This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. Google" books http://books.google.com UNIVERSI Bibli^thoek j Vlaamscho -•> b Ad c’:-:- >w> 'i L ij II o^eoC to Gont %‘j) S Digitized by Google Digitized by Google RE HUM BRITANNICARUM MEDI1 /EM SCRIFTORES, CHRONICLES AND MEMORIALS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND DURING THE MIDDLE AGES. 9875 , a Digitized by Google Digitized by Google THE CHRONICLES AND MEMORIALS OP GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND DURING THE MIDDLE AGES. rnriT.TSTTFo p.y ttte authority nr nrn majesty’s trearfry, under TTTF DIRECTION o F TTTE MASTFK OF TTIF ROTJ.S. On the 20th of January 1857, the Master of the Rolls submitted to the Treasury a proposal for the publication of materials for the History of this Country from the Invasion of the Romans to the Reign of Henry VIII. The Master of the Rolls suggested that these materials should be selected for publication under competent editors without reference to periodical or chronological arrangement, without mutilation or abridgment, prefer- ence being given, in the first instance, to such materials as were most scarce and valuable. He proposed that each chronicle or historical docu- ment to be edited should be treated in the same way as if the editor were engaged on an Editio Princeps ; and for this purpose the most correct text should be formed from an accurate collation of the best MSS. To render the work more generally useful, the Master of the Rolls suggested that the editor should give an account of the MSS. employed by him, of their age and their peculiarities; that he should add to the work a brief account of the life and times of the author, and any remarks necessary to explain the chronology ; but no other note or comment was to be allowed, except what might be necessary to establish the correctness of the text. & 2 Digitized by Google 4 The works to be published in octavo, separately, as they were finished ; the whole responsibility of the task resting upon the editors, who were to be chosen by the Master of the Rolls with the sanction of the Treasury. The Lords of Her Majesty’s Treasury, after a careful consideration of the subject, expressed their opinion in a Treasury Minute, dated February 9, 1857, that the plan recommended by the Master of the Rolls “was well calculated for the accomplishment of this important national object, in an effectual and satisfactory manner, within a reasonable time, and provided proper attention be paid to economy, in making the detailed arrange- ments, without unnecessary expense.” They expressed their approbation of the proposal that each chronicle and historical document should be edited in such a manner as to represent with all possible cor- rectness the text of each writer, derived from a collation of the best MSS., and that no notes should be added, except such as were illustrative of the various readings. They suggested, however, that the preface to each work should contain, in addition to the particulars proposed by the Master of the Rolls, a biographical account of the author, so far as authentic materials existed for that purpose, and an estimate of his historical credibility and value. Bolls House , December 1857 . Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Goo 4 * ‘boy ^ £oh, Inti). \o th* tyvu*. LEECHDOMS, WORTCUNNING, AND STARCRAFT OF EARLY ENGLAND. BEING A COLLECTION OF DOCUMENTS, FOR THE MOST PART NEVER BEFORE PRINTED, ILLUSTRATING THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE IN THIS COUNTRY BEFORE THE NORMAN CONQUEST. COLLECTED AND EDITED BY THE REV. OSWALD COCKAYNE, M.A. CANTAB. VOL. II. PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HEU MAJESTY’S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE BOLLS. LONDON: Longman, gbeen, longman, Roberts* and green. 1865 . Digitized by CjOOQle Printed by ExjUi and Spottiswoode, Her Majesty’s Printers. For Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Digitized by Google CONTENTS Page Preface - - - - vii Leech Book. Book L 1 „ Book II. 158 „ Book III. - 300 Glossary - - - - - -361 Index of Proper Names - - - 415 Digitized by Google Digitized by PREFACE Digitized by Google Digitized by Google PREFACE. No historical records are complete without the usual chapter on Manners and Customs ; and the true scholar never feels himself well in possession of the requisite knowledge of the past age, till he has so learnt its time honoured tale, as to apprehend in a human and practical sense those feelings which made its super- stitions plausible, its heathenism social, its public institutions tend, in the end, to the general welfare. The Saxons have not been more fortunate than others in their appreciation by us, self satisfied moderns. They have been, and still are, I believe, commonly regarded as mangy dogs, whose success against the Keltic race in this country was owing chiefly to their starved condition and ravening hunger. The children protest that, positively, as they know from their most reliable handbooks, these roving savages stuffed their bellies with acorns, and the enlightened literati and dilettanti begrudge them any feeling of respect for their queens and ladies, or any arts such as befit our “Albion’s “ glorious isle ” under an English king. The work now published for the first time, and from a unique manuscript, will, if duly studied, afford a large store of information to a very different effect, and show' us that the inhabitants of this land in Saxon times were able to extract a very fair share of comfortable food, and healing medicines, and savoury drinks directly or indirectly from it. Many readers Digitized by CjOOQle Vlll PREFACE. will be glad to see drawn together into one the scat- tered notices which occur most plentifully here, and occasionally elsewhere, upon this matter. At his noon meat or dinner, at the horn nonet, or ninth hour of the day , 1 for the word noon has now changed its sense, the Saxon spread his table duly and suitably with a table cloth . 2 He could place on it for the entertainment of his family and household, the flesh of neat cattle , 3 now Normanized, as Sir Walter Scott has made familiar to all, into beef, the flesh of sheep , 4 now called mutton, of pig, of goat , 5 of calf , 5 of deer, especially the noble hart , 6 of wild boar , 6 the pea- cock, swan, duck , 7 culver or pigeon , 8 waterfowl, barn- door fowl , 0 geese , 10 and a great variety of wild fowl, which the fowler caught with net, noose, birdlime, birdcalls, hawks, and traps ; 11 salmon, eels, hake, pil- chards, eelpouts , 12 trout, lampreys, herrings, sturgeon, oysters, crabs, periwinkles, plaice, lobsters, sprats , 13 and so on . 14 The cookery of these viands was not wholly contemp- tible. It was entrusted to professors of that admired art , 16 who could, though their accomplishments have been neglected by the annalists, put on the board oyster patties , 16 and fowls stuffed with bread and such worts as parsley . 17 Weaker stomachs could have light 1 Horn. II. 256. Also Seo funne j aJ>yrci»obe . jrjiam mibb»£e o*S non, ALII. 158 a, The sun was darkened from midday till noon. Even here our dictionaries blunder. 2 BeobclaS, M. G. 8, line 3 1 . Mype h])K£el, Lye. 3 Lb. II. vii., etc. 4 Coll. Alonasticon, p. 20. 4 Lb. II. xvi. " Coll. Mon. p. 22. 7 Lb. IL xvi. 8 Lb. II. xxx. 2. * DD. 504 j Lb. IL xvi. 2. 10 Lb. II. xvi. 2. 11 Coll. Mon. p. 25. 12 Young eels (Kersey). 13 Sppoixas not in the dictionaries. Besides two passages in which it occurs, reserved for reasons which readers of the Shrine will ynder- stand, it occurs Coll. Mon. p. 23. , See French Celerin, Selerin ; the | MS. has Salin. 14 Coll. Mon. pp. 23, 24. ! u Coll. Mon. p. 20. i 16 Lb. II. xxiii. | 1 Lb.JULxii. Digitized by Google PREFACE. IX food, chickens , 1 2 3 giblets, pigs trotters , 8 eggs, broth, various preparations of milk, some of the nature of junkets . 8 From some of their drawings, their cookery of meat seems to have been more Homeric 4 than Roman or modern English, for we see portions of meat brought up on small spits, all hot, to the table. All food that required it was sweetened with honey, before men had betaken themselves to sugar. For fruits, we know they had sweet apples , 5 which are not indigenous to England, pears, peaches , 6 medlars, plums, and cherries. Saxons, thus well provided with eatables, could satisfy thirst with not a few good and savoury drinks ; with beer, with strong beer, with ale, with strong ale, with clear ale, with foreign ale, and with what they called twybrowen, that is, double brewed ale, a luxury, now rare, and rare too then probably . 7 These ales and beers were, of course, to deserve the name, and as we learn from many passages of the present publi- cation, made of malt, and some of them, not all pro- bably, were hopped . 8 I have sufficiently, in the Glos- sary , 9 established that the hop plant and its use were known to the Saxons, and that they called it by a name, after which I have inquired in vain among hop growers and hop pickers in Worcestershire and Kent, the Hymele . 10 The hop grows wild in our hedges, male and female, and the Saxons in this state called it the hedge hymele ; a good valid presumption that they knew it in its fertility. Three of the Saxon legal deeds 1 As before. 2 Lb. II. i. 3 Gl. ylecan. 1 Koi &fjup* ofM\oiaiv ^Otjkop. 5 Mylsce seppla, Lb. II. xvi. 0 Persocas, Lb. p. 176 ; Laen. 89 ; A i8a£. 31. 7 Lb. I. xlvii. 3. 8 Hb. lxviii. * See also Preface, Vol. I. p. lv. 10 I find Ymele, fem., gen -an, for a roll , scroll, volumen. The Hymele is in glossaries frequently Volubilis ; and the two suggest a derivation for either from Ymbe = *A noman: nearly the same on the same folio, towards the end, at Gpt pnolep . That this prescription is found in Plinius Yalerianus does not help us. Another like a plummet line, sometimes as in the facsimile, and at fol. 30 b. for angnail, with a ring at top, sometimes with a cross line, as at fol. 30 b., line 4. gip naejl fie, is so much like that called I., that it may be meant for the same name. There is another like F. reversed, occurring at ol. 11 a. 6ft jiyplap, also at fol. 32 a., towards the end of the leaf, jxmne Jm pyp, at fol. 55 b. as in the facsimile, twice with a slight difference, at fol 56 b. top line, with another small variation, at fol. 57 b. at last line but one ; at fol. 94 a., eft jenim ipiep leaf ; at foL 125 b., by the third line of chapter lxiiii., with these words, “ quia omni potu et omni medicinae maleficia- “ torum et demoniacorum a[d]miscenda est aqua bene- “ dicta, et psalmis et orationibus vacandum est, sicut “ in hoc capitulo plene docetur.” At fol 31 b. by the word eallunja is a mark with a blot, meant probably .for I. At foL 55 b. pp )m pille, at 55 b., as in fac- simile, at 56 a., chapter lxxv. lxxvi, is a sign like EL, with legs of varied length, thus running into re- versed F. At folio 56 b., chapter lxxxii., is an oma- Digitized by Google PREFACE. XXXI merited cross ; this occurs but once. At foL 94 a., chapter xli., the mark I. is three times repeated III. The marginal bimitte, fol. 108 b., means that the scribe was getting his task done : he was not aware of the ad- ditional book III. If these signs refer to native treatises, unknown to us, and now irrecoverable, they go to illus- trate the existence of an English school of teaching medicines ; as do the expressions “ as leeches ken,” not of rare occurrence. Besides these marks and signs as given above, we More cypher, find at fol. 30 b. by the end of the sentence, bo plytan to, etc., in chapter xxxiv., some writing in cypher, thus : — and again at fol. 89 b., chapter xxxiv., thus : — IsM /'J/Oim NdS’ff-U The key to writing of this sort has never been pub- lished, and now for those who are skilled in such matters an account of it shall be given, The letters were divided into groups, and these, of law of this course, were at the discretion of every man severally, cypher * as regarded their number and how many letters they might contain. The groups, first, second, third, and so on were commonly denoted by dots ; the upstrokes shewed by their number what place in the group each letter held. Thus, to spell Oxa, if the first group began at A, and contained six letters, then the second would begin at H, and if it contained eight letters, omitting J as not ancient, then the third group would begin at Q, and might go on, combining U and V, to the end ; so that Oxa would be thus spelt : — ■/////// .■■//////•/ Digitized by Google XXX11 PJREFACE. Norse element and Dun would be thus : — • //// //////.•////// Some of the first letters in the specimens before us have no dot, and may perhaps be reckoned from the beginning, A. Another method employed a line of dots instead of upstrokes, so that Oxa appeared, if the groups of letters remained the same, thus : — and Dun thus:— In his Thesaurus, Hickes and his associate Wanley give other methods employed by the Saxons, of which a common one was to employ the next following letter to that meant, so that Oxa would be Pyb, and Dun, Ewo. These devices, which have in them something of the quality of riddles and conundrums, were as amusing to the idle mind in old times as they are now. When among the varied accomplishments with which men are gifted, we read in the Codex Exoniensis, pum bij? life henbij to appitanne popb jeppno, One is cunning handy to awrite word mysteries , we have an allusion to this art of secret writing, or to its kindred riddle puzzles. There is but little encouragement to unravel these marginal marks of the Leechbook, since the two speci- mens afford us but a very scant basis for inductive reasoning. But, doubtless, when laid before the inqui- sitive eyes of restless men, they may naturally give rise to some unhappy conjectures. Perhaps in dissecting the curious mosaic work of this Leechbook, we may be as much struck by the Old Dansk, or as people now say, Norse element in the words Torbegete, Rudniolin, Ons worm, and the Digitized by Google PREFACE. xxxiii herb Fornets palm, as by its Irish admixture, or its Greek and Latin basis, or its fragments from King iElfreds handbook. The third book of the volume is a separate produc- Third book, tion from the two former. This is evident by the colophon at the end of the second, declaring who owned, and who wrote the book, and by the word a dimitte ” in the margin of the last section, indicating the approach of a close. This other book, then, is generally of the same tone as the preceding ; a marginal mark, as men- tioned above, is the same as stands by the side of some recipes given earlier, and the monkish habit of saying some good words over the sick is as ready to show itself. We may therefore conclude it to be, at least, of the same age ; possibly by the same hand as the other two. On the whole, this work brings into a clear strong light, the plentiful supply of good English food for the brave appetites of the AngulSeaxe, the large importation of foreign wine and ale and plenteous brew of potent homo beer and ale and mead, the mulled and honeyed drinks for weaker palates ; the colleges of leechcraft, the Greek and Latin medical studies of the most eminent teachers, the wide and far back traceable herboristic traditions, the far and wide inquiries of King iElfred and men of his time like him, and it will prove every way a most valuable work to the student of English an- tiquity. In the preface to Vol. I. a few pages were devoted to an examination of some points of grammar; these were, of course, to some extent a precaution against idle cavils and ignorant criticism of the translation. The same considerations make it desirable to set forth a few more simple observations and to support them by examples. It seems clear enough that the modem system of Long vowels, marking long vowels by an accent is not in harmony Digitized by Google xxxiv PREFACE. with ancient authorities ; a long syllable often gets the accent, but a short vowel also is frequently found to take one. 1 2 The manuscripts have a method unexcep- tionable, and discriminative, of showing that a vowel is long by writing that vowel twice, and in some words that mode of spelling prevails now. They give us, oc- casionally, 500b, good y boom, doom , “ aam, cautere,”* (whence we may conclude that the cognate Oman, will have O long, 3 4 ) aac, oak, pus, wise* and so forth. The information contained in this device of our forefathers lias not yet attracted a due share of notice ; for example, the word Sib, a path , deriving itself probably from the same source as Semita, becomes in the Mcesogothic Sinj>-, and has been supposed to exhibit a vowel necessarily, as before two consonants, short by nature ; thus producing a short I in the old English. But Sib we know to have a long vowel by the spelling Siib. 5 It is not true that a Teutonic or Old English vowel before two consonants is necessarily short. Some glos- saries throw the alphabet into confusion for the sake of giving short A first, then long A. Mislead by accentual marks, the compilers presume that the prefix A must be long, whereas the tradition of our language, as in Afraid, Abroad, Abased, and the short vowel of the particles wliich it generally represents, prove that in those instances it is short. Where A represents An, one , as in Apseb for Anpseb, coinstant , the case may be different. In the parallel case of Un- the prefix, the Greek Av-, the Latin In-, the vowel is undoubtedly short, but in pronunciation it has an accent, as in Unknown, and it is frequently found accented in the MSS. Nothing but a notion that the language of 1 Vol. L pp. xciv., xcv. 2 Gl. C. 3 See also the Glossary. 4 Beda, 547. 16. 3 Beda, 571. 34. See Layamon, ‘25836, 25837. In Bir. Moritz, Heyne has marked the vowel long, rightly. We have also GesutS, but Gesi'ft'Sas. Digitized by Google PREFACE. XXXV JSlfric and Alfred is dead could encourage a foreigner to such experiments. It is said by those who had opportunities of know- Accents, ing, that the painful accentual system devised by the late J. M. Kemble was abandoned by him before his death. It was, indeed, opposed to the elementary laws of vocalization ; for it is known to all, who have gone fully into the subject, that a prefix, if accented itself, affects the accentuation and the vocalization of any word with which it is compounded. The subject might be largely illustrated and its essential laws developed from the Oriental languages ; but I will confine my- self to that which is now before us. There can be no reasonable doubt but that JTilbe, wild, and Deop, deer , were pronounced with the vowels long, and the ridiculous theory that a vowel before two consonants is short by nature, can mislead but few ; it amounts to this, that we never could say Beast, Least, but must pro- nounce those words, Best, Lest. These two words pilbe, Deop, being compounded and formed into one, retained the accent and full sound on the syllable most impor- tant to the sense, and may be found in the genitive singular under the form pilbpep . 1 Thus the affix Deop lost its proper accent because a more powerful claim- ant had become it close neighbour. Another example is found in pitan, to reproach , which, as appears from Layamon , 2 had its vowel by nature long. This word is often compounded with the preposition Mt, which by defect of grammatical knowledge among the old penmen commonly appears as eb- ; Layamon 3 exhibits the compound still retaining the long vowel ; but the Paris Psalter 4 spells ebpitrc, where, according to the 1 CE, 258, line 10. - Layamon, 21311. 8 Ofte heo heom on smiten, Ofte heo heom atwiten. Layamon, 26584. 4 Psalm cxviii. 39. Digitized by Google xxxvi PREFACE. Letters. Genders. German way of talking, the second t is " inorganic/’ and serves only to mark the shortness of the vowel. Under this form the word is our Twit. Enough has been said to show that the length of the vowels in Saxon English is a very wide subject, and to justify the postponement of any decisions in the Glossary. In our oldest manuscripts j>ojin often occurs where it is the custom to print T. RepS, bed , rest, LujdS, 'pleasure, lust , and a hundred others are examples : the superlatives end in J?om, as $ seSelepfe mseben, the very noble maiden, the participles also. In the Codex Exoniensis the editor removed these features of antiquity ; they offended him ; and were not ac- cording to Rask . 1 If any such occur in the present volume they are preserved; they are not dialectic, but archaic. In genders the glossaries are untrustworthy; thus, the most recent is found, as regards the few words common to both, much wrong, when compared with the citations in that at the end of this volume. It is unsafe to trust compounds with je-, for the gen- ders of the simples, for Ge- being a form of Con-, and collective, its compounds are found to have a tendency to run into the neuter . 2 * * * Simples cannot always be relied on for the gender of the compound ; all modems take poppypb for a feminine, after pypb, but in a wide scope of unpublished materials I have always found it neuter . 8 Occasionally a new principle comes in, and by attrac- tion the article agrees with the former element in the compound, instead of the latter ; hence paerepcebpe 1 For example, GebicpsaS, Gepel- ja'S, p. 358; J>eoS, p. 357. Abpe- o)>e$, p. 337 ; Bl®$, p. 310. * Thus Spp®c is feminine, Ge- rppwc, neuter. 5 Tpa cneopholen, Lb. I. xlvii. 3, perhaps makes kneeholly neuter ; or else Tpa, is two parts. This remark should have appeared in the Glossary. Digitized by Google PREFACE. xxxvii appears as neuter ; Sibpmpc, 1 feminine. Hence the Codex Exoniensis prefers to write p plsepchopb. 2 Numerals admit of a substantive in the singular, so Numerals with that our traditional expressions, Twelvemonth, a Six a singular * foot rule, he weighs Twelve stone, are correct accord- ing to ancient usage. 8 Distinction must be drawn be- tween masculines, which had a plural in s, and feminines, as Night in Fortnight, or neuters, as in Five pound note, Twelve home power, for these had in ancient time no s in the plural. Thus xii. monaj;, 4 Jjpie cuclep, 6 did not require remark : similarly tpejen psetrelp pull ealaS, 6 nijantyne pinrep *j tpejen monajv iv. monaj?, 8 and the MS. reading in Beowulf, 4342,° may stand. Examples are not very rare in other works beside Idiomatic this Leechbook, when of a set of words under one a PP 08,tioI, • regimen, those that come last in order appear in the nominative, that is, in no regimen at all. Thus popbpepbum Deupbebit pe Apcebipceop, defuncto Deus - dedit archiepixcopo. 10 Fepbe ]>a pibban • *j jepetrce aenne maeppeppeopt policappup jehaten • halij pep *j pnocop, 11 which would be literally, Deinde profectus cvttulit prexbyterum , policarpux appeUatus , vir sanctux atque pi'udenx. pa aeteopbe pebaptnanup on ppsepne anpe pubepan • lucma gecijeb pprbe aeppfept: man, 12 which would be equivalent to, Tunc apparuit Sebastiomus in somnio viducv cuidam, Lucina nominata , homo valde religiosa. This, when it comes to be acknow- ledged generally, may be called Idiomatic apposition. Harsh transitions in pronouns from plurals to sin- gulars, and back again, are not peculiar to this work ; 1 Lb. p. 260, line 1. * CE, 373, line 3. * So in German. 4 Lib. HI. xyiii. 4 Lb. L xvi. 2. Tpybiel, Lb. I. vi 3, yiii. 2, is a compound. VOL. IX. • OT, 256. 5. 7 Beda, 539. 23. 8 Beda, 564. 13. 9 Thorpe, 4355. 10 Beda, p. 563, line 6. " MH. 32 a. d Digitized by Google xxxviii PREFACE. they are found in others of an earlier date, bearing episcopal names for their authors. I desire again to acknowledge many courtesies and kindnesses at Cambridge, Oxford, the Corpus Library, and that of the British Museum. O. C. Deoember, 1864. Digitized by Google ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. Page 60, sect, xviii., line 2. for tican read tiiian. Page 130, sect, lx., line 1 .for jrealye read peal^e. Page 174, line 24. for mom^e read monise. Page 194, line 11 . for Taen read Tacn. Page 210, line 1 8.^01- blobeyj* read blobep. Page 224, sect, xxviii., line 1 .for u$eppe read uyeppe. Page 292, note 2. add “ they are possibly a corrupt representation of “ M i&mfanj ” Page 324, sect, xxx., line 4. jmbnpeaxan is one word. Page 349, line 29. Hyios. Page 391, glossary, y. J}eap. Cf. ^elanb jepopc ne sefjnce'S monna aenigum Sapa $e mimmins can heapne gehealban. (Fragments printed by Prof. Stephens.) The Wieland work will fail no man, who kenneth to wield biting Mimming, where the editor reads heapne as hoar. Digitized by Google Digitized by LEECH BOOK. VOL. II. A Digitized by Google fol. 1 ft. fol. 1 b. [LMCE BOC .] 1 * * .L LiEEE DOMAS 8 piD eallum untpymneppum heapbef hpanan eallep je healpep heapbef ece cume • claepnunja *j fpilmj pi*S hpum *j jillifcpum to heapbep hselo • *j hu mon pcyle jebpocenep heapbep tilijean *j jip J786t bprojen ut fie. :• .n. Lsecebomap pi8 eallum -tiebepneppum eajena* pi8 eajna mifte je ealbep je jeonjep mannep hpanan f cume *j pi)? phe pi8 eajna teapum «j pi8 pemme on eajum • pi8 aepmselum • -j pp mon fupeje pie • pi8 poccef on eajum *j pi8 jepijom pij? pypmum on eajum *j eajpealpa aelcef cynnep. . IIL Laecebomaf pi8 eallum eapena ece lape • pi]? eapena beape • *j pi8 vpelpe 8 hlyfte • jip pypmap on eapan pyn *j pij? eappicjan 4 * *j pp eapan bymen *j eap pealpe selcep cynnep. .IIIL Lsececpeeptap pi)? healpjunbe *j hu )?u meaht jecunman hpsepep hit healpjunb fie *j p fio abl ip tpejea cynna oj?ep on )?am jeajle oJ?ep on )?sepe 8potan pyptbpenc *j pealp pi)? pon • *j pij? ceacena fpyle *j prS fpeopco)?e *j jeajlep fpyle. 1 See 11. xlii contents. * This first page of the MS. has suffered somewhat from time and use. * This reading makes hlyjr femi- nine. See the text. 4 Wanley reads eappicgftf. The text seems to my eyes to be as I have given it; picgs&n occurs L lxi. 2. Digitized by Google MS. Reg, 13. D. xvii. LEECH BOOK . 1 L Leechdoms against all infirmities of the head, and whence comes ache of all or of the half* head, 8 and cleansings and swilling against filth and ratten to the health of the head ; and how one must tend a broken head, and how if the brain be out. ii. Leechdoms against all tendernesses of the eyes, against mist of the eyes, either of an old or of a young man, and whence that comes, and against white spot and against tears of eyes, and against speck on eyes, against imminutions, and if a man be blear- eyed, against pocks on eyes, and against “figs,” 4 and against worms, or insects; and eye salves of every kind. iii. Leechdoms against all ache and sore of ears, against deafness of ears, and against ill hearing, and if worms be in the ears, and against earwigs, and if the ears din, and ear salves of every kind. iv. Leechcrafts against neck ratten, 6 and how thou mayest ascertain whether it be neck ratten, and that the disease is of two sorts, either in the jowl or in the throat, and a wort drink and a salve for that, and for swellings of the jaws and for quinsy, and for swelling of the jowl. 1 See £L xlii. contents. * Or megrim (fipiKpavta). * Tjfwcpdviov. 4 A disease so called, sties , wisps. 3 Probably from scrofula. A 2 Contents. Digitized by Google 4 LiECE BOC. fol. 2 a. .V. Laecebomap jtp mannep mu8 pap pie je tybpeb i P 1 ! 7 geblejnabpe tunjan mu)? fealp pij? )?on llcan. Jh8 pultim opo8e • in. laecebomap. .vi. Laecebomaf pi8 to)?paepce • *j j?p pypm top ete to)?pealpa • ept pi8 )>am upepan top ece *j pi8 J?am m)?eppan. :• .vii. Laecebom jip mon blob hpaece. :• .VIIL Laecebomap pi8 blaece on ‘jplitan *j bpip pip )?on llcan pealp ealpa peopep. :• .vim. Laecebomap jip men ypne blob op nebbe ept blobpetrena je on to binbanne je on eape to bonne je hopfe je men ealpa* x. :• .X. Laecebom pi)? jefnote • *j yip jepofium. :• .XI. Laecebomap yip papum peoloplim. :• .xii. Laecebom pi8 peam 1 mujie «j pi8 ceolan fpyle* J?py laecebomap. :• .xni. Laecebom pij? haeppoeapbe. [xiv.] Laecebom pij? peaban 8 :• [xv.] Laecebomap pi8 hpoftan hu he mippenlice’ on man becym8 *j hu hip man tilian fcyle *j pyptbpencaf pi)? hpoftan *j pij? anjbpeofte *j bpyjum hpoftan enb- lepan cpaeptap. :• [xvi.] .xiiii. Laecebomaf pi8 bpeoft paepce^ mi. cpaeptaf. [xvil] .xv. Laecebomap pi)? heoptpaepce • v. cpaep- taf. :• [xviii.] .xvi. Laecebomap pij? J?am miclan pcj?an hu he cym8 op acolobum majan oJ?)>e to fpi8e hatura o88e op to micelpe pylle o)?J?e laepneppe o)?J?e 6p ypelpe paetan phtenbpe hu hif mon tilian pcyle pi8 aelc j?apa* 1 In text pouum, for pohum. | 2 j-eaftan ; text. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 5 v. Leechdoms if a mans mouth be sore or made Cohtbhts. tender, and for a blained tongue, a mouth salve for the same. For foul breath ; three leechdoms. vi. Leechdoms for tooth ache, and if a worm eat the tooth, and tooth salves. Again for the upper tooth ache and for the nether. vii. Leechdom if a man hreak up blood. viii. Leechdoms for a blotch on the face, and brewit 1 * * for the same, and a salve. Four in all ix. Leechdoms if blood run from a mans nose. Again blood stoppings, either to bind on or to put on the ear ; either for horse or man. Ten in alL x. Leechdom for snot and for poses . 8 xi Leechdoms for sore lips. xii. Leechdom for wry mouth and for swelling of the gullet. Three leechdoms. xiii. A leechdom for hair lip. [xiv.] A leechdom for xXvdcovsg, watery fluctuations . 8 [xv.] Leechdoms against host ; 4 * * how it variously comes on man, and how a man shall treat it; and wort drinks for host and for oppression on the chest and dry cough. Eleven receipts. [xvi] xiv. Leechdoms for breast wark . 8 Four re- ceipts. [xvii.] xv. Leechdoms for heart wark. Five re- ceipts. [xviii.] xvi. Leechdoms for the great hicket, and how it arises from a chilled stomach, or a much too hot one, or of too much fullness, or of leemess,® or of evil wet 7 wounding, and how a man shall treat it ; against each of them. 1 The lomentum of the Roman j women, a paste of poise, generally I of lentils ; women used it to im- prove their complexions, and it was eatable though unsavoury. * Colds in the head. * See II. xxxix. 4 Host, cough , pronounced with o short * Wark is pain. 6 Emptiness. 7 Humour . Digitized by Google 6 LiKCK BOC. fol. 2 b. • Read lino. foL 3 a. [xix.] .xvn. Lsecebom ap pip plsetan upejen ee}>ele. :• .xx. Lmoebomap pij> pculbop p®p p on jip )?eoh plapan. . xxiiii. Ltecebomap yip cneop pa&pce *j $ip cneop fap fie. r* .xxy. Lsecebomap yip fc&ncena pape *j £fp foancan popabe fynb oppe oJ>ep Km peopep cpseptaf *j hu mon fpelcean pcyle. :• .xxyi. Laecebomaf £ip fm a pqnnce «j aeptep J>am fie pap o88e fpelle oSBe jip monnep poc to hommum fcpimme y fcpince *j jip fino clseppette epacije eallep peopep cpseptaf. :• .xxvn. Laecebomaf yip potece oppe o)>pep limep oppe pota jefpelle pop miclan janje ♦ yi. cpsep[tap]. :• .xxviii. Lacaebomap yip ban ece *j pealp *j bpenc J>py cpaeptap J?aep pynb. .xxviiii. Laecebomaf jip mannep jetapa beop fape oppe ajmnbene pyy cpaeptap. .xxx. Laecebomaf pij> aecelman «j pij? Son 8e men acale p&t pel op )?am pottim. .xxxi. Laecebomaf yip aelcum heapbnm Jnnje oppe fpyle oppe jefpelle *j yip aelcpe ypelpe fpellenbpe paetan *j pijnnnan jepypfmebum jefpelle psm pe pyp$ op pylle o88e op pleje oppe op hpypca 1 hpilcum *j yip fpi8e peeplicum fpylfim *j yip beabum fpylum *j pealpae *j bpencaf *j fpejnnge *j bsep yip eallum lichoman fpyltim ealpa laeoeboma tpam leep jjpitij. 1 Text hjucrca: read hjucj*a ? Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 7 [xix.] xvii. Leechdoras against nausea. Two noble Contents. ones. xx. Leechdoms against shoulder wark. Three re- ceipts. xxi. Leechdoms for sore of the right side and of the left. Six receipts. xxii. Leechdoms for loin ache. Four. xxiii. Leechdoms for thigh ache, two; and one in case the thighs be benumbed . 1 xxiv. Leechdoms for knee wark, and if the knee be sore. xxv. Leechdoms for sore of shanks, and if shanks be broken, or another limb. Four receipts, and how a man shall apply splints to it. xxvi. Leechdoms if a sinew shrink, and after that be sore or swell, or if a mans foot shram 8 to the hams and shrink, and if a sinew have pulsation and quake. In all four receipts. xxvii. Leechdoms for foot ache or swelling of another limb or of the feet, by reason of much travel Six receipts. xxviii. Leechdoms for leg ache, and a salve, and a drink. There are three receipts for it xxix. Leechdoms if a mans tools be sore or swollen. Three receipts. xxx. Leechdoms against chillblain, and in case that for a man the skin of the feet be chilly. xxxi. Leechdoms for every hard thing or swelling or tumour, and for every evil swelling humour and tumour purulent within, such as groweth of a fall or of a blow or of any crick, and for very sudden swellings and for dead swellings without sensation , and salves and drinks and swathings and baths for all swellings of the body. Of all these leechdoms thirty less by two ( twenty-eight ). 1 Exactly, incapable of muscular 2 Be drawn up . action . Digitized by Google 8 LJECE BOC. fol 8 b. .xxxii. Laecebomaf piS Jmm yplan blaece hu man J?a fealpa *j ba]?u *j bpencap yip Son pypcean pcyle *j pi]? hpeopum lice piS abeabebum bee bae]> *j fealpa pi]? ]?on • bae}> *j pealpa *j bpencaf pi]? }>am miclan bee *j fpile eallep piptyne laecebomaf. :• .xxxili. Laecebomap *j bpencaf *j pealpa [on]le$na pi]? fppinje je abeabebum je unbeabebum • viit. epaep- taf. . . xxxiy. Laecebom jip naejl fy op hanba pi]? anj- naejle *j pi]? peapjbpaebam :• .XXXV. Laecebomap micle *j aefele be afpeaptebum *j abeabebUm lice hpanan fio abl cume bu hip 1 mon nlian pcyle jfp p lie to }?on fpi]?e abeabije p ]?aep jepelnep on ne fy • *j hu mon p beabe blob apej penian pcyle • *j jip him mon Itm opceoppan feyle oSSe pyp onpettan hu p mon bon scyle • bpipap bpenceap •j pealpa pi]? pedjie able. :• . xxxyi. Laecebomap piS ]?aepe able J?e mon haet cipcul abl bpip *j bpencaf «j pealpa ]?aet ip iyipe ppeonu 2 abl *j hep pej]? hpilcne mete oppe bpmean mon feyle on ptejie able popjan. .xxxvii. Laecebomap pi]? Son jip mon ne maeje hip miejean jehealban *j J?aepe jepealb naje *j jip he je- migan ne maeje jip he blobe mije • «j jtp ptp on ]?on tebpe fie • xmi. laecebomaf :• .xxxvin. Laececpaeptap *j boljpealpa *j bpencaf yip 'eallum punbum claenfunjfim on aelce pipan je piS ealbpe punbe tobpocenpe *j jip ban bpyce on heapobe fie • *j piS hunbep plite • boljfealp pi® lun jen able yip innan punbe pealp • *j pealp jip j?u paSe piUe lytle punbe lacnian *j jtp mon mib ipene jepunbob fie • oppe mib tpeope jeplejen • o]?]>e mib fcane *j ept fealpa £ip 1 lnr refers to he. 2 Bead ypeenu. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I 9 xxxii. Leechdoms against the evil blotch, how a man CoimwTg. shall work salves and baths and drinks against it, and for a leprous body and for a deadened body, a bath and salves for them. Baths and salves and drinks for the mickle body, elephantiasis, and swelling. In all fifteen leechdoms. xxxiii. Leechdoms and drinks and salves and ap- plications for pustules, either deadened or undeadened. Eight receipts. xxxiv. A ldbchdom if a nail be off a hand, and against angnails, and against warty eruptions. xxxv. Leechdoms mickle and excellent for a swarth- ened and a deadened body, and whence the disease cometh, and how a man shall treat it, if the body be deadened to that degree that there be not feeling in it; and how a man shall wean the dead blood away, and if it be desired to cut off a limb from the sick man or apply fire , 1 how it shall be performed. Brewits 2 and drinks and salves for the disease. xxxvi. Leechdoms for the disease which is called circle addle or shingles ; brewit and drinks and salves. This is a very troublesome disease, and here saith (our book) what meat or drink a man shall in this disease forego. xxxvii. Leechdoms in case a man may not retain his mie,* and have not command of it, and if he may not • Urine, mie, and if he mie blood ; and if a wife {woman) be tender in that respect. Fourteen leechdoms. xxxviii. Leechcrafts and wound salves and drinks for all wounds and all cleansings {discharges) in every wise, and for an old broken wound, and if there be bone breach on the head, and for a tear by a dog ; and a wound salve for disease of the lungs, and a salve for an inward wound ; and a salve if thou *wilt cure a little wound quickly, and if a man be Wounded with iron, or struck with wood, or with 1 The cautery. | * See viii. Digitized by Google 4 10 hJECE BOC. men fie lim op lime opSplejen pmjep o ppe pot oppe lianb • o88e jlp meaph 1 ute fie *j jip bolh pulije ealpa ppam ppuman peopep Jjpitij leeceboma. :• .xxxviii I. Leecebomaf piB eelcep cynnep omum *j fol. 4 a. onpeallum *j banco jnim • pi)? ut able jnebum omlim *j pi)? omena jebepfte • pi8 omum opep hatHm pi6 peonbtim omum p ip pic • bpencaf *j pealpa pij? eallum omum ealpa tpam laep Jjpitij. :• i .XL. Leecebomaf «j bpencaf y pealpa pij? poc able ealpa pyxe. :• . xli. Leecebomaf ppy ee)?ele yip innan onpealle *j omum. :• . xlii. Leecebomaf yip Beepe jeolpan able feanbee}? *j yip jeal able fio cymS op pvejte jeolpan able • fio bij? abla picufc abitepaB pe lichoma eall *j ajeolpaj? fpa 50b jeolo feoluc. :• , XLiii. Leecebomaf pi)? peetep bollan. :• .XLiin. Leecebomaf pi$ cancep able ps& t ip bite «j fmepeneppa *j pealp peopep epeeptap. :• . XLV. Leecebomaf *j bpencaf yip eelcum attpe prS neebpan pleje bite *j plite • yip J?on jlp mon attep jeJncje* J>eep haljan cpiftep jjejnep Iohannep jebeb *j jealbop *j eac o)?ep feyttife jecoft jealbo^ jehpeepep pij? eelcum attpe • yip pleojenbum attpe fpyle beopfim bolgum • jip hpa jebpince pypm on peetepe fol. 4 b. pi)? poii leecebomaf • *j jip mon po^bopen fie callep • xx. epeepta pi8 attpe. :• .xlvi. Leecebomaf jip ana pypm on men peaxe fealp bpenc clam pi)? J?on • V. leecebomaf J*ep fmt. :• 1 meah, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 11 Btone; and further salves if for a man a limb be Contents. ■truck off from a limb, finger or foot or hand, or if the marrow be out, and if a wound get fouL Of all from the beginning four and thirty leechdoms. xxxix. Leechdoms against erysipelas of every kind and fellons, and bone diseases, for erysipelatous affec- tions accompanied by external blains, and for the bursting of erysipelatous cysts, and for excessively hot erysipelatous attacks, and for running erysipelas, that is the disease called “fig.” Drinks and salves for all sorts of erysipelatous affections. Thirty less by two. xl. Leechdoms and dr inks and salves for pock disease. In all six. xli. Three excellent leeohdoms for inward tubercles and erysipelas. xlii. Leechdoms for the yellow disease* and a stone * Jaundice - bath, 1 and for the gall disease which cometh of the yellow disease. This is of diseases the most powerful, the body becometh quite bitter and turaeth yellow, as good yellow silk. xliii. Leechdoms for dropsy. xliv. Leechdoms for the disease cancer, that is, “ bite,” and smearings and a salve. Four receipts. xlv. Leechdoms and drinks against every poison, against stroke and bite and rend of snake; and in case a man swallow poison, and a prayer of the holy thane of Christ, Iohannes, and an incantation and also another Scottish approved incantation, in Gaelic or Erse, either of them against every poison, against flying poison and swelling and deep gashes. If any one drink a worm 9 in water, leechdoms against that ; and if a man be tied with a magic knot. In all twenty receipts against poison. xlvi. Leechdoms if King Ons worm wax on a man, a salve, a drink, and a plaster for that. There are five leechdoms of it. 1 A stone bath was a vapour bath, water being thrown on heated stones. 2 Reptile. Digitized by Google 12 LJECE BOC. . xlvil Laecebomaf *j bpencaf *j pealpa pip peopablum monijep cynnep pa berfcan pip peoppypme on pet • xii. ealpa pij> peop ablfim. :• .XLYin. Laecebomaf pi)? pam pypmum pe mnan ejlaS monntim • *j yip pypmum pe on cilba innope beop *j prS cilba inno5 pape ealpa cpaepta • xil. yip j?ain. :• . XLYilll. Laecebom on funbpon anlipij yip pam fmalan pypme. :• .L. Laecebomaf yip hanb pypmum *j heap pypmum *j jip pypm hanb ete • peaxpealp yip hanb pypme fyx cpaeptap ealpa- mi. pifan. :• .Li. Laecebomaf yip pypmum pe monnep plaepc etap. :• .Lii. Laecebomap tpejen yip lufGm. :• .Lin. Laecebomap tpeten pi)? fmoeja pypmum. :• . liiii. Laecebomap prS pypmaetum lice *j cpelbehtum. :• .lv. Laecebom pi)? aplejentim lice. :• .LYI. Laecebomaf yip aplapenfim 1 lice beep fealp. :* .lvii. Laecebomaf bpencaf pealpa pi)? pee. :• . lviii. Laecebomap to pen pealpe • *j to pen bylfim. :• fol. 5 a. .Lvim. Laecebomap prS papalifm p ip on enjlipc lypt abl *j yip neupipne )?py. : .lx. Laecebomap prS bpyne fealpa- Yin. ealpa. :• .lx i. Laecebomap yip lrS paepce piS li)?peape «j jip li)?feap fio s hopole titpypne ealpa epaepta peopep- tyne. :• .lxh. Laecebomaf pi)? pepepable to haelanne bpencap pi"S )>an • pi)? )?pibban baejef paepe *j peop)?an baejef paepe pi? aelcep baejef pepe *j pi)? lencten able p ip pepep * hu man feeal yip )?aepe able on hupl bipce pone haljan 1 The passage of the text has * For fiohe, subjunctive, atfesemun. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 13 xlvii. Leechdoms and drinks and salves for “ dry diseases * 1 of many a kind, the best ones for “ dry ” worm on the feet. Twelve in all against “dry” diseases. xlviii. Leechdoms for the worms which vex men inwardly, and against worms which be in the inwards of children, and childrens inwards sore. In all twelve receipts against them. xlix. A leechdom, single, separately, against the small worm. L Leechdoms again hand worms and dew worms, and if a worm eat the head ; a wax salve against the hand worm. Six receipts ; four sorts in alL li. Leechdoms against worms which eat mans flesh, lii. Two leechdoms against lice, liii Two leechdoms against penetrating worms, liv. Leechdoms for a worm eaten body and a mortified. lv. A leechdom for a stricken body, lvi. Leechdoms for a paralyzed body, and a bath salve. lvii. Leechdoms and drinks and salves against the disease catted “fig.” lviiL Leechdoms for a wen salve and for wen boils, lix. Leechdoms for paralysis, that is in English, lyft addle, and for “ neurisn.” 8 Three. lx. Leechdom for a bum; and salves. Eight in all. lxi Leechdoms for a pain in the joints, and for the lubricating secretion at the joints, called synovia, and if the synovia leak and the joint oil run out. Of all (these) receipts fourteen. lxii. Leechdoms for fever, to heal it ; drinks for that ; against a tertain fever, and a quartan fever, and a quotidian fever ; and against lent disease, that is (typhus) fever, and how against the disorder a man 1 A sort of dry rot : see the glos- 3 Possibly vtvp»p wdpta’ts ; a kind sary. Mapwrpds. of mpdXwris, Contents. Digitized by Google 14 LMCE BOC. *j Jwme mician jobep naman ppitan on po ne bjicnc mib halijpaetpe bpean hah; jebeb on upan fmjan «j cpebo *j patep noptep t x. laecebomap. .lxiii. Laecebomap pib peonb peocum men bpenc&f to pon *j hu mon fcyle maeppan ^ jebebu *j pealmaf opep pone bpeno pmjan *j 6p cipiobeflum bpincan • yip bpaecfeocum men • *j yip peben heopte «j pib )xm eal-. lum fex cpaeptap. . lxiiii. Laecebomap yip aelcpe leobpunan aelpfibenne ol. 5 b. p ip pepepcynnep jealbop *j bufc *j bpenoap pealp *j pp ffo abl netnum fie • «j pp fio abl pypbe mannan o<$be mape pibe *j pypbe feopon eallep cpaepta. :• . lxv. Laecebomap ept prS lencten able *j ]>apa peopep jobfpellepa namfin • jeppitu jebebu *j fyijenbe fceal mon fum jeppit ppitan • v. cpaeptaf. :• . lxvi. Laecebomap unjemynbe *j yip byfijlim. :• .lx vii. Laecebomap *j bpenoap prS jenumenum mete *j jtp eala pie apepb oppe meolcen mete J?py cpaeptas. :• . lxviii. Laecebomap yip pon pp hunta jebite man- nan p fpibpe oJ?pe ! naman janjelpeppa pex bujenbe cpaeptas. .lxviiii. Laecebomap pij> pebe hunbep plite *j prb hunbep bolje • vn. laecebomap. :• . lxx. Laecebomap jtp mon fie to ppaene oppe to unppaene. . lxxi. Laecebomap yip paege peofan fape pp bob fino popob pie. ;• .lxxi. Laecebomap on hpilce tib blob pie to popjanne foL 6 a. on hpilce to poplaetenne hu fie attpep pul fio l^pt on hlapmaBppe tib • «j be bpenofim utpop&n on j>am mon)>e *j pte pypta on j?am monbe finb to pypcanne. s* 1 Compare the chapter, and read f \y fpi^jie obeji. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. L 15 shall write upon the eucharistic paten the holy and Contents. the great name of God, and wash it with holy water in to the drink, and sing a holy prayer over it and the Credo and the Paternoster. Ten leechdoms. lxiii. Leechdoms for a fiendsick man (or demoniac ), drinks for that, and how a man shall sing masses and prayers and psalms over the drink, and drink out of church bells, and for a lunatic man, and for the wood heart or frenzy , and for them all ; six receipts. lxiv. Leechdoms against every pagan charm and for a man with elvish tricks ; that is to say, an enchant- ment for a sort of fever, and powder and drinks and salve, and if the disease be on neat cattle ; and if the disease harm a man, or if a mare ride him and hurt him. In all seven crafts. lxv. Leechdoms again for typhus, and the names of the four gospellers and writings and prayers; and in silence shall one write some writing. Five receipts, lxvi Leechdoms for the idiot and the silly, lxvii. Leechdoms and drinks for meat taken, and if ale be spoilt or milken food. Three receipts. lxviii. Leechdoms in case a hunting spider 1 bite a man, that is, the stronger sort , and if another by name gangweaver , 2 bite him. Six capital receipts. lxix. Leechdoms for a rent of a mad dog and for wound of hound. Seven leechdoms. lxx. Leechdoms if a man be too lustful or too un- lustful. lxxi. Leechdoms for sore of the dorsal muscles, and if the heel sinew be broken. lxxii. Leechdoms decla/ring at what time blood is to be foregone, and at what to be let; and how the air is full of venom at Lammas* time, and of drinks and evacuations on that month, and that worts on that month are to be worked. 1 Now Salticus scenicus. Aranea 2 Aranea viatica. venatoria is American. But here 3 August 1. the tarantula was meant. Digitized by Google 0 16 LiECE BOC. *>L6b. Romane *j eall fu8 pole pojihton him eopj? huf pi8 jraepe unlypte • *j hu mon pcyle bloblaefe on J?aepa pex ppa aelcon on Jraep monan elbo popjan on Jjpitijtim 1 mhta *j hponne betfc to laetanne • *j pp blob bolj ypelije • *j pp Jm pille on Ihibe blob poplaetan oppe 6n aebpe • o88e pp pa ne maeje blob bol j appipan • oppe pp pa ne maeje jeotenb febpe apprSan o88e pp mon on finpe beplea set bloblaetan. :• .LX xill. Laecebom pp men hpilc lim cme. :• . lxxiiil Laecebom pi8 peaptum *j peappum on lime. :• •LXXV. Laecebom yip pcuppebum naejle. . lxxyi. Laecebom pi8 jic)?am :• .Lxxvn. Laecebom pp )m pille f ypel fpyle *j aetepno paete ut bepffce. . LXXYiii. Laecebom pp men unluft fie jetenje. :• .Lxxvmi. Laecebom pp mon on lanjfim peje teopije. : . lxxx. Laecebom pi8 pon pe mon hine popbpince. :• , lxxxi. Laecebom p8 micllim cyle. :• .Lxxxn. Laecebom pp men fie paepmpt to micel paecae jetenje. :• . lxxxiii. Laecebom to manner ftemne. :• .Lxxxnn. Laecebom pi8 pon pp mon Jmnj ete. . lxxxv. Laecebom pi8 j?on pe mon punbije pi8 hif peonb to jepeohtanne. :• .XXXVI. Laecebom yip miclum janje opep lanb py laep he teopije. :• .lxxxvii. Laecebom pp mannep peax peaJle fealp yip J?on jtp man calu fie. .Lxxxvm. Laecebomaf yip hoppep hpeople pp hopf jeallebe fie • pp hopf fie opfcoten oppe o]?ep neat. 1 hpitisum was written ; now partly erased. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 17 The Romans and all the people of the south Contents. wrought for themselves houses of earth against the ill air ; and how a man shall forego bloodletting on each of the six fives 1 of the moons age in the thirty nights, and when best to let bloody and if the incision for bloodletting take an ill turn, and if thou will let blood on an incision or on a vein, or if thou may not staunch the bleeding incision, or if thou may not bind up the flowing vein, or if one, in bloodletting, cut down on a sinew. lxxiii. A leechdom if any limb of a man be chapped, lxxiv. A leechdom against warts and callosities on a limb. lxxv. A leechdom for a scurfy nail, lxxvi. A leechdom for itch. lxxvii. A leechdom if thou will that an ill swelling and the venomous humour should burst out. lxxviii. A leechdom if loss of appetite befall a man. lxxix. A leechdom if a man tire on a long journey, lxxx. A leechdom in case a man overdrink himself lxxxi. A leechdom against much cold, lxxxii. A leechdom if suddenly too much watching befall a man. lxxxiii. A leechdom for a mans voice, lxxxiv. A leechdom in case a man eat something poisonous. lxxxv. A leechdom in case a man try to fight with liis enemy. lxxxvi. A leechdom for much travel over land lest he tire. lxxxv ii. A leechdom if a mans hair fall off, a salve for that, and if a man be bald. lxxxviii, Leechdom for swelled legs in a horse, and if a horse be galled, and if a horse or other neat cattle be elf shot. 1 Though a sidereal revolution of I the moon often attains the thirtieth the moon be but 27*321 days, yet | day of her age. VOL. II. B 'ii Digitized by Google 18 LJSCE BOC. Alex. Tnll. On )nppum sepefcan lsececpseptum jeppitene fint lnece- lib,i * bomaf pi*® eallum heapbep untpymnepptim. OOuppa hatte pypt jejmb on moptepe pve peninj jepeje • bo fceap pulne pinep to pofe fmype J>onne p fol. 7 a. heapob mib bpince on mht neptij. prB heapob psepce C£ Galen. jetffrn puban pepmob jecnupa *j men; yip eceb *j ele edm 7 P 500 ’ a ^ eo ^ 1 fuph cl 8 -® fmipe mib p heapob* o88e clam 6p Kt )>on llcan ept jejmb puban on pm pele bpmcan *j jemenj eceb pi]? puban y ele bpype 6n p heapob y fmipe mib. .1. ( read .ii.) Alex. Trail, lib. ii. fol. 10 a. Cf. Marcell. 268 h. fol. 10 b. Laecebomaf pi]? eajna mifte jertfm cele]?enian peap oppe blofuman jemenj pi8 bopena hunij jebo on aepen past piece lifctim 6n peapmum jlebum opp hit jefoben fie • J?ip bi8 job laecebom pi]? eajna bimneppe. J7iJ? pon llcan ept pilbpe puban jebeappe *j jetpipulabpe feap • jemenj pi8 afeopnef hunijef em micel fmype mib J?a eajan. pi]? eajna mifte momje men J?y laep hiopa eajan J?a able ]?popian lociaB on cealb paetep • ]?onne majon pyp jefeon ne pypt p ]?a peon • ac micel pin jebpinc o]>pe jefpette bpmcan mettap • •j ]>a fpi]?opt ]?a Be on 8aepe upepan pambe jepumaB ne majon meltan • ac ]>aep ypele paetan pypceaB }?icce. Pop *j capel y eal ]?a pe fyn fpa apep fmb to pleojanne *j p )?e mon on bebbe baejep Gppeapb ne licje «j cyle *j pinb -j pec bupt . ]?ap ]?inj ^ ]?ifum jebc mice baeje fce]?]?a 8 ])Sm eajtim. l J)ip eajna mifte jenim jpenne pmul jebo on pretep .XXX. mhta on aenne cpoccan ]?one )?e fie jepicob utan jepylle ]?onne mib pen paetepe • aeptep })on Speoppe 6p ]?one pinul mib )?y paetepe aelce baeje J?peab )?a eajan ontyne. 2 6pt op homena ae]?me *j ftieme op plaBtan cymB 1 Cf. Galen, vol. xiy. p. 499, ed. 2 Plinius Valeri anus, fbL 20 b. for 1 827. fourteen lines. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 27 and sore head; bruised rue 1 2 * with salt and honey; Booki. smear the forehead with it, the most approved leech- Ch * L dom is this for him whose head hath burning and painful throes. For the same again ; rub rue in wine, give it to drink to the sufferer , and mingle vinegar with rue and oil ; drip it on the head and smear therewith. ii. 1. Leechdoms for mistiness of the eyes ; take juice or blossoms of celandine, mingle with honey of dumble- dores, a introduce it into a brazen vessel, half warm it a Melle Attico, neatly on warm gledes, till it be sodden. This is a u good leechdom for dimness of eyes. For the same, mingle the juice of wild rue, 8 dewy and bruised, mingle with equally much of filtered honey, smear the eyes with that . For mistiness of eyes many men, lest their eyes should suffer the disease, look into cold water and then are able to see far ; that harmeth not the vision, but much wine drinking and other sweetened drinks and meats, and those especially which remain in the upper region of the wamb and cannot digest, but there form evil humours and thick ones ; leek and colewort and all that are so austere are to be avoided, and care must be had that a man lie not in bed in day time supine ; and cold and wind and reek and dust, these things and the like to these every day are injurious to the eyes. For mistiness of eyes, take green fennel, put it into water for thirty days in a crock (or earthen vessel ), one that is pitched on the outside, fill it then with rain water ; after that throw off the fennel and with the water every day wash the eyes and open them. Again, from the vapour and 1 The verbs are often suppressed. 2 Wild rue is a Hellenism, rfiya- vov Hypioy, Dioskor. iii. 59, app6fa ■xpbs afj.fi Avcnclas, or ruta silvestris; Plinius, xx. 51. These are pega- num harmala. Digitized by Google 28 LiECE BOC. fol. 11 a. • Med.de Quad, iv. 7. b Marcel] us, 272, e. eajna milt fio pceappnep fojopa p bep pip pon if pif to bonne. pi8 eajna mifte jenim cileponian feapef cuclep pulne opepne pmolef • ppibban appotanan feapef • •j hunijef teapef tu cuclep mael raenj to jsebepe • «j ponne mib pepepe jebo In pa eajan on mopjenne ponne mibbsej fie • *j ept on aepen aeptep pon ponne p abpujob pie *j tojoten pop psepe pealpe fceappnepf e • jenim pipef meoluc psep pe cilb hsebbe bo on pa eajan. :• Gpt aepele cpsept jenfm balpami hunijef teapef em micel jemenj tojsebepe *j fmipe mib py. Gpt pi6 pon llcan celeponian peap «j fepcetep fmipe mib pa eajan *j be8e. b*p ponne peleft p pu mme psepe celeponian feap *j mucjpypte *j jiuban ealpa em p ela bo hunij to «j balbfamum Jip pu hsebbe • jebo on p paet pe pu hit maeje on mib jepoje jefeopan *j nytta pel paet bet. *pip eajna mifte jebaepneb pealt jejniben pip bopena hunij jemenjeb fmipe mib. :• 2 Gpt pinolep *j pofan «j jiuban peap bopan hunij *j ticcenep jeaUan tojaebepe jemenjeb fmipe mib pa eajan. 3 Gpt jpene cellenbpe jejniben pip pipef meoluc jemenjeb aleje opep pa eajan. :• a4 6pt liapan jeallan jemme *j lmipe mib. b Gpt cpicc fi pine pinclan jebaejmbe to ah pan *j pa ahpan jemenje pi8 bopena hunij. : 1 Plin. Yal. fol. 20 b. 5 For veras our author read 2 Plin. Yal. fol 21b. ; vivas. Or Plinius Yalerianus, fol. 3 Plin. Valerianus, fol. 19 b. > 21 b, where we read “Cochleae 4 Also Plinius Valerianus, fol. i viv®.” 20 b., 21b. I Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 29 steam of ill juices and from nausea cometh mist of Boo*. 1 - eyes, and the sharpness and corrupt humour causes that, against which this is to be done. For mist of eyes, take of celandines juice a spoon full, another of fennels, a third of southernwoods juice, and two spoon measures of the tear of honey (virgin honey that drops without presmre), mingle them together, and then with a feather put some into the eyes in the morning and when it be midday, and again at evening after that, when it is dried up and spent; for sharpness of the salve, take milk of a woman who hath a child, apply it to the eyes. 2. Again, a noble craft. Take equal quantities of balsam and of virgin honey, mix together and smear with that. 3. Again for the same, juice of celandine and seaCflNicol. water ; smear and bathe the eyes therewith. It is then 152> most advisable that thou take juice of the celandine from an older and of mugwort 1 and of rue, of all equal quantities, add author ’P erha P 8 honey to it, and balsam, if thou have it, put it then into such a vessel that thou may seethe it with glue 2 and make use of it. It does much good. 4. For mist of eyes, salt burnt and rubbed fine and mixed with dumbledores honey ; 3 * smear therewith. 5. Again, juice of fennel and of rose and of rue, and dumbledores honey, 8 and kids gall, mixed together; smear the eyes with this . Again, lay upon the eyes green coriander rubbed fine and mixed with womans milk. 6. Again, let him take a hares gall and smear with it. 7. Again, live peni winkles burnt to ashes ; and let him mix the ashes with dumbledores 8 honey. 1 Artemisia vulgaris . * Or some cement ; the original author perhaps meant a covered vessel sealed up with cement. * Doubtless from “ melle Attico,” read as melle attaci ; the dumble- dore is apis bombinatrix. Digitized by Google 30 LJ5CE BOC. a Plinius, xxxii. 24. Marcellas, 272, g. b Marcellus, 272, b. fol. 11 b. a 6pu pyplap ealpa ea pfca on funnan jemylte «j pi8 hunij jetnenjbe fmipe mib. :• Pi8 eajna mifue ejrc beuomcan peap jebeatenpe mib hipe pypttpumSn *j appunjenpe *j jeappan peap *j cele- J?onian em micel ealjia menj tojmbepe bo on eaje. b 6pt pmolef pypttpuman jecnuabne jemenj pi8 hu- mjep peap 1 feo8 J?onne mu leohtum pype lifuelice op hunijep Jncneppe • jebo }?onne on mpene fimpullan *j }?onne J?eapp pie fmipe mib Jnp tobpip]? J?a eahmifuap }?eah J?e hie Jncce fynb. :• pi}? eajna mifue ept cele)?onian peap o]?]?e }?apa bloft- mena jeppmj *j jemenj pi8 bopena hunij jebo 6n sepen pmt piece }?onne lifuum on peapmum jlebum o}?]?e on ahpan o}? p hie jebon pie • p bi8 anfpilbe lyb pi}? eajena bimneppe. Sume psep peapep anlipijef nyttaaB «j }?a eajan mib }?y fmipiaB. pi}? eajena mifue epc eopSipieS feap *j pinolep peap jebo bejea em pela on ampullan bpije )?onne on hatpe funnan *j }?a eajan mnepeapb mib }?y c Marcellos, fmipe. c pi)? eajena mifue epu eopBjeallan 2 peap p ip a * hypbepypu fmipe on pa eajan fio pyn bij? }?y pceapppe • d Marcellus, jip }?u liunij to befu p beali ♦ jemm d }?onne }?aepe llcan 272, c. pypte jobne jelm jebo on ceac pulne pmef «j jepeoJ? opnete eep }?py bajaf * *j }?onne hio jepoben fie appmj pa pypu op *j }?sep popep jefpeutep mib hunije jebpinc mice bseje neahu neptij bollan pulne. :• r Cf. Celsus, e Galbep mannep eajan beo}? unfceappfyno }?onne poeal VI. vi. 34 and jj e ea g an p eccan mi b jnibinjum mib jonjum • mib pabum o J?}?e mib py pe hme mon bepe oppe on psene pepije • hy pculan nyttian lytlfim *j pophtlictim metum *j hiopa heapob cemban *j pepmob bpmcan eep }?on pe 1 “ Tantundem mellia optimi de- 2 Cf. Alex, Trail, p. 46, line 31, spumati ” is turned “ juice of ed. 1548. honey.” Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 31 8. ‘Again, the fatty parts of all river fishes melted Booki. in the sun and mingled with honey ; smear with that. lh 9. For mist of eyes again, juice of betony beaten with its roots and wrung, and juice of yarrow 1 * and of celandine, equally much of all, mingle together, apply to the eye. Again, mingle pounded root of fennel with the purest honey, then seethe at a light fire cleverly to the thickness of honey. Then put it into a brazen ampulla, and when need be, smear with it, this driveth away the eye mists, though they be thick. 10. For mist of eyes again, wring out juice of celan- dine or of the blossoms of it, and mingle with dumbledores honey, put it into a brazen vessel, then make it lukewarm cleverly on warm gledes, or on ashes, till it be done. That is a unique medicine for dimness of eyes. 11. Some avail themselves of the juice singly, and anoint the eyes with that. For mist of eyes again; juice of ground ivy and juice of fennel; set equal quantities of both in an ampulla, then dry in the hot sun, and smear the inward part of the eyes with that. For mist of eyes again, Bmear earthgalls f juice, that is herdwort,* on the eyes, the vision will be by it sharper. If thou addest honey thereto, that is of good effect. Further take a good bundle of the same wort, introduce it into a jug full of wine, and seethe three days in a close vessel; and when it is sodden, wring Out the wort, and drink of the ooze sweetened with honey every day, after a nights fasting, a bowl full. 12. The eyes of an old man are not sharp of sight ; than shall he wake up his eyes with rubbings, with walkings, with ridings, either so that a man bear him 3 or convey him in a wain. And they shall use little and careful meats, and comb their heads and 1 Achillea millefolium . 3 In a litter. Erytkraa centaur eum. Digitized by Google 4 32 LiECE BOC. fol. 12 a. ° Rather fealcej*. b Gr. apycfia ; Lat. Albugo. c a clan, MS. * Slab, MS. not flan. * Read obbe bone, fol. 12 b. X6jJ*MTlS, Lippitudo. hie mere picjean. pCp mon pceal unpceappfyntim fealpe pypcean ro eajum • jemm pipop *j jebear *j fpejlep aeppel *j lipon pealr a *j jtfn p bip job pealp. :• Pip miclum eajece manij man haepp micelne ece on hif eajum. pypc him ponne jpunbe fpeljean *j bipceop pypr pmol pyl pa pypra ealle on paerpe • meoluc biS pelpe laer p peocan on pa eajan. 6pr celeponian pububmbelf 1 leap jeacep fupe prS pm jemenje. 6pr ro miclum eajece cpopleac niopopeapb *j pir- maepep pypr niopopeapb cnua on pine laer franban rpa nihr. pi6 plie b eajpealp jenim bpomef ahfan c bollan pulne harep pinef jeor ppipa lyrlum on hare pa ahfan *j bo ponne on aepen paer o88e cypepen bo humjef lipon ro menj rojaebepe bo on paep unrpuman man- nef eajan • *j appeah epr pa eajan on claentim pylle. Pip pile hapan jeallan bo peapinne on ymb rpa nihr plihS op pam eajum. pip pile jeriim onpaepe plah (l p reap *j ppmj puph cla8 on p eaje pona jae8 on ppim bajum op jip fio plah bip jpene. pip plie eceb jebaepneb fealt *j bepen mela jemenj rojaebepe bo on p eaje hapa lanje hpile pme hanb on. :• Pip plie eahpealp celepoman faeb jemm on pam 0 pypttpuman jmb on ealb pin *j on humj bo pipop to laer franban neahtepne be pype nyrra ponne pu plapan pille. pip phe oxan plyppan mpepeapbe alop pmbe pylle on burepan. Pip pon ‘Se eajan typen puban feap *j jate jeallan *j 1 Read -binbef. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 33 drink wormwood before they take food. Then shall a salve be wrought for unsharpsighted eyes ; take pepper and beat it, and beetle nut 1 and a somewhat of salt, and wine ; that will be a good salve. 13. For much eye ache. Many a man hath mickle ache in his eyes. Work him then groundsel and bishop wort 8 and fennel, boil all the worts in water, milk is better, make that throw up a reek on the eyes. Again, let him mingle with wine celandine and woodbines leaves and the herb cuckoosour. 8 14. Again, for much eye ache, pound in wine the nether part of cropleek 4 and the nether part of Wihtmars wort, 6 let it stand two days. For pearl, an eye salve ; take ashes of broom and a bowl full of hot wine, pour this by a little at a time thrice on the hot ashes, and put that then into a brass or a copper vessel, add somewhat of honey and mix together, apply to the infirm mans eyes, and again wash the eyes in a clean wyll spring . For pearl on the eye, apply the gall of a hare, warm, for about two days, it flieth from the eyes. Against white spot, take an unripe sloe, and •wring the juice of it through a doth on the eye, soon, in three days the spot -will disappear, if the sloe be green. Against white spot, mingle together vinegar and burnt salt* and barley meal, apply it to the eye, hold thine hand a long while on it. 15. For pearl, an eye salve ; take seed of celandine or the root of it, rub it into old wine and into honey, add pepper, let it stand for a night by the fire, use it when thou wilt sleep. Against white spot, boil in butter the nether part of ox-slip a and alder 7 rind, 16. In case the eyes be tearful, juice of rue, and 1 The evidence, such as it is, for this rendering will be given in the glossary. 2 Herb&r. L Betonica officinalis . 3 Oxalis AcetoseUa. VOL. II. 4 Allium sativum , probably. 5 Cochlearia anglica , perhaps. 6 Primula veris elatior. 7 Alnus glutinosa. C Book L Ch. ii. • A substitute for “ sal am- monia cum.” Digitized by Google 34 LJSCE BOO. hopan humj ealjta em pela. jtp eajan 1 typen heopotep hopnep ahpan bo on jefpet pin. Pfpc eajpealpe yip psenne jemm cpopleac «j japleac bejea em pela jecnupa pel tofomne jeiiim pin *j peappef jeallan bejea em pela jemenj pip py leace bo ponne on appaet lset ftan- ban mjon mht on pam appate appinj puph clap *j jehlyttpe pel bo on ho)m • «j ymb mht bo mib pepepe on p eaje fe betfca laecebom. Pip penne* on eajon jeriirn pa holan cepfan jebpseb bo on p eaje fpa he hatoft maeje. Pip eajece jepypce him jpunbfpeljean *j bifceop pypt *j beopypt *j pmul pyl pa pypta ealle on paetepe meoluc bip betepe. fol. 13 a. Pip eajna ece. jenun pa peaban hopan apyl on fupum fpatum oppe on fuptim ealaS *j bepe pa eajan on pam bape betepe fpa optop. n eajece jemm pipopmban tpijn jecnupa apylle on butepan 8 bo on pa eajan. Pypc eajpealpe jeirim hnutcypnla *j hpaete copn jmb tojaebepe bo pm to afeoh puph cla8 bo ponne on pa eajan. pip eajna paepce *j ece hpitep hlapep cpuman *j pipop *j eceb menj pel leje on cla8 bmb on pa eajan nihtepne. pup mon pceal eajpealpe pypcean • jeriim ftpeapbepian pifan mopopeapbe -j pipop jecnupa pel bo on clap bebmb paefte leje on jefpet pin laet jebpeopan on pa eajan aenne bpopan. Pypc eajfealpe pububinbep leap pubumepce ftpeapbepian pifan fupepne pepmob oxna lyb celepoman jecnupa pa pypte fpi8e menj pip 1 Galen, vol xii. p. 335, ed. 1826. * Tfoor. Sextus, cap. i 1, Lat * The MS. has bitepan. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 35 goats gall and dumbledores honey, of all equal quan- Book l. titiea If eyes be tearful, add to sweetened wine ashes ' 1 of harts horn. Work an eye salve for a wen, take cropleek and garlic, 1 of both equal quantities, pound them well together, take wine and bullocks gall, of both equal quantities, mix with the leek, put this then into a brazen vessel, let it stand nine days in the brass vessel, wring out through a cloth and clear it well, put it into a horn, and about night time apply it with a feather to the eye ; the best leechdom. 17. For a wen 2 on the eye, take hollow cress, 8 roast it, apply it to the eye, as hot as possible. 18. For eye ache, let him work for himself ground- sel and bishop wort 4 and bee wort 5 and fennel, boil all the worts in water; milk is better. 