecimens of it to Mr. Dickson of Covent Garden. This autumn 1781, on the 2oth of Sep- tember, I was fortunate enough to be prefent at the difcovering of one of them in Lord Mansriserp’s {mali Pine wood, famous for producing the Phallus zmpudicus, Hydnum aurifcalpium, and other Fungi; I was in. fearch of thefe, when my draughtíman Mr. Sowersy pointed out to me a white fubftance, rifen a little above the furface of the ground, and which at a diftance refembled the cap of a {mall white mufhroom ; not fufpecting it to be any thing extraordinary, I took it up with lefs caution than I fhould otherwife have done, and on opening 1t found it to be the Phallus caninus, in the ftate reprefented at fg. 1. From the hafty manner in which it was gathered, I had no opportunity of obferving whether its roots were fimilar to thofe of the Phallus impudicus, but fufpe& they were; on examining it the next morning I was pleafed to find that the ftalk had fhot out from its inclofing volva more than an inch ; the volva contained a jelly in the manner of the impudicus, in pafhng through which, the ftalk became covered with it, (this is prevented from taking place in the smpudicus, becaufe the pileus is much wider than the ftalk) the ftalk was celiular and hollow, equally rapid in its growth as the zzpzdicus, but as its bale con- tained within the volva ran out to a finer point, fo the body of it was more uniformly of a fize throughout, and of a faint orange colour; not having that firm waxy texture which enables the Unpudicus to fupport itfelf for many days, it quickly became flaccid after attaining its full growth. Thus far we may obferve a great fimilarity in the ftru&ure and ceconomy of the two plants we have been com- paring; in the remaining part, containing the frucification, we find an amazing difference. The Phallus npu- dicus Carries on the top of the ftalk a very diftin& and perfe& Pileus, or Cap, on the outlide of which the feminal matter is depofited in cells, without the leaft covering $ in the cagiuus there is properly {peaking no Pileus, the part on the outfide of which the feminal matter is lodged, forms a capitulum, or head, which is only a continua- tion of the ftalk, as appears on diffection, differing in its ftructure and colour, this head has a wrinkled, not a reticulated {urface, within thefe wrinkles, which are not very deep, the feminal matter is contained, and (contrary to what we find in the smpudicus) covered by a very thin membrane; we may obferve that this matter has very little fmell in it, nor do flies appear particularly fond of it. This unufual ftru&ure of the capitulum by no means agrees with Linn xus's generic character of a Phallys, as that implies a Pzeus fmootb on the under, and reticulated on the cuter fide, with which the impudicus perfectly cor- refponds, and yet every botanift would call this a Phallus; hence there appears a neceflity for altering its generic character, the effence of which feemis to confift in the Seeds being contained in a jelly-like liquifying fubance, on the . E J ouifide of a Capitulum or Pileus. | BATARRA’S figure and defcription may peflibly be intended for this Fungus, there is no knowing with cer- tainty, fo great is their obícurity. iS In the margin of a Ray's Synopfis which had been Mr. Ehret's, belonging to Mr. Richard Haworth, Apothecary of Chancery-lane, who kindly lent it me, there is the following remark at the Phallus impudicus, in Mr. Ehret s own hand writing: ** a fmalier fort tou.d in a wood ** near Salop, with Mr, Moore 1741, but it did not ftink. 2 a ow Wwe Mc x Pris di um fors ia A. GO TX L^0-G-U.E Df certàin Plants, growing wild, chiefly 1n the Environs of SETTLE, in York- fhire, obferved by /Z. Curtis, in a Six Weeks Botanical Excurfion from London, made at the Requeft of f. C. LETTSOM; M. D. F; R. S. &c. in the Months of July and Auguft; 1782. TOv 12. . Hippuris vulgaris. Mare’ s-tail. . Ligufirum vulgare. . Pinguicula vulgaris. . Utricularia vulgaris. . Schenus Marifcus. . Schenus nigricans. . Schoenus compreffus. . Gramen cyperoides fpica fimplici comprefla difticha. . Scirpus cefpitofus. . Eriophorum vacinatum. S I3. Limnopeuce. Ravi Syn. ed. 5.5.1536. |^ In the lakes on Brig fear Mofs, about four miles from Kendal plentifully. Privet. Rar Syn, f- 465. Be ] In Grafs Wood, near Greffingtos, about two miles from Kilnfay, not uncommon. Common Butterwort: Pinguicula Gefneri. Rai Syn. p. 281. Common on every Bog. Common-hoeded Milfoil, Lentibularia. Razz Syn. p. 286. In the greateft plenty with N° r. flowers in Augu/. Long-rooted Baftard Cyperus. Cyperus longus inodorus fylveftris. Raz Syn. 5. 