WEBVTT Kind: captions; Language: en 00:00:03.001 --> 00:00:10.001 It takes everybody to build this land, the butcher and the baker and the grocery 00:00:10.001 --> 00:00:15.001 man, the man who owns the guns, the train and the farmer cut wheat 00:00:15.001 --> 00:00:17.000 on the Kansas Plain. 00:00:18.001 --> 00:00:24.000 The teacher, the preacher, the housewife and the sailor, we'll all work behind 00:00:24.000 --> 00:00:29.001 the doctor and the tailor, they're working in the city while we're working in the 00:00:29.001 --> 00:00:35.000 woods and we'll all work together to deliver the goods and we'll all work 00:00:35.000 --> 00:00:38.001 together to deliver the goods. 00:00:40.000 --> 00:00:46.001 It takes 00:00:46.001 --> 00:00:53.000 everybody to build this land and we all 00:00:53.000 --> 00:00:59.001 depend on people we've never even met. We depend on all kinds of 00:00:59.001 --> 00:01:06.000 specialists we never even see, making our clothing, building our houses 00:01:06.000 --> 00:01:13.000 and getting us food and that's where I come in. See I'm a farmer growing 00:01:13.000 --> 00:01:20.000 my own food helping to feed the city nearby. Folks think I'm independent. For 00:01:20.000 --> 00:01:25.001 instance, the other day when I rode into town with a wagon load of vegetables, I 00:01:25.001 --> 00:01:32.001 met two old friends, Tom and Jane. They think I'm the most independent 00:01:32.001 --> 00:01:37.001 man they ever knew. Tom and Jane said they were going to be farmers because they 00:01:37.001 --> 00:01:43.000 wanted to be independent. Well farming's a good life but I had to explain, nobody 00:01:43.000 --> 00:01:46.000 can be independent these days, not even a farmer. 00:01:48.000 --> 00:01:50.000 I'm gonna have a farm just like you. 00:01:50.001 --> 00:01:54.001 I'm gonna raise my own food and I'll be just as independent as you. Well now wait 00:01:54.001 --> 00:01:58.001 a minute, just raising your own food isn't enough. I'm not independent, I depend 00:01:58.001 --> 00:02:03.000 on lots of people. For instance, today I'm depending on my shoemaker to fix my 00:02:03.000 --> 00:02:07.001 shoes. We mean pioneers, like in the olden days. Yeah I'm gonna build my own 00:02:07.001 --> 00:02:11.001 catalogs and I'm going to make all my own clothes. Well now look now my 00:02:11.001 --> 00:02:14.000 grandfather and grandmother came here as pioneers 00:02:14.000 --> 00:02:16.000 and that isn't the way they told it. 00:02:16.000 --> 00:02:20.000 Tell you what, you get on the wagon and I'll tell you all about it on 00:02:20.000 --> 00:02:21.001 the way home. Go on up you go. 00:02:22.000 --> 00:02:27.001 Yes sir, you just imagine that you were in this area while it was still dark and 00:02:27.001 --> 00:02:32.001 forest. My grandfather came here in his covered wagon and believe me he had a 00:02:32.001 --> 00:02:39.000 sing to keep up his spirits. Come all you young fellers who have got a mind to 00:02:39.000 --> 00:02:45.001 raise over this far off country, your fortune to change 00:02:45.001 --> 00:02:52.000 and we'll travel up westward with our hammer and our hoe. Through the 00:02:52.000 --> 00:02:58.001 wild woods we'll wander on the Ohio. Get up boy, get up. 00:02:59.000 --> 00:03:05.000 Come all you young fellers, we'll travel [... ] go 00:03:05.000 --> 00:03:12.000 and we'll all travel down. Grandpa and grandma 00:03:12.000 --> 00:03:17.001 decided to be pioneers cause they wanted to be independent too. But right from 00:03:17.001 --> 00:03:20.000 the start they had to depend on other people. 00:03:21.001 --> 00:03:27.000 Grandpa couldn't have cleared the forest with his bare hands. Somebody had to 00:03:27.000 --> 00:03:28.001 make an axe for him. 00:03:29.001 --> 00:03:36.000 Swing that axe, sing it fine, ship that 00:03:36.000 --> 00:03:42.001 trunk down the timber line. Grandpa depended on other men far away to dig iron 00:03:42.001 --> 00:03:49.000 and coal to make it into steel and forge it into shape. Dig that iron down 00:03:49.000 --> 00:03:55.001 the mine, pound that steel till the axe blade shine. 