19. For ache of eyes, take the red hove, 6 boil it in sour beer or in sour ale, and bathe the eyes in the bath, the oftener the better. 20. For eye ache, take twigs of withewind, 7 pound them, boil them in butter, apply them to the eyes. 21. Work an eye salve thus ; take nut kernels and wheat grains, rub them together, add wine, strain through a cloth, then apply to the eyes. For acute pain and ache of eyes, mingle well crumbs of white bread and pepper and vinegar, lay this on a cloth, bind it on the eyes for a night. Thus shall a man work an eye salve, take the nether part of strawberry plants and pepper, pound them well, put them on a cloth, bind them fast, lay them in sweetened wine, make somebody drop one drop into the eyes. Work an eye salve thus ; leaves of woodbind, 8 woodmarche, 9 strawberry plants, southern wormwood, 10 green hellebore, 1 Allium oUraceum f 3 Wisps or sties are called vans in Devon. 3 Gentiana campestris. 4 In Herb. i. Betonica officinalis. * Acorus calamus . 6 Glechoma hederacea. 1 Convolvulus sepium. 8 Convolvulus . 9 Apium graveolens. 19 Artemisia abrotanon . C 2 * Digitized by Google 36 LjECE boc. pm ho on cypepen paet o)?fe on aepenum pate hapa laet franban peopon mhc offe ma appinje fa pypta fpiBe claene jebo pipop on *j jefpet fpife leohtlice mib fol. is b. hunije ho piffan on hopn *j mib pefepe bo on fa eajan aenne bpopan. J>ypc eajpealpe bpije • jenim fpejlef aeppel fpepl cpecipc attpum *j jebaepneb pealt *j pipopep maept jejpmb eall to bufte apipt fuph claB bo on naepc haebbe him on fy laep hit f me • bo mebmicel on fa eajan mib tof jape jepefce htm aeptep *j plape *j fonne afpeah hi]' eajan mib claene paetpe *j on f paetep locije. JTypc eajpealpe cymen *j fcpeapbepjean pife jecnupa fpiBe pel *j op jeot mib jefpette pine bo In cypepen paet o88e on aepen laet fcanban pela mhta on appinj fa pypte fuph claB *j ahluttpa fpife pel bo fonne on fa eajan fonne fu pille pefran • jip fio Imminutiones. pealp fie to heap 1 jefpet rai8 hunije. JhB aepmaelum jetfftn attpum jemenj piB fpatl fa 9 eajan utepeapb nalaep mnan. JhB aepmaelum mfepeapb 8 aepcfpotu jecopen on mufe *j appinjen fuph cla8 on eaje jebon punboplice haelf. Pif fon fe mon fupeje fie jemm ajpimonian pelle fpife of fpibban bael fpeah jelome fa eajan mib fy, Pustula. pif pocce on eajum • jeriim pab *j pibban *j hleomocan foL 14 a. pyl on meolce on butepan ip betepe pypc befinje • pyl hleomoc *j jeappan *j pubu ceappillan on meolcum. 1 Heap MS. If any word closely * fmipe must be supplied, answering to Germ. Herbe, Lat. * mfepeapb, MS. Acerbus, occurs in Saxon, it has not met my eyes; the context is our guide here. See Gl. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 37 celandine, pound the worts much, mingle with wine, Book L put into a copper vessel or keep in a brazen vat, let it stand seven days or more, wring the worts very clean, add pepper, and sweeten very lightly with honey, put subsequently into a horn, and with a feather put one drop into the eyes. Work a dry eye salve thus; take beetle nut(?) and sulfur, Greek olusatrum 1 and burnt salt, and of pepper most, grind all to dust, sift through a cloth, put it on a fawns skin, let him keep it about himself, lest it get moist. Introduce a small quantity into the eyes with a tooth pick; afterwards let him rest himself and sleep, and then wash his eyes with clean water, and let him look in the water, that is, keep his eyes open under water. Work eye salve thus; pound thoroughly cummin and a straw- berry plant, and souse with sweetened wine, put into a copper vessel or into a brazen one, let it stand many nights, wring the wort through a cloth and clear the liquid thoroughly, then apply to the eyes when thou may wish to rest ; if the salve be too biting, sweeten it with honey. For imminution of the eyes, take olusatrum, mingle with spittle, anoi/nt the eyes outwardly not inwardly. 22. For imminutions, the nether part of the herb Contraction ashthroat 2 chewed in the mouth and wrung through a ° f ^ pnpiL cloth, cmd applied to the eye, wonderfully healeth. In case a man be blear eyed, take agrimony, boil it thoroughly down to the third part, wash the eyes frequently with that. For a pock or pustule in the eyes, take woad 3 and ribwort 4 and brooklime , 5 boil in milk, in butter is better, and work a fomentation. Boil brooklime 5 and yarrow 6 and wood chervil 7 in milk. 1 Smyrnium olusatrum. 2 In Herb. iy. Verbena officinalis , but in the gll. Ferula . 3 Isatis tine tor ia. 4 Plantago lanceolate. 4 Veronica beccabunga. 6 Achillea millefolium. 7 Anthriscus sUvestris . Digitized by Google 38 U&CS BOC. IvKwris, Ficus. * TItIXcktis. fol. 14 b. Alex. Trail., lib. iii. Jfip pypmum on eajum jernm beolonan fob pceab 6n jleba • bo tpa bleba pulle psetepef to fete on tpa healpe fite J^aep. opep bpseb ponne p heapob hibep ^ jeonb opep p pyp *j pa bleba eac ponne pceabap pa pypmaf on peet psetep. J7i)> peopable on eajtim pe m6n jepijo hset on laoben hatte cimosip • heenne aejep jeolocan *j mepcep pseb *j attpum *j tunraintan. 6pt pi^S jepjon feeapef hohfcancan unfobenne tobpec jebo paet meaph on pa, eajan. pip piccum bpaeptim a jenfm ppeo hanb pulla muepypte ppeo pealtep • ppeo papan g pylle ponne op p fie tpaebe bepylleb paep pofep healb ponne on cypepenum pate, pam men 8 pe habbaS piece bpaepaf jeriim cypepen pset bo paepon lybcopn *j pealt jemenj • jemm celeponian *j bifeeoppypt *j jeacep pupan au- toplapan *j fppmjpypt *j enjlifce mopan • *j hpon paebicef •j hpepep pot apaepc ponne ealle jeot ponne pin on • laet ftanban apeoh ept on p cypepene paet • laet ponne ftanban piptyne mht *j pa bepfuan beop jobe • hapa pe claene pletan bo on p paet pe pa bepftan on pyn fpa pela fpa papa plietna paep on clipian maeje • fepep ponne op pam psete p bip fpibe 50b pealp pam men pe haepb piece bpsepaf. . I1L Lracebomap piS eallum eapena fape *j ece *j piS eap- ena abeapunje • *j jtp pypmaf on eapan fynb oppe 1 See the glossary on j- 135 ; it is 2 Read japan. ovKrj, ovkqhtis, not xfyuwru ; this is _ a misinterpretation of an Hellenic * ^ ,a,n » J>i m. word. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 39 23. For worms 1 * * in eyes, take seed of henbane,* shed Book I. it on gledes, add two saucers full of water, set them on two sides of the man, and let him sit there over them, jerk the head hither and thither over the fire and the saucers also, then the worms shed themselves into the water. For “ dry” disease in the eyes, which is called the disease fig, and in Latin is called a No - the yolk of a hens egg and seed of marche* and olusatrum and garden mint. 4 * Again for the disease fig, break to pieces a hock shank unsodden of a sheep, apply the marrow to the eyes. For thick eyelids, take three handfuls of mugwort, 6 three of salt, three of soap, boil them till two parts out of three of the ooze be boiled away, then preserve in a copper vessel. For him who hath thick eyelids, take a copper vessel, put therein cathartic seeds and salt there among, take celandine and bishopwort and cuckoosour and attorlothe 6 and springwort 7 and English carrot, and a somewhat of radish, and ravens foot, 8 then wash them all, then pour wine on; let it stand, strain again into the copper vessel; then let it stand fifteen nights and the dregs will be good. Have with thee clean curds and introduce into the vessel on which the dregs are, as much of the curd as may cleave thereon. Then scrape the scrapmgs off the vessel, that will be a very good salve for the man who hath thick eyelids. iii 1. Leechdoms for all sore of ears and ache, and for deafness of ears, and if insects are in the ears or an 1 Worms are all creeping things, here insects, acari : Celsus has a chapter “ de pediculis palpebrarum,” Lib. VX vi 15, — “ sive etiam vermi- < ( culos ( oculi ) habeant aut brigan- “ tea qui cilia arare et exulcerare “ solent.” Marcellas, 275, c. Cf. ibid. f. The disease in Hellenic was J>on llcan jenim ciepan jefeo}? on ele bpype on p eape j?one ele. pip eappaepce pi8 beape hunbep tunje *j p enminte *j cellenbpe jecnupa on pin oppe on eala afeoh bo on eape. Jh)> pon llcan jemm haenne pypele jemylte *j J?onne jebo placo on eape jebpype on. pip J?on llcan jenim ele • jenim eac jope pypele jeot on J?onne jepit p pap apej. Pip J?on llcan jemm beolonan peap jeplece *j J?onne on eape jebpyp • pmne p pap jefol8. Pip p>n llcan jemm japleac *j cipan «j jope pypele jemylte tojaebepe ppinj on eape. :• Pi8 J?on llcan jeriim aemetan aejpu jetpipula ppinj on eape. Jh8 eapena pape jemm jate jeallan bpype on p eape • men; pi8 cu meollic jip pn pille. pi8 eapena beape • jeriim hpyj^epef jeallan yip jseten hlanb jemenjeb jebpype jepleceb on p eape. :• Pip pon llcan jip eapan pillen abeapian oppe ypel hlyfu lie • jemm eopopep jeallan peappep jeallan • buccan jeallan jemenj pip hunij ealpa em pela bpype on p eape. :• Pip pon llcan jip 2 ypelne hlyft hsebbe lpieS peap paep pe be eop)?an plih8 p claenofue feap jemenj piS pin bpype on eape. :• 6pc pibban peap *j jeplecebne ele tojaebepe jemenjeb bpype on punboplice hsel8. pip pon llcan jenun pam- 1 Read j-elfe ? 8 Add hpa, or mon. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 41 earwig, and if the ears din, and ear salves. Fifteen receipts. 2. For sore and ache of ears, pound new wrought betony, the leaves themselves, in warm water, add a somewhat of rose oil, take that lukewarm with thick wool, drip it into the ear. Again for the same, take an onion, seethe it in oil, drip the oil on the ear. For ear wark and for deafness, pound the herb hounds tongue 1 and fenmint 2 and coriander in wine or in ale, strain it, apply to the ear. For the same, take hen grease, melt it, and then apply it lukewarm to the ear, drip it on it. For the same, take oil, take also goose grease, pour into the ear, then the sore departs. 3. For the same, take juice of henbane, make it lukewarm, and then drip it on the ear ; then the sore stilleth. 4. For the same, take garlic and onion and goose fat, melt them together, squeeze them on the ear. 5. For the same, take emmets eggs, crush them, squeeze them on the ear. For sore of ears, take goats gall, drip it on the ear ; mingle, if thou will, cows milk with it For deafness of ears, take neats gall mixed with goats stale, drip it, when made lukewarm, on the ear. 6. For the same, if the ears have a tendency to grow deaf, or if the hearing be ill, take boars gall, bulls gall, bucks gall, mix equal quantities of all with honey, drip this on the ear. 7. For the same, if one have ill hearing, mingle juice of ivy, that which runneth by the earth, the cleanest juice, with wine ; drip it into the ear. 8. Again, drip into the ear juice of ribwort and oil made lukewarm, mingled together, it wonderfully healeth. For the same, take rams gall, with urine of Book L Ch. iii. 1 Cynoglossum officinale. | 2 M. silvestris. Digitized by 42 LjECK BOC. Cf. Marcell. 284, g. Cf. Marcell. 28 5, a* Marcellos, 282, d. fol. 16 a. mep jeallan mib hip pelpef nihtneptijep mijoJ^an je- menje piB butepan jeot on cape. 6pt pij> J?on llcan hnutbeamep pinbe feap jepleceb bpype on eape. J7iJ> Bon llcan jemm celenbpan feap jpenpe menj pij> pipep meoluc humjep bpopan pmep jepleht tofamne. ViJ? eapena abeapunje eft: ellencpoppan jc- tpipulab p feap ppinj on p eape. 6pt pij? pon llcan jeitfm eop opep jeallan • peappef *j buccan men; pij? humj oppe 6n ele ppm; on eape. :• Gjft piB J?on llcan jemm jpenne sepcenne fcaep leje on pyp jenim J^onne p peap pe him op jae]? bo on ps, llcan pulle ppinj on eape *j mib J?sepe llcan pulle pop- ftoppa J>aet eape. :• yip P lice opt jemm mmetan hopf *j cpopleSc *j neojiopeapbe ellenpmbe oppe beolonan ele jecnupa to Somne pypme on fcille bo j?onne on eape J?apa peabena sometena hopf* jemm J>onne pmbic eceb cnupa to Somne pprnj on p eape. Jip pyjunaf on eapan fyn jeriim eopB jeallan jpenep feap • oppe hunan peap • oppe pepmobep peap fpilc )?apa an fpa Jm pille jeot p feap on p eape p tihB pone pypm fit. Py pc fealpe jecnupa finpullan *j leojjopypt 1 *j po^ jebo J>onne on jkep pmt mib ecebe *j Jmph claB appmj bpype on p eape. Jhp J>on jip eapan bymen • jerfim ele bo 6n mib eopocijpe pulle popbytte p eape mib J?®pe pulle )?onne Jm plapan pille *j bo ept op ponne Jm onpaecne. :• 1 Bead lea)x>ppype. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 43 the patient himself after a nights fasting, mix with butter and pour into the ear. Again for the same, drip into the ear juice of the rind of a nut tree made lukewarm. 9. For the same, mix with womans milk juice of green coriander, and a drop of honey and of wine, warmed together. For deafening of the ears again, try alder 1 * bunches triturated, wring out the juice into the ear. Again for the same, take boars gall and bullocks and bucks, mingle with honey or in oil, wring into the ear. 10. Again for the same, take a green ashen staff, lay it on the fire, then take the juice that issues from it, put it on the same wool, wring into the ear, and stop up the ear with the same wool. 11. For the same, take emmets horses 8 and croploek 3 and the lower part of alder rind or henbane and oil, pound them together, warm in a shell, then introduce into the ear the red emmets horses ; than take radish and vinegar, pound them together, and wring into the ear. If there be insects in ears, take juice of green earthgall, 4 * or juice of Aorehound, or juice of worm- wood, whatsoever of these thou mayest wish, pour the juice into the ear, that draweth the worm out. Work a salve thus; pound sinfull 6 * and latherwort 6 and leek, then place them in a glass vessel with vine- gar, and wring through a cloth, drip the moisture on the ear. In case that there is a dinning in the ears ; take oil, apply it with ewes wool, and close up the ear with the wool, when thou wilt sleep, and remove it again when thou awakest. 1 Sambucus nigra. * This talk of ** emmets horses ” is merely a misunderstanding of the iTrwofxipfirjKfs of Aristoteles. Hist. Anim. viii. 27. The translation by Plinius, “ formica} pennatse,” that is, male ants , is commonly ac- cepted as true, of course, but it is both philologically and physically unsatisfactory. * Allium sativum . 4 Erythraa centaur eum. 8 One of the sedum tribe, or all. 6 Saponaria officinalis . Book I. Ch. iii. Digitized by Google 44 LMCE BOC. Gpt pij? Jhmi llcan pepmob jefobenne on psetepe on niptim cytele bo op heopSe lset peccan j?one lteam on p eape *j popbytte mib Jraepe pypte fiJ?J?an hit injejan pie. pip eappicjan • jemm p micle jpeate prnbel ftpeap tpyecje p on popjnum pixfi ceop on p eape he bi8 op pona. .mi. Alex. Trail., lib. iv. fol. 16 b. Marcellos, 306, a. Marcellas, 306, b. Marcellas, 306, b. Marcellas, 306, a. foL 17 a. 1 Lsecebomap prS healfjunbe *j jrcep tacn hpsej?ep he hit fie • eac pi 8 jealhfpile *j ]?potan • *j papenbe • pij? fpeopco]?e • xn il cpseptaf. :• pip healpjunbe J?onne sepefc onjinne pe healpjunb pefan fmipe hine pona mib hpyj?epef oppe fprSoft mib oxan jeallan p ip acunnob ymb peapa mht bib hal. jip pu polbe pitan hy&peji p healp junb fie* jeriim anjeltpaeccean jehalne leje on pa, ftope paoy hit ajqiuten fie *j beppeoh psefte upan mib leaptim • jip hit healp- junb bib fe pfpm pyp8 to eopjian* jip hit ne bij> he bij? jehal. 6pt yip healp junbe jentm celenbep *j beana tojaebepe jefobene aleje on Sona topepej?. 6pt hece- bom pi|? j?on llcan jentm psetephaepepn jebsepnebne *j )>onne jejmben finale pij> hum j jemenjeb *j on jebon Sona bib pel. pip pon llcan ept jalbanum hatte fu]?epne )?ypt leje pa, on j?one fpeoppsepc* J?onne atihS hio mib ealle pa, ypelan psetan fit pone junb. pip pon llcan ept bepen melo *j hluttop ptc *j peax • •j ele menj tofomne feoj> bo cmhtef oppe cilbep mije- pan to to onlejene bo on J?one junb. Pi'S healp junbe 1 C£ Galen, vol. x. p. 881, ed. 1825. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 45 12. Again for the same, try wormwood sodden in Book L water in a new kettle, remove it from the hearth, let ^ 1V * the steam reek upon the ear, and when the appUcaiion 1 has gone in, close up the ear with the wort. Against earwigs, take the mickle great windlestraw 2 with two edges, which waxeth in highways, chew it into the ear, he, the i/nsect 9 will soon be off. iv. Leechdoms against a purulent humour in the neck, and tokens of it, whether it be such, and also for swellings in the jowl and throat and weasand, and against quinsy. Fourteen receipts. 2. Against a purulence a in the neck, when first the ‘Struma, Mar- neck ratten begins to exist, smear it soon with gall of cellufl * a beeve, or best of an ox ; it is a tried remedy ; in a few nights he will be whole. If thou wouldst know whether it be neck purulence, b take an earthworm b A strumous entire, lay it on the place where the annoyance is, and 8welllng * wrap up fast above with leaves ; if it be neck ratten the worm tumeth to earth, if it be not, he, the patient , will be whole. Again for neck ratten, take coriander and beans sodden together, and lay on, soon it removes the disease. Again, a leechdom for the same, take a water crab burnt and then rubbed small and mingled with honey and done on, or applied , soon he will be well. For the same again, a southern wort has been called galbanum, lay it on the neck pain, then it draweth altogether out the evil wet or humour and the ratten. 3. For the same again, mingle together bere or barley meal and clear pitch 0 and wax and oil, seethe c Resin. this, add a boys or a childs mie, make into an ex- ternal application on the matter. For ratten in the 1 It ; the application, because 2 Cynosvnu cristatus , some ; fceam is masculine. Agrostis spica venti, some. Digitized by Google 46 LJ5CE BOC. ept paepe jieaban netelan pypttpuman jepobenne on ecebe jebeatenne *j on peaxhlapep pip an on aleb • jtp p e gunb bip ponne onjinnenbe fio pealp lnne tobjupj> • jip he bij> ealb hio hine ontynS *j fpa afnliS p ypel tit op p he hal bi8. :• 6ft pip pon mamjpealb tacn lsecebom pi8 healp- junbe oppe jeajlfpile 1 o88e ppotan oppe pap enbe • Sio abl ip tpejea cynna. Opep if on pam geajle *j ponne mon pone mu]? ontynb bip gehpjepep jefpollen bij? pieab ymb pa hpsectunja • ne msej fe man epelice epian ac bip afmopob • ne msej efic naht popfpeljan ne pel fpjiecan ne fuemne naepp • ne bi8 peop abl hpaepepe to ppecne. Opep tp ponne on paepe ppotan bip fpyle *j lypfen fe ne msej naht gecpepan *j bi8 pe fpile je on pam fpeopan je on paepe tunjan • ne maej fe man pel epian • ne pone fpeopan on ceppan • ne hip heap ob pop8 6n hylban p he hif napolan gefeon maege • fol. 17 b. butan hip man papop tilige he bip ymb ppeo mht gepapen. gip fie paepe able bpyne Innan peep fcpang p mon ne maege utan gefeon fio bip 8y ppecenpe. gip ponne fie 8 on gehpaepepe healpe pa ceacan afpollen *j fio ppotu *j pu pa tacn gefeo ponne fona laet pu him blob on aebpe • gip pu p puphteon ne maege fceappa him pa pcancan p him beah. Sele him fceappne pyptbpenc pypne him metef aeptep pon bepmb pone fpeopan *j lege on lsecebomaf pa pe utteon pa yp elan paetan paet lap ponne bip paep pyppe pen. Pypc him pa fealfe gemm fpmep pyfle gefmype ane bpabe pannan Innepeapbe mib pam pyyele pyl ponne peopp gofe fceapn to on pa pannan *j geplece *j ponne hit fy gemylt bo ponne on lmenne cla8 lege on p pap *j befpepe bo p pel oft on on baeg • «j bip fpa betepe fpa 1 seaslfpibe, MS. | 2 Read lien. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 47 neck again, use a root of the red nettle sodden in vinegar and beaten, laid on in the manner of a cake of wax; if the matter be then beginning; the salve driveth it away ; if it be old it openeth it, and so the evil riseth out till he be hale. 4. Again for that, a manifold token and a leechdom for the neck ratten or jowl swelling or swelling of the throat or weasand. The disease is of two kinds ; the one is in the jowl, and when one openeth the mouth it is both swollen and is red about the uvula ; and the man can not easily breathe, but will be smothered ; he can not also swallow aught nor speak well, nor hath he voice ; this disorder, however, is not dangerous. Another sort is when there is a swelling in the throat and purulence, he, the patient, may not speak aught* and the swelling is both on the neck and on the tongue ; the man can not well breathe, nor turn his neck nor lean forward his head so that he may see his navel; and except one attend to him somewhat speedily, in about three days he will be deceased. If the burning of the disease within be strong, yet there are no external signs of it, it is so much the more dangerous. If then on either side the jaws be swollen and the throat, and thou see the tokens, then soon let thou him blood on a vein ; if thou may not carry that through, scarify for him his shanks, that doth him good. 5. Give him a sharp wort drink, warn him off meat, after that bandage the neck, and lay on leechdoms which may draw out the evil humour and the sore, there will be then hope of recovery. Work him the salve thus; take swines fat, smear the inside of a broad pan with the fat, boil up, then cast goose sham into the pan, and make lukewarm, and when it be melted then put it on a linen cloth, lay it on the sore, and swathe up, apply that pretty often in a day, and it will be the better the oftener thou renewest Digitized by Book I. Ch. iv. Google 48 TJECE BOC. jm optop ebmpafc pa, pealpe *j oftop onlejeft fio tibS p ypel ut. yip healpjunbe jeriim peax *j ele jemenj yip popan blofcman jemelt tojaebepe bo Jraep on. yip fpeop- fol. 18 a. co)>e pypc on lecjenbe pealpe • jenam peappep jelynbo *j bepan fmepu *j peax ealpa em pela pypc to fealpe “ Alex. Trail., fmipe mib. a 6pt yip pon llcan jfip jm pinbe hpitne PauL JEgin. hunbep j?oft abpije J?one *j jejnib *j afypt «j jehealb p m. 27. pij? J?aepe fpeopcofe *j ponne J?eapp pie menj pi]? hunij fmipe jxme fpeopan mib p bij? fcpanj pealp ^ job piB fpelcpe ablapunje *j bpunej?an ^ yip Jrapa ceacna je- fpelle oBBe afmopunje • fceal j?eah fe hunb ban jnajan aep • py hip fe jioft hpit *j micel jip p\i bine nuneft jabepafc set pylne 1 J?onne ne hip be to unfpete to jeftmcanne • jmnne pceal mon J?one jeajl eSc fpillan jelome on pseye able • *j fpoljettan eceb yip pealt je- menjeb. 6pt pipleapan feapep j?py bollan pulle lytle pceal popcuuolftan. yip fpeopcoBe ept japleac jejniben on eceb p pe fie yip psetep jemenjeb fpille pone jeajl mib py. ]hp fpeopco]?e ept pijep feopoj?a feoj) on jefpettum fol. isb. paetepe fpille J >a ceolan mib J>y jip pe fpeopa pap pie pyn eac ]?a fpiUmja bpilum hate J?onne ip eSc to jnppe able jepet p mon unbep paepe tunjan laete blob oppe op eapme *j on mopjen on fppenje • jip hit J?onne cmht fie laBt on pam fpeopan • *j on J?aepe able ip to pop- pypnanne pmep -j plaepcep fpijmpu py hey fio ceole fie afpollen. :• .V. ]hp pon jip mannep muB pap fie jeriim betonican jetpipula leje on J?a peolope. To muB pealpe *j to 1 Read yylle. In Lye pllen, omentum , is an error for jylmen. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 49 the salve and the oftener thou layest on. It will draw the evil out. 6. For matter in the neck, take wax and oil, mingle with rose blossoms and melt together, put this thereon. For swerecothe or quinsy , work an onlaying salve. Take suet of bull and grease of bear, and wax, even quantities of all, work to a salve, smear with it. Again for the same, if thou find a white thost a of hound, dry it and rub it, and sift it, and hold it against the swerecothe, and when need be mingle with honey, smear the neck with it, that is a strong salve and good for such upblowing or inflation and brunella, 1 and for swelling of the jaws, or smothering. The hound must gnaw a bone ere he droppeth the thost y then will the thost be white and mickle; if thou takest and gatherest it at the fall, then it is not too unsweet of smell; one shall further often also swill the jowl in this disease, and swallow vinegar mingled with salt. Again, he shall swallow down three bowls of the juice of cinquefoil, little ones. For swerecothe or quinsy again, use garlic rubbed in vinegar which be mingled with water, swill the jowl with that. For quinsy, again, seethe the siftings of rye on sweetened water, swill the gullet with it, if the swere be sore, let the swillings also be whilom hot. Besides it is also laid down for this disease, that blood be let under the tongue or from an arm, and on the morrow apply a clyster. Further if it be a boy, let (blood) on the neck ; and in this disease it is well to warn off (the sick) from wine, and specially from flesh meat , lest the gullet be swollen. v. In case that a mans mouth be sore, take betony and triturate it, lay it on the lips. For a mouth 1 A disease resembling diphtheria ; otherwise, Prana. VOL. II. D Book I. Ch. iv. * Album Gracum. Digitized by 50 LiSSCE BOC. * Herbar. Apol. i. 8. fol. 19 a. jeblejenabpe tunjan fipleape • *j bpembel leap pyl on paetepe hapa lanje on muBe jelome. jip monnep opaB fie pul jemm bepen mela job* «j claene hunij hpit peak jemenj eall tofomne jmb pa tep mib fpiBe *j jelome. .VI. Laecebomap pip toB paepce *j pi)? pypmtfm je pij? )?am upepan toBece je pi)? pam 1 ni]?epan. :• Pip top poepce * a betonican feoB on pine op J?pibban bael fpile )?onne jeonb )?one muB lanje bpile. : PiB to)? paepce jip pypm ete • jeriim ealb holen leap *j heopot epop neo)?epeapbne *j paluian upepeapbe bepyl tpy bael on paetpe jeot on bollan jeona ymb ponne peallaS pa p/pmap on pone bollan. Jip pypm ete pa teB jemm opep jeape holen pmbe *j eopop )?potan mopan pel on fpa hatum 2 hapa on mnpe fpa hat fpa pn hatoft maeje. pip toB pypmum jemm Sc mela beolonan paeb peax ealpa em pela menj tosomne pype to peax canbelle • *j baepn last peocan on )?one muB bo blaec hpaejl unbep ponne peallaj? pa pypmap on. piB top paepce jebaepn hpit pealt «j japleac bepec on jlebum jebpaeb *j bepenb pipop ftpaelpypt jejnib eal tofomne leje on. : Pip top paepce hpepnep pot pel on pme neopopeapbne oBBe on ecebe pup fpa Bu hatoft maeje. J?ip toBpaepce pij>a, MS. 2 hatum protpe ? Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 51 salve and for a blained tongue, boil in water fiveleaf, that is , cmquefoil, and bramble leaves, have it long in the mouth and frequently. If a mans breath be foul, take good barley meal and clean honey and white salt, 1 2 * mingle all together, and rub the teeth with it much and frequently. vi. 1. Leechdoms for sharp pain in the teeth and for worms, either for the upper tooth ache or for the nether. 2. For tooth wark, seethe betony in wine to the third part, then swill the mouth thoroughly for a long while. 3. For tooth wark, if a worm eat the tooth, take an old holly leaf and one of the lower umbels of hart- wort, 8 and the upward 'part of sage, boil two doles 8 in water, pour into a bowl and yawn over it, then the worms shall fall into the bowl. If a worm eat the teeth, take holly rind over a year old, and root of carline thistle, boil in so hot water ? hold in the mouth as hot as thou hottest may. For tooth worms, take acorn meal and henbane seed and wax, of all equally much, mingle these together, work into a wax candle, and bum it, let it reek into the mouth, put a black cloth under, then will the worms fall on it. 4. For tooth wark, bum white salt and garlic, make them smoke on gledes, roast and tear to pieces, and add pepper and clubmoss, rub all together and lay on. 5. For tooth wark, boil in wine or in vinegar the netherward part of ravens foot, 4 sup as thou hottest may. For tooth wark, bray together to dust rind 1 That is, the best, purest salt 2 Seseli ; perhaps, however, Hart- bramble, Rhamnus, may be meant 1 That is, two of worts to one of water. 1 Ranunculus ficaria. D 2 Digitized by Book I. Ch. v. Google 52 LACE BOC. foL 19 b. Marcellos, 296, h. Herbar. Apol. i. 13. fol 20 a. hnutbeamep pinbe *j ]?opn pinbe jecnua to bufce abpij on pannan fm8 utan J?a te]? pceab on jelome. :• Pypc )mp toj?pealpe opeppaepifc pmb hunij «j pipoji menj tosomne lege on • pyjic eac pealpe op penpypte on j?a llcan pipan. Jhp J>£m upepan toJ?ece jeriim pifopinban leap appinj on )>a nofu. pi)? J?am m]?epan toJ>ece plit mib J?e poJx>pne oj) J?aet hie bleben. 6pt jenim elmep pinbe jebaepn to ahfan jemenj J?a ahpan pij? paetep *j afeoh hapa )>aet paetep lanje on muj?e. 6pt jentm jeappan ceop fpij?e. .YII. gip mon blobe hpsece jemm betonican fpilce fpa • ill. penejaf jepejen jejmb on jaete meolc pele ]>py bajaf J?py bollan pulle to bpincanne. :• .vrn. J?i]7 blaece on ‘jplitan pyl to baej?e pencepfan *j neo- Jx>peapbne fecj • aepcpinbe eappan pyl on paetepe lanje be)?e mib. To pealpe pi)? blaece on jplitan • omppan neo)?opeapbe J?a )?e fpimme bo pealt to y plietan aej. bpip pip blaece 6n jplitan jemelte ealb fpic bpip on )>on • bo jejpunbenne pipop on • *j cpopleac hpaetenep melpep tpy bael fpilce j?aep pipopep apyl hpaet hpeja • jenim )>aep )?peo fnaeba jepeft aeptep peapme. pi8 blaece 5 einm heopotep hopn jebaepn to ahpan fpepl je- baepneb pealt *j ptc to ahfan fpa oftep pcella *j je- cnupa omppan finale *j jemenj eall to bpipe *j fmipe Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 53 of nut tree and thorn rind, dry then in a pan, cut 1 the teeth on the outside, shed on frequently. 6. Work a tooth salve thus, mingle together oversea rind 2 and honey and pepper, lay on. Work also a salve of wenwort in the same wise. 7. For the upper tooth ache, take leaves of withe- wind, wring them on the nose. For the nether tooth ache, slit with the tenaculum, till they bleed. 8. Again, take elms rind, bum to ashes, mingle the ashes with water and strain, hold the water long in the mouth. Again, take yarrow, chew it much. vii. 1. If a man hreak up blood, take as much betony as three pennies weigh, rub in goats milk, give for three days three bowls full to drink. viii. 1. For a blotch on the face, boil for a bath fencress 3 and the netherward part of sedge, 4 * ash rind, tares, boil long in water, bathe therewith. 2. For a salve against a blotch in the face, use the netherward part of dock, which will swim, 6 add to it salt and curds and egg. A brewit for a blotch on the face, melt old lard, on that a brewit, add ground pep- per, and cropleek, 6 two doles of wheaten meal as well as of the pepper, boil a little, take of it three slices, after that go to bed and get warm. For a blotch, take harts horn, bum to ashes, and sulfur, and burnt salt and pitch burnt to ashes, and so oyster shells, and beat sorrel 7 small, and mingle all into a brewit, smear 1 By Sect. 7, it appears by ceb is meant the gums, tobpeoman. 3 Cinnamon. 3 Nasturtium officinale. * Carex. 4 This seems by Gerarde to be duckweed , Lemna. 9 Allium sativum. 1 JRumex Acetosa. Book L Ch. vi. Digitized by 54 LiECE BOC. Cf. Marcell. 290, c. fol. 20 b. Marcellos, 291, e. mib. Gpt pealp pel on aj?ybfim fceapep fmepupe haej- jx)pnep bloftman }?a fmalan finjpenan pubupopan menj }?onne hpitcpubu pi}? «j hpon butepan, .viiii. £ip men ypne blob op nebbe to fpiBe jeriim jpene betomcan *j puban jecnupa on eceb jeppinj tofomne fpilce pie an plah fmnj on }?a nofu. blob peten bifceop pypt nioJ?opeapbe ete oBBe on meolce bpince. Blob feten ept jeriim hejeclipan jebinbe on fpeopan. blob feten ept fppinj pypt bo on eape. Blob peten ept pejbpaeban bo on eape. :• blob peten ept jehal bepen eap beftnnje on eape fpa he nyte. Sume J>ip ppitaS 4- sejpyn • thon • ftputh • pola apjpenn • tapt • fuputh • on • tpia • enn • piath • hathu • moppana • on hael + apa • capn • leou • jpoth • peopn • • ppil • cponbi • p • |XI * mpo • cpon • aepcpio • epmio • aen* leNo • je hopfe je men blob feten. .x. JTiJ? jefnote *j jepofum • jeriim oxna lyb m}?epeapb jecnupa pel piB paetpe • jip hio fie jpene ne bo J?u j?ae p paetep to ppinj J?onne on f neb. :■ .XI. Pj}? papum peolopfim jefmipe mib humje )?a peolopap geriim )?onne aejeppelman bepceab mib pipope leje on. :• .XII. 1 pouum mu)?e jeriim omppan ealbne fpmef pyple pypc to pealpe fete on )?one pon 2 baeL pi}? ceolan 1 Kuvucbs (ntcurpSs . a pon, here is a contraction of pohan, pogan. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 55 therewith. Again, a salve, boil in pressed sheeps grease, hawthorns blossoms, and the small stonecrop and wood- roffe, then mingle mastio therewith and a little butter. ix. 1. If blood run from a mans nose too much, take green betony and rue, pound them in vinegar, twist them together like as it might be a sloe, poke it into the nose. A blood stopper; eat the netherward part of bishopwort or drink it in milk. To stop blood again, take hedge cleavers, bind it on the neck. 2. As a blood stancher again, put springwort* into the ear. 3. To stop blood again, put waybroad 2 into the ear. 4. To stop blood again, poke into the ear a whole ear of bere or ba/rley ; so he be unaware of it. Some write this: either for horse or man, a blood stancher. 5 . For snot and poses or catarrhs; take the nether- ward part of stinking hellebore, 8 pound it well with water ; if it be green do not apply water to it, then wring on the nose. ad. For sore lips, smear the lips with honey, then take film of egg, scatter it with pepper, and lay on. xii. For distorted mouth, take dock and old swines grease, work to a salve, set on the wry part. For swelling of gullet, for that, everfem 4 also shall come 1 Euforbia laihyris . * HeUeborus viridis . 2 Plantago maior . 4 Polypodium vulgare. Book L Ch. viii Digitized by Google 56 LMCE BOC. foL 21 a. Alex. Trail, lib. v. initio. fol. 21 b. fpile pij? ]?on pceal eopoppeapn eac fpa *j jy)>pipan pyl on meolce fup ponne *j jebeJ?e mib. J hp ceolan fpile bipceop pypt ateplaSe mSepeapbe *j clatan pyl on ealaS. .XIII. Jh8 beep pceapbe hpit cpubu jecnupa fpiSe fmale bo cejep p bpite to menj fpa J?u beft teapop on- fmS mib peaxfe feopa mib feolce paefte fmipe mib J^onne mib Jraepe pealpe utan -j innan cep pe feoloc potije • jip tofomne teo pece mib hanba fmipe ept pona. : .xiin. J?i]7 peaSan • pecelp lytel fpepl fpejlef ceppel peax jinjipep J?uph hopn bpmce • hunan hapocpypt on hluttpfim ealoS. :• .xv. 1 J?ij> hpoftan hu he mippenlice on mon becume *j hu hip mon tilian fcyle. Se hpofta hcepS mamjpealbne tocyme fpa J?a fpatl bee's mippenlicu • hpilum cymS op uDjemetpaejtpe heeto • hpilum op unjemetpaeptum cyle • Dpilum op unjemetlicpe bpijneppe. Pypc bpenc yip hpoftan • jenim mucjpypt feoj? on cypepenum citele *j pyl oj? p hio 2 fie fpi]?e J?icce • *j hio 8 fie op hpeetenum mealte jepopht jenim ponne eopop- peapnef inapt bifeeop pypt • hinb heoloSan • bpeopje bpoftlan finjpenan bo to eall on paet fele bpmean mib- belbajum *j popja pup *j fealtep jehpeet. J7ip> hpoftan | 2 Read he. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 57 into use, and boil cockle in milk, them sup some and bathe with it. For swelling of gullet, boil in ale bishopwort, the netherward part of attorlothe, and burdock. xiii. For hair lip, pound mastic very small, add the white of an egg, and mingle as thou dost vermillion, cut with a knife the false edges of the lip, sew last with silk, then smear without and within with the salve, ere the silk rot. If it draw together, arrange it with the hand; anoint again soon. xiv. For watery congestions 1 called #Xu8a>vs$, a little incense, some sulfur, beetle nut, wax, ginger; let the patient drink through a horn ftorehound and hawkwort 2 in clear ale. xv. For host or cough , how variously it comes upon a man, and how a man should treat it. The host hath a manifold access, as the spittles are various. Whilom it cometh of immoderate heat, whilom of immoderate cold, whilom of immoderate dryness. 2. Work thus a drink against cough. Take mugwort, 3 seethe it in a copper kettle, and boil till it 4 be very thick, and let it 4 be wrought of wheaten malt; then take of everfem most, bishopwort, water agrimony, 5 pennyroyal, 6 singreen, 7 set all in a vat, give to drink at the middays, and forego what is sour and every- 1 Bpoyxoicf)\Ti, perhaps. 2 Hieracium. 2 Artemisia vulgaris. * The gender of the pronoun makes it refer to the wort, whereas the process seems to require a mas- culine, referring to the potion. * Eupatorivm cannabinum, • Mentha pulegium, 1 Sempervivum tectorum. Book L Ch. xil Digitized by 58 LiECE BOO. ept* jentm liunan feo$ on pmtepe fele fpa peapme bpincan. 6pt jenim clippypt fume men hatab poxep clipe fume eapyjit • *j hio py jepopht opep mibne fumop feoj? J?a on psetepe op f bpibban 1 bsel p&p popep op fie pele bpincan J?pipa on bsej. Pi5 hpofcan ept jentm fsemintan pyl on eala)? pele bpincan. Gpt jenim fppacen bepinbpeb pyl on ealab pele bpincan. :• 6pt jen[i]m hopan jeappan peabe netelan pyl on meolce. 6pt jentm pip hpoftan *j pip anjbpeofte pla- pian jobne bsel bo bollan pulne pmep to bepyl Jjpibban bael on pa, pypte fupe on mht neptij. 6pt jenim mapubian pyl on ealaS bo pipop on. Gpt pip anjbpeofte jip men fie bpije hpofta • jentm fpicep fnaebe pynne leje on batne fcan fceab cyraeb on fete hopn on bpmce J?onne fmic. ]>ip bpijum hpoftan ept jentm eolonan *j jalluc ete on hunijep teape. :• fol. 22 a. .XVI. pij? bpeoft paepce jenim pa, lytlan culmillan *j cymeb pyl on hluttpfim ealaj? fupe bpmce. Gpt jeriim bpeopje bpoftlan *j jyJ?pipan kyncean pelle on hlut- tpum ealab bpmce fcenc pulne on neaht neptij. :• Pyl on ealab pip pon llcan pmul mapubian betomcan *j bpmce. pip bpeoft paepce jentm puban • hunan 1 Read *Sjubban = Sjubba. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 59 thing salt. Again for host, take horehound, seethe in water, administer it so warm to drink. 3. Again, take cliffwort, 1 2 3 some men call it foxes cliff, some riverwort, and let it be wrought past midsummer, seethe it in water till the third part of the wash be off, give it thrice a day to be drunk. 4. For host again, take sea mint, boil it in ale, give to drink. Again, take black alder rendered and purified, boil it in ale, give it to be drunk. 5. Again, take hove, 8 yarrow, red nettle, 8 boil them in milk. Again, take against host and against breast anguish, 4 a good portion of slary, 5 add a bowl flail of wine, boil away a third part on the wort ; let the patient sup it at night fasting. 6. Again, take marrubium, boil it in ale, add pepper. Again, for breast anguish, if a man have a dry host, take a thin slice of lard, lay it on a hot stone, shed cummin on it, set it on a horn, 6 let the patient drink in the smoke. 7. For a dry cough again, take elecampane and comfrey ; let the patient eat them in virgin honey. xvi. 1. For acute pain in the breast, take the little centaury and cummin, boil in clear ale, let the patient sip and drink. Again, take pennyroyal and cockle, artichoke, let him boil in clear ale, let him drink a - cup full at night fasting. 2. Boil in ale for the same, fennel, marrubium, betony, and let the patient drink. For pain in the breast, take rue, fawehound and abrotanon, 7 rub to* 1 Arctium lappa . 2 Glechoma hederacea. 3 Lamium purpureum . * Angina pectoris seems too limited. 5 Salvia sclarea, 0 Lye understands cymeb as XafuuXpCs, germander , going by the syllables. 7 Artemisia abrotanon. Digitized by Book I. Ch. xv. Google m 60 LMCE BOC. appotanan jejmb toSomne fmaele on moptepe men; pi® hum; *j ppy ba;af aelce bse; aep mete ppie cuclep pulle ;epic;e. .XVII. yip heopt paepce puban ;elm feop on ele *j bo alpan ane yntfan to fmipe mib py f full® pam fape. yip heopt ece ;ip him on Innan heapb heopt paepc fie ponne him pyxp pmb on paepe heoptan *j hme pe;e® pupfu bip unmehti;lic. :• JJypc htm ))onne fuan bae® *j on pam ete fupepne paebic mib pealte py mae; pefan fio pimb jehaeleb. foL 22 b. yip heopot ece ept ;eriim ;ippipan feop on meolce pele bpincan • vi. ba;af. 6 pt mopepeapb epoppeapn jyfpipan • pe;bpae[ban] pyl topomne pele bpincan. pi 8 luopot ece ept ;emm pipop • *j cymen • *j coft: ;e;nib on beo^ oppe on pactpe pele bpincan. :• .XVIII. Paul. .ASgineta, Kponan pe micla jeoxa cume oppe hu hif mon Alex Trail. tlcan pcule. Se cym® op pam fpifie acoloban ma;an • vii. 15. oppe op pam to fpi®e ahatoban • o 88 e op to micelpe Avytfs. pylle • oppe op to micelpe lacpneppe • o® 6 e op ypelum paetan • plitenbum fceoppenbum pone ma;an • ;ip ponne fe peoca man puph fpipebpenc afpip® pone ypelan bitenban paetan 6 n pe; • ponne popftent pe ;eohfa • fpipe pa beah pam monnum pe po^ pylle phfa ]iih® o® 6 e poppon pe hie iNnan pcypp® eSc pe ;eohfa pe pe op paep ypelan paetan micelnyppe cym® haep® peappe fpip- bpincef* pe pypc® micelne pnopan eac fe hme bet* ponne pe jeohfa op paepe lblan pambe cym® *j op paepe Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 61 gether small in a mortar, mingle with honey, and for three days, every day before meat, let the patient take three spoons full. xvii. For pain in the heart, seethe a handful of rue in oil, and add an ounce of aloes, rub the body with that, it stilleth the sore. For heart ache, if there be to him within, a hard heart wark, then wind waxeth in the heart for him, and thirst vexes him and he is languid. 2. Work him then a stone bath, and in that let him eat southern radish 1 * * with salt, by that the wound may be healed. For heart ache again, take githrife, seethe it in milk, give to drink for six days. 3. Again, boil together the netherward part of ever- fem, githrife, and waybroad ; give to drink. For heart ache again, take pepper and cummin and costmary, rub them into beer, or into water, administer to drink. xviii. We here explain whence the mickle hicket 8 cometh, and how a man should treat it. It cometh from the very chilled maw, or from the too much heated mew, or from too mickle fulness, or of too mickle leemess, that is emptiness , or of evil wet or humour rending and scarifying the maw. If then the sick man by a spew drink speweth away the evil biting wet, then the hicket abateth. A spew then is good for the men whom hicket teareth for fulness, or in case it scarifieth them within ; and also the hicket which cometh of the mickleness of the evil wet or humour , hath need of a spew drink, which eke worketh mickle sneezing, and amendeth the sick . When the hicket cometh of the 1 Rhafanus sativa. 9 Holland and old writers spell Hicket, the moderns “ hiccup,” “ hic- “ cough.” Digitized by Book I. Ch. xv i. Google M 62 LJSCE ROC. foi. 23 a. jelaBpan ne bet pone fe pnopa. jip fe jeohfa op cile cume ponne fceal mon mib pypmenbum pmjum lacnian fpile fpa pipop ip *j oppa pepmenba pypta oppe puban jejmbe mon optn 1 pelle bpincan • oppe mepcef paeb mib pme 2 oppe eceb 2 pelle bpincan oS8e mintan bpo8 Correct cgnen, oppe mopan • o88e cymenef oppe jinjippan hpilum an- lenic.^ 16 el " ^P 1 ? fpa jepenobe • hpilum pa pypta tojaebepe jebon on p pof pelle bpincan • Jip op hatum paetan ypelum on pone majon gefamnobum fe jeohfa cume he jepele p fe hme innan fceoppe on pone majan • pele him ponne placu paetep bpincan fpipe hat« jebo ponne pepepe on ele ftinje him jelome on pa hpacan p he maje fpipan • pele him pip jeohfan cealb paetep eceb bpincan *j appotanan jejmbene on pme. Cf. Paul. JEginet. lib. iii. 37. ed. Aid. fol. 43 a. line 35. Natrrfa. 'Kvopttfa. foL 23 b. .xvmi. Pip plsettan pam men pe hine ne lyft hip metep ne lipep o88e on majan fintpum fie • oppe bitepe hpaece • eop8 jeallan *j pipop bpmce on peapmum paetepe ppy bollan pulle on mht neptij. 6pt pip platunje puban pepmob bifceop pypt mapubian pyl on eala8 fpipe jefpet mib humje leohtlice • jebpinc fpa hatep fpa pin blob fie fcenc pulne bo fpa ponne pe peapp pie. .xx. Pip pculbop paepce ealbep fpmep topb paep pe pelb- janjenbe fie menj pr5S ealbne pypele jepypme leje on p beah pip pculbop paepce je pi8 pib paepce • prS breoft paepce • *j pip lenbenpaepce. 6ft pyl betonican nep- tan on ea!o$ pele bpincan jelome *j fimle aet pype jefmipe mib penpypte. 6pt jenim fpmep pceapn paep pe on bun lanbe *j pyptum libbe maenj pip ealbne pypele For on pin. | 2 Not the same case. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 63 foul wamb and of the leer or empty one, the sneezing Book i. doth not amend it. If the hicket come of chill, then Ch * xvm * shall a man cure it with warming things, such as pepper is, and other warming worts, or let one rub rue and give it in wine to drink ; or give seed of marche with wine or vinegar, or broth of mint or carrot,® a AatW, Gr. or cummin, or ginger, at times singly and so pre- pared. At whiles give to drink the worts together put into the wash. If the hicket come of hot evil humours collected into the maw, and the sick man feel that it scarifieth him within in the maw, give him then lukewarm water to drink “ very hot/' then put a feather in oil, poke him frequently in the throat that he may spew ; give him against hicket cold water and vinegar to drink, and abrotanon rubbed in wine. xix. Against loathing or ncmsea, for the man who hath no lust for his meat nor for his cup, or be infirm in the maw, or hreaketh bitter, as in heartburn, let him drink earthgall and pepper in warm water, three bowls full at night fasting. Again for loathing, boil strongly in ale slightly sweetened with honey, rue, wormwood, bishopwort, marrubium, drink of this as hot as thy blood be, a cup full, do so when need be to thee. xx. Against shoulder pain, mingle a tord of an old swine, which be a fieldgoer, with old lard, warm it, lay it on, that is good for shoulder pain or for side pain, for breast wark and for loin wark. Again, boil betony and nepeta in ale, give to drink frequently, and always at a fire smear with wen wort. Again, take sham of swine, which liveth on the downland and on worts, mingle with old lard, lay on, and let the patient drink Digitized by Google 64 L.3SCE BOC. II \tvp7rts. fol. 24 a. Herbar. Apul i. 9. Cf. Herbar. Apul. i. 10. Cf. Marcell. 353, c. fol 24 b. IffXids. leje on bjunc 1 betronican on jefpettum pine • jip pepep habbe bpmce on paetepe. :• .XXI. Pi)? piban pape )?aepe fpi)?pan bojen *j pebic *j hpite claeppan pypc to clame to bpence. JTip )?aepe pinef- tpan fiban fape pubupipan jecnupa on eceb *j pypc to clame jebmb on )?a fiban. 6pt betonican fpilc fpa J?py penejaf jepejen • *j pipopep feopon *j xx. copna to Somne jetpipulab • jeot ealbep pinep )?py bollan pulle to • *j jeplece pele mhtneptijlim bpmcan. 6pt pi8 fiban pape puban prb pypele 2 jemenjeb *j jebeaten lecje on )?a fiban f bet. pi)? piban pape ept laupep cpoppan jebeate bpmce on paetepe *j on )?a fiban bm be. 8 pi)? fiban fape ept caulep pypttpuman jebaepn to • ahfan *j pi)? ealbne pypele jemenj aleje on )?a piban. .XXII. Pi)? lenben ece jenim betonican fpilce tpejen penejaf jepejen bo |?aepto fpetep pinep tpejen bollan pulle menj pi)? hat paetep pele nihtneptij bpmcan. 6ft jenim jpunbe fpeljean jebeat -j f peap pele bpmcan mht- neptijum. Pi)? lenben ece ealipep hatte pypt jmb on eala)? *j bpmce )?a. pi)? )?on llcan himbep tunje hatte pypt jemm )?a leap abpij *j jejnib to melupe jenim )?onne bepen mela jemenj pij? )?a pypt jebpmj )?onne 6n meolce. .XXIII. Pij? )?eoh ece • fmice mib peapne fpij?e J?a )?eoh. 6ft to bpence • pipop • pm • pealpypt • humj. 6ac to ]?on 1 Read bpmce. 4 Tp mryaytp§, Paul. JEg. and Galen, a preparation of rue . 8 Paul iEginet., lib. iii. cap. 33. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 65 betony in sweetened wine. If he have fever, let him Book L drink it in water* Ch.xx. xxi. For sore of the right side, work thyme and radish and white clover to a paste, and to a drink. For sore of the left aide, pound woodroffe in vinegar, and work it to a paste, bind it on the side. Again, betony as much as three pennies weigh, and twenty-seven corns of pepper triturated together ; pour in three bowls full of old wine, and make lukewarm, give to the patimt after his nights fasting to drink. Again for sore of side, lay rue mingled with lard and beaten, on the side ; that amendeth it. For sore of side again, let him beat bunches of laurel flower , let him drink them in water, and bind them on the side. For sore of side again, bum to ashes roots of colewort, and mingle with old lard, and lay on the side. xxii. For loin ache, take betony, as much as two pennies Lumbago, weigh, add thereto two bowls full of sweet wine, mingle with hot water, give it to drink after his nights fasting. Again, take groundsel, beat it, and give the juice to drink after his nights fasting. 2. For loin ache, a wort is called ealiver, ft rub it in ■ Erysimum ale, and let the patient drink it. For the same, a wort hight hounds tongue, take the leaves, dry them, and rub them to meal, then mingle with the wort barley meal, and then apply it in milk. xxiii. For thigh ache, smoke the thighs thoroughly with Sciatica, fern. Again, for a drink, pepper, wine, wallwort, honey ; VOL. II. E Digitized by Google 66 LJECE BOC. apulbop • f opn • rope • cpicbeam • eopopfpote aspcfpote • elone • bipceop pyyit • ip j • betomca • pibbe • paebic • fppacen • pipop • hpit cpubu • cofc • jmjipep • momaca • netle • blinbe netle pipe fip to bpence. gtp f eoh plapan abelp mofopeapbne pecj pyl on paetepe laet peocan 6n past lim fte plape fmipe mib pealpe fe mon fup pypee. Op fpinep j&neppe • pceapep fmepu • butepe • fcipteapo • pipop • hpit cpubu • fpeglep aeppel • fpepl • coft • eceb • ele • hpeppette • paebxc • eolene • bifeeop pypt • pealt • aepc • apulbpe • Sc • fopn. .xxnii. Pif cneop paepce • pubu peaxe • *j hejepipe jeenupa fa tojaebepe *j bo on ealu laet licjean neahtepne pele him p fonne bpincan befe mib -j leje 6n. Jhp f on Jip cneop pap fie • jeriim pealpypt clupfun; • peabe netlan apyl on paetepe befe mib. .xxv. gip pcancan pape fynb jeriim jifpipan boljpunan • *j hamop pypt* *j betomcan ban pypt* *j lmpypt «j pubu mepce • *j eop$jeallan • *j bpunpypt peof on butepan fmipe mib:- Gip 1 fcancan pynb popobe mm banpypt jeenupa jeot aejep p hpite men; tofomne feanepopebum men. Pi’S popebum lime leje fap pealpe on p popobe ltm pop- leje mib elmpinbe bo fpilc to • ept fimle mpa off jehalob fie jepenbpa elm pinbe *j apyl fpi$e bo fonne op fa pmbe jeriim linpaeb jejpmb bpipe prS fam elmep bpaence p bi8 job pealp popebum lime. 1 Bif, MS. Digitized by LEECH BOOK. I. 67 also in addition, apple tree, thorn, ash, quickbeam, Book I. everthroat, ashthroat, helenium, bishopwort, ivy, betony, XX1V ' ribwort, radish, spraken, a pepper, mastic, costmary, a Bhammu ginger, sal ammoniac, nettle, blind nettle, work this*^ ran ^ a ‘ to a drink. If thighs be paralyzed, delve np the netherward part of sedge, boil it in water, make it reek on the limb that is helpless, smear with a salve, which a man may thus work; from swines grease, sheeps grease, butter, ship tar, 1 pepper, mastic, beetle nut, sulfur, costmary, vinegar, oil, cucumber, radish, helenium, bishopwort, salt, ash, apple tree, oak, thorn. xxiv. For knee pain; pound together woodwax 2 and hedge- rife, and put into ale; let it lie for a night, give him then that to drink, bathe with it, and lay it on. In case that a knee be sore, take wallwort and doffing, and red nettle, boil in water, bathe therewith. xxv. 1. If the shanks be sore, take githrife and pellitory and hammerwort and betony and bonewort and flax- wort and wild marche and earth gall and brownwort, seethe in butter, smear therewith. 2. If shanks be broken, take bonewort, pound it, pour the white of an egg out, mingle these together for the shank broken man. For a broken limb, lay this salve on the broken limb, and overlay with elm rind, 3 apply a splint, again, always renew these till the limb be healed ; clean some elm rind, and boil it thoroughly, then remove the rind, and take linseed, grind it for a brewit or paste with the elms drink ; that shall be a good salve for a broken limb. 1 Pix navalis is frequent in Latin I 3 Genista tinctoria. medicine of the time. | 3 C£ Aetius. L i. y. wr*\4a. E 2 Digitized by Google 68 LJBCE BOC. Ayic6\»onne jiecce he )?a ban fpa he fpi]?ofc maeje bo fpelc to *j betepe fpa mon optop mib py be)?ije. gip fmo claeppette miiejpypt jebeatenu *j pi)? ele jemenjeb -j on aleb. COyejpypte feap pi)? jepofobne ele jemenjed fmipe mib py fona bij? aetfcilleb fio cpacunj. .XXVII. Pip pot ece betonican • jeopmenleap • pinul* pibban* ealpa empela jemenje meoluc pi)> paetep *j p tofpollene ltm ppam )?aepe upeppan healpe bej?e py laep pe fpile Injepite • jenime )?onne jalluc jefobenne leje on. prS pota fane oppe jefpelle fpam miclum janje pejbpaebe jetpipulab *j pi8 eceb jemenjeb. Jhp )?on beah jpunbe fpelje jebeatenu *j pi8 pyfele jemenjeb. :• Pip potece jip pe pot ace mjefpice jeriim mucjpypte pyptpuman menj pi)? ele pele etan. Yi8 f6t ece ept hunan peap pi)? ele jemenjeb fmipe )?a papan pet mib. :• Pi)? potece jeriim ellenep leap • *j pejbpaeban mucj- pypt jecnupa leje on *j jebmb on. .XXVIIL Pij? ban ece tunmjpyjit beolone • pealpypt ealbe jput *j eceb • heopotep fmepa oppe jate • oppe jofe 1 Tunpns pypt, Herbarium, cxxxyiii. So read. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 69 XXvi. Book I. If a sinew shrink,* and again after that swell, take . That . g when a she goats tord, mingle with vinegar, smudge it on, a leg is broken, soon the smew healeth. In the case of many a man, his feet shrink up to his hams, work baths, add tares and cress and small nettle and beewort, 1 put hot stones well heated in a trough, warm the hams with the stone bath, when they are in a sweat, then let him, the patient, duly arrange the bones as well as he can, apply a splint, and it is so much the better the oftener a man bathes with the preparation. If a sinew have pulsation, mugwort beaten and mingled with oil, and laid on is good . Juice of mugwort mingled with rose oil, smear with that, soon will the quaking be stilled. xxvii. 1. For foot ache, betony, germen leaves, that is no&dypa. mallow, fennel, ribwort, of all equal quantities ; mingle milk with water, and bathe the swollen limb, from the upper part of it, with that, lest the swelling go inwards; then take sodden comfrey, lay it on. For sore of feet or swelling from much walking, waybread triturated and mingled with vinegar. For that dis- order, groundsel beaten and mingled with lard is good. 2. For foot ache; if the foot ache go inwards, take mugworts roots, mingle with oil, give to eat. For foot ache again, juice of Aorehound mingled with oil, smear the sore feet with it. 3. For foot ache, take leaves of elder and waybroad and mugwort, pound, lay on, and bind on. xxviii. For leg ache, white hellebore, henbane, wallwort, old groats and vinegar, harts or she goats or goose 1 Acorus calamus. Digitized by Google 70 LiECE BOC. Marcellos, 395 , a. Part in Mar- cellos, 395, d. fol. 26 b. XifttrXoK * Oy kos. menj tofomne leje J?onne on. J7i}? banece ept to bpence elene • cneopholen • pealpypt • hune • clupjmnj jecnupa bo on psetep p opep ypne bepe to pype fpiSe )>one ece j?pea mib py peetepe bo p }>pipa on b®j • pypc )>onne pealpe 6p tun[i]nj pypte op eolonan • op Jmnje • 6p pepmobe bo ealpa empela pylle fpiSe. .XXVIIII. gip mannep jetapa beo]> pape o88e a]?unbene beto- nican jetpipula on pme bej;e pa fapan ftopa *j pa ajmnbenan mib py. 6pt jip hie bylfuihte fien o88e jebopfrene jeriim faluian feoB on paetepe bepe mib pa jetapa. Gpt bile jebsepneb jemen; pi8 ahpan humj 1 pypc to fealpe appeah Jxmne «j jphepe pa pnnba aepept mib hate psetepe aeptep pon mib peapme ele je fmipe on J>am pe psepe pip jefoben leje J?onne pa pealpe on. .xxx. Pip pceal pip aecelman *j pi8 pon pe men Scale p pel op j?am potum • jenime neojwpeapbe mebopypt *j luft- mocan • acpinbe jecnua eall to bufte jemenj pi8 hunij lacna mib py. .XXXI. Yip selcum heapbum fpile o88e jefpelle abpije beana •j jepeoJj butan pealte menj pomie pip hunij leje on. J hp J?on llcan jemm bepen melo peop on ecebe bo on 1 Bead semens I* ah|*an pi$ hums. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 71 grease, mingle together, then lay on. For leg ache Booki. again, for a draught, helenium, kneeholly, or butchers Ch ‘ XXVU1 * broom, wallwort, or dwarf elder , Aorehound, doffing, 1 pound these, put them in water, so that it run over, warm at the fire thoroughly, wash the ache or aching part with the water, do that three times a day; then work up a salve of white hellebore, of helenium, of thung or wolfs bane , of wormwood, put equal quantities of them all, boil thoroughly. xxix. 1. If a mans instrumenta genitalia be sore or puffed out, triturate betony in wine, bathe with that the sore and puffed up places. Again, if they be mucous, or in eruption, take sage, 1 seethe in water, bathe with that the instrumenta. 2. Again, take dill burnt, mingle the ashes with honey, work up to a salve, then wash and bathe the wounds first with hot water, after that with warm oil or grease, on which myrtle has been sodden, then lay the salve on. xxx. This shall be good for chilblain and in case that the Pernio - skin of a mans feet come off by cold, 8 let him take the netherward part of meadowwort and lustmock and oak rind, pound all to dust, mingle with honey, effect a cure with that. xxxi. 1. For every hard tumour or swelling, dry beans and seethe them without salt, than mingle with honey, lay on. For the same, take barley meal, seethe in 1 Ranunculus sceleratus . 3 Of bam jrotum, off the feet f 2 Cf. Myrepe. xlvii. 10. not of. * Digitized by Google 72 LMCE BOC. fol. 27 a. fol. 27 b. 6pt yip pon belenan menj pr8 pypele leje on. Pi8 fpile ept jebeat hunan men; pip pypele leje on o88e jate hopn jebaepneb yip paetep jemenjeb. 6ft; jiypele oppe jelynbo yip japleac jemenjeb *j on aleb bone fpile pysenp. jhp fpile eft cepplle jecnupab mib pypele *j on jemelt peax jebon *j on aleb bet. :• Vi8 fpile ept jate plaepc jebaepneb to ahfan mib paetepe 6n jefiniten ealne pone fpile topepej?. 6pt mnipepi p ip jopffc p paBb jecnupa peoj? on paetepe. 6pt pmfulle yip pypele jemenjeb *j yip hlap *j yip celenbpan set* pomne jemenjeb. jhp yplum paetan fpile jeriim heopotep pceapo)?an op J?am hopne oppe pdoy hopnep melo men; yip paetep finit on eal p popmf ■j pone ypelan paetan ape; bep *j abpip)?. J7ip fpile jemm jate typblu on pceappum ecebe jepoben *j on pelpe pifan 6n jebon. jhp aelcum yplum paetan mucjpypte p& jpenan leap jetpipulab *j yip pypele jejmben tojaebepe fimpe an je J?eoh psoy bylfcan on fynb p beah pip J?an • je p beah eac yip pota jefpelle. pip mnan jepypfmebum jefpelle J?am pe pyp8 op pylle oppe 6p pleje o88e 6p hpicpca hpilcdm • pe, pypt pe hatte ptpleape • jenim *j jebeat *j leje on jelome op fee open fie pe fpile lacna )?onne pa, punba fpa opye punba. piS fpile ept hluttop ptc jenSm bo ahfan to feo8 aetjaebepe jeleje Jxmne pone fpile mib pj jelome. jhp fpile ept jate typblu bpije jejmb *j afipte j?uph fmael fife bo )>onne pyple Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 73 vinegar, put on. Again for that, mingle henbane with Book! lard, lay on. For a swelling again, beat Aorehound, xxxi * mingle with lard, lay on, or goats horn burnt and mingled with water. Again, lard or suet mingled with garlic, and onlaid, dwindleth the swelling. 2. For swelling again, chervil pounded with lard and added to melted wax, and laid on, is to boot or amend. 3. For a swelling again, goats flesh burnt to ashes, smudged on with water, removes all the swelling. Again, pound the seed of juniper, that is gorse, 1 and seethe in water. Again, houseleek mingled with lard and with bread and with coriander, mingled together. Against ill humours and swelling, take shavings off the horn of a hart, or meal of the horn, mingle with water, smudge it on, it doth away and driveth off all that ratten and the evil wet. 4. Against swelling, take goats treadles sodden in sharp vinegar, and applied in the same manner. 5. For every evil humour, 8 mugwort, the green and leaves of it, triturated, and rubbed together with lard, xv ^ Sm both smear on the thighs on which the mucus is, that is good for them ; and that is good also for swelling of the feet For a swelling purulent within, such as cometh of a fall or of a blow or of any crick, take the wort that hight fiveleaf or cinquefoil , and beat it and lay it on frequently till that the swelling be open, then tend the wounds as other wounds. For a swelling again, take “ dear pitch,” 3 add ashes, seethe together, then overlay the swelling with that frequently. For swelling again, dry goats treadles, grate and sift them through a small sieve, then add lard, as much as 1 Some verb most be supplied to | 2 Pituita molesta, of Horatios. form a sentence, as frequently hap- 3 Probably resin, as solid. See pens. And of course iuniperus is Blwcrepu, pale tar , in Lye. not gone. | Digitized by LiOOQle 74 LiECE boc. to fpa fpa pyn tpa punb *j ealbef pmep fpa mioel fpa pe Jnnce pypc to fealpe. 6ft jebaepneb pealt jejnib pel on jepleceb psetep op p hit fie fpa piece fpa humjef teap leje 6n J?one fpile opep leje mib cla8e *j mib eopcijpe pulle binb on. pi]? paeplicum fape *j jefpelle riim peax *j hemlic jetpipula pypc fpa peapm to pealpe binb on p pap. :• pip paep fpile • riim hunan jebeat *j jemenj pi]? pypele leje on. 6ft mape tpymhte jput mealtep fmebma • cepfan • sejep p bpite bifceop pypt • elene • ontpe • elehtpe • fijfonte • jalluc menj tofomne leje on. pi]? beabum fpile • Nim jpunbefpeljean leje on jleba *j jepypme *j leje }?onne fpa peapme on }?one fpile •j bebmb mib clabe lset beon mhtejme on jip hip )?eapp fie. U18 beabum fpile ajpimoman jebeat menj pi8 pm foi. 28 a. y pi]? pealt bo on ]?one fpile pona jepit apej. pi)? fpile attopla8an jecnupa leje on pone fpile leje laeft on p bolh pelp. bpenc pi}? beabum fpile p he utplea eopop- ]?pote • eolone • jotpo8e • tpa penpypta bo on ealu bpmce. Jhp beabum fpile jeriim fpane pypt jecnupa pel jemenj pi8 pepfcpe butepan leje on ]?one fpile op p jelacnob fie. yip fpile cunille • fppmj pypt elate pyl on butepan on hunije leje on ]?a pypta jemenj pi8 aejep p hpite. Spe)?inj jnp fpile • ban pypt upe- peapbe jecnupa finaele J?a pypte jemenj pi8 aejep p hpite bedaem p lim mib pe pe fpile on fie. Pypc p bae]? op )?am ileum pyptum on cealbum pylle paetpe jecnupa ]?a pypta fyipe pel leje on p paetep lapa on pone fpile. :• Vi8 fpile enupa mbepeapbe hamop pypt pecj bmb on. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 75 two pounds, and as much of old wine as to thee may seem good, work to a salve. 6. Again, rub burnt salt well in water made luke- warm, till that it be as thick as a tear of honey, lay on the swelling, overlay with a doth, and with wool of ewe, bind on. For sudden sore and swelling, take wax and hemlock, triturate, work this so warm into a salve, bind on the sore. 7. Against a sudden swelling, take Aorehound, beat and mingle it with lard, lay on. Again, mingle to- gether the cottony potentilla, commonly called silver - weed, groats of malt, smede or fine flow , cress, the white of an egg, bishopwort, helenium, ontre, lupins, “ sigsonte,” comfrey, lay on. For a dead* swelling, take groundsel, lay it on gledes and warm it, and lay it so warm on the swelling, and bind on with a cloth, let it be on for a night, if need be for that. For a dead swelling, beat agrimony, mix with wine and with salt, apply it to the swelling, which soon will depart away. For swelling, pound attorlothe, lay on the swelling, lay least on “ the wound" itself. A draught for a cjead swelling, that it may break out, put carlina, helenium, goutweed, the two wenworts into an ale drink. For a dead swelling, take “ swanwort,” pound it well, mingle with fresh butter, lay on the swelling till that it be healed. For a swelling, boil cunila, springwort, 1 clote, in butter and in honey, lay the worts on, mingle with them the white of an egg. A swathing for a swelling, pound small the upper part of bonewort, mingle with the wort the white of an egg, plaster the limb on which the swelling may be, with that 8. Work the bath of the same worts in cold well water, pound the worts very well, lay on, leave the water on the swelling. 9. For a swelling, pound the netherward part of hammerwort and sedge; bind on. 1 Euforbia lathyris. Book I. Ch. xxxi. • Without feeling. Digitized by Google r 76 LiECE BOC. .XXXII. *A\a • eolone • fpepl gecnnpa yip pyfle bo J?ae p f[p]eplep fpilcan fapa pypta tpaebe. Jhp hpeople ept jemm hoppep pypele jemenfj] fpipe yip fealte finipe mib. bae}> pip hpeople • pyl on paetepe aepcpmbe • cpicbeam pmbe • holen pinbe • pulanbeamep • ananbeamef • £ecj • J^eoppypt • hejepipe • mapubian • bepe mib • f he 3111b mib yes pe hejepipan. Pypc pealpe op mapubian on butepan • op pypm melupe • op hapan fppecele • he3epipan • jeriim healpe J?a pealpe 3emenj pi)? jeenupabe elenan fmipe 0)? p batije • pij?pan mib J?sepe ofeppe. hesp yip )?am miclan bee eolone bpom • ipij • muepypt aelpfone • beolone • cottuc • epe- laftan pyl on paetepe iyipe jeot on bybene *j pitte on. bprnce piyne bpenc yip )>on • betomepn • cupmille hope* ajpimoma • fppinjpypt • peabe netle • elehtpe • Saluie • fmjpene • alexanbpia • fie jepopht 6p pihfctim eala8 bpince on J?am hope *j ne laete 8n )?one epm . Sealp pij? J?am miclan bee • elene • pi inj omppe • jpunbefpelje • hole cep£an • pe5bpaebe • epelafue • 6ntpe • hope • jallfic • cele)?oman • cotttic pel on butepan eal tojaebepe healp 1 Head cpicbeamjnnbe. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK I. 79 3. A leechdom for a leprous body, delve up dock and silverweed, pound them, then boil them in butter, add a trifle of salt. For deadness of the body, rub in ale staithwort, marche, give to the patient to drink. For a leper, boil in urine 1 rind of quickbeam, the netherward part of elder rind, ash rind, and woad, elm rind, hem- lock, then add butter and honey. For a leper, pound with lard waybroad, leechwort, leek, mint, maythe, helenium, sulfiir, put of the sulfur two parts to one of the worts. 