426. On the edge of Conzic Tarn, or Lake, about two miles from Kenda/, in the greateft abundance, and Y higheft perfection, fome of the flowering ftems Y growing to the height of four or five feet. Black Bog-rufb. Juncus laevis minor panicula glomerata nigricante. Rau Syn. p. 430. Plentifully on a Bog in Skirrith Wood, near Ingleton and moft other Bogs in the North. Flat-headed Bog-rufb. 9 Rai Syn. p. 425. Not uncommon in wet bogey places about Ingleron, Settle, &c.3 near Giggle/wiek Tarn in plenty ; flowers in Auguft. Schenus albus. White Bog-rufh. Cyperus minor paluftris hirfutus paniculis albis paleacis. Rais Syn. p. 427. On Brig flear Mofi, n. 1. in abundance. Heath Club-rufb. Scirpus montanus capitulo breviori. Ra Sys. $. 429. Frequent on Moors, amongft the Heath or Ling. Scirpus acicularis. Scirpus minimus capitulis equifeti. Rai Syn. b. 429. On the edge of a rivulet near Gigglefwick "Tarn . which runs from the ebbing and flowing Well. Single-headed Cottan-grafs. Juncus alpinus cum cauda leporina. Rau Syn. p. 436. On ase Bogs frequent, in the afcent to Ingleborough Hil. Melica Montana. Mountain Melic Grafs. In Skirrith Wood, near Ingleton, and in Grafs Wood, near Ki/nfay, not uncommon. Feftuca ovina var. wivipara. Pefcue-grafs. Gramen {parteum montanum fpica foliacea gra- minea majuset minus. Ra Syn. p. 410. i On the crags near the fummit of Ing/eborough, and i ¥ 1 Y ? F. PFUIbarous Sheep's and on the rocks of Long fledale, about ten miles ‘from Kendal, plentifully. AEE AEA EA KALLA EA LALA LAE ALA LAA LEE ALAA LEE EA LESSER LEGER EAE AERA E44 464464 A LEAKS Lon! SESS I5. Lx] | Bromus hirfutus. 7° , Cynofurus caruleus. : Scabiofa columbaria. ZO. 21. 2 Fefuca elatior. Tall Pefcue-erafs. Gramen arundinaceum aquaticum panicula avenacea. - Ran Syn. p. 511. - On the fides of the river Ridd/e, near Settle, plenti- fully. Bromus giganteus. Tall Brome-grafs. ramen avenaceum glabrum, panicula e [picis raris {trigofis compofita, ariftis tenuiflimis, Rais Syn. Sill Ree 7 Pientifully under the ftone walls in the road from - Settle to Gigglefwick, and elfewhere. Hairy-fialked Brome-grafs, Fi. . Lond. Gramen. avenaceum dumetorum panicula fparfa. Rai Syn. p. sx. nemoralis, Hudfon. Fl. Angl. Not uncommon: in the woóds ànd hedges in York- fhire, efpecially about Carrend WenJleydale, Triticum caninum. Bearded Wheat-grafs. Gramen caninum ariftatum radice non repente. Razz Syn. p. 58. Plentiful with the laft mentioned grafs. Blue Dog’ s-tiil grafs. Gramen parvum montanum {pica eraíliore purpureo coeruleo brevi. Raz Syn. p. 399. There is no chara&ter in this grais which would in- duce one to confider it as a Cyzofurus. Several Botanilts of the firft eminence make a diftin& genus of it, and apparently with much propriety. I firft found it on the rocks near Sette, and after- wards on the rocks and tops of the hills generally in the North. From its. being in feed when I difcovered it, which was the latter end of Tulys it muft be one of the earlie(t grafies in flower ; and of all that I have ever fcen 1s by far the moft hardy. | The Poa fpratenfis, in this retpedt; ap- proaches the neareft to it, and is very fimilar in its foliage. The Botanift and the Farmer are both interefted in the further inveftigation of this alpine plant. Mountain Scabious. Scabiofa minor vulgaris. Raii Syn. pe 191. Frequent on all the lime-ftone rocks, Plantago maritima. Sea Plantain. Plantago, an alpina anguftifolia: Raii Syn. PAZ Us. IT found this plant very unexpectedly in the road leading from Kilnfay to Arncliff, in great abun- dance; and afterwards difcovered it on the fides of many of the mountains thereabouts. I could difcover no difference betwixt it and the Sea Plan- tain growing at Gravefezd. Sangutforba officinalis. Great or Meadow Burnet. Sanguiforba major flore {padiceo. Raii Syn. p: 203. Common in moft of the paftures ; in fome of which itis the principal plant. The farmers were much divided in their opinions refpecting its goodnefs. It produces a large, but late crop; grows fre- Í quently 3 [S] lo Ua 26. 3 E33. [es] TX i2. . Afperiala Cynanchica. . Galium boreale. . Alehenilla vulgaris. . Anagallis tenella. - Sumolus valerandi; Water Pimpernel. Quently to the height of four ot five feet ; but its ¥ 33. Campanula latifolia. Giant Bell-flower. {talks are hard, and apparently unfit for fodder. y Some have fufpected this was the fpecies recom- Y mended to have been cultivated fome years fince ; 3 but Dr. Warson, whole authority will not be Y difputed, affures me, it was the leffer Burnet, Y whofe chief excellence confifts in affording foliage + early in the fpring, a property the prefent plant cannot boaft of. | 4€ A Squinaney=worts Rubeola vulgaris quadrifolia levis, floribus purpu- 3 rantibus. Raii Syn. 5. 225. On the lime-ftone hills about Cozzze, near Kendal. Galium montanum. Mountain Ladies Bed-ftraw. Mollugo montana minor Gallio albo fimilis. Razz Syn. p. 224. The moft general plant on all the Northern moun- 3 tains. The fummit of lughbereugb is princi- § pally covered with it and the "uncus fquarrofus. Cro[s-'eaved Ladies Bed-firaw. Mollugo montana erecta quadrifoha. Raz Syn. p. 224. Plentiful on the hills betwixt Ki/nfay and Graf: Wood, more efpecially among fome rocks in Grafs 3 Wood. Ü l^ p AX A444 444: 44A LALA LAL ALAR LEAREA RAL AL AA Common Ladies Manile. Alchimilla, Rai Syn. $. 