118 FLUIDITY AND PLASTICITY

TABLE XXVII.—THE VALUE OF THE HYDROGEN ATOM

Substance
Temperature observed
nCH2 calculated
Difference

Hexane
255 1
136.2
118.9

Heptane
276 1
158.9
117.2

Octane . . .
299 1
181.6
117.5

Isohexane ......
249.0
128.6
120.4

Isoheptane
269 2
151.3
117 9

The value for H2 is 118.4 ± 1.0. The hydrogen atom has
therefore a value of 59.2 and the carbon atom of —95.7.

The value of the " double bond " in allyl compounds is obtained
from Table XXVIII.

TABLE XXVIII.—THE VALUE OF THE DOUBLE BOND

Substance
Temperature observed, normal propyl
Temperature observed, allyl
Difference

Iodides
332 7
330 7
2 2

Bromides ........
296 6
292 2
4 4

Chlorides .........
261.5
256 0
5 5

To raise the fluidity of an allyl compound to 200 it is only
necessary to raise it to a temperature which is some 4° lower than
is necessary for the corresponding normal compound, containing
two more hydrogen atoms. Thus the "double bond" has a
value of 114.4, the absence of the hydrogen atoms being nearly
compensated for by the " condition of unsaturation."

Assuming that the ethers are unassociated, we may obtain the
value of the oxygen atom.

TABLE XXIX.—THE VALUE OP THE OXYGEN ATOM

Substance
Temperature observed
O».H.2» + 2
Oxygen

Ethylpropyl ether
254 9
231 9
23 0

Dipropyl ether ......... .
279.0
254 6
24 4

Methylisobutyl ether ...........
251.4
224.3
27 1

Ethylisobutyl ether
270.3
247 0
23 3