4. For a leper again, take fat of a horse, mingle thoroughly with salt, smear with that. A bath for a leper, boil in water ash rind, quickbeam rind, holly rind, the foultree or black alder rind, rind of spindle tree, sedge, ploughmans spikenard, hayrife, marrubium, bathe therewith, and rub the body with the hayrife. Work a salve of marrubium in butter, of worm 2 meal, of vipers bugloss, hayrife, take half the salve, mingle with pounded helenium, smear till it get better, then smear with the other half A bath for the mickle body or elphamliasis , boil in water thoroughly- helenium, broom, ivy, mugwort, enchanters nightshade (?), hen- bane, mallow, everlasting, pour into a byden, and let the patient sit upon it. Let a man drink against that disorder this drink ; betony, churmel, hove, agrimony, springwort, red nettle, lupin, sage, singreen, alexanders, let it be wrought out of foreign ale, let the sick man drink it in the bath, and let him not allow the vapour to reach it. A salve for the mickle leprous body, helenium, wolfsbane, dock, groundsql, field gentian, waybroad, everlasting, ontre, hove, comfrey, celandine, mallow, boil all in butter together, let half the salve 1 Cf. Aetius. L ii. 108. 2 Thus in later times : “ Fair large Earthworms gathered in May when they couple ; pot them into a Pail of Water at night till the next morning, so will they have cleansed themselves, then dry them before the fire, or in an Oven, which when through dry, beat into Ponder.” Salmon’s English Physician, p. 697, ed. 1693. He adds the cures. Book 1. Ch. xxxii. Digitized by 80 L®CE BOC. +\bcraipai. A Kpoxoptifr. MryfOAov. fol. SO b. fie fpmef pypele o86e hoppep fmepu • fmipe prnne mib. PiB fpile jeriim pejbpseban mojjopeapbe jecnupa pi]? pyfele leje *j jebmb on pme fpile. .XXXIII. Dpencaf *j pealpa pip fppmje • fppmjpypt peabe hope • pejbpsebe • pepep puje • appotane • maje]?e • pipop • pin • jip he on eapan fie jebeate pejbpmban • *j pepep pujean pipop • ppinj 6n p eape. To pealpe pr3 fppinje • rffm bolhpunan • pejbpseban majejian • Jnme bpaban capel mojiopeapbne • jeopmenleap mjiepeapb • bocce ni]?epepb • peabe hope • butepe *j hum;. Sealp ept mebopypt* acumban* hinb hioloBe • jeappe • cneop- liolen • sejielpepBmj pypt • ajpimonia. J>ip beabum fppmje. Pyl on butepan felpsetan seprep J^am 1 - fppmjpypt. ]hp fppmje majejia* pubu mepce* pypc to pealpe bpinoe jobe pypta. UiJ? fppmje* mm elehtpan jecnupa on humj menj to fomne leje on pone fpile opp&t hal pe. prS fppmje fppmjpypt ceppillan *j humj jope fmepa jecnupa pyl to pomne leje on 8one fppmg. .xxxnn. jip nsejl fie op hanba pi)? peaphbpaeban riim hpeete copn menj prB humj leje on pone pinjep. pi5 anjnaejle apjefpeopp ealbe papan *j ele jip Jni hffibbe jip ]>u nsebbe bo plytan to menj tofomne leje on. 2 :• Pip peaphbpaeban • majo]?an cpoppan pyl on butepan fealt fmipe mib. 1 Read aejvphan. | * In the margin is some cypher. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 81 be swines fat or horse grease ; then smear therewith. ^BookL. Against swelling, take the netherward part of way- broad, pound with grease, lay and bind on the swelling. TCTCTClW. 1. Drinks and salves against pustule; springwort, red hove, waybroad, feverfuge, abrotanon, maythe, pepper, wine. If it, the pustule, be on an ear, beat waybroad and feverfuge and pepper, wring them into the ear. For a salve against a pustule, take pellitory, waybroad, maythe, the netherward part of the broad colewort, the netherward part of mallow, the netherward part of dock, red hove, butter, and honey. A salve again, meadow wort, tow, 1 water agrimony, yarrow, butchers broom, stichwort, agrimony. 2. For a dead pustule; boil in butter the herb wild oat, seferth, and springwort. For a pustule, maythe, wood marche, work these into a salve, let him drink good worts. For a pustule, take lupin, pound in honey, mingle together, lay on the swelling till it be hole. For a pustule, pound springwort, chervil, and honey and goose grease, heat them together, lay this on the pustule. xxxiv. 1. If a nail be off the h$nd, and against a warty eruption® take wheat com, mingle with honey, lay on the finger. For an angnail, b brass filings and old soap, b n and oil if thou have it, if thou have it not, add cream, mingle together, lay on. 2. For warty eruption, heat in butter bunches of maythe and salt, smear therewith. 1 Understand, in ashes. “ Lin- teoram lanugo e velis navium ma- ritimaram maxime, in magno usn VOL. II. medicines est ; et cinis spodii {ivory filings ) vim habet.” Plinins, xix. 4. F Digitized by Google 82 LdECE BOO* MfXayla. McA tuTyu&s. Cf. Galemimde SimpL Med. lib. viii 43, ed. 1826. fob 31 a. fol. 31 b. .XXXV. Be afpeaptebum abeabebum hoe fio abl cym$ optoft op omum aeptep able pelme on pej jepitenpe peop)?eB hpilum lie afpeaptob . Jjonne op pam ppum pelme fio abl mib cealbum Jnnjum hip to celanne -j to lacmanne • Jmnne fio abl cymB utan butan fpeotolfim tacne • )n>nne pcealt Jm mpept pa, haeto celan mib cellenbpe jetpipulabpe mib hlapef epuman opJ?enbum mib cealb peetpe o) ipe mib J?y pelpan feape paepe cellenbpe • o}>J>e mib eejep J?y hpite o}?}>e mib pine o}?J>e mib oJ?pum Jnnjum J?am pe p lice maejen haebbe • }mnne pe j>elma fio haeto fie ape; jepiten pe bael Jraep lichoman fie jepenbeb hpon oBBe blaec oppe pon oppe fpilcep hpaet pceappa Jmnne pa, ftope Jmnne betft Jm Ba • *j bpije mib onlejene fpa fpa mon on peax hlape *j op peapmmn bepe • *j op fpelcum Jnnjum pypcB. 1 Nif him blob to laotanne on aebpe ac ma hipa man poeal tilian mib pyptbpenefim utypnenbum oppe fpiplum oppe mijo- lfim mib py Jm meaht claenfian p omeyn psoy jeallan- coBe p& peaban • je peah p ypel cumen ne fie op J?apa omena pelme fpa peah. beah fpilcum mannum pe pceappa pyptbpenc. gip pa, omihtan pannan Jnnj oppe pa, peaban fyn utan cumen op punbum oppe op fmjnnjum oBBe op plejtim fona )m pa, Jnnj l&cna mib pceappmje ^ Bnlejena bepef mptep J?aepe pifan pe laecaf cunnan pel Jm bit betfte. jip p alpeaptobe be to Jmn fyipe abeabije p Jnep nan jepelnep 6n ne fie Jmnne pcealt Jm pona eal p beabe *j p unjepelbe op alni^an o}> p cpice lie • p paey na mibt ps&y beaban beef to lape ne fie Jwef pe aep ne ipen ne pyp jepelbe. jGpteji Jmn lacnije mon pa, bolh fpa Jm Jmne bael pe Jmnne jit bpilce hpeja 1 pype, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOH. I. 83 XXXV. Of swarthened and deadened body. The disease cometb oftenest of corrupt humours after the inflamma- tion of the disease which has passed away, the body whilom becometh swarthy. Then, from the original inflammation, the disease is to be cooled and to be tended with cold appliances. And when the disease cometh from without, without a manifest token of Us cause, then shalt thou first cool the heat with triturated coriander, with crumbs of bread moistened with cold water or with the juice itself of the coriander, or with the white of egg, or with wine, or with other things which have the same virtue. When the inflammation and the heat are gone away and the part of the body is turned somewhat to be either pale or livid or somewhat such, then scarify the place, thou wilt then better it; and dry it with an application such as a man works of wax cake and warm beer and of such things. He is not to be let blood on a vein, but rather the symptoms shall be tended with wort drinks, of a perfluent nature, either emetic or diuretic, with which thou mayest cleanse the corrupt humour and its red gall- sickness. Yea, though the evil be not come of the inflammation of the corrupt humours, yet for such men the sharp wort drink is beneficial. If the pituitous livid or red symptoms be come from without, from wounds or from cuttings or from blows, soon do thou heal those matters with scarifying and onlayings a of barley, after the manner which leeches well know; thou shalt amend it. If the swarthened body be to that high degree deadened that no feeling be thereon, than must thou soon cut away all the dead and the unfeeling flesh, as far as the quick, so that there be nought remaining of the dead flesh, which ere felt neither iron nor fire. After that one shall heal the wounds, as thou wouldst the part which as yet may P 2 Book I. Ch. xxxv. 'ErtOefjiara. Digitized by Google 84 hMCE BOC. jepelnepj’e haebbe • *j eallunja beabe ne fynb. 1 pu j'cealr mib jelomlicpe fceappunje hpilfim mib micluin • hpilum mib peaptfm pene *j teoh 8 p blob ppam paepe abeabeban ftope lacna 6a pceappan pup • jenim bean mela oppe aetena • o6be bepef • oppe fpilcep melupep fpa pe pince p hie onniman pille bo eceb to *j hunij peop setjaebepe •j leje on *j bin b on pa japan fuopa. Jip pu polbe p fio pealp fpibpe fie bo lytel pealtep to on bin b hpilum *j ppeah mib ecebe oppe mib pine. Jip peapp fie jele hpiltim pyptbpenc • *j jepceapa fimle ponne pu pa fupan- jan laecebomap bo lipilc p maejen fie *j fio jecynb paej* lichoman • hpaepep hio fie ftpanj pe heapb -j eapelice maeje pa fupanjan laecebomap abepan pe hio fie hnepce *j meajipe *j pynne *j ne maeje abejian pa laecebomap. bo pu 6a laecebomaf fpilce pu J?a lichoman jefie • pop pon 6e micel jebal ip on paepnebef *j pipep *j cilbep hchoman • *j on pam maejene paef baejhpamlican pyphtan paep lblan paep ealban paep jeonjan *] paep pe fie jepm 8 ppopunjum • *j paej' pe fie unje- puna fpelcum pinjum • je pa hpitan lichoman beo6 meapupjian tebpan ponne pa blacan • *j pa peaban. Jip pu pille ltm aceoppan o86e afni8an op lichoman ponne jefeeapa pu hpilc fio ftop fie • paepe feope maejen* pop pon 6e papa ftopa fum pape potap jip hipe mon jimeleafiice tila6 • fume latop pela8 papa laeceboma fume papop • jip pu peyle aceoppan o66e afnipan unhal lim op halum lice ponne 4 ceopp pu p on pam jemaepe paep halan licef • ac micle fpipop fni8 o86e ceopp on p hale p cpice lie fpa pu hit pel *j papop jelacnofc. ponne pu pyp fette on mannan ponne mm pu meppep poppep leap *j jejmben pealt opep leje pa 1 Read fy. 3 Read sejmna. 3 Read pernan 7 ceohan. 4 Insert ne. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 85 have some feeling, and be not altogether dead. Thou shalt with frequent scarifying, whilom with mickle, whilom with slight, wean and draw the blood from the deadened place. Cure the scarifyings thus; take bean or oat or barley meal, or some of such meal as to thee seemeth good, so that it will serve, add vine- gar and honey, seethe together and lay on, and bind upon the sore places. If thou shouldst wish that the salve be stronger, add a little salt, bind on at whiles and wash with vinegar or with wine. If need be, give at whiles a wort drink, and observe always when thou art applying the strong leechdoms, what the power be, and what the nature of the body of the patient ; whether it be strong and hardy, and easily may bear the strong leechdoms, or whether it be nice and tender and thin, and may not bear the leechdoms. Apply the leechdoms according as thou seest the state of the body. For a mickle difference is there, in the bodies of a man, a woman, and a child; and in the main or constitution of a daily wright or labourer and of the idle, of the old and of the young, of him who is accustomed to endurances, r and him who is unaccustomed to such things. Yea, the white bodies be tenderer and weaker than the black and the red. If thou wilt carve off or cut off a limb from a body, then view thou of what sort the place be, and the strength of the place, since some or one of the places readily rotteth if one carelessly tendeth it : some feel the leechdoms later, some earlier. If thou must carve off or cut off an unhealthy limb off from a healthy body, then carve thou not it on the limit of the healthy body ; but much more cut or carve in on the hole and quick body ; so thou shalt better and readier cure it. When thou settest fire on a man, then take thou leaves of tender leek and grated salt, overlay the places, then shall be by that the more readily the heat of the fire drawn Book I. Ch. xxxv. Digitized by Google 86 LJCOE BOC. fol. 3Bb. fcope J?onne bi6 py pe paJ>op p&y pypep haeto apej atojen * p lice bi)? nyttol icep plite oppe hunbef jip hit: man pona to be® • ept ymb pjieo mht fmipe mib hunije p py pe paj*)p fio hpypinj op pealle. .xxxvi. J>cepe able pe tnon haet cipcul abl jerfim cpicbeam junbe • «j aepfan • apulbop • mapulbop • ellen • pijnj • pealh • pip • pice • Sc • plahJ?opn • bipcean • elebeam • jatetpeop • aepcep pceal maept • aelcep tpeopep bael pe man bejitan maej • butan haejjjopne *j alope }>apa tpeopa maept pe hep appiten pynb *j eac jajel cneop holen • finjpenan eolonan • jiebic pealpypt • pa, jpeatan netlan • pepmob eop)? jeallan. geriim )7onne tynam- bepne cetel bo Jqubban bael fapa pmba pa, pypta pylle iyipe on maxpypte jip Jm haebbe • jip Jm naebbe pyl on paetpe fpipe • bo }>onne op pa, pmba *j bo nipe 6n fol. 33 a. innan p lice pof bo fpa J>pipa afeoh )?onne claene fpa hatne J>one bpenc *j bo ponne mele pulne butepan on fpa hatne jehpepe tojaebepe laet ftanban tpa mht oppe pjieo • Sbo Jxmne op pa, butepan *j jentm J?onne jajel cpoppan • ipij cpoppan • helban • betomcan eolonan • pebic • banpypt • eop*8 miftel jebeSt tojae- bepe pylle on Jraepe butepan abo |?onne pa, butepan claene op j»m pyptum pzey pe mon maeje • jenim Jxmne fmael bepen mela *j jebaepneb pealt bpipe J?onne on 1 Z <&prj 9 or Zoxrr^p. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 87 away. The same process is advantageous for frogs 1 2 or hounds bite, if one soon applieth it. And again, for about three nights, smear with honey, that thereby the more readily the scab or crust may fall off. xxxvi. Against the disease which is hight circle addle 8 or shingles, take quickbeam rind, and aspen and apple tree, maple tree, elder, withy, sallow, myrtle, wich elm, oak, sloe thorn, birch, olive tree, the lotus tree , 3 of ash there shall be most, and a part of each tree which a man can get at (except hawthorn and alder), the largest quantity of the trees which are here written, and also gale and knee holly, that is, butchers broom, singreen, that is, house leek, helenium, radish, wallwort, the great nettle, wormwood, earthgall . 4 Take then a kettle holding ten ambers, put therein a third part of the rinds and the worts, boil strongly in mashwort, that is, the unfermented wort of beer, if thou have it, if thou have it not, boil strong in water, t hen remothe rinds, and put new rinds into that same decoction, do so three times, then strain out clean the drink so hot, and then add a basin full of butter so hot, and shake them up together : let this stand two nights or three, then remove the butter, and then take catkins of gale, berry branches of ivy, tansy, and betony, helenium, radish, bonewort, basil, beat together, boil in the butter, then remove the butter clean off the worts, as far as a man may : then take fine barley meal and burnt salt, 1 No doubt frog, Cod. Ex. p. 426-9. Dioskorides Alexifarm. 31. has a chapter on the Qp6vy, or toad, and the B&rpaxos fAtioj, or “ marsh frog,” as poisonous. 2 Id Plinius Valerian us, Circinns. “ Vesica) si hominem cinxerint oc- cidunt.” * Are we to suppose CaTpinus was read as Caprinus, and say horn- beam for lotus ? 4 Erythraa centaureum. Book L Ch. xxxv. Digitized by 88 L23CE BOC. foL 33 b. Marcellos, 362, d. Marcellos, 362, d. e. fol. 34 a. psepe butepan *j hpepe ponne {pipe butan jrype *j bo pipop to ete ponne aepeft pone bpip on neaht neptij. bpmce ponne aeptep pone bpenc *j nanne opepne psetan tyn mhturn ppitij gip he msege • jenim ponne acmiftel gebeat fmaele abpige *j gegmb to melupe apeh ponne yip senne penmg bo f on f betfte pin. bpinc fpa nigon bagaf *j ne ete mpne cife ne peppce jof* ne peppcne sel • ne pe[p]pc fpm • ne naht paep pe op mopobe cume • ne pxaf • finpcellehte • ne plohtenpote pugelaf • gip he hpilc pipfa ete fie p pealt -j nane pinga beop ne bpmce -j gemetlice pin y eala • gip mon piftim lsecebome bepyligb ponne bip fe man hal; pip cipcul able gemm boccan pa pe fpimman pille gebeat fpipe fmale apylle on ealbum mopobe gobe hanb pulle bo poone pa pypta 6p bo ept oppe hanb pulle psepe llcan pypte pylle ept fpiSe gebo ponne pa pypta op genim ponne fpepl gebeat fpipe fmale gebo ponne on pa pealpe p hio fie fpa piece fpa bpip fmipe ponne pa fpeccan mib psepe fealpe op p him pel fie. .XXXVII. Pip pon pe mon ne mseje hip miejean gehealban *j psepe gepealb nage eopopep dapa oppe oppep fpmep ge- bsepn to ahfan pceab ponne pa ahfan on paep peocan mannef bpmean. Gpt fpmef blsebpan untybpenbep p ip gylte gebaepn to ahpan bo on pin fele bpmean. pip pon llcan ept gate blsebpe ahypfte pele etan • fume fpa gehypfte gegmbap to bufre feeab on pin pellaS bpmean Jip hie beo$ butan peppe. jip mon ne maege gemigan ept cymenef gemm fpa micel fpa Su mib ppim pngpum Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 89 next make a brewit of them in the butter, and shake it well up without fire, and add pepper, then let the patient eat first the brewit at night fasting. Further after that let him drink the draught and none other liquid for ten nights, for thirty if he can endure it; then take mistletoe of the oak, beat it small and dry it, and rub down to meal, then weigh it against one penny, put that into the best wine; let the sufferer drink this accordingly for nine days, and let him eat neither new cheese, nor fresh goose, nor fresh eel, nor fresh pig, nor aught of that which cometh of a decoction, nor fishes without shells, nor web footed fowls ; if lie eat any of these, let it be salted, and by no means let him drink beer, and wine and ale moderately. If this leechdom be followed then shall the man be hole. Against circle addle or shingles , take dock that will swim, beat it very small, boil in old inspissated wine a good handful, then remove the worts, afterwards add another handful of the same wort, boil again thoroughly, then remove the worts ; then take brimstone, beat it very small, then apply the salve, so that it may be as thick as brewit, then smear the specks with the salve till it be well with him, the patient xxxvii. In case that a man may not retain his urine and have not control over it, burn to ashes claws of a boar or of another swine, then shed the ashes on the sick mans drink. Again, burn to ashes the bladder of an unpro- lific, that is a gelt, swine, put it into wine, administer it to drink. For the same, fry a goats bladder, give it to the man to eat; some, when so fried, reduce it to dust, and when shed into wine, give it to the men to drink, if they be without fever. Again, if a man may not pass water, take of cummin as much as thou mayst lift with three fingers, triturate it, and add Book I. Ch. xxxvi. Digitized by 90 L£CE BOC. Marcellos, 358, g. Marcellus, 362, d. fol. 34 b. tip ohebbftn mroje jetpipula *j jebo to pinep tpejen bollan pulle • *j oppe tpejen psetepef pele bpmcan mht- neptijum. 8pt jip mon ne mseje jemijan bpmce $yp- pipan on paetjie jejnibene. 6ft jenime eac jeappan *j pejbpseban pyl on pine pele bpmcan. 6ft painmep blaebpe jefobene picje he. geriim pinolef pypttpuman eft • *j pa pypt pelfe jebeat *j jejmb on pm oppsene pel *j apeoh pele bpmcan, 6ft jofa tunjan jebpeebbe *j jepicje. 6ft jif pu prnbe pfc on oppum fifce mnan jentm pone *j jebpseb fpipe *j jebpyte on bpm- can *j pele pam peocan men bpmcan fpa he nyte fpa pu pcealt pa oppe setap *j bpmcan pellan. jip mon ne maeje jemijan bpmce he lilian pypttpmnan apyllebne on pme o#$e on ealaS. jip he ponne to fpi6e nnje bpmce jyppipan on psetepe gejmbene. gip mon blobe mige jeriim pubu popan feop on psetpe oS8e on ealaS pele bpmcan, Gip pip ne mseje jemijan mm tunceppan faob feo8 on psetpe pele bpmcan. gip mon ne msege gemigan gecnupa lupeftice *j ellenpmbe *j oleaftpum p tp pilbe elebeam gemeng pi$ fupum hluttpum eala$ pele bpmcan. .XXXVIII. Den finbon bolh pealpa to eallum punbfim *j bpencap *j ctenpunga 1 on gehpilce pifan ge utan ge on pam mnoptfm. pegbpcebe gebeaten prS ealbne pypele je- mengeb peppc ne nyt bip. 9 6ft bolhpealp gerfim pegbpseban fseb getpipula fmale pceab on pa punbe pona bi$ pelpe. 1 clwj-nunsa, MS. I * Eterbar. April, li. 6. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. L 91 thereto two bowls full of wine and two others of water, give it to the sick to drink after his nights fasting. Again, if a man cannot mie, let him drink githrife, rubbed fine in water. Again, take also yarrow and waybroad, boil them in wine, give them to be drunk. Again, let him eat a rams bladder sodden. Again, take roots of fennel and the wort itself, beat it and rub it fine into wine, moisten well and strain it, and admi- nister it to drink. Again, let him roast 1 and partake of the tongues of geese. Again, if thou find a fish within another fish, take and roast it thoroughly, and break it to bits into a draught, and give it to the sick man to drink in such a manner that he know it not. So shalt thou give the other meats and drinks. If a man may not pass water, let him drink a root of a lily boiled in wine or in ale. If he then mie too strongly, let him drink githrife in water, rubbed to dust If a man mie blood, take dog roses, seethe them in water or in ale, administer them to drink. If a woman may not pass water, take seed of garden cress, seethe it in water and give it her to drink. If one may not pass water, pound lovage and elder rind and oleaster, that is wild olive tree, mix this with sour clear ale, and give to drink. xxxviii. 1. Here are wound salves for all wounds and drinks and cleansings of every sort, whether without or in the inwards. Waybroad beaten, mixed with old lard ; the fresh is not of use. 2. Again, a wound salve; take seed of waybroad, bray it small, shed it on the wound, soon it will be better. 1 Oar Saxon has not been careful is set down in Marcellos as restrain- in the selection of his recipes ; this mg “ profluyium urin©.” Book I. Ch.xxxvii. Digitized by 92 LiECE BOC. Jhp ealbpe punbe tobpocenpe jpunbefpelje pij? ealbne pypele jemenjeb -j on aleb lacna fpilce punba. To punbe claenpunje - 1 jenim clsene hum; jepypme to pype jebo J?onne on clsene pset bo pealt to hpepe o|? p hit hsebbe bpipep Jncneppe fmipe pa punbe nnb ponne foL 35 a. pullaS hio. gip banbpice on heapbe fie majepan *j jotpopan jecnupa pel on humje bo ponne butepan on p bi8 job bolhpealp. 6pt piiS J?on eac bij? job luft- mocan cpop to lecjanne 6n jebpocen heapob *j jlp hunb plite. pi)? hunbep phte jemm pa peaban netlan *j attopla)?an fpicep aelcep empela feo8 on butepan pypc to pealpe pona beo8 pa unnyttan ban ute. bolh pealp pi8 lunjen able • lileomoce hatte pypt fio peaxe8 on bpoce jepypc pa on mopjenne J?onne hio jebeap fie fume beo8 unbeape jofe fceapn J?onne luo ne ete • jecnupa pa hleomocan menj yip )>am jofe pceapne • bo lsep paep fceapnep pyl on butepan appinj p bij> job pealp. Sealp hapan fppecel mm on ealbum lanbe lunjenpypt feo bij? jeolu upepeapb -j sejef bybpm mib py pceal mon lacman J?one man pe bij? lunjenne punb. yip mnan punbe pealp • pin ele • fol. 35 b. jalluc • humj. bolhpealp jyppipe jelob pypt *j pa bpunan pypc bpableapan fio peaxej? on puba -j luft- moce cpoppan • jecnupa pa ealle *j pyl oepeft on bute- jian healpe appmj. bolh pealp ept jjiunbe lpelje pa 8e peaxa8 on popja- jtim fio bi]? 50b to bolhpealpe pibbe jeappe jiJ?- pipe jecnupa pa pypta ealle pyl on butepan appmj. 6pt bolhpealp job acpinb abjuje pa pmbe -j fpi8e fmale jecnupa abelp mpepeapbne plah 8opn apcap pa yte- 1 clwj* nuD S e > MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 93 3. For an old bruised wound, groundsel mingled Book I. . with old lard, and laid on : tend such wounds thus. Ch * XXXVU1 ‘ For cleansing of a wound; take clean honey, warm it at the fire, put it then into a clean vessel, add salt, and shake it till it have the thickness of brewit, smear the wound therewith, when it tumeth foul If there be a bone breach in the head, pound maythe and goutweed well in honey, then add butter, that is a good wound salve. Again for that, a bunch of “ lustmock " is good to lay on a broken head, and also if a hound tear a man. For tearing by a hound, take the red nettle and attorlothe and some lard, of each an equal quantity, seethe in butter, work to a salve, soon the useless bones will be out. 4. A wound salve for lung disease. A wort is called hlemock, which waxeth in brooks, and is now brook - lime, work it, that is, deal with it in a morning when # O it is dewy, (some plants of it are undewy), and sham of goose dropped when the goose eats not ; pound the brooklime, mingle with the dung of goose, put in less of the sham than of the wort, boil in butter, wring through a cloth, that will be a good salve. A salve : take vipers bugloss, grown on an old tilth, and golden lungwort,® and a yolk of egg, with this shall one tend * Hieracitm a man who is wounded in the lung. For an inward wound, a salve • wine, oil, comfrey, honey. A wound salve: githrife and silver weed, and the broadleaved brownwort which waxeth in woods, and a bunch of the flowers of “ lustmock pound all these and boil first in a half proportion of butter, and wring through a doth. 5. Again, a wound salve: the groundsel which waxeth in highways, that is good for a wound salve, and rib- wort, and yarrow, and githrife; 1 * pound all the worts, b Agrostemna boil in butter, and squeeze through a cloth. Again, a 9 itha 9»- good wound salve : oak rind ; dry the rind and pound it very small, and delve up the nethermost part of a Digitized by Google LJBCB BOC. melfcan prnbe fpiBe finale jeenupa apipt fmale fuph flnsel fipe bo bejea empela p mela biB job on co fceabenne. Jip fu paBe pille lytle punbe jelacman eacepfan jetpipula oBBe jefeoB on butepan pypc to pealpe fmipe nub. bolh pealp • jeappan • jyfpipan * finjpenan • jotpofan l?eft jeenupa piB butepan fpiBe pel leje neahtepne fpa jecneben • bo fonne 6n pannan pyl lfiBe bo p pam op clsene apeoh fuph olaB bo on hpit pealt hpep fpiBe of p jefcanben lie. bolhpealp mepfc hope sefelpepBinjpypt jyfpipan finjpenan on fa fol. 36 a. dean pifan p/pce. bolhpealp jenim pabef epoppan *j netelan eSc jeenupa pel • pyl on butepan afeoh fuph claB bo hpit fealt on hpepe fpiBe. bolhpealp fiepmb • sepepBe • meobopypt abpije ealle «j jeenupa fmale apipt fuph pipe menj pif hunije *j aejep p hpite. bolhpealp jip mon fie mib ipene je- punbob • pubupope • fmjpene • jelobpypt fppmj pypt • jyfpipe • jpunbefpelje • majoBe pypm pypt uiofopeapb jeonua pel tofomne ealle menj piB butepan pyl fa p/pta on fmpe butepan fpiBe apleot p pam op cleene afeoh fuph olaB bo on blebe hpep piB op p jeftanben fie. yip mon mib tpeope jeplejen lie oBBe mib lfcane oppe byl on men jebepfteB • to fon bolhpealp • jyf- pipe • ontpe • jelobpypt • pijelhpeoppa • jeenupa fa pypta fpife jemenj pel piB butepan *j on fa dean pifan jepena fe ic sep epasf. Jip men fie lim op aplejen • pmjep oBBe pot offe hanb jip p meaph ute lie • jenim pceapep meaph je- Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 95 blackthorn, shave off the outermost part of the rind Booki. and pound it very small, sift it small through a small * xxxvl11, sieve, put together equal quantities of both, the meal is good to shed on a vjowrwL If thou wilt quickly cure a little wound, bruise or seethe in butter water cress, work it into a salve, smear therewith. A salve for wounds : pound very well with butter, yarrow, cockle, singreen, or houseleek, of goutweed the least, lay them by for a night so bruised, then put them into a pan, boil thoroughly, remove the foam clean off, strain through a cloth, add white salt, 1 shake it well up till it be got firm. A wound salve; work up in the same wise marsh hove, stichwort, and cockle, and singreen. A wound salve; take heads of woad and of nettle, also pound them well, boil in butter, strain through a cloth, add white salt, shake thoroughly. 6. A wound salve : oak rind, “ seferthe,” meadowwort ; dry all these and pound them small, sift the dust through a sieve, mingle with honey and the white of an egg. A wound salve, if a man be wounded with iron: woodroffe, singreen, silverweed, springwort, a gith- ■ Euforbia rife, groundsel, maythe, the lower part of wormwort , iathyTl8 ' pound them all well together, mingle with butter, boil the worts in the butter thoroughly, skim the foam off dean, strain through a doth, put it on a sauoer, shake H till it be concrete, 7. If a man be smitten with wood or with stone, or if a boil bursteth on a man, for this a wound salve : cockle, “ontre,* silverweed, turnsole, pound the worts thoroughly, mingle well with butter, and prepare in the same wise which before I quoth. 8. If a limb be smitten off a man, a finger, or a foot, or a hand, if the marrow be out, take sodden sheeps 1 Salt not quite pure is not white ; much comes red from the pits ; much dirty from the saltpans. Sal Mnm Qnift curo is often prescribed in the Latin and Greek authors ; per- haps this is an evasion of that drug. Digitized by Google 96 LjECE BOC. poben lege on p opeji meaph • appi]? fpifte pel neahtepne. fol. 36 b. bolh pealp • haeplef pagu *j liolen pinbe mj?epeapbe • «j gyjjpipan gecnua fpi8e pel J?a pypta gemeng pi8 bute- pan feo8 fpifie pleot op p pam afeob Jmph cla5 fpij?e claene gip Jraep bolgep oppap fynb to hea ymb ftpic nnb hate ipene fpi$e leohtlice p p pel hpitige. bolhpealp gotpo);an gecnupa fpiSe pel meg pi8 bute- pan feoiS fpiSe -j pyll *j appmg Jmph cla8 pleot p pam op gepelt fpifte pel • gip bolh puhge ceop ftpael pypt on -j geappan. bolhpealp genim pibban • *j geappan • *j bolhpunan niojmpeapbe • -j boccan *j gope poeapn *j picef lytel • *j hunig pylle on butepan bo on p bolh ]?onne claenfaS hit *j halab. bolhpealp gentm geappan *j laece pypt pyl on butepan. Sealp yip )>on p bolh ne pulige genim bpep pe hiopan on peaxa]; ceop J?a pinbe on p bolh ne pula); hit. bolhpealp mebopypt moJ?epeapb • luftmoce • hope • eopoji peapn • pyl on hunige bo Jncce maxpypt on gemang. fol 37 a. bolhbpenc • eopopJ>pote mojmpeapb *j mebopypt efic fpa agpimonia mojmpeapb *j upepeapb pyl on ealaj? pa, pypta gebipm mib gifte pele bpincan. bolhbpenc geacep fupan pubu cunille gippipe • eopop- ppote mj>epeapbe aepcjjpote cnupa fmale bo on cealb paetep gnib betpeoh hanbum afeoh Jmph clafi pele Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 97 marrow, lay it on the other marrow, bind it well up for anight. A wound salve: the lichen of hazel, and the netherward part of holly rind and githrife, pound the worts very well, mingle with butter, seethe thoroughly, skim off the foam, strain through a cloth very clean ; if the edges of the wound are too high, 1 run them round with a hot iron very lightly, so that the skin may whiten. 9. A wound salve: pound very thoroughly, gout- weed, mingle with butter, seethe thoroughly, and boil, and wring through a cloth, skim off the foam, salt it very well ; if the wound get foul, chew strailwort up- on it and yarrow. A wound salve: take ribwort and yarrow, and the netherward part of pellitory, and dock, and goose dung, and a little pitch, and honey, boil in butter, apply it to the wound, then it cleanseth and healeth. A wound salve : take yarrow and leechwort, boil in butter. 10. A salve to the end that a wound may not foul : take briar, on which hips wax, that is, dog rose, chew the rind a/nd let it d/rop on the wound, then it will not foul. A wound salve: the netherward part of meadow wort, lustmock, hove, everfern, boil in honey, add thick mashwort among them. A drink for wounds': the netherward part of everthroat, that is, carline thistle , and meadow sweet, so also the nether and up- ward part of agrimony, boil the worts in ale, barm them with yeast, that is, introduce fermentation with yeast, administer to drink. 11. A wound drink : pound small, cuckoo sour, wild cunila, 2 cockle, the netherward part of carline thistle, ashthroat, put them into cold water, rub be- tween the hands, strain through a cloth, administer to 1 Probably, if the edges are likely to coalesce, before the parts that lie deeper. * Plinius, xx. 63. VOL. IL G Digitized by Google 98 LjEOB bo c. bpincan fcenc pulne neahtnejicij. bolhbpenc jubbe mopepeapb *j upepeapb • eopop]?potan • *j ©pc )?potan nioj?opeapbe cnupa ftnale bo on peallenbe paetep jmb betpeoh hanblim aj eoh J>upb claB pele bpincan. To aelcum bolje pealp • jefomna cue mefa cu mijo)>a je- pypce to plynan }>a fpa mon fapan pypcB micelne citel pulne • mm ponne apulbop pmbe *j cepc pinbe plab^opn pmbe • *j pip pmbe • «j elm pmbe t *j holen pinbe • piJjij pmbe jeonjpe aoe* pealh pmbe • bo J?a ealle on im- celne citel jeot J?a plynan 6n pyl fpij>e lanje • bo ponne op J?a pmba pyl J?a plenan p lno fie J?icce bo fimle 6n laeppan citel fpa hio l©ppe fie • jeot on paet )?onne lno jenoh jncce fie • jeael Jionne cealcftan fpiBe y jefanma pot afipt ]>qph claB ]?one cealcftan eac on ]>a plynan fmipe rqib p bolh, Gpt pij? )?on llcan jenini hopan -j jelobpypt bpune pypt luftmocan cpop *j hapan fppeoel pyl on butepan *j ppmj J?onne op ]?a pypta bo o)ipe on • pibban • bipceoppypt jeappan at- topla)?an bo J?a on pa llcan butepan pyl ept fpiBe appmj pa op p bip job bolhpealp. .XXXVIIII. Pea lint laecebomaf pi)? aeloep cynnef omum *j 6n- peallum «j bancojriim eahta tpentij, Nim spenep mepeef leap jejmb oppe jetpipula piB ecebep bepfcan fmipe mib J?y pa papan lfcopa. \>\p omum utablejnebum riim flip molcen pypo to eealpe *j bej? mib py eealpe. UrS omum ept jenira beopbpeefta *j Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 90 drink a full draught to the tick after his nights fasting. 1 A wound drink : pound small the netherward and up- ward part of ribwort, carline thistle, and the netherward part, of ashthroat, put them into boiling water, rub between the hands, and strain through a cloth, ad- minister to drink, A salve for every wounds collect cow dung, cow stale, work up a large kettle full into a batter as a man worketh soap, then take appletree rind, and ash rind, sloethorn rind, and myrtle rind, and elm rind, and holly rind, and withy rind, and the rind of a young oak, sallow rind, put them all in a mickle kettle, pour the batter upon them, boil very long, then remove the rinds, boil the batter so that it be thick, put it ever into a less kettle as it groweth less, pour it, when it is thick enough, into a vessel, heat then a calcareous stone thoroughly, and collect some soot, and sift it through a cloth with the quiok- lime also into the batter, smear the wound therewith. Again for the same, take hove and silverweed and brown- wort, and a bunch of the flowers of “lustmock," and vipers bugloss, boil in butter and wring the worts off, and put others in, ribwort, bishopwort, yarrow, utter- lothe, put them into the same butter, boil again strongly, wring these off ; that will be a good wound salve. xxxix. 1. Here are leechdoms for erysipelatous inflammations of every sort, and fellons, and leg diseases of every sort; eight and twenty m number . 2. Take leaves of green marche, rub or bruise them with the lees of vinegar, smear with that the sore places. For erysipelas which hath broken into blains, take sour curds, work them to a chalder, and foment with the chalder. For erysipelatous inflammations again, take 1 Nefcis must be understood as nejnsum. o 2 Book I. Ch. xxxviii. Digitized by 100 L.ECE BOC. fapan *j segef p hpite *j ealbe jput leje on yip omena gefpelle. JhJ? omena gebepfce Sitte on cealbum paetepe fol. 38 a. °p P hit abeabob fie teoh Jjonne tip pleah )>onne peopep fceappan ymb J?a poccaf utan laet ypnan p fticce pe hit pille ; pypc pe pealpe puy • Nim bpune pypt *j mepfc raeap jeallan *j peabe netlan pyl on butepan fimpe mib *j be)?e mib J>am ileum pyptum. 1 V l \ l 7011 1 ^ can jenim anjoltpaeccean gejmb fpijie bo eceb to *j on binb *j fmipe mib. pip )>on llcan geriim fapnan gmb to bufte «j menj pij? humg fmipe mib. Ui8 j?on llcan jemm gebpmbbe segpu menj pi8 ele lege on *j bejw fpi8e mib betan leapum. 6ft geriim cealpep fceapn oppe ealbep hpyj?epef peapm *j lege on. 6pu yip J?on geriim heopotep fceapo)>an op pelle afcapen mib pumice *j pefe mib ecebe -j fmipe mib. Gpt jemm eopopep geallan gip pn naebbe mm o)?pep fpmep gegmb *j fmipe mib py j?aep hit fap fie. yip }>on llcan jemm fpealpan neft bpec mib ealle apej ^ gebaepn mib fceapne mA ealle gmb to bufte menj yip eceb *j fmipe mib. fol. 38 b. Jh8 J?on llcan gehaet cealb paetep mib hatan ipene *j bej?e jelome mib py. J>ip hatum omum • nim betomcan y pepmob *j pmul jmb 8n eala pebic pele him bpmcan. Pip hatum omum mm pen omppan *j J?a fmalan clatan pyl on jate meolce -j fupe. pip hatum omum riim 1 Plinins Valerianus, fol. 76, d, for eight lines. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 101 dregs of beer, and soap, and the white of an egg, and old groats, lay this on against erysipelatous swellings. Against bursting of erysipelatous inflammations, let the man sit in cold water till the sore becometh numbed, then get him up, then strike four scarifying slashes about the pocks on the outside, and let the lymph run as it will. Work thyself a salve thus : take brownwort, and marsh gall, or marsh gentian , and red nettle, boil in butter, and smear and bathe with the same worts. 3. For the same, take an earthworm, 1 rub it tho- roughly fine , add vinegar to it, bind it on and smear therewith. For the same, take savine, rub to dust, and mingle with honey and smear therewith. For*the same, take roasted eggs, mingle with oil, lay on, and foment freely with leaves of beet. Again, take a calfs sham, that is dung, or an old bullocks, still warm, and lay it on. Again for this same, take harts shavings, shaven off the fell or skin with pumice, and wash, that is macerate, with vinegar and smear therewith. Again, take a boars gall, if thou have not that , take gall of another swine, rub and smear with that where it is sore. For that ilk, take a swallows nest, break it away altogether, and burn it with its dung and all, and rub it to dust, mingle with vinegar and smear there- with. For the same, heat cold water with a hot iron, and bathe frequently with that. For hot erysipelatous humours, take betony, and wormwood, and fennel, rub them into ale, and radish with them , give the mixture to the sick man to drink. For hot erysipe- latous humours, take fen ompre, that is water dock, and the small clote, that is, cleavers, boil in goats milk and sup. Against hot erysipelatous humours, 1 Bjorn Haldorson mentions this treatment : the earthworm is called A'mumadkr (read maftkr), because erysipelas is usually cured by it ; “ his lumbricis probari et curari “ soleat, cum applicati marcescant “ et moriantur.” (On A'mumadkr.) A'ma is the Ome of the text. Book I. Ch. xxxix. Digitized by 102 LAICS BOO. hunan *j epelaftan *j alexanbpian *j betomcan *j cele* poman *j oeplicep peeb bptnoe on pine. Sealp riim ellenef blolbman *j pone cpop pyl on butepan *j ftnipe mib • jip hit pille pypfman fmipe mib aejef jeolcan opep frnipe mib py *j bpije to glebum op p hit heapb fie ppeah ponne apej *j fmipe ept mib peepe pealpe. pip hatum omum mm pmef bpsefcan menj pip hpeap eejpu *j mib pepepe fmit on *j ne ppeah eep hit hal fie. Pip feonbtim omum mm cneopholen micle eep obpum mete bsejhpam to pam bolje • *j hpypepef jeallan hums fot • bo tofomne lacna mib* pip pon lloan p ip pic • lufcmoce pa cpoppibtan Him to bape *j jebeepne to pealpe pulpef ceacan pa pmeftpan pa tep funbop iol 39 a. menj pi8 humje fmipe mib peppcne cype on leje menj ^ °p^p pi$ meoluce fupe ppy mo^jenaf nijon fupan. pip bancope p ip oman riim nisontyne fneeba eolonan nyjon ontpan enblepan peabep fecjef bo on eala bpmc micle sep ponne pu ete • *j pa eolonan ane feoS op p hio raeppe fie cnupa tofomne fmipe mib peep ut plea, bpenc pip onpeallum cymeb • pipop • coffc* mepcep peeb • ceaftep pypte feeb cnua pel bo on eala. bpenc pip onpeallum • cnua on eala oppe jefeob cele- poman heah hiolopan bifceop pypt jyppipan. bpenc pip onpeallum • fijponte • cipe • leac • pejbpeebe niopo- peapb • pyl ealle on peetpe *j jefpet mib humje. bpenc pip pon mm pa fmalan clsepep pypt mopopeapbe pyl on ealop oftfte 6n beope. bpenc pip onpealle pyl on ealoft Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 108 take horehound* and everlasting, and Alexanders, And be tony, and celandine, and charlock seed, drink them in wine. A salve ; take blooms of elder, and the crop, or bunch or umbel , boil them in butter, and smear therewith ; if it will, that is, if it shew a tendency to form ratten or pumdent matter , smear with yolk of egg; smear over with that, and dry it by gledes, or hot coals, till that it be hard, then wash away and smear again with the salve. For hot erysipelatous eruptions, take dregs of wine, mingle with raw eggs, and with a feather smudge it on, and wash not till the place be hole. For oozing erysipelatous blains, take knee holly, that is, butchers broom , much ere other meat, daily for the wound, and put together bullocks gall, honey, soot; cure therewith. For the same, that is, for the disease called fig, take for a bath that sort of “lust- mock” which beareth crops or flower bunches, and for a salve, bum a wolfs jaw, the left one, and the teeth apart, mingle with honey and smear therewith, and lay on fresh cheese, mingle the other ingredient 1 with milk, sup for three mornings nine sips. For leg disease, that is hot red blains, take nineteen snips of helenium, and nine of “ ontre,” and eleven of red sedge, put them in ale and drink much ere than thou eat; and seethe the helenium alone till that it be tender, pound together, smear therewith where the disease may be striking out. A drink for fellons; cummin, pepper, costmary, seed of marche, seed of black hellebore, pound well, put into ale. A drink or potion for fellons; pound in ale or seethe celandine, and elecampane, bishop wort, githrife. A drink for fellons ; sigsonte, onioti, leek, the nether ward part of waybroad, boil all in water and sweeten with honey. A drink for that ; take the netherward part of the small cloverwort, boil in ale or in beer. A drink for fellons; boil in ale 1 What other ingredient is not clear by the grammatical construction. Book I. Ch. xxxix. Digitized by 104 LjECE boc. JbL 39 b. fol. 40 a. pinujlan bipceoppipt heah hiolope. bpenc pip 6npealle pyl on ealaS fppinj pypt oppe on beope. bpenc ept pi8 onpealle pyl on ealap cpopleac bpeopje bpoftlan pypm pypt. bpenc pip onpealle mepce attoplape • betoce •* pube • fee; • ontpe • clare • bipceop pypt jepype on ealaft. Gpt pip onpealle jenim set: ppuman hseplenne fticcan oppe ellenne ppit pinne naman on apleah ppy pceappan on jepylle mib py blobe pone naman peopp opep eaxle oppe betpeoh peoh on ypnenbe psetep fcanb opep pone man pa pceappan aplea p eall fpi- jinbe jebo. Pi8 onpealle jepoli pox apleah op cucum pone tuxl lset hleapan apej bmb on nsepce hapa pe on. .XL. Pip poc able • onpeb hampypt • mopopeapb. • pelbmope nipepeapb onpebep empela *j papa opeppa tpejea pelb- mopan healpe lseppe ponne hampypte enupa fpiBe to fomne bo hluttop ealu p pa pypta opepftije • lset ftan- ban ppeo mht pele pcenc pulne on mopjen. bpenc pi8 poc able pyl psetep on cpoccan bo hunij on pleot fimle p pam op op p lilt nelle ma pseman • fup ponne *j bpinc opt *j jelome fpa pu hatoft maeje *j mib p f hunije fmipe psep hit utplea on pone poc ne bip pona nan teona. Sealp pip poc able pyl on butepan fmjpenan • jeappe • jyppipe peabpe netelan epop. bpenc pip poccum 1 Head beconice. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. L 105 fennel, bishop wort, elecampane. A drink for a fellon; boil in ale or in beer springwort. A drink again for a fellon ; boil in ale cropleek, penny royal, wormwort. A drink for fellons; marche, attorlothe, betony, rue, sedge, “ ontre,” dote, bishop wort, work them up in ale. Again for fellons, take, to begin, a hazel or an elder stick or spoon, write thy name thereon, cut three scores on the place , fill the name with the blood, throw it over thy shoulder or between thy thighs into run- ning water and stand over the man. Strike the scores, and do all that in silence. For fellon, catch a fox, strike off from him while quick, that is alive , the tusk, or canine toothy let the fox run away, bind it in a fawns skin, have it upon thee. xl. For pock disease , 1 use “ onred,” houseleek, the nether part of ity fieldmore, the nether part of it; of “ onred ” an equal quantity, and of the two others by half less of the fieldmore or cawot than of the houseleek, pound them thoroughly together, add so much clear ale as may mount above the worts ; let them stand three nights, administer in the morning a cup full. A drink for pock disease; boil water in a crock, add honey, skim continually the foam away till it will foam no more ; then sip and drink oft and whilom as thou hottest may, and smear with the honey where it may be breaking out into the pock, soon there will be no mischief. A salve for pock disease ; boil in butter singreen, yarrow, githrife, the crop, or flower head, of red nettle. A drink against pocks ; bishop 1 Small pox . The disease was un- known in classical medicine ; it appeared in France in 565, A.D., and in Arabia in 572, A.D. The Arabic physician liazi treats of it in a separate monograf about 923, A.D., not long before thin copy of the Leech Book was written out. Book I. Ch. xxxix. Digitized by 106 LAOS BOG. bipceop pypt • attoplapan . fppinjpypt • clatan mope- peapbe on ealaB jepopht. J7iJ> pooculn fpiBe foeal mon blob lieean *j bpincan amylte butepan bollan pulne * jip hie ufcflean telcne man poeall apej abelpan nub popne • ponne pm oBBe alop 1 * * * bpenc bpype on innan ponne ne beoB hy jefyne. pip poccutn geirfm jloppypt apyl on butepan *j ftnipe mib. . XLIs pip innan onpealle nsejlsep* hatte pypt fu))epno fio biB job to etanne pi]? innan onpelle on niht ne)*tij» PiJ? innan onpealle pyl elonan eluhtpan on ealaB bpinc liatef bollan pulne. Gpt pyptbpenc op pepmobe beto- mcan • op psepe pupan pejbpaeban bpince pela nihta. fol. 40 b. Pi]? paepe jeolpan able • hune • bifceop pypt • helbe • hope menge pa togsebepe bo selcpe jobe hanb pulle maxpypte bo to pope ambep pulne *j to ftanbaej;e byphomap • hune pepmob. Sranbsep 8 bpince bpenc op - omppan op pme «j op pmtpe • jefpete fprBe. . XL1I. 4 Op jeal able fio bip op psepe jeolpan • cymep gpeat ypel fio bip ealpa abla picufc • ponne gepeaxeB on innan unjemet psetan pip fmt tacn • p him fe lichoma eall abitepaB *j ageolpaB fpa job feoluc • him beoB unbep tunjan tulje fpeapte sebpa ypele *j him biB micje jeolu • lmt htm op limjen sebpe blob pele him opt ftypjenbne bpenc ftanbaBu jelome. 5 Pypc him Bonne 1 Alop, alnus glutinosa , has no medical properties. Probably the Alnus nigra, now Rhamnus frangula, Sppaoen, was meant by the Latin author copied. 2 Read cuna*sl®rr e » cynoghssum. 3 By 8tanb®> understand Stan- b»>bpeno, or amend thus. 1 *lKTtpos. 5 Cf. Plinius Valerianus, fol. 61 d. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 107 wort, attorlothe, springwort, the uetherward part of clote, or burdock, worked up in ale. Against pocks, a man shall freely employ bloodletting and drink melted butter, a bowl full of it : if they break out one must delve away each one of them with a thorn; and then let him drip wine or alder drink within them, then they will not be seen, or no traces will remain . Against pocks : take glovewort, boil in butter, and smear therewith. Book L Ch. xl. xli. For inward fellon, there is a southern wort hight cynoglosson, which is good to eat against inward fellon, at night fasting. Against inward fellon, boil helenium and lupins in ale, drink a bowl full of the hot infusion. Again, a wort drink from wormwood and betony, and from the rough waybroad or ptaintain, let him drink it many nights. For the yellow disorder, or jaundice, /torehound, bishop wort, tansy, earth ivy, mingle them together, of each employ a good handful, add of mash- wort, for an infusion an amber full, and for a stone bath use dithhomar, or papyrtw, horehound, and worm- wood. A stone bath; that must be, to use with a stone bath ; let the man drink a drink from ompre or sorrel , from wine and from water ; sweeten thoroughly. xlii. From gall disease, that is from the yellow jaundice, cometh great evil; it is of all diseases most powerful, when there wax within a man, unmeasured humours; these are the tokens : that the patients body all be- cometh bitter and as yellow as good silk ; and under the root of his tongue there be swart veins and perni- cious, and his urine is yellow. Let him blood from the lung vein, give him often a stirring drink, stone baths Digitized by 108 I^ffiCE BOC. fol. 41 a. fol. 41 b. ftalne bpenc op omppan on pine *j on paetpe *j on pam babe jehpilce mopjene bpince mylfce bpincan fio jebet pa bitepneppe psep jeallan. . XLIII. 1 Pip psetep bollan betonican fpilce anef peninjej- je-. paeje on peapmum psetepe juibe bpince ppy bajap ielce baej jobne bollan pulne. Gpt geriim aepc)?potan oJ >| ye pealpypte pyttpuman psep peapep peopep cuclepap pulle jebo on bollan pulne pinef fele bpincan. . XL11II. Pip canceji able p ip bite • pupe • pealt • pibbe • aej • pot • jebsepneb lam • hpaetep fmebma menj pi8 sejpu mebopypt sepeppe acpinb • apulbop pinb • plah popn pmbe • jip pe bite peaxe on men jepipc mpne cealpe *j leje on clsenpa 2 pa punbe mib. Pip cancepe 6n cypepenum psete jebsepn fpepl je- jmb to bufce fpa pu fmaloft mseje *j apipt puph cla8 menj prS ealbe fapan pie fpepl picpa bo hunijep teapep mebmicel to 8 fceape • jip to fti8 fie pnem mib py hufnje leje on jeopmen leap ponne hit halije pyl on butepan jeacep fupan *j fmjpenan *j pubupopan fnnpe mib pa oppap pmp hit peabije ljet pa o8pe pealpe clsen- fian f bolh ne bo nan paetep to. Sealp pip cancpe • jeriim cu meoluc butan paetepe lset peoppan to pletum jeppep to butepan ne paepc on paetpe. Nfm fijel- hpeoppan pa fmalan unpaepcene bo claene cnua fpi8e jemenj pel pi8 paepe butepan bo on pannan opep pyp apyl fpi8e apeoh pel puph cla8 lacna mib py. pip cancep able • ac pmb on noppan tpeope be eoppan • mebo- 1 "rdpcnlt. * Supply a point after to, not in 3 cleejna, MS. MS. Read J>»n. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 109 often. Work him then a composing drink of sorrel m Book I. • j • x , . , £ , ® , . Ch. xlii. wine and in water, and m the bath, every morning, let him drink a mulled draught; it will amend the bitterness of the gall. xliii. For dropsy, rub betony, as much as a penny weight, in warm water, let the patient drink for three days, each day, a good bowl full. Again, take of the juice of the roots of ashthroat or of dwarf elder four spoons full, put them into a bowl full of wine, give them to drink to the 'patient. xliv. 1. Against the disease cancer, that is, bite: sorrel, salt, ribwort, egg, soot, burnt loam, smede or fine flour of wheat ; mingle with eggs, meadow sweet, “ referth,” oak rind, appletree rind, sloethom rind : if the cancer wax on a man, work up some new chalder and lay on ; cleanse the wound therewith. 2. Against cancer ; bum sulfur in a copper vessel, rub it to dust, as small as thou may, and sift through a cloth, mingle with old soap, and let the sulfur pre- dominate, add a moderate quantity of virgin honey; see if it be too stiff, moisten it with the honey ; lay on a mallow leaf ; when it healeth, boil in butter cuckoo sour and singreen and woodroffe, smear therewith the borders, where it is red ; make the other salve cleanse the wound, put no water. A salve for cancer; take cows milk, without water, make it become cream, turn it to butter, wash it not in water. Take the small turnsole unwashen, make it clean, pound it thoroughly, mix it well with the butter, put it into a pan over the fire, boil it thoroughly, strain well through a cloth, cure therewith. Against disease of cancer : oak rind on the north side of the tree by the earth, and the Digitized by Googl C\ -v 110 LJECE BOO. fol. 42 a. fol. 42 b. pypt mofepeapb • aepepbe mj^epeapb • cuneglaeppe mo- Jiopeapb • bo ealpa empela jecnua to bufue • bo henne aegep f hpite to • humj bo begea empela geineng pi8 J?am bufttim claem on 8one oancep ne bo nan paetep to. .XLV. J)ip attpe bpencaf *j laecebomaf • betomcan mepee • pepmob • pinul • pebic • cnua on eala8 pele bpmcan. pi8 attpe betomcan ]?a fmalan attoplaj?an bo on halig paetep bpmc p paetep *j et J?a pypta. Ui8 aelcum attpe • pebic *j elate ete aep ne maeg pe nan man attpe apypban. pr8 aelcum attpe bipceoppypt m]?epeapb *j elehtpe • f^pmg pypt mo]?epeapb eopop]?potan • *j clatan • apyl on eala8 pele bpmcan gelome. gtf naeb- bpe plea man J?one blacan fnegl apaepc on halig paetpe pele bpmcan oppe hpaet hpega faep pe ppam fcottum come. 6ft pejbpaeban gegmb fpipe bpino on pme. Pip naebpan bite betomcan pte J>py penegaf gepege bo on ppy bollan pulle pinef pele bpmcan. pi]? naebpan bite eft jSpleape appungenu *j pi]? pin gemengeb job bi]? to bpmeanne. Vi]> naebpan bite eft celepome jetpifulabe bpince 6n neaht neptij • III. bollan fulle, pip naebpan pleje fppmjpypt • atoplafan • eopopppotan • bipceoppypt pype to bpence, pip J?on j?e mon Jncge atop • gemm p& hapan hunan jepype micelne bael *j naebeppypte cnua tojaebepe *j ppmg $ reap bo pinef )>pie met on pele bpmcan. pip naebpan phte ntm pegbpaeban • ajpimoman • naebbep pypt pele jejmbene 6n pme bpmcan • *j pype pealf e op JtfJm ileum pyptum * *j ntm ]>a ajpimoman Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. Ill netherward part of meadow sweet, the netherward part Book !• of “ aeferthe,” the netherward part of cynoglosson, em- 1 ' ploy of all equal quantities, pound to dust, add thereto the white of a hens egg, and honey, employ equal quantities of the two, mingle with the dusts, clam or make it cling on the cancer, put no water to it. xlv. 1. Drinks or potions and leechdoms against poison. Pound in ale betony, marche, wormwood, fennel, radish ; administer this to drink. Against poison ; put in holy water betony and the small atterlothe, drink the water and eat the worts. Against any poison • eat ere the danger cometh radish and clote 5 no man may then do thee a mischief with poison. Against any poison ; boil the netherward part of bishopwort and lupin, and the netherward part of springwort, everthroat, and dote in ale ; give to drink frequently. If an adder strike a man, or for whatever of that which cometh of shots, wash the black snail in holy water, give to the sick to drink. Again, rub waybroad thoroughly fine , drink it in wine. For bite of snake, put so much of betony as may weigh three pennies into three bowls full of wine, give it the man to drink. 2. For bite of snake again ; dnqfoil wrung and min- gled with wine is good to drink. For bite of snake again; celandine bruised, at night fasting, let the mom drink three bowls fall. For adders wound, work eu- forbia, attorlothe, stemless earline, ammi, into a drink. 8. In case a man swallow poison, take then hore- hound, work up a mickle deal of it, and adderwort, pound them together and wring the juice, pour thereon three measures of wine and give this to the poisoned man to drink. For hurt from snake ; take waybroad, and agrimony, and adderwort, administer them rubbed vp in wine to be drunk ; and work up a salve of the Digitized by Google 112 LJSCE boo. jepypc anne hpmj ymb J>one plite utan ne opepftihb hit jrupJ>°p. • *j bmb J>a pypte eft op ep p bolh. pip nsebpan pleje bo op Jnnlim eapan p teopo *j fmipe mib ymb «j fmj }ipipa J?sep haljan See Iohannep jebeb *j jealbop. beup meup et patep et piliup et fpipitup Sanctup. Cui omnia pubiecta funt. Cui omnip epeatupa be- Sepuit et omnip poteptap pubiecta eSt et metuit et expauepcit et bpaco pujit et fiht uipepa et pubeta ilia que bicitup pana quieta toppepcit et pcoppiuS ex- •phalangiusAL tmjuitup et pejulup umcitup et fpelaiup a nihil noxium opepatup et omnia uenenata et abhuc pepociopa pepen- tia 1 et ammalia noxia te uepentup 2 et omnep abueppe Saluti 8 humane pabieep apepeunt. Tu bomine extinjue hoc uenenatum uipuf extinjue opepatjonef eiuf mopti- pepaf et uipef quaf In pe habet euacua et ba In con- fpectu tuo omnibuf quof tu epeafq • oculof ut uibeant aupep ut aubiant cop ut majmtubinem tuam Intelle- fol. 43 a. jant * 4 et cum hoc bixippet totum femet jpfum fijno cpucip apmauit et bibit totum quob epat In cahce • pep pijnum Sancte cpucif • et pep te xpe lhu et 5 beo ffimmo patpe uiuiS faluatop munbi In imitate fpipitup Sancti pep omnia Saecula Saeculopum amen ; pip pleogenbum atpe aelcum setepnum fpile • on ppijebeeje ajipep butepan pe fie jemolcen op anep bleop nytne oftbe hinbe • *j ne fie pij? paetpe jemenjeb • apm j opep nijon fijriim letama • nijon pi)?um patep noptep • *j nijon fij?ura Jnp jealbop • Acpse • sepepse • sepnem • nabpe • sepeuna hel • sepnem • mj?sepn • aep • afan • buijnne • abcpice • sepnem • meobpe • sepnem • sejjepn • sepnem • allu • honop • ucuf • ibap • abcept • cunolapi • paticamo • helse • leap xpita • hsele • tobsept tepa • f ueh • cui’ • pobatep • plana • uih • p beah to From the legendary Aesumptio sci Iohannis apostoli. 1 pepentje, MS. * tenebantup, MS. 8 abuerre SalutiS, MSS. 4 -Sunt, MS. s Supply cum. This doxology is an addition, not in the legend. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 113 same worts, and then take agrimony, form a ring around Book I. the incision on the outside, the mischief will proceed no Ch xlr ' further, and bind the wort also over the sore. For stroke of viper, remove from thine ears the wax and smear around therewith, and say thrice the prayer of Saint John. 4. Dominus meus et pater et filius et spiritus sanctus ; cui omnia subiecta sunt; cui omnis creatura deservit et omnis potestas subiecta est ct metuit et expavescit ; et draco fugit, et silet vipera, et rubeta ilia qua? dicitur rana quieta torpescit, et scorpius extinguitur et regulus the hasilisc vincitur et pe pipe feopon fnseba *j nijon pipopcopn • ppibban pipe nijon fiueba *j XI. pipopcopn. bptnc pippan fprSne bpenc pepe pille tip ypnan *j op bune • lset ponne blob unbep ancleop. 1 Read Pupe ? 3 At morning twilight. - That is, feb ; the MSS. usually 4 Some words are here, it seems, set. omitted. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 117 xlvii. 1. Leeckdoms for “dry” diseases; 8 - asli rind, aspen rind, elm rind, quickbeam rind, the netkerward part of tke mickle highway nettle, wormwood, kindkeal, that is, water agrimony , empurple all tke rinds on tke outside, and pound tkem thoroughly, boil them together, apply equal quantities of all, souse them with clear ale, then let the drink stand for the space of a night in a vessel, before a man shall choose to drink it. Let him in the morning drink a cup full of this drink; in the middle of the morning hours, 1 let him stand towards the east, let him address himself to God earnestly, and let him sign himself with the sign of the cross, let him also turn himself about as the sun goeth from east to south and west; after the drink let him next go and stand some while ere he repose himself; let him pour as much liquid into the vessel as he removes from it : let him drink this potion for nine nights and eat what meat he will. A drink for the “dry” disease ; delve about sour ompre, that is, sorrel dock , sing thrice the Pater noster, jerk it up, then while thou sayest sed libera nos a mak), take five slices of it and seven pepper corns, bray them together, and while thou be working it, sing twelve times the psalm Miserere mei, deus, and Gloria in excelsis deo, and the Pater noster, then pour the stuff all over with wine, when day and night divide, then drink the dose and wrap thyself up warm. Then take hindlieal alone, souse it with water, drink the next morning a cup full, then the next time seven slices and nine pepper corns, the third time nine slices and eleven pepper corns; afterwards drink a strong potion which will run up and adown ; 9 then let blood below the ancle. Book I. Ch. xlvii. • See Glos- sary. 1 This should be read as be- j o’clock. 'The middle will be about ginning the morning at dawn, and i seven on the average, ending it at unbepn, our nine | 2 Purgative and emetic. Digitized by Google 118 LJ 2 CE BOC. bpenc pij? jieopable ninxe healp pubu *j bulentpan )>a fmalan • J?unoji pyjit ♦ pubupeaxan moj?opeapb • pealpypt nioj?opeapbe jecnua ]?onne ealle topomne pypce him to bpence bo on pylifc ealo • oppe on beop last fcanban nihtepne • bpince j?onne fpilcne nijon mopjenaf • mine py teo)?an rnopjne j?sep bpincef tpa bleba pulle • bepylle on ane pa pypta fien nnb apeoh ]>uph claj? apete lip ]?88p hit eop]?an hpinan ne mavje op p hit mon bpincan maBje ; 1 ]?onne ]?u hit 2 jebpuncen haebbe be- fol. 45 a. ppeoli j?e peapme lije on pa fiban pe he ]?onne jetenje fie • jip he 8 on ]>am inno]?e bi8 ]>onne abpipS hine pei bjnnc ut. Sealp pip )?eope mm japleac *j jpeate pypt • pepmob leabe 4 netlan ciS jecnua finale hiopot fmepu jemanj p hit fie fpilc fpa bah bo ]?onne on lmenne elaS pypme J?onne jehpaejiep je p lie je pa pealpe to pype jTonne pn hit fmypian pille J?sep fio abl fie pylje him mib )?ippe fealpe *j mib pyy 6 bpence. bpenc pij? peopable bjuje pejimob • pebic pealpypt ealpa jipeopa em pela bo on ealu jmb pel laete set sepeftan ftanban )>peo mht sep J?on he hme bpmee • pi)?j?an he hme bpince ymb feopon mht popleete blob unbep J>am an- cleope bpince pop)? j?one bpenc peopeptyne mht • laete ponne ept blob unbep )>am o]?pan ancleope. bpince eallep pone bpenc Jjpiti; mhta on unbepn jobe blebe pulle o)?pe )?onne )?u peftan pille. J}ip )?eoppypme on pet mm pa peaban netlan geenua bo psetep to lege on fol 45 b. hatne ftan lset appeo]?an binb on J?one pot neahtepne. 6pt pealp tetan jeenua lege on. ]hp peope on pet gegmb pealpypt on gefpet pin • *j hpitcpubu pipoji bpince p. * n»5e, MS. j 4 This word seems corrupt ; per- - hr-, MS. haps jieabe ; red nettle , a plant 3 The only antecedent abl onght of it, to be followed by feminine pro- 5 hyp, MS., understand as hyp urn. nouns. I Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 119 2. A drink against the “dry” disease; take field ( ^ t 00 ^‘ i balm a and the small bulentse, thunderwort, b the nether. Calamintha part of woodwax, the netherward part of wallwort, nepeta. then pound all together, work it for him (the patient) for a drink, put it into foreign ale or beer, let it stand for the space of a night, then let him drink such drink for nine mornings, take on the tenth morn- ing two cups full of the drink, boil them both in one, and let the worts be therewith, strain through a cloth, set it up where it may not touch the earth, till that a man may drink it; when thou have drunken it, wrap thee up warm; lie on the side to which the pain is incident, if it be in the inwards, then this drink will drive it out. A salve against the “dry” disease ; take garlic and great wort, wormwood, a plant of net- tle, pound- small, and along with it harts grease, that it may be such as dough is, place it then on a linen cloth, then warm both the body and the salve at the fire ; when thou wilt smear the body or the spot where the disease may be, follow up the patient with this salve and with this drink. A drink for the “dry” disease; dry wormwood, radish, wallwort, c of all these equal c Sambucus quantities, put into ale, rub the herbs down well, the man should have the liquid stand at first for three nights before he drink it, and subsequently let liim drink it for about seven nights, let him let blood under the ancle, let him drink the drink straight on for fourteen nights; let him next let blood under the other ancle. Drink the dose for thirty nights in all, a good cup full at nine A.M. or when thou wilt go to bed. For a “dry” worm in the foot; take the red nettle, pound it, add water to it, lay it on a hot stone, make it froth, bind it on the foot for the space of a night. Again, a salve ; pound oats, lay on. For the “dry” rot in the foot, triturate wallwort into sweet- ened wine, and mastic and pepper ; let him drink that* Digitized by Google 120 LiECE BOC. fol. 4G a. 0 Z\fuvBfs. Oxa hep be Jnpne lsecebom • jenime pealpypt *j clup- Jmnj cneopholen epelaptan camecon tunjilpm- pypt • vim. bjiune bipceop pypt • *j attopla)?an *j peabe netlan • peabe hopan pepmob *j jeappan • hunan *j boljpunan • *j bpeopje bpofclan bo ealle )?ap pypta on pylipc ealo *j bpince }?onne nijon bajaf *j blob lsete. Jh\> )?eop peepce pypc to bpence alexanbpe • finpulle pejnnob . tpa cneopholen • paluian • fapme • pealmope ■ lupeftice • pepep puje • mepce • coft • japleac • sepc- jpotu • betonice • bifceop pypc • on tpybpopntim ealab jepypce fpet mib hunije bpinc nijon mopjenaf nanne oJ?epne pgetan bpmc septep fpi)me bpenc y leet blob oxa lsepbe jnfne leecebom. yip peojie cneopholen nipe- peajib • acumba • cpib • bpune pypt ealpa empela bo on pilifc ealu • bepyl o)? ]>pibban bael «j bpince p& hpile )?a he Jmppe • Jraep fio abl jefitte pylje him fimle mib tije hopne op p hal fie. .XLVIII. 1 J)ip j?anv pyp mumj^e innan ejlab J>am men • jenim pejbpseban jetpipula p peap pele on cnclepe fupan *j ]>a pypt pelpe fpa jecnupabe leje on J?one napolan. J?ib cilba mnopep pypmum • jemm jpene mintan senne jelm jebo on ppy peptpaf pretepef peob op Jpibban bsel apeoh ]>onne pele bpincan. pib cilba mnoj? fape bpcopje bpofcle • cymen jemm jebeat jemenje yip pietep leje opep bone napolan fona bib hal. Vib pypmum pe innan ejlab • jeaelbep heojitep hopnep ahfan obbe bulk 1 Herb. Apul., ii. 10. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 121 3. Oxa taught us this leechdom : take wallwort, and Book I. doffing, and kneeholn, and everlasting, and cammock, 1 Ch * xlvli * and white hellebore, in the proportion of nine to one, brown wort, bishopwort, and atterlothe, and red nettle, and red hove, and wormwood, and yarrow, and hore - hound, and pellitory, and pennyroyal, put all these worts into foreign ale, and then let the man drink for nine days and let blood. For the “dry” pain; make* into a drink, alexanders, sedum, wormwood, the two kneeholns, 1 2 * sage, savine, carrot, lovage, feverfue, marche, costmary, garlic, ashthroat, betony, bishopwort, work them up into double brewed ale, sweeten with honey, drink for nine mornings no other liquid ; drink afterwards a strong potion, and let blood. Oxa taught this leech- dom. Against “dry” rot; put into foreign ale, the netherward part of kneeholn, tow, 8 matricaria (?), and brownwort, of all equal quantities; boil down to one third part, and let the patient drink while he may require it; and where the disease has settled, follow him up ever with the drawing horn 4 till the place be hole. xlviii. Against the worms which ail men within ; take intestinal waybroad, triturate it, and give the juice in a spoon worms, to sup, and lay the wort itself, so pounded, on the navel. Against worms of the inwards of children ; take green mint, a handful of it, put it into three sextariuses of water, seethe it down to one third part, strain, then give to drink. For inward sore of chil- dren take pennyroyal and cummin, beat them up, mingle them with water, lay them over the navel, soon it will be whole. Against worms which ail a man 1 Peucedanum officinale . 2 Only Ruecus aculeatus grows wild in England. There are three others. * Understand as reduced to ashes. See note on L xxxiii. 1. 4 Cupping glass. Digitized by r Google 122 LJECE boc. fol. 46 b. Marcellus, 374, c. Marcellus, 374, a. ' AoKCLpl$, fol. 47 a. jemenj pib hunij jefmipe mib pone bsecpeapm *j pone napolan mib py ponne peallaC hie. 1 ]?i8 pypmum pe mnan ejlaft jetpipolab 2 cofc to bufte • jebo jobne bsel in hat paetep pele bpincan. 3 Pip P/pnium ept jate topb heapb «j fpi$e bpijc je- menj jejmb pip hunij pele bpincan past abpipp lne apej. P 1 ® pypmum pe mnan ejla‘8 ept jiebic feoS on pajtjie op pone pjubban bael menje pip pin pele bpincan. 6pt pip pon jate jeallan jebo on pulle leje binb on pone napolan. pip pon llcan • mtntan pel jetpipulabe menj pip hunij pypc to lytlum clipene lset popfpeljan. 6pt ele ecebep em micel jemenjeb pele ppy bajap bpincan. Gpt eopopppote • mepce • betonice • nepte • jiftcopn pyl on pine. pip pypmum pe mnan ejlaS pyptbpenc op ontpan • op pelbmopan fele bpincan* Sealp • ete ccleponian • bpuncpypt aj>ylie on mopobe • bo ponne lcip teapo fpepl to fmipe mib. .XLVIIII. Pip pam fmalan pypme. pipepinban tpij p opepeapb • •j pa pealpan boccan nsep pa jieaban • pip jpeate pealt jebeaten tojaebepe fpibe finale ^ lytel butepan. .L. Vip lionb pypmum *j heap pypmum • jemm boccan obbe clatan pa pe fpimman polbe pa pypttpuman menj pi8 pletan *j pi8 pealt lcet ftanban ppeo mht py peoppan baeje fmipe mib pa japan fuopa. 1 Plinius Valerianus, ut infra. 8 Plinius Valerianus, fol. 44, c. 2 Read gecjnyola. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 123 within; mingle with honey, ashes or dust of burnt harts horn, smear therewith the fundament and the navel, then they fall away. For worms which ail within; triturate costmary to dust, put a good deal into hot water, give to drink. 2. For worms again; mingle and rub up with honey a hard and very dry goats tord, administer it to be drunk, that will drive them away. Against worms which ail a man within, again ; seethe in water radish to the third part, mingle with wine, give to drink. Again for that ; put goats gall on wool, lay and bind it on the navel. For that ilk ; mingle with honey, mint well triturated, work it into a little bolus, make him swallow it. Again, give for three days to drink oil and of vinegar an equal quantity. Again, everthroat, 1 * * marche, betony, nepeta, githcom ; boil them in wine ; For worms winch are troublesome within; give to drink a wort drink of “ outre ” and of parsnip. A salve ; let him eat celandine ; let him boil brownwort in inspissated wine, then add thereto ship tar and sulfur; smear therewith. xlix. For the small worm ; the forepart of a twig of Hair worn. . withewind, and the fallow dock, a not the red one, a Rumex wart- and this coarse salt beaten together very small and a paiustris. little butter. 1 . 1. For hand worms 8 and dew worms ; take dock or clote, such as would swim, mingle the roots with cream and with salt, let it stand for three nights, and on the fourth day smear therewith the sore places. 1 Carlinu acuulis. - Some Gl. make gad flies tlie band worms ; are they rather here Kuplat = taeniae ? tape worms , worms like ribands or tapes ; read as X€iplcu. Digitized by Google 124 LjECE BOC. gtp pypm hanb ete • jenSm mepfc meap jeallan *j peabe netlan «j peabe boccan frmele clipan pyl on cu butepan ponne fio pealp jefoben fie puppum mm ponne pealtep ppy men fceab on hpep tofomne • *j fmipe mib • lyppe mib fapan ymb mht fmipe mib. pip beappypme ibaeppe on hat col cele mib psetpe fbaeppe on fpa hat fpa he hatoft maeje. ]hS beappypme • fume mmab peapm cpeab monnef pynne binbab neahtepne on • fume fpinef lunjenne peapme. pip honb pypme Nim fcipteapo ■ *j fpepl *j pipop • hpit pealt menj uoSomne fmijie nnb. peax pealp pip pypme • peax pealp • butepe pipop hptt pealt menj tofomne fmijie mib. .LI. Pip pypmum 1 pe mannep phepc etab jiam jeallan pone pajan cnua on mpe ealo sep pon hit apipen fie fol. 47 b. pele f opeji pyllo bpincan ppeo mht. 6pt jeriim jpunbe fpeljean pe on eoppan peaxep *j fceapep fmepu menj tofomne jelice pela leje on. 6pt jemm bepen eap befenj leje on fpa hat *j hat pa^tep lapa on. pip pltepc pypmum jemm monnep fupan pa leap jepel tojsebpe jebpaeb on jaepfe jecnua ponne leje on fpa pu hatoft maeje apsepnan. . LII. Pip luffim acpmb lipon pepmob jecnua on ealu pele bjuncan. Uib lufum epic peolpoji *j ealb butepe an pemnj peolppep • y tu peninj p« 3 je butepan menj on appset eal toSomne. 1 4>6ttplaeis? Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. T. 125 \ 2. If a worm eat the hand ; take marsh maregall a Book I. and red nettle, and red dock, and the small bur, boil , in cows butter; when the salve is sodden, then further pneummanthe. take of salt three parts, shed thereupon, shake together, and smear therewith ; lather with soap, about night time smear therewith. Against a dew worm; let the man step upon a hot coal, let him cool the foot with water ; let him step upon it as hot as he hottest may. For a dew worm, some take warm thin ordure of man, they bind it on for the space of a night; some take a swines lung warm. Against a hand worm ; take ship tar, and sulfur, and pepper, and white salt, mingle them together, smear therewith. A wax salve against a worm ; a wax salve ; butter, pepper, white salt, mingle them together, smear therewith. li. Against worms which eat a mans flesh; pound into new ale, before it be strained, the party coloured ram gall, 1 give the running over to drink for three nights. Again, take groundsel which waxeth on the earth, and sheeps grease, mingle them together, alike much in quantity , lay on. Again, take an ear of beer or bar - ley , singe it, lay it on so hot, and hot water, leave it on. Against flesh worms; take mans sorrel, boil the leaves together, spread them out on the grass, then pound them, lay them on, as thou hottest may endure them, lii. Against lice ; pound in ale oak rind and a little wormwood, give to the lousy one to drink. Against lice; quicksilver and old butter; one pennyweight of yuic&silver and two of butter; mingle all together in a brazen vessel. 1 Menyanthe* trifoliata. Digitized by Google 126 LiECE boo. . LIIT. Vx6 fmeja pypme nipe cype *j beobpeab *j hpsetenne lilap ete. 6pt monnep lieapob ban btepn to ahpan bo mib pipan on. . LIIII. Pip pypmsettim bee *j cpelbehtum acpinbe buft • mpepmbe buft: • ellen pmbe buft on noppan neopan foi. 48 a. pam tpeope* eolonan mopan buft* boccan mopan buft* pypm acmelupep buft pipopef buft fijlan buft • fpeplep buft * ele • hoppep fmepu to pope pcipteajiof Isefc • pippa ealpa empela papa bufca ealpa empela jemenj eal cealb topomne $ hit ppam }>am pofum eal pel fmitenbe fmipe mib on mht on mopjen aleppe. .LV. Pip aplejenum lice • bpom • peltepe • jeappe • hope • pyl on butepan on bun 1 fmipe mib. .LVI. Vypc bsep pip aplejenum lice • jeriim micle peapn niopopeapb • elm pmbe jpene jeenua tofomne *j meb- bjiofna bo to psetan jmb fpibe tofomne leje 6n lanje bpile op f be peapm fie oppe onftaeppe. Pip aplejenum lice pealp eolone fpibe jefoben mbepeapb homoppecj *j ealb fpic enua eal topomne pypm puph clab to pype fmipe mib • pceappa ponne fimle ymb .vii. mht pete hopn on pa openan pceappan 1 Here an erasure occurs, as if hunige had been meant, but not filled in. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. X. 127 liii. Bookl. On. llll. Against a boring worm ; let the man eat new cheese and beebread and wheaten loaf. Again, bum to ashes a mans head bone or shell, put it on with a pipe. liv. For a wormeaten and mortified body; dust of oak rind, dust of ash rind, dust of elder rind, taken on the north of the tree, and the nether part, warm, dust of the root of helenium, dust of root of dock, dust of acorn meal, peppers dust, dust of rye, sulfurs dust, oil, and horses grease for a liquid, and the least propor- tion of ship tar, of all these equal quantities, and of all the dusts equally much; mingle all cold together, so that by means of the liquids may be all well smudg- ing, or thoroughly unctuous , smear therewith at night, and in the morning lather. lv. For slain, that is, stricken, body, broom, fel terras* a Erythraa yarrow, hove, boil these in butter and in honey, smear centvareum - therewith. lvi. 1. Work a fomentation for a stricken body; take the mickle fern, b the netherward part, and elm rind 1 'AapUUum green, pound them together, and for a liquor add meacr dregs, rub them up thoroughly together, lay on for a long while, till that the sufferer be warm or walk about. 2. For a stricken body, a salve; helenium thoroughly sodden, and the netherward part of hammersedge, and old lard, pound all together, warm through a cloth at the fire, smear therewith ; then scarify continually about the bruise for seven nights, set a horn 1 upon 1 A cupping horn. Digitized by Google 128 LiECE BOC. foi. 48 b. fmijie mib Jrcepe blacan pealpe fpa mht fpa tpa fpa ]>eapp fie *j hy opene pynb. . LV II. ivicn. Pip pice bpenc *j pealp • pypm pypt pylle on meolce bpmce. Sealp cnua jlaep co bufte bo humjep reap 6n lacna p bolj mib. . LVIIT. To penpealpe *j pen bylfim • pypc hie op mo),opeapbpe netlan *j op hemlice y op j?®pe clupihcan penpypte *j op J>tepe fmalan moppypte pyl ealle peopep on bntepan •j on pceapep fraeppe opp jenoh pie jecnua ept pa llcan pypta on ]>sepe pealpe «j peip teapo jajileac *j cpopleac *j pecjleac pealc mens pel bo on claS pypm ro pype fprSe 1 fmipe mib. Penpealp ontpe cejipan peabe netlan pepmob • tpa penpypta • ellen pmb? • pejbpsebe • fupan • bipceop pypt • bulot mbepeapb • fmepe pypt; • peak • pcipteapo • *j pceapen fmepa. pij? pen byle Nim cpopleac • ontpe • fol. 49 a. eolone • clupehte penpypt • jecnua ealle j?a p/pta fpij>e pel leje on. Penpealp hiopotep meaph • ipij teapo *j jebeaten pipop *j fop teapo. 2 [piJ? pa, blacan blejene fyle pa,m men etan tpejen epoppaf o66e J>py op Jpsepe pypte pe man on J>peo pifan hate^S myxenplante.] 1 fjntt, MS. In themargin, in a different and later hand. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 129 the open scarifications, smear with the black salve, be Book I. it for a night, be it for two, as need be, and as they Ch,i be open. lvii. For the disease called fig, a drink and a salve; let him boil wormwort in milk and drink it. A salve ; pound glass to dust, add a drop of honey, leech the wound therewith. lviii. 1. For a wen salve and for wen boils ; work the salve of the netherward part of nettle and of hemlock, and of the wen wort which has cloves or bulbed roots* and • Probably of the small moor wort, boil all four in butter and sheeps grease till there be enough, pound again the same worts in the salve, and ship tar, and garlic, and cropleek, and sedgeleek, b and salt, mingle well, put b Allium on a cloth, warm thoroughly at the fire, smear there- ^ticmoprasum. with. 2. A salve for wens ; ontre, cress, red nettle, worm- wood, the two wenworts, elder rind, waybroad, sorrel, bishopwort, the nether part of bulot, smearwort, salt, ship tar, 1 and sheeps grease. For a wen boil ; take cropleek, ontre, helenium, the clove rooted wenwort, pound all the worts thoroughly well, lay the stuff on. 3. A wen salve ; harts marrow, ivy tar, and beaten pepper, and ship tar. 4. [Against the black blain, give to the man to eat two bunches or three off the wort, which is called in three ways, the mixen plant. 8 ] 1 Pix navalis is occasioDaUy prescribed by the medical authors, as Nic. Myreps, 481, c., in the Medics Artis Principes. 2 Atropa belladonna. VOL. II. I Digitized by Google 130 LMCE BOC. LVini. 1 J)ip 1 fyt able • nim pcenc jmlne peallenbef psetepef ojrejine elep • *j hpitep pealtep fpilc fpa maege mib peo- pep pingpum gemman • hpep togaebepe op p hit eall on an fie. bpmc eall be bpopan pefc hpile fting pingep on ciolan afpip 2 ept eall *j ma gtp Jm maeje • ]?onne on morgen poplaet blob op eapme • o88e op fpeopan fpa maept apaepnan maeje • *j pceappije • *j hpon onfette opep eall fmipe )?onne mib hatan ele *j him aeghpaet pealtep beop je • bpuoe glaebenan *j eopoppeapnep uppe 6n tpeope *j mib hnepce pulle opep ppi8e ealle J?a fceappan ponne hie lien gefmypebe. J7i)? neupipne banpypt bo on fupe pletan *j on humj aegep jeola menj tofomne fmipe mib. 6pt penpypmaf cnua bo on. .LX. PiS bpyne pypc pealpe • geriim gate topb *j hpsete fol. 49 b. healm gebaepn to bufte gemeng butu pip butepan bo on pannan opep pyp apyl fprSe pel apeoh jmph claS fmipe mib. J7iJ? bpyne geriim pmulep mj?epeapbep gebeat pi8 ealbne pypele lege on. 6pt jenfm hhan *j geappan pyl on butepan fmipe mib. Jh]> pon llcan pylle pibban on butepan fmipe mib. Pi p J?on llcan pylle geappan on butepan fmipe mib. pip J?on llcan pylle cottfic on pceapep fmeppe *j attoplaj?an eopoppeapn bo on humg o88e on peax. pip Jxm bo aegep p hpite on gelome. 1 II apd\vais. 2 afpipe, as third person better. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK I. 131 lix. Against palsy; take a cup full of boiling water, another of oil, and of white salt so much as one may pick up with four fingers ; shake together till that it be all one : drink all this by drops, rest awhile, poke thy finger into the gullet, spew up again all and more if thou 1 may ; then in the morning let blood from the arm or from the neck, as much as he 1 may bear ; and scarify and let him put something on, then after all smear with hot oil and let him taste a trifle of salt; employ gladden and everfem picked high up on the tree, and cover over with nesh wool all the scarifica- tions when they have been smeared. Against “neu- risn” put bone wort into sour cream, and into honey, mingle together with this the yolk of an egg, smear therewith. Again, pound up earthworms, apply them. lx. 1. Against a bum work a salve; take goats tord and halm of wheat, bum them to dust, mingle both with butter, put into a pan over the fire, boil thoroughly well, strain through a cloth, smear therewith. 2. For a bum, take some of the netherward part of fennel, beat it up with old grease, and lay on. Again, take lilly and yarrow, boil them in butter, smear therewith. For the same, boil ribwort in butter and smear therewith. 3. For that ilk, boil yarrow in butter, smear there- with. 4. For that ilk, boil mallow in sheeps grease, and attorlothe, and everfem, put them into honey or into wax. For that same , put the white of an egg on frequently. 1 The careless use of pronouns belongs to the text. I 2 Book I. Ch. lix. Digitized by Google 132 LiECE boc. Pip bjiyne pab gecnua pyl on butepan fmipe raib. . LXI. 1 Pi]? I18 psepce cnua I18 pypt pi8 hum je o)?J?e ceop *j lege on. Gpu pulpep heapob ban bsepn fpiSe *j gecnua finale apyjrc )?uph cla8 bo on p bolg. PiS hj? psejice cnua pepmob pip teoppe *j pencepfan apprng p feap op meng tofomne claem on p I18 pe paep fap pie gebmb paepte on. pip I18 peape gelob pypt • bpune pypt • *j hape pypt lytelu optoft peaxep on rune hsep8 fbl. so a. hpite blofcman gecnua 8a ]?peo pypta gemenge p bip gob pealp. CQanegum men li8 peau pyh8 1 2 gepping seplej* feap on *j hopnep fceapo]?an fpi8e fmale gepceap cpim on p bolh innan bo p op *j fimle nipe on. pip li8 feape lippypt hunbep heapob gebaepne *j gecnupige *j gebpaebebne leppel • meng p eall tofomne bo p on. 6pt genim fupne aeppel gebpaeb *j lege on • bo gput on upan pone seppel :• pip li8 peape • genim magepan meng pi8 hunig bo on p bolg *j binb psefte. pip peape genim Scpinbe bpige •j pipe to fmebman *j plahpopn pinbe niopopeapbe fypt 1 *Ap$ptrts. 8 Subluvium. We find the out- flowing of the Rynovia an object of legal enactment. See Alfreds | Dooms, p. 42. art. 53. “ Si quis in j “ humero plagietur ut glutinum I “ compagum effluat:” Laws, Henry I., p. 265. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 133 5. For a bum, pound up woad, boil it in butter, BookL smear therewith. lxi. 1. Against racking pain in the joints, pound lith- wort with honey, or chew it and lay it on. Again, bum thoroughly the head bone or skull of a wolf and pound it small, sift it through a cloth, put it on the wound. Against pain in the joints, pound wormwood with tar and fen cress, wring out the juice, mingle together, stick the residue upon the joint where the sore is, bind it on fast. For the synovia of the joints, silverweed, brownwort, and the little harewort, 1 it oftenest waxeth in a garden, it hath white blossoms, pound the three worts, mingle fhem, that is a good salve. With many men the synovia of the joints oozeth out, 2 wring on the spot the juice of an apple, and shave very small some shavings of horn, crumble them on the wound within it, remove that and ever apply the same anew. For the synovia of the joints, bum litli- wort, a houndshead, and pound them up with roasted * Samhucus apple ; mingle all that together, apply it. Again, take e **' a sour apple, roast and lay it on ; apply groats over above the apple. 2. For the synovia of the joints, take maythe, mingle it with honey, apply it to the wound and bind it fast. For the secretion of the joints , take oak rind and dry it and work it to a fine flour or smede, and further sloethom rind, the netherward part of it, sift them 1 Lepidivm? • “ Tunc articuli tumentes inflau- “ tur, ac deinde durescunt et soli- “ dati saxeam faciunt qualitatcm ; M turn etiam nigriores efficiuntur, “ atquc contorti, ut in obliquas “ partes digiti vertantur, ant reflexi “ supinentur, aut vicinis adfixi in- “ cumbant, et aliquando humore “ purulento vel mucilento collecto, “ aut viscoso, generent poros, quos “ nos transitus dicere poterimus.” — Delius Aurelianus, about A.D. 230, Chron. lib. v. cap. 2. Digitized by Google 134 LJSCE BOC. pa, J?ujih daft *j fceab on p bolj. piS I18 peape • jenim cetelhpfim *j bepenhealm jebaepn *j jmb tojcebepe *j fcab on. gif lijmle utypne jeriim mepce mo]?opeapbne *j humj *j hpaetenef melupep finebman *j picjjan Innel 1 bejmb tofomne leje on. 6ft jeriim mebopypte moj?o- peapbe jecnua fmale menj pij? hunije leje on J?8et jebatob fie. glp li)mle Utypne jenim eceb *j fupe cpuman bepe- nep hlapep *j penpypmap menj 2 toSomne bmb on paet p lij? mib ecebe oppe mib fupan ealaft. gip lijmle fitypne • jemm pepmob *j jecnua bo on teopo claem on *j bmb 6n paepte. * . LXII. 8 J)ip pepep able* elehtpan • jy}?pipe • pejbpaebe jecnua on ealu ltet ftanban tpa mht pele bpincan. J hp peppe ept betomcan bpince fpifie • *j ete J?peo fnaeba. 6pt bpinc on hlutcptim ealaS pepmob • jy];pipan • betomcan • bipceoppypt • pen minte • bojen • fio clupihte • pen- pypt • mappubie • bpince ]?pitij baja. bpenc pip }*>n • betomcan • fppmjpypt attoplafte • bepbme • eopopJ?pote . hunbeptunje » bpeopje bpoftle • pepmob. JWS J>pibban baejep peppe on peapmum paetpe bpmce betomcan tyn popan Jx)nne to pille. pifi peo^J?an baejep peppe bpince pejbpasban feap on fpetum paetpe tpam tibum aep him fe pepep to pille. Jhp aelcep baejef pepepe bpince on cealbdm paetepe betomcan bufuep p aenne pemnj jepeje • oJ?ep fpilc pejbpaeban. J hp peppe ept hylpft fynbpijo mapubie to bpincanne. yip lencten able pepmob eopop J?pote • elehtpe • pej- bpaebe • pibbe • ceppille • attoplaSe • pepeppuje • alex- anbpe • bipceoppypt • lupeftice • Saluie • capptic pypc to 1 Read Inneljre ? 8 UvptTSs, Febris. 2 men, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 135 through a cloth, and shed that on the wound. For synovia of the joints, take kettle soot and barley halm, bum and rub them together, and shed on. If the synovia run out, take the netherward part of march© and honey, and the smede of wheaten meal, and the bowels of an ear wig, rub them together, and lay on. Again, take the netherward part of meadowwort, pound it small, mingle with honey, lay on till it be mended. 3. If the synovia run out, take vinegar and sour crumbs of a barley loaf, and earthworms, mingle to- gether, and bind on ; wet the joint with vinegar or with sour ale. If the synovia run out, take worm- wood and pound it, put it on tar, plaster it on, and bind it on fast. lxii. 1. For fever disease; pound in ale lupins, githrife, waybroad, let it stand for two nights, administer to drink. For fever again; let him drink betony much, and eat three bits of it Again, drink in clear ale wormwood, githrife, betony, bishopwort, fen mint, rose- mary, the clove rooted wenwort, marrubium, drink for thirty days. A drink for that, betony, springwort, attorlothe, vervain, everthroat, houndstongue, dwarf dwosle, wormwood. For a tertian fever, let the sick drink in warm water ten sups of betony, when the fever is approaching. For a quartan fever, let him drink juice of waybroad in sweetened water two hours before the fever will to him. For a quotidian fever, let him drink in cold water so much of the dust of betony as may weigh a penny ; as much more of way- broad. 2. For fever again it helpeth, to drink marrubium alone. For lent addle, or typhus fever , work to a drink wormwood, everthroat, lupin, waybroad, ribwort, cher- vil, attorlothe, feverfue, alexanders, bishopwort, lovage, Book L Ch. lxi. Digitized by Google 136 LfiCE BOC. bpence on pelfcum ealab bo halij pactep to • *j fppinj vy^ pip mon pceal ppitan on huplbipce *j on pone bpenc imb halij psetepe ppean *j pinjan on • + + +A+ + + + +CD+ + + + + + + + + In ppincipio epat uepbum et uepbum epat aput beum et beup epat: uepbtim. ftoc epat In ppmcipio aput beum omnia pep ipSum pacta Sunt, ppeah ponne ■p jeppit mib halij paetpe op pam bifee on pone bpenc • fmj • ponne epebo *j patep noptep *j pip leop. beati Inmticulatg pone fealm mib ab bommum pam .xn. jebeb pealmtim. Abrnro uoS ppi^opef 1 2 3 et pebpeS • pep fol. 51 b. beum patpem ommpotentem et pep eiuf pilium lepum cpiptum pep apeenfum et bipcenfum 9 Saluatopip noptju ut pecebatiS be hoc pamulo bei • et be coppuSculo eiup quam 8 bominup noptep Inluminape Inftituit. Uin- cit uop leo be tpibu mba pabix bauib. Umcit uop qui uinci non poteSt • + xpp natuf • + xpp pafsup • + xpp uentupuf • + aiup - 4 * -f aiup • + aiup • -f Sep • •Readlnde. + Sep • + Sep* Jn bie a Salutipepip incebenp jpepfibup upbep • oppiba pupa uicop captpa caftella pepajpanf. Omnia bepulptp fanabat coppopa mopbip * 6 *j ppipa ponne onfupe psep psetepef fpelcef jehpsepep papa manna. n fibs taifiOMKOVS. .LXIII. Pip peonb feoefim men • ponne beopol pone monnan pebe o<$$e hine innan jepealbe mib able. Spipebpenc eluhtpe • bifeeoppypt • beolone epopleae jeenua toSomne bo eala to psetan laet ftanban neahtepne bo piptij lybcopna on halij psetep. bpenc pip peonbfeocum men op cipicbellan to bpmeanne • jyppipe • jlaep 6 jeappe • elehtpe • betonice • attoplape • capptic • pane • pnul • 1 Frigora. 2 Descensum. 3 Quern. 4 aiuf = Siyios. 3 Read Oppida, rura, casas, vicos, castella peragrans ; Sedulius, Cam. Fasch , Lib. III., 23. Inter- woven in the text of Beda, III. xxviii. • For nej;l®r» cyn®sl«rran ? Digitized by LiOOQle LEECH BOOK. I. 137 sage, cassock, in foreign ale; add holy water and Booki. Ch. lxii. springwort. 3. A man shall write this upon the sacramental An exorcism of fever. paten, and wash it off into the drink with holy water, and sing over it ... . In the beginning, etc. (John i. 1.) Then wash the writing with holy water off the dish into the drink, then sing the Credo, and the Paternoster, and this lay, Beati immaculati, the psalm ; 1 with the twelve prayer psalms, I adjure you, etc. And let each of the two 3 men then sip thrice of the water so prepared. Inde salutiferis incedens gressibus urbes, Oppida, rura, casas, vicos, castella peragrans Omnia depulsis sanabat corpora morbis. SEDVL1VS. lxiii. For a fiend sick man, or demoniac , when a devil possesses the man or controls him from within with disease; a spew drink, or emetic , lupin, bishopwort, henbane, cropleek; pound these together, add ale for a liquid, let it stand for a night, add fifty libcorns, or cathartic grains , and holy water. A drink for a fiend sick man, to be drunk out of a church bell ; church bell, githrife, cynoglossum, yarrow, lupin, betony, attorlothe, cassock, flower de luce, fennel, church lichen, lichen, of 1 Psalm, cxix. 2 Two, the leech and the sick ; two is in sehp»J>e)i. Digitized by Google 138 LJECE BOC. fol. 52 a. foL 52 b. UtplavTOv. cipicpaju • cpiftep maalep paju • lupeftice • jepypc pone bpenc op hluttpum ealafi jefinje feopon maeppan opep pam pyptum bo japleac *j halij paetep to *j bpype on aelcne bpmcan pone bpenc pe he bpmcan pille ept • *j finje pone fealm • bean Inmaculati *j exupjat • Saluum me pac beup • ponne bprnce pone bpenc op cipicbellan *j fe maeppe ppeofe him finje aeptep pam bpence pif opep. bomine Sancte patep omnipotent pip bpaecfeocum men • cofe • jotpope • eluhtpe • betonice • attoplaBe • cpopleac • holecepfan • hope • pinul • afinje mon maep- pan opep pypce op pylifcum ealoS *j op halij paetepe. bpmce pipne bpenc aet aejhpilcum nipe nijon mopjenaf •j nane oppe paetan p piece fnlle fie • *j aelmeppan pelle *j him apena job jeopnlice bibbe. prS peben heopte bifeeoppypt • elehtpe • banpypt • eopoppeapn • jippipe • heahhiolope ponne baej fcabe 1 *j mht ponne fmj pu on cipicean letaniaf p ip papa halijpa naman • *j patep noptep mib py fanje pu ja f pu fie set pam pyptum *j ppipa ymbja ‘j ponne pu hie mme janj ept to cipicean mib py llcan panje • *j jepinj .xii. maep- pan opep *j opep ealle pa bpencan pe to paepe able belimpap on peop'Smynbe papa tpelpa apoftola. . LXIIII. P*P aelepe ypelpe leobpunan *j pi6 aelppibeime pip jepjut ppit him pip jpecifcum fcaptim • + + A + + 0 + y° + l p B y M am :• BeppN NiKNEttANi. Gpt • opep buft *j bpenc pip leobpunan • jenim bpembel aBppel *j elehtpan *j pollejian jeenua • fipt ponne bo on pohhan leje unbep peopob finj nijon maeppan opep bo on meoloc f buft bpyp ppipa on halij paetepef 2 pele 1 At morning twilight. 2 A partitive genitive ; halis in hahg pwreji is commonly unde- clined, or regarded as part of a compound. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 139 Christs mark or cross, lovage ; work up the drink off I* clear ale, sing seven masses over the worts, add garlic and holy water, and drip the drink into every drink which he will subsequently drink, and let him sing the psalm, Beati immaculati, and Exurgat, and Salvum me fac, deus, cxix. and then let him drink the drink out of a church bell, psalm lxix. and let the mass priest after the drink sing this over him, Domine, sancte pater omnipotens . 1 For a lunatic; costmary, goutweed, lupin, betony, attorlothe, cropleek, field gentian, hove, fennel; let masses be sung over, let it be wrought of foreign ale and of holy water ; let him drink this drink for nine mornings, at every one fresh, and no other liquid that is thick and still, and let him give alms, and earnestly pray God for his mercies. For the phrenzied ; bishopwort, lupin, bonewort, everfem , 9 githrife, elecampane, when day and night di- vide, then sing thou in the church litanies, that is, the names of the hallows or saints , and the Pater- noster; with the song go thou, that thou mayest be near the worts, and go thrice about them, and when thou takest them go again to church with the same song, and sing twelve masses over them, and over all ( the drinks which belong to the disease, in honour of the twelve apostles. lxiv. Against every evil rune lay , 8 and one full of elvish A holy amulet, tricks, write for the bewitched man this writing in Greek letters: alfa, omega, iesvm (?) beronikh . 4 Again, ixera ? another dust or powder and drink against a rune lay ; take a bramble apple, a and lupins, and pulegium, pound * A blackberr 'J- them, then sift them, put them in a pouch, lay them under the altar, sing nine masses over them, put the 1 A formula of Benediction ; I * Heathen charm, several such are found in the j 4 Invoking the miraculous por- Missals. 1 trait of Christ on the kerchief of 3 Polypodium vulgar e, I St. Veronica. Digitized by Google 140 LJ5CE BOO. bjuncan on jjpeo tiba • on unbepn • on mibbaej • on non* jip fio abl netnum fie jeot mib halij paetpe on muS f lice bufu. Sealp elehtpe hejepipe • bipceoppypt • J?a peaban majoj?an • apmelu • cpopleac • pealt pyl on butepan to fealpe finipe on $ lieapob *j J>a bpeoft. bpenc hapan fppecel • alexanbpie • pube • elehtpe hejepipe • bipceoppypt • majoj?e • cpopleac • apmelu • fio cneoehte • penpypt bo on halij paetep. gip mon mape pibe • jemm elehtpan *j japleac • *j betonican • fol. 53 a. pecelf bmb on neepce lisebbe him mon on «j he janje m on J>ap pypte. Runes. Rev. xix. 16 . • LXV. Gpt bpenc prS lencten able pepeppuje • hpam jealla • pmul • pejbpaebe • jefinje mon pela maeppan opep paepe pypte - 1 opjeot mib eala*b bo halij paetep on pyl fpij?e pel bpmce j>onne fpa he hatoft maeje micelne fcenc pulne aep J>on fio abl to naman *j jealbop *j jebeb • t COapcuS-f + + + + • lucaS • nlle:* peopep jobfpellapa CDatheup- + + + + + Iohannep ^ ^ Intep- cebite ppo me • Tiecon • leleloth • patpon • abiupo uoS. 6pt jobcunb jebeb • Jn nomine bomini fit benebic- tum • b e P onice * beponicen • et habet In ueftimento et In pemope fuo • fcpiptum pex pejum et bommup bomi- nantjum* • 6pt jobcunb jebeb. Jn nomine fit bene- dictum • MMMRMj; • N«j. |?TXXM R FpN j • T X * 2 e^t pceal mon fpijenbe )rtp ppitan *j bon J?af popb fpijenbe on J?a pmftpan bpeoft *j ne ja he m on $ jeppit ne m on bep • *j eac fpijenbe Jnf on bon • HAMMANy°EL • BPONice • NOy°epTAy°EPr. 1 This use of the singular is mere ! xMRMh • N*j *hTX, and under- carelessness. ! stand the T as an J. 2 Read X MMRMh * Nt • hTX* Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 141 dust into milk, drip thrice some holy water upon them, administer this to drink at three hours, at undern, or nine in the nwming, at midday, at noon, hora nona, or three in the afternoon . If the disease be on cattle, pour that ilk dust into the mouth with holy water. A salve ; boil lupin, hedgerife, bishopwort, the red maythe, harmala, a cropleek, salt, in butter to a salve, smear it on the head and the breast. A drink ; put into holy water, vipers bugloss, alexanders, rue, lupins, hedgerife, bishopwort, maythe, cropleek, harmala, the wenwort which hath knees. b If a mare 1 or hag ride a man, take lupins, and garlic, and betony, and frank- incense, bind them on a fawns skin, let a man have the worts on him, and let him go in to his home. lxv. 1. Again, a drink against lent addle or typhus ; feverfue, the herb rams gall, 2 fennel, waybroad ; let a man sing many masses over the worts, souse them with ale, add holy water, boil very thoroughly, let the man drink a great cup full, as hot as he may, before the disorder will be on him ; say the names of the four gospellers, and a charm, and a prayer, eta 8 Again, a divine prayer, etc., DEERE]? • hand- )?in* dere)>* HAND • )>IN • thine hand vexeth, thine hand vexeth. Again, a man shall in silence write this, and silently put these words on the left breast, and let him not go in doors with that writing, nor bear it in doors . And also in silence put this on, Emmanuel, veronica . 4 1 Ar in night mare. 2 Menyanthes trijoliata. 3 Lei i loth is an Arabic idol. ! (Freytag.) Cf. Alilat Herod, iii. 8. 4 The image on the kerchief. Book I. Ch. Ixiv. • Peganum bar- maid f Bot. b Lolium temulentum ? Digitized by Google 142 LJSCE BOC. .LXYI. PiJ? ungemynbe *j prS bypgunge bo on ealo bipceop pypt • elehtpan • beuomcan pa, fu)?epnan pinuglan • neptan hmbhioloSan • gyj?pipan • mepce • bpmce ]?onne. yip ungemynbe *j bifgunge bo on eala capfiam * eleh- tpan • bifceoppypt • alexanbpian • ji^pipe • felbmopan «j halig psefcep bpmce }>onne. . LX VII. V.» genumenum mete * geriim elehtpan lege unbep peopob fmg nigon mreppan opep p pceal yip genume- num mete lege unbep p pset • pe pu. pille on melcan. 1 gtp ealo apepb fie • gemm pa, elehtpan lege on j?a peopep pceattap J?aep sepnef *j opep pa, bupu *j imbep pone J?epxpolb *j imbep p ealopset bo mib halig psetpe pa, pypt on p eala ; Jip mete fy apypb *j ungehpaebe mylcen o86e plb oppe bpy}?en • halga pa, pypte bo on *j unbep p pset • •j unbep pa, bupu • bo elehtpan *j clipan - *j betomcan *j bifceoppypt. . LXVIII. J)ip J?on gip hunta gebite mannan p ij* fpij?pa pleali pyy pceappan neah ppompeapbef lait ypnan p blob on gjiennne fticcan hseplenne peopp ponne opep peg apeg Jjonne ne bij? nan ypel. 6^t apleak ane pceappan ou J>am bolge gecnua laecepypt lege on ne bij? him nan ypeL yip gongelpaeppan bite • mm aepepj?an nio)n>- 1 The SaxonB used milk and pre- cow is called his Meat cow, DD. parations of milk for the food of the 187, 188. chnrls family. Hence the churls Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 143 lxvi. Against mental vacancy and against folly; put into ale bishopwort, lupins, betony, the southern or Italian fennel, nepte, water agrimony, cockle, marche, then let the man drink. For idiotcy and folly, put into ale, cassia, and lupins, bishopwort, alexanders, githrife, field- more, and holy water ; then let him drink. lxvii. 1. For the better digestion of meat taken ; take lu- pins, lay them under the altar, sing over them nine masses, that shall avail for meat taken; lay it under the vessel into which thou hast in mind to milk. If ale be spoilt, then take lupins, lay them on the four quarters of the dwelling, and over the door, and under the threshhold, and under the ale vat, put the Vort into the ale with holy water. 2. If meat be spoilt, 1 and a good quantity of milken food, or a milking, a or brewing, hallow the worts, 2 3 put them into and under the vat, and under the door ; use lupins, and clifwort, and betony, and bishopwort. lxviii. In case that a hunting spider 8 bite a man, that is the stronger spider, strike three scarifications near, in a direction from the bite, let the blood run into a green spoon of hazel wood, then throw it over the road away; then no harm will come of it. Again, strike a scarification on the wound; pound leechwort; lay it on, no harm will happen to the man. Against bite of a weaving spider, 4 take the netherward part of seferthe, 1 C£ Luke xiv. 34. Marshall. 2 By one of the benisons in the ecclesiastical Manuale. 3 Salticus scenicus is now de- scribed by this name ; but it is very appropriate for the Aranea taran- tula, the habits of which our author had, doubtless, learnt 4 Aranea viatica . Book I. Ch. lxvi. See III. liii. Digitized by Google 144 ? L.ECE BOC. peapbe *j plahfopn • page abpij to bufce jeJ?aen mib huni 5 e lacna p bolh mib. yip huntan bite blace fnejlap on hattpe pannan jehypfce 1 *j to bufce jejnibene • *j pipoji • *j betorucan ete p bufc *j bpmce *j on lecje. PrS huntan bite Nim m]>epeapbne 8 cottuc leje on p bolh. 6pt apleah • V. pceappan ane on J?am bite *j peopep ymbutan peopp mib fcxccan fpijenbe opep paenpej. . LX VII II. J)ip pebe liunbep plite ajpimoman «j pejbpseban je- menje mib hunije *j aejep p hpite lacna pa, punbe mib py. yip hunbep bolje poxep elate • jpunbefpelje py] on butepan fmipe mib. 6pt betonican jetpipula leje on ]?one bite. Gpt pejbpseban jebeat leje on. 6pt tpa cipan o88e J?peo feo}> jebjueb on ahfan men; piS pyple humje leje on. 6pt jebaepne fpmef ceacan to ahfan pceab on. 6pu jeriim pegbpseban mopan jeenua 3 yip pyple bo on p bolh ]?onne afcpyp'S lno p atep apej. .LXX. ^ip mon fie to pptene pyl hinbheolo]?an on pilifctim ealab bpince on neaht neptij. Gtp mon fie to un- pptene pyl on meolce J?a llcan pypt ]?onne appaenpt pu. Pyl on eope meolce ept hmbhiolo)?an alexanbpian pop- netep polm hatte pypt }?onne bip hit fpa him leopofc bi 3. 1 For jehypftebe. 2 mpepeajibe corrected to the masculine, MS. 3 gecna, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 145 and lichen from the blackthorn, dry it to dust, moisten Book I. with honey, tend the wound therewith. Against bite Ch * xlvlu ’ of hunting spider, black snails fried in a hot pan and rubbed to dust, and pepper, and betony, let the man eat the dust, and drink it, and lay it on. For bite of hunting spider, take the netherward part of mallow, lay it on the wound. Again, strike five scarifications, one on the bite, and four round about it, throw the blood with a spoon silently over a wagon way. lxix. For bite of mad dog; mingle with honey agrimony and waybroad, and the white of an egg, dress the wound with that. For wound by a hound ; foxes clote, a groundsel, boil these in butter, smear therewith. * Burdock. Again, triturate betony, lay it on the bite. Again, beat waybroad, lay it on. Again, seethe two or three onions, roast them on ashes, mingle with fat and honey, lay on. Again, burn a swines cheek or jaw to ashes, shed this on. Again, take more or root of way- broad, pound it, put it on the wound with lard, then it will scrape the venom away. lxx. If a man be too salacious, boil water agrimony in foreign ale, let him drink thereof at night fasting. If a man be too slow ad venerem, boil that ilk wort in milk, then thou givest him corage. Boil in ewes milk, again, hindheal, alexanders, the wort which hight Fomets 1 palm, a then it will be with him as he would • Unknown, liefest have it be. 1 For Fornet or Fomjot, see the index of names. VOL. II. K Digitized by Google 146 LJECE BOC. fol. 55 a. •LXXI. Vi> paege peofan puban fpa gpene feoj? on ele *j on peaxe fimpe mib ]H)ne paegepeo&n. 6ft ntm gate h»p fmec unbep j?a bpec pi)? J?aep paege peofan. gip hoh fino popab fie • mm popnetef polm feo$ on paetpe bej?e mib p lim *j J?peah mib p lim *j pypce pealpe op butepan fmipe aeptep bafe. . LXXII. On hpilce tib blob fie to popganne on hpilce to laetenne. bloblaep ip to popganne piptyne mhtum aep hlapmaeppe *j aeptep pip *j jjpitig mhtum pop )?on ]?onne ealle aetepno jnng pleojaj? *j mannum fprJSe bepiaft • laecap laepbon pa, pe pipofue paepon p nan man on )?am mon)?e ne bpenc ne bpunce ne ahpaep hif lichoman pamge butan htp nyb]?eapp paepe • J?onne on mibbelbagtim inne gepunobe pop J?on pe fio lypt bij? )>onne fpij?oft ge- mengeb. Romane him pop)?on *j ealle fu8 pole pophton eopj? huf pop faepe lypte pylme *j aetepneppe. Gac pecgeaS laecap pte geblopene pypta )?onne fien betfue to pypeenne ge to bpencum ge to pealpum ge to bufte. Du mon fcule bloblaefe on ]>apa fix pipa aelctim on monBe popgan *j hponne hit 1 betft fie • laecap laepaB eac p nan man on ]?on jfTp mhta ealbne monan *j ept X. mhta *j piptyne tpentigef *j ptp *j tpentigef *j 1 The idea is blob ppl&ran, for blobltese is feminine. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 147 lxxi. For the dorsal muscle, seethe in oil and in wax, rue so green, smear the dorsal muscle therewith. Again, take goats hair, make it smoke under the breech up against the dorsal muscle. If a heel sinew be broken, take Fornets palm, seethe it in water, foment the limb therewith, and wash the limb therewith ; and work a salve of butter, smear after the fomentation. lxxii. On what season bloodletting is to be foregone, on what to be practised. Bloodletting is to be foregone fifteen nights ere Lammas , 1 and after it for five and thirty nights, since then all venomous things fly and much injure men . 2 Leeches who were wisest, have taught, that in that month no man should either drink a potion drink, nor anywhere weaken his body, except there were a necessity for it; and that in that case, he during the middle of the day should remain with- in, since the lyft or air is then most mingled and impure. The Romans for this reason, and all south folk, wrought to themselves earth houses, for the boil- ing heat and venomousness of the lyft . 8 Also leeches say that blossomed worts are then bast to work, either for drinks, or for salves, or for dust. Here is set forth how a man shall forego bloodletting on each of the six fives in the month, and when it is best. Leeches teach that no man on the five nights old moon, and again on the ten nights old , and fifteen nights old , and twenty, and five and twenty, and on the thirty 1 August 1. 3 * * The Italian sirocco, per autum- 2 This refers to Italy and to its nos nocentem corporibns. plumbens anster, Autnmnnsque gravis, Libitinee qaestos acerb®. K 2 Digitized by Book i. Ch. lxxi. Google 148 LiECE boc. }?pitijef nihra ealbne monan ne laete blob ac betpeox }?apa pex pipa aelcum • *j nif nan bloblaeptib fpa job fpa on popepeapbne lencten Jmnne pa ypelan paetan fol. 55 b. beop jejabepobe pe on pmtpa jebpuncene beo8 *j on kalenbaf apjulif ealpa pelefc J/onne tpeop *j pypta aepefc (ip fpjiytta8 Jmnne peaxe8 fio ypele jillefcpe *j p ypele blob on J?am holcnm J?aep lichoman. jtp mon- nep blob bolh ypelije jentm J?onne jeopmen leap apylle on paetpe *j be}?e nub • jecnua mojmpeapbe leje on. jip Jm pille on fmbe blob pojilaetan • ntm cetelef hpum jejnib ro bufce pceab 6n pa, punbe. jentm pijen healm eft *j bepen jebaepn to bufte • jip Jm ne raaeje blob bolh appij?an jentm hoppep topb nipe abpije on funnan o88e be pype jejnib to bufce fpij?e pel leje p buft fpi}>e Jncce on linenne cla8 ppij? raib py p blobbolh neahtepne. jip Jm jeotenb aebpe ne maeje appij>an jemm p pelpe blob fe opypirb jebaepn on hatum ftane •j jejnib to bufte leje on pa, aebpe p buft 1 appi8 fpi8e. jtp mon aet bloblaetan 6n fmpe beplea menj topomne peax *j ptc *j fceapen fmepa leje on cla8 on p bolh. . LXX1II. ^ip men cine hpilc lim jentm pijen mela bo on \> lim nane paetan • jip Jm paetan beft to oJ;J>e fmepa fol. 56 a. pealpe ne meaht Jm hit jelacman *j pe man pceal fpi}?e ftille beon J?y Jm pcealt lime halne jebon. . LXXIIII. PiJ; peaptum *j peapjium 1 on lime • jentm fmjpenan «j hunijef peap menj tojaebepe bo on J;a peaptan *j 1 So in Latin Verrueac are distinguished from Vari. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 149 nights old moon should let blood, but betwixt each of the six fives: and there is no time for bloodletting so good as in early lent, when the evil humours are gathered which be drunken in during winter, and on the kalends of April best of all, when trees and worts first up sprout, when * the evil ratten waxeth, and the evil blood, in the hulks or hollow frame - works of the body. If a lancet wound grow corrupt in a man, then take mallow leaves, boil them in water, and bathe therewith, and pound the netherward part of the wort ; lay on. If thou wilt stop blood running in an incision, take kettle soot, rub it to dust, shed it on the wound. Again, take rye and barley halm, burn it to dust; if thou may not stanch a blood letting wound, take a new horses tord, dry it in the sun, or by the fire, rub it to dust thoroughly well, lay the dust very thick on a linen cloth, tie up for a night the blood- letting wound with that. If thou may not stanch a gushing vein, take that same blood which runneth out, dry it on a hot stone and rub it to dust, lay the dust on the vein, and tie up strong. If in bloodletting a man cut upon a sinew, mingle together wax, and pitch, and sheeps grease, lay on a cloth, and on the cut. Ixxiii. If for a man any limb of his become chinked or chopped , take rye meal, apply it to the limb and no wet ; if thou puttest wet to it, or a grease salve, thou mayest not cure it, and the man shall be very still, in that way thou shalt make him hole. lxxiv. Against warts and callosities on a limb ; take sin- green, and juice of honey, mingle together, apply to the Book I. Ch. Ixxii. Digitized by 150 L^CE BOC. peapjiaf. 6pt cealpep fceapn ahfan jemenj pi# eceb *j leje 6n. Gft pipiep pmbe jebaepn to ahfan bo eceb to tpipula fpi8e *j leje on. ,LXXV. Pip fcuppebum naejle • inm jecypnabne fticcan pete on pone naejl pi8 pa peapta pleah ponne p p blob fppinge lit • pypc ponne pymel to *j leje ealb fpic on upan pone naejl liealb ppitij mhta pip paetan • Nim ponne hpaeten copn *j hunij menj toSomne leje on bo p to op p hal pie. .LX XVI. Pip jicpan boccan *j pypm melu *j pealt 1 ealpa empela menj pi8 fupe pletan fmipe mib py. pip jicpan mm fcipteapo *j lpjteapo ele jmb tojaebepe bo ppibban bael fealtep 8 fmipe mib py. • LXXVII. Qip pu piUe p ypel fpile pa8e utbepfte mm peax *j hemlic hatte pypt jebeat jepypmeb toSomne pypc to pealpe bmb on pa ftopa. . LXXVII I. Gip men unluft fie jetenje • nime betonican p pille ppy penejap jepejan bptnc on fpetfim paetepe. [LXXVIIII.] ^ip mon ppam lonjum peje jeteopob fie bpince be- 1 jebon in the margin of MS., by later hand ; gebo on was meant. 2 After fealtej* add on. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 151 warts and the callosities. Again, mingle with vinegar Boo k l calfs sham and ashes, and lay on. Again, bum to Ch. lxxiv. ashes withys rind, add vinegar, triturate thoroughly, and lay on. lxxv. ‘For a scurfy nail ; 1 take a granulated bit of wood, set it on the nail against the warts, then strike, so that the blood may spring out, then work a thurabstall for it, and lay old lard above upon the nail, hold it for thirty nights against wet, then take wheaten com and honey, mingle these together, lay on, apply that till all be well. lxxvi. For itch, take dock and worms reduced to meal, and salt, of all equally much, mingle with sour cream, and smear with that. Against itch, take ship tar, and ivy tar, and oil, mb together, add a third part of salt, smear with that. lxxvii. If thou shouldst desire that an evil swelling should rathely burst, take wax and a wort hight hemlock, beat them together when warmed, work to a salve, bind on the places. lxxviii. If to a man loss of appetite happen, let him take betony, so much as will weigh three silver pennies, and drink it in sweetened water. [lxxix.] If a man is tired by a long journey, let him drink 1 Thug, “ Unguium gcabritiem ” ; Plin. xxx. 37. Digitized by Google 0 152 L.fiCE BOC. tomcan on }>6m fubpenan oxtimelle • f 1 eceb bpenc ]>e pe sep bepopan ppiton pi}? J?aepe healp beaban able. .LXXX. Pi}? }?on }?e mon hine popbpince. bpince betomoan on paecjie sep o}?epne bpmcan. 6pt pyl betonican eopb jeallan on hlutrpum ealab oJ?pe on fpilcpe paeuan fpa he bpmcan fcyle bpince fimle aep mete. Gpu jerifm fpinep lnnjenne jebpseb *j on neaht neptij jenim pip fnseba fimle. . LXXX I. Pi}? miclan cele nim netelan peo}? on ele fmipe jmb ealne }?inne lichoman raib fe cyle jepit apej. . LXXXII. q*P men fie micel paece jetenje popij jejnib on ele fmipe ]?inne *jplitan mib «j }?one lichoman ealne pun- fol. 57 a. boplice pa }?e him bi}? fio psecce jemetjob. . LXXXIII. To monnep fcemne ntm ceppillan pubuceppillan bifceoppypt ontpan • jpunbefpeljean pypc to bpence on hluttpfim ealab • Nim }?peo fnaeba butepan jemenje pib hpseten mela *j jepylte J?ije mib \y bpence bo fpa nijon mopjenaf ma ;ip hip }?eapp fie. 1 bpenc is masculine, p may have I most likely ; or even as early as been written since eceb, neuter, this, p may begin io stand for any comes as the next word, and so seems I gender. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. L 153 betony in the southern drink, oxyrael ; the acid drink Book I. of which we before wrote in treating of the half dead Ch * lxxlx ' disease . 1 lxxx. In case a man should overdrink himself; let him drink betony in water before his other drink. Again, boil betony and earthgall in clear ale, or in such drink as he, the drunkard , may haye to drink, let him drink this always before meat. Again, take a swines lung, a roast it, and at night fasting take five* Plin.xxx.5i. slices always. lxxxi. Against mickle cold ; take nettles, b seethe them in b See Catullus, oil, smear and rub all thine body therewith : the cold xhv ’ will depart away. Ixxxii. If to a man there betide much wakefulness, rub down a poppy in oil, smear thy forehead therewith, and all thy body, wonderfully soon the wakefulness will be moderated for him* lxxxiii. For a mans voice; take chervil, and wood chervil, bishop wort, “ontre,” groundsel, work these to a drink in clear ale. Take three slices of butter, mingle with wheaten meal, and salt it, swallow this with the above drink ; do so for nine mornings, more if there be need of it. 1 No such disease had been men- 3 The change of pronouns is an tioned in this book*, it is found, II. error of the text, lix, with the receipt for oxymel. Digitized by Google 154 LJSCE BOC. fbl. 57 b. Nowhere. . LXXXI1II. ^ip mon punj ete apeje butepan *j bpince • fe puns jepit on pa butepan. 6pt pip pon ftanbe on heapbe aplea him mon pela fceappena 6n pam pcancan ponne gepit ut p attep puph pa pceappan. . LXXXV. Grip mon punbije pi)? hif peonb to jepeohtanne fcsep fpealpan bpibbaf jefeope on pine ete ponne sep • oppe pylle paetpe feofie. . LXXXVI. Pi)? mielum jonje opep lanb py lsep he teopije muejpypt nime him on hanb oppe bo on hip pco py tep he mepije *j )?onne he niman pille sep punnan upjanje cpe)?e )?af popb sepefc. Tellam 1 te aptemepia ne lapfup ffim 2 In uia • jefena hie )?onne pu up teo:- . LXXXVII. ^ip mannep peax pealle pypc him pealpe riim pone miclan punj hapan fppecel *j eapypte nio)?opeapbe • *j pepbpypt • pypc op )?aepe pypte *j op piffim eallum )?a pealpe *j op )?sepe butepan pe nan psetep on ne come, gip peax pealle apylle eopoppeapn bepe p heapob mib py fpa peapme. pi)? )?on jip man calu fie • pliniuj* fe micla lsece fejp )?ipne lsecebom • jemm beabe beon jebsepne to ahfan lmfseb eac bo ele to on p feope fpipe lanje opep jlebfim afeoh )?onne appmje nime peliep leap jecnupije jeote 6n pone ele • pylle epc hpile on jlebflm afeoh ponne fmipe mib septep bape. 1 Read Tollam. 2 Read fun. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. I. 155 lxxxiv. If a man eat wolfs bane, let him eat and drink but- ter, the poison will go off in the butter. Again for that, let him stand upon his head, let some one strike him many scarifications on the shanks, then the venom departs out through the incisions. lxxxv. If a man try to fight with his foe, let him seethe staith swallow nestlings 1 in wine, then let him eat them ere the fight , or seethe them in spring water. lxxxvi. For mickle travelling over land, lest he tire, let him take mugwort a to him in hand, or put it into his shoe, lest he should weary, and when he will pluck it, be- fore the upgoing of the sun, let him say first these words, “ I will take thee, artemisia, lest I be weary on the way,” etc. Sign it with the sign of the cross, when thou pullest it up. lxxxvii. 1. If a mans hair fall off, work him a salve, take the mickle wolfs bane, and vipers bugloss, and the netherward part of burdock, and ferdwort, work the salve out of that wort, and out of all these, and out of that butter on which no water hath come. If hair fall off, boil the polypody fern, and foment the head with that, so warm. In case that a man be bald, Plinius, the mickle leech, saith this leechdom: take dead bees, bum them to ashes, and linseed also, add oil upon that, seethe very long over gledes, then strain, wring out, and take leaves of willow, pound them, pour the juice into the oil, boil again for a while on gledes, strain them, smear therewith after the bath. 1 Sand martins, hirundines riparue . Book I. Ch. lxxxiv. Vol. I. xi. 1. Digitized by Google J56 LMOE BOO. JOeapob brc]? pi8 }?on • pelijec leap pylle on paetepe J?peah mib pf aep pu lut fmejiupe *j pa leap cnua fpa jefoben ppi} ? on mht on op p hio fie 1 bpije p J?u maeje fmeppan aeptep mib J?aepe fealpe bo fpa .xxx. mhta lenj jip hip J?eapp fie. J7iJ? J?on }>e a haep ne peaxe fol. 58 a. aemettan aejpu jenim jmb fmit on pa ftope ne cymS J?sep naeppe aenij peax tip ; gip haep to ]?icce fie jentm fpealpan jebaepn unbep tijelan to ahfan *j laet fceaban pa alipan on. . LXXXVI1I. J>\p hoppep hpeople • mm pa s hapanpypt cnua pel jemenj jK)nne pi8 pepfcpe butepan pyl fpi8e on but- jian bo on p hopp fpa hit hatoft maeje fmipe aelce baeje bo fimle pa pealpe on • pp fio hpeopol fie micel jeriim hlonb jehaet raib ftanum J?peah mib py hlonbe fpa hatum p hopf* J>ohne hit bpije fie fmipe mib J?aepe pealpe lacna mne. 6pt jeriim pynian fealt 2 jehaet J?peah mib py • *j iSonne bpije fie fmipe mib pipcep fmeppe. gip hopf jeallebe fie • mm aefelpep8inj pypt *j jotpo)>an • *j maje^an jecnua pel bo butepan to pjunj paetenbe )mph cla8 bo hpit fealt tin hpep fyipe lacna )>one jeallan mib. ]>ip hoppep jeallan ntm aepc}>potan *j jtitpojwm upepeapbe *j bojen eac fpa cnua tofomne pyl on pyple *j tin butepan afeoh Jmph cla8 fmipe mib. :• jfp hopp fie tipfcoten oppe oJ^eji neat mm omppan fol. 58 b. paeb «j fcittifc peax jepmje mtin .xu. maeppan opep *j bo halij paetep tin p liojip o88e on fpa hpilc neat fpa hit fie hapa 8e pa pypte fimle mib. Jhp fon llcan mm tobpecenpe naeble eaje fnnje hmban on J>one byplan ne bij? nan teona. :• 4 Read pynian fealcey, as before, xxxii. 2. ? 1 For fien. 2 Read pij> J>on % * After J>a a word appears want- Digitized by boogie LEECH BOOK. I. 157 2. A head bath for that ; boil willow leaves in water, wash with that, ere thou smear it, and pound the leaves so sodden, bind on at night, till they be dry, that thou may after smear with the salve ; do so for thirty nights, longer if need for it be. In order that the hair may not wax ; take emmets eggs, rub them up , smudge on the place ; never will any hair come up there. 3. If hair be too thick, take a swallow, burn it to ashes under a tile, and have the ashes shed on. lxxxviii. 1. For a horses leprosy, 1 take the hare- wort, pound it well, then mingle with fresh butter, boil thoroughly in butter, put it on the horse as hot as possible, smear every day, always apply the salve. If the leprosy be mickle, take piss, heat it with stones, wash the horse with the piss so hot; when it is dry, smear with the salve, apply also leechdoms inwardly. Again, take runnings of salt, heat them, wash with that, and when it is dry, smear with fishes grease. If a horse be galled, take stichwort, and goutweed, and maythe, pound well, add butter, wring it wetting it through a cloth, add white salt, shake thoroughly, leech the gall therewith. For a horses gall, take ash- throat, and the upward part of goutweed, and rosemary also, pound together, boil in fat and in butter, strain through a cloth, smear therewith. 2. If a horse or other neat be elf shot,* take sorrel seed and Scottish wax, let a man sing twelve masses over it, and put holy water on the horse, or on what- soever neat it be, have the worts always with thee. 3. For the same ; take an eye of a broken needle, give the horse a prick with it behind in the barrel, no harm shall come. 1 Grease in the legs ? * The Scottish phrase for this disease ; see the Glossary. Book I. Ch. lxxxvii. Digitized by Google 158 LMCE BOO. Book II. . 1 . J)AS laecebomap belimpa8 to ealltim mno)?a met- tpymnepptfm. . 11 . Laecebomaf yip majan pape ealpa • X. *j jip fe maja a)?eneb fie *j hpaet he )?icjean pcyle on )?aepe able. .hi. Laecebomap be jefpelle *j pape J?sep majan hu him mon fcyle blob laetan. .iiii. Laecebomap pij? heapbum fpyle j?aep majan *j fmepeneppa *j hpaet he )?icjean pcyle. :• .V. Laecebomap pi]? majan a)?unbeneppe hpaet he 6n j?aepe able j?icje. :• .yi. Laecebomaf pi)? unlufce *j plaetan ]?e 6p majan cym8 *j hpaet he ]?icjean fcyle • mi. cpaeptaf. :• .vii. Laecebomaf pib abeabobum majan *j jip he pop- fojen fie tacn abeabobep majan hu p ne jemylt p he )?ije]? • VI. laecebomap. :• foL 59 a. .VIII. Laecebomap pi)? pape «j unlufce )?aep majan pe pe ne maej ne mib mete ne mib bpmcan beon jelacnob •j bitepe hpaecetunje )?popa8 • nn. cpaeptap. .vim. Laecebomaf pi)? mpunbe majan. :• .x. LaecebSm pi8 plaettan *j to haetenne untpumne majan ; .xi. Laecebom pi)? aj?unbeneppe majan pmbijpe *j e)?unje. .xii. Laecebom pij? fpip)?an *j pi)? )?on be him mete unbep jepunian nelle. :• .xni. Laecebom pi)? majan fppinje. .xiiil Laecebom pib eallum majan untplimnepptim. :• .xv. Laecebom pi)? )?aep majan fppinje )?onne )?upli mu)? bitepe hpaec8 oppe bealcet oppe him on j?am Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. 11. 159 Book II. i. These leechdoms belong to all disorders of the inwards. ii. Leechdoms for sore of the maw, in all ten, and if the maw be distended, and what the patient shall eat in that disorder. iii. Leechdoms for swelling and sore of the maw, how one must let him, the patient , blood. iv. Leechdoms for hard swelling of the maw, and smearings, or unguents, and what the patients diet shall be. v. Leechdoms for puffing up of the maw, and what the patient shall partake of in this disorder. vi. Leechdoms for want of appetite and for nausea, which cometh of the maw, and what the patient shall eat ; four crafts, or skilful recipes . vii. Leechdoms for deadened maw, and if it have bad lymph, and tokens of deadened maw, how that digests not, which it eateth ; six leechdoms. viii. Leechdoms for sore and want of appetite of the maw, which may be cured neither with meat nor drink, and suffereth bitter risings in the throat; four receipts. ix. Leechdoms for an inward wound of the maw x. A leechdom for nausea, and to heat an infirm maw. xi. A leechdom for windy inflation of the maw, and for puffing up. xii. A leechdom for spewing, and in case that a mans meat will not keep down. xiii. A leechdom for flux of the maw. xiv. A leechdom for all infirmities of the maw. xv. A leechdom for irritation of the maw when there is a bitter heart bum in the mouth, or there is belcliing, Book II. Contents. Digitized by Google fol. 59 b. fol. 60 a. 1G0 LiECE BOO. magan pe mete abitepaiS *j pyge)? 1 *j hu fio ablapung ] wey magan cym& op )?am blacum omum. :• .xvi. Laecebomap *j taen Jraep batan omihtan majan ungemet paejta *j J?aep ungefceablice cealban magan tacn hu pe hata omihta maga ungemet Jmpft *j fpol J)popa8 *j neaponeppe *j gefpogunga *j gemobep tpeonunge unlufu ge plaetta • *j hu bone cealban magan ungelic- lice mettap lyfte • lsecebomaf to baera micle *j ej>ele • be lattjie meltunge fumpa metta. .xyii. Lrececpseptap be lippe mipSenlice gecynbo «j ablUm *j hu hio on J?a fpiSpan fiban a]?eneb bij> oj? J?one nufeo)?an • hu luo bi]> ptpheppebu • *j hu luo ip blobep timbep hup *j ^te pex Jung pypcea); lipep- psepce *j lacnung J?apa ealjia «j fpeotol tacn ]?apa ealpa ge be micgean ge be unlufte • ge be hip lnpe • *j oj/ptim manegum tacnum. .xviii. Laecap lsepafi Jnpne laecebom pij> lippe fpyle ‘j ajmnbeneppe. :• .xvmi. Laeceap fecgea)? J?ap tacn be afpollenpie *j gepunbabpe lippe • *j laecebomaf pi8 J?on • «j be ]>aepe lippe heapbunge. .xx. Laecap lsepaiS Jnp pij? jrcepe lippe punbe J>onne pe fpyle ge pypmp tobypft. :• .xxi. Laecebomap *j tacn aheapbobpe lippe • *j ablap- enpe on manigpealbe pifan ge on )>am laeppum ge on J>am upejuim ge on J?am pilmenum ge on }>am holcum J?aepe lippe. .XXII. Laecebomap pij> }>aepe gepelan 8 heajibneppe ]>aepe lippe *j pealpa *j pyptbpencaf o\tye gip hio tobypft -j nij>ep gepit o88e tipaftihft oJ?J>e to langfum pyptS fio ungepele aheapbung J?aepe lippe ; 1 The text has foseft. the fall text we cannot alter to 5 Ab the same reading occurs in unsepelan. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. IL 161 or if the meat turns bitter in the maw and he hic- kets, and how the upblowing of the maw cometh of black bile. xvi. Leechdoms and tokens of the hot inflamed maw, immeasurably fast, and not to be moved , and of the unreasonably cold maw ; tokens how the hot inflamed maw suffers infinite thirst, and swealing heat, and op- pression, and swoonings, and vacillation of the mind, loss of appetite or nausea; and how variety of meats pleases the cold maw ; leechdoms for both, mickle and noble ; and of the late digestion of some meats. xvii. Leechcrafts of the various nature and disorders of the liver, and how it is extended on the right side as far as the pit of the belly, and how it is five lobed, and how it is the material and home of blood ; and that six things work acute pain in the liver, and the cure of all these, and a plain token of them all, either by the urine, or by loss of appetite, or by the mane complexion, and by many other tokens. xviii. Leeches teach this leechdom for swelling and puffing up of the liver. xix. Leeches speak of these tokens of a swollen and wounded liver; and leechdoms for that; and of harden- ing of the liver. xx. Leeches teach this for wound of the liver, when the swelling or matter bursteth forth. xxi. Leechdoms and tokens of a hardened and puffed up liver in manifold wise, either in the lobes, or in the margius, or in the membranes, or in the hollows, of the liver. xxii. Leechdoms for the sense of hardness of the liver, and salves, and wort drinks, or if it burst and descend downwards or mounteth up upwards , 1 or if the insensibility and hardness of the liver become too prolonged. 1 All the viscera vere supposed to get out of place. VOL. II. L Book II. Contents. Digitized by IG2 LiECE BOC. .xxiii. Leecebomaf lipaet him fie to popjanne on lipep able hpaet him fie to healbanne je on laecebo- mum je on mete • tacn p pe fpile J?pman' ne maej ne utypnan on )>aepe lippe. .xxiiii. Laecebomaf *] pyptbpencaf yip eallum lipep paepcum ealjia J?peotyne *j jfp lipep peaxe. :• .xxv, Laecap eac be eallum pambe cojmm *j ablUm fpeotol tacn punbon *j laecebomap *j hu mon J?a ypelan paetan J>aepe pambe lacman fcyle *j j?onne abl to pmye pambe pile pop Jrcepe ypelan omihtan paetan cneop hatiaS 1 lenbenu hepejiaiS papiab J?apa lenbena lipan • tojeoteJ * 2 betpeox fculbptfm utjonj jemenjeb. .xxvi. Laecebomaf jip fio pamb punb brS hu p mon onjitan maeje *j jelScman • v. cpaeptaf. :• .xxvil. Laecebomap be pambe mipSenlicpe jecynbo oppe mipbypbo hu p mon maeje onjitan *j jelacnian be pambe hattpe jecynbo • *j be cealbpe paetpe fol. 60 b. jecynbo *j be hattpe bpijpe jecynbo p haemeb Jnnj ne buje • Jjyppum lichoman *j ne fcepep hatum ne paetum • feopon cpaeptap *j p te haemeb ]nnj fpiftoft ejlab J>am 'Se hopn able habba$. :• .xxviii. Leecebomaf yip }>on pe monnep p upeppe hpip fie jepylleb pi*S ypelpe paetan *j be pinbijpe pambe. :• .xxviiii. Leecebomaf yip )>on pe mete untela mylte *j cippe on pule yple paetan oppe pcittan. :• 1 Read healcia'S ? but hacia'S is in I 2 Read tosetteh from the fhll the full text. | text Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 163 xxiii. Leechdoms, telling what the sick man hath to forego in liver disorder, what he hath to hold by, either in leechdoms or in meat, and tokens that the swelling may not dwindle nor run off in the liver. xxiv. Leechdoms and wort drinks for all liver pains, thirteen in all, and if the liver wax. xxv. Leeches also have found a plain token for all wamb 1 diseases and disorders, and leechdoms, and how a man shall treat the evil humours of the wamb, and when disease will be at the wamb, for the evil in- flammatory humours ; the knees “ are hot,” the loins are heavy, the sinews of the loins are sore, there are spasms between the shoulders, the discharge is of a mixed nature. xxvi. Leechdoms if the wamb be wounded, and how a man may understand that, and how cure it ; five crafts or receipts . xxvii. Leechdoms regarding the various nature and misbehaviour of the wamb, how a man may under- stand and how treat that, and of the hot nature of the wamb: and of its cold and moist nature, and of its hot and dry nature , 2 and how the congressus sexuum is not holesome for a diy body, and how it scatheth not a hot nor a wet one: seven crafts: and that swiving most severely hurteth them who have the disease of foul humours. xxviii. Leechdoms in case that the upper part of the belly of a man be filled with evil humour, and of the windy wamb. xxix. Leechdoms in case that meat digest not well, and turn to foul and evil humour or faeces. 1 The maw is the organ of di- gestion, the stomach ; the wamb is the venter, whatever that may mean. * The “ hot and cold, wet and “ dry ” theory was an attempt of the " rationalis disciplina ” of the Hellenes to arrive at scientific generalizations ; it is traceable among the works attributed to Hip- pokrates and in Aristoteles. L 2 Book II. Contents. Digitized by Google 164 LMCE BOC. .xxx. Laecebomaf jip Jm pille p J?in pamb fie fimle jefunb *j be co8e *j fape be pambe co8e *j mne- papan fape *j to pambe jemetlicunje fyxtyne cpaep- taS. :• .xxxi, Laecebomap tacnunj on J?am poppe fraael J?eapme *j on utjonje hu hie J?popia8 opmaetne )>upfc • *j unluft • *j be hiopa hipe *j ]?am napolan *j paejpeofan *j baee ]?eapme «j mpefeojmn «j milte 1 pcape «j hu un- laecap pena8 f fie lenbenabl o)>)>e mile paepc *j hpaep } a pamb feocan J?a able )>popien «j hu him pie • «j hu fol. cia. hiopa mon nlian peyle peopep pipa. 8 :• .xxxii. Laecebomap hu mon fpa jepabne man lacman pcule • je mib bloblaepe .*j pealpe ba8o laentinj on •J> hpip to Senbanne • )>ap laecebomap majon prS lenbenece • «j jip mon fonbe mije • pij> ut paepce • pi8 majan ablum clapunja *j pipa bebtepneppum • be J^aepe co8e hu man lyfce utjan ne maej • jip pe utjanj fie pinbij y paetepij blobij • xn. pifan. .XXXIII. Laecebomap piS )>aepe ppecnan co8e J?e fe mon hip utjanj )mph 8one mu8 him ppSm pypp8 «j afpipan pceal • pi8 Inno8punbum *j fmael )>eapma fape • *j pi8 tobpocenum mnojrfim *j pi]? poptojeneppe mnan* *j pi8 J?aepe pambe J?e late mylt *j pe ]>apa laece- boma ne ;im8 )?onne becym8 him on paetep bolla lipep paepc miltep pap mi c jean pojihaepbnep pambe ablapunj lenbenpaepc fonb *j fcanaf on blaebpan peaxa8 J?peotyne epaeptap. :• 1 Bead milte | 2 Before erasure, pifan. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 165 xxx. Leechdoms if thou will that thy wamb be al- Bookii. * COMTEKTS ways sound, and of disease and sore ; and of disease of the wamb and sore of the intestines, and for the moderation 1 of the wamb; sixteen receipts. xxxi. Leechdoms and symptoms marking of the rope gut and small gut, and of the faecal discharge ; how they suffer unbounded thirst and loss of appetite; and of their complexion or hue, and of the navel, and the dorsal muscles, and rectum, and pit of the belly, and milt, and share or pubes , and how bad leeches ween that that is loin disease or milt wark, and where the wambsick suffer the disorder, and how it is with them, and how a man shall treat them : four methods. xxxiL Leechdoms how a man shall cure one so afflicted, whether with bloodletting, and salve, and baths, and how to send curatives into the belly. And these leechdoms are efficacious against loin ache, if a man mie sand, for dysentery, for diseases of the maw, and gripirigs, and womens tendernesses, and of the disease where a man would evacuate and is not able ( tenesmus ), and if the discharge be windy, and watery, and bloody. Twelve methods. xxxiii. Leechdoms for the perilous disease in which a man casteth from him and speweth, as they say, his excrement through the mouth ; and for wounds of the inwards, and sore of the small guts, and for laceration of the inwards, and for inward spasm ; and for the wamb which digests late, and the man who is not affected by the leechdoms ; there cometh on him dropsy, pain in liver, sore of spleen, retention of urine, inflation of belly, pain in loins, sand and stones wax in the bladder. Thirteen receipts. 1 The “ temperies ” hot nor too cold. and “ commoderatio Tentris,” that it be neither too Digitized by Google 166 LiECE BOC. .xxxmi. Lsecebomap be peep mannep mihtum fceal fill. 61 b. mon pa laecebomaf pellan pe ponne jepoje fynb • je heapbe • je heoptan • *j* pambe • «j bleebpan «j pojepan* *j hu jeapep hit fie be haBto *j cele *j pip lattpe mel- tunje • o8$e jtp pamb poppeaxen *j po]ipunbob fie • *j jip mon fie mnan popblapen • *j pi8 pambe ppinum 1 •j pcptim* nyjan pipan. .xxxv. Laecebomap be cilba opeppyllo *j pambe *j jtp him mete tela ne mylte *j htm fpat opja *j ftince pule. ' :• .xxxvi. Laecebomaf be milte paepce f he bi8 on pa pinptpan 2 fiban *j tacn 8aepe able hu hijeleafe hi beo8 hu lanj fe milte fie «j be peep miltep pilmene on pa pinfcpan healpe be hleahtpe pe op milte cymS • hu pe milte aejhpaet ppopaS peep pe opep limo je hat je cealb • *j be bee8e *j heemeb pmje *j hpanan fio haeto cume *j cele peep miltep eahta cpeeptaf. :• .xxxvii. Lsecebomaf hu mon fcyle pone monnan Innan *j utan mib cealbum *j hatum leecebomum lac- fol, 62 a. man *j hpilc mete him fie to picjenne «j hpilc him fie to popjanne. :• .xxxviii. Laecebomaf hu mon pceal pa peetan *j pon- pceapta utan lacman *j be pam paetum yplum peep miltep *j prS pltpunje peetan peep miltep. # :• .xxxviiii. Leecebom pip pinbijpe apunbeneppe peep miltef fio cj 7 m8 op eepla sete *j hnuta • pyfena • *j hunijep sete pone pop *j innepopan pambe *j ’ pyjunum in the full text | 2 juntpan, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 167 xxxiv. Leechdoms; and the leechdoms which are suitable to the case shall be administered according to the mans powers, whether in head, or heart, and of wamb, and bladder, and lymph ; 1 and according as the time of year may be, in regard to heat and cold; and for late digestion, or if the wamb be overgrown and wounded ; and if a man be blown out inwardly ; and for prurience, and itchings of the wamb ; nine methods. xxxv. Leechdoms for the overfilling or surfeit of children, and for their wamb, and if their meat digest not well, and if sweat pass from them and stink foully. xxxvi. Leechdoms of pain in the milt, and that the milt is on the left side, and tokens of the disease, how reckless the sick are, and how long the milt is, and of the film or membrane of the milt on the left side, and of splenetic laughter, which cometh of the milt, how the milt suffereth everything of that which other limbs suffer either hot or cold; and of the bath, and of sexual commerce, and whence the heat cometh and the cold of the milt: eight receipts. xxxvii. Leechdoms how a man shall tend the man within and without with cold and hot leechdoms, and what meat he is to take, and what he is to forego. xxxviii. Leechdoms how a man shall cure the hu- mours and the livid complexion by external applica- tions, and of the evil humours of the milt, and of the lubricity of the humours of the milt. xxxix. A leeehdom for a windy swollen state of the milt, which cometh of eating of apples, and of nuts, and of peas, and of honey, and which puffeth up throughout the rope gut, and the intestines, and the 1 Gastric juice. Digitized by Book IL Contents. Google 168 LjECE boc. majan pa geonb blapab • *j pi5 pogepan *j feaban pe op milte cym8 • *j hu fio abl gepent 6n paetep bollan eallep tyn cpacptap. :• .XL. Laecebomaf be ablapunge *j aheapbunge paef blobef on (am milce. : . xli. Laecebomaf pip paepe heapbneppe *j fape miltej* hu mon rnaeg fpinep blaebpan mib ecebe gepylbpe gehnepcan pa heapbneppe y pip eallum inablum ppy cpaeptaS. . xlii. Laecebomaf gtp omihtpe blob *j ypele paetan on pam milre pyn pinbenbe ponne pceal him mon blob laetan on pap pipan pe peop laeceboc fegp • *j be paep blobep hipe. . xli ii. Laecebomap hpaet htm on paepe able to pic- fol. 62 b. genne fie hpaet to jopganne. :• . xliiii. Lsecebom ept pe pe f ypel uttihb op pam unite fpi8e aepele * y pe eac beah pip magan ablapunge •j Innopa hnepcep pa pambe pynnap pa Oman • bitepe hpaecetunge apeg bep *j bpeoft cope • *j pib paepe • *j lipep able *] milte paepe • *] pambe pmb eal pa liht. : .XLV. Laecebomap *j fpibbpenc pip afpollenum. :• .XLVI. Laecebomaf pip gehpaepeppe fiban pape «j tacn punboplicu hpanan fio cume *j hu fio abl topeapb fie • *j hu mon papa tilian pcyle. . xlyii. Laecebomap pa 8e pynnunge haebben *j final- unge maegen • pam lichoman pe pa haeto mebmicle oppe ftpange ppopien *j hu mon feyle fpmef blaebpan on bon. . xlviil Laecebomaf pelpan gip pap oppe helpe ne fyn hu him mon eac blob pcyle laetan. :• . XLvniL Laecebomaf peax pealpa pceappunga pip fiban pape *j hpaet he picgean pcyle. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 169 wamb or Venter, and the maw or stomach, sobbing and watery congestions which come from the milt, and how the disease tumeth into dropsy : in all ten crafts. xl. Leechdoms for inflation and for hardening of the blood in the milt. xli. Leechdoms for the hardness and sore of the milt, and how a man may with a swines bladder filled with vinegar, make nesh the hardness ; and for all its inward diseases; three recipes. xlii Leechdoms in case inflammatory blood and ill humours in the milt are enlarging it: then shall the sick be let blood in these ways which this Leech book saith ; and of the hue of the blood. xliii. Leechdoms telling what during that disorder is to be the diet, and what food is to be foregone. xliv. A leechdom, again, a very noble one, which draweth out the evil out of the milt ; and this leech- dom is also efficacious for puffing up of the maw and of the inwards ; it maketli nesh the wamb, it thinneth the hot secretions, it doth away bitter throat risings, and breast disease, and side pains, pleurisy, and liver disease, and milt pains, and wamb wind; all them it lighteneth. xlv. Leechdoms and a powerful potion for the swollen, xlvi. Leechdoms for sore of either side, and wondrous tokens whence the disease cometh, and how it is imminent, and how it should be dealt with. xlvii. Leechdoms which have the main or virtue of thinning and smalling or small making; for the bodies which suffer a moderate or strong heat, and how a swines bladder should be applied. xlviii. Better leechdoms if these others are not for a help, how, also, the patient shall be let blood. xlix. Leechdoms, and wax salves, and scarifications for sides sore, and a declaration what he, the sick, shall take for diet. Book IL Contents. Digitized by Google 170 • LiECE BOC. .L. Laecebomaf ept pi8 fiban pape. fol 63 a. .Li. Laecebomap prS lunjen able *j laplicu tacn hpanan fio abl eume *j hu mon lacnian fcyle • bpencap *j pealpa *j bjupaf je pi8 lunje punbe *j pp l un 5 e n bpeope • *j jijp lunjen bpupje an tpentij cpaepta. :• . lii. Laecebomaf *j fpipebpencap mannum to haele *j jtp man lnne opep jemet bpece to fpipanne *j ept pece bpenc oppe jip bpenc op men nelle eallef tpentij bpencea. :• . liii. Laecebomaf leohte bpencaf mannum to haelo *j linfpiule bpenceap pi)? untpumum inno)?um ealita cpreptaf. • . lii II* Laecebomap bpencaf pi*iS mfuice £ip ftice butan mno)?e fie. .lv. Lcecebomaf bpencaf pp mon innan pophaepb fie *j pi)? income *j paep cope. .lvi. Laecebomaf pp mon fie on utpsepce *j tacn be utpihte je 6n pam upeppan hpipe je on pam mpeppan hpanan fio abl cume hu m8n hie pcyle lacnian *j hpaet mon picjean fcyle *j ept pip pon jip mon blobe ane utypne *j pip miclum pape *j ablauneppe paep m- fol. 63 b. nopep oppe jtp mon pop poppep untpumneppe utypne oppe pp hpa blobpyne ppopije on pam mpeppan baelum hip lichoman oppe pp hpam pie micje on blob pp hio jehpyppp • o88e pp mon Gtjanj naebbe *j ept fit- ypnenbe bpip jfip «j hunb feopontij laeceboma. :• . lvii. Laecebomap pip peapmep fitjanje pp men bilyhte fie ymb pone peapm *j pift blaec 1 peapmef Gtjanje nijon pipan. :• 1 Read b»c. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 171 L Leechdoms again for sides sore, that is, 'pleurisy . Bookii. li. Leechdoms for lung disease and loathsome tokens CoNTENTS * or symptoms, whence the disease cometh and how one shall cure it ; drinks, and salves, and brewits, be it for lung wound, or if a lung perish, or if 'a lung get dry ; one and twenty crafts or recipes, lii. Leechdoms and spew drinks for men for their health : and if a man strain himself above measure to spew, and again a weak drink, or if a drink or drcmght of medicine will not pass away from a man. In all twenty drinks. liii. Leechdoms and light drinks for men for their health, and unspewing drinks, or potioris not emetic, for infirm inwards ; eight crafts. liv. Leechdoms and drinks for an inward stitch, and if there be a stitch outside the inwards. lv. Leechdoms and drinks if a man be inwardly bound up, and for inward disease, and sudden disease. lvi. Leechdoms if a man be afflicted with painful evacuation, and tokens of dysentery, either in the upper part of the belly or in the nether, and whence the disease cometh, and how a man shall cure it, and what a man shall take for diet; and again in case that a man evacuate with blood only, and for mickle sore and upblowing of the inwards, or if a man, from infirmity of the rope gut or colon, have diarrhoea, or if one suffer a bloodrunning in the nether parts of his body, or if any ones mie or urine be of blood, or if it tumeth , 1 or if a man have no evacuation, and again an outrunning brewit for diawhoea ; seventy- five leechdoms. lvii. Leechdoms for outgoing of the gut, and if Prolapsus. boils come on a man about the gut, and for outgoing of the gut; nine methods. 1 Cloudy. Digitized by Google 172 LJ2CE BOC. foL 64 a. . lvtii. Laecebomaf be )?aepe able pe ftanap on men Innan jepeaxen on paepe blaebpan obbe ellep hpaep *j racn pae pe able be halpa manna *j unhalpa micjea hipum *j bpilcne mete mon picjean fcyle oppe popjan tpentij cpaepta. :• . lyiiii. Laecebomap pi)? paepe healpbeaban able *j hpanfin fio cume *j hu mon lacman .pcyle pealpa *j onlejena *j pyptbpencaf • oppe pp neb o)?)?e heapob fap fie be babe *j bloblaepe* *j p fio abl aep peopeptijum o)?J?e piptijum pmtpa on monnan ne becume • y be )?am pu)?epnan pyptecebbpence an *j tpentij cpaepta. .lx. Laecebomap pi)? pipa jecynbum popfetenum *j eallum pipa tybepneppum Jip pip beapn ne maeje je- bepan o)?)?e jip beapn peop)?e beab on pipep InnoJ?e oSSe jip hio cennan ne meeje bo on hipe jypbelp )?ap jebebo fpa on }?ifum laecebocfim pejp *j manijpealb tacn p mon maeje onjitan hpaepep bit bype cilb )?e maeben cilb beon pille • pi)? pipa able • *] jfp pip mijan ne maeje* *j Jip pip ne maeje jiabe beon jeclaenpob *j pi)? pipa blobpibtan • *j jtp pip op jemynbum fie *j jtp pu pille p ptp cilb haebbe oppe tipe hpelp oppe jip men cpiS pie poppeaxen • oppe jip man Semnmja fpijie • an •j peopeptij cpaepta. :• . LXI. Laecebom pip paepe jeolpan able pib paem rniclan lice • bolhbpencaf tpejen opep maej pip lunjen punbe eac. . lxi i. Laecebomaf pip miclum heapob ece paepce pealp to pon llcan • leali eajpealpa jebeb to eajUm. •• . lxiii. Laecebom pip peopable pip lunjenable *j pip Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 173 lviii. Leechdoms for the disease in which stones wax Book n. » « Contents in a man within in the bladder or elsewhere ; tokens of the disease by the hues of the urines of men, healthy and unhealthy, and what meat a man should take or forego; twenty crafts. lix. Leechdoms for the half dead disease or hemiplegia , and whence it cometh, and how a man shall treat it, salves and onlayings, or external applications , and wort drinks; or if the face or head be sore, of bath and bloodletting, and that the disease cometh not on a man before the age of forty or fifty winters, and of the southern acid wort drink oxymel; one and twenty crafts. lx. Leechdoms for the obstruction of the naturalia of women and for all tendernesses of women ; if a woman may not bear a bairn, or if a bairn become dead in a womans inwards, or if she may not kindle or bring it into the lights put upon her girdle these prayers, according as it saith in these leechbooks ; and a mani- fold token that a man may understand whether it will be a boy child or a maiden child, and for disease of women, and if a woman may not mie, and if a woman may not easily be cleansed, a and for haemorrhage of ‘Ofsecundin®. women, and if a woman be out of her mind, and if thou will that a woman have a child, or a bitch a whelp, or if matrix in a woman be overgrown, or if a woman should suddenly grow silent: one and forty crafts. lxi. A leechdom for the yellow disease or jaundice , and for the mickle body or elephantiasis ; and two drinks for wounds, one of which is valid for a lung wound also. lxii. Leechdoms for the mickle head ache and for head wark, and a salve for that ilk, and a ley and eye salves, and a prayer for the eyes. lxiii. A leechdom for the dry disease, and for lung disease, and for painful evacuation ; and if one spew Digitized by Google LiECE BOC. fol. 64 b. fol. 65 a. Alexander Trallianus, lil vii. cap. 4 , ed. R. Stephani, 1548. 174 ? utpeepce • *j jip raon blobe fpipe • *j pij> blobpyne • *j jip lim peepinja ace« *j pi)? blaece on *jplitan. :• . lxiiil Lcecebom pe monian 1 pij? inno)?ep pophsepb- neppe *j jutomon* 2 prS milte paepce *j face fpican pi)? utpihtan bpacontjan pij? pule hopap on men • *j alpan pi)? untpymneppum • *j jalbanep pi)? neappfim bpeofcum • balzaman . fmipinj pi)? eallfim untpfim- nepplim *j petpaolefim to bjimcanne anpealb pi)? innan tybepneppe *j utan to fmeppanne • *j typiaca ip job bpenc pi)? inno)? tybepneppum • *j pe hpita ifcan pift ealltim uncu]?um bpocum. .. .lxy. Laecebom jip hopf pie opfcoten *j pi)? titpaepce • •j Jip utjanj popfeten pie • *j pi)? lencten able • ept pi)? utpaepce *j pi)? unlybbum *j pi)? J?aepe jeolpan able *j jip men fie paeplice ypele *j to jehealbanne lichoman haelo *j pi)? jic)?an *j selue *j pi)? lonb able *j jonjel- paeppan bite • *j pib utpihte heapob pealpa. . lxvl be )?am ftane J?e jajatep hatte. . lxvil Be paeje elep *j o)?eppa mipSenlicpa )?inja. :• [1] bip Sint tacn abliep majan • aepeft jelome fpaetunja >• o8oe hpaecunja • cipnef pe man hme jelome to fpi- panne • *j he onpmbej? fpile p )?a oman beo8 mne betynbe J?uph J?a ablapunje • *j him bi8 une)?e )?upft jetenje. 6ac op )?aep majan able cumaS momje y mipSenlica abla jebopfcena punba *j hpamma h pylle paepc *j pienba abl • *j micla mupnunja *j unpotneppa butan )?eappe oman unjemetlica mete poena *j unjemetlice unluftaf *j cipneppa • fapa mable on pipep 1 Read j*camonian, -which is mentioned elsewhere in this book II. iii. 3., and is a strong purgative. 2 Read gut ammon. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. IT. 175 blood, and for blood running ; and if a limb suddenly ache, and for a blotch on the face. lxiv. A leechdom ; scamony for constipation of the inwards, and ammoniac drops for pain in the milt, and stitch, and spices 1 for diarrhoea, and gum dragon for foul disordered secretions on a man, and aloes for infirmities, and galbanum for oppression in the chest and balsam dressing for all infirmities, and petroleum to drink simple for inward tenderness, and to smear outwardly, and a tryacle, that is a good drink, for inwards tendernesses, and the white stone, lapis Alabastrites , for all strange griefs. lxv. A leechdom if a horse be elf shot, and for pain in evacuation of the faeces, and if the evacuation be stopped, and for the “lent disease,” or typhus ; again for pain in evacuation, and for poisons, and for the yellow disease or jau/ndice, and if sudden evils come on a man ; and to preserve the bodys health, and against itch and elf, and for “land disease” or nos- talgia, and for bite of the gangway weaver, spider, and for diarrhoea and head salves. lxvi. Of the stone which agate hight. lxvii. Of the weight of oil, and of other various things. Book II. Contents. These are tokens of diseased maw ; first, frequent spittings or hreakings, choiceness or a daintiness about food, and for the man to spew frequently ; and he will have a sense of swelling, and that the hot inflamed humours are shut up within him by the inflation ; and an uneasy thirst is contingent upon him. Also from disease of the maw come many and various diseases of bursten wounds, and cramps, and epilepsy, and fiends disease, and mickle murmurings and uneasiness without 1 Cinnamon is much administered. y' Digitized by Google 176 l*:ce BOC. jecynbon *j on potum «j blsebpan • *j on unmobe • «j on unjemec pieccfim 1 * * *j unjepitlico popb • pe maja bip neah faepe heoptan «j paepe jelobp •* jeaboptenje pam bpaej[cn] e • op pam cumab pa abla fpipofc op pajp majan intin jan *j on 8 * yplfim peapum paetan attepbepenbum • ponne ba paetan 4 pa ypelan peoppap jejabejiobe on pone majan • *j paep pixiab mib pceappunja innan • fol. 65 b. fpipofc on pam monnum pe habbab fpipe jepelne *j fapcpenne majan fpa p lne fume fomnunja fpelcap • ne majcn abepan pa fcpanjan pceappunja paepa aetepna paecena • hpilum pypmaf op pam inpeppan 5 baelfim jepecab pa upeppan baelap co pam majan • *j eac heopccope pypceab • *j anjneppa *j jefpopunja fpa pte hpilum fume men ppam papa pypma plicunje fpeltab •j pojipeoppab • pop pon paem mannfim beah p him mon on ppuman pa metcap jipe pe celunje *j fcpanjunje maejen haebben fpa fpa 6 beop aeppla nalep co fpete eallep ac pupmelfce «j pejian *j pepfticap hlap jebon on cealb paecep oppe on hac be paepe jelicunje paep majan pe pa ypelan paetan fceoppenban *j fceappan liaepb. pip beah eac on ppuman pam be pa heopccobe •j p jefceopp bpopiab aelcpa jepifc p him mon lyclum pa metcap pelle pa pe late melcen • leax 7 *j pa pixap pa be late meltan jope inneple 8 *j fpmef pet pa be maejen pip habban 0 pam ypelan paetan • ponne him pel fie ponne picje he fpetpan mettaf • ne bip him fol. 66 a. nanpuht pelpe ponne he pa picje pa pe late melcen 10 y 1 The construction is faulty ; it should be 'j unmob ^ unsemetjnecce. * Read gelobpe ? See Lye in geloba. Also bp»£e, MS * Read op. 4 At this point our author skips over seven folio pages and goes on at lib. vii. cap. id, p. 114, ed. 1548. 4 The interpreter omits oi tt}j £oo j k&kkqi , the seeds of the pomegranate , and /ioW* iva y nectarines , and h ova- rrjpby teal \puxphy (x owra o’reuftvXhf grapes of a dry and cold flavour. 9 Read niheppan. 7 The interpreter takes ierucol for salmon , esoces t as was and is usual ; and he neatly escapes fiov\0a, errlpyioy , tear ax ol, cray fish , tcrlyia , scallops , Kiipvtcia, conch shell fish . 8 Read mnelye. 9 Read habban pi>. 10 Our interpreter here varies from the printed text, which recommends frequent snacks of food ; very wisely. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 177 occasion, and erysipelatous eruptions, and immoderate Book IL desires for meat, and immense want of appetite, and l ' daintinesses, and sore internal diseases in foemuue natu- ralibus, that is, the utenw, and in the feet, and in the bladder, and despondency, and immoderately long wak- ings, and witless words. The maw is near the heart and the spine, and in communication with the brain, from which the diseases come most violently, from the cir- cumstances of the maw, and from evil juices, humours venombearing. Then the evil humours get gathered into the maw, and there they rule with excoriations within ; especially in the men who have a very sensitive and soon sore maw, so that some of them suddenly die; they are not able to bear the strong excoriating effects of the venomous humours. At whiles worms from the nether parts seek the upper parts, up as far as the maw ; and they also work heart disease , 1 and oppressive sensations, and swoonings ; so that some- times some men by the gnawing of the worms die and go to the dogs. Wherefore it is well for those men, that at the first the meats be given them whicli have the virtue of cooling and strengthening, such as be apples, by no means too sweet, but by all means sourish, and pears, and peaches, and loaf bread put into cold water or into hot, according to the liking of the man which hath the evil humours scarifying and sharp. This also is of importance in the first place to them who suffer the heart disease 2 and the abrasion ; it is fitting that one should give them by little at a time the meats which tardily digest, as lax or salmon , and the fishes which slowly digest, goose giblets, and swines feet, and such Contradicts as have a virtue against the evil humours; and when lie 3 is better, then let him partake of sweeter meats. 1 Tlie Saxon version misses the author had himself many times meaning of /capSuwcds tiiaOtcrus. said. - KcpSiaAyiay, disease of the 3 The previous clauses were plural digestive organ , as the Hellenic unless ftpopiati stand for ‘Spopatf. VOL. II. M Digitized by Google 178 LjECE boo. Alex. Trail., cap. ly.j ed. 1548 . fol. 66 b. fpa j?eah ne fynb fcitole • Jncje to unbepnep hlap je- bpocenne on hat paetep 1 oppe eeppla bepmbebe. 2 6fic bij? job pultum on jobum pyptbpencum fpa laecap pypcaS • op ecebe *j op pmolep pypttpuman «j op pmbe • *j op alpan *j op bopan hunije - s jemenj p *j pele pasy cudep pulne oppe tpejen J>onne hnepcafi p pa, pambe tpymej? • *j p beah yip bpeoft paepce yip heoptcoj?e *j pi® pellepaepce • *j yip pon pe mon fie on j?am majan omijpe paetan jepylleb • *j piS manejum ablum p beah • Sa pe cumaS op opeppyllo • *j op mifpenhcum yplum paetnim. jip hie cumen op opeppyllo mib fpipe )?an 4 hy mon pceal lytlian. jip hie jxmne cumaS op o}?pum bitepfim *j ypelum paettim pa, pe pypceaS Oman )>onne beoji pa, elcpan to fnllanne opp pe hie unftpanjpan peopjmn • fpijwft jip pa, paetan beoS Jncce *j plipejpan. be pambe cope oppe jfp op paejie pambe anpe pa, ypelan paetan cumen -j ne opepypnen ealne J>one licho- man p mon pceall mib halpenblim mettum anum lac- man - 5 jip J^onne fio ypele paete op pa&jxe pambe opep- ypnej> ealne ]?one lichoman pvey mon pceal mib mapan lacnunje tilian • hpilum him mon pceal op aebpan blob laetan jip peey blobep to pela pmce *j peojie yplan paetan y eac pyptbpenc pellan. Ac aepeft mon pceal blob laetan aeptep J?on pyptbpenc pellan. .u. Pip papfim *j aj)unbenum majan jemm ele jebo hpit cpuba bile fuj>epne pepmob on J>one ele 1 \j/vxp6y. Al. Trail. i * fitXiros AttucoO, A. T. * If firj\ov fi tcirpov itcrbs rod AeVouf j 4 Not very literally. ainov, A. T. | * Alex. Trail has more words. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. IT. 179 Naught is better for him than that lie take those which digest late, and are notwithstanding not purga- tive ; let him eat at undem, or nine o'clock, loaf bread broken into hot water, or apples peeled. There is also good support in good wort drinks, as leeches work them, of vinegar, and of fennels roots, and of its rind, and of aloes, and of dumbledores 1 honey; mix that up and administer a spoonful of it or two, then that maketh the wamb nesh and firm ; and it is efficacious against breast wark, and heart disease, and epilepsy, and in case that a man be filled with inflammatory hu- mour in the maw, and that is valid against many dis- orders which come of surfeit and of various evil humours. If they are come of surfeit with spewing, by that remedy shall they be lessened. If however they come of other bitter and evil humours, which work inflammations, then are the latter to be stilled till that they become less strong; chiefly if the humours be thick and rather slippery. 2 2. Of wamb disease, or if the evil humours come from the wamb alone and do not overrun the whole body, that case shall be treated with healing meats alone. If moreover the evil humour from the wamb overrunneth the whole body, this shall be dealt with by means of the stronger remedies : at whiles one shall let him blood from a vein, if there seems to be too much of the blood and of the evil humour, and also give a wort drink; but he shall first be let blood and after that have the wort drink given him. ii 1. For a sore and swollen maw ; take oil, and put mastic, and dill, and southern wormwood into the oil. 1 Attic. 2 y\ iaxpoi. M 2 Book II. Ch. i. Digitized by Google ISO L.ECE BOC. fol. 67 a. fol. 67 b. last ftanban J?peo niht *j jebo ■}) };a pyjita pyn je- pobene on ];am ele • jebo Sontie on hnepce pulle fmipe ]>one majan mib. 6pt pij? ]?on llean jerinn ealbne pyple jetpipula on tpeopenum moptepe menj prS aejef •]; hpite bo on claS leje on. pi]> paptim majan ept jebo on peapmne ele )?a pypt • )>e hatte penojpecum *j laupep cpoppan *j bile fmipe ]?one majan nub j;y. :• PiJ? papum majan pejbp^ban peap *j eceb bo on cla8 leje on. 6pt jip pe maja apunben fie o^e a]?eneb • jemm );flep peleftan pinef *j jpenef elep fpilc healp feoj? pepraobep cpoppan bo on hnepce pulle fmipe mib. Selle him J?onne plaepc etan lyteljia puhta fmseljia pujla jepo- benpa *j jebpaebpa *j manijpealb aeppelcyn pepan aepemn- jap« piSan opJ?8enba *j jefobena on ecebe on paetjie *j on pine pel fceappum. pi]; j'apum majan • pofan leapa .v. o]>J?e . vit. oSSe nijon *j pipopef copna empela jejmb fmale *j on hatum pgetepe pele bpincan. 6ft: pi}> ]>on llcan jemm op pmhnyre .xx. jechenfobpa cypnela cymenep fpa imcel fpa Jm maeje nnb J?pim pinjpum popepeapbum jeniman jetpipula J>onne bollan pulne pyl on moptepe jebo cealbef paetepep to .II. jobe bollan pulle pele Sonne sepelt f healp to bpmcanne. 6pt ip onlejen 1 to tpymmanne J;one majan *j to bmbanne aepteji utpihtan o)?)?e jeptep pyptbpence je- bfopnebne hlap claenne feo); on ealbum pme jip J>u liaebbe • jip hit fie fumop bo pepmobef febef bupt to feoj; mtjsebepe bo on claS opepfmit mib ele leje on ]>one majan • jip hit fie pintep ne ];eappt ]m ];one pepmob to bon. .III. Be jefpelle «j j ape Jrcep majan • jip le man j; msejen luebbe laet lnm blob feptep );on mib J;y ele fmipe };e 1 'V.xlSfUCL Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 181 let it stand three nights, and arrange that the worts Book II. be sodden in the oil, then put that upon nesh wool, €ht Vit smear the maw therewith. Again, for that ilk; take old lard, triturate it in a treen mortar, mingle there- with the white of an egg, put on a cloth and lay on. For a sore maw, again ; put the wort into warm oil, which hight fenugreek, and bunches of laurel flowers, and dill ; smear the maw with that. 2. For a sore maw ; put on a cloth juice of way- broad and vinegar; lay on. Again, if the maw be swollen or distended ; take some of the best wine, and of green oil half so much, seethe the heads of worm- wood therein, put this on nesh wool, smear therewith. Then give him the flesh to eat of little creatures, as of small fowls, sodden and roasted, and manifold kinds of apples, peai*s, medlars, peas moistened and sodden in vinegar and in water, and in pretty sharp wine. For a sore maw ; leaves of rose, five, or seven, or nine, and of pepper corns as many, rub them small, and administer in hot water to be drunk. Again, for that ilk ; take twenty cleansed kernels of the nuts of the stone pine, and of cummin so much as thou mayest take up with the tips of three fingers, then triturate a bowl full, boil in a mortar, add of cold water two good bowls full, then give the half themof in the first instance to be drunk. 3. Again, here is an onlay a or application to com- ■ fort the maw, and to bind it after the diarrhoea, or after a wort drink ; seethe clean toasted bread in old wine, if thou have it; if it be summer, add dust of the seed of wormwood, seethe together, put on a cloth, smudge over with oil, lay on the maw ; if it be winter, thou needst not apply the woAnwood. iii. Of swelling and sore of the maw ; if the man have the strength to bear it , let him blood; after that, Digitized by Google 182 LiECE BOO* pa pypta fyn on jepobene pe pe ®p nembon • aeptep pon mib hate humje fmipe *j opeppceabe ponne mib hpitep cpibuep *j alpan bufte pipopep hpaet hpeja • opeplecje • ponne mib lmene da8e o88e mib eopo- cijpe pulle *j pele pepmob on peapmum paetepe tpam nihtum aep opjotenne pe pam omtim ftille • *j pele ponne jepipopobne pyptbpenc • *j Sonne pceal mon )mi men mib bpium hanbum on mopjenne *j on sepenne fol. 68 a. pa hanba *j pa pet jmban fpiSe pyn • *j jip hit fie job pebep he him on unbepne jipe • janje him ut hpibep hpeja fume hpile • jip hit ne fie pebep janje him m jeonb hip huf. •mi. Pip heapbum fpile paep majan pele pu him pealte mettap *j hapan plsepc *j eopopef • puban pypttpuman • ceppan • pcip pin • *j eaSmelte mettap onlejena utteonbe pone heapban fpile • *j bse8 penba ftneppunja pypce op ele *j op pepmobe • *j op hpitum cpibue «j pme • bepe Sonne fmipe mib py • opleje ponne mib eopecijpe pulle *j befpepe • jemm eSc milfce aeppla jebo neah- tepne on pin ponne jefeo8 • jefpete ponne p pop mib humjef teape Jepipepa mib .xx. copna pele him ponne on mopjenne lytelne bollan pullne o88e cudep pulne pup jepophfcep bpmcan. .V. Lsecebom pip paep majan apunbenneppe • paep mannep pet *j hanba man pceal fpipe on mopjentibum p^n • *j hme mon pceal fprSe hlube hatan jpaeban o88e Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 183 smear with the oil on which the worts, which we ere named, have been sodden ; after that smear with hot honey, and sprinkle over with dust of mastic and aloes, and somewhat of pepper; then overlay this with a linen cloth or with ewes wool, and give him worm- wood in warm water, poured off the woimwood two nights {days) previously, that it may still the inflam- mation , 1 and then administer a peppered wort drink; and then one shall at morning and evening rub smartly and squeeze the mans hands and feet with dry hands, and if it be good weather let him at undem, that is at nine in the morning, by Gods grace, go out somewhither for a while ; if it be not fair weather, let him walk about within his house. iv. For a hard swelling of the maw ; give the sick salt meats, and hares and boars flesh, roots of rue, and cresses, and sheer {clear) wine, and easily digested meats, and applications drawing out the hard swelling, and baths ; work moist smearings, that is, lotions, of oil and wormwood, and of mastic and wine ; bathe him , then smear with that, then overlay with ewes wool, and swathe up; take also mild apples, put them for the space of a night into wine and then seethe them ; then sweeten the wash or infusion with virgin honey, and pepper it with twenty peppercorns ; then give him in the morning a little bowl full or a spoon full of the thus wrought potion to drink. v. A leechdom for swelling of the maw ; one shall in the morning hours squeeze hard the mans feet and hands, and one shall bid him cry or sing very loud. 1 \cy norh, I suppose. Book II. Ch. iii. Digitized by 184 LiECE BOC. linjan *j hine mou peel neahrnepcijne 1 tyliran *j jpe- fol. 68 b. rnian Co fpipannc • *j on mopjen finipepan mib cle on pam be fie jepoben pube *j pepmob *j pa aep jenem- neban metrcap picje. .VI. 1 Pip unlufre *j plaerran pe op majan cymb *j be hip mere • pele him neahtnefrijliin pepmob oS8e ppeo- bpeab 2 jebon on pceapp pin pele neahmepnjum • *j aeptep pon pealre mecraf mib ecebe jefpere • *j jepenobne fenep paebic picjen *j ealle pa merraf je bpincan pa pe habban har maejen *j fceapp pele picjean • *j jebeopli p hie unjemelmeppe ne ppopian • *j 50b pin jehaec *j hlucro^ picjen on neahc nejTij • *j neahr. neptije lapien on humj • *j pecen him bpoc on onpabe • •j on paene obbe on pon pe hie a ppopian maejen. 6pc pip mecep unlufre • jemm fupepne cymen oppaene mib ecebe abpije bonne • *j jejnib 6n moptepe • *j pnolef paebep • *j bilep ppeo cucleji mael jejmb eall cojasbepe jeece pipopep ppeo cuclep mael *j puban fni. 69 a. leapa .VII. cuclep mael *j psep felepran humjep afipenep an punb • jetpipula eal tojaebepe • yce ponne mib ecebe lpa pe pmce p hir fie on pa onlicnejye jepophr pe fenop bib jetemppob ro mpifan • jebo ponne on jlaep paer • *j ponne mib hlape obbe mib fpa hpilcum mete fpa pu pille lapa on ^ nyrra je peah pu mib cuclepe p fupe paer hylpp • pipep pu nyrra je on aepenne • je on unbepne • nip p pip pam unlufre anum job paep majan • ac eallum pam lichoman p beah. pip merep unlufre bpeopje bpoprlan on paerpe op- paenbe • jejnib mib ecebe pele bpincan pib plaertan. pip 1 neahtejxisne, MS. j lianus, lib. vii., cap. 7, pp. 108, 109 ed. 1548. In thc first 5cntencc * beabjieab ? ■pfo*,,.. one of the are Borne traces of Alexander Tral- ingredients in A. I. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 185 and one shall exhort him after his nights fast, and pro- voke him to spew; and in the morning smear him with oil on which has been sodden rue and worm- wood, and let him diet on the before named meats. vi. Against want of appetite and nausea which cometh from the maw, and from the mans meat ; give him after his nights fast wormwood or beebread, put into sharp wine ; give it him at night fasting, and after that salt meats with sweetened vinegar, and prepared mustard, and radish to eat, and make him eat all the meats and drinks which have a hot and sharp quality; and beware that “they” suffer not indigestion, and let them take at night fasting good wine heated and clear ; and let them after the nights fast lap up honey ; and let them seek for themselves fatigue in riding on horse- back, or in a wain, or such conveyance as they may ever endure. Again, for want of appetite for meat; take southern or Italian cummin, moisten it with vinegar, then dry it and rub it to pieces in a mortar, and of fennel seed, and of dill, three spoon measures, rub all together, add of pepper three spoon measures, and of leaves of rue seven spoon measures, and of the best strained honey one pint ; triturate all together ; eke it out then with vinegar as may seem fit to thee, so that it may be wrought into the form in which mustard is tempered for flavouring ; put it then into a glass vessel, and then with bread or with what- ever meat thou choose, lap it' up, and make use of it ; even though thou shouldst sup it up with a spoon, that will help. This use thou either at even or at nine o'clock. The remedy is not good for wanjb of appetite of the maw only, but it is valid for all the body. For want of appetite for meat ; rub up with vinegar pennyroyal moistened in water, give it to be drunk against nausea. For want of appetite again ; give to Book II. Ch. v. Digitized by Google 186 LJSCE BOC. unlufte eft mSntan pipopep nijan copn jejmben on pine pele bpincan. .VII. ’Arovia, want Dir fceal pi8 abeabobum maxan* Teriim humxer H less, of Alex. ece ° tojsebepe jemenjeb *j jebeatenne pipop pele on fulne neahtneptijum nyttije fceap- metta- *j set bafe mib finope jmbe *j fineppe. Sele him eSc neahtneptijum fip • jenim eceb pi)? jlaebenan jemenjeb hpaethpeja *j lanjep pipopep ,x. copn offe cpoppan *j fenep menje eall tojaebepe • *j tpipolije pele mhtneftijtim an cnclep msel • jefenc 8u fonne hpsefpe fte ealle fa aep jenemneban laecebomap *j fa ffiptep ppitenan ne fculon on ane fpaje to lanje beon to jebone Sc fculon pgec habban betpeonum *j pefte • hpilum tpejen bajaf hpilum fpy • *j fonne him mon blob lrnte on sebpe on fam bajtim ne bo him mon nanne ofepne laecebSm to • nymfe ymb .v. mht offe ma. Jhf popfdjenum majan offe afunbenum • jemm hpyfepen plsepc jepoben on ecebe *j mib ele jepenob mib f ealte • bile • *j pop f lcje p feop on mht fonne liht p fone jefpenceban majan • J?if fynb tacn abea- bobep majan p he fij8 ne jemylt p • Sc pe jefijeba mete hepejaf fone majan *j he fone pammeltan fuph 8a pambe utpent. Trail., lib. vu., monienne cuclen cap. 8 ; p. Ill, * J line 15, ed. pepa bpincena- *j .VIII. Pif pape *j unlufce faep majan fe fe ne maBj ne mib mete ne mib bpincan beon jelacnob *j bitepe hpeecetunje • Ntm centaupian p ip pelteppe fume • fol. 70 a. hata8 hypbe pypt • fume eop8 jeallan jejmb Sn punb Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 187 drink mint and nine corns of pepper rubbed small in wine. Book LL Ch. vi. vii. This shall apply for a deadened maw ; 1 take some honey and vinegar mingled together, and pepper beaten up, give in the morning a spoon full of it to the man after his nights fast, let him employ sharp drinks and meats; and at the bath let him rub and smear him- self with mustard. Give him also, after his nights fast, this : take vinegar mingled with somewhat of gladden, and of long pepper ten corns or clusters, and mustard ; mingle all together, and triturate; give him after a nights fasting, one spoon measure. Then consider thou, notwithstanding, that all the aforenamed leechdoms and v the after written ones, shall not be to be done at one too long season, but must have space and rest between them, whilom two days, whilom three ; and when one lets him blood on a vein, on those days let none other leechdom be done to him, except about five days later or more. For a stomach troubled with hicket or puffed up, take beeves flesh sodden in vinegar and with oil, prepared with salt, and dill, and porrum, let the sick diet on that for seven days, then that relieves the labouring maw. These are tokens of . a deadened maw ; what he taketh, that melteth or digests not, but the meat swallowed oppresseth the maw, and it sendeth out the half digested food through the wamb. viii. For soreness and loss of appetite in that maw, . which may not be cured neither with meat nor with drink, and for the bitter hreaking or retching ; take centaury , 2 that is fel terne, some call it herdsmans 1 Now called a torpid liver. | - Erythrcea centaur turn. Digitized by Google 188 LiECE BOC. *j jebo Jjsejton hatep paotejief .mi. bollan pulle pele him neaht neprijum bpmcan J?py bajaf. 6pt jemm J?a jieabe netlan upepeapbe hsebbenbe pieb ajjpeah claene *j pypce to iupanne. 6pt jpenef mepcep • jetpipulabep j eap *j appunjenep pele bpmcan • •j on J?a llcan pipan pele lnm bpmcan hunan peap. 6j:r prS majan pape puban *j mmtaii • bile • bpeopje bpofrlan • ajpimoman fume hacaft japclipe • *j cepfan jecnua ealle on pme o]>)>e on ealab pele voice baeje to bpmcanne. .vim. Pi ) 7 Inpunbe majan • mm gate meoluc J?onne hio pup)>fim amolcen fie pele bpmcan • fume peapme eopo meoluc bpmcab pi)? majan fape • fume )>one pelefran ele jepypmebne • fume )?ij? )?a jare meoluc menj&S oj> \) hie fpipaS hi be yj? fpipan rnajon. .x. 'V ib plmttau *j ro luefanne majan • pjetep bepoben on pepmobc- ^ on bile o)> )>onc |?pibban bgel pele f fbl. 70 b. bpmcan j> pypmb -j heapba)? jwnc majan. .XI. • npbj a Pi]? ajmnbeneppe *j ejmnje majan • pinolep pypttpu- Tf^^ibAiT man *j niepcef op jeor mib fcipe pme ealbe *j op pon cap. 10; p. H2, j ele bpmcan nehtnepnjtfm .II. bollan pulle lyrle. J?i|> the remedies 1 11 ptnbijpe ajmnbeneppe majan ro pypmanne fonc ceal- differ. ban majan • puban • *j bile • mmran • «j mepce fynb- pije pceapaf jefeob on )?pim ceac 2 pullum pmrejief J^eji ne fie buran an pul fele ]>onne f puetep bpmcan. 1 The method of Alex. Tral- lianus is, it seems, kept in view ; Ucpi ru>y Si afirrpov dvop«*c- •to(nrrwv f lib. vii., cap. 7 ; p. 109, ed. 1548. 2 ceacum ? Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 189 wort, some earth gall, rub small a pound of it, and apply thereto four bowls full of hot water ; givo it to the sick to drink for three days after his nights fast- ing. Again, take the upper part of the red nettle, While having seed, wash it clean, and work it up to sup. Again, administer to drink juice of green marche triturated and wrung out, and in the same wise, give him to drink juice of Aorehound. Again, for sore of maw ; rue and mint, dill, dwarf dwosle, agrimony, some call it garcliff, and cress, pound them all in wine or in ale, give of this each day to drink. Book ll. Ch. viii. ix. For an inward wound of the maw ; take goats milk just when it is milked, administer to be drunk. Some drink for sore of maw warm ewe milk, some the best oil warmed, some mingle that with the goats milk till they spew, that they may spew the more easily. x. For nausea and to heat the maw ; water sodden on wormwood and on dill, down to the third part, give the man that to drink ; it warmeth and hardeneth the maw. xi For puffing up and blowing of the maw ; overpour roots of fennel and marche with clear old wine, aud of that give the sick to drink after his nights fast two little bowls full. For a windy puffing up of the maw, to warm the maw, rue and dill, mint and marche ; seethe bundles of them separate in three jugs full of water, and continue seething so that there be only one cup ; then administer the water to be drunk. Digitized by 190 LJRCE BOC. .XII. ■ npos t/ieroy. m Vi? fpipj?an prS )?on J?e him mete unbep ne je- pumje • jemm finpullan jejmb on fceapp pin pele bollan pilne to jebpmcanne aeptep aepen jepeopce • jemm pi)? )>on llcan pmolep peapep tpejen baelaf hum* jep aenne feoj? op p p haebbe hunijef jncneppe pele poime neaht neptijum cuclep mael pull* p plaettan jeftipe? p lunjenne bet p lippe heel?. pi? miclan fpipej?an *j be ne maeje nanne mete jehabban • jeriim 1 . 71 a. bilep paebep ane yntpan • pipopep peopep • cymenep ppeo jejmb {pipe finale • bo J?onne on paetep pe paepe mmte on jepoben *j fupe aeppla o??e pinjeapbep tpiju upepeapb meppe jip pe mon ne fie on peppe yce mib pine *j pele bpincan j?onne ne to pefte jan pille • *j le 2 utan on J?one majan jefobene pubu aepla *j hlapep cpumSn ^ fpilce onlejena. .XIII. ‘'PtvfAaTtfffAos, ponne pceal Jnp pij? J?aep majan fppinje SGm pype cyn hatte lenticulaf ete )?apa hunb teontij bpeappa. €pt pceappep ecebep jefupe pjieo cuclep mael ]?onne he plapan pille on aepen. .XIIII. J)ip eallum majan untpumneppum • jentm pinolep pypttpuman utepeapbpa p p&ji maeppoft fie abo op p&m pinole fpa micel fpa opep bealp punb fie • jeot 1 The method of Alex. Trallianus paxov dirffiodpra tV rpwpijVj p. 112, is still preserved; he has a short ed. 1548. chapter, lib. vii. cap. 9, Tlpbs ot6- 2 For lege. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. IT. 191 xii. For spewing, and in case that a mans meat will not keep down; take sinfulle, rub it fine into sharp wine, give the mam a bowl full to drink after evening work. Take, for that ilk, two parts of juice of fennel, one of honey, seethe or boil down till the mixture have the thickness of honey, then give after a nights fast a spoon measure full ; that restraineth nausea, that bettereth the lungs, that healeth the liver. For mickle spewing, and in case a ma/n may keep in his stomcjbeh no meat; take one ounce of seed of dill, four of pepper, three of cummin, rub very small; then put into water in which mint has been sodden and sour apples, or the tender upper part of the twigs of a vine ; if the man be not in a fever, eke it with wine, and give it him to drink when he willeth to go to bed; and lay outside on the maw sodden wood apples (crafts), and crumbs of bread, and such applications. xiii. Besides, this shall be good for flux 1 of the maw; one sort of peas hight lentils, let the man eat of them raw one hundred. Again, let him sip three spoon measures of sharp vinegar, when he willeth to sleep at evening. xiv. For all infirmities of the maw ; take of the out- ward parts of the roots of fennel, what is there most tender, remove from the fennel as much as may make 1 For this translation I partly rely on the guidance of Alexander Trallianus, who has remedies -xpbs trr6fMx ov PfVfuxri(6fi€vov ; lib. vii., cap. 8 ; p. Ill, ed. 1548 ; p. 337, ed. 1556. Properly ^tvfutrurfibs is of the wamb, or venter, not of the maw ; and Aretoos says as much, Chron. lib. ii., cap. 6. But other authors have the same expression as Alex. Trail ; for instance Cselius Aurelianus, Chron. lib. iii., cap. 2. Book II. Ch. xii. Digitized by 192 L^CE BOC. ponne ecebep 6n fpa opeji healp pejtep fie lset: ponne ppeo nilir fcanban fpa aetjiebepe • septep pon opepfeo8 pa pypttpuman hpaet: hpeja on pam ecebe «j appmj op fol. ri b. pam ecebe clsene • jebo ponne on f eceb humjep mib pf ecebe • jebo ponne alpan jobne bael psep on fte yntfan jepeje o88e ma *j opep fpilc hpitep cpeobopep •j ameop hatte fupepne pypr opep apajiu bo papa laep jemenje hpaepepe ealle cojsebepe *j ponne pelle him ppeo cuclep mael. bo pip pi8 majan bpyne *j pupfce placo psetep menje pi8 pone feleptan ele pele bpmcan p fuyp8 1 pam pupfce. .XV. Pip pie)* majan fpjnnje ponne puph mu8 bitepe • 'o{vptyn'ia. hpfec8 a oppe bealcec o88e him on pam majan fujeB • jenim pipopef fpilce an mynet jepeje • bilef piebep fpilce .mi. mynet jepejen • opeji fpilc cymenef jejm b eall *j pele on pme cuclep msel ponne he plapan jan pille. Sio apenunj psej* majan *j fio ablapunje hseco cyme8 op pam blacum omum • ac jemm ponne fpjun- jean 2 jebo 6n pceapp eceb jepaete fpi8e leje opep pone majan ponne hit: fpilc fie. jGptep pon jip pfep fol. 72 a. ne pele leje oppa onlejena on fcpenjpan apeppau fpa fpa tp pap 8 om pi8 huni^ ^emenjeb *j pon jelic fpa lsecap cun non. .XVI. Pip fint tacn pnep hatan majan omihtan unjemet psefclican • *j pnep opejicealban • psep haran majan un- 1 From sceopan. i 2 Understand as lpon?;ean from J the Hellenic. Alex. Trail., lib. vii., cap. 8; p. 110. foot, ed. 1548. 3 Read ap. See the Glossary. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. IT. 193 a pound and a half, then pour on of vinegar as much as be a sextarius and a half, then let these stand thus together for three nights ; after that seethe the roots somewhat in the vinegar, and wring them clean from the vinegar. Then put into the vinegar some honey with the vinegar; then put a good deal of aloes therein, so much as may weigh an' ounce or more, and as much more of mastic and of ammi, as a foreign wort hight ; or asarabacca ; put in less of them, mingle, however, all together, and then give him three spoon measures. Do this against burning of the maw and thirst ; mingle lukewarm water with the best oil, give to drink, that checketh the thirst. xv. For irritation of the maw when the man through the mouth has bitter hreaking or belching, or there is an ill lymph in his stomach ; take of pepper as much as one coin may weigh, of seed of dill as much as may weigh four coin, as much besides of cummin, rub all fine and administer in wine a spoon full when the man willeth to go to sleep. The swelling of the maw and the heat of the puffing up cometh from the black flegms ; but then take sponges, put them into sharp vinegar, wet it thoroughly, lay it over the maw, when it is such. After that, if it feel not this, or be insensible to these remedies , lay on some other applications, stronger and more austere, such as is copperas mingled with honey, and the like of that as leeches know. xvi. 1. These are tokens of the hot flegmatic 1 2 * * * maw, irre- tentive, 8 and of the overcold. Of the hot or irretentive 1 Full of e- VOL. II. mecpajT, unsemetpeftlic are there- fore the opposites of Ko$€ktik6s ; and not what Somner supposed. X Digitized by Book IT. Ch, xiv. Google 194 LjECe boc. jemetpaeptan tacn finbon Jxmne he bi8 mib omum jefpeneeb )?am men bi8 Jmjifc jetenje *j neaponef «j jefpojunja *j mobep tpeonunj *j unlufu *j plaetta • him ip nyt 1 p he hlap Jncjen 2 3 on oealbum paetpe o88e on ecebe 8 *j fpi8e paefce jepoben aejpa oppe jebpaebbe to unbejinef *j pypta* *j lactucaf p ip leahtpic *j mealpan haenne plaepc naep {pipe jepoben • *j jofe pa ytmep- tan hmo • *j pixap pa, pe heapb plaepc habban * 4 *j pme pmclan • *j oftpan *j o)>pu pypena cyn *j mylfce aeppla baej> op fpetum pepfcum paetepum fceal beon jepopht hat baej? him ne beah. Taen 6 psey opepceal- ban majan p pa men ne )>ypft ne hi fpol jepela]> on majan *j ne bi)? him fenij peapm Jqiopunj jetenje. foi. 72 b. Ac hy jipnaS metta fpi)?op )wine hat jeltclic fie *j jip him opftonbe]? on Innan aeniju cealb paete )?onne fpipaS lue p hoph *j pa metta p jehabban ne majon pe hie jejncjea8 • *j aeptep J?am fpipa8 6 pona him to jipanne bibba8 • pa men jm pcealt fmeppan mib py ele pe mon pepmob on feo8e • *j pa piccan jeupnen 4 rlipiga ? on *j j?a plipmja a paetan on ]?am majan *j pa acoloban • *j p opftanbene )ncce plipije hoph pu pcealt mib pam aep jenemneban laecebomum pypman *j J)ynnian. Pypc htm ]7onne pyptbpenc op pmolef pypttpuman pmbe *j meppoft pie pte pix yntfan jepeje *j ecebep anne pep- tep • *j alpan ]?peo yntfan • yeop )?onne on )?am ecebe J?one pinol op p hit fie pel jepoben appinj ]x)nne pa pypta op J?am ecebe jebo J>onne to pam ecebe claenep humjef punb yeop ]?onne aetjaebepe op p hit pie fpa Jncce fpa hunij fceab }>onne pa alpan on pel jejnibene fol. 73 a. *J pele pyeo cuclep mael nnb paetepe p beah yip heopt ece *j yip pelle paepce. 1 Alexander Trail., lib. vii., cap. 5 ; p. 106, ed. 1548 ;cap. 3, p. 323, ed. 1556. 5 Bead Jncge. 3 Gr. ds &Kporov, dipped in wine unmixed with water , (as if brandy). 4 harpoKoUlpfuav, shell fish, * From Alexander Trail., lib. vii., cap. 5; p. 105, ed. 1548 ; p. 319, ed. 1556, for a few lines only. Read fpipban ? Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 195 maw are tokens, when it is vexed with inflammations, thirst is incident to the man, and oppression, and swoonings, and vacillation of mind, and loss of appetite, and nausea. It is beneficial for him that he should eat bread in cold water or in vinegar, and eggs very hard boiled or roasted, (at nine o'clock in the morning,) and worts, and lactucas, that is lettuces, and mallow, and hens flesh not much sodden, and the extremest parts of the limbs of goose, that is giblets , and fishes which have hard flesh, and periwinkles, and oysters, and others ; various sorts of peas, and mild apples, and a bath of sweet fresh waters shall be wrought; a hot bath will not suit him. Tokens of the overcold maw, that the men feel no thirst nor burning heat in the maw, nor is there any warm symptom incident upon them. But they yearn for meats more strongly than is proper, and if in their inwards there lodges any cold humour, then they spew up the filth and are not able to retain the meats which they swallow ; and after the spewing soon they pray that somewhat be given them to eat Those men thou shalt smear with the oil on which wormwood has been sodden. And the thick coagulated and the viscid humours in the maw, and the chilled humours , and the intractable thick viscid foulness, thou shalt warm and thin with the afore named leechdoms. Work then for the sick man a wort drink of the rind of the root of fennel, and let it be very tender, and such that it majr weigh six ounces, and one sextarius of vinegar, and three ounces of aloes; then seethe the fennel in the vinegar till it be well sodden, then wring the worts off the vinegar, then add to the vinegar a pound of clean honey, then seethe these together, till it be as thick as honey, then shed the aloes into it, well rubbed up, and give three spoon measures with water ; that is good for • heart ache and for epilepsy. N 2 Book II. Ch. xyi. Digitized by Google 196 LMCE BOC. Alexander Trallianus, ibid. KvvuSrjs ope£it. Bofaifxos. fol. 73 b. be paepe opepmiclan ppiclo ponne op paepe pelpan cealban able peep majan Cyril’S fio opepmiclo ppiclo *j jipepnep ajufc op peep hopep paetan pe op pam ma;an cymS hie beop fpipenbe «j fpa fpa liunb epc pona fecaS pa mettap • pam pu pcealc pellan claene *j hlur- cop pin 1 *j peab fpiSe jehaet ne fie co pceapp • ne pe mete ne fie co pceapp ne co pup pe pu him pelle • ac fmepe paet • jip 2 opmaece hunjo^ cymiS op un- jemeclicpe haeto paep majan *j tybbepneppe p hie pyn pona jefpojene Jip hie pone mece naebben. pip opmae- tum hunjpe ponne pcealu pu pona paep mannef cihan bmb lup ycmepcan hmo mib bynbellum ceoh him pa loccaf ppmje pa oapan *j pone panjbeapb cpiccije ponne him pel pie pele him pona hlap on pine jebpo- cenne aep he oPjie meccap picje • pele him pa mettap pa pe ne fien to pa8e jemelte • lace mylc bpypepep plaepc jaecen • *j luopora • buccena Ip pyppeft *j pamma • •j peapjia *j pa pe fpiSe ealbe beo*S on peopoppocum mecenum «j pujlap pa pe heapb plaepc habbaS • papa- fpan • aeneb pam Se cealbe pambe habbaS pu fcealc pellan pel melcenbe mettaf pcellilite pifcap • *j culppena bpibbaf* haenne plaepc jope pippu fpa betepe fpa paecpan fien «j pepfcpan pa ytmepcan leomo • fpma beoS eaSmelce *j jeonj hjiypep *j ticcenu • fpere pm pel mylt ponne p a).pe. .XVII. Pip eallum hpep abltfm *j jecynbum *j paeftmfim *j be ham pex pmjum pe Sone lipep paepc pypcea’S lacnunj papa ealpa fpeotol tacn je be micjean je be unlufce je hipa lnpe. Sio bip on pa fpippan fiban apeneb op pone 1 t£ facpdrtp oXycf) uai to ?s knrapois 2 Alex. Trail., lib. vii, cap. 6 ; Tu>y itiean&Tttv. Alex. Trail., "who p. 106, ult. ed. 1548 ; p. 323, ed. goes on to order legs of pheasants. 1556. (batriavuv ply robs fi’Opovs. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 197 2. Of the overmickle appetite, when from the same Book II. cold disease of the maw it cometh that the overmickle **** appetite and .greediness ariseth from the foul humour, which cometh from the maw, and the sick are spewing, and, as it were a hound, again soon seek the meats: to them thou shalt give clean and clear wine, and red, much heated ; let it not be too sharp ; nor let the meat be too sharp, nor too sour, which thou mayst give them, but smooth and fat. If extreme hunger cometh from immoderate heat and tenderness of the maw, so that they are soon in a swoon, if they have not the meat ; then, for extreme hunger 1 thou shalt soon treat the man ; bind the extremities of his limbs with ligatures, pull his locks for him, and wring his ears, and twitch his whisker, when he is better, give him soon some bread broken in wine, be- fore he take other meats. Give him the meats which are not too soon digested. Beeves flesh, and goats, and harts digests late : bucks is worst, and rams, and bulls, and those of four footed neat which are very old, and ' fowls which have hard flesh ; peacock, swan, duck. To those that have a cold wamb thou shalt give well digesting meats, shell fishes, and young of culvers, hens flesh, and gooses wings ; they are the better as they are fatter and fresher. The extremities of the limbs of swine a are easy of digestion, and young beeves, and a Pigs trotters, kids; and sweet wine digests better than the rough. xvii. For all liver diseases, and of its nature, and incre- ment, and of the six things which work the liver pain, and curing of all these, and plain tokens, either by the mie, or by the loss of appetite, or by the hue of the 1 In Trallianus these appliances are meant for the fainting just men- tioned, \*nco9vp?a. Digitized by Google 198 LMCE BOC. nepefeo)?an fio haepb pip laeppan helt pa, lenbenbpaeb&n • fio ip blobep timbep • *j blobep huf • *j pofuop • J?onne )>apa metta meltunj bi)? Jjynnef pa, becuma)? on pa, lipep J?onne penba)? hie hiopa hip ceppalS on blob • fol. 74 a. *j pa, unpepepneppa pe peeji beo]? hio apyppj? ut *j p claene blob jefomna)? *j )mph peopep aebpa fpi)?ofu on- pent to J?aepe heoptan *j eac jeonb ealne pone licho- man o)? pa, ytmeptan hmo. b e pex Jnnjfim pe jxrne lipeppaepc pypceaB aepeft jefpel p ip ajmnbenep J?aepe lipep. 1 Ope\i ip J?aep jefpellef tobepftunj. Jjpibbe tp pnnb J?8epe lippe • peop]?e ip pelmep haeto mib jepelneppe *j mib pape jefpelle • pipte ip aheapbunj paey majan mib jepel- neppe *j mib pape. Sexte ip heapbunj )?aepe lippe butan jepelneppe *j butan fape. Jiaepe lippe jefpel oppe ajmn- beneppe Jm meaht jmp onjitan • on pa, fpiftpan healpe unbep J?am hnepcan 2 pibbe bij? aepeft pe fpile on j?aepe lippe *j jepelb fe mon aepeft J?aep hepjneppe *j pap *j op j?aepe ftope opep ealle pa, fiban afcihb op p pi)x>ban y oj? bone fptypan pculbop p fap • *j hip micjje bib blobpeab fpilce hio blobi j fie • bi}> him unlufc getenje *j htp hip blac he bip> hpaet lipeja hpij?enbe . *j fin- jalne cyle j?popaJ? *j cpacaj? fpa mon on lencten able fol. 74 b. be)? • ne maej him mete unbep jepunian jnnt fio hpep *j ne msej )?am pape mib hanba onhpinan bib to )?on ftpanj *j naoyp nanne plaep ponne hit ftpanjofc hip • ponne pe fpile tobypft J?onne bib feo micje lyppen fpilce popmp • jip he utypnb ponne bi]? p pap laeppe. 1 Road hype. | * Read nextan, last ? Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 199 patients . The liver is extended on the right side as far as the pit of the belly, it hath five lobes or lappets, it has a hold on the false ribs, it is the material of the blood, and the house and the nourishment of the blood ; when there is digestion and attenuation of the meats, they arrive at the liver, and then they change their hue, and turn into blood ; and it casteth out the uncleannesses which be there, and collects the clean blood, and through four veins principally sendeth it to the heart, and also throughout all the body as far as the extremities of the limbs. Of the six things which work liver pain: first swelling, that is, puffing up of the liver; the second is the bursting of the swelling ; the third is wound of the liver ; the fourth is a burning heat with sensitiveness and with a sore swelling; the fifth is a hardening of the maw with sensitiveness and with soreness; the sixth is a hardening of the liver without sensitiveness and without soreness. Thou mayest thus understand swelling or puffing up of the liver ; on the right side is under the nesh a rib first the swelling of the liver observed , and the disordered man there first feeleth heaviness and sore, and from that place the sore riseth over all the side as far as the collar bone, and as far as the right shoulder, and the mams mie is bloodred as if it were bloody; loss of appetite is incident unto him, and his hue is pale, and he is somewhat feverish, and he suffereth remarkable chill, and quaketh as a man doth in lent addle or typhus fever ; his meat will not keep down, the liver enlarges, and he may not touch the sore with his hand, to that degree is it strong, and he hath no sleep when it is strongest. When the swelling bursteth then is the mie purulent, as ratten ; if it runneth off then is the sore less. Book II. Ch. xvii. Read last. Digitized by Google 200 Li£C£ BOC. .XVIII. Yip ]> 9 b]\e lippe fpile o88e ajmnbeneppe gip fe utganj popfitte him 1 p on ppuman blob to poplaetenne on rnbpe on pa pmeftjian healpe pypc linn j>onne bepmge )mp *j pealpe op ele ^ puban • bile op mepcep febe fpa micel fpa pe Jnnce peo8 eall mib py ele J?onne mib hnepcpe pulle bepe mib py pope lanje j?a 1 pi Span fiban *j )?onne opepleje mib pulle *j befpejje paefte ymb .ill. nilit pypc litm ept onlecjenbe fealpe •j bepen jpytte jeonb jotene mib pine *j ]?onne jepobenc mib ecebe *j mib humje eall jetpipulab •j ept jepoben lege on )?one Jacceptan claS oj?8e on pel fpiBe 1 mib fpa peapme *j on f pap bmb *j hpilum teoh mib jlaefe o)>J?e mib hopne. gip pe utjanj po^pitte mib pyptbpencum ateoh lnne ut. Pypc op pepmobe • *j op hipbe pypte • op puban psebe • bo afeoponep hunijep jjenoli to pele neahtneptijum cuclep muel. .XVI1II. Tacn be alpollenpe *j jepunbabpe lippe laecebomap pip Jnm • ^ be psope lippe aheapbunje. Se pe br8 je- punbob )?onne on pa, lippe • *j jip he ne bip Jx>n paj?op jelacnob ponne becymB he on pa, able pe m6n popmle lpipej; • jip fe jefpollena mon on )?aepe lippe o88e pe ajmnbena fpa afpollen jebit op pone pip tpentije)?an biej fpa ye fpile ne bepfce]? J?onne onjrnB fio lipep heapbian 51 p lno jebypft Jjonne bi8 J?aep pmb 2 on J?tepe lippe. J)0epe punbe tacn pnbon ponne fio punb 1 Katlicr fpe'5e. * Head jmnb, because )>®pc jmnbc follows. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 201 xviii. For swelling or puffing up of the liver; if the out- going 1 lodge, the man must first be let blood on a vein, on the left side, then work him a bathing thus, and a salve of oil, and rue, and of dill, and of marche seed, as much as may seem good to thee, seethe all with the oil, and then bathe with nesh wool with the wash for a long time the right side, and then overlay with wool, and swathe up fast for about three nights ; work him again an onlying salve, and lay barley groats soused with wine, and then sodden, and this all triturated with vinegar and with honey, and sodden again, lay on the thickest cloth or on a skin, swathe up therewith so warm, and bind upon the sore, and at whiles draw with glass or horn, as with cupping glass. If the secretion lodge, draw it out with wort drinks ; work such of wormwood and of herd wort, and of seed of rue, add enough of strained honey ; give the man a spoon measure after his nightly fast. xix. Tokens of a swollen and wounded liver ; leechdoms for that ; and of the hardening of the liver. He who is wounded in the liver, if he be not sooner cured, then arrivetli at the disorder in which a man speweth purulent matter. If the man swollen in the liver, or the bloated one, abideth so swollen until the five and twentieth day, so as that the swelling bursteth not, then beginneth the liver to harden; if it bursteth, then is there a wound in the liver. Tokens of the 1 8e ucgang would be presumed to be faces, the outgoing of the intestines ; but, since this chapter must be based on Alexander Tral- lianus, "*pbs $fuf>pa^iy fa aros t the writer ought to mean, the outgoing of bile from the liver. Digitized by Book II. Ch. xviii. Google 202 LMQE BOC. jebopften hip J>onne bi*?S Jmph J?a pambe fe utpyne fpilce blobij paetep *j bi)? hip neb peab afpollen • J?onne jm him June lianb peteft on J?a lippe Jionne jepel}> he fpi]?e micel 1 fap biji fe man fpiSe meapo • op paepe able cym8 pul opt: paetep bolla. ]>ip jefpollenum fol. 75 b. fape. On ppuman mib onlejenum *j pealpum fceal mon lacnian • fio pceal beon op bepenum jpyttum on leaje jefobenum op culppena pceapne jepopht mib hunije *j Jionne alecje mon ]>a fealpe on hatne cla8 oppe pel oppe captan befpejie mib J?onne hnepca8 pe fpile fona jebepfte]? mnan. bpmce mulfa p ip je- milfcebe bpmcan aelce baeje • *j jate meoluc jefobene paetep on Jiam fien jefobene jobe pypta. .xx. Lsecebomap yip J?aepe lippe punbe ponne fe fpile je- pypfineb tobypft • Nim jate meoluc fpa peapme nipan amolcene pele bpmcan. bo eac to bpence naebpan jepophte fpa laecap cunnon *j )?onne hie aelcpa bpmcan pillen bpmcan hie nemne paetep • aep jefoben op pyp- tum • on pepmobe *j on o]?pum fpelcum *j fpilca onle- jena fpa pe aep ppiton. Ac mon pceal aep mib peap- mum fppmjum hate paetpe bepian *j )>pean }?a ftope *j on j?am paetpe fien jepobene laupef cpoppan *j hipbe- fol. 76 a. pypt p ip eop8jealla *j pepmob mib py jm }>a fapan ftopa lanje aepeft: bejie laet peocan on • jip J?onne pio punb fpi8e potije J?aepe lippe op p he p pupfm op mu8e hpaece • jepypce him jemilfcabe bpmcan • p ip micel bael bepyllebef paetepef on humjep jobum baele • * Mice, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 203 wound are these ; when the wound is bursten out then Book n. the outrunning through the wamb is as it were bloody Ch * xix * water, and the mans face is red and swollen ; and when thou settest thine hand upon the liver then the man feeleth very much soreness, and the man is very tender, and from this disorder there cometh full oft a dropsy. For a swollen sore : at starting one shall cure with onlayings, that is, external applications, and salves; the salve shall be of barley groats sodden in ley, and of culvers sharn wrought with honey, and then let one lay the salve on a hot cloth, or on a skin, or on paper, beswathe with that, the swelling soon becometh nesh and bursteth within. Let the man drink “ mulsum,” that is, dulcet drinks, every day, and goats milk sodden, and water on which good worts have been sodden. xx. Leechdoms for the abscess of the liver, when the purulent swelling bursteth; take goats milk so warm, newly milked, give the man that to drink. Form also into a potion an adder, wrought so as leeches ken how to work it, and when the sick will to drink anything, let them drink nothing but water previously sodden with worts, on wormwood and on other such, and such onlayings as we before wrote of. But one shall previously bathe and wash the places with warm squirtings and with hot water, and on the water let there be sodden bunches of laurel berries or flowers , and herdwort, that is, earth gall, and wormwood ; with these do thou long previously foment the sore places, and make the reek smoke them. If further the wound of the liver be very ratteny, so much as that the ma/n hreaketh the ratten from his mouth, let him work himself a mulled drink, that is, a mickle deal of boiled water in a good deal of honey ; from it shall the scum Digitized by Google 204 L&CE BOC. Zntfytvais. fol. 76 b. op |?am pceal beon p pot jeloine aboil penben hit mon p elb oj? 1 p j%Bp nan ne fie • lset }>onne colian fele ponne bpincan. 