00:03:57.000 --> 00:04:04.000 Swing that axe, swing it fine, ship that trunk on the timber 00:04:04.000 --> 00:04:11.000 line. There are a lot of men in the mines and it forges, helping grandpa when he 00:04:11.000 --> 00:04:18.000 swung that axe. Well it was only by using tools made by 00:04:18.000 --> 00:04:19.001 somebody else far away. 00:04:19.001 --> 00:04:26.000 That grandpa could shape the forest into a farm. I will build a 00:04:26.000 --> 00:04:33.000 log cabin for to keep out the rain and I'll carve out a 00:04:33.000 --> 00:04:39.001 plowshare for to furrow the plain. It was hard work but they had to eat. A man 00:04:39.001 --> 00:04:45.000 can do without a lot of things but not without food. With my feet in the furrow 00:04:45.000 --> 00:04:52.000 and the sweat on my brow and the sod on my shoulder as 00:04:52.000 --> 00:04:58.000 I follow the plow. It wasn't much of a plow and every time it hit a stone 00:04:58.000 --> 00:05:03.001 it broke but it did open the earth for planting the seed. 00:05:06.000 --> 00:05:13.000 Well with grandpa out getting food, grandma could make other things they needed 00:05:13.000 --> 00:05:20.000 like their clothing. And while you go out in hoe, I will sit at home and 00:05:20.000 --> 00:05:26.001 sew and spin you out to kerchief on the Ohio. With the bobbin 00:05:26.001 --> 00:05:32.000 at the center and the treadle down below, I'll spin you out to kerchief on the 00:05:32.000 --> 00:05:38.001 Ohio. Yes Jane, grandma did make their clothing but she 00:05:38.001 --> 00:05:44.000 also needed tools. And you'll weave me out a blanket 00:05:44.000 --> 00:05:46.000 on the Ohio. 00:05:47.001 --> 00:05:52.001 They couldn't have kept alive without any tools but with tools grandpa and 00:05:52.001 --> 00:05:58.000 grandma would carve a farm out of the wilderness and make things grow. 00:06:00.000 --> 00:06:07.000 A man needs a roof for a shelter and a shirt for to keep him warm. But most of 00:06:07.000 --> 00:06:13.000 all a man needs food from the day he's born so it's time for a shucking of the 00:06:13.000 --> 00:06:19.001 corn. It's time for a shucking of the corn. It's time for a shucking of the corn. 00:06:20.001 --> 00:06:26.000 Man needs food from the day he's born so it's time for a shucking of the corn. 00:06:28.000 --> 00:06:32.001 With their tools they could grow not just enough but even 00:06:32.001 --> 00:06:34.000 more than they needed for themselves. 00:06:34.001 --> 00:06:41.000 And that's when they began to depend on even more people. You see the work was 00:06:41.000 --> 00:06:46.000 hard because the tools were clumsy. Reaping wasn't easy with a short handle 00:06:46.000 --> 00:06:52.001 sickle. One of the other farmers in the valley knew how to do good blacksmith 00:06:52.001 --> 00:06:58.001 work so grandpa took some of the food he had left over to trade for a better 00:06:58.001 --> 00:07:05.000 tool. Just down the road there lives a man a farmer with a blacksmith shop he'll 00:07:05.000 --> 00:07:12.000 make a tool to speed my hand and help me raise a better crop. This part-time 00:07:12.000 --> 00:07:18.001 blacksmith promised to make grandpa a long handle size for some corn. By trading 00:07:18.001 --> 00:07:23.001 that way grandpa could spend more time at farming because he didn't have to make 00:07:23.001 --> 00:07:28.000 his own tools. Now the part-time blacksmith made good tools because he didn't 00:07:28.000 --> 00:07:33.001 have to spend so much time at farming. By depending on each other they could grow 00:07:33.001 --> 00:07:40.000 more food and make better tools with less work. There's plenty more than we can 00:07:40.000 --> 00:07:44.001 eat. We'll share our crop with other farms. I'll trade the corn and sell the 00:07:44.001 --> 00:07:51.000 wheat and get a scythe to speed my arm. With the new scythe 00:07:51.000 --> 00:07:56.000 grandpockets swing wider and stronger when cutting down his grain. The better the 00:07:56.000 --> 00:08:02.000 tool the more we can do and the better we can do it. Well before long so many 00:08:02.000 --> 00:08:05.000 neighbors were trading with the part-time blacksmith that he 00:08:05.000 --> 00:08:06.001 could spend all his time at the forge. 