158. There is fcarce a pafture or moift bank in. Yorkfhire on which this pretty plant does not occur. Alchemilla alpina. Mountain Ladies Mantle. Alchimilla alpina pentaphyllos. Raz Syn. b. 158. This fpecies, which far excels the other in beauty, is by no means fo frequent. I firft found it on a Y hill called Lime-flone Knot, in Long fledale, ay place mentioned by Wuzson, in his Synap/is, ¥ further on in Long fledale, or, as it is there called, y Long fleddel, on the high and romantic rocks ¥ about Buckbarrow Weil the Botanift will find it in Í . abundance. Potamogeton fetaceum. Setaceous Pond-weed. In the ditches on Brigflear Mofs, with the Utricu- laria plentifully. . Anchufa fempervirens. Ever-green Alkanet. Bugloffum latifolium dempervirens. Rai Sym. p. 209 AAA AR HI HAE e AR AL AL From the paucity of places in which this plant was ¥ 4o. {aid to have been found wild, and the fufpicion which refted on fome of thofe, I had entertained Y doubts of its being a native of this country : Y 41. thofe were entirely removed on my finding it tole- $ rably plentiful in the lanes about Gzeg/efwzck, and Y in the road between Settle and Ingleton. Primula farinofa. Birds Eye. Verbafculum umbellatum alpinum minus. Syn. p. 285. Grows every where with the Pinguicula. A variety, with white bloffoms, has not unfrequently been found; in a Bog in Skirrith Wood, near Ingleton, Y gathered fpecimens a foot and a half high. Bog Pimpernel. Nummularia minor flore purpurafcente. $- 293. Common on the Bogs: The largeft and fineft plants y 1 ever faw of this fpecies, grew in a bog betwixt Y Kendal and Long fTedale. Polemonium caruleum. “facob’s Ladder. Polemonium vulgare coeruleum et album. Raz Syn. ^. 250. ! In tolerable plenty at Malham, or, as it 1s there ¥ called, Maum Cove, by the fide of the rivulet y which fprings from the bafe of that ftupendous Y rock. I found this plant alfo in much greater y Rai Rai Syn. A0 646 ALAA L EAE SELLE 66A 66 AE EEE ERE ES plenty im Coniflone Dib, in a low wood, under} | fhelter of fome high and romantic rocks, a fitua- tion it feems to affe&; Allo on Arnber Scar, en the left-hand between Ki/nfay and Arach#f. «exe Samolus valerandi. Raz Syn. 283. Obferved a few fpscimens on Brig flear Mofs. REE 34. S Gentiana amarella. 7 Oenanthe crocata. 39. Scandix odorata. er Hoo 42. 44. Allium oleraceum ? n Campanula maxima folus latifimis. Rai Sym. 276. j Extremely common about Sef/le and elfewhere, under the ftone-walls and hedges. The country people improperly call them Fox-gloves. Ribes rubrum. Common Currants. Ribes vulgaris flore rubro. Ravi Syn. f. 456. On the edges of the wet ditches, and in the Woods about Carr End, Wenfleydale. Autumnal Gentian, Gentianella pratenfis flore. lanuginofo. Rai Syn. p. 275. | Common on lime-ftone hills and paftures. . Ulmus campefiris var. y Hudfon. IWych. Elm. Ulmus folio latiffimo fcabro. — Ra Syn, p. 469. Common in Hedges and Woods. It is much fupe- ‘rior in fize and beauty to the common Elm, and deferves to be more generally cultivated. Hemlock-water Drop-wort. Oenanthe cicutze facie lobelu. Razz Syn. p. 210, In the wet ditches betwixt Kendal and Long fledale, and in fimilar fituations, in many parts. of Yorkshire. . Sweet Cicely. Cerefoltum magnum five Myrrhis. Ger. emac. 5. 1039. . sokiss plane is not mentioned by Mr, Ray in his Synopfis; and Mr. Hupson introduces it as a doubtful native. ‘The fituations in which I found it clearly convinced me, it had a good title to be confidered as a native of Great Britain; and I was confirmed in my opinion by the common people, who find it wild in many places in the greateft plenty, and callit by the name of Sweer- cifs, an abbreviation of Cicely. ‘They rub their furniture with it, to give it a glofs. It is com- mon under the ftone-walls about $e, at the entrance into Ki/njay, and in Whitfell Gill, near Arig. : Pimpinella Saxifraga. Burnet Saxifrage. Pimpinella faxifraga minor, foliis fanguiforbse. Raji Syn. f. 233. Very frequent in the fiffures of the Lime-ftone Rocks about Sezzle. Parnaffia palufiris. Grafs of Parnaffus. Parnaffia vulgaris et palufiris. Raz Sym. p. 555. Wery common in Bogs and wet Meadows. Drofera rotundifolia. Rotund-leaved Sun-dew. Ros folis folio rotundo. Rai Syn. p. 356. Drofera longifolia, Long-leaved Sun-dew. - Ros folis folio oblongo. Kaw Syn. p. 356... I found thete two fpecies plentifully in the North ; but no where in greater plenty, or perfection, than on Brig flear Mofs, near Kendal, where they grow to twice or thrice the fize they ufually acquire with us; but in other refpects appeared to me to afford no truly fpecific chara&er. It