2 .XXI. J5eR fine tacn aheapbobpe lippe je on pam lseppum *j healocum *j pilmenura. Sto aheapbung ly on tpa pifan jepab. Opep bip on ppunian seji pon pe senig opep eappepe on lippe becume • opepu septep oppuin eap- pejmm psepe lippe cymB • fio bip butan fape • ponne fe man mete . pigS ponne apyppS he ept «j onpenbep hif hip hsepb ungepealbene pambe *j pa miegean • *j ponne pu Sine lianba fetfc upan on pa lippe ponne beoS fpa liepige fpa ftan ne bip pap • gip p lange fpa bip ponne gelisepp hit on unepehene 3 paetepbollan. 6alle 4 pa blapunge pa pelmaf J?a pe beop gehpsep geonb pone lichoman • pa cumaS op hatum blobe *j peallenbum • fpa biB eac fpilce on Bsepe hppe to ongi- tanne hpsepep fio hseto *j fto ablapunj fie on psepe hppe . pelpjie on j?Sm plmenum • on pam pmgum pe ymbutan pa lippe beop • hpsepep hio fie on Sam lipepbylum lseppum pe on pam lipepholfim heal- cum pe on pam bselum bsem. J>onne pe lsece p onjit ponne maeg he pone lsece bom pe paSop pmban • Jhp fynb J?a tacn • jtp fio ablapung fio hate bip on psepe hppe oppum oSSe bylfim j?onne bip psep micel ajmnbenep pepep mib fpeopunga 5 omena *j fcin- genbe fap op pa pipoban oS ba eaxle *j hpofta neaponep bpeofta • *j mape hepignep ponne pap • *j 1 MS. has on. 2 This passage may be from Phi- Jagrios on the preparation of &ir as preserved in Nikolaos Myrcps- ioe, v. 3. * For uneheleacne. 4 These words are fonnd in Alex- ander Trallianus, vii. 19 ; p. 126, ed. 1548. 5 Head Fpeolunja, from the words Kal Tvptrbv Kavcubrj. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 205 be frequently removed, while it is a boiling, till that there be none there; then let it cool, and then give it to be drunk. xxi. Here are tokens of a hardened liver, whether on the lobes or the hulks, that is, the hollows of it, or the films and membranes. The hardening occurs in two ways ; the one is in the outset before any other mis- chief cometh upon the liver ; the second cometh after other mischiefs of the liver ; it is without sore, and when the man taketh meat, then he casteth it up again, and changeth his hue, and hath not under con- trol his wamb and his mie ; and when thou settest thine hand from above upon the liver, then it is as heavy as a stone and is not sore : if that continues long so, then it involves a not easily cured drops}’. All the upblo wings and the burnings which be any- where throughout the body, come of hot and boiling blood. So also in like manner it is to be understood of the liver, whether the heat and the upblowing be on the liver itself, on the films, that is, membranes , l * and on the things 8 which be about the liver ; and whether they be on the liver prominences and lobes, or in the liver holes and hulks , 3 * or in both those parts. When the leech understandeth that, then he may the more easily find the leechdom. These are the tokens ; if the hot upblowing is on the margins or prominences of the liver, then is there much distention and fever with burning heats and a piercing soreness as far as the collar bones, and as far as the shoulder, and there is host, or cough, and oppression of the breast, 1 x ir & onne bij? p pap fceapppe }>onne }>aep pelmep pap )?e on Jrsepe lippe pelppe beob • Jm meaht be ]?on onptan p fio abl hip ]?aepe lippe laeppum oppum. Jip J?onne fio lippe aheapbunj pio abl *j pio ablapunj bi)? on J>aepe lippe healcum *j holocum jecenneb J?onne Jnncj? him fona on ppnman p fio paste fpijrop nijiop jepite )?onne hio upfnje • y fe mon jefpojunja }?popab *j mobef jefpae- J^punja • ne mae; him fe lichoma batian ac he bib blac *j J?ynne acolob pop)?on aetpilb him paetep- bolla. .XXII. Jfip J>aepe jepelan heapbneppe jrcepe lippe bonne ip fio to bebianne mib hatan paetpe on Jmm fien jefo- bene pypta. Pepmob • *j pilbpe ma^Jmn pypttpuman • penojpecum hatte pypt • *j eopb jealla • J?onne pa pien ealle jefobene hepe J?onne mib nuclum fppynjum pa, papan fuope lanje • poplaet fpa .ill. bajaf. Pypc )?onne pealpe op hpaetenum jpyttum jepopht obbe op bjupe op pepmobe • *j op pme • *j op appotanean cymene • •j op laupep cpoppan bo hunijef to p pn j^rppe pele him p Jpy ba^af • o)?pe ]>pie pete him hopn on oppe jlasp teoh ut. Sel pn lacnalb jip Jm feo)?eft puban on ele jpenne pepmob obbe bpijne • hpit cpubu py ealle be)^e leje on upan • laet beon ealne bae; *j eac pela baja )>ap Jang fint to bonne -j pam monnum fynb to pellanne mijole bpmcan • pa pypt peteppilian • Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. IT. 207 and more heaviness than sore. And when the upblow- ing is on the films, and on the veins which be in and about the liver, then is the sore sharper than the sore of the inflammation which is on the liver itself, and thou mayest by that understand that the disorder is on the lobes and margins of the liver. If moreover the liver hardening, and the disease, and the upblow- ing is kindled on the hulks and hollows of the liver, then it soon seems to the doctor that the humour descends downwards rather than ascends ; and the man suffers swoonings and failings of the mind ; 1 his body cannot amend, but it is pale, and thin, and chilled, and hence there falleth upon, him dropsy. xxii For the sensitive hardness of the liver; it is to be bathed with hot water, on which worts have been sodden, wormwood and roots of wild maythe, a wort that hight fenugreek, and earth gall; when they are all sodden, then bathe the sore places for a long time with copious water fomentations ; 2 leave it so for three days ; then work a salve wrought of wheaten groats or of a brewit of wormwood, and of wine, and of abrotanum, and of cummin, and of bunches of laurel berries ; add thereto as much honey as thou needest ; give the man that for three days; on other three set on him a cupping horn or glass, draw out by that, what comes out Thou shalt treat the sick better if thou settest rue in oil, and green or dry wormwood, and gum mastic, with all that bathe him, also lay it upon him; let it be for a whole day, and also for many days these things are to be done, and to the men must be given diuretic drinks; give thou him 1 Ksnrodvplas for the two. 2 Medicated baths were well known, as to Oribasios. Digitized by Book II. Ch. xxi. Google 208 LMCE BOC. bile • «j mepcep pseb o 8 Se pypttpuman mib hunije pele pu him selce bseje bpincan • pp him pepep ne fie yc p mib pme sepcep pon oppe pyptbpencap pculon pippan p jefpel bip jehpeleb *j cobypfc *j pyp 8 finfappe nipep 3 epm puph 8 a pambe *j fe mSn mih 8 popmfe • calap p he ponne hal fie • ponne beop liim co pellanne Aretaoe, fpipoft pa mijolan bpincan pre eall p ypel puph 8 a pambe *j puph pa micjean peopSen 1 apej abon • J>y laep fe mon people puph pone mup popmf fpipenbe *j hine hupu pip bse 8 healbe pip jpene sepia jip ponne pe fpile p popmf upfuihS co pon p pe pmce p hit mon fnipan imeje tic po^laecan • pypc him ponne pealpe sepefc op culppan fceapne 6 p pam jelica* sep mib fppynjum bepe pa feope mib py psecpe *j pypcum pe pe sep ppiton ponne pu onjite p p jefpel hnepcije «j fol. 78 a. fpippije • ponne hpm 8 u him mib py fmb ipene *j fni 8 Celsus, iv. 8. lyc hpon liifcum p p blob mseje tic puppum pylaep pibep in ypel pohha jefije • Ne poplfet pu psep blobep Aret. A cut. vi. Co pela on senne fip • pylep pe feoca mSn co pep 13 peop 8 e o 88 e fpylce • Sc ponne pu hie cofcinje oppe fmpe ponne hapa pe linenne pseclan jeapone p pu p bolh pona mib popppi 8 e • *j ponne pu hie epc ma lsecan pille ceoh pone paeclan op lsec lyrlum fpa opp hie abpujie • *j ponne fio punb fie clsene • jepyme ponne p p pypel co neapo ne fie • Sc pu lne selce bseje mib pipan jeonb fpsec • *j appeali mib pam pm- 1 Bead people. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 209 every day to drink the wort parsley, and dill, and seed of marche or its roots with honey : if he hath no fever eke that with wine. After that other wort drinks are proper, when the swelling is become an abscess and bursteth, 1 * * * * * and is becoming more free from soreness, and is passing off downwards through the wamb, and the man pisseth ratten, reckoneth that he then may be hole ; 9 then must be given him principally the diure- tic drinks, in order that all the mischief through the wamb and through the mie may be done away, lest the man should take to spewing ratten through the mouth; and let him withhold himself somewhat from the bath and from green apples. If however the swelling and the ratten motmteth up to that degree that it seem to thee that a man may cut into it and let it out, then work him a salve first of culvers sharn and the like of that, and previously bathe the places with sousings, with the water, and with the worts which are wrote of before. When thou understandeth that the swelling is growing nesh and mild, then touch thou it with the cutting iron, 8 and cut in a little, and cleverly, even that the blood may come out, lest an evil sinus or pouch descend in thither. Do not let too much blood at one time, lest the sick man be- come too languid or die; but when thou dost prick or cut it, then have for thyself a linen cloth ready that therewith thou mayst soon bind up the cut ; and when thou wilt again let more blood draw the cloth off, let it run by a little at a time till it gets dry ; and when the wound is clean, then enlarge it that the thirl or aperture may not be too narrow ; but do thou every day syringe through it with a tube, and 1 The words are not from Tral- lianns, bnt he speaks in the same order of kpxopivus t4tt€e )>a punbe clrenpien * l 2 pp hio fpij>0)i unfyppe peoppe clrenpa 8 mib hunije jelret ept tojrebepe. 6 pt J>onne feo unjepelbe aheapbunj )>®pe lippe to lanjfum pypb • J?onne pypcj) hio pretep bollan j)one ]>e mon jelacman ne mrej. Ao mon pceal pona on ppuman j>a rep jenemneban bejronja* ne bpince he nipep naht • *j jip pe lipepfioca mon blobep to pela brebbe Jxmne poeai him mon rep eallum ojipum Irece- bomum blob lretan op }?am fpibpan eapme on ]?repe fo l, 78 b, • mj>eppan rebpe • jip ]pa mon ne mreje eaj>e jepebian )>onne pceal mon on };repe mibbel rebpe blob lretan * }>a ])e f ne bo)) on micel eappe))um becumab. .XXIII. 3 J5pret him fie to popjanne on lipep able hpreu linn fie to healbanne ;e on lrecebomum je on mete • pop* }>on ip J;eapp micel $ mon nau})ep ne pealpa ne bajm • ne onlejena rep to nybe • rep him mon blob lrete j>am j?e pela blobepp hrej) * 4 reptep )?on j)e pe lichoma fie J)uph })a bloblrepe jeclrenpab * fi fref mannep bileopa 0 if to bepceapianne • repeft him ip to pellanne );one innob ftille fme))e • ne fie pceapp ne to apop • ne plitenbe • ne fpijene • relc bpo]) ip to popjanne pop ])on )?e hit bij) jnnbenbe *j ypele pretan pypcj) • jejpu fint to popjanne pop))onJ)e hipa prete bib pret *j mapan hreto pypcb • lilapep cpuman jip hie beoJ> op- ]?reube o))])e jepobene fint to jncjanne Sc na to fpibe • fol. 79 a. oJ)]ie pretan 7 mete jeappa ^ cocnunja ealle fint to popbeobanne • *j eal J;a pretan Jnn; )?a fmepepijan olfcephlapaf 8 *j eall fpete Jnnj Jie pypcab a)?unbeneppe • je ];a pceappan appan Jnn^ fint to pleonne* pop]>on ]>e 1 clasjnien, MS. 2 claepna, MS. 3 Alexander Trallianus, p. 127, line 9, ed. 1548, by the general sense. 4 Et aljua irA (ovdCtt. 5 Seclwpnab, MS. 0 Alex, ut supra, line 17. 7 Readhp&tene j t4 5* iAAi wdvra ffir&Bri. i * The Saxon leech skips four ! lines of Alexandra of Trail?*. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. IT. 211 wash it out by those means ; after that, lay thereon what may cleanse the wound. If it turn off very im- pure, cleanse it with honey and draw it again come together. Again, when the insensible hardening of the liver is of too long duration, then it forms a dropsy whioh cannot be cured. But one must soon at the outset employ the before named fomentations ; let him drink nothing new, and if the liversick man have too much blood, then one must, before all other leechdoms, let him blood from the right arm on the nether vein. If that may not easily be got at, then shall a man let blood upon the middle vein ; they who do it not, come into mickle difficulties. xxiii. Here we treat of what a man must forego in liver disease, what he must hold by, whether in leechdoms or in diet. For as much as there is much need that for a man who has much blood one should employ neither salves, nor baths, nor external applications, ere he be let blood ; after the body is cleansed through the blood- letting, the mans diet is to be examined : first must be given him what may still and soothe the inwards, tvhat is neither sharp nor too austere, nor rending, nor caustic ; all broth 1 must be foregone because it is in- flating and worketh evil humours ; eggs must be fore- gone because their liquor is fat and worketh more heat ; crumbs of bread, if they be moistened or sodden, may be eaten, but not in excess ; other wet [wheaten] meat-preparations, and oookings up must be forbid- den, and all the moist things and greasy, and oyster patties , 8 and all sweet things which work in- flation. Yea the sharp austere things 8 must be 1 Z4pa. | * t£ artyovra ; but just above - igrrpmKdSipttm, shell fish. | ayop translated $pi ,uw. O 2 Book ir. Ch. *xii. Digitized by 212 LiECE BOC. }?a fine poptynenbe y& mno);ap • «j gefamnaS ];one fpile •j unyj;elice melta'S • pop ‘Sonne aeppla ne pin nip to pellanne • pop iton J?e hie habbaS hatne bpsep • )^m ip to Jncjanne linpeeapp pin • eac pceal mon oxnmellif 1 2 pellan f bi*S op ecebe *j op hunije jepopht bpenc fupepne • *j ponne onpnS j?repe liseto pelm panian fpipofc Jroph Sa miejean • him ip to pellanne lac- rucaf* 3 *j fupepne popij 4 mnepeapb. Tacn 5 p fe fpile ppman ne maej • ne utypnan on ]>{ppe lippe • f fe mon hsep® hepij pap on mpepeapbpe lippe baelum • emne fpa he pie mib hpilcpe hpeja byp);enne jehepejob on paepe fpippan healpe • ‘j nsepS lie peppep haeto on ]>am baelum • jram men fmt to pellanne J;a bpmean *j }?a laecebomaf )?a 8e pe laepbon y mon bybe to Jrcepe fol. 79 b. unjepelan heapbneppe onjunnenpe on Jiaepe lippe jeli- nepcije mib J?y y popfetene ypel • jip hpa J?one huce- boni be); to )?e )?a popfettan ]nnj ontyne «j utceo ajt ]x>n $e he j;one popheapboban fpile jehnepce • penej; y he hit bete • jip Jnep aht brS lrcpeb Jwp heapban • ne bet lie hit ac pypt • *j abpijJ; mib yy Iwcebome ]>a paetan *j pijib pe fpile fpa heapb fpa ftan • *j ne mar?; lnne mon jemeltan ne jehnepcian. 0 .XXIIII. Pyptbpencap prS eallum lipep ablum • pypee mon to bpencum lipep feocum mannum • mepcef 7 pa*b - bilep • pepmobep • j;y semete ye laecaf cunnon jmb on paetep pele bpincan. 6pt 8 coftep *j pipopep buft «j ofyia pyp ca jehca bpmee . ill. bajap • licje on 1 For fiotai, pomegranates . 2 As before, foot of page ; miss- ing four lines. J For rb &(rap f asarum Europceum , and meeum, meum. A For nardus keltica. Valeriana c. The Saxon perhaps means Glancium luteum. Cf. Dioskorid. I. vil 5 The editions of Alex. Trail. make a new chapter here, p. 127, line 6, ed. 1548. The Saxon ver- sion is free. 6 This passage ends at Alex. Trail, p. 127, line 16, ed. 1548. 7 From Alex. Trallianus, p. 1 29, line 24, ed 1548, with omission of asarabacca and almonds. 8 Alex. Trail, p. 129, line 32. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 213 avoided, inasmuch as they have a bad effect in closing the inwards, and they collect the swelling, and it doth not easily disperse , 1 hence neither apples nor wine must be given, since they have a hot breath or aroma . The man must take a not sharp wine; one must also give him some oxymel, which is a southern or Italian drink, wrought of vinegar and of honey : and when the burning of the heat beginneth to wane away, chiefly through the mie, he must have lettuces and the inward part of southern poppy. Tokens that the swelling in the liver may not abate, nor run off ; that that man hath a heavy sore in the parts of the nether liver, even as if he were weighted with something of a burden in the right side, and he hath not a heat of fever in those parts. To such a man must be given the drinks and the leechdoms, which we taught one should use for the insensible hardness begun in the liver ; with them let him make the obstructive mischief # nesli. If any one applieth the leechdom which unlocketh and draweth out the obstinately lodged matters, before he hath made nesli the badly hardened swelling, he weeneth that he is amending it ; but if there be aught left of the hard matter, he amendeth it not, but harmeth, and with the leechdom he drieth the hu- mours, and the swelling becometh as hard as a stone, and it cannot be dissipated nor be made nesh. xxiv. Wort drinks for all liver diseases: let one work for drinks for a liversick man, seed of marche, of dill, of wormwood, mb these fine into water in the manner in which leeches ken how, and give to drink. Again, let the patient drink for three days dust of costmary, and of pepper, and of other worts like these, and let him lie on the right side for half an hour, and drink 1 T our vyicovs &vonne jit peaxenbe paefte . II. ba;ap tojaebepe jtp him msejen jeleeffce • jip he p nc maeje pelle him mon leohtep hpaet hpeja to Jtfc- janne fpa aejpu beoS *j Son 1 jeltc. Sume to jjsepe pambe clsenpunja 2 feoj>aS netelfin on peetpe on pme • on ele • fume Jisepe peaban netlan tpiju foL 81 b. jpene • fume betan ojijie boccan 8 on jefpettum pme feo)?aS *j pellaS to Jncjenne • *j jip fio abl mape pypS fe peoca man p mmjen hsepS Jronne feojian lne him ftpenjpan pypta «j boj? hpaet hpeja pipep to ; Sceapije mon jeopne hpilc pe utjan; fie pe micel pe lytel pe j>sep nan ne fie • leopmje be J>on pe laece liu him Jnnce hpaet mon bon pcule • jip p fie omihte paete innan onbupnenu tyhte hie mon ut mib li)mm mettum fm- cenbum *j ne laet inne jefittan on )?&m hchoman *j pyjiB jejabepobu omij paete on )/89pe pambe oSSe on pom ftn®l)>eapme • *j neejrS Jionne utjanj fio ftop ac bib apypbeb fio ftop pe maja onpent ^ tobpocen ‘j p heapob aj?puten «j j ap • •j J?a InnoJ>ap ablapene *j hate pepjiap • *j micel Jmpft *j eallep hchoman abla jn?ojiJ?aS apeahte. Sceal mon lacman fpilce able jip he pepep naepS . mib cu meolcum oSSe jate fpa mje mol- eene bprnce. 6 fic hylpS jip mon mib ea ftanum on- bflepnebum • oppe mib hatene ifene J?a meoltic gepypS fol. 82 a. pel)) bpinoan • PF p bij) jeon; man ■} pa, tib lieepS mihte him mon pceal op eapme blob fpijie laetan *j ymb .ill. mht bpnce ept pa, meoluc. 1 bon, MS. 3 Paul. J£gin., as before. 1 clfefnunga, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 219 if the disease be still on the increase, let him feist for two days together, if his strength will endure it ; if he be not able to do that, let him have somewhat light to eat, as eggB be and the like of them. Some, for the cleansing of the wamb, seethe nettle in water, and in wine, and in oil, some seethe in sweetened wine twigs of red nettle green, some beet or dock, and give this to be taken; and if the disease groweth stronger, and the sick man hath the strength for it , then they seethe stronger worts and add some little pepper. Let it be earnestly observed what the outgang, or fmcal discharge, is, whether mickle, or little, or whether there be none ; let the leech learn by that how it seems to him a man should act. If there be an inflammatory flagrant humour within, let it be got out by gentle aperient diet, and let it not lodge within in the body, for then there will be gathered an inflammatory humour in the wamb, or in the small guts, and then the place has no passage out, but the spot is corrupted, and the maw is disturbed and upbroken, and the head is vexed and sore, and the inwards upblown ; and hot fevers, and mickle thirst, mid diseases of all the body become awakened. Such a disease must be treated, if the patient have no fever, with cows milk, or let him drink goats milk newly milked. Also it helpeth if a man with water stones 1 put in the fire, or with heated iron, tumeth the milk and so giveth it to be drunk; and if it be a young man and he hath a suitable time for it and strength to hear it , he must be freely let blood from the arm, and let him drink the milk for about three days. 1 Understand such stones as would bear to be heated and plunged in water. Book II. Ch. xxv. Digitized by 220 LJECE BOC. .XXVI. Be pambe cojmm *j jlp lno mnaii punb bip hu p moil onjican rnseje *j jelacnian • lujiefc 313: lnpe bib on mnan punb ponne bij? paep pap *j beotunja *j jeiceopp • ponne hie mete picjeab bpmcab ponne plaCaS hie «j bib hiojia mu8 pul *j hprbiab *j lnpa ucjanj blobij fuincb ypele • J)am mannum pceal man pellan aejpa co pupanne • bepen bpeab chene mpe butepan *j mpe bepen mela obbe jpytta tojsebpe jebpipeb fpa cocaf cunnon • pelle mon neahtnepcijum. 6pc pyfena peap pejbpaeban menje ipon piS apeopen hunij pelle neahcnepcijum. 6ac pip pon bo man 3060 j ealpa 1 onlejena utan Co pa pe p ypel Cc ceon eab- mylce meccaf pcip pin *j fmepe. .XXVII. be pambe mipSenhcpe secynbo obbe prepe mipbypbo hu p mon mseje onjican. J)onne 2 * * * hio bi8 liatpe jebypbo jecynbo • ponne rnsej hipe pona lycel bpmca helpan • jtp he mapa bip pe bpmca fona bip peo pamb 3ehepejob *j cloccec fpa fpa hie on eylle 8 plecjete *j 3c- pihS bpium metrum ponne fio paete pamb ne ppopaft peo pupfc *j fio lpi&e paeCpe 3ecynbo bip ne ppopaS feo pupfc ne hep ljneppe metca • 3epih8 paecum meccum. be harjie jecynbo pambe* S10 pamb feo pe bi8 hacjie jecynbo lio melc mece pel fpipofc pa pe lieapbe beob *j Uneab mylce jepihb peapmum metcum *j bpincum • *j ne bip hipe jefcebeb ppam cealbum meccum mib jemeCe jepijbum. Seo pe bi8 paecepijpe jecynbo fio haepb jobe jipneppe mecep • hio mep8 jobe melcunje lpipofc on pam meccfim pe unea8e melee beo8 • jepihb cealbum 1 Head j*eal)-a *J ? 2 Twelve lines found in Aetius Tetrabibl. I. Seom. iv. capp. lxxii., lxxiii., lxxiv., consecutively ; also in Paolos of iEgina, lib. I. cap. lxiv. 3 By the printed books yylie would seem to be the true reading. “ Kluctuationes habeant, si id quod “ redundat, innate t.” Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 221 xxvi. Of sickness of the wamb, and if it be wounded within, how a man may understand that and cure it. First if there be a wound upon it within, then is there sore, and grumblings, and irritation ; and when they take meat and drink, then they have nausea, and their mouth is foul, and they are fevered, and their discharge is bloody and stinketh foully: to those men shall be given eggs to sup up, barley bread, clean new butter, and new barley meal or groats made into a brewit together, as cooks ken to do ; let it be administered to them after their nights fast. Again, let one mingle juice of peas and waybroad with strained honey, and give it after the nights fast. Again for that, let one apply good salves, and external applications, such as may draw out that evil, also easily digested meats, and sheer and smooth wine. Book II. Ch. xxvi. xxvii. Of the various nature of the wamb or of its caprice, how a man may understand that. When it is of a hot temper and nature, then a little drink may soon help it. If the drink be more powerful soon the wamb is oppressed and palpitates, as if in cold it were beating, and it rejoiceth in dry meats. When the wamb is moist it doth not suffer thirst, and it is of a very moist nature ; it doth not suffer thirst nor heavi- ness from meats, and it rejoiceth in moist meats. Of the hot nature of the wamb. The wamb, that namely which is of a hot nature, digests meats well, especially those which be hard and of difficult digestion, and rejoices in warm meats and drinks, and it is not harmed by cold meats, taken with moderation. That which is of a watery nature hath a good appetite for meat ; it hath not a good digestion, chiefly of the meats which be of difficult digestion, it rejoices in cold meats. Digitized by 222 LiECE boc. mettum. be cealbpe *j pmtpe jecynbo pambe. Sio pamb fio 8e bi8 cealbpe o88e pgetpe jecynbo o88e uupbypb 0 • htm cym8 bpaejenep abl *j un^epitpseptnep him bi8 • *j ponne fio popbpujabe jecynbo on pam finum *j on pam banum bip • p pa pyn poppyppobe fol. 83 a. ponne ne maej mon pa, jelacman • pp lno ponne bip mnop on pam phepcehtum fcopum mib fynbpijum fcopum *j pfBtinjum *j mettum p mon maej jelacman penben op paepe lipjie fio blobpceapunj jeonb jet ealne pone lichoman. Selefc laecebom ip to fpilcum pinjum p mon jelome nytti je picep 1 *j pa, pambe mib py jeplea ponne hio jepypmebu fie *j bapu op pen pietepe •j mje molcen meoluc mib humje jefmepeb him beah • bapije hine jelome on bseje hpilum mib ele fmijie. 1 Dim hylp8 eac p him piet cilb 1 aetplape • p he p jebo neah hip pambe fimle • him hylp8 eac open bacen lilap 1 pcellehte pipcaf on pofe - 1 *j pone mete pe pel myltan pille. be hatpe 1 *j bpijpe pambe jlp pio pamb ablij bi8 hat hpset hpeja • eac paepe bpijneppe • ponne ne pceal he hunijep onbitan Sc ealb pin plaece mettaf • jip pio yple paete to micel fie • ponne bujon him cealb paetep *j pceappe mettaf butan haetu • lipilum beop pa paetan on paepe pambe pilmenum • ponne fol. 83 b. pceal mon p piphce fecean *j paeplice claenpian 2 mib alpan • *j mib fpelcum Stypnenbum bpencum ateon ut pa, hophehtan paetan. ppaene mib py aepelt *j ponne pypce leohte fpipole bpencap op paebice fpa p laecap cunnon. be Inemebpmjum 8 eallfim pyppum hchomum haemebpinj ne bujon ac fpipoft pyppum *j cealbum • ne bepep hit hatum paetum pyppefc bi8 pam ceal- ban hatan 4 fpipoft pam 8e hopnable habba8. Spelclim mannum beah p lne him jefpmc anjefecen *j lue pelpe * Oribasius Synops., lib. V. liii.; Paulua JEgineta, lib. I.cap. lxxi. in also Paulas JEgineta, lib. I. Ixxii. Med. Art. Princ. - cl»fnan, MS. * Read pwtan from the original. * Five or six lines fbund in Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 228 Of the cold and moist natured wamb. The wamb whioh is of a cold or moist nature or caprice; on the man cometh disease of the brain and loss of his senses ; and when the desiccated nature is upon the sinews and on the bones, so that they are dried up, then they cannot be cured. Then if this dryness be more within on the fleshy parts, one may cure that with change of residence, and wettings, and meats, as long as from the liver the blood gushes through the whole body. The best leechdom for such things is, that a man should frequently make use of pitch, and strike the wamb with it, when it is wanned; and baths of rain water, and newly milked milk, softened with honey, is good for the patient Let him bathe himself frequently in the day, and at whiles smear himself with oil. It is also helpful to him that a fat child should sleep by him, and that he should put it always near his wamb. Oven baked bread also helpeth him, and shell fishes in liquor, and (let him eat) the meat which will readily digest. Of the hot and dry wamb, if the diseased warab be somewhat hot, besides, for the dryness ; then shall the patient not taste of honey, but old wine and lukewarm meats. If the evil humour be too mickle, then are good for him cold water, and sharp meats without heat. At whiles the humours be on the membranes of the warab ; then shall a man wisely seek into that, and warily cleanse them with aloes, and draw out the turbid humours with such purging drinks : first clear the wamb with them, and then work light emetic drinks of radish, as leeches ken how to do it. Of venery: to all dry constitutions venery is not beneficial ; but most to dry and cold ones ; it harmeth not hot and wet ones ; it is worst for the cold moist ones and them which have disorder of the gastric juices. To such men it is of benefit that they should seek to themselves exercise, and should dose themselves, without bath, and with Book II. Ch. xxvii. Digitized by Google 224 L^CE BOC* bpencen 1 2 3 butan ba8e *j mib fmipeneppum hie fmeppan. be cealbpe gecynbo pambe. Se pe cealbpe gecynbo fie nyttige fe gemetlicep ypelep fpilce pe pe bpigpe o88e pretpe fie. Se pe hattpe fie fio gegabpaj; oman • J)a mon pceal gip hie mj?ep beo8 J>uph j;a pambe utph- tan mib pyptbpence lit abon • gtp lue upfcigen Jmph fpipjmn pceal mon apej abon. .XXVIII. PiJ? pon 8 pe mannep p ujeppe hpip fie gepylleb mib ypelpe pretan hophehtpe p ]>am mannum gelimpB j>e on fol. 84 a. rmclum gebpmee pel pebenbe mettaf JncgeaB oppe fpipa8 *j fpijmfc repuep mete *j him bi8 plretta getenge • beoB geonb blapene *j bi8 fio pamb ajreneb hprectaS gelome. 5am monnum pceal 8 pellan oxumelle mib jirebice p ip fuj>epne lrecebom* ]>onne fpipaB hie pona J?one Jnccan hoph *j him bij? pel. Gepypc 4 pe lrecebom Jmp op ecebe *j op humge • geriim p pelefce humg bo opep heopS apeoj? p peax p hpot op • gebo Bonne to J?am humge empela ecebef J>aep ne fie fpij?e apop ne fpiBe fpete meng to grebepe *j bo to pype on cpoccan opep pylle on gobum glebum clrenum cpicum op p hit fie gemengeb p hit fie 6n hrebbe humgep Jncneppe ne fie on bepgneppe to fpeotol pse p ecebep appe pceappnep • gip fio pamb bij> pinbep pull )?onne cym*8 p op placpe pretan • fio cealbe prete pypcj? papan. J?iJ> pon pceal mon feojram cymen on ele • mepcep preb • mopan freb • *j bilep • £ip pe cyle fie mapa bo )?onne puban laupep blebe • *j pnolep preb gepoben on ele • gip ]?onne git fio abl egle gebpinge inne Jpuph pipan oBBe hopn fpa 1 “ Victus attenuans,” Lat. ver- sion of P. jEgin. 2 Nine lines found in Paulus A£gineta, lib. L cap. xli. 3 Read pceal mon. * Oribasius Med. Coll., lib. V., cap. xxiv. ; tom. i., p. 395, ed. Darem- berg. Also Galenos, vol. VI. p. 271, ed. Kiihn. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 225 smearings smear themselves. Of the cold nature of the wamb ; he who is of a cold nature should avail him- self of moderate discipline, as he who is of a dry or moist nature. He who is of a hot nature, with him the wamb gathereth inflammatory humours ; these, if they be low down, one must get rid of by wort drinks, through purging of the wamb ; if they mount up high one must get rid of them by vomitings. BookIL Ch. xxvii. xxviii. In case that the upper part of the belly is filled with evil sordid humour, a thing which hap- peneth to the men who in much continued drinking take nutritious meats, or who spew, and chiefly after f meat, and who are subject to nausea, they are all over blown as with wind , and the wamb is extended and they frequently have hreakings. To these men one must give oxymel with radish ; that is a southern leechdom : and then they soon spew up the thick cor- ruption, and it is well with them. Work up the leech- dom thus, from vinegar and from honey ; take the best honey, put it over the hearth, seethe away the wax and the scum, then add to the honey as much vinegar, so as that it may not be very austere nor very sweet ; mingle together, and set by the fire in a crock, boil upon good gledes, clean and lively, till the mixture be mingled, so that it may be one, and have the thickness of honey, and on tasting it the austere sharpness of the vinegar may not be too evident. If the wamb is full of wind, that cometh from luke- warm humour; the cold humour worketh sores. For that shall one seethe cummin in ale, and seed of march, and seed of more or carot , and of dill. If the chill be greater, then add rue, and leaf of laurel, and seed of fennel sodden in oil. Then if the disease still annoy, introduce this through a pipe or a horn, as VOL. II. p Digitized by 226 LJSCE BOC. l©cap cunnan Jxmne bep p p pap apej. gip )>onne jit fol. 84 b. lio abl ejle bo fpatl to jelaupebne ele p ip laupep feap o85e blofcman jemenjeb *j eac o)?pu jnnj jip )>eapp lie fece mon. .xxvniL J)ip J>on J?e men mete untela melte jecippe on ypele paetan *j fcittan • psm monnum beah p hie fpipen • jip him to imea)?e ne fie • jejpemme mib pyptbpence p he fpipe • p he mib jefpette pme jepypce jip pa&y opep)?eapp fie aep mete p he fpipan maeje • pleo pa, mettaf J?a pe him bylfca popbaepnunja *j fhem on Innan pypoen to hpsebhce meltan • Jncjen pa, 8e job peap pypcen «j pambe hnepoen. Dpilum him beah p him mon pelle leohte pyptbpencap fpilce fpa bi8 pel jeteab alpe. Seo psete pypcj) jip hie mon ne be)? apej unea)?lacna abla p 1 p pot psepc • lij? psepc • lenben psepc y opt ftpanj pepep becymS on pa, men pe pa, able hatbaS. .xxx. Qip 1 pu pille p )nn pamb pe fimle jefunb J?onne pcealt u hipe )?up tilian jip pu. pilt • jepceapa relce bseje p pm utjonj «j micje fie jefunblic septep pihte • jfp fio micje fie lytelu feo8 mepce *j pnul pypc job bpo8 • o88e peap 2 *j opjia, fpeta pypta • jip pe utjanj fie laeppa 8 mm 8a pypt J?e hatte on fu)?epne tepebintma fpa micel fpa ele bepje • pele )?onne to pefte jan pille. J)af pypta finbon eSc betfte to J?on *j ea8 bejeatpa • bete • *j * Four lines occur in Paulus of ^Egina. lib. I.. cap. xliii. 1 The substance is found in Pau- lua Mg., I. xliii. 2 reap : the name of some wort is omitted in MS. ; or strike out *j. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 227 leeches ken to do it; then it removes the sore. If however the disease still vex, add spittle and laurelled oil, that is to say, juice or blossoms of laurel mingled with oil, and if need be, let also other things be sought out. xxix. In case a “mans” meat doth not well digest, and tumeth to evil humour and to excrement, it is good for those “men” that “they” should spew, if it be not too uneasy to “him,” irritate him to spew by a wort drink. If there be extreme need that he may be able to spew before meat, let him manage that with sweetened wine. Let him flee the meats which work him mucus, and burnings, and heat in his inside, and which too readily digest : let him take those which work a good juice, and make the wamb nesh. At whiles it is good for him that one should give him light wort drinks, such as are aloes well pre- pared. The humour, if one doth not get rid of it, worketh not easily cured diseases, that is to say, foot pain, joint pain, loins pain ; and often a strong fever cometh on the men who have that disease. xxx. If thou wish that thy wamb be always sound, then shalt thou thus treat it, if thou wilt. Look to it every day that thy faecal discharge, and thy mie, be of sound aspect as right is. If the mie be little, seethe marche and fennel, work a good broth, or seethe juice of . . . and of other sweet worts. If the faecal discharge be too little, take the wort which in southern lands hight turpentine tree, as much of it as the size of an olive; give it the sick when he will go to bed. These worts are also very good for that, and more p 2 Book II. Ch. xxyiii. Digitized by Google 228 LiECE boc. fol. 85 b. fol. 86 a. mealpe • bpappica *j Jnfiim jelica jepobene setjsebpe mib jeonje fpinef plsepce • Jncje p bpo8 • eac beah 1 2 * netle jefoben on psetpe • -j jepelc to jncjanne • eac ellenef leap *j p bpo8 on pa llcan pifan. Sume alpan leap pella8 ponne mon pile plapan jan • fpelc fpa bi8 J?peo beana* selce bseje to popfpeljanne *j j?ifum jelice bpencaf *j fpiftpan pp ]?eapp fie pynbon to pellanne • fpi8oft 6n popepeapbne lencten sep pon fio ypele psete fe pe on pintpa jeSomnab biS bie tojeote jeonb o)?epa lima. CDomje* men )raep ne jymbon ne ne jyma 8 )?onne becym8 op Jram yplum psetum • o86e fio healp- beabe abl oppe pylle psepc o8Be fio lipite piepjx) pc mon on fu)?epne leppa hset o)?8e tetpa oppe lieapob hpiep8o • oppe Oman. FopJ>on pceal mon sep clsenpian 4 pa, yplan psetan apej sep J?on pa, ypelan cuman jepeaxen on pintpa* *j pa limo jeonb ypnen. J?ip pambe co)?e *j fape • lmfsebep jepnben o88e jebeaten bolla pull • II. pceappep ecebep opeppylle setjsebepe pele bpmcan neahtneptijum pam feocan men. 6pt leje bpeopse bpoftlan jecopene on J?one napolan fona jeftille)?; 6pt bilep fsebep lytelne 6 jejnib on psetep pele bpmcan. ]hp pambe co8e *j yip mnepopan fape. J)onne pop miclum cele pamb fie unjepealben • bo 8a Jnnj to pe pe be upan ppiton. Jip J?sep }?onne fie J?sef hpipep penbun; o88e jepceopp • jeriim J?peo cpoppan laupef bleba jejnib •j cymenep • peteppilian pynbpije cuclepap pulle • pipopep .xx. copna* jejnib eall tojsebepe )?pie pil- menna on bpibba pambum abpije • septep 8on jeriim psetep jejmb bile on • J?ap Jnnj jehsete pele bpm- can • op p p pap jeftilleb fie. p ip pon llcan jeriim blap jefeoS on jate meolce poppije on fuj?epne.° 1 Four more lines found in V. JEg. The Latin version, the origi- nal being unpublished, has mer cu- rtails for nettle. 2 The Latin gives, aloes as big as three vetches. * Paulus ^Sgineta, lib. I: cap. c.*, cites Diokles to similar purport. 4 dayman, MS. 5 Head lycelne btel. * Read on f uhepne bpenc. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 229 easily procured, beet, and mallow, and'brassica or cab - bage , and the like to these, sodden together with young flesh of swine ; let the man swallow the broth : and also nettle sodden in water and salted is good to swallow ; and also leaves of elder and the broth in the same wise. Some give leaves of aloe, when a man willeth to go to sleep, as much as three beans, every day to be swallowed ; and drinks like these, and more powerful ones, if need be, are to be administered ; especially in early spring, before the evil humour, which is collected in winter, spread itself through the other limbs. Many men have not attended to this, no, nor do yet; then there cometh of the evil humours, either hemiplegia, or epilepsy, or the white roughness, which in the south hight leprosy, or tetter, or headroughness, or erysipelas. Hence one must cleanse away the evil humours before the mischiefs come and wax in the winter, and run through the limbs. For wamb sick- ness and sore ; a bowl full of linseed, rubbed or beaten, and two bowls of sharp vinegar; boil together, give to the sick man to drink after his nights fast. Again, lay chewed pennyroyal on the navel, soon the pain will be still. Again, rub a small quantity of the seed of dill into water, give it to be drunk. For wamb sickness and sore of the bowels; when from much cold the wamb is not under control, do to it the things which we wrote above ; then if there be a subversion or irritation of the stomach, take three bunches of laurel flowers, and separate spoons full of cummin and of parsley seed (?), and twenty pepper- corns, rub all together, and dry three membranes which are in the wambs of young birds ; after that take water, rub dill into it, and heat these things; give the man this to drink till the sore is stilled. For the same, take bread and seethe it in goats milk, sop it in a southern drink, such as hydromel, perhaps , or oxymel . Book II. Ch. xxx. Digitized by Google 230 LMCE BOC. ]?ij> pambe coj?e feoB puban 6n ele *j ]?icje on ele. Gfc pilbe culppe 6n ecebe a pcape • *j J?a pambe fpij>e geneap- pob • ept p pam J>am napolan op J?one milte • ^ on ]>a pineftpan paejepeofan ^ gecymb set J?am bsec]>eapme *j set }>am nepefeojmn • -j pa, lenbenu beo8 mib micle pape fol. 87 a. begypbebu. ]?ena8 unpipe lsecap p p fie lenben abl o88e milte psepc • ac hit ne biB fpa • lenben feoce men migaB blobe *j fanbe J?onne J>am J>e milte paepc bi8 • jnnbej* him fe milt *j bij) aheapbob on J?am pine- ftpan bsele J?sepe liban. J)a pambfeocan men J?popia8 on J>am bsec)?eapme *j on jram ni)?eppan hpipe lofaB him fona Co ftepn *j oele )>popa8 *j plaep o}>togen nnht y tih8 mnan pone pop on p fmsel ]>eapme. .xxxii. r Jhppe able ppuman mon mseg yj?ehce gelacnian* on J?a llcan pipan pe pa, utypnenban *j aeptep une8 • gip hio bi8 unpiflice to lange poplseten. On ppuman mon fceal baeg o88e .il togsebepe gepsejTan *j bej*an }?a bpeoft mib pme • mib ele *j pypcean onlegena op pofan *j bepenum melpe pi8 pm gemengeb on hunije gefoben *j mib ele on moptepe gefamnob lege opep pa, fcape op J>one napolan *j opep pa, lenbeno oj) Jxme bsec- )?eapm J>sep hit pap lie • lset him blob Jmp *j 8 pete gimp 6n o88e hopn *j teo p blob ut fmepe mib ele fol. 87 b. *j beppeoh hme peapme pop J>on pe cile b\p ptej\e able 1 Add -j. - The former of these synonyms should be erased. 3 Omit *j. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 233 complexion, and of the navel, and of the dorsal muscles, and of the back gut or rectum, and of the lower belly, and the milt, and the share ; they are horribly pale, and all the body is glazed, and an evil stench hath not control over itself, a and the sore is on the right* side on the share, and on the wamb, much troubled 1 by it, and again from the navel to the spleen, and on the left dorsal muscle, and it reacheth to the anus, and to the lower belly, and the loins are girt about with much soreness. Unwise leeches ween, that it is loin disease, or milt wark : but it is not so ; loinsick men mie blood and sand ; on the other hand those, who have milt wark, the milt distendeth in them, and is hardened on the left part of the side. The wambsick men suffer in the back gut, and in the lower belly, and their voice soon is lost, and they suffer chill, and sleep is taken from them, and strength, and it draweth the colon from within and upon the small gut. xxxii. One may easily cure the first stage of this disease in the same wise as the outrunning disease, or relaxation of the bowels, and afterwards less easily, if unwisely it be too long neglected. In the first instance a man must fast for a day or two, and foment the breast with wine, and with oil, and work poultices of roses and barley meal, mingled with wine, and sodden in honey, and gathered up with oil in a mortal, lay these over the share, as far as the navel, and over the loins as far as the back gut, and where it is sore. Let him blood thus ; set on him a cupping glass or horn, and draw the blood out, and smear with oil, and wrap him up warm, in as much as cold is an enemy in the 1 It seems best to consider geneajipob as for geneajipobe, with termina- tion dropped. Book II. Ch. xxxi. Eufemism. Digitized by Google 234 LJfiCE BOC. This seems a mark of dis- content with the text : pro- bably op >®pe miclan ®bpe should be erased. fol. 88 a. peonb. Pypo him pealpe Jmf pij; pambe co)>fim op cpicum fpeple *j 6p blacum pipope • 6p ele jmbe mon fmaele *j menje tojaebepe *j peax ealpa empela. Peaxep ]?eali laeft • jip lio abl fie to )?on ftpanj p j?ap leecebomaf ne onnime jip fe mon fie jeonj *j ftpanj laet him blob op mnan eapme op p&ye miclan aebpe ]?aepe mibbel aebpe. + Pyp° Imp pealpe *j finipe pa, fapan fropa feoJ> puban on ele bo peteppilian to jip p\i hsebbe *j picfa pyjiu- tpuman- popij fi^an eal jepoben fie bo J>onne peax on p ele - 1 pze p eall people to hnepcum peaxhlape p hit fie hpge)?pe fpijmfc jejmht pealp fmipe pa fropa p hit fie pap mib py • fpi)?oft )?one bsec|?eapm ba]?o pij? pambe cojmm • him op pealtum paetpum fint to pypc- anne • jip he pa naebbe pelte mon hiopa mettaf. ]?i]> pambe cojmm ept fpinef clape jebaepnbe *j to bufte jejmbene bo on fceapp pin pele bpincan. P18 pambe cope jate lipep jebaepnebu hpaet hpeja jejmben *j on pa pambe aleb him bij> pe bet. ])\p pambe cojjum ept lacnunj on p hpip to Senbanne • jeriim japleacep J?peo heapbu jpene puban tpa hanb pulle • *j elep .mi. punb o88e fpa pe jnnce • jebeat p leac *j pa puban jejmb tojaebepe appmj o88e apeoh • bo to )>am ele claenpe butepan punb hlutpef picep piptan healpe yntfan • claenep peaxeS .in. yntfan jemenje eal to- jaebpe bo on jlaep paet • claenpa 3 Jxmne aepeft pa pambe mib bpencef anpealbbpe onjeotunje • jip p pap fonne mape fie bo mapan ele to • jemenj J?onne pa Jnnj pe ic aep nembe jeplece bo on. j?ap J?mj majon ge yip lenben ece • ]?onne mon ponbe mih8 ge pi8 poppep ge pi8 pambe *j finael ]?eapmef ablum fit paepce ge yip 1 ele is usually masculine. 7 cl&fna, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 235 disease. Work him a salve thus, against wamb dis- orders; from live brimstone, and from black pepper, and from oil; let them be rubbed small and mingled together ; and wax also; of all equal quantities, of wax however least. If the disease be to that degree strong that it will not accept these leechdoms, if the man be young and strong, let him blood from the inner arm, from (the mickle vein of) the middle vein. Work a salve thus, and smear the sore places; seethe rue in oil, add parsley, if thou have it, and roots of rushes, and poppy ; after all is sodden, then add wax to the oil, in order that the whole may become a nesh waxen cake, a that it may be however a highly * a cerote. approved salve; smear the places, so that soreness may come with it, especially the fundament. Baths for wamb disorders ; they must be wrought for them of salt waters ; if none can be had, let their (the sick mens) meats be salted. For wamb disorders again; put into sharp wine a swines claw burnt and rubbed to dust; give the man this to drink. For wamb dis- order ; a goats liver burnt, and rubbed somewhat small , and laid on the wamb, it will be the better for him. For wamb disorders again; to send medicine into the belly : take three heads of garlic, and green rue, two handfuls of it, and four pints of oil, or as much as seemeth good to thee ; beat the leek and the rue, rub together, wring out or strain, add to the oil a pound of clean butter, and four ounces and a half of clear pitch, perhaps naphtha , and three ounces of clean wax ; mingle all together, put into a glass vessel, then first cleanse the wamb with the simple onpouring of a drink : then if the sore be greater, add more oil, then mingle the things which I before named; apply lukewarm. These things are valid either against loin ache, when a man pisseth sand, or for diseases and pain of the long gut, or of the wamb, or of the small gut, and for dysentery, or for diseases of the maw, and gripings, Digitized by Google 236 L.ECE BOC. majan ablum clapunja • *j pij? pipa tebjium jecyn- bum. Sum copu ip psepe pambe p pone feocan monnan lyfte8 utjanjep *j ne mmj ]>onne be ute betyneb bi8. pip pon pceal mon nsebpan rnfmoju feopan ou ele • o88e on butepan • oppe on pme on tinum 1 paete •j fmipe pa pambe mib py • jtp fe utjanj fie pmbij «j fol 88 b. paetpij • *j blobij bepije mon pone bsecpeapm on jonj- ftole mib penujpeco mepfc mealpe • fume mib pice «j fmica8 *j bepiaS. Sume op pijenum melpe pypcea8 bpipaf *j cocnunga mib pealte. Sume bpeopje bpofclan jeceopaS lecjeaS on pone napolan. . XXXIII. Be 2 paepe ppecnan cope pe fe mon hip utjanj pupil 8one mu8 him ppam peoppe pceal afpipan. fte j ceal opr bealcettan *j eal fe lichoma frmc8 pule pelle litm mon bile jefobenne on ele o88e on paetpe to bpmcanne ■j hatne hlap bo on poue bpmcan. Jnppe able eac pip- ftanbep tofnibenpe hpeapemufe blob jefmiten on peep feocan mannef pambe. ))rS Inno8 punbum pip fraael peapma fape • on jobne ele jefpetne bo pone fupepnan pepmob p ip ppurene • ‘j opepne pepmob feop picje p fpa him ejoft fie. Gpt pip innop punbum heojiotep meapli jemylr on harum paetpe pele bpmcan. }hp tobpocenum Innopum *j fapum pilbjie mintan bael je- fol. 89 a. chenfa pel fpa micel fpa mon maeje mib pptm pmjptfm jeniman bo pmolep psebep to *j mepcep cuclep mael • bo eall tojsebepe jejnib fmsele • jebo ponne 6n ]aej- peleptan pinep .mi. bollan pulle • hsete ponne op p Int fie fpa hat fpa pin pinjep popbepan maeje pele ponne bpmcan* bo fpa ppy bajap. pip tobpocenum Inno- Sum- cellenbpef pteb pel jejmben lytel pealtep jebo on fceapp ptn • jebo on jepypme mib hate glopenbe ipene pele bpmcan. pip poptojeneppe innan • heojiotep 1 Read tineiium. s Five lines found in Oribasius Synops, lib. ix., cap. xvi, in M.A.P. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 237 and for tenderness of the naturalia of women. There Book II. is a disorder of the wamb, such that a desire cometh ^ h * XXX11, upon the sick man for discharging his bowels, and he is not able, when he is shut into the outhouse. For prescrip _ that, one must seethe in oil, or in butter, or in wine, tion is found the slough of a snake in a tin vessel, and let him 3^^ rce,lus ’ smear the wamb with that. If the discharge be windy, and watery, and bloody, let one foment the back gut on the gang stool, with fenugreek and marsh mallow: some smoke and foment with pitch : some work brewits from rye meal, and cookings with salt : some chew pennyroyal and lay it on the navel. xxxiii. Of the dangerous disorder, in which a man, they say, unnaturally speweth his faeces through the mouth. He, they say, oft belcheth, and all the body stinketh foully: let dill sodden in oil or in water be given him to drink, and put a hot loaf of bread into the drink. The blood of a reremouse or hat cut up, smudged on the sick mans wamb, also withstandeth this disease. For bowel wounds and sore of small guts ; into good oil sweetened, put the southern wormwood, that is, abro- tanum, and other wormwood, and seethe it ; let the man take that as he most easily may. Again, for in- wards wounds ; melt harts marrow in hot water, give it to be drunk. For broken and sore inwards ; cleanse part of wild mint well, as much as a man may take up with three fingers, add a spoon measure of the seed of fennel, and of marche, put all together, rub small, then add four bowls full of the best wine, then heat it so hot, as thy finger may bear, then give it him to drink; do so for three days. For broken inwards; put into sharp wine, seed of coriander well rubbed, and a little salt; put these in, and warm with an iron glowing hot, give it the man to drink. For inward Digitized by Google 238 LMCR BOC. fol. 89 b. fol. 90 a. hopn jebaepneb to ahfan jejniben 5n moptepe • Jxmne appt mib humje jepealcen to In sebum pele neahtneptijum to Jncjanne. 6pt ilim pa betan pe jehpaep peaxaiS jepeoB on paetpep jobum baele • pele Jxmne bpincan * .n. jobe bollan pulle fcilbe hine pij> cyle. be latpe meltunje mnan • mm jeappan bpince on eoebe f beah eac pib eallum blaebpan ablum. be latpe meltunje liman puban paebep .vini. cypnelu je- jmbene .in. bollan pulle jebo pa on ecebef peptep pulne opeppylle pele J?onne bpincan 6n fume pape nijon bajon. be latpe meltunje dim J?eepe peaban netlan fpa micel fpa mib tpam hanbum mceje bepon • feoJ?e on peptep pulltim paetpep bpinc neaht neptij. Raeb bi 8 jip he mmS mealpan mib hipe cijmm feope on psetepe fele bpincan. pa pe Jnppa laeceboma ne pmaS on Jxppe able J?onne becymb him on paetep bolla • lipep paepc nultep pap oppe jefpel micjean pophaepbmp • pambe ablapunj lenben paepc on Jrcepe blaebpan ftanap peaxab -j Sonb. .xxxim. 1 Be jjaep monnep mihtum pceal mon pa laecebomaf pellan pe }?onne jepoje fynb heapbe heoptan pambe y blaebpan hu jeapep hit fie • fe pe ne bepceapafc Jnp pe him fceJ>eS fpijxip Jx>nne he hme bete. Se pceal nyttian jepopobep elep ecebef pmep ^ mmtan leap jejniben on hunij pa unfme)?an tunjan mib py jmban fmipepan :• pij? latpe meltunje. Olipatpum hatte pypt feo beah to bpmcanne. 6pt pyl on paetpe lilian pypttpuman pele to bpmcanne. jip pamb po^peaxe on men • pnol • coft • elehtpe • attoplaJ?e • ceplicep paeb • pypm melo 1 In the margin are cyphers. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 239 gripings ; harts horn burned to ashes, rubbed small in a mortar, and then sifted, and rolled up with honey into morsels, give to the sick after his nights fast to eat. Again, take the beet which groweth anywhere, seethe it in a good deal of water, then give of this to the sick two good bowls full to drink ; let him shield himself against cold Of late digestion ; let a man drink in vinegar yarrow ; that medicine is also good for all diseases of the bladder. Of late digestion; nine little grains of the seed of rue rubbed small, with three bowls full of waler (?), add these to a cup full of vinegar, boil them, then administer to be drunk for nine days, in succession. Of late digestion; take of the red nettle, so much as with two hands thou mayest grasp, seethe in a cup full of water, drink after a nights fasting. It is advisable if he taketh • mallow with its sprouts ; let him seethe them in water, give this to be drunk. They who care not for these leechdoms in this disease, on them then cometh dropsy, liver pain, and sore or swelling of spleen, retention of urine, inflation of the wamb, loin pain, stones wax in the bladder, and sand. xxxiv. According to the mans powers one shall administer the leechdoms which are suitable for the head and heart, for the wamb and bladder, and according to the time of the year; he who observeth not this, doth him more scathe than boot. He shall employ rose oil, vinegar, and wine, and mint leaves rubbed into honey, and with that shall rub and smear the unsmooth tongue. For late digestion; a wort hight olusatrum, which is good to drink. Again, boil in water roots of lilies, give that to be drunk. If the wamb wax too great on a man ; fennel, costmary, lupin, attorlothe, char- Digitized by Google 240 LMCE BOC. on ealaS p ele bpmcan. gip m6n poppunbob fie • *j pi® bpeofr paepce • cupmealle bile pyl on ealo®. 6jfr jpene puban lytlum o®®e on humje Jnje. jip mon fie popblapen pee pmepinclan 1 jebaepnbe «j jejmbene jemenj pij? SBjep p hpite fmipe mib. Jfip pambe jic- J?an • bpeopje bpofrlan peopp on peallenbe paetep ter pocian on lanje op p mon maeje bpmcan p paetep. ]>ip pambe pypmum * 2 mm J?a miclan finpullan ppmj p peap op peopep lyrle bollan pulle on pmep annm bollan pullnm fpa miclum pele bpmcan p beah pij> pambe pypmum. 8 .xxxv. Be cilba pambum opeppylle jip him mere tela ne mylte • jip him fpat opja fnnce pule • J>onne mon p onjite )>onne ne fceal him mon anne mete fol. 90 b. jebeoban • Sc mipSenlice p peo mopnep Jiapa metta maege him jobe beon • jip hpa opep gemet JngJ> mete ]>aep mon tila® pe ea®ehcop pe mon paj*)^ gebo p he fpipe • gelaep fie. Jip hip mon getila® aet J?aepe ypelan paetan him becuma® on mipSenhca abla • bpeofr paepc • fpeopcojm cealp 8 abl • heapbep hpipJ>o • healfgunb • cypnelu Snea®lacnu j?am gelic • gip hi pop Jnffim ne maegen plapan 6onne pceal him mon pellan hat paetep bpmcan Jxmne fnl® p gepceopp mnan claenpa® 4 J?a pambe • Nytnjen b&pey mebmiclum • mete Jncgen *j mib paetpe gemengebne bpmcan Jncgen. pmepinclan. Somner, Gl., p. text [A.D. 1 846, p. 24] gives pine- • 60 a, line 32, also prints pine; the pmclan, tomiculos : the edition of Janian transcript of the lost MS. 1857, pmepinclan, torniculi [p. 6]. (Jun. 71, in the Bodleian) has pme. Lye is quite correct. The present The reprinter of the glossary [A.D. MS. has always w. 1857] altered to pine, erroneously, 2 ppmum in the contents, and silently. In the Colloquium 2 Head ceapl. Monasticon, the MS. has pmepmc- 4 clttpnaft, MS. Ian, torniculi, where the printed Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 241 lock seed ; worm meal in ale ; give him that to drink. If a man be badly wounded, and for pain in the breast; boil in ale, churmel and dill, Again, take green rue, a little at a time, or in honey. If a man be over much blown out, mingle with the white of an egg sea periwinkles, burnt and rubbed up, smear therewith. For hicket or hiccup of the wamb : throw dwarf dwostle into boiling water, let it soak therein long, till a man may drink the water. For worms of the wamb ; take the mickle sinful or sedum , wring out the juice, four little bowls full, in one bowl full of wine, as mickle as the others ; that is good for worms of wamb. XXXV. Of the wambs of children, and of overfilling, and if their meat do not well digest, and if sweat come from them, and stink foully. When a man understandeth that, then shall not a single meat be offered them, but various ones, that the newness or novelty of the meats may be good for them. If one eateth meat over measure, this case one tendeth the more easily, as one the sooner bringeth about that he spew, and be empty; if one tendeth him when troubled with the evil humour arising from overeating , then come on him various diseases, breast pain, neck disease, disease in the jowl, scurf of the head, purulence in the neck, churnels not easy to cure, and the like of those. If for these they may not sleep, then shall one give them hot water to drink, it will still the scour within, and will cleanse the wamb. Let them employ the bath moderately, and take meat and take drink mingled with water. VOL. II. Q Book IT. Cb. xxxiv. Digitized by Google 242 hMCE BOC. .XXXVI . 1 * * * * * Be unite paepce j f he brS on Jraejie pineftpan fiban tacn paape able hu hipleafe hie beo8 bolh unea81acno • pa men beo8 msejpe *j unpote • blace on onfyne J?eah pe hie aep paette paepon • beo8 hibep- peapbe • pamb tinjepealben *j uny)?e micje hip hal • ac hio hip fpeapfcpe *j jpenpe • *j blacpe J?onne hipe foL 91 a. piht fie. «j pnaeptia8 fpij?e beop poptojene • ^ip fio abl bij? to lanjSum • becyme}? jTonne on paetep bollan ne maej hine mon J>onne jelacman tunje tinjepealben *j unfreeze pa bolh beoj> unea81acnu pa pe on lichoman beo8 hie beo8 on pa pinftpan fiban mib ece jefpen- cebe on Sone I18 J?aepa eaxla betpeox jefculbpum bij> micel ece *j on pam jehpeoppe papa, bana on )?am fpeopan habbab eac lipehte pet cneop tpuciaft. Du pe milte bi8 emlanj *j jsebeptenje paape pambe haepS Jjynne pilmene fio hsep*® paette *j piece sebpa • pio pilmen bi]? j>eccenbe ppeonbe pa pambe pa mno- papan 2 y pa pypm8 • ^ tp aj?eneb on J>one pineftpan nepefeoJ?an *j ip mib finehtum limum jehaepb • *j ip on o8pe healpe bpab jehpmeS paape fiban • 6n o8pe ip 8am mnoSe jetanj. be hleahtpe pe op milte cymS fume feega}? p fe milte 8am finfim }?eopije *j pte pe milte on fumum baelum J?am monnum abeabije oppe foL 9i b. op fie • ‘j p hi popjnm hlyhhan maejen. SoJ?lice on pa llcan pifan pe o)?ep limo J?popia8 untpumneppa pe milte J?popa$ on pa llcan pifan. Op cele 8 unjemetlicum op haeto op bpigneppe op micelpe ypelpe paetan popj?on pixj? pe unite opep jefeeap ^ pona8 *j heapba8 fpiJ>oft op cele op unjemetlicpe paetan • J>onne cuma8 pa optoft 1 This chapter, and many more that follow, seem to be from Philagrios, as preserved in Trallianus. Bat such symptoms as “tongue uncontrolled,’’ and “ muscular feet,” are not to be found in the Greek, as printed. 2 The letter or letters between inn and japan have been cut off from the margin of the MS. 8 The words of Philagrios, in Alex. Trail., book viii., chap. x. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 243 xxxvi. Book II. Ch. xxxvi. Of milt wark, or acute pain in the spleen , and that the milt is on the left side, and tokens of the disease, how colourless the patients are, and there are wounds not easy of cure. The men are meagre and uncomfortable, pale of aspect, though ere this they were fat, and still are constitutionally disposed that way ; and the wamb is not under control, and scarcely can it he that the mie is healthy, but rather it will be swartish and greenish, and blacker than its right is to be, and the breathing is very hard drawn. If the disease is too longsome, then it tumeth to dropsy, one may not then cure it ; the tongue is uncontrolled and unsmooth, and the wounds which are upon the body are not easy of cure, and they are on the left side afflicted with ache, and in the joining of the shoulders, betwixt the shoulder blades, there is mickle ache, and in the turning about of the bones of the neck ; they have also brawny feet, their knees fail them. We tell how the milt is alongside and adjacent to the wamb, it hath a thin film, which hath fat and thick veins, and the film covereth and embraceth the wamb and the inwards, and warmeth them; and it is ex- tended on the left part of the lower abdomen, and it is held by sinewy attachments, and it is in the one quarter broad ; it toucheth the side, on the other it is in contact with the viscera. Of the laughter which cometh from the spleen. Some pay that the milt is the servant of the sinews, and that the milt in some parts is dead in men, or is wholly absent, and that for this reason they are able to laugh. In feet, in the same wise that other limbs suffer inconveniences, the milt in the same wise suffers. We treat also of immoderate cold, of heat, of dryness, of mickle evil wet, since the milt waxeth unnaturally, and diminishes, and harden- eth, and mostly of cold and immoderate wet ; further, Q 2 Digitized by Google 244 L2ECE BOC. op metturn *j op cealbura bpincan fpa fpa pmbon cealbe ofcpan -j sepia *j mipSenlice pypta fpipofc on fumepa ponne pa mon pij8. baep him ejle8 fpi8oft aeptep mete *j haemeb pmj on opeppyllo. Sio unjemetlice haeto pmp miltep cym8 op pepepablum op pepepef 1 fpolle on ylbo 1 pop blobe • biS apeneb pe milte *j apunben mib jefpelle eac hat lypt fpolja bjunjaS able on 8am milte • ponne pe mon pyp8 to fpipe pop- haet. Spa bi8 eSc on pintpa pop cyle pop papa pebpa 8 mipfenlicneppe f fe milte pyp8 jelepeb. p majon pife men onjitan hpanan pio abl cume be mif- foi. 92 a. jepibepum op metta ‘j op bpmcena Jnjmje pupli pap pinj pa ypelan paetan *j pinbijo ping beop acenneb on pam milte *j abla peaxap :• .XXXVII 5 Dv mon pcyle pone monnan mnan ^ ntan lacnian mib hatum ‘j cealbum mnan mib lactucan • *j clatan • •j cucupbitan bpmce on pine • bapije hme on fpetum paetpe. Utan he ip to lacmanne mib jepofobe ele *j to fmippanne • ‘j onlejena jepophte op pme *j pinbep- jum opt op butpan- -j op nipum peaxe *j op ypopo • onne fio ajnnbunj paey pinbef femninja cym8 J?onne ne majon pai J?inj hel- pan • pop pon Be p pile penban on psetep bollan •* Jip mon to )?am pa, pypmenban Jnnj be)? J?onne yep mon pa able. 4 p* milte feocum men htm mon pceal pellan eceb on pam fu)?epnan lsecebome pe hatte oxumelle pe pe ppiton yip pesye healpbeaban able blaebpan able • Ntm laupfcp pmbe • *j bpi je mmtan *j pipop *j puban feb « 6 coft • hunan • centaupian • p if hypbepypt o8pe naman eop]?jealla fpi)?uft J?aepe pea p • 6o pay pypta on J?one sep nemban laecebom 6n p pop J?u meaht jefeon set j?am sep jenemban ablum hu pn 8one foL 93 b. oxumelle pypeean pcealt.® Alepep 7 pmbe feop on psetpe oj? p J?sep psetpep fie ]?pibban bsel unbepelleb • *j pele ]?onne j?sep jobne ceac pulne to bpmeanne on pyy fi)?ap lset fimle bsej)?epne betpeonum. piy lice beah lenbenpeocum men • ept paei blacan ipjep 8 epop- pan sepefe • )?peo • ept .v. )?onne .vii. j?onne nijon • ponne .XL )?onne .xm. J?onne ,xv. porme feopantyne • j?onne mjantyne • )?onne .XXL fele fpa septep bajum bpmean on pine, gip fe man hsebbe eac pepeji pele j?u J?a cypnlu ]?sep eopJ?ipjep on hatum psetpe bpmean* piy lice beah pij? lenbenpeocum men. Gpt eop8jeallan on pme jefobenne pele bpmean. 6pt betomcan 0 pyl on pine pele bpmean. Sealp *j onlejen pi8 milte psepce 1 KAiMtovar, wavy movements , much ircvK48avoy : rue seed is mjydyov the same as fiopfiopvyua. tiypiov trWp/ua. 2 &yionne beah piy yip hunije jeyceb je prS fol. 95 a. milte able • je pij? majan • je prS hpean je yip ]?on pe mon blobe fpipe • je pij? eallum rnnan ablum* eac Jjon 1 piepJ?o gicpa fon apej be]?, pey laecebom beah je yip hpiepSo *j jic]?an* pypc op ecebe peaxpealpe • jentm psey ecebep .v. cticlep mael bo on mpne cpoccan bo elep bollan pulne to feo8 aetfomne fceab mpep fpeplep pfp cticlep mael • lytel peaxep opep pylle ept o]? p )?a 3 t eceb fie poppeallen • bo }?onne op pype hpepe *j yippan fmipe mib J?y J?a hpiep^o *j pone jicSan. . XLII. & omihte blob ypel paete on ]?am milte fie ]nn- benbe )?onne pceal htm mon blob puy laetan. Gip J?e •Jnnce p }>u o)?epne mapan laecebom bon ne buppe • pop 1 Head Jx>n, that is, Jxmne. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. 11. 253 spoon measures of the dust of “ boiling pitch 1 * * sift all this, then give a spoon full in wine to the man after his nights fast to drink: if he be also in a fever, give him the worts to drink in “hot” water made “luke- warm,” lest the pitch form a concrete with the other dust. Again, for a miltsick man, and for all inward disorders ; vinegar mingled with gladden ; work it thus : put three pound of little bits of rind of gladden in a good sized glass vessel, then add thereto of the sharpest wine, five sextarii, then set this in the hot sun, in sum- mer, when the hottest seasons are, and the clear white days of which we have written, that it may macerate and soak for four days and more ; afterwards give thou to the sick man of the vinegar a spoon full, and after the dose soon, give him something to drink, since that is very strong for him who never before tasted it. Fur- ther, this eked out with honey is of benefit, either for milt disease, or for maw disease , or for rawness , 8 or in case a man spew blood, or for all inward diseases : it also further soon doth away roughness of skin, and itch. This leechdom is good either for roughness or itch : work of vinegar a wax salve, or cerote ; take five spoon measures of the vinegar, put it into a new crock, add a bowl full of oil, seethe together, shed therein five spoon measures of new brimstone, and a little wax, boil it strongly “again,” till the vinegar is boiled off, then remove from the fire, and shake, and after- wards smear therewith the roughness and the itch. xlii. If inflamed blood and evil humour be in the milt, distending it, then shall the sick be thus let blood. If it seem to thee, that thou dare not to do another 1 Oar Saxon has made some mis- take : the receipt is similar to one given by Marcellas, col. 348, n., where we read “ ex picato mero vel “ nigro tepefacto.” * Probably cruditan $ indigestion. Book IT. Ch. xli. Digitized by 254 LASCE BOC. fol. 95 b. fol. 96 a. unmihte paBp mannep o88e pop unmeltunje oppe pop yl be • oppe pop jiojaSe • oj >pe pop unjepibepum ♦ oppe pop (Itpihtan • jebib ponne op p pu maeje * obbe 1 bypp e • jip haeto oppe meht ne pypne last him blob on pam pmeftpan eapme op peepe upeppan aebjie • jip pu pa pinban ne maeje laet 6p paepe mibmeptan aebpe * Jip Jm pa, pnban ne maeje last op paepe heapob aebpe. J>onne jip mon pa, pnban ne maeje laet op paBpe pine- fcpan hanba neah pam lytlan pnjpe op aebpe • jip hit fprBe peab fie oppe pon ponne bib hit py pe fpipop to laetanne • jip hit clasne oppe hluttop fie laet pj pe laeppe. Jp hpeepepe fpa to laetanne fpa p liphce maejen ne afppinje. . XLIII. blip 2 him mon pceal pup mettap fellan 6n paepe able jefeape pyfan hlap 6n hatum paetepe oxu- melle pe pe ppiton aep bepopan yip blaebpan able fu- pepne eceb bpenc • mepce on paetpe jefoben *j fpilca pypta mijole bpmcan *j pynne pin him ip to pel- lanne pel fcip p bet p maejen paep miltep pcellihte pifcaf him fint to picjenne • pijlaf pa pe on pen- num ne fien. piy him if to popjanne • ne picjen hie pen pixaf • ne fae pixaf pa pe habba$ heapb plaepc • *j picjen hie pa aep jenemban mettaf • oftpan • pme- pmclan •* ne pa mettaf pa pe ablapan monnan maejen • ne hpipepep plaepc* ne fpmep ne fceapep ne picjean hie • ne jate • ne ticcenep • ne bpmce 4 piece pin • ne mete ne to fprSe hatne* ne eSc to cealbne. 