00:08:07.001 --> 00:08:12.000 He became a specialist. For your cabbage corner cow he 00:08:12.000 --> 00:08:13.001 will trade a scythe or plow. 00:08:14.000 --> 00:08:19.001 The blacksmith is the man who does it all. Instead of the wooden plow that always 00:08:19.001 --> 00:08:26.000 broke he made them a plowed iron. The furrows became deeper 00:08:26.000 --> 00:08:32.001 and wider. The work was still hard but they were able to plow much larger 00:08:32.001 --> 00:08:39.000 fields and get more out of the soil. Well better tools meant bigger crops 00:08:39.000 --> 00:08:42.001 so some people could eat without growing their own 00:08:42.001 --> 00:08:44.001 food. They could do other things. 00:08:46.000 --> 00:08:53.000 That made it easier for the people who were still farming. For instance they knew 00:08:53.000 --> 00:08:59.001 that other specialists were busy making shoes for them. For the cobbler is the 00:08:59.001 --> 00:09:02.000 man, the cobbler is the man. 00:09:02.001 --> 00:09:07.001 Summer, winter, spring and fall. Though your boots may crack and wear 00:09:07.001 --> 00:09:09.001 he will keep them in repair. 00:09:09.001 --> 00:09:15.000 The cobbler is the man who shoes them all. Though your boots may crack and wear 00:09:15.000 --> 00:09:21.000 he will keep them in repair. The cobbler is the man who shoes them all. They knew 00:09:21.000 --> 00:09:25.001 that other specialists were making houses for them. Good shingles for their roof. 00:09:26.001 --> 00:09:30.001 With the mallet in his hand and the shingle on the stand. 00:09:30.001 --> 00:09:37.000 The carpenter is the man who builds it all. Yes the carpenter is the man, the 00:09:37.000 --> 00:09:38.001 carpenter is the man. 00:09:39.000 --> 00:09:44.001 Summer, winter, spring and fall. For a sack of wheat or more he 00:09:44.001 --> 00:09:46.000 will make a roof or door. 00:09:46.001 --> 00:09:50.000 The carpenter is the man who builds it all. 00:09:52.001 --> 00:09:59.000 And so grandpa and the other farmers and the cobbler and the blacksmith got 00:09:59.000 --> 00:10:05.001 better houses and better shoes because a specialist does a better job. The people 00:10:05.001 --> 00:10:11.000 who specialized live near each other by the banks of the river where the water 00:10:11.000 --> 00:10:13.000 wheel could give power for machines. 00:10:13.001 --> 00:10:18.001 A small town grew up. If you think about it you'll see that's what 00:10:18.001 --> 00:10:20.001 towns and cities are. 00:10:20.001 --> 00:10:26.001 Places where specialists work and trade. Yes people who trade with each other 00:10:26.001 --> 00:10:28.001 depend on each other. 00:10:29.001 --> 00:10:35.001 The cobbler made his own shoes. The carpenter built his own house but each did 00:10:35.001 --> 00:10:40.001 only a part of getting his own food, clothing or shelter. 00:10:45.000 --> 00:10:51.001 Well the town grew bigger and bigger and bigger. 00:10:53.000 --> 00:10:58.001 It's like a tree growing. That starts from the roots like we started from the 00:10:58.001 --> 00:11:05.000 soil a farmer tilled. As the earth gave more we were able to grow away from the 00:11:05.000 --> 00:11:12.000 soil just the way a tree grows away from the roots. The way that the tree grows 00:11:12.000 --> 00:11:18.000 out of the ground is the way that the city grows out of the town. The men at the 00:11:18.000 --> 00:11:22.000 machine, the workers with the skill they're building up the city round the 00:11:22.000 --> 00:11:29.000 factory and mill. Now the chimneys are smoking to give us all a 00:11:29.000 --> 00:11:34.000 sign. A million men are working on the factory line. They come from the plains 00:11:34.000 --> 00:11:36.000 from the mountains and the woods. 00:11:36.001 --> 00:11:43.000 And they all work together to deliver the goods. Millions of specialists living 00:11:43.000 --> 00:11:47.001 side by side and none of them gets his own food or clothing 00:11:47.001 --> 00:11:49.001 or shelter all by himself. 