is very proabable, that the three fpecies enumerated in Ray, in addition to the above, will be found to be varieties only. Allium arenarium? Sand Garlic. Allium fylveftre amphicarpon foliis porraceis, flori- bus et nucleis purpureis. Raz Syn. p. 370. Herbaceous Garlic. Allium fylveftre bicorne flore ex herbaceo albicante cum triplici in fingulis petalis ftria atro-purpurea. Rat Syn. p. 370. Thefe two fpecies of Garlic being out of flower when difcovered, I dare.not be pofitive about them. The firft grew fparingly, in a pafture at the back of the ftables belonging to the Duz Horfe, Ingleton, kept by Mr. Wariner, at whole houfe every traveller finds himfelf at home. The latter grew alfo fparingly among rocks, in the Girling Trough, near Goniflone, Kilnfay. 5. Anthericum ofifragum. | Lancafbire Afphodel. Phalangium anglicum paluftre Iridis folio. Rait Syne pv 375+ NO Extremely a6. 49. $9. X 52. oa hr. 56. sp $93 60. 61. . Dfuncus Syl valicus. In Whitfell Gell, near Afkr if plentifully : . Triglochin paluftre. . Epilobium alpinum. | . Paris guadrifolia. Extremely y cómion in all Bog: and moorifh f Grounds, which 1n Fuly and Auguj? are beauti- : fully decorated with its blofloms. Convallaria Polygonatum. Sweet Solomon's Seal, Polygonatum foribus ex fingularibus pediculis. Rai Syn..g. 263. In the rocky part of Sykes Wood, near Ingleton, {paringly. Great hatry Wood Rufb. - Gramen nemorofum hirfutum latifolium maximum. Rait Syn. 5. 416. alfo near Y the bottom of a mountain called the Rye-/osf, v near Setíle, where no wood was growing; but $ probably had grown. Arrow-beaded grafs. Common in matfhy places. Rumex digynus. Mountain Sorrel. Acetofa rotundifolia repens Eboracenfis, folio in medio deliquium patiente. Raz Syn. f. 143. Found fparingly in the fpot mentioned by Ray, clofe by Buckdarrow Well, in Longfledale, on $ the edge of a deep rivulet abounding in water- ¥ falls. "Ihe Rumex fcutatus of LINNagus 1s very $ common in the gardens in York/hire: I have f fometimes feen it in fituations which havel tempted me to think it an indigenous plant. Colchicum, autumnale. Meadow Saffron. Colchicum commune. Ray Sys. f. 373. Not uncommon in the meadows in Yorkire. IY found it in a pafture clofe by .Mz//cur Lujh, near Kilufay, Mr. WM. FormBEnGILL, of Carr End, ¢ informed me, that it grew plentifully in a mea- dow near Weft Witton, Wenfleydale. Alifina ranunculoides. Small Water Plantain. Plantago aquatica minor. Raz Syn. p. 357. In Giggle/wick Tarn plentifully. Epilobium anguftifolium. Rofe-bay IF illosw-berb. Lyfimachia fpeciofa quibufdam Onagra dicta fili- uofa. Rau Syn. D. 310. In Grafs Wood, near Kilnfay, among the rocks, j plentifully in one particular fpot. Alpine Willow-berb. Lyfimachia filiquofa ur minor latifolia. Syn. p. 311. : On the moift rocks about Buckbarrow Well. Vaccinium Myrtillus. Blea-berry. Vitis idea angulofa. Kaz Syn. p. 457. Common on all the Heaths, Rocks, and Mountains. Vaccinum Vitis idea. Red Bil-berry. Vitis idea fempervirens fructu rubro. P- 457 Not uncommon on Heaths, yet (idan found in bloffom. Vaccinium Oxycoccos. — Cran-berry. | Oxycoccos f. Vaccinia paluftria. Raz Syn. 5.267. Frequent on the boggy mofles about Settle, Kendal, and elfewhere in the North. Polygonum viviparum. - Viviparous Biflort. Biftorta minor. Ra Syn. p. 147. On the edge of Semer "Water, an extenfive tarn atj Carr End, Wenfleydale. Herb Paris, or True-love. Herba Paris. Kazi Syn. p. 264. In Kelkoe Wood, near Settle, and moft of the woods thereabout. Pyrola rotundifolia. Common Winter-green. In the enchanting woods of Hackfall, near Grewel- | thorpe, intolerable plenty. Sparingly in Raydale Wood, near Carr End, Wenfleydale ; alio in Zen- nants Wood, near Kiln ifay. Saxifraga Ep Hairy Kidney-wort. Geum palyftre minus folis oblongis crenatis. Syn. $- 354. Not uncommon on the moift rocks and boggy 3 ground about Buckbarrow Well, Long fledale; a ' few plants in bloffom, but moftly in feed. Saxifraga oppofitifolia. Purple Saxifrage. Saxifraga alpina ericoides, flore czeruleo: f0352. Xe mo TNR dece ETT vU AG eMe Aem ON SQ On oo ON NO Rai "Y o ias d = Rau Syn.: EAE ACERT Raha Mee te aire da 444444 -4464444444 444-6 44444644 Y LSS) MI EN Rai Y Un Rau Syn. 4A aver 4444 CU RO A CI EIE Qe 62. ! Sax ifraga bypnoides. . Arenaria veraa. « Sedum anglicum. . Seduin villofum. . Spergula nodofa. Alfine paluftris folus tenuiffimis, feu Saxifraga pa- . Prunus Padus. : Crataegus Aria, - Rofa villofa. . Rubus ideus.: 22. . Rubus Chamemorus. . Potentilla verna. . Geum rivale. On the craggy. rocks of Ingleborough and Pennigent plentifully, in particular fpots. Saxijraga autumnalis. Autumnal Saxifrage. DET alpina. mpi flore. luteo guttato. Rai “Syn. p+ 35 On the nioift ee of Ingleborous fparingly. In the greateft plenty in Long Jlédale s : alfo in Whit- fell Gill, near Afkrig, c beautifully in bloflom. Triid Saxifrage — Ladies