6pt 6 *o«S,MS. 2 pij*, MS. With the text compare, Em£Au] robs ff/cXriphs /cal Tax«*r. Opp. Alex. Tralliani, p. 496, ed. Basil. 2 p not p ; see note, p. 240. 4 bpmcan would be better. 5 Kal aurl/ca /car* bpxb* rov %po$ alpa tco\v 4k rov iiptortpov by Kayos bjfpipow, Opp. Alex. Tralliani, p. 427, ed. Basil. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOH. H. 255 greater leechdom, for the want of might in the man, or for want of digestion, or for old age, or for youth, or for bad weather, or for diarrhoea, then wait till that thou may so do or dare. If heat, or his capacity to bear it, forbid it not, let him blood from the left arm from the upper vein ; if thou canst not find that, let him blood from the midmost vein ; if thou canst not find that, let him blood from the head vein. Further, if that cannot be found, let him blood from the left hand, near the little finger, from a vein. If the blood be very red or livid, then must it be let flow more plentifully ; if it be clean or clear, let it flow so much the less. Blood however is so to be taken from the mem as that his vital power may not be unsettled. xliii. Thus shall the sick mens diet be administered in that disease ; juicy peas, and bread m hot water, and oxymel, of which we wrote before, when spmking of bladder disease, the southern acid drink; marche also sodden in water, and such worts and diuretic drinks, and thin wine must be given them, and sheer or clear; that will better the power of the milt; and shell fishes are to be taken, and fowls, those, namely , which are not dwellers in fens. This that followeth is to be foregone; let them not partake of fen fishes, nor sea fishes which have hard flesh, and let them take the before named meats, oysters and periwinkles, not the meats which puff up a mans strength, nor let them take flesh of bullock, nor of swine, nor of sheep, nor of goat, nor of kid, nor let them drink thick wine, nor food either too extremely hot Book n. Ch. xlii. Digitized by foL 96 b. I 256 LiECE BOC. blob bi8 job to laetanne on popan lenctene op )>am pmftpan eapme. .xum. , 6pt laecebom pe p ypel ut tih8 op pam milte ye beah to manejum o)?pum ablum • jentm jpene puban ane baeje aep jepomna *j mebmicel pipopep • ojrep fpilc cymenep o88e ma • bo p cymen ane baeje aep o88e tpam oppe J?pim on eceb abpije *j ajmb to bufte ealle pay pypta • menje prS hunij afipen • jebo Jjonne 6n jlaepene ampullan pele J?onne cuclep pulne pey beali yip majan ablapunje *j mnojra • hnepeej? J?a pambe • J?ynna8 pa, Oman bitpe hpaecetunje apej be]; bpeofc cope • *j pib paepce • *j bpep able • *j lenben paepce • *j milte paepce eal p liht. • XLV. Laecebomap *j fpi8 bpenc yip afpollenum milte • acele 8u pealhat ipen ]nmne hit pupjmm fie op pype atojen • on pine oppe on ecebe pele p bpmcan p ]m meaht eac pellan Jra,m habba]; keapbne lichoman • ne pceal mon hpae);epe )tfpne bpmcan pellan on popepeapbne pone ece pa, able ac ymb pela nihta. . XLVI. 8 J}en fmbon laecebomap yip aejhpaejieppe fiban pape tacn hu fio abl topeapb fie • hu p mon onjitan maeje • «j hu hiopa 8 mon tilian pcyle • ]>ap laecebomaf pceal mon bon yip fiban pape • /j p\y ftnbon J^epe able 1 Kcd #co2 ffrofi&naros Acirlr, V bc**vo iv x^Ktlois TvpotifxevSv T€ fca) aa men beop mib hpipmjum fpipe frpanjum psecebe • *j micel fap on bam fibtim. ftpilum cnyppep f pap on pa pib • hpilfim opep ealle fiban bi}> f pap • hpiltim becymB on pa peopoban ept yirib lytel je pa jefculbpu je eft pone nepefeopan p pap jpet • *j hpopaB 2 jelome • hpilnm blobe hpaecap • pmjale psec- cean ppopiaB . tunje biB bpije • ne majon jelicjean on pcepe pmeftpan fiban • jtp on psepe fpi8pan p pap foi. 97 a . biB • ne majon eac ept on pa fpiBpan • jip on pa pin- ftpan p pap bip • jepelaB p pa rnnopap hi penbap mib hiopa hepijneppe *j on pa piban peallaB pe he on lie- jeaB • sep psepe able pap tacn beop • bip eSc jeonb pmjpap 3 cele *j cneopa unmeht eajan peabiaB peob 4 *j beop heop pamij utjan; mieje ajeOlpob lytel bip psep mnopep meltun; *j 5 * sebpa ckeppetunj • epunj biB paplic jehnycneb neb ‘j papa bpeofta bip beapij psetunj fpa fpa fie jefpat • mobep elhyjb ceolan hpiftunj lipeounj • hlybenbe fpipuft innan piftlaB op pam beele pe *p pap biB hlinunje *j hlijiunje piB pipeppsec • jip pap tacn lanje pumaB • ponne bip feo abl to ppecen- lico *j ne msej him mon jetilian • ahpa hpaeppe pone mannan pe pip ppopaB hpsepep he seppe psepe plejen on pa piban oBBe jeftunjen oppe hpsepep he lenje mp apeolle oBBe jebpocen pupbe • jip hit p psepe ponne biB he py eaBlsecna jip hit bip op cyle cumen oppe op ypelpe mpsetan hit biB pe uneaplsecpa. 7 Jip he ponne fol. 97 b. bip sep on psepe hppe oppe on pam lunjenum jefapjob 1 These symptoms are fully stated in nearly the same words by Are- tseos, Acut L x. Possibly the diagnosis and the symptoms were stated, as they are in the text, by Philagrios. The Saxon author mentions mechanical causes for the sore of the side, as well as nosolo- gical ; he does not therefore confine himself to pleurisy. 2 Read hpo]xa“5. 3 Aretaeos accompanies us no fur- ther. 4 Read -j bij> heop peob ? 5 J>eapb or some word to express 'XkXtipSs is wanting. 0 Read eaftleacnpa. 7 For uneaftleacnpa. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 259 tokens of the disease, like unto the tokens of lung disease, and the tokens of liver pain. The men are afflicted with very strong fevers, and mickle sore on both sides. At whiles the sore striketh 1 upon the ribs, at whiles the sore is over all the side; at whiles it cometh up on the collar bones, and again, after a little, the sore greeteth either the shoulders or the lower belly, and they cough frequently, at whiles they hreak up blood, they suffer a constant wakefulness, the tongue is dry, they cannot lie on the left side if the sore is on the right side, nor again can they lie on the right, if the sore is in the left ; they feel that their viscera by their weight shift place, and fall upon the side on which they lie. These tokens are before the disease. There is also cold all through their fingers, and power- lessness of their knees, their eyes are red, and red is their hue, and their discharge 8 is foamy, their mie is turned yellow , 8 and the digestion of the inwards is little, and hard the pulsation of the veins, the breath- ing is sorelike, the face twitched, and there is a dewy "wetting of the breast, as if it sweated, a delirium of the mind; a spasmodic action, and roughness of the throat, sounding chiefly from within, whistleth from the part on which the sore is ; the disease is unfavour- able to a leaning posture and to laughing. If these tokens continue long, then is the disease too dangerous, and one can do nothing for the man : notwithstanding, ask the man, who endureth this, whether he ever were stricken or stabbed in the side, or whether he long before had a fall, or got a breakage ; if it were that, then will he be easier to cura If it is come of cold or of inward evil humour, it is so much the harder to cure. If further the man have been before troubled with soreness in the liver, or in the lungs, and the 1 NiWe<, doubtless. | * Thus the Saxon. 2 Expectoration ? | R 2 Book II Ch. xlvi Digitized by 260 LiECE BOC. *j ]?anan cyme8 fio 1 pbpaepc ]?onne hip p fpi8e ppecne. Jip hit on psm milte bij? aep j?onne bij? hit py ea)>- laqie • jip he Jxmne bij) aep on J?aepe lunjene jepunbob )?anan cym8 fe pibpaepc J>onne bij? p fpi8e ppecne • ;ip hit on pam milte bi8 aep • J?onne cym8 p pap on J?a pinfcpan fiban • je j?a habbaB * hepije ppecenneppe • ahfa hme hpaej?ep him fe milte pap fie o88e hpaej?ep him fpeopcojm fie • fpa pn meaht onjitan p J? 3 ep p fiban pap cym8 op ypelpe paetan bip fpi8e ppecne. Jip him fe utjanj popfeten fie o88e jemijan ne maeje mib fme}?pe onbounje pyptbpencep ]?uph hopn o88e pipan fio pamb bij? to claenfianne • ppecne biS eac J>onne J>aep peocan mannef hpaca bi8 mamjep hipep bleo :- 8 be Jnpum tacnum j?u meaht hpaep fe man to lac- nianne fie onjitan hpaep ne fie • hpaep mon nnfopte jetilaS 6n popepeapbe J?a able ]?onne p fap aepefc jeftihB on pa. fculbpu on J>a bpeofc. Sona pceal m8n blob 6p aebpe laetan. Jip p pap jepumje on J>am bpeoftum anum oppe on J?am upepan hpipe oJ?J?e on fol. 98 a. )>am mibhpipe • j?onne pceal him mon pyptbpenc pellan niman fpete paetep mib ele jebon on fpmep blaebpan *j bejnan p fap mib. . XL VII. Laecebomaf pa, pe J?ynnunje maejen haebben fmal- unje • pam lichoman pa 8a haeto mebmicle oppe fupanje ppopian hu him m6n fcyle fpmef blaebpan onbon. Jemm hunan peax ele jemenje oppe jejnib to- jaebpe ealpa empela p hit an fie fmipe mib bo on claej? leje on. pip fape fiban ept jemm puban leap *j 1 Read fe. * In I. xlv. 5, the genitive was * hab, MS., at the end of a line, blcoj*. Bleo, by a zeugma, may be the "writer forgetting to complete genitive plural, the word. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 261 side pain cometh thence, then is that very dangerous ; if it has been ere that on the milt, then it is the easier to cure. Further, if the mem have been before wounded in the lung, and thence cometh the side pain, then is that very dangerous. If it have been formerly in the spleen, then the sore cometh on the left side, yea, those tokens have heavy mischief; ask him whether the milt be sore, or whether he hath neck disease. So thou mayest understand that sore of the side cometh from evil humour and is very mischievous. If his anal dis- charge be stopped, or if he may not mie, the wamb must be cleansed by an always easy application of a wort drink, m this case a clyster, through a horn or pipe. There is danger also when the sick mans expec- toration or hreak is of many a hue and complexion. 1 2. By these tokens thou mayest understand in what case the man is curable, in what case he is not. In case one treateth a man unsoftly in the early stage of the disease, then the sore first mounteth into the shoulders and into the breast. Soon must one let blood from a vein, if the sore continue on the breast alone, or in the upper belly, or in the midriff; then must one give the man a wort drink, and take sweet water with oil put into a swines bladder, and warm the sore therewith. xlvii. Leechdoms which have the power of thinning and of making small, for the bodies which suffer the heat, either moderate or strong, and how one must apply a swines bladder to them. Take /torehound, and wax, and oil, mingle or rub together equal quantities of all, that it, the mixture , may be one ; smear therewith, and put also on a cloth and apply. For sore of side, again ; 1 Tldvra iuairrv€Tai Kcxp«0>iip J?peo mht. .XL VIII. Jip pa,y pultumaf ne pyn helpe • laet 1 blob J?onne on ®bpe op eapme naep on pa, healpe pe p pap bij? • *j pa, pambe man pceal clsenpian 2 mib fmej?e pyptbpence. Gpt eopopfpmep 8 cpeab p mon pint on puba jemylte 6n paetpe apeoh bo on hip bpmcan • oppe bpije jemenj *j jejnib on hif bpmcan p haety paepe piban pap. Gpu celenbpep 4 fob jejnib «j feop on hunije op p hit Sicce fie • jemm paey J^onne on mopjenne on aepenne J)peo cuclep mael pele to Jncjenne. .XLvmi. Laecebomap *j peaxpealpa pceappunja yip fiban pape • *j hpaet him fie to jncjanne. 6Sc pxx pcealt J?onne Jm on J?am pculbpum tyhft blob teon fprSe 6n J?eepe piban 1 Trallianus, p 85, ed. Lutet, re- commends onne on pefan • seprep )?o n ter him blob op )?am halan ha)?oli- J?an In opne J>»p him ne ejle pyji • jip J?u him ro pela tetfr ne bi}? him Jjonne peopep pen. Pypc him bpip op pealpypce mopan • *j op plea]?an pypte • *j hunan fol. 09 b. *j bile pseb peoj? J?ap on burpan pele etan colne on raojijen on nihr bpip hif mere pi)? ele *j eal hip bpinca fie cealb. CDanejum men lunjen jiorab on bpince he fpiplep bpencef *j pela henne sejpu jeplea on an peer fpa hpeap • je)?pepe ]?onne J?icje *j je- menje »p pi}? pleran *j nan o)?ep molcen J?icje. Leohr bpcnc • jeriftn jajellan pyl on pypte ter )?onne hpon 1 Tlntra-dvri, Alex. Tr. 3 t crumbs , Alex. Trail., p. 87, line 15, ed. Lutet. * Marcellus, col. 351, u. 4 boo, we expected a feminine. 5 The stop is misplaced thus MS. in Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. 11. 265 scarify and lay on cerote and oil, and give such drinks as thou knowest are suitable for side pain. If a mild wort drink do not suffice, give a strong one. Let the man take light meats and juicy broths, and juicy peas, and beaten eggs, and bread broken in hot water, and periwinkles removed from the shells, with peas. L Again, for sore of side, seethe in oil leaves of betony, and bruise them, lay them on the side. li. 1. Hereinafter are set forth the loathly tokens of lung disease, and whence it cometh, and how one must work leechdoms against it. The breast is upblown, and the thigh and muscle is sore, and the mans maw distendeth much, and his legs and his feet swell much with evil unfeeling swellings, and a drier cough vexes him, and in the cough at whiles his voice is gona Smear the man with oil, and also warm the sides and the ribs with new wool, and between the shoulders, a little before evening, then let the oil remain on him ; and after that let him blood from the sound elbow “ in an oven, where the fire cannot harm him if thou lettest him too much blood, there will be no hope of his life. Work him a brewit from roots of wall wort, and from Heath wort, and Aorehound, and dill seed ; seethe these in butter ; give him this brewit to eat cold in a morning; and at night dress his meat with oil, and let all his drink, be cold. .In many a man the lung decayeth. Let him drink some emetic drink, and beat up many hens eggs into a vessel, all raw, then let him curdle it and eat it, and previously mingle with curds, and let him take no other milk diet. A light drink ; take gagel, or sweet gale , boil it in wort of beer 9 then let it stand a little, remove the Digitized by Book II. Ch. xlix. Google 266 LiECE BOC. jeftanban bo op J?a jajellan bo )?onne mpne 51ft 6n beppeoh J?onne f hit ahebbe pell • bo porme eolenan • •j pepmob • betomcan • mepce • *j antpan to pele bpmcan. Jepfpc beopypt pi}? lunjen punbe • «j banpypt feo )?e haebbe cpoppan jecnua }?a pypta tpa pyl on but- jian. bpenc pib lungen able gemm hmbheolo}?an leap • hinb bepgean • *j gapclipan heopbpemlep 1 leap pyl on pypte last bjuncan. yip lungen able • hinb bepgean leap hpeobef fpip peabe hopan • btpceoppypt bolhpunan • neptan on clae- num paetpe ealle }?ap pypta pylle bpince. yip lungen able pypc pealpe on butepan *j )?ige on meolcum • mm bpune pypt meobopypt • bepc pago • nepte • gapclipe. fol. 100 a. Pi]? lungen able bpune pypt cneopholen • betonica • pubu mepce fupe • eopop peapn • acumba • gapclipe • tpegen bpemlap • uouelle • pab • pypc to bpence *j to pealpe. S enim eopoppeapn gecnupa apylle on butpan bo pa, pealpe on apyllebe gate meoltic J?icge on neaht neptig • on upan mete. bpenc pi)? bpigpe lun- genne • holen pinbe • *j .V. leapan • bile • *j pebic ge- cnua to bufte • ■j op geot mib ealoft pele bpmcan gelome. 6ft bpenc • mapubian • *j betomcan* mepce pube • fupapulbpe pinbe • plah ]?opn pmbe bpince on eala8. bpip pij> lunjen able* ontpan* eolonan* mapu- bian • penpypt • pa, clipihtan • pube * mepce • pipo^ • hunig. Jhp bpigpe lungenne* op pealpypte mopan • 6p pleofan pypte • hunan • bilep pceb* feo]? on butpan pele etan colne on mopgenne • on mht • bpip hip mete yip ele. 6ft mm alpep pinbe feo]? on paetpe op p J?aep paetepef pie }?pibban bael onbepylleb pele fonne 1 heopbjiem bjiemlef, MS; Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 267 gagel, then add new yeast, then wrap it up that it may rise well, then add helenium, and wormwood, and betony, and marche, and ontre ; give the mcm this to drink. 2. Work together beewort, for a lung wound, and that bonewort which hath bunches of flowers; pound the two worts, boil in butter. A drink for lung disease ; take leaves of hindheal, and hind berries, or raspberries, and gardife, or agrimony, and leaves of the hip bramble, or dogrose; boil them in wort of beer; make the mam, drink. 3. For lung disease ; leaves of hind berries, or rasp- berries, a spike of a reed, red hove, bishopwort, dol- hrune, nepeta ; let the mam, boil all these worts in clean water, and drink. For lung disease, work a salve in butter, and take the same in milk; take brownwort, meadwort, birch lichen, nepeta, garclife, or agrimony. For lung disease ; brown wort, knee holly, betony, wild marche, sorrel, everfem, oakum (ashes), garclife, the two brambles, the dogrose and blackberry, wowelle, woad ; work these into a drink and into a salve. Take everfem, pound it, boil it in butter, put “the salve ” into boiled goats milk, and let the man take it at night fasting, and on the top of that his meat. A drink for a dry lung ; pound to dust rind of holly and cinqfoil, dill and radish, and pour them all over with ale; give the mcm that to drink frequently. Again, a drink ; let him drink in ale, marrubium and betony, marche, rue, rind of crab apple tree, sloe thorn rind. A brewit for lung disease ; ontre, helenium, marrubium, wenwort, that namely which is bulbed, rue, marche, pepper, honey. For a dry lung ; some root of wallwort, and of fleath wort, /torehound, seed of dill ; seethe these in butter, give the brewit to the man to eat cold, in' the morning and at night, and dress his meat with oil. Again, take rind of alder, seethe in water till a third part of the water be boiled away, then give the Book IL Ch. li. Digitized by Google 268 LiECE BOC. caelic pulne to bpmcanne on ppy pifaf • laet fimle baej- Jjepne betpeonum. J?iJ? lunjen punbe • p aep blacan fol. ioob. lpijep cjioppena *j copna aepeft J?peo on baej .v. on mopjene feopan py ]?pibban baeje ]?onne nijon • )?onne .XI. fonne Jjpeottyne • j?onne ptptyne • Jxmne feopon- tyne • J?onne mjantyne • J?onne .xxi. pele fpa aeptep bajum bprncan on pine. Gpt pij? lunjen punbe beto- nican pyl on pine pele bpincan. j?ij> )?on llcan jeriiin mu jepypt m)?epeapbe • *j bpunepypt pyl on butepan. Pip lunjen able jeriim cpican • *j ac pmbe • *j japclipan jecnupa tojaebepe • bepylle J?onne 1 )?pibban bael on hpaetene pypte fupe aeptep amylte butepan. Gpt jeriim bpune pypt • *j bipceop pypt • pubu mepcc • pubu ceppillan • eopop peapn • hmb hioloJ?e • acumba • attoplaJ?e • peabe hope • maebepe. pip lunjen able • bolhpune • *j aepepj^e nioJ?opeapb • *j bpune pypt • *j peabe hope • *j peabe netlan apylle on hunije *j on cubutepan pfip on meolcum. 6ft jentm paebicep .in. fnaeba* bpabe leacep jelice fpicep .III. bo p .III. bajaf oppe nijon. To fpip bpence .YL copn alpan .xxx. lybcopna N jpeatan pypt mojwpeapbe • lipeppe liatte bpije ]>a on funnan *j ellen pinbe ni}>epeapbe bpije eac *j jetpi- pula tpipe fmaele • bo healpne bollan ealoS to • *j fpete mib hunije • bo hpon butepan • *j pipopep hpon • *j jehaete p ealu *j bo hpon pealtep to. Gpt pepmob *j eolonan laeppe laet ftanban tpa mht on ealoj? bjunce ponne. Gpt jlaebene • hope pleotpypt cnupa on ealap *j jefpet bpmce porme. Jip mon hine bpece opep jemet to fpipanne fi)?j?an him fpip bpenc op fie • jeriim paettep plaepcep pele tpa fnaeba. pece bpenc • elene ];one laep- 1 Insert oJ>, as emendation. Digitized by Google LEECH ROOK. IT. 269 man a chalice full to drink at three times ; leave always a days space between. For lung wound ; of the berry bunches of the black ivy and of its grains, at first three a day, five on the morrow, seven the third day, then nine, then eleven, then thirteen, then fifteen, then seventeen, then nineteen, then twenty-one ; give them so, according to the days, to be drunk in wine. Again, for lung wound, boil betony in wine, give it to be drunk. For the same; take the nether- ward part of mugwort and brownwort, boil in butter. For lung disease ; take quitch, and oak rind, and agri- mony ; pound them together, then boil to the third part in wheaten wort of beer ; sip afterwards some melted butter. 4. Again, take brownwort, and bishopwort, wild marche, wood chervil, everfem, hindheal, oakum (ashes), attorlotbe, red hove, and madder. For lung disease ; dolhrune, and the netherward part of seferth, and brown- wort, and red hove, and red nettle ; boil them in honey and in cows butter ; sip this in milk. Again, take three slices of radish, and the like of broad leek, and of bacon three : do that for three days or nine. lii. 1. For an emetic ; six grains of aloes, thirty of lib- corns, and the netherward part of great wort, wherwe it hight, dry it in the sun, and elder rind, the nether- ward part, dry it also, and triturate it very small, add half a bowl of ale, and sweeten with honey, add a little butter, and a little pepper, and heat the ale, and add a little salt. Again, wormwood, and helenium, but less of it ; let them stand for two nights in ale, then let the man drink. Again, gladden, hove, float wort, pound these in ale, and sweeten it, then let the man drink. If a man strain himself overmuch to spew, after a spew drink is past off from him, take some fat flesh, give him two slices. A weak emetic drink; helenium, VOL. ii. R 7+- Book II. Ch. li. Digitized by Google 270 LiECE BOC. tan bsel punjef • cammoc pyl p on ealap pele p lyt- lum fupan ponne hit col fie op p he fpipe. p ip hope nipepeapb befcpepen *j jecnuab • *j ellen pypttpuman pinbe apaepc pa clsene *j befcpepene • apenb ponne op pam pypttpuman • *j jecnua jotpopan • *j penpypt fio peaxep on ealbum lanbe • jeot ponne hlutfco^ eala to • fol. 101 b. pylle fpa fpippe mebo jtp hebbe beppeo lset ftan- ban nihtepne apeoh bollan pulne jefpete ponne mib hunije apeoh ponne ept • bebmbe ponne jenoh peapme • laete ponne ftranban neahtepne. bpince ponne on mopjen hme ppeo peapme him plaep beopje fpipe jeopne • lanje he rnsej on pam pyptum ftanban *j ponne hine mon bpmcan pille onhpepe ept. Pypce ponne in psep bollan pulne fpa he aep pophte • jtp he fie to unfpiS jejmbe he piptig lyb copna jefpete ponne. Pypce fpibpan jip he pille • abelpe pa jpeatan pypt afcpep pa jpeatan pmbe op jecnupa ponne fmsele jeot ponne hluttop eala on. Se bpenc bip fpa pelpa fpa p ealu pelpe bip. Spipe bpenc • jenim ellenpmbe mpepeapbe • *j hampypte *j hunbteontij lybcopna je- cnua fpipe pel ealle pa pypta bo on ealo menje ponne • jenim ponne pah mela hseplep oppe alpep apipt ponne pul clsene tela micle hanb pulle bo on jemanj lset fol. 102 a. neahtepne ltanban ahlyttpa fpipe pel • jefpet mib hum je jebpinc fcenc pulne tela micelne. gtp re bpenc nelle op jemrn onpeb pelle on ealaS bpmcan fcenc pulne peapmep pona bip pel JJypc fpipbpenc. jenim lybcopn *j pipop copn hpit cpuba alpan jprnb to bufte pa pypta fpipe • bo on beop fpa on ptn fpa on peoppe Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 271 the least bit of thung or aconite, cammock or pence- danum; boil that in ale ; when it is cool, give the mom that to sip little by little, till he spew. . . . that is, hove, the nether part of it scraped and pounded, and the rind of elder roots ; wash them clean, and have them, scraped, then rend the rind away from the roots, and pound goutweed, and wenwort, that namely which waxeth in old land, then pour thereon clear ale, boil it, or strongish mead if thou have it, wrap it up and let it stand or the space of a night, strain out a bowl full, then sweeten with honey, then strain again, then bind it up warm enough, then let it stand for a nights space ; then let him drink it the morning, and let him wrap himself up warm, and let him very earnestly beware of sleep. Long may the drink stand upon the worts, and when a man hath a mind to drink it, let him shake it up again : then let him work thereinto a bowl full, as he before wrought it ; if it be too weak let him rub small fifty libcoms , 1 and then sweeten it. Let him work it stronger if he will; delve up the great wort, scrape away the great rind, then pound it small ; then pour clear ale upon it : the drink is the better according as the ale is better. An emetic ; take the netherward part of the rind of elder, and home- wort, and a hundred libcoms, pound them very well, put all the worts into ale, then mix; then take fine meal of the hazel or alder, then sift it full clean, put in a good large handful amidst the rest , let it stand for a nights space, dear it very thoroughly, sweeten with honey, drink a good mickle cup full. If the drink will not be thrown off, take onred, give in ale a cup full of it warm U, the mom to drink; soon he will be well. Work a spew drink thus ; take libcoms, and pepper- corns, and mastich, and aloes, grind the worts to dust thoroughly, put into beer, or into wine, or into skim 1 Seeds of Momordica elaterium. BookIL Ch. lii. Digitized by 272 LjECE boc. meolfic ;ip pn )?apa oj?eppa nap)?ep naebbe • jip pu on pme pypce oj?j>e on meolce jefpet mib humje bpince tela micelne poenc pulne. Spipe bpenc pypc 6p beope bo cofc to alpan *j lybcopna piptyne )?apa o)?epa jelice. Spipe bpenc hampypte .ill. fnaeba • *j ellen pinbe be- penbe jelice micel .xxv. lybcopna 1 jejnib bo liumjep fpilce an fnaeb fie on ete J;onne nub cuclepe on fup hatep paetepef o66e cealbep. Jfp bpenc op men nelle • jenim mepce • *j ceppillan feoJ> tpipe on paetpe bo pealt to bpince* )?onne. Jip hme mnan paepce • jentm ni jep ealab ambep pulne bo lianb pulle hampypte on • laet on hebban bpince op p jm fpipe • fumj J?onne pej?pe fol. 102 b. on muS teoh J?a jellefcpan fit bpmc ept Sona :• Ntm fcamomam p penij jepeje *j jejnib fmaele hpep henne aej fpibe pealt bo }>a pypt 6n ne last jeyp- nan p aej ac ptip. Pyptbpenc • fcamoman jeceop Jmp bpec on tu bo hpon on June tunjan jfp hto hpite opep- bpejbeJ? fpa meluc }>onne hio bip job • jejnib j?onne on tpeopenum paete naep on nanum oj?pum mib fticcan oppe mib haepfce bo op p mon jejniban ne maeje p bij> jeupnen • bo caulicef on .11. bpopan obbe j?py • oppe eleleapep ftelan jepyl topomne • jip hio bij? job • bpenc bib on penmje • £ip maatpa bib on ofipum heal- pum obbe on tpam auuipej>pimaenemae. 2 Spipe bpenc • hopan onjieb • ellen pinbe jecnua to Somne ellen laeft • bo )?onne to .xxx. pipop copna jefpet mib humje pele bpmcan. 1 cybcopna, MS. ma ? Yet the letters of the text 2 Head anb sijr iyel >pim ac ne are quite legible and clear. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 273 milk, if thou have neither of the others ; if thou work it in wine or in milk, sweeten it with honey ; let the man drink a good mickle cup full. 2. Work a spew drink of beer, add costmary, and aloes, and fifteen libcoms, of the others similarly. 3. An emetic; of homewort three pieces, and rend up elder rind, the same quantity, twenty-five libcorns, rub them to dust , and of honey as much as would be one piece or proportion, then eat thereof with a spoon, sip some water hot or cold. If such a draught will not pass from a man, take marche and chervil, seethe them thoroughly in water, add salt, then let the mam drimk. If there is inward pain, take a jug full of new ale, add a hand full of homewort, have the jug held up and drink till thou spew ; then poke a feather into thy mouth ; draw the bad matter out, drink again soon. Take scaramony, so much as may weigh a penny, and rub it small, and half cook a hens egg, salt it thoroughly, put the wort into it, let not the egg coa- gulate, but sip it. A wort drink; choose scammony thus, break it in two, put a bit on thy tongue, if it bursteth out white as milk, then it is good; rub it then in a treen vessel, not in any other, with a spoon or with a handle, remove what cannot be rubbed down, that part is coagulated, add two or three drops of xwXixov , 1 or boil together with it a stalk of olive leaf : if it be good the dose will be one pennyweight ; if moderately good, one and a half or two penny- weights ; if bad, three ; no more than that. A spew drink; hove, and onred, and elder rind; pound these together, put least of elder, then add thirty pepper- corns, sweeten with honey, give the man to drink. 1 “ Est etiam medicamentum . . . “ quod KtaXucbp nominatur . . . magis “ prodest potui datum.” Celsus, IV. VOL. II. xiv. See the mention of 0rfpiep fpilc jebeat fmaele *j jejnib to bufue. Jemm J*ep cuclep pabie • jebo on ealb pin oppa ciepen bpince ponne neahtneptij J?py bajap. Jhp psepcope bipceoppypt • pepmob • betomca • pebic • mepce • cofc • puban j-seb pypc to bpence. .LVI. Qip mon ne msDje titjejan • jemm uman • *j eac M. 104 a. jecpypte hanb pulle* mebmicelne bollan pulne ealab- bepyl ppimme f ealo on psepe pypte bpince ponne neahtneptij. 6pt jip mon fyp japleac on henne bpope *j pelS bpmcan ponne to laet hio p pap. 6pt jate meoluc eceb feop aetjsebepe pele bpmcan. Gpt jate meoluc *j humj *j pealt pele bpmcan. 6pt pylle jeappan on hunije 6n butpan ete pa pypt mib. J)\p tirpsepce ept epelaptan upepeapbe • pejbpaeban ellenpinbe pealt on ealo jejmben. Tacn 8 be utpilitan je on pam upeppan lipipe je on pam mpeppan, pa, able mon maej onjitan be pam utjanje hpilc pe on onfyne fie. Sum bip pynne fum mib piccum psetum jeonb joten. Sum mib paep m- nopep • *j mib papa finsel peapma jebpocum 3 jemenjeb . 1 The MS. has a stop after cluj> cap. i. p. 107, line 27, ed. Lutet. ; , lhran. hook viH., p. 455, ed. Basil. 2 Nearly as Trail ianus, book x., 3 £uam upeppan hpipe. Sum op pam m^eppan • }>am pe op )?am upeppan hpipe cymb pe ticpaepc pi{ tScn bi6 • p pe man pap jepelS set hif napolan *j on hip fculbpum hepij pap • *j Jmpfc *j unlufu «j jmph bsec J>eapm lytel blob bpopaB; Sio utpiht abl cymS manejum aepeft op to miclum fitjanje • Jnmne lanje hpile ne jym8 mon p&i op p pe umop pyp8 je onbupnen je }mph p jepunbob • hpilum onjinneS op j?am mibhpipe pe ip betpeox j?aepe pambe *j J?8epe hppe • *j pa peap pa, 8e beo8 jemenjebu op mettum pij? blob *j pip oman jeonbjeotaJ? )>one InnoJ; pypceaS ypelne frcjanj *j pop J>sepe jpimneppe )?apa omena ne msej beon jehsepb py fe mete ac beo)> pomob pa, mnojrnf bebpipen ponne pyp8 p to utpsepce. ftu mon pa utypnenban men pcyle lacnian pam mon fceal pellan pa mettap pa $e pambe neappian j*am majan ne fce}?j?an • caulep feap • hpilum pyfena bpo)> *j eceb • pop mib pejbpseban jefoben *j ealbne cyfe jefobenne on jate meolce mib py fmeppe jate • hpilum bpsebe pone cyfe bpijne hlap *j paetep p pe pofe on jefoben hpilum pcfcapp pm bpmce. Pync him onlejena to clame jepopht • bepen melo o)?J>c hpaeten mib hunije jeSoben ♦ mib mebmicle * * * * * Here many folios have been taken from the MS. In the margin “ hie lacuna eft,” now erased, may be read . Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 279 filled with ratten ; some is very bloody ; some cometh from the upper belly, 1 some from the lower: of that in which the discharge cometh from the upper belly, this is a token, that the man feeleth sore at his navel, and heavy sore on his shoulders, and thirst, and loss of appetite, and a little blood droppeth through the back gut or rectum. 4. The disease dysenteria cometh to many first from too mickle faecal discharge, and then a man for a long while attendeth not to this, till the inwards become either inflamed, or through that neglect wounded. At whiles it beginneth from the midriff, which is, betwixt the wamb and the liver, and the juices from meats which are mingled with blood and with bad hu- mours, pour themselves through the inwards and cause an evil faecal discharge, and for the grimness of the inflammatous matters the food cannot be contained, but the inwards, 2 along with it, are driven down, then that tumeth to dysentery. We say now, how one must cure the man thus afflicted ; to him one must give the meats which restrain the wamb and do not scathe the maw, juice of colewort, at whiles peas broth, and vinegar, and porrum or leek sodden with waybroad, and old cheese sodden in goats milk, along with the grease of goat. At whiles roast the cheese and dry bread, and let him drink water which has been sodden upon roses, at whiles sharp wine. Work him poultices wrought to a clammy mass, barley or wheaten meal sodden with honey, with a moderately mickle * ***** ***** 1 ’E£ folmkwv hnipvv, bowels cor- j tions of the intestines, and r&u rectly. j tvrepuv fj ime oB p J?pibban b»l J?8Bpe peetan • oBBe peopBan • *j pleot p pam *j p pot fymle 1 op oBjrcet hit jepoben pi* ;ip pu pille J)one bpenc ptpenjpan pypcan • ponne bo J?u ppa mycel peey ecebep ppa jrcep hunijep *j nytta ]>tep hecebomap ;e piB Juppe able je piB selcepe pul neah. nim pimble pe&y ecebbpencep fpa jepophtep ppa mycel ppa pe Jnnce • bo piB Jnppum ablum paebic on p peap pxy bpmcep l88t beo nihtepne on • syle )>onne on mopjenne J>am peocum men • neahtnefn- jum pane psebic fpa jefeapne to Jncjanne fpa he fpyBufc meeje • *j f fu J?anne laepe pe&y seapep pyBBan pe peebic ope* py • jeot hat peeteji on syle bpmcan j>am seocum men to pylle. Rnb }?onne ^mbe anep baejep hpiie fuinje him mon pej>epe on muB oBBe pmjep nebe hme to fpipanne. nim ept elep anne beel* peapmep psetepep tpejan* pealtep tpejan cucelep 8 pulle men; tojsebepe pyle to bpincanne ceac pulne *j ]?anne fuinje pmjep on muB baebe to fpi- panne • laet J>anne fpipan on pane ylcan ceac pe he £ep 6p bpanc jefceapa J?onne hpaeBep pe 4 spipBa py ppa micel ppa he mp jebpanc • jip he mapa py tyla hi)’ ppa • jip he emmicel pi J?ane 5 pe he »p jebpanc p^le ept on Ba llcan pipan oBJ>ffit he ma fpipe j>anne he jebpmce • Jns pceal fpij?uft piB blsebpan able *j pd&m fuanum pe on bleebbpan p^n. pi B )>8epe healpbeaban [able] • Nim p psetep pe pyopan ppepan on jepobene opep pilleba pyle bpmcan fpiBe ponne pecB 6 p J?one mnoB *j clsenpaB. Ept pyn- 1 ftnyle, MS. 2 Bead ojr, for o>e. 3 Read cuclepaj*. * On this form, see St Marharete, p. 84. 5 Read >am. a Perhaps washtth. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 287 « 13. Take of vinegar, one part ; of honey, well cleansed, two parts; of water, the fourth part; then seethe down to the third or fourth part of the liquid, and skim the foam and the refuse off continually, till the mixture be fully sodden. If thou wish to work the drink stronger, then put as much of the vinegar as of the honey, and use the leechdom either for this disorder, or for full nigh any one. Take always of the acid drink, so wrought, as much as may seem good to thee. For these disorders put a radish into the liquor of the drink ; let it be in it for the space of a night ; then give in the morning to the sick man, after his nights fast, the radish so liquored to eat, as he best may; and then, when the radish is gone, pour thou hot water on the remains of the liquor ; give it to the sick man to drink to the fulL And then, after about a days space, let some one poke a feather into his mouth, or a finger; let him compel him to spew. Again, take of oil, one part ; of warm water, two ; of salt, two spoons full ; mingle them together ; give to drink a jug full, and then poke a finger into his mouth ; bid him spew ; let him spew into the same jug from which he before drank; then examine whether the vomit be as much as he ere drank. If it be more, tend him then; if it be just as much as he before drank, give him again in the same wise, till he spew more than he drank before. This must be applied chiefly for disease of bladder, and for the stones which are in the bladder. 14. For the half dead [disease]. Take the water on which peas were sodden, and overboiled ; give it the man to drink. That strongly waketh up and cleanseth Book II. Ch. lix. Digitized by 288 LMCE BOC. fol. 105 a. • selcum ? fol. 105 b. pullan leap on ptn jejntben p claenpaS jiane innaS. Pi8 }>an ilcan ept • ellenep blopman jenim jejnib «j jemenje pi8 hum j jebo on box • *j ]xmne pe&yiy pi jemm bollan pulne hluttpep jefpettep ptnep jemenje pi8 p *j apeohhe pyle bpmcan. ]?i8 pan ilcan betan mib hipe pyptpuman peo8 on paetepe butan pealte • pyle J>onne psay paetepep bollan pulne to jebpincanne. ********* .LXIV. ********* pte oJ?epne healpne pemnj jepeje jejnib fpij?e fmale bo Jxmne on hluttop aej *j pele ]>am men to fup- anne • hio ip fpij^e job eac on pay pifan pi8 hpoftan «j yip fppmje bo pay pypte on he hip pona hal. Jjip ip balzaman fmypinj pij) eallum untpumneppum pe on mannep lichoman bij> • y\p peppe • *j pij? pcinlace *j prS eallum jebpolpmje. Gal fpa pame ye petpa oleum he xy job ^pealb to bpmcanne pi8 innan tiebepneppe *j utan to fmeppanne on pintpep baeje pop pon pe he haep8 fpi8e micle haete pop 8y hme mon fceal bpmcan on pintpa • he ip job jip hpam feo fppaec o]?pyl5 mme J?onne eallum mno8 tybepneppum • *j pe man fe pe hme fpa bejaej? fpa hit hep on pej8 jxmne maej he him miclum jelielpan. To pam baeje pe lie pille hme bpmcan he fceal paeftan op mibne baej *j ne laete hme pinb beblapan py baeje • ja him Jxmne on Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 289 the inwards. Again, leaves of houseleek bruised in Book n. wine; that cleanseth the inwards. For the same again; Ux * take blossoms of elder, and rub them, and mix them with honey, and put them in a box, and when need be, take a bowl full of clear sweetened wine, mingle with that and strain : administer. For the same ; seethe beet with its roots in water without salt ; then administer a bowl full of the water to drink. ********* Ixiv. Patriarch Helias sends ********* these to King Alfred. so much as may weigh a penny and a half, rub very small, then add the white of an egg, and give it to the man to sip. It (bdlmm) is also very good in this wise for cough and for carbuncle, apply this wort, soon shall the man be hole. This is smearing with balsam for all infirmities which are on a mans body, against fever, and against apparitions, and against all delusions. Similarly also petroleum is good to drink simple for inward tenderness, and to smear on outwardly on a winters day, since it hath very much heat; hence one shall drink it in winter : and it is good if for anyone his speech faileth, then let him take it, and make the mark of Christ under his tongue, and swallow a little of it. Also if a man become out of his wits, then let him take part of it, and make Christs mark on every limb, except the cross upon the forehead, that shall be of balsam, and the other also on the top of his head. Triacle (Sijgiaxov) is a good drink for all in- ward tendernesses, and the man, who so behaveth him- self as is here said, he may much help himself. On the day on which he will drink triacle, he shall fast until midday, and not let wind blow on him that day : then let him go to the bath, let him sit there VOL. II. T Digitized by Google 290 LMCE BOC. fol 106 a. bsep pitte J?sep on o 3 ^ he fpaete • mme )?onne ane cuppan bo an lytel peapmep paetpep on innan mme ]>onne ane lytle pnaeb paep typiacan *j jemenje 1 pi]? p p&tep *j peoh ]?uph J?ynne hpaejl bpince J?onne • ^ ja him ]?onne to hip pefte *j beppeo hine peapme • *j licje fpa oj? he pel fpaete • apipe }?onne *j fitrce him tip *j fcippe hine *j J?icje pij?]?an hip mete to nonef *j beopje him jeopne pi)? ]?one pinb J?aep baejep • J?onne jelype ic to jobe p hit ]?am men miclum jehelpe. Se hpita ftan msej pi]? ftice pi]? pleojenbum attpe* *j pi]? eallum uncu]?um bpocum • J?u pcealt hine fcapan on psBtep *j bpmcan tela micel *j ]?aepe peaban eop]?an bael pcape Jnep to ]?a ftanaf fmt ealle fpi8e jobe op to bpincanne pi]? eallum uncu]?licu J?mj • 2 J)onne p pyp op ]?am fcane aplejen hit ip job pi$ hjetta • prS ]?unoppaba pi8 aelcep cynnef jebpol {?mj • *j jip mon on hif peje bi]? jebpolob plea him anne fpeapcan bepopan bi]> he pona on pihtan. J?ip eal het }?up pecjean aelppebe cynmje bomne heliap patpiapcha on jepupalem. . LXV. Qip hopf opfcoten pie • Nim ]?onne p peax ]?e J?aet haepte fie pealo hpy]?epef hopn pien . hi. sepene naejlaf on • Ppit ]?onne fam hoppe on ]?am heapbe popan cpiftep msel on leo]?a jehpilcum ]?e ]?u setpeo- lan maeje • Nim J?onne p pineftpe eape ]?uph ftmj fpijenbe • ]?ip ]?u pcealt bon • jenim ane jipbe pleah on p base }?onne bij? p hopp hal* appit on J?aep peaxep hopne ]?ap popb • benebicite omnia opepa bomim bommurn. Sy p ylpa pe him fie ]?ip him ma?j to bote, pip utpsepce bpembel pe pien bejen enbaf 1 After gemenge, MS. has pe pi>. | 2 Read ealle. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 291 till he sweat; then let him take a cup, and put a little warm water in it, then let him take a little bit of the triacle, and mingle with the water, and drain through some thin raiment, then drink it, and let him then go to his bed and wrap himself up warm, and so lie till he sweat well; then let him arise and sit up and clothe himself, and then take his meat at noon, three hours past midday , and protect himself earnestly against the wind that day : then, I believe to God, that it may help the man much. The white stone is powerful against stitch, and against flying venom, and against all strange calamities : thou shalt shave it into water and drink a good mickle , and shave thereto a portion of the red earth, and the stones are all very good to drink of, against all strange uncouth things. When the fire is struck out of the stone, it is good against lightenings and against thunders, and against delusion of eveiy kind : and if a man in his way is gone astray, let him strike himself a spark before him, he will soon be in the right way. All this Dominus Helias, patriarch at Jerusalem, ordered one to say to king Alfred. lxv. If a horse is elf shot , 1 then take the knife of which the haft is horn of a fallow ox, and on which are three brass nails, then write upon the horses forehead Christs mark, and on each of the limbs which thou may feel at : then take the left ear, prick a hole in it in silence ; this thou shalt do; then take a yerd, strike the horse on the back, then will it be hole. And write upon the horn of the knife these words, “ Benedicite omnia opera domini, dominum.” Be the elf 2 what it may, this is mighty for him to amends. Against dysentery, a 1 Elf shot in the Scottish phrase. I partitive, as Hpilc hselefta, what 2 The construction as in Ic hit I hero . eom, I cm he ; combined with the I T 2 BookIL Ch. lxiv. Digitized by Google 292 LMCE BOC. fol. 106 b. fol. 107 a. on eopJ>an • jemm J^one neopjian pypttpuman help fip pyvc nijon fponaf on pa, pmftpan hanb pinj )?pipa miSepepe mei beup • *j nijon fijmm patep noptep • jemm J>onne mucjpypt • *j ep elaftan • pyl pa,y }?peo 1 on meolcum op p hy peabian fupe ]>onne on neaht neptij jobe blebe pulle hpile aep he o)>epne mete ]?icje • pefte hme popte • *j ppeo hme peapme • jip ma ]>eapp fie bo ept fpa • jip )m J?onne jit jrnppe bo ]?pibban ppe ne peaypc pu optop. £ip utjanj popfeten fie jemm 31$- copnep leapa jobe hanb pulle pa, pupan pejbpaeban nio)?opeapbe • boccan pa, pe fpimman pille • pyl J?ap ]?peo on ealbum ealaft fppe *j bo pealte butepan on pylle piece last bpmcan jobe blebe pulle hpile aep olSpum mete *j ppeoh hme peapme • *j pefte ftille bo Jmp J?pipa ne ]?eapp opto^. yip lunjen able laecebom bun fcaehte • paluie • pube be healpan )?8epe paluian • pepep pujian emmicel J?apa tpejea pypta J^aepe paluian J?peo fpelc bpeopje bpoftlan hiepe pe nu 2 ealpa pypta pypmept on pa, pealpe pe him Jnpep laecebomep J?eapp fie healbe hine geopne pij> jefpet eala bpmce hluttop eala *j on p&y hluttpan ealaS pypte pylle jeonje acpinbe *j bpmce. yip fitpsepce jemm unfinepigne healpne cyfe bo enjhpcep humjep . in. foaeba to • pylle on pannan op p hit bpumje • jemm ponne jeonjpe acpmbe hanb pulle fpa fpijenbe aet ham jebprnj naeppe in on J>one mon pceape p jpene on utan pylle pa, faep fpone on cu meolce jefpete mib J>pim fnaebum hunijef J?one bpenc Jncje J?onne mib 8y cype aeptep bpence .VII. mht eala popja *j meoloc jncje unfupe. yip unlybbum fupe cu butepan .vim. 1 Two herbs are named : the chips are third. 2 These words are scarcely with- out error. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 293 bramble of which both ends are in the earth; 1 take the newer root, delve it up, cut up nine chips into the left hand, and sing three times the Miserere mei, deus, and nine times the pater noster; then take mugwort and everlasting, boil these three, the worts and the chips, in milk till they get red, then let the man sip at night fasting a good dish full, some while before he taketh other meat ; let him rest himself soft, and wrap himself up warm; if more need be, let him do so again : if thou still need, do it a third time, thou wilt not need oftener. If the faecal discharge be lodged, take of the leaves of githcom a good hand full, and the nether part of the rough waybroad, and the dock which will swim ; boil these three in old ale thoroughly and add salt butter, boil it thick, let the mom drink a good dish full a while before other meat, and let him wrap himself up warm, and let him rest quiet; do this thrice, no need to do it oftener. 2. For lung disease, a leechdom ; Dun taught it ; sage, rue, half as much as of the sage ; feverfue as much as of the two worts ; of pennyroyal three times as much as of the sage ; take thee of it of all worts foremost to put into the salve. Let the mom, who hath need of this leechdom, withhold him- self earnestly from sweetened ale, let him drink clear ale, and in the wort of the clear ale let him boil young oak rind, and drink. For dysentery, take an ungreasy half cheese, * and four parts of English honey, boil in a pan until it browneth, then take a hand full of young oak rind, and so in silence bring it home, and never bring it in to the mans presence, shave off the green outside the house, boil the sappy chips in cows milk, sweeten it with three parts of honey, let the man take the drink with the cheese, afterwards let him drink : for seven days let him fore- go ale and take milk not tu/med sour. For poisons; let him sip cows butter for nine mornings, for three, 1 Frequently seen : spontaneous propagation BookH. Ch. Ixy. Digitized by Google 294 LMCE BOG. mopgnap . ill. popan . vm. mopjnap ceppillan jemethce on pine Jqubba bsel psetpef mme Jjonne hpephpettan mojjopeapbe jmb on pylifc 1 ealo fpete mib hunige bpince J>sepe teoJ?an mht • to mete J?one bpenc on J?peo Jucje set J?am J?pim honcpebum. pip J?8epe jeolpan able* jenim moj^opeapbe eolenan jebo p pn hsebbe on J?am popman bseje J?onne Jm hipe sepefu bpuce on mopjen mm J?peo fnseba *j ]?peo on mht hipe pculon beon on hunij jefnseb • *j py septepan mepjen . iiil fiiseba *j nn. on mht • J?pibban mep- jen .Y. fnseba *j . V. on mht* py peopJ?an mepjen. .VI. VI. on mht. pey bpenc pceal yip J>on ilcan. jemm alexanbpian *j jpunbefpeljean cnua fmale bo to bpence on hluttpum eala'S. gip men fie pseplicc ypele pypce . III. cpiftep msel an on pvejie tunjan opey on J?am heapbe • jjpibbe on pam bpeofuum pona bi5 pel To jehealbanne hchoman hselo mib bpihtnep gebebe • j?ip ip aej?ele laecebom • gemm myppan *j gegmb on ptn fpilce fie tela micel fteap pul *j Jucge on mht neptij • fol. 107. b. *j ept ponne peftan pille p jehealbeJ? punbophce licho- man hselo Mt eac beah yip peonbep cofuunjtim yplum. , J>onne ip ept pe sepelefta lsecebom to ]>on ilcan • jenim myppan *j hpit pecelp *j fapinan • *j faluiam • *j pupinan *j • paay pecelpep *j myppan fy msept • *j pa, opye fyn apegene paya fien empela • setfomne on moptepe jegmbe to bufee pette unbep peopob jjonne cpifcep tib fie •j jefinje mon .III. mseppan opep pa, .iil bagaf on mibne pmtep *j set ftepanep tibe *j See Iohannep euanje- lifta pa pyy bajap picje on pme on neaht; neptij •j p J?sep to lape fie pa ep buftep hapa «j gehealb; hit 1 pyiicf, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 295 soap, for eight mornings of chervil, a moderate quantity, in wine, a third part also of water ; then let him take the netherward part of cucumber, rub it up into foreign ale, sweeten with honey, let the mam, drink that the tenth night, for meat let him take the drink at three times at the three cock crowings. 3. For the yellow disease ; take the netherward part of helenium, contrive that thou mayest have it on the previous day ; when first thou usest it, take three pieces in the morning and three at night, and they shall be bits of it sliced into honey; and the second morning four pieces, and four at night; and the third morning five pieces, and five at night ; and the fourth morning six, and six at night. The following drink shall avail for the same; take alexanders and ground- sel, pound them small, and form them into a potion in clear ale. If a man have sudden ailments, make three marks of Christ, one on the tongue, the second on the head, the third upon the breast, soon he will be well. To keep the body in health with prayer to the Lord : this is a noble leechdom : take myrrh and rub it into wine, so much as may be a good stoup full, and let the man take it at night fasting, and again when he will rest ; that wonderfully upholdeth the health of the body, and it also is efficacious against the evil temptings of the fiend. 4. This is the noblest leechdom for the same; take myrrh and white frankincense, and savine and sage, and dyeweed, and of the frankincense and of the myrrh let there be most, and let the others be weighed, of them let there be equal quantities ; and have them rubbed to dust together in a mortar, have them set under the altar, when it is Christmas tide, and let one sing three masses over them, for three days in mid- winter, and at St. Stephens tide, and St. John the evangelists day, and for those three days let the mam, take the leechdom in wine at night fasting, and what there is left of the dust hold and keep ; it is power- Digitized by Bookn. Ch. lxv. Google 296 LMCE BOG. mse; pip eallum psep 1 untpymneppum • je pip peppe je pip lencten able je pip atpe • je yip ypelpe lypfce. geppitu eac pecjeap pe pe pone lsecebom beja p he hine mseje jehealban .xn. monap yip ealpa untpym- neppa ppeceneppe. J>onne ept prS jicpan p eal pe lichoma py clanep toper jlabep *j beophtep- jemm ele *j ealbej* pinep bpseptan empela bo on moptepe jemenj pel to fomne *j finipe mi b py pone lichoman on funnan. Pi'S selpe •j pip uncupum fibpan 8 ;mb myppan on pin hpitep pecelpep em micel • *j pceap jajatep bsel psep fcanep fbl. 108 a. on p pin bpince . iil mopjenap neaht neptij oppe . yuiL oppe . xn. pip lonb able pyl pepmob fpa bpijne fpa jpenne fpa pep he hsebbe on oleo [inpipmopum ] 3 op p psep elep fie ppibban bsel bepylleb *j fmipe mib pone lichoman ealne set pype • -j mseppe ppeoffe pceal bon pone lsecebom jip man hsepp. pip ;on;el pseppan bite finit on ipen fpat. pip ntpihte mep jeallan • blsec fnejl pyl on meolcum pfip on aepenne *j on mopjenne. Reapob pealp muppe alpe libania ealpa jehce pela men; pip eceb finipe mib p heapob. pip pon llcan fpepl *j fpejlep seppel muppe • *j sejhpilcep cynnep pecelf mjon pypta enjlifce • polleie • bpem- bel • seppel • elehtpe • bipceop pypt • pinul • pupe pej- bpsebe • hapan fppecel • fio hape pypt • hp pypt • ealpa pippa empela • oleum [inpipmopum] • 8 hah; paetep • hah; pealt • opep ele • fmipe pe mib pyp upan ponne pu to jmbe. .Lxvi. Cf. Marbodaus. Be pam ftane pe jajatep hatte ip pseb p he .yni. msejen hsebbe. An ip ponne punoppab top ne peeped 1 Read pejilicum. | * The letters have been paled 3 Perhaps miswritten. | away purposely. Digitized by Google LjffcCH BOOK. II. 297 fill against all dangerous infirmities, either against fever, or against typhus, or against poison, or against evil air. Writings also say, that he who employs the leechdom is able to preserve himself for twelve months against peril of all infirmities. 5. Then again, against itch, and that all the body may be of a clean, and glad, and bright hue : take oil and dregs of old wine, equally much, put them into a mortar, mingle well together, and smear the body with this in the sun. Against an elf and against a strange visitor, 1 * rub myrrh in wine and as mickle of white frankincense, and shave off a part of the stone called agate into the wine, let him drink this for three morn- ings after his nights fast, or for nine, or for twelve. For land disease or nostalgia , boil wormwood so dry (or) so green, as he hath there, in oleum infirm orum, the oil of extreme unction, till a third part of the oil is boiled away, and smear all the body at the fire with it, and a mass priest shall perform the leechdom, if a man hath means to get one. For a bite of gang- weaving spider, smudge hydromel 8 on iron. For dia- rhoea, boil in milk horse gall and black snail, sip in the morning and evening. A head salve ; myrrh and aloes, and libanum or frankincense, of all a like quan- tity, mingle with vinegar, smear the head therewith. For the same; sulfur and swails apple, myrrh and frankincense of every sort; nine English worts, pule- giurn, bramble, apple, lupin, bishopwort, fennel, rough waybroad, vipers bugloss, the hoar wort, lithewort, of all these equal quantities ; oil of unction, holy water, holy salt, 5 common oil, smear thyself* with this up- wards on the head , when thou hast rubbed them. lxvi. Of the stone which hight agate. It is said that it hath eight virtues. One is when there is thunder, it 1 Interpreted by Herbarium cxi. 3. I * Salt which has had the formula * Perhaps Sweat . | of benediction pronounced over it. Digitized by BookH. Ch. lxv. Google 298 LACE BOC. fol. 108 b. bimitte. fol. 109 a. pam men pe pone fran mib him haep$. Opep maejen ip on fpa hpilcum hufe fpa he bij> ne maej paep mne peonb pefan. ]?pibbe maejen ip p nan attop pam men ne maej pceppan pe pone fran mib him hapap. Feoppe maejen ip p fe man pe pe pone lapan peonb on him beajollice haepp jip he paep ftanep jepceapenep hpilcne bael on paetan onpehft ponne bip pona fpeotol aeteopob on him p aep beajol ma'S. Fipte maejen if pe pe aenijpe able jebpeht bip jip he pone fean on paetan pijep him bip pona pel. Syxte maejen if p bjiycpaept pam men ne bepep pe pe hine mib him haepb. Seopope maBjen if p pe pe pone fran on bpmce onpehS he haepp pe fmeppan lichoman. Gahtope ip paep franep maBjen p nan naebpan cynnep bite pam pceppan ne mmj pe pone fran on paetan bypijp. LXVII. Punb elep jepihS .xn. penejum lmppe ponne punb paetpef • punb ealob jepihfi . yi. penejum mape ponne punb paetpef • «j . i. punb pmep jepihS . xv. penejum mape ponne . I. punb paetpef • *j punb hunijep jepihb . xxxiiii. penejum mape ponne punb paetpep • . I. punb butepan jepihS • lxxx. penejum laeppe ponne punb paetpep • *j punb beopef jepihB . xxii. penejum laeppe ponne punb paetpep • I. punb melopep jepihft . cxv. penejum laeppe ponne punb paetpep • *j I. punb beana jepihS . lv. penejum laeppe ponne punb paetpef • xv. punb 1 paetpef jap to peptpe :• balb habet hunc 2 libpum cilb quern confcpibepe lufpit; Ktc ppecop appibue cunctif m nomine cpipti • Quo 3 nullup tollat Mine libpum peppibuf a me • Nec ui nec pupto nec quobam pamme palpo • Cup quia 4 nulla mihi tarn capa eSt optima jaza* Quam capi hbpi quop cpipti jpatia comit. 1 An error, read yntj'an, ounces. 3 Read Qnod. 2 hunb, MS. 4 Read as Cor ? Quia. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II. 299 doth not scathe the man who hath this stone with him. Another virtue is, on whatsoever house it is, therein a fiend perhaps enemy may not be. The third virtue is, that no venom may scathe the man who hath the stone with him. The fourth virtue is, that the man, who hath on him secretly the loathly fiend, if he taketh in liquid any portion of the shavings of this stone, then soon is exhibited manifestly in him, that which before secretly lay hid. The fifth virtue is, he who is afflicted with any disease, if he taketh the stone in liquid, it is soon well with him. The sixth virtue is, that sor- cery hurteth not the man, who has the stone with him. The seventh virtue is, that he who taketh the stone in drink, will have so much the smoother body. The eighth virtue of the stone is, that no bite of any kind of snake may scathe him who tasteth the stone in liquid. lxvii. A pint of oil weigheth twelve pennies 1 less than a pint of water ; and a pint of ale weigheth six pennies more than a pint of water ; and a pint of wine weigh- eth fifteen pennies more than a pint of water; and a pint of honey weigheth thirty-four pennies more than a pint of water ; and a pint of butter weigheth eighty pennies less than a pint of water ; and a pint of beer weigheth twenty-two pennies less than a pint of water ; and a pint of meal weigheth 115 pennies less than a pint of water; and a pint of beans weigheth fifty-five pennies less than a pint of water; and fifteen ounces of water go to .the sextarius. 2 1 This is the Saxon silver penny 2 “ Sextarius medicinalis habet of twenty-four grains, our penny- “ uncias decern.’’ Plin.Valer.Pref. weight. Book II. Ch. lxvi. Digitized by Google 300 LJSCE BOC. [Book III.] P* heapob ece • pi]? ealbum heapob ece • *j pij? liealpep heapbep ece. II. pi}? afpollenum eajum *j job eah pealp • *j pi8 mifue on eajan *j prS pile • *j pi8 pyp- mum on eajum *j yip J?aem jip plaepc on eajum peaxe • •j jip on eajum peaxan peabe fponje • *j jip eajan typen *j pceabe pealp to eajum • *j fmej?e eah pealp. .HI. pip eappaepce *j yip J?aem jip pypmaf jyn on eapan *j job eap pealp. mi. pip top ece *j jip tep fyn hole. .v. pi]? mnan tobpocenum mu8e ,vi. pip ceoc able *j pij? ceol paepce. vn. pip healp paepce. vm. pip bite. Yim. pi]? hpoftan. x. pip }?am pe mon blobe hpgece. xi. pip peonbum jeallan. xn. pip }?aepe jeolpan able. xm. pip bpeoft paepce. xim. pip hpoftan • *j yip lunjen able. xy. pip majan paepce *j pi]? a|?unbeneppe. xvi. ]?i8 milt paepce. fol. 109 b. . xvii. pi]? lmben paepce. xvm. pip pambe paepce pypel paepce. xvmi. pi]? blaebbep paepce. .XX. pip ]?am jip man ne maeje jemijan *j ]?am men pe ftanaf peaxan on J?aepe blaebpan. xxi. pip ]?am Jip men fie fe utjanj popfeten. xxii. J7iJ? utpilit able bpenc *j bpip. xxm. pip J?am pypmum J?e beo]? on mannep mnoJ?e. xxmi. pip IrS paepce. xxv. pi}? peaptum. xxvi. ]?i8 ]?am mi clan lice fmipinj *j bae]? •j bpenc *j bpip. xxvii. pip finjalum ]?upfte un- tpumpa manna, xxvm. pip mnan poptoje *j fmael J?eapma ece. xxvmi. pi]? )?am pe man lie mib pype anum popbaepneb *j yip ]?am pe man fie mib paetan po^baepneb • *j yip funbpyne. xxx. pi}? peoye bpenc a Head >eopew *j ept pi]? }?ae pe a *j fceotenbum penne *j ept be]?inj pi)? J?am jip peoy jepumje on anpe ftope. xxxi. pi)? penne pealp. xxxn. pij? bolje pealp. xxxm. pi)? )?am Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 301 Book III. 1. For head ache, and for old head ache, and for ache of half the head, commonly called megrim. 2. For swollen eyes, and a good eye salve, and for mist in the eyes, and against white speck, and against worms in the eyes, and in case flesh wax upon the eyes, and if red sponges wax on the eyes, and if the eyes are bleared, and a salve for obscure vision of the eyes, and a smooth eye salve. 3. For pain of ear, and in case worms are in the ears, and a good ear salve. 4. For tooth ache, and if the teeth are hollow. 5. For a mouth broken out within. 6. For cheek or jaw disease, and for pain in the jowl. 7. Against neck pain. 8. Against cancer. 9. For cough. 10. In case a man hreak up blood. 11. For flowing gall. 12. For the yellow disease or jaundice. 13. For breast pain. 14. For cough and for lung disease. 15. For pain in the maw or stomach , and distention. 16. For pain of spleen. 17. For loin pain. 18. For wamb or belly pain, and for pain in the fat about the belly, where the Tddneys are lodged . 19. For bladder pain. 20. In case a man may not mie, and for the man in whose bladder stones wax. 21. For the case where a mans fecal discharge is ob- structed. 22. For diarrhoea, a drink and a brewit. 23. For the worms which be in a mans inwards. 24. For joint pain. 25. For warts. 26. For leprosy or elephan- tiasis, a smearing, and a bath and a drink, and a brewit. 27. For the constant thirst of men out of health. 28. For gripe and ache of small guts. 29. In case a man be burnt with fire only, and in case a man is burnt with liquid, and for sun burning. 30. A drink against the “dry” disease, and again for that, and for a shooting wen, with shooting pai/ns, and again a fomentation for it, if the “dry” disease remain in one place. 31. A salve for a wen. 32. A salve for a wen. 33. In case a man be wounded in Book IXL Contents. Digitized by Google 302 LjECE bog. jip man fie upan on heapob punb *j fie ban jebpocen *j pip pam jip fio eaxl upftije job bolh bpenc •j jip jebpocen ban fie on heapbe *j op nelle. xxxmi. Pip hunbep plite *j pip pon jip pmpe popcoppene ‘j pip fol. no a. pam jip finpe fien jefcpuncene. xxxv. J 7 iJ? jonge- pippan bite, xxxyi. Jhp cancpe. xxxvil. Jkp pam pe pip ne mseje beapn acennan *j jip op pipe nelle 5 an SBptep pam beopppe p gecynbelic fie • *j jip op 1 pipe fie beab beapn* *j pip pam jip pip blebe to fpipe septep pam beopppe. xxxvm. pip pam pe pipum fie popftan- ben hipa monaS gecynb *j pip pam jip pipe to fpipe opplope fio monop gecynb. xxxviiii. pip fmeagea pypme finipmg anlegen* *j bepmg *j pealp. XL. pip pam pe man fie monap fe6c. [xli.] 2 pip ealle peonbep coftunga bpenc *j pealp. pip pon llcan *j hu man pcyle gepitfeocne man lacman* hu mon pcyle pypcean fpipbpenc utypnenbum. xlil pip pam gip fpipbpenc on men gefittan 3 he nelle utgan. XLin. pip attpep bpence. [xliiii.] 4 pip lupum. xlv. pip pam gip popn fcmge mon on pot o88e hpeob ponne nelle opgan. XL Vi. pip aepmaelum *j pip eallum eagna psepce. xlyii. pip lypt able gip fe mup fie poh oppe pon hecebom *j beptng bsep pealp leah ‘j blobep lsep. XLvni. pip pic able bpenc *j bepmg. XLVini. pip fculbo^ psepce fol. 110 b. *j eapma. L. pip cneopa pape. LI. pip pota pape. LIL pip pam gip pu ne msege blob bolg popppipan. LiiL pip pam gip meoloc fie jepepb. Lmi. pip mht gengean pealp. lv. pip pam gip men beo fio heapob panne gehlenc^b. LVI. P18 pam gip men nelle meltan hip mete. lyii. pip ptp gemseblan. lviii. pip peonbep coftunga. LVim. pip peo^ penne gip he fie men on cneope oppe on oppum lime. lx. be pam hu mon pcyle eap pealpe pypcean. . lxi. pip selp cynne pealp *j pip mht gengan . *j 1 Read on. * xll is omitted in MS. s Read jeficce. 4 *Lim. is omitted in MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 303 the head and bone bq broken, and in case the shoulder rise by dislocation, and a good wound drink, and if a broken bone be in the head and will not gome away. 34. For tear by a hound, and if sinews be cut through, and in case sinews be shrunken. 35. For the bite of the gangwayweaving spider. 36. For cancer. 87. In case a woman may not kindle a child, and if, after the birth, that which is natural will not come away from a woman ; and in case there be a dead bairn in a woman, and in case a woman bleed too much after the birth. 38. In case womens natural catamenia be stopped, and in case the natural catamenia flow too freely. 39. A smearing, and an onlaying, and a fomentation, and a salve against a boring worm. 40. In case a man be a lunatic. 41. A drink and a salve for all temptations of the fiend. For the same, and how one must treat a deranged man; and how a man shall work a spew drink for those that have diarrhoea. 42. In case a strong dose lodge in a man and will not come away. 43. Against a drink of poison. 44. Against lice. 45. In case a thorn, or a reed, prick a man in the foot, and will not be got rid of. 46. Against imminutions and all pain of eyes. 47. Against palsy, if the mouth be awry or livid, a leechdom and a fomentation, and a bath salve, and ley and bloodletting. 48. Drink and fomentation for “fig” dieease. 49. For pain of shoulder blade and arms. 50. For sore of knees. 51. For sore of feet. 52. In case thou be not able to bind up a bloodletting incision. 53. In case milk is turned sour. 54. A salve against night comers, incubi, etc . 55. In case a mans skull is “linked/’ or seems to feel bound round . 66. In case a mans meat will not digest. 57. Against womens prating. 68. Against temptations of the fiend. 59. Against a “dry” wen, if a man hath it on his knee or on another limb. 60. Of this; how a man must work an earsalve. 61. A salve against the elfin race and night goblins, and for the women , Book III. Contents. Digitized by Google 304 LJECE BOC. Jrarn monnum pe beojol mib hsemfi. LXii. J7iJ? selp able lsecebom ept hu mon pceal on J?a pypte pnjan sep hi mon mme *j ept hu mon pceal p& pypta bon unbep peopob *j opep fmjan • *j ept tacnu be pam hpsej>ep hit lie self pojo)?a y tacn hu J>u onjitan meaht hpse]?ep hme mon maej jelacman *j bpencaf *j jebebu pij> selcpe peonbep coftunje. lxiii. Tacnu hu Jm meaht onptan hpaej^ep mon lie on psetep self able* lsecebom pij> )?am *j jealbop on to finjanne ^ p lice mon msej finjan on punba. LXim. JhS beople hj?e bpenc • *j unjemynbe • *j yip beoplef coftunja. lxv. fol. ilia. Jhp Jxm jtp mon fie jejymeb ^ tacnu hyeepey he libban mseje. lxvi. bpenc yip pam jip J?eop fie on men. lxvii. J7iJ> beople feoce *j yip beople. Lxvm. Jhp peben heopte leoht bpenc. LYim. Jhp ]?am 1 pp men fie maja afupob *j po^J?unben • *j yip majan psepce • *j pp man bij> a]?unben. LXX. J?ip pambe psepce • *j yip majan psepce • «j pij> pambe heapbneppe. lxxi. P 18 fppmje fmipmj *j fealp. lxxii. Jhp attpe bpenc *j fmipmj. lxxiii. Jhp paaye jeolpan able. Lxxim. » Jhp J>am jip mnelpe fi ute. lxxy. Jhp selcpe mnan untpymneppe yip hepijneppe *j yip hleopblsece. lxxyi. be J?am hu man fcyle halije pealpe pypcean. . 