00:11:50.001 --> 00:11:54.000 Yes we've been able to grow farther and farther from the soil. 00:11:55.001 --> 00:12:02.000 But as I keep saying a man always has to eat. A man 00:12:02.000 --> 00:12:09.000 needs a roof for a shelter and a shirt for to keep him warm. And a man needs 00:12:09.000 --> 00:12:15.001 a meal at the tabletop and our roots still need the soil. 00:12:16.000 --> 00:12:21.001 It's only because we have powerful tools like my tractor that we farmers can grow 00:12:21.001 --> 00:12:25.001 enough food for all those millions of city specialists. 00:12:28.001 --> 00:12:35.001 The farmer is the man, the farmer is the man. Summer, winter, spring and 00:12:35.001 --> 00:12:42.000 fall. When the springtime comes around he goes plowing up the ground. The farmer 00:12:42.000 --> 00:12:44.001 is the man who feeds them all. 00:13:00.001 --> 00:13:07.000 In the springtime and the fall when the corn is growing tall the farmer is the 00:13:07.000 --> 00:13:08.001 man who feeds him all. 00:13:09.001 --> 00:13:14.001 Yes the farmer is the man, the farmer is the man. Summer, 00:13:15.000 --> 00:13:16.001 winter, spring and fall. 00:13:17.001 --> 00:13:23.001 He comes riding into town with his wagon loaded down. The farmer is the 00:13:23.001 --> 00:13:25.000 man who feeds him all. 00:13:25.001 --> 00:13:32.000 He comes riding into town with his wagon loaded down. The farmer is the man 00:13:32.000 --> 00:13:34.000 who feeds him all. 00:13:35.000 --> 00:13:40.001 We farmers supply the food for the city markets. Grandpa supplied food for the 00:13:40.001 --> 00:13:45.001 cobbler so he could spend all his time making shoes. The cobbler made the whole 00:13:45.001 --> 00:13:49.001 shoe, the form, the sole and the upper. 00:13:50.000 --> 00:13:56.001 And he knew the man who wore it but it's different now. Today our 00:13:56.001 --> 00:14:03.001 cobblers work in factories and they are a different kind of specialist. Each of 00:14:03.001 --> 00:14:09.000 them makes only part of a shoe and it takes hundreds of people just to make one 00:14:09.000 --> 00:14:15.000 shoe but these hundreds can make more in a day than the cobbler could make in a 00:14:15.000 --> 00:14:20.000 lifetime. That means I'm depending on hundreds of cobblers for 00:14:20.000 --> 00:14:21.001 just one pair of shoes. 00:14:22.001 --> 00:14:26.001 Yet these factory specialists make all these shoes for people they never even 00:14:26.001 --> 00:14:32.001 see, people I depend on, people in all walks of life. For instance the fishermen 00:14:32.001 --> 00:14:39.000 bringing in their catch, their scaly gold. Our ships are in the fish are caught, 00:14:39.001 --> 00:14:44.001 the car goes on the shore, we'll dump our catch upon the docks and then sail back 00:14:44.001 --> 00:14:50.000 for more. With a blow he wins in the morning, blow he wins high ho, fill the hole 00:14:50.000 --> 00:14:56.000 with scaly gold and blow blow blow. It's first unload the fish we stowed that 00:14:56.000 --> 00:14:59.000 once swam down below and when they're stored we'll climb 00:14:59.000 --> 00:15:01.000 aboard and back to sea we'll go. 00:15:01.001 --> 00:15:06.000 With a blow he wins in the morning, blow he wins high ho, fill the hole with 00:15:06.000 --> 00:15:12.000 scaly gold and blow blow blow. I couldn't be bringing in the crops if they 00:15:12.000 --> 00:15:17.000 weren't bringing in the fish supplying not only me but the other workers I depend 00:15:17.000 --> 00:15:21.000 on like the workers in the clothing factory turning out clothes. 00:15:22.000 --> 00:15:28.000 Workers whose job is divided among specialists the way the cob was today. Instead 00:15:28.000 --> 00:15:33.000 of grandmom making a dress by herself, thousands are working at making dresses, 00:15:33.001 --> 00:15:39.001 suits and clothes. Working on the clothing working all the day, cutting and the 00:15:39.001 --> 00:15:44.001 shaping and the scissoring the way. Put them on the presses and you press them 00:15:44.001 --> 00:15:51.001 carefully working in the clothing factory. Dress as coats and trousers make 00:15:51.001 --> 00:15:56.000 them carefully working in the clothing factory. 