Cufbion. Saxifraga mufcofa trifido isis Raii Syn. f-3 On the mountains about Se/z/e plentifully, Ba oft of the mountains in the North. Mountain Sandwort or Chickweed. Alfine pufilla et flore folio tenuiffimo noftras; Rai Syn. b. 3 Generally et et laft mentioned plant. J always found it a fure indication of elevated ground. Englifb Stonecrop. Sedum minimum non acre flore albo. TES of . eae rocks in Long fledale, on the left-hand fide going down the vale; obferved it on a few rocks only. Rai Syr. Hairy Stonecrop. Sedum purpureum pratenfe. Rai Syz. p: 270. On the fide of Jugleborougb fparingly, in the Bogs where the fprings originate; but in much greater plenty in fimilar fituations about Carr End, Wen- Jleydate. Knotted Spurrey. luftris anglica. Razz Syn. p. 350. Common on the Bogs about ein and fimilar fitua- tions in the North. Bird Cherry. Cerafus avium nigra et racemofa. Rai Sym. p. 463. In the woods about Ingleborough, and elfewhere in the North, plentifully. White Beam Tree. Mefpilus alni folio fubtus incano, Aria Theophrafts di&a. Ra Syn. p. 453. Common in the mountainous woods in the North ; loves a dry fituation. Apple Rofe. Rofa fylveftris pomifera major noftras. Raw Sym. > 4545 mn! Grog Wood, near Kilnfay, and. in feveral other woods. Rafberry. Rubus Idzus fpinofus fru&u rubro. Ra Sya. p. 467; Plentiful in the above mentioned wood. Rubus faxatiis. Stone Bramble. Not unfrequent in the mountainous woods about Settle and Ingleton; but no where in greater perfe&ion than near the fummit of He/sfelnab; near Kendal. Cloud-berry. Chamezmorus. Raz Syn. $. 260. On the fides of the higheft mountains about Settle and Ingleion, efpecially on the Rye-/oaf, within a few miles of the former, whete I gathered its berries in the greateft perfection, ‘and found the caterpillar of the Emperor Moth (Phalena pa- vonia ) feeding on its foliage. Spring. Cinguefort. Pentaphyllum parvum hirfutum. Raz Syn. p. 256: My very obliging friend Mr. WM. ForHERGILL, of Carr End, fhewed me this plant growing {pa | ringly on an old ftone-wall at Carlow-nick, adjoin- ing the weft-end of the Crag Paflure, about half a mile from Carr End. J have the beft authority for believing, that the Potentilla opaca of Mr. Hupson 1s no other than this plant. — * Water Avens. Caryophyllata montana purpurea. Raz Syn: Pe 253s In the Paftures, Woods, &c. about Sefz/e and elfe- where much moré common than the urbanum is with us; 7 76. 79: Bo. , In Shurrith Wood, near Ingleton, unde 8r. 84. 85. 86. 87. $8. . Dryas octopetala, Caryophyllata alpina chamedryos folio. . Comarum paluftre. . Alea Jpicata. . Galeopfis tetrabir var. 3. fana Dryas, A a P. 253: This beautiful plant, heretofore known to be only ¥ a native of Scotland and Ireland, I found plenti- ¥ fully in feed on Aracliff Clouder, a mountain ¥ within half a mile of Zfrac/if, in Littendale, ay few miles from Kilnfay. Marjh-cinguefotl. Pentaphylloides. paluftre rubrum. T 3/50. In Gigglefwick 'larn, near Settle, plentifully, and other maríhy places: Herb Chriffopher, or Bane-berry. Rai Syn. 262. Rai Syn. p.¥ go. SEAEALAL ALE EAE AEF EEL Chriftophoriana. lam indebted to Mr. Wm. ForHERGILL, bone) 91. mentioned, for pointing out to me a moft delight- i ful herborizing {pot, vz. a Glen or Gill, called y Whitfell Gill, or Arthur Fofi, fituated inn aY 92. fmall diftance of Zferig. In this fheltered valley, y ornamented with an enchanting water-fall, UN rare plants grew in the utmoft luxuriance. Here y Ifound, in abundance, this poifonous plant lurk- ¥ 93. ing, and half concealing its dark gloffy berries, Y not unaptly refembling thofe of coffee, but more - beautiful, and. within reach of my arm, around Y one plant of it, the following, viz. Scandix edo- Y 94. rata, Bavifraga autumnalis, Ribes rubrum, Rubus ¥ 7de@us, Ribas faxatilis, Prunus Padus, Funcus Sylvaticus. What a treat for a Botanift! What a¥ recompence for one of the rougheft journies over y 95- Cam, perhaps, ever experienced! Auguft 16. Aguilegia vilgaris. Common Columbine. Aquilegia. Ra Syn. f. 273- Found among fome lime-ftones on the upper part of 1 Meo AA AE EERE the Girlmg Trough, near Coniftone, Kilnfay, vy 96. of bloom. It poffibly might be the a/2/za. Thali£irum minus. Leffer Meadow-Rue. Thalirum minus. Raw Syn. p. 203 4€464€4€ In great Í plenty on the mountainous ground about K7/z/ayY and many other places in the north. 1 Trollius europeus. Globe-flower, Locker-gowlons. Ranunculus globofus. Razz Sym. $. 272. In Skirrith Wood, and the moift odi about Settle, 3 . 1h gteat "Dhadanet. 4€ 97- Nettle Hemp. Lamium cannabino folio, flore amplo luteo; labio purpureo. Raz Syn. f. 241. This elegant variety 1s found fparingly in the Corn- fields about Sett/e. Draba muratis. Speed-wwell-leaved Whitlow-grafs. Burfa paftoris major loculo oblongo. Raz Sy. Pi Y 99. 292. On PME Scar, near Arncliff, in Littendale, and at Malham Cove, {paringly. Draba incana. Wreathen-podded Whitlow-grafs. Lunaria contorta major. Ra Syn. 5. 291. Very common on the rocks about $2/7/z, and fimilar fituations elfewhere. Thlafpi montanum. Mountain Thlafpi. Thlafpi folis globularim. Razz Syn. f. 305. On the mountainous paftures in the road from dc to Malham, within about half a mile of the Tarn, Y plentifully, with the Arenarta versa, moftly in feed. líought for it in vain in the paftures about Y the ebbing and flowing well. Cochlearia P Bate Common Scurvy-grafs. Cochlearia. © Rat Syn. p. 302. No) Go FEE AE Me 611 ere ———X— Á— Coramon by the river Riddle, near Settle, and on the? tol. Viola falufiris. mountains thereabout. T the latter fituation it Y is very dwarfith, and is the grenlandica of Lin- NJEUS. ¥ Turritis bir uta. Hairy Tower Muflard. i Turritis muralis minor. Rav Syn. p. 294. MUN On old caftles, walls, and rocks, aliad Settle andy Y DY t t ote Ingleton, common. Cardamine impatiens. Impatient Pet eich E impatiens, vulgo fium minus impatiens. " Sun. b. 299. Raii Sys. $ 89. : . Hieracium murorum. 100. Carduus belenioides. 102. Viola grandifiora. On Gigglefiwick Scar fparngly, in feed. Geranium fyl'oaticum. Wood Cranefoill. Geranium batrachoides montanum noftras. Syn. f. 360. : In the Spas and -paftures about. Seite and Ingleton not uncommon ; alfo in Long fledale’; and about Carr End, Mr. W. Foruerci.t informs me, it is fo common as to empurple the paftures when in full bloom. Geranium fanguineum. Bloody Cranefbill. Geranium hematodes. Razt Sym. p. 360. In rocky mountainous woods very common, a$ in Kelkoe Wood, near Settle, in Grafs Wood, and in the road from thence to KZ/s[ay, in the greatest plenty. Geranium columbinum. Long-ftalked Cranefbill. ^ Geranium columbinum, dific&is folus, pediculis florum longiflimis. Raz Syn. p. 359. ' Geranium lucidum. Shining Cranefbill. Geranium faxatile. Rai Syn. p. 361. Rau " Common on the ftone-fences about Sezt/e and elfe- where. Fumaria claviculata. Climbing P dns Fumaria alba latifolia. Raa Syn. p. 335 Plentifully on a thatched Farm-houfe in aw edale, on the left-hand fide, going down the vale. * Vicia fyfoatica. | Hood Vetch. Vicia fylvatica multiflora. Raii Syn. p. 322. I found one root only of this beautiful plant in full bloflom in Skirrith Wood, near Ingleton. Hippocrepis comofas Horfe-fhoe Vetch. Ferrum equinum germanieum filiqüis 1 in fummitate. Rau Syn. p. 321: Grows in abundance out of the fimextione rocks, neat Greghfwick, Settle, and Kilnfay. ! Trifolium alpefire. Long-leav ed Clover. Trifolium purpureum majus, foliis longioribus et anguitioribus, floribus faturatioribus. Raz Syms 28. In Shirrith and other mountainous woods and paf- tures in the North, moft plentifully. . Hypericum montanum. Mountain St. Sfobu's Wort. Hypericum ele eue non ramofum folio lato. LP "a Rau Syn. p. 4 In Syke’s Void, LM dude and other moun- tainous woods, not uncommon. Wall Hawkweed, or Colon Lung-wort. | Hieracium murorum folio pilofiffimo. $- 168. On the rocks near the water-fall at Zfyfrarzb Force; and, if I miftake not, on Kz/s/ay Crag. Ran Syn. Hieracium fubaudum. Sbrubby Hawkweed. Hieracium fruticofum latifolium hirfütum. Rai Syn. p. 167. This plant, ie its ufual ftate is extremely co common. A variety, whofe leaves are {potted with red, and which is fometimes miftaken for the Hypochecris maculata, is frequent on the rocks in Grafs Wood and at Gorda) Melancboly TAL. Cirfium britanicum Clufu repens. Rai 277 P I In SA near Gigglefwick and in. Skirrith Wood, plentifully. In the paftures about Bordley, near Malham, ío plentiful as to empurple the paf- ‘tures, fo ftriking in its foliage, and fo noxious in its effects, as to attract the notice of the hufbandmen, who call them White-backs. Marfh V olet. Viola paluftris rotundifolia glabra. Raw Sym. pf. 64. J In Gigglefwick Tarn, and other marfhy fituations, common. Yellow Panfie. . Viola montana lutea grandiflora noftras. p- 356. Rari Syz. . In mountainous paflures frequent, about Zfeamire Chi fs. near Set#le. 103. 103, Orcbit Bi folid. ; . 104. Orchis conop[ea. 105». to6, ‘Opbr »5 mufcifera. —— tO os oa Butterfly Orchis. Orchis alba bifolia minor calcare oblongo. Rai Syn 8o. In cu hilly paftures above Stackhoufe ahd on Mill Y Tfand, near Settle, plentifully, and in many other 1 paftures, fully blown.. = . Sweet Orchis. i Orchis palmata rubella cum longis calearibus ru-. bells. Ravi Syn. 380. . On... Mill Ifand and moft of the pattures with tHe former, fully blown; Setyrium iride. Prag Orebist |. t Orchis palmgta. minor flore luteo-viridi. 