00:15:58.000 --> 00:16:05.000 And for the buildings we have nowadays you can't just call in a carpenter 00:16:05.000 --> 00:16:11.001 like grandpa did. We need thousands of specialists just to cut the timber and get 00:16:11.001 --> 00:16:18.001 it to the sawmill. Timber timber and that 00:16:18.001 --> 00:16:25.000 timber's gonna roll. Timber timber and 00:16:25.000 --> 00:16:26.001 that timber's gonna roll. 00:16:26.001 --> 00:16:33.000 It takes a PB hook and a redwood and a 10 pound chain on a pine 00:16:33.000 --> 00:16:40.000 and a sawmill down by the river just to get that timber down the line. 00:16:40.001 --> 00:16:46.001 Calling timber timber. Man that timber's gonna roll. 00:16:47.000 --> 00:16:50.000 Timber timber. 00:16:50.001 --> 00:16:57.001 Man that timber's gonna roll. Now you take a lumber yard in the city and a police 00:16:57.001 --> 00:17:04.000 spinning up on high and a good strong hull up a red brick wall just to heist that 00:17:04.000 --> 00:17:06.001 timber to the sky. 00:17:08.000 --> 00:17:14.001 Why I'm even depending on other farmers far far away harvesting wheat on the 00:17:14.001 --> 00:17:21.001 Kansas plains to feed the people I depend on. Miners and workers in the machine 00:17:21.001 --> 00:17:23.001 factory and lots of others. 00:17:24.001 --> 00:17:31.000 You see Tommy with the tools we have today farmers all over the country can 00:17:31.000 --> 00:17:37.001 produce great surpluses. These tools get their strength not only from the 00:17:37.001 --> 00:17:44.001 arms of a man but from coal and gasoline and electricity and 00:17:44.001 --> 00:17:50.001 thousands of men have to spend their time making the tool where only a few made 00:17:50.001 --> 00:17:57.000 grandpa's axe or his scythe. For a tool like my tractor you need 00:17:57.000 --> 00:18:03.001 miners who spend all day digging out tons of coal and iron. We need 00:18:03.001 --> 00:18:08.001 factory workers who mold that iron into shape and put it together to build 00:18:08.001 --> 00:18:12.000 tractors for farmers all over the country. 00:18:14.000 --> 00:18:19.000 Working on the tractor working all the day turning out the motors 00:18:19.000 --> 00:18:21.000 together up the hay. 00:18:21.000 --> 00:18:25.001 You bolt the frame together and you heist it carefully working 00:18:25.001 --> 00:18:27.001 in the tractor factory. 00:18:29.000 --> 00:18:34.000 Set them on the axle careful with the wheel rubber bolts and copper 00:18:34.000 --> 00:18:36.000 wire iron and steel. 00:18:36.001 --> 00:18:42.001 Rivets chain hardwood heavy as can be we're all working in a tractor factory. 00:18:44.000 --> 00:18:47.001 Turning out a tractor just for me. 00:18:49.001 --> 00:18:55.000 So you see all these powerful tools help me to produce more food so I can feed 00:18:55.000 --> 00:18:57.000 the people who make them. 00:18:58.000 --> 00:19:02.001 Whoa whoa boy whoa hey you're home right now. 00:19:03.000 --> 00:19:09.001 Come on over you go. In other words it doesn't matter what job I have everybody's 00:19:09.001 --> 00:19:12.000 depending on me. That's right and you'll be depending on all those other 00:19:12.000 --> 00:19:14.000 people just what you're doing your job. 00:19:14.000 --> 00:19:16.001 So when we work we're all building together. 00:19:18.000 --> 00:19:23.001 It takes a lot of people to build this land and everyone is landing 00:19:23.001 --> 00:19:25.001 a helping hand. 00:19:26.000 --> 00:19:30.001 The man who owns the mill and the man who runs the train they're working with the 00:19:30.001 --> 00:19:37.000 farmer on the Kansas plain. In every city the worker at the 00:19:37.000 --> 00:19:41.000 wheel is cutting out the clothing and a stamping out the steel. 00:19:41.001 --> 00:19:47.001 They're working in the city while we're working in the woods and we'll all work 00:19:47.001 --> 00:19:53.000 together to deliver the goods. We'll all work together to deliver 00:19:53.000 --> 00:19:54.001 the goods.