59p- Frequent on the moft hilly pofi res abate Setile, in full bloom: a Rai Syn. Fly Orchis, Gra! | Orchis myodes galea et alis lerpudis. Ralj Syà. / ae AA ii; RE On the hilly lime-ftone paftüres. at Stackhouje, near Settle, plentifully ; in Skirrith Wood, fparinply. Mr, RomERT Kipp, of Ajbton ‘near Gdn. fhewed me one he had gathered in. a wild: ftate, two feet and a quarter high, with fourteen blof- ios on it. He alío fhewed me a great wumber of the Ophrys apifera, or Bee orchis, a rare ‘plant with them; btit whofe place of growth he ‘did i not carerto dictilges Cypripedium Calceolisi Ladies Kipper Calccolus marie. Rai Sys. 38 s. The beauty and extreme fingularity of the bloffoms of this plant, joined to its grcat Ícarcity, have occafioned it to be univerfally fought. after by Botanifts and others 3 who, not Content with con- templating its beauties in its native foil, are anxious to feé it grow in their gardens, in witichs however, they are generally difappointed, as it very rarely thrives on tranfplanting. We faw, indeed, a few inftances to the contrary in fome gardens in York/bire. 'lo this rage for the Ladies Shppet we may attribute its prefent fearcity in Helk’s Wood near Ingleton, where it ufed to be found in plenty. We were fortunate enough to difcover this plant in Confiderable plenty in the neighbourhood of KZfay, not only in the Woods with its ufual attendant, the red-flowered Helle- borine, but alfo in hilly pafture ground, with the Opbrys ovata; but as fome gardeners in the neighbourhood had difcovered them, and were ünremittingly employed in digging up every one they found, we may venture to prophecy; that in à few years. they will be rarely found here alfo. io8. Serapias palufiris. Helleborine paluftris noftras, Rai Syn. 384: In the boggy part of Sykes Wood plentifally ; alfo near Kilnfay, aiid many other boggy fituations. To us it appears td be a very diltin& Ípecies. Flowers in July. 109. Serapias purpurafcens. tio. § parganium natans. iri. Carex pulicaris. itz. Carex diflans. Helleborine altera atro-rubente flore. Rai S WE 38: 2: This fpecies is found in Syke’s Wood, and is common to moft of the woods in the North, efpecially fuch as are mountainous and rocky; it produces a long {pike of red or purplith flowers, the begin- ning of Auguft. This fpecies is frequently mif- taken for the Ladies Slipper. Small Burr-reed. . Sparganiürh non ramofum. Rai Syn. 437. 2: 3. In the lakes on Brig fear Mofs, with the EA and Utricularia, not uncommon. Flea Carex. Gramen cyperoides minimum; feminibus deorfum reflexis puliciforrnibus. Rav Syn. 24. On the fides of Ingleborough and other mountainous fituations tolerably frequent: Loofe Cares. Gramen cyperoides fpicis parvis longiflime diftan- tibus, Rai Syn. 421. í i 3: Carex vefic Caria, ltd. Da gracilis, Fl. Ejond. 510 Salis E 2n MUN SASHES ec Ae ee ce HUS ———— EAE EEE I 16. Salix belix. ' Salix t21. Taxis Dacchta. 122. Acer Pfeudoplatanus. 123. Ophiogloffum vulgatum. FE AKALAK AE LEAK AE A4 AX A AA 644 4454€4€4646444656 4€ 4 H6 ee A66 HELE EAE AEE EE peu eei c AERE DC RENNES DE A14 A EAE eC HA / This moft variable Gey we found in almoft every fituation. on the edge of Gigglefwick Tarn it grew with the panicea pleatifally. I alfo found it _ on dry ground nedr the tops of the bigheft moun- tams. Some {pecimens, in particular, ; 4 yard iri "height; I gathered near the fummit of a lofty rock in Long fledale. "Bladder Carex. Gramen cyperoides polyftachion ixiajus, picis | tere-. . tibus, erectis; Ravi Sys. 419. We do not recollet finding this fpecies nedrer Loz- din than Virginia Water, 1n the North it 1334 common, Carex on the edbes of farhs and rivulets, 1t aboünds ín Gigslsfevich Tarn, a fpot ouk in Carices, and on the dn Gf Sener igae , Wen- flea lale. Slender- -fhited C; lex AGE nett cyperoides majus angüftifolium. Pris 555i 41g cha In great plenty en the bordérs of Conzic Tarn near Kena tal,” ; Swe gef Wb, Salix folie I Syn. Ad t9. . About Kinfay, and more : efpatilly about Carr Eat Wenfledale, this is the moft common fpecies of Willow, and is much üfed for m aking the larger M ae 5 fort of batkets. Its TE are glofiy, P exhale an odoriferoug perfume in hot weather, which, joined tó the beautifnl KO pte of the malé- tree when in blóóm, and the female when in feed render it one of. us molt defirable trees our iflind naturally produces. Spurge-fedved Willow, humilior, foliis anguflis fubccertileis ex adver fà binis. Rai Syn. 448. | Equally common with the foregoing, and ufed f£ fot making the finer forts of bafket-work. liureo, feu late elabró odorato... Rar; {I 9. Salix rofmarin ;gfola. We have no doubt but the Willow, to which ave affign this name, is a fpecies perfectly diftinét. It approaches Heareft to the vitelina. — its twigs are remarkably tough. We found it on the edge of a rivulet which runs into Semer Water, W enfle- dale. As cuttings of this and the two following Willows, introduced i into our garden, have grown, we hope to be able to {peak more decitively on them at fome future period: 118) Salix myrfinites ? One {mall flirüb of this fpecies, which cotrefponds with the defcription Mr. Licurroor gives of the Mj Lyrfi nites, we found with feveral of the fol- lowing on the flope of a high hill betwixt Kilafay and Arucli iff. i Ig. Salix. arenaria: 120. E npetrum mgr Ui i Empetrüm montanum frü&u nigro. Raf Syn. 4445 On the fides of Jngleborough plentifully. Yew-tree. Taxus. Raz Sym. 445. Growing in a truly wild ftate Out of the clefts of the rocks on Gigglefwick Scar. Dr. ÁBRAHAM SuTcLIPFE, of Sel, to whofe kind hofpitality and ufeful information I am much indebted, was an eye-witnefs to the fatal effects of this plant on two Bullocks, who had carelefly been fuffered to feed on its foliage: Sycamore Maple. Acer majus. Raz Syn. 470. Very common in woods, hedges, and rotind ale man’s feats; the latter from it 8 quick growth, it great fize; and power of ‘eliftitig the moft LM forms without 1 injury, it 5 admirably calculated to preferve. Its wood, though feldom ufed in Bae? ing, is applied to many ceconomical purpofes. Adder s-tongue. Ophioglofium. Razz Syn. 128. [m In meadows and by the fides of rivulets riuch more! frequent than with us, 124. Ofmunda Lunaria. Moon-wort. Lunaria minor. Kaz Syn. 128. Es Sabie E On Mear Bank by: Sykes! Wood, Ingleton, and other t places, with the frog Orchis, not unfrequent; 1 Filix minor Britannica pediculo pallidiore, alis der 125. Ofmunda crifpa. — Stone-fern. i Y Y rioribus deorfum fpectantibus, Rai Syn. 122. We found one plant of this rare fpecies among our dried fpecimens, but do not recolle& its place - of growth; fufpeCt we took it for the following, with which it has fome fimilarity in its general . . appearance. MY = 1 36. Polypodium Dryopteris. Branched Polypody, Filix ramofatminor. Rai Syn.1a5. ^ € Y Y t M 1 Y Adiantum album crifpum alpinum. Raz Syn. 126. j Among the ftones about Buckbarrow Well in Long- y | Jledale, in the utmoft abundance, and here and ¥ We obferved this fpecies in tolerable plenty about there on the walls betwixt that {pot and Kendal, Kilnfay, particularly among loofe lime-ftones on 126. Ajplenium Scolopendrium. Harts-tongue. ¥ the right-hand fide of the Girling Trough near Phyllitis,. Raz Syn. 116. i | Conifion, - " Between the fiflures of the rocks on the tops ofy 131. Polypodium fragile. Brittle Polypody, moft of the high mountains. sy Filix faxatilis caule tenui fragile. Raii Syn, 12 5 127. Ajplenium Ruta muraria. i Extremely common on old caftles, ftone fences, &c, Ruta muraria. Raia Syn. 122. . Y about Sett/e and elfewhere. Ps On the rocks about Settle, and elfewhere; very Y 132. Lycopodium Selago, Far Club=mofs., common. | : Selago foliiset facie abietis. Rai Syn. 166, 128. Afplenium Trichomanes. .Common Maziden-bair. 133. Lycopodium alpinum. Mountain Club-mofs. —. Trichomanes. Raz Syn: 119. à . Lycopodium Sabine facie, Ratz Syn. 108, Very common on the rocks and ftone fences. Both of thefe fpecies are found in abundance neat 129. Polyfodium Phegopteris. Wood Polypody, - the fummit of Ingleborough, X644 444 In the courfe of our excurfions we could mot avoid noticing, ez paffant, an almoft infinite number of Mofes, Licbens, &c. which particularly abound in moft of the {pots we vifited; but as few of them were in fructification, and as the larger plants were altogether fufficient to engtofs our attention, we muft defer gratifying the curious Cryptogamift till an opportunity prefents itfelf of revifiting thefe delightful regions at a different period of the year. We may remark, that the Z4///um, which we fuppofed to be the oleraceum, proved, on flowering, to US the carings tum; and that the Potentila, which has not yet flowered, feems, from its foliage, as if it would prove either fingular variety of the verma, ora diftin&t fpecies. | dn h Pug Yo OE En D dn 4 E uus PTS D I" SES MER DIM " Pheiiboniet bip 1 i Mi niihi VR RR etie \ sse Hy ree Ry yl ay | 1 STR te ' ML itt UAR MIR 7 nut n TRIN sis Jona lS 7 à iati WERE tt TUS UTS NAR e i RABEL ANT HIRI RM EAT " Use MS ul Y DU WINE t1 UDR SR Iam nistur Bu. aati T db d i TAE UM etie i | oes RE RIA SILET i ; j : Busta pBHD Minen 1 i SIPPRULBRE PUES aee i derit Hu SA Tus j 1 ! plug bi \ NU TUE eun i j in tts ER teet Fm n aj H ToU Ath i i sp Stat a E Ani eR aR Teu ad pi ut iino SURE: MERI ECE d IUE A EURT ist bail ymo ipi pereant s a, ji i ish 1 ! | ih i iln Wl i »l ‘ttt: MM h | i ; i otra d hr j sep DU ' i VOU MT sd TIN UE Arun a Ae ANM erts Hat Weal eT Pj Mi yu ise i IRL pb Itt fts util HEN V sno m 2i pls Eo sd ii Bue JE dr mt TRAD UNIONE i } j ^ I i Ri UA d EIER NM DR ^ 2 i i i l ) i '" 1 BH] i jd ! ‘i ; h Mat son in 4 i ! j XP EHE l ont Tc tf BEA 15s Sane boats Taye LEHRER TROU arate | niet » Wis re ves hi ntn EVE ORT Pe ial han sake ene ott Tay Hu AM ara disnei HA ds im S AO xta NUIT Pun ris este egt HE ai sihes It oe i yt Nese Ht Hed attr hE ia pike t de Ge ahs Jal RAIDER SIDA i i iit i settle teu tat 5 i 1 t i 1555 AMD i AEST E (UY sible late} d n ) "à i Suae / j P isti ee Une an eter UE hayas I pagar. mt