1 . J)ip pou pe mon on heapob ace • jenim mo]*)- peapbe ppsette bo on peabne ppseb bmbe p heapob mib. Jhp J?on llcan • mm fenepep pseb *j pubun jejmb on ele bo on hat psetep pyeah jelome p heapob on J?am psetpe he bij? hal. J)ip ealbum heapob ece jenim bpeopje » y iK ms. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 305 with whom the devil hath commerce. 62. Against elf disease, a leechdom ; and again, how one must sing upon the worts, ere one take them ; and again, how one must put the worts under the altar, and sing over them ; and again tokens of this, whether it be elf hicket, and tokens how thou mayst understand, whether one may cure the man ; and drinks and prayers against every temptation of the fiend. 63. Tokens how thou mayst understand whether a man be in the water elf disease, and a leechdom for that, and a charm to be sung upon it, and that ilk may be sung over wounds. 64. A lithe or soft drink against the devil, and want of memory, and against temptations of the devil. 65. In case a man be overlooked, and tokens whether he may live. 66. A drink in case the “ dry ” disease be on a man. 67. For the devil sick or demoniac , and against the devil. 68. A light drink against the wild heart. 69. In case a mans maw be soured and dis- tended ; and against pain of the maw, and if a man be inflated. 70. For pain of the wamb, and for pain of the maw, and for hardness of the wamb. 71. Against carbuncle ; an ointment and a salve. 72. A drink and smearing against venom. 73. For the yellow disease, jaundice . 74. In case the bowels be out. 75. For every inward infirmity, and for heaviness, and for cheek blotch. 76. Of this, how a man must make a holy salve. i. In case a man ache in the head ; take the nether- ward part of crosswort, 1 put it on a red fillet, let him bind the head therewith. For that ilk, take seed of mustard and rue, rub into oil, put into hot water, wash the head often in the water, the man will be hale. For an old head ache, take pennyroyal, boil in oil, or VOL. II. 1 Galium initiation. U Digitized by Book III. Contents. Google 30G LJECE BOC. bpofclan pyl on ele o88e on butpan fmipe mib 1 pa punponjan bupan pam eajum on upan p heapob peah him fie jemynb oncypped he bip hal. pip fpipe fol. 111 b. ealbum heapob ece mm pealt *j puban lpij cpop cnua ealle to pomne 2 bo on hunij *j fmipe mib pa, punpan- jan • *j pone hnipel *j upan p heapob. To pon llcan pec lytle ftanaf on fpealpan bpibba majan healb p hie ne hpman eoppan ne psetpe • ne oppum ftanum bepeopa hipa . III. on pon pe pu pille bo on pone mon pe him peapp fie lnm hip pona pel • hi beop jobe yip heapob ece *j yip eajpsepce *j yip peonbep coftunja *j mhtjenjan • *j lencten able mapan *j pyptpopbope • *j malfcpa • yplum jeaJbo^ cpseptum • hit fculon beon micle bpibbap pe pu hie pcealt on pmban • jip mon on healp heapob ace jecnua puban fyipe bo on ftpanj eceb •j fmipe mib p heapob upan pihte. J)ip ponilcan abelp pejbpseban butan ifene sep funnan upjanje bmb pa, mopan ymb p heapob mib ppsete peabe ppsebe pona him bi& pel. .H. afpollenum eajum jemm cucune hpepn 8 abo pa eajan op *j ept cucune jebpmj on psetpe bo pa eajan pam men on fpeopan pe him peapp pie he bij? pona hal. JJypc jobe eajpealpe Nun celeponian *j bipceop pypt • pepmob • pubu mepce • pubu bmbep leap • bo ealpa empela cnupa pel bo on hunij • on pin • *j on sepen pset o88e on cypepen bo tpaebe psep fol. 112 a. pinep • *j ppibban bsel psep hunijep bo p pe pseta maeje puppum opep ypnan pa pypta Iset ftanban .vil. mht *j ppeoh mib bpebe afeoh pupil claenne clap 8one bpenc bo ept on p lice psec nytta fpa pe peapp pie. Se mon 1 The MS. has a stop after mib. I 9 Nearly as Marcellus, col 269 f. * fome, MS. • Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 307 in butter, smear therewith the temples, and over the eyes, and on the top of the head ; though his intellect be deranged, he will be hale. For a very old head ache ; take salt and rue, and a bunch of ivy berries, pound all at once, add honey, and therewith smear the temples, and the forehead, and the top of the head. For that ilk ; seek in the maw of young swallows for some little stones, and mind that they touch neither earth, nor water, nor other stones ; look out three of them ; put them on the man, on whom thou wilt, him who hath the need, he will soon be well They are good for head ache, and for eye wark, and for the fiends temptations, and for night goblin visitors, and for typhus* and for the night mare, and for knot, and for fascination, and for evil enchantments by song. It must be big nestlings on which thou shalt find them. If a man ache in half his head, pound rue thoroughly, put it into strong vinegar, and smear therewith the head, right on the top. For that ilk; delve up way broad without iron, ere the rising of the sun, bind the roots about the head, with crosswort, by a red fillet, soon he will be well. ii. For swollen eyes, take a live crab, put his eyes out, and put him alive again into water, and put the eyes upon the neck of the man, who hath need ; he will soon be well Work a good eye salve thus; take celandine and bishop wort, wormwood, wood marche, leaves of woodbind ; put equal quantities of all, pound them well, put them into honey, and into wine, and into a brazen vessel, or a copper one ; put in of the wine two parts in three, and a third part of the honey, order it so that the liquor may just overrun the worts; let it stand for seven nights, and wrap it up with a piece of stuff ; strain the drink through a clean cloth, put it again into that ilk vessel, use as occasion may be. u 2 Book m. Ch. i. Digitized by Google 308 LMCE BOC. pe him jebef ymb .xxx. mhta poxep jelynbep bael on fa eajan he bif ece hal ; Jip mifs pie pope eajum mm cilbef hlonb *j humjep teap menj copomne bejea empela fnnpe mib pa eajan Innan; 6pt hpepnep jeallan *j leaxep ^ elef *j pelb beon hunij menj to pomne fmipe mib faepe pealpe innan fa eajan ; Pif pile jebsepneb peals *j fpejlep aeppel *j attpum ealpa empela jmb to bufte -j bo on fa eajan fpeali leohtlice mib pylle paetpe *j fmipe septep mib pipep meolce ; £ip pyjimap fien on eajum pceappa fa bpaepap mnan bo on fa pceappan celefoman peap • fa pypmaf biof beabe *j fa eajan hale, gip plaepc on eajum peaxe ppm; pypm pypte on fa eajan of f him pel pie. gip on eajan peaxen peabe fponje bpype on hat culppan blob ofpe fpealpan o53e pipep meoluc of p fa fponje apej pynb. j£ip eajan typen mm bpije puban -j humjep teap inenj tofomne liet ftanban ,m. mht fol. 112 b. appinj fupli picne cla? hnenne *j bo on fa eajan piffan. Pypc jobe bpije fcabe fealpe mm fpejlep seppel *j jebaepneb pealt *j pipo^ *j attpfim -j lipit cpubu jejmb to bufte apipt fuph cla8 bo lytlum on. 6pt hpit cpubu *j jebsepneb oftep pcyl jmb to bufte •j nytta fpa fe feapp fie sejfep msej abon phe op eajan. Pypc fmefe eajpealpe mm butepan pyl on pannan apleot f pam op *j ahlyttpe fa butepan on blebe bo eft f hluttpe on pannan jecnua celefoman Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 309 The man who putteth upon his eyes for about thirty nights, part of the suet of a fox, he will be for ever healthy. 2. If there be a mist before the eyes, take a childs urine and virgin honey, mingle together of both equal quantities, smear the eyes therewith on the inside. 3. Again, mingle together a crabs gall, 1 and a sal- mons, and an eels, and field bees honey, smear the eyes inwardly with the salve. 4. Against a white spot in the eye; rub to dust burnt salt, and swails apple, and olusatrum, of all equal quantities, rub to dust, and put on the eyes, wash lightly with spring water, smear afterwards with womans milk. 5. If there are worms in the eyes, scarify the lids within, apply to the scarifications the juice of celan- dine ; the worms will be dead and the eyes healthy. If flesh wax on eyes, wring wormwort into the eyes, till they are well. 6. If red sponges wax on the eyes, drop on them hot culvers blood, or swallows, or womans milk, till the sponges be got rid of. If eyes are bleared, take dry rue and virgin honey, mingle together, let it stand for three nights, wring through a thick linen cloth, and afterwards apply to the eyes. Work a good dry salve for dim vision thus : take swails apple, and burnt salt, and pepper, and olusatrum, and mastich ; rub to dust, sift through a cloth, apply by little and little. Again, reduce to dust mastich, and burnt oyster shell, and use as need be ; either hath power to remove white spot from the eyes. Work a smooth eyesalve thus; take butter, boil in a pan, skim the foam off, and purify the butter in a dish; put the clear part again into a pan ; pound celandine 1 “ Corvi marini fel.” Marcellas, col. 277. F. If that passage were in view, this fish would be the mullet, Mugil cefalus : but I follow the passage in Wanley, p. 168 a. H»pepn is another spelling. Book III. Ch. ii. Digitized by Google 310 LMCE BOC. fol. 113 a. *j bifceop pypt • pubu mepce • pyl fpipe apeoh puph cla8 nytta fpa pe peapp fie ; .hi. P*p eaji paepce jenim henne jelynbo ofcep pcylle pete on jleba jepypm hpon bpyp on pa eapan fona beo$ hale ; 6pt celenbpan 1 peap *j pipep meoluc jepypm on pcylle *j bpyp on pa eapan • Jip pypmaf pien on eapan bo belenan peap peapm on pa pypmaf hie beop beabe *j peallafi op pa, eapan hale. Gpt ppmj cupmeallan peap on oppe mapubian o'b'Se pepmob peapmne Sona him bib pel J7ypc jobe eaji pealpe • jenim bajiep jeallan • *j peappef • *j ele ealpa empela laet bpypan peapm on p eape. .mi. P* to)? ece ceop pipop jelome mib pam tojmm him bip pona peL Gpt peoft beolenan mopan on ftpanjum ecebe oppe on pme pete on pone papan top *j hpilum ceope mib py papan tope he brS hal. gip pa, tep fynb hole ceop bopenep 2 mopan mib ecebe on pa healpe. .V. Pip innan tobpocenum muSe mm plfim tpeopep leap pyl on pine *j fpile mib pone mup:- .VI* V rS ceoc able nun pone hpeoppan pe pip mib fpmnab bmb on hip fpeopan mib pyllenan ppsebe *j 1 Head celehenian. 2 bosencj\ with se dotted, and he written above, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 311 and bishopwort, wood marche, boil thoroughly, strain through a cloth; use as need may be. iii. 1. Against earwark; take a hens fat and oyster shells, set them on gledes, warm a little, and drip into the ears, soon they will be hale. Again, warm juice of coriander (celandine rather I) and womans milk in a shell, and drop them into the ears. If worms be in the ears ; apply juice of henbane warm, to the worms, they will be dead and fall off, and the ears will be well. 2. Again, wring juice of centaury upon them, or marrubium, or wormwood warm ; soon they will be welL Work a good earsalve thus: take a boars and a bulls gall, and oil, of all equal quantities, have this dropped warm into the ear. iv. For tooth ache ; chew pepper frequently with the teeth, it will soon be well with them. Again, seethe henbane roots in strong vinegar or in wine, set this into the sore tooth, and at whiles chew with the sore tooth ; it will be well. If the teeth are hollow, chew rosemary roots with vinegar on that part. v. For a mouth troubled with eruption within ; take leaves of plum tree, boil in wine, and swill the mouth therewith. vi. For cheek disease, take the whorl, with which a woman spinneth, bind on the mans neck with a woollen thread, and swill him on the inside with hot Book III. Ch. ii. Digitized by Google 312 LJECE BOC. fpile mnan mib hate gate meolce him bij* pel. pi& ceol paepce abelp pep funnan fipjanje pejbpaeban binb on lit]* fpeopan. Gpt baepn fpealpan to bufte • *j menj pi]> pelbbeon hunij pele him etan jelome. .VII. J)ip healp psepce pyl neoJ?epeapbe netelan on oxan iineppe *j on butepan J?onne 1 ]?one healfpsepc fnnpe 8a ]>eoh • Jip J?a J?eoh paepce fmipe pone healp mib J?aepe pealpe. 6pt pyl mj?epeapbe netelan on ecebe bo oxan jeallan on p eceb *j J?a pypte op fmipe mib }>one healp. .VIII. fol. 113b. ViJ> bite pypc pealpe* mm j?ap pypte papenan -j mejifc mealpan *j attoplaJ?an *j peoj?obenb *j hpephpet- tan *j cluppypt *j fijel hpeoppan • hmb heolo)?an • mucjpypt • pubu pillan • japclipan • ppmtte • lupefnce • majeJ?an • jiJ?copn • pab • pinul • J?epan j?opn • pelpaete • eopopj^pote • cicena mete • bulhpune • pylifc mopu • hnut beamep leap • mep • gcappe • hope • hoc leap • alexanbpe • pica peppica • 2 fe pula pepmob • lio jpeate banpypt • acleap • pejbpaebe • jpunbe fpelje • peab clnepjie • leahtpic • Jmpe ]?ifcel • tapu • heje clipe • clup J?unj • en^lipc mopu • bynije. .VIIII. J)i]> hpofcan pyl mapubian on paetpe jobne bael je- lpet hpon pele bpmcan pcenc pul. 8 Gpt mapubian fpibe pyl on hunije bo hpon butepan on pele .III. fnseba oJ?J>e . mi. etan on neaht neptij bepup fcenc pulne mib peapmep J?mp seppan bpencep. 1 Read honne pi'S J*>ne. a rcenc is masc. Read julne. 1 A 6 top after pea in MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 313 goats milk; it will be well with him. For jowl pain; delve up waybroad before the rising of the sun, bind upon the mans neck. Again, burn a swallow to dust, and mingle him with field bees honey ; give the man Apis silvarum. that to eat frequently. vii. For neck pain ; boil the netherward part of nettle in fat of ox and in butter, then for the bals wark, smear the thighs ; if the thighs be in pain, smear the neck with the salve. Again, boil the netherward part of nettle in vinegar, add ox gall to the vinegar and remove the wort ; smear the neck therewith. viii. For cancer, work a salve; take these worts, savine, and marsh mallow, and attorlothe, and withywind, and cucumber, and clovewort, or ranunculus , and turnsol, hindheal, mugwort, wild chervil, agrimony, crosswort, lovage, maythe, githcom, woad, fennel, tufty thorn, wildoat, everthroat, chickenmeat, pellitory, carot, leaves of the nut tree, nepeta cattaria , yarrow, hove, hollyhock, alexanders, vinca pervinca, or periwinkle, the foul wormwood, the great bonewort, oak leaves, waybroad, groundsel, red clover, lettuce, tufty thistle, tar, hedge clivers, doffing, wild parsnip, * * * * ix. For host or cough ; boil marrubium in water, a good deal of it , sweeten a little, give the man to drink a cup full. Again, boil marrubium strongly in honey, add a little butter, give three or four bits for the man to eat ; at night fasting let him sup up a cup full of the former drink warm therewith. Digitized by Google 314 LuECE BOC. fol. 114 a. fol. 114 b. .X. ViJ? Jxm pe mon blobe hpaece *j fpipe • jentm job bepen mela • *j hpit pealt bo on peam oppe jobe plete hpep od blebe oj? p lnr fie jncce fpa pynne bpip pele etan .vim. pnaeba .yiiil mopjenaf on 1 neaht nefcij • bo melupej* tpaebe *j pa ep pealtef J?pibban bsel pypc aelce baeje mpne. .XI. J)ip feonbum jeallan ete paebic *j pipo^ on neaht neptij • *j apylleb linpaeb on meolce fupe mib 8 bo Jmp jelome him hip pona pel. .XII. Vrb J?aepe jeolpan able fio cymb op feonbum jeallan jemm paey pceappan Jnftlep mopan *j betonican • *j at- toplaJ?an hanb pulle • *j jyJ?pipan hanb pulle *j .yiiil fnaeba nioJ?opeapbe aepcj?potan op jeot mib fcpanjan beope • oppe mib ftpanjum ealab *j bpmce jelome pele him etan jepyptobne henpujel *j jepobenne capel on jobum bpobe bo jmp jelome him hip fona pel. Pype jobne buft bpenc pij? J^sepe jeolpan able • mm mepcep pseb • «j pmolep paeb • bile paeb • eopopj^totan faeb • pelbmopan f®b • paej^epian paeb • petoppilian paeb • alexanbpan faeb lupefticep paeb • betonican faeb • caulep paeb • coftep paeb • cymenep paeb • pipopep maept }?apa obeppa empela jejnib ealle pel to bufte mm J?aep bulfcep jobne cuclep pulne bo on ftpanj hluttop eala bpmce fcenc pulne on neaht neptij • he ip job pij? aelcpe hman untpumneppe *j yip heapob ece yip un- 1 Unless mojigenaf, morrows , can be taken in the sense of successive days, on must be omitted. Observe, a new page begins. - In margin hcpto. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 315 X. In case a man hreak up and spew blood ; take good barley meal, and white salt, put it into cream or good skimmings, agitate in a dish, till it be as thick as thin brewit, give the mom, to eat, nine doses for nine mornings after his nights fest : apply of the meal two parts in three, and of the salt a third part ; prepare it every day new. id. For bile straining out; let the patient eat radish and pepper at night fasting, and let him sup besides linseed boiled in milk ; do this frequently ; it will soon be well with him. xii. 1. For the yellow disease, jaundice, which cometh of effusion of bile ; take roots of the sharp thistle, and betony, and a handful of attorlothe, and a handful of githrife, and (nine bits of the netherward part of ash- throat, pour "them over with strong beer, or with strong ale, and let him drink this frequently : give him to eat a pullet dressed with herbs, and colewort sodden in good broth ; do this frequently, soon it will be well with him. 2. Work thus a good dust drink for the yellow disease. Take seed of marche, and seed of fennel, seed of dill, seed of everthroat, seed of fieldmore, seed of satureia, sa/vory, seed of parsley, seed of alexanders, seed of lovage, seed of betony, seed of colewort, seed of costmary, ’seed of cummin, and of pepper most, of the others equal quantities ; rub all well to dust, take a good spoon full of the dust, put it into strong dear ale, let the man drink a cup full at night fasting. This drink is also good for every ailment of limb, and for head ache, and for Want of memory, and for eye Book HI. Ch. x. Digitized by Google 316 LiECE boc. jemynbe *j yip eajpaepce y yip unjehypnep ye bpeoft prnpce *j limjen able lenben psepce • *j yip aelcpe peonbep cofcunja jepypc pe bufu jenoh on haeppefte J?onne Jm pa, pypta hsebbe nytta )?onne pe j>eapp fie. .XIII. PrS bpeofcpaepce mapubie • nepte • oncpe bifceop pypt • penpypt • pyl on liunije *j butepan bo paey liumgef tpaebe • *j J?aepe butepan J>pibban bael nytta fpa pe J?eapp fie. .XIIII. ViJ> hpoftan lunjen able • jenim fpejlef aeppel *j fpepl *j pecelf ealpa empela menj yip peaxe leje on haune ftan bpinc Jrujili hopn pone pec *j ete septep ealbep fpicep .ill. fnaeba obbe butpan fupe mib pletum ; \hp lunjen able • jenim betonican • *j mapu- bian • agpimonian • pepmob • pel teppe • pube . acpmb • jajollan • pyl on paetpe • bepyl psey paetepef ]?pibban bscl* bo op J?a pypte bjunce on mopjenne peapmep fcenc pulne ere .ill. fnmba mib paey bpipep pc hep tepcep fej|? :• Pypc bpip yip lunjen able mm betomcan • mapu- bian • pepmob • hmbheoloJ>an • penpypr nio]?opeapb • elehtpe • elene • paebic • eopo^Jjpote • pelbmope • jecnua ealle fpij>e pel *j pyl on butepan *j appmj J>uph clab pceab on p pop bepen mela hpep on blebe butan pype o)> p hie fie fpa Jncce fpa bpip ete . ill. fnaeba • mib fcy bpence peapmef. 6pt pyl on hunije anum mapubian bo hpon bepen mela to ete on neaht neptis J?onne pu him pelle Digitized by LEECH BOOK. III. 517 wark, and for dull hearing, and for breast wark, and lung disease, loin wark, and for every temptation of the fiend. Work thj'self dust enough in harvest, when thou hast the worts, use it when thou hast need. xiii. For pain of breast ; marrubium, nepeta, ontre, bishop- wort, wenwort, boil in honey and butter; put two parts in three of the honey, and of the butter a third part ; use as need may be. xiv. For host, or cough , and lung disease ; take swails apple, and brimstone, and frankincense, of all equally much, mingle with wax, lay on a hot stone, let the man swallow the reek through a horn, and afterwards eat three pieces of old lard or of butter, and sip this with cream. For lung disease ; take be tony, and mar- rubium, agrimony, wormwood, fel terrse or centaury , rue, oak rind, sweet gale ; boil them in water, boil off a third part of the water, remove the worts ; let the man drink in the morning of this warm a cup full, let him eat therewith three pieces of the brewit that is here afterwards mentioned. 2. Work thus a brewit for lung disease ; take betony, and marrubium, wormwood, hind heal, 1 the lower part of wen wort, lupin, helenium, radish, everthroat, field- more; pound all thoroughly well, and boil in butter, and wring through a cloth ; shed on the decoction barley meal, shake it in a dish without fire till it be as thick as brewit ; let him eat three pieces, with the drink of the warm liquor . 3. Again, boil in honey alone, marrubium, add a little barley meal, let the man eat at night fasting ; and when 1 Eupatorium eannabinum. Book III. Ch. xii. Digitized by Google 318 LiECE BOC. bpenc o88e bjup pele him hatne *j 1 set jepefcan p>one man aeptep tibe 1 baBjef on pa fpiSpan fiban *j hapa pone eapm apeneb. .xv. Jhp majan paepce pyl ptc on cu meolce abo p pic op pupe hpon peajim pona bip pel. J?iJ? apunbeneppe *j [jip] 8 men nelle my lean hip mete pyl on psetepe polleian *j leac cepfan pele bpmean him bip fona J % el ; .XVI. Vip milte paepce enua jpene pealbpinbe feo8 on humje anum pele him etan .ill. fnaeba on neaht neptij. .XVII. Pip lenben paepce mapubie. nepte. bojen em pela ealpa bo on job ealu pype to bpence fpet hpon pele bpincan licje uppeapb septep pon jobe hpile. .XVIII. fol. lisb. J)i\> pambe paepce *j pypel paepce paep pu jefeo topb pipel on eoppan tip peoppan ymbpo hme mib tpam hanbum mib hip jepeoppe papa mib pinum hanbum fpipe *j cpe8 ppipa • Remebium pacio ab uentjnp bolopem. Peopp ponne opep baec pone pipel on pejebehealb p pu ne locije aeptep • ponne monnef pambe paepce o85e jiyjle ymbpoh mib pintim hanbum pa pambe him bip 1 Thus MS. 2 sir not in MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 319 thou givest him drink or brewit, give it him hot ; and make the man rest after an hour, by day, on the right side, and have the arm extended. Book IIL Ch. xiv. XV. For pain in the maw ; boil pitch in cow milk, re- move the pitch, let him sip a little warm, soon the man will be well. For distention, and if a mans meat will not digest ; boil in water pulegium and leek cress , 1 give this to the man to drink, soon it will be well with him. xvi. For milt pain ; pound green sallow rind, seethe in honey alone, give the man to eat three pieces at night fasting. xvii. For loin wark ; marrubium, nepeta, thyme, of all equal quantities, put into good ale ; work to a drink, sweeten a little, give to the mam to drink; let him lie with face up afterwards for a good while. xviii. For wamb wark and pain in the fatty part of the belly; when thou seest a dung beetle* in the earth throwing up mould , catch him with thy two hands along with his casting up, wave him strongly with thy hands, and say thrice, “ Remedium facio ad ventris “ dolorem ; ” then throw the beetle over thy back away ; take care thou look not after it. When a mans wamb or belly fat is in pain, grasp the wamb with thine 1 Erysimum aUiaria. this sentence ; but he names the 2 Our Saxon must have had Tal- Scarabatus stercorarius. pam, or ’Aon llcan jenim cymenep bufc menj to jate jeallan *j peappep jmb J?one napolan mib ealle hi jepita); m]?ep; op J?sem mex. .XXIIIl. PiJ> I18 paepce fins .viiil fijmm )>ip jealbo^ p&ji on • *j J?in fpatl fpip on • COalijnup oblijauit • anjelup cupauit- bominup Saluauit • him bij? pona pel. To )>on ilcan jenim culppan topb • gate topb bpije fpi8e *j jmb to bnfce menj pi|? hunij *j pi]> butpan fmipe mib J?a leojm. . xxv. P* peaptum jemm hunbep micjean *j mupe blob menj to pomne fmipe mib J?a peaptan hi jepitaj? fona ape 5 .XXVI. J)i\> miclan lice semm nio]?opeapbe elenan J?unj • •j omppan J?a fpimman pile ealpa empela • *j secnua pel • »j pyl on butepan bo pel pealtep on fmipe mib. Pypc bi8 1 pip Jram miclan lice • elene • aelp];one • mapubie • cupmealle • ellen tanaf • *j ac tanap pyl fpi8e on psetpe *j be]?e on fpi8e hatum p lfc. Pypc bpenc pi8 fam miclan lice hinbhiolo}>an • cupmeallan • bosen • nepte* aspimoma* betomca* pinul* bile* bo on 50b ealo pele bpincan on bsege .ill. pcencaf pulle. Pypc bpip pip ]?on ilcan • jemm mojwpeapbe elenan • *j eopop J^potan • pebic • *j J?a peaban netlan mo]?opeapbe fceappa fmsele jecnua pel • pyl pi]?J?an on butepan bo cleene ipj tapan J?aep on jip }m haebbe • *j hpon bepenef melpep bo on blebe mib ]?am pyptum *j hpep mib fticcan oj? 1 That is, b»$. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 323 full ; they will all depart away with the evacuation, and he will soon be well. 2. For that ilk. Take dust of cummin, mingle it with goats and bulls gall, rub the navel with them all, the worms will all disappear from the man downwards. xxiv. 1. For joint pain ; sing nine times this incantation thereon, and spit thy spittle on the joint : “ Malignus “ obligavit; angelus curavit; dominus salvavit.” It will soon be well with him. 2. For that ilk. Take doves dung and a goats tord, dry them thoroughly and rub to dust, mingle with honey and with butter, smear the joints therewith. xxv. For warts ; take hounds mie, and a mouses blood, mingle together, smear the warts therewith, they will soon depart away. xxvi. For elephantiasis, take the netherward part of hele- nium and aconite, and dock, that namely which will swim, of all equal quantities, and pound well and boil in butter, add a good spice of salt, and smear there- with. Work thus a bath against the mickle body brought on by leprosy, helenium, enchanters night- shade, marrubium, churmel, elder twigs, and oak twigs; boil strongly in water, and bathe the body in it very hot. Work thus a drink against the mickle body; put hindheal, churmel, thyme, nepeta, agrimony, betony, fennel, dill, into good ale ; administer to be drunk in a day three cups full. Work a brewit for that ilk ; take the netherward part of helenium and everthroat, radish, and the netherward part of the red nettle, scrape them small, and pound them well. Afterwards boil them in butter; add ivy tar besides if thou have it, and a little barley meal ; put this on a dish with the x 2 Bookm. Ch. xxiii. Digitized by Google 324 . LjECE boc. fol. 117 a. fol. 117 b. p hit col fie pele etan on neaht neptij .hi. fnaeba pele pone bpip *j pone bpenc aep pam baepe py laep bit mplea aeptep pam bape. . XXVII. Pip pmjalum pupfte 1 imtpumpa manna • Nim pep- mob *j hinb biolopan *j jyppipan pylle on ealap jefpete hpon pele him bpmcan hit haelp pone pupfc 2 pun- boplicei . XXVIII. Pip mnan poptoje 8 fmael peapma ece • jemm beto- nican • *j pepmob • mepce • paebic • pnul • jecnua ealle • *j bo on eala fete ponne *j beppeoh bpmc on neaht neptij pcenc pulne. . xxvnn. Yip bpyne jip m6n fie mib pype ane popbaepneb mm pubupopan • *j lilian • lileomoc pyl on butejian *j fmipe mib. jip mon fie mib paetan popbaepneb nime elm pmbe • *j lilian mopan pyl on meolcum fmipe mib ppipa on baej. pip funbpyne • meppe lpij tpiju pyl on butpan fmipe mib. . xxx. Pypc jobne ‘Seop bpenc • pepmob • bojen • japclipan • polleian • penpypt • pa, fmalan pel teppe • eajpypt • )?eoppypt • ceafcep aepcef . ii. fnaeba • elenan . in. com- mucef 3 in. pubu peax an jobne bael • cupmeallan • jepceappa pa£ pypta on job hluttop eala oppe pylifc ealu laet ftanban .in. mht beppijen pele bpmcan pcenc pulne tibe aep o]?pum mete. ])ip J?eope *j pij? pceotenbum penne • mm bojen • *j jeappan *j pubu peax 1 bufc, MS. 8 Read poptosennefre 2 J>pfe, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 325 worts, and stir it about with a spoon till it be cool; Book HI. give the man to eat at night fasting three bits of it ; ^ xxv ** give the brewit and the drink before the bath; let it strike inwards after the bath. xxvii. For the constant thirst of ailing men; take worm- wood, and hind heal, and githrife, boil in ale, sweeten a little, give to the man to drink, it healeth the thirst wonderfully. xxviii. For inward griping and small guts ache ; take betony, and wormwood, marche, radish, fennel; pound all and put into ale, then set it down and wrap it up ; drink at night fasting a cup full. xxix. For a bum; if a man be burnt with fire only, take woodruff, and lily, and brooklime ; boil in butter, and smear therewith. If a man be burnt with a liquid, let him take elm rind and roots of lily; boil them in milk, smear therewith thrice a day. For sunburn ; boil in butter tender ivy twigs; smear therewith. xxx. Work a good “ dry ” drink for the “ dry 33 disease ; wormwood, thyme, agrimony, pennyroyal, wenwort, the small centaury, eyewort, inula conyza, two pro- portions of black hellebore, three of helenium, eight of cammock, wood wax, a good deal of it, churmel; scrape these worts into good clear ale, or foreign ale, let it stand wrapt up for three nights, give the man a cup full to drink an hour before other meat. Against the “ dry disease ” and against a shooting wen ; take bothen, and yarrow, and wood wax, and ravens foot, put into Digitized by Google 326 LiECE BOC. *j hpepnep pot bo on job ealu pele bjuncan on bseje . in. pcencaf pulle. gip )?eop jepimije on anpe ftope pypc bejnnje mm p lpij pe on ftane peaxe • *j jeappan • pubu bmbep leap *j cuplyppan jecnua ealle pel leje on hatne fcan on tpoje jeot lipon paetepef on bet peocan on p be }>sep J^Bp him J?eapp pie J?onne pe col fie bo o}>epne hatne on bej?e fpa jelome him bij? fona pel . XXXI. Pypc jobe penpealpe nun pubu mepce • hpepnep pot* *j pepmob moJ>opeapbne • cti plyppan • puban • pubu bmbep leap* lpij leap pe on eoppan yixp- pa, clu- pihtan • penpypt • jecnua ealle • pyl on pammep fmeppe oppe on buccan bo ppibban bsel butepan appmj J?uph cla]i bo' J?onne jobne fcip tapan to «j hpep op p hit col fie. .XXXII. Vypc jobe bolh pealpe mm jeappan* pubu popan mo)?opeapbe • pelb mopan • *j mo)?opeapbne pijel hpeop- pan pyl on jobpe butepan appmj J?uph cla8 *j laet je- ftanban pel mlc bolh Jm meaht lacman mib. .XXXIII. ^ip mon lie upan on heapob punb *j fie ban je- fol. 118 a. bpocen mm pijel hpeoppan • *j hpite clmppan pifan • *j pubupopan bo on jobe butpan apeoh puph cla8 lacna pi}>J?an. :• jip fio eaxl Gpftije mm 1 pa, pealpe bo hpon peapme mib pe{?epe him bi 8 pona pel. Pypc jobne bolh bpenc mm ajpimoman *j pubu popan bo on job ealo pele bpincan jobne pcenc pulne on neaht neptij. gip je- 1 nl bo, MS. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 327 good ale, give the mam to drink three cups full a day : if the “dry disease ” remain in one plac£, work a fomentation thus ; take the ivy, which groweth on stone, and yarrow, and leaves of woodbind and cow- slip ; pound all these well, lay them on a hot stone in a trough, pour a little water upon them , let it reek upon the body, where need may be ; when the stone is cool, put another hot one in, foment the man so fre- quently. It will soon be well with him. xxxi. Work a good wen salve thus ; take wood marche, and ravens foot, and the netherward part of worm- wood, cowslip, rue, leaves of woodbind, ivy leaves, that ivy which groweth on the earth, the cloved wenwort; pound them all, boil in rams grease, or in bucks grease, put a third part of butter, wring through a cloth, then add good ship tar, and shake till it be cool. xxxii. Work a good wound salve thus ; take yarrow, and the nether part of woodruff, fieldmore, and the nether part of solwherf; boil in good butter, wring through a cloth, and let it stand. Pretty well every wound thou mayst cure therewith. xxxiii. 1. If a man be wounded in his upper quarter, in his head, and some bone be broken; take solwherf, and white clover plants, and woodruff ; put into good butter, strain through a cloth, and so treat the patient 2. If the shoulder get up out of place, take the salve, apply a little warm with a feather : it will soon be well with the man. Work a good wound drink thus; take agrimony, and woodruff, put them into good ale, give the man to drink a good cup full, at Bookm. Ch. xxx. Digitized by Google ♦ 328 LMCE BOC. bpocen ban fie on heapbe op nelle cnua jpene beto- nican *j leje on p bolh jelome op p pa> ban op fyn *j p bolh jebatob. .XXXIIII. Pi]> hunbep plite cnupa pibban leje on p bolh *j puban pyl on butpan lacna mib p bolh. jip fmpe fyn popcoppene nim penpypmap jecnupa pel leje on oj? p hi hale fynb. jtp pinpe pen jepcpuncene nime aemettan mib hiopa bebjepibe pyl on psetpe bej?e mib *j pece pa, pmpe jeopnlice. .xxxv. Yip jonjepippan bite mm henne aej jmb on ealu hpeap pceapej* topb mpe fpa he nyte pele him bpincan jobne fcenc pulne. .xxxvi. P* cancpe nim jate jeallan *j hum; menj to fomne • bejea empela bo on p bolh. To )?on llcan mpe hunbep heapob baepn to ahpan bo on bolh • jip hit fol. 118 b. nelle p mm monnef bpojan bpij fprSe jmb to bufte bo on jip pu mib pyj ne meaht jelacman ne meaht pn him seppe nahte. .XXXVII. J)i)> J?on pe pfp ne mseje beapn acenuan • mm pelb mopan nioJ?opeapbe pyl on meolcum on paetpe bo bejea empela pele etan pa, mopan *j p pop fupan. To J?on llcan bmb on p puxfcpe )?eoh up pi8 p cennenbe Km moJ>opeapbe beolonan oppe . xn. copn cellenbpan paebep *j p pceal bon cnilic o$$e mseben • fpa p beapn pie acenneb bo pa, pypta apej py Imp p tnnelpe utpije. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 329 night fasting. If there be a broken bone in the head, and it will not come away, pound green betony and lay it on the wound frequently, till the bones come away and the wound is mended. xxxiv. For rending of hound ; pound ribwort, lay it on the wound, and boil rue in butter, tend the wound there- with. If sinews are cut through ; take worms, pound them well, lay on till the sinews be restored. If sinews be shrunken; take emmets with their nest, boil them in water, and beathe therewith, and earnestly reek the sinews with the vapour. xxxv. Against bite of gangway weaving spider ; take a hens egg, rub it up raw into ale, and a sheeps tord new, so that the patient wit it not, give him a good cup full to drink. xxx vi. Against cancer; take goats gall and honey, mingle together of both equal quantities, apply to the wound. For that ilk ; bum a fresh hounds head to ashes, apply to the wound. If the wound will not give way to that, take a mans dung, dry it thoroughly, rub to dust, apply it. If with this thou art not able to cure him, thou mayst never do it by any means. xxxvii. In case that a woman may not kindle a bairn ; take of fieldmore the nether part, boil it in milk and in water, apply of both equal quantities, give the roots to her to eat and the wash to sip. For that ilk. Bind on her left thigh, up against the kindling limb, the netherward part of henbane, or twelve grains of coriander seed, and that shall give a boy a or maiden : when the bairn is kindled, remove the worts away, lest Book m. Ch. xxxiii. Digitized by Google 330 LJECB BOC. Jip of pipe nelle jan septep p£m beopppe p jecynbehc fie • feope ealb fpic on psetpe bepe mib pone cpip obbe hleomoc o ppe hoccep leap pyl on ealop pele bpincan hit hat. jtp on pipe pie beab beapn pyl on meolce *j on psetpe hleomoc *j polleian pele bpincan on baej tupa. geopne if to pypnanne beapneacnum pipe p hio aht fealtep ete ofr8e fpetep oppe beop bpince • ne fpmef plaepc ete ne naht psetep • ne bpuncen jebpmce ne on pej ne pepe • ne on hoppe to fprSe pibe py lsef p beapn op hipe fie sep piht tibe. Jip hio 1 blebe to fpipe septep pam beopppe mopopeapbe clatan pyl on meolce pele etan fupan p pop. . XXXVIII. Pip pon pe pipum fie popfuanben hipa monap jecynb pyl on ealab hleomoc *j tpa cupmeallan pele bpincan •j bepe p pip on hatum bape *j bpince pone bpenc on pam bape hapa pe sep jepopht clam op beop bpseptan op jpenpe mucjpypte mepce • y op bepene melpe menj ealle tofomne jehpep on pannan clsem on p jecynbe lfm y on pone cpib mopopeapbne ponne hio op pam babe 5 sep *j bpince pcenc pulne psep llcan bpencef 3 peapmep beppeoh p ptp pel *j lset beon fpa beclsemeb lanje tibe psep bsejef bo fpa tupa fpa ppipa fpsepep pu pcyle • pu pcealt fimle pam pipe bsep pyp- cean *j bpenc pellan on pa llcan tib • pe hipe fio jecynb set psepe ahpa psep set pam pipe. jtp pipe to fpipe opplope fio monab jecynb • jenim mpe hoppep topb leje on hate jleba lset peocan fpipe 1 hio in MS. follows J>y l®f ; the scribe having copied from some older writing in which it had been placed ont of the line. * fcencef, MS Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 331 the matrix prolapse. If what is natural will not come Book III. away from a woman after the birth, seethe old lard Ch ' XXXV1L in water, bathe the vulva therewith ; or boil in ale brooklime or hollyhock, administer it to drink hot. If there be a dead bairn in a woman, boil in milk and in water brooklime and pulegium, give it her to drink twice a day. Earnestly must a pregnant woman be cautioned, that she eat naught salt or sweet, nor drink beer, nor eat swines flesh, nor aught fat, nor drink to drunkenness, nor fare by the way, nor ride too much on horse, lest the bairn come from her before the right time. If she bleed too much after the birth, boil in milk the netherward part of clote, give it her to eat, and the ooze to sip. xxxviii. 1. In case mulieribus menstrua suppressa sunt; boil in ale brooklime, and the two centauries, give “her” 1 this to drink, and beathe “ the woman ” in a hot bath, and let her drink the draught in the bath ; have ready prepared a poultice of beer dregs, and of green mug- wort, and marche, and of barley meal ; mix them all together ; shake them up in a pan, apply to the natura, and to the netherward part of the vulva, when she goeth off the bath, and let her drink a cup full of the same drink warm, and wrap up the woman well, and leave her so poulticed for a long time of the day, 2 do so twice or thrice, whichever thou must. Thou shalt always prepare a bath and give the potion to the woman at that ilk tide, at which the catamenia were upon her ; inquire of the woman about that. 2. Si muliebria nimis fluunt ; take a fresh horses tord, lay it on hot gledes, make it reek strongly 1 The Saxon text varies the we should get M twice or thrice a numbers, plural and singular. “ day.” 2 By a transposition in the text, Digitized by Google S 32 hMCE BOC. fol. 119 b. fol. 120 a. betpeoh pa |?eoh tip unbep pao'c hpsejl p pe mon fpaete fyipe. . xxxviiil V18 fmeapypme fmipin; • mm fpinep jeallan pipcep 5 ea llan • *j hpepnep jeallan* hapan jeallan menj to pomne fmipe pa both mib blap mib hpeobe on 1 p peap on p bolh cnua J?onne heopot bpembel leap leje on pa bolh. Pypc beJ?inje to J?on llcan mm sepp pinbe • pip pinbe • epic pinbe • plah J>opn pinbe • pippmbe • 2 bepc pinbe* cnua ealle 8 pa pinba pyl on cype hpseje fpeah mib be)?e p ltm pe pe pypm on fie • aeptep J?8epe bejnnje abpij *j fmipe mib pddjie pealpe • *j blap pa pealpe on pa, bolh *j leje 8a bpembel leap 6n bo fpa on baeje 8pipa on fumepa *j on pmtpa tpipa. Pypc pa, blacan pealpe jip pe ]?eapp fie • jepamna pe til ambpu hpyj?pa miejean • *j ambep pulne holen pmba • *j sepepmba • *j Jmnjep • pylle J?onne on cetele op p pe pseta fie tpsebe on bepylleb abo op pa, pypta *j pa, pmba • pyl epr op p hit pie fpa piece fpa molcen •j fpa fpeapt fpa col fmipe mib pi}?}?an p bolh *j hapa clam jepopht op mealtep fmebman *j op hpitinj melpe • *j elehtpan clupa cnua *j 5mb topomne pypc to clame jip he fie to bpije bo on bpeopenbe pypt hpon claem on pa bolh utan ymb • pi]?)?an hie jefmypeb fynb feo pealp pile sepefc pa bolh pyman *j p beabe plsepc opetan *j pone fpile aj?paenan *j J?one pypm pvejx on beabne jebeJ? oppe cpicne opbpipB pa bolh jelficna8. :• 1 6 t reap, MS. j 2 elle, MS. 2 jnjijnnbe is thus repeated in MS. I Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 333 between the thighs, up under the raiment, that the woman may sweat much. Book nr. Ch. xxxviii. xxxix. 1. A smearing for a penetrating worm; take swines gall, and fishes gall, and crabs gall, and hares gall ; mingle them together, smear the wounds therewith; blow with a reed the liquid into the wound ; then pound hart bramble 1 leaves, lay them on the wounds. Work up a fomentation for that ilk ; take aspen rind, and myrtle rind, quickbeam rind, sloethorn rind, birch rind; pound all the rinds together, boil them in cheese whey, wash therewith and foment the limb on which the wound is, and after the beathing dry and smear with the salve, and blow the salve into the wounds, and lay on the bramble leaves ; do so thrice a day in summer, and in winter twice. 2. Work up the black salve, if need be, thus; collect two buckets of bullocks mie, and a bucket foil of holly rinds, and of ash rind, and of aconite; then boil in a kettle till the liquor be boiled to two thirds, remove the “ worts ” and the rinds ; boil again till it be as thick as milk porridge and as swart as a coal; after- wards smear the wound therewith, and have a plaster ready wrought of fine smede of malt, and of whiting meal, and lupins; cleave, pound, and rub them together, work them into a paste; if it be too dry, add brew- ing wort, a trifle of it; dab it on the wounds and round about them. After they are smeared, the salve will first enlarge the wounds, and eat off the dead flesh, and soften the swelling, and it will do to death the worm therein, or drive him away alive, and will heal the wounds. 1 Rhamnus. Digitized by Google 334 LJ2CE BOC. fol. 120 b. .XL. PiJ> J)on )>e mon fie mona]? peoc mm mepe fpmep pel pypc to fpipan fprnj mib J?one man pona br8 pel • amen. 1 .XLI. Yypc 2 jobne bpeno pip eallum peonbef coftunjum • Nim betomcan • bifceop pypt • elehtpan • jy)?pipan • attopla)?an • pulpep camb • jeappan • leje unbep peopob jefmje .vim. mseppan opep jefceappa J?a pypta on halij paBtep pele bpincan on neaht nej’tij pcenc pulne • bo p halij peetep on ealne }>one mete j?e pe man jncje, Pypc jobe pealpe pij> peonbep coftunja • bifceop pypt • elehtpe • bap an 3 fppecel • fcpeapbepian pipe • fio clupihte penpypt eopbpima • bpembel seppel • polleian • pepmob . jecnua )?a pypta ealle apyUe on jobpe butepan ppmj jmph cla*8 fete nnbep peopob pinje .vnn. msBppan opep • fmipe )?one man mib on )?a J?un- ponje • *j bupan J?am eajum *j upan $ heapob • *j )?a bpeoft unbep j?am eapmum )?a fiban. J>eop pealp ip job pij? selcpe peonbep coftunja *j selpfibenne lencten able, gip }?u pilt lacnian jepitfeocne man jebo bybene pulle oealbep pmtpep bpyp ]?pipa on J>aep bpencep • be)?e J?one man on )>am psetpe *j ete pe man jehaljobne hlap • cype * *j japleac • *j cpopleac *j bpince J?aep bpencep pcenc pulne *j Jionne he pe beba)?ob fmipe mib J?aBpe pealpe fpij?e • pi)?)>an him pel pie pypc him J?onne fprSne bpenc fitypnenbum 4 Pypc Jmp )?one bpenc mm lybcopnep leap • *j cele)?o- nian mopan • *j jlrobenan mopan • *j hoccep mopan • *j ellenep pypttpuman pinbe pyl on ealab l©t fuanban neahtepne ahlyttpe J?onne *j jepypm bo butepan to *j 1 amen is in a different hand. 3 hajia, MS. 2 Vpc, MS. 4 Read ucypnenbe, for --bne. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 335 xl. In case a man be lunatic ; take skin of a meres wine or porpoise , work it into a whip, swinge the man therewith, soon he will be well. Amen. xli. Work thus a good drink against all temptations of the devil. Take betony, bishopwort, lupins, githrife, attor- lothe, wolfecomb, yarrow; lay them under the altar, sing nine masses over them, scrape the worts into holy water, give the man to drink at night fasting a cup full, and put the holy water into all the meat which the man taketh. Work thus a good salve against temptations of the fiend. Bishopwort, lupin, vipers bugloss, strawberry plant, the cloved wenwort, earth rime, blackberry, pennyroyal, wormwood ; pound all the worts, boil them in good butter, wring through a cloth, set them under the altar, sing nine masses over them ; smear the man therewith on the temples, and above the eyes, and above the head, and the breast, and the sides under the arms. This salve is good for every temptation of the fiend, and for a man ftill of elfin tricks, and for typhus fever. If thou wilt cure a wit sick man, put a pail full of cold water, drop thrice into it some of the drihk ; bathe the man in the water, and let the man eat hallowed bread, and cheese, and garlic, and cropleek, and drink a cup full of the drink ; and when he hath been bathed, smear with the salve thoroughly ; and when it is better with him, then work him a strong purgative drink. Work the drink thus; take leaves of liboom, and roots of celandine, and roots of gladden, and root of hollyhock, and rind of root of elder; boil in ale, let it stand for the space of a night, then clarify, and warm it, add butter and salt, ad- Bookm. Ch. xl. Digitized by Google 336 LJ3CE BOC. pealt pele bpincan. J?ypc fpipe bpenc titypnenbne mm peopeptij lybcopna bepenb pel jejnib on mojwpeapbe celeJ>oman *j hoccep mopan tpa dupe Jraepe dupehtan penpypte hpephpette m]>epeapbe an lytel • ham- pypte mopan mebmicel • jebo ealle pa pypta fpipe pel clsene jecnua bo on eala beppeoh laet franban neah- tepne pele bpincan pcenc pulne. . XLII. ^iF fpibbpenc on man jepitte *j he nelle opjan mm m)?epeapbe cele)>oman • lybcopnep leap oppe apob pyl on ealab bo butepan pealt to pele bpincan peapmep pcenc pulne. . XLII I. J)*p attpep bpmce ieop henne *j hoccep leap on paetpe abo pone pujel op *j pa, pypta pele fupan p bpob pel jebutepob fpa he hatoft mseje • jTp he aep haep}> attop jebpuncen ne bi}? him ahte \>e pypp jip he p bpob J?onne aep fypb ne meaht pn him py baeje atto^ jepellan; .XLini. YiP lupum pele him etan jefobenne capel on neaht neptij jelome he bif> luptim bepepeb. .XLV. ^ip J>opn ftinje man on pot oppe hpeob nelle opjan mme mpe jope topb • «j jpene jeappan cnupije fpipe topomne claem on p bolh fona bij? pel ; Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK, III. 337 minister to drink. Work thus a purgative spew drink ; take forty libcoms, rend them well, and rub them small upon the netherward part of celandine and mallow roots, and two cloves of the cloved wen- wort, and a little of the netherward part of cucumber, and a moderate quantity of the root of homewort; make all the worts thoroughly well clean, and pound them; put them into ale, wrap up, let it stand for a nights space, give the man a cup full to drink. xlii. If a strong potion lodge in a man, and will not come away, take the netherward part of celandine, and leaves of libcom or arod, 1 boil in ale, add butter and salt, give to drink a cup full of it warm. xliii. For drink of poison; seethe a hen and leaves of mallow in water, remove the fowl and the worts, give the mom the broth to sip, well buttered, as hot as he can take it If lie hath drunken poison before, it will be none the worse with him. If he suppeth the broth beforehand thou mayst not that day give him poison (effectually). xliv. Against lice ; give the mom to eat sodden colewort at night fasting, frequently : he will be guarded against lice. xlv. If a thorn or a reed prick a man in the foot, and will not be gone ; let him take a fresh goose tord and green yarrow, let him pound them thorouglily together, paste them on the wound, soon it will be well. VOL. It 1 Aron ? Y Book in. Ch. xlii. Digitized by 338 LMCE BOC. .XLVI. Pip aepmselum • pip eallum ea^na paepce • ceop pulpep comb ppmj ponne puph haepenne clafi pyllenne on pa eajan p peap on niht ponne he peptan pille on mopjen bo sejep p hpite J>sep on. . XLVII. Vij7 lypt able jip pe mub pie poh oppe pon • mm fcl. 121 h. cellenbpan jmb on pipe]' meolce bo on p hale eape him bij? pona pel. 6pt mm cellenbpan abpij jepypc to bufte jemenj p bulb pip pipep meoltic pe paepneb pebe appinj puph haepenne clab *j fmipe p hale ponje mib *J bpype on f eape paeplice. Pypc ponne beprnje • jenim bpembel pmbe elm pmbe • aepc pmbe • plali- popn pmbe apulbop pmbe • ip^ pmbe • ealle pap mopopeapbe *j hpephpettan • fmepu pypt • eopop peapn • elene • aelppone • betomce • mapubie • pebic • ajpi- monia jefceappa pa pypta on cetel *j pyl fpibe • ponne lilt fie fpipe jepylleb bo op pam pype pete *j 3epypc pam men petl opep pam citele beppeop ‘bone man mib p pe aepm ne maeje fit nahpaep butan he maeje jeepian • bepe hme mib pippe bepmje pa hpile pa he maeje apaepnan. IDapa him ponne opep baep jeapa* jenim aemet beb mib ealle • papa pe hpilum pleojab beop peabe • pyl on paetpe bepe hme mib • onjemet- hatum. pfpc him ponne pealpe mm aelcep papa cynnep pypta pyl on butepan fmipe mib pa papan hmu hie cpiciap pona. Pypc him leaje op ellen ahpan ppeah hip heapob mib colpe him bip pona bet • pe man laete him blob selce monpe on .v. mhta ealbne monan *j on piptyne *j on .XX. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 339 xlvi. For imminutions , 1 and for all pain of the eyes ; chew wolfscomb, then wring the ooze through a purple doth upon the eyes, at night, when the man has a mind to rest, and in the morning apply the white of an egg. xlvii. For palsy, if the mouth be awry or livid, rub cori- ander in womans milk, put it into the sound ear, it will soon be well with the man. Again, take coriander, dry it, work it to dust, mingle the dust with milk of a woman, who brought forth a male, wring through a purple cloth, and smear the sound cheek therewith, and drip it on the ear warily. Then work a fomentation ; take bramble rind, and elm rind, ash rind, sloethorn rind, appletree rind, ivy rind, all these from the nether part of the trees, and cucumber, smearwort, everfern, helenium, enchanters nightshade, betony, marrubium, radish, agrimony; scrape the worts into a kettle, and boil strongly. When it hath been strongly boiled, re- move it off the fire and set it down , and get the man a seat over the kettle, and wrap the man up, that the vapour may get out nowhere, except only so that the man may breathe ; beathe him with this fomentation as long as he can bear it. Then have another bath ready for him, take an emmet bed, all at once, a bed of those male emmets which at whiles fly, they are red ones, boil them in water, beathe him with it immoderately hot. Then make him a salve; take worts of each kind of those above mentioned, boil them in butter, smear the sore limbs therewith, they will soon quicken. Make him a ley of elder ashes, wash his head with this cold ; it will soon be well with him : and let the man get bled every month, when the moon is five, and fifteen, and twenty nights old. 1 Contraction of the pupil. T 2 Digitized by Book HI. Ch. xhri. Google 340 LJSCE BOC. fol. 122 a. fol. 122 b. . XLVIII. Dpenc pij; pic able mm bulut • eopop^potan nio]?opeapbe • pubu pillan • jeacep pupan • aepepj?an jepceappa J?ap pypto coSomne bo on jellet mnan last: franban neahtepne aep Jm hme bpince. Pypc bejjmje mm p peabe pyben bo on tpij hget J?onne fcanap fpi)?e hate leje on p tpij mnan he pitte on ftole opep j^epe bejnnge p hio hme maeje tela jepeocan J?onne peallaS pa pic pypmap on pa bejnnje him bij? pona pel • bpince }>one bpenc aep jjaepe beJjmje • jtp lie ponne pa bejnnje jmphteon ne ma» 5 e bpince J>one bpenc selce baeje op p him pel fie. . XLVIII I. Vi]> pculbop psepce eapma • pyl betonican on ealob pele bpmcan jelome «j pimle fmipe hme get pype mib penpypte. .L. 2>p cneop pap pie cnna beolenan *j hemhc bej?e mib •j leje on. .LI. Gif pe pot pap pie ellen leap • *j pejbpseban mucjpypt jecnua *j leje on jebmb hat J?sep on. :• .LI I. ^ip J>u ne mseje blob bolh popppi)?an mm mpe hoppep topb abpij on funnan jejnib to bufte {pipe pel leje p buft fyipe }ncce on lmenne claj? ppij? mib J>y p bolh. . LIII. ^tp meoluc fie apypb bmb toSomne pejbpaeban • *j ji^pipan • cepfan leje on }>one pilbcumb -j ne fete p pset nij?ep on eop]?an feopon nihtum. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 341 xlviiL A drink for the “fig” disease; take bulot, and the netherward part of everthroat, and wild chervil, and cuckoosour, and aeferth ; scrape these worts together, put them into a basin, let it stand for the space of a night, ere thou drink it. Work a fomentation thus ; take the red ryden, put it in a trough, then heat stones very hot, lay them within the trough, and let the man sit on a stool over the fomentation, that it may reek him well, then the “ fig ” worms will fall on the beathing, and it will soon be well with him. Let him drink the drink before the beathing; if then he cannot pull through the beathing, let him drink the drink every day till it be all right with him. xlix. Against pain of shoulders and arms; boil betony in ale, give it the man to drink frequently, and always smear him at the fire with wenwort. 1 . If a knee be sore, pound henbane and hemlock, foment therewith and lay on. li. If the foot be sore, pound and lay on elder leaves, and waybroad, and mugwort ; and bind hot upon the foot lii. If thou be not able to stanch a bloodletting incision, take a new horses tord, dry it in the sun, rub it to dust thoroughly well, lay the dust very thick on a linen cloth ; wrap up the wound with that. liii. If milk be spoilt ; bind together waybroad, and gith- rife, and cress, lay them on the milk pail, and set not the vessel down on the earth for seven nights. Book in. Ch. xlviii. Digitized by 342 LjKCE boc. .Lilli. Pfpc pealpe prS mhtjenjan • pyl on butepvan elehtpan • hejepipan • bifceop pypt • peabe ma$J?an • cpopleac • peak fmipe mib him biS pona peL . LV. ^ip men fio heapob panne beo jehleneeb aleje J?one man tippeapb bpip ,n. fcacan aet J?am eaxlum leje J?onne bpeb J?peopep opep J?a pet pleah J?onne J>pipa on mib pleje bytle hio 500)? on piht Sona. .LYI. Gip men nelle myltan hip mete mj?epeapb elate *j me pee *j funbeopnep leap pyl on ealaj? fele bpincan. .LVII. ViJ? jtfp jemseblan jebepje on neaht neptij paebicej* mopan py baeje ne maej pe pe jemaebla pce}?J?an. .LVIII. J)ip peonbep cofcunge pub mohn 1 hatte pypt peaxe}? be ypnenbum paetpe • jip Jm )?a on pe hapaft *j unbep J?inum heapob bolfupe • .j?e aelp o)?)?e mht jenjan • fmipe hip ^jplitan mib ]?ip pe pealpe on hip eajan bo J?aep him pe lichoina pap fie • *j pecelfa hme *j fena jelome hip Jnnj bij? pona pelpe. . LXII. VrS aelpable mm bipceop pypt* pinul • elehtpe* aelpJ?onan nioJ?opeapbe • *j jehaljobef cpiftep maelef paju • *j ftoji bo aelcpe hanb pulle • bebinb ealle )?a pypta on clape bebyp on pont paetpe jehaljobum 1 bo is to be added. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 345 lx. Book HI. Work a good ear salve thus ; the netherward part Ch# lx * of hounds tongue, and singreen, and sedura, the ne- therward part of garden hove, leaves of celandine, garlic, cropleek; put them into wine or vinegar, wring them through a coloured cloth into the ear; let the liquor stand for three nights before thou apply it. Again, take cropleek and sedum, pound them, add a little wine, and wring into the ear, it will soon be well with it. lxi. Work thus a salve against the elfin race and noc- turnal goblin visitors, and for the women with whom the devil hath carnal commerce; take the ewe hop plant, probably the female hap plant , wormwood, bishopwort, lupin, ashthroat, henbane, harewort, vipers bugloss, heathberry plants, cropleek, garlic, grains of hedgerife, githrife, fennel ; put these worts into a vessel, set them under the altar, sing over them nine masses, boil them in butter and sheeps grease, add much holy salt, strain through a doth, throw the worts into run- ning water. If any ill tempting occur to a man, or an elf or goblin night visitors come, smear his forehead with this salve, and put it on his eyes, and where his body is sore, and cense him with incense, and sign him frequently with the sign of the cross ; his con- dition will soon be better. lxii. Against elf disease ; take bishopwort, fennel, lupin, the lower part of enchanters nightshade, and moss or lichen from the hallowed sign of Christ, and incense, of each a hand full ; bind all the worts in a cloth, dip it thrice in hallowed font water, have sung over Digitized by Google 346 LJECE BOC. J?jupa • laet fingan opep .m. maeppan • ane omnibus Sclp • o|>pe contpa tpibulatjonem • Jinbban ppo m- pipmiS • bo jronne jleba an glebpaet lege J?a pypta on • gepec pone man mib ]7am pyptum aep unbepn on mht «j ping letama *j cpeban «j patep noptep *j ppit him cpifcep mael on aelcum lime mm lytle hanb pulle }?aep llcan cynnep pypta jelice gehalgobe ^ pyl on meolce bpyp J?pipa gehalgobep paetpep on fupe aep hif mete him bi)? pona pel. J7iJ? J?on llcan • gang on Jrnnpep aepen J?onne funne on petle fie Jiaep pn pite elenan ftanban ping Jronne benebicite • *j patep noptep • *j letaman . «j fcrng pm peax on J?a pypte last fucian J?aep on gang j?e apeg gang ept to J?onne baeg mht pup- Jmm pcabe on J?am llcan uhte gang aepeft to cijucean pe gepena *j gobe pe bebeob gang powne fpigenbe foi. 124 a. J?eah pe hpaet hpega egeflicef ongean cume oppe man ne cpej? Jm him aemg popb to asp Jm cume to Jwepe pypte J?e Jm on aepen aep gemeapoobeft fmg Jmnne benebiate • *j patep noptep • letama abelp J?a pypt laet fcician p peax J?sep on • gang ept fpa Jm pajmfc maege to cipicean *j lege unbep peopob mib J?am peaxe laet licgean op p funne uppe fie • apaepc fiJ?J?an bo to bpence • bipceop pypt *j cpiftep maelef pagu apyl J?pipa on meolcum geot J>pipa halig paetep on ling on patep noptep • cpeban • glopia m excelpip beo • «j fmg on hine letama • *j hme eSc ymb ppit mib fpeopbe on .mi. healpa on cpuce • *j bpince jmne bpenc fiJ>J?an him bij? pona pel. Gpt pip J?on lege unbep peopob J?ap pypte laet gefingan opep .vim. maeppan • pecelp • hahg pealt .ill. heapob cpopleacep aelpjmnan moJ?e- Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 347 it three masses, one “ Omnibus sanctis,” 1 another u Contra tribiiktionem/' 2 a third “Pro infirmis.” 1 Then l * put gledes in a glede pan, and lay the worts on : reek the man with the worts before nine}in the morning, and at night, and sing a litany, and the credo, and the Pater noster, and write Christs mark on each of his limbs, and take a little hand full of worts of the same kind similarly hallowed, and boil in milk, drop thrice some hallowed water into it, and let him sip of it before his meat; it will soon be well with him. For that ilk. Go on Thursday evening, when the sun is set, where thou knowest that helenium stands, then sing the “ Benedicite,” and “ Pater noster,” and a litany, and stick thy knife into the wort, make it stick fast, and go away : go again, when day and night just divide ; 8 at the same period go first to church and cross thyself, and commend thyself to God ; then go in silence, and though anything soever of an awful sort or man a meet thee, say not thou to him any word, ere thou come to the wort, which on the evening before thou markedst ; then sing the Benedicite, and the Pater noster, and a litany, delve up the wort, let the knife stick in it ; go again as quick as thou art able to church, and lay it under the altar with the knife ; let it lie till the sun be up, wash it afterwards, and make into a drink, and biskopwort, and lichen off a crucifix ; boil in milk thrice, thrice pour holy water upon it, and sing over it the Paternoster, the Credo, and the Gloria in excelsis deo; 4 and sing upon it a litany, and score with a sword round about it on three sides a cross, and then after that let the man drink the wort; soon will it be well with him. Again for that ; lay these worts under the altar, have nine masses sung over them, incense, holy salt, three heads ot cropleek, the netherward part of enchanters nightshade, 1 In the niissaL 3 In early morning. * The same as “ Pro qoacnnque 4 Lake ii. 14. necessitate ” ? * Digitized by Google 348 L£CE BOG peapbe • elenan • mm on mopjen fcenc pulne meoluce bpyp ]?pipa halijep paetepef on fupe fpa he hatoft maeje • ete mib .iil fnaeba aelpJ?onan *j J?onne he pef- tan pille liaebbe jleba J?aep mne leje fuop *j aelpjHMian fol. 124 b. on ]?a jleba • pec lnne mib p he fpaete • *j p blip jeonb pec jeopne }?one man jep ena • £onne he on pefte janje ete .ill. fnaeba eolenan • *j .in. cpop- leacep • y ML pealtep • *j liaebbe him fcenc pulne eala*S »j bpype ]?pipa halij paetep on • befupe aelce lnaeb • jepefce hme pi]>j?an- bo Jnp .vim. mopjenaf* *j .vim. mht him bij? pona pel. gip him bij? aelpfojoJ?a him beoJ> j?a eajan jeolpe )?aep In peabe beon fceolbon. Jip J?u )ione mon lacman pille p&nc hif jebaepa pite hpilcef habef he fie • jip hit bij> paepneb man *j locab lip J?onne Jm hine aepefc pceapafc *j pe •jplita bi}> jeolpe blac • ]xme mon Jm mealit jelacman aeltaeplice jip he ne bij? j^ep on to lanje • jip hit bij? ptp locab mjiep J?onne }m hit aepeft pceapaft • lnpe jplita bij? peabe pan p ]?u miht eac jelacman • jip hit bib baej- J>epne lenj on J^onne . xn. monaj> *j fio onfyn bij> }>yplicu ]?onne meaht J)u hme betan to hpile • ne meaht hpae)>epc aeltaeplice jelacman. Ppit Jnp jeppit • Scpiptum eSt pex pejum et bominup bommantjum • bypmce • bepomce • luplupe • lehe • aiup • amp • amp • Scf • Sep • Sep . bominup beup Sabaoth • amen • alleluiah. Smj Jnp opep J?am bpence y )?am jeppite- i)eup om- fol 125 a. mpotenf patep bommi noptpi lesu cpipti • pep Inpofi- tjonem hmuf pepiptupa expelle a pamulo tuo n •* Om- nem Impetum 2 caftalibum * 3 be capite* be capillif • be 1 nomcn. 3 Castalides, bun el>en, Gl. Sortin. * impetuu, MS. p. 79 b. Elves of the downs. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 349 lielenium ; take in the morning a cup full of milk, drop thrice some holy water into it, let the man sup it up as hot as he can : let him eat therewith three bits of enchanters nightshade, and when he hath a mind to rest, let him have in his chamber gledes, let him lay on the gledes am bpence ppit cpucem mib him on aelcum lime *j cpe$ fijnum cpuciS xpT conpepuate In uitam etepnam • amen, jip pe ne lyfte hat hine pelpne oppe fpa jepubne fpa he jefibbofu haebbe fenije fpa he peloft cunne • pep cpaept maej pip aelcpe peonbef cofuunje. .LXIII. Jip mon bip on paetep aelpable |?onne beoJ> him )?a lianb naejlaf ponne *j pa eajan teapije -j pile locian fol. 125 b. nipep • bo him pip to laecebome • eopopjjpote • capfuc • pone niopopeapb • eopbepje • elehtpe • eolone • mepfc- mealpan cpop • pen mmte • bile • lilie • attoplape • polleie • mapubie • bocce • ellen • pel teppe • pepmob • ftpeapbepjean leap • conpolbe • opjeot mib ealap • bo lialij paetep to fmj pip ;i;ealbop opep J?pipa • Jc bmne appat 3 beteft beabo ppaeba fpa benne ne bupnon ne 1 -pa, MS. a From ppiftan rather than ppitan. * nomen. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 351 “ cerebro, defronte, de lingua, de sublingua, do gutture, de “ faucibus, de dentibus, de oculis, de naribus, de auribus, ‘ c de manibus, de collo, de brachiis, de corde, de anima, “ de genibus, de coxis, de pedibus, de compaginibus “ omnium membrorum intus et foris. Amen.” Then work up a drink thus ; font water, rue, sage, cassuck, dragons, the netherward part of the smooth waybroad, feverfue, a head of dill, three cloves of garlic, fennel, wormwood, lovage, lupin, of all equal quantities ; write a cross three times with the oil of unction, and say, “Pax tibi.” Then take the writing, describe a cross with it over the drink, and sing this over it, “ Dominus “ omnipotens, pater domini nostri Iesu Christi, per im- “ positionem huius scripturse et per gustum huius expelle “ diabolum a famulo tuo;” here insert the name , and the Credo, and Paternoster. Wet the writing in the drink, and write a cross with it on every limb, and say, e ]>on ina \e. eop)>an on eajie ace • Sinj ]np manejum pijmm • eopj?e J>e on bepe eallum lnpe mihtum *j maejenum • J>ap jalbop mon maej fmjan on punbe. .LXIIII. P* beople lij>e bpenc *j unjemynbe bo on ealu capptic • elehtpan mopan • pmul ontpe • betomce • hinb heoloJ?e • mepce pube • pepraob • nepue • elene • aelppone • pulpep comb • jefmj . XII. maeppan opep J?am bpence *j bpmce him bij> pona pel. bpenc pip beoplep coftunja • J^epan J>opn cpopleac • eletpe • ontpe • bifceop pypt • pmul • cappuc • betomce • jehalja ]?ap pypta bo on ealu fol. 126 a. halij paetep • fie pe bpenc ]>aep mne J;aep pe feoca man mne fie • funle aep Jon ]>e he bpmce fing jjpipa opep j?am bpence • beup In nomine tuo paluum me pac. .LXV. ^tp man fie jejymeb *j j?u lnne jelacnian pcyle • jefeoh f he fie topeapb ]>onne )?u mjanje J>onne maej he libban • jip he )>e fie ppampeapb ne jpet J?u hine ahte • jip he libban maeje pyl on butepan betomcan • Digitized by Google LEECJI BOOK. III. 353 Book nr. Ch. lxiii. lxiv. A lithe drink against a devil and dementedness. Put into ale cassuck, roots of lupin, fennel, ontre, betony, hindheal, marche, rue, wormwood, nepeta, hele- nium, elfthone, wolfs comb ; sing twelve masses over the drink, and let the man drink, it will soon be well with him. A drink against temptations of the devil ; tuftythom, cropleek, lupin, ontre, bishopwort, fennel, cassuck, betony ; hallow these worts , 8 put into some ale some holy water, and let the drink be in the same chamber as the sick man, and constantly before he drinketh sing thrice over the drink, “ Deus ! In “ nomine tuo salvum me fac.” lxv. If a man be overlooked, and thou must cure him, see that his face be turned to thee when thou goest in, then he may live ; if his face be turned from thee, have thou nothing to do with him. If he may live, that the baneful sores may neither burn nor burst, nor find their way further, nor turn foul and fallow, nor thump and throb on, nor be wicked wounds, nor dig deeply down ; but he himself may hold in a way to health. Let it ache thee no more, than ear in earth 1 * acheth. Sing also this many times, 9 “ May earth bear on “ thee with all her might and main.” These charms a man may sing over a wound. 1 In the grave. 3 This seems intended to qnell the elf. VOL. II. 3 By a formula of benediction. Z Digitized by Google 354 LiECE BOC. jy)?pipan • jeappan • polleian • bolhpunan • appinj )mph elaj? laet fcanban • jehaet fcenc pulne cu peapmpe ineolce bo J? 38 pe pealpe .V, fnseba J?aep on fupe on neaht neptnj ete pepfc plaepc jTsep ]?aep hit paetoft fie • jncje on mht pa pealpe *j ^ bolh pet mib ealban fpice oppe mib pepfcpe butepan j?onne hit fie claene *j pel peab • lacna mib pa llcan pealpa • ne laet toSomne jip hio fie claene • laet piJ?J?an toSomne. gtp hit nelle pop Jnftim laecebome batian • pyl on meolcum pa peaban jeappan pmul • hnpypt • ealpa jelice laet apeallan .v. pijmm appmj J?uph cla8 jebpip pel fpi)?ne bpip pa&ji on mib hpaete melpe jepceap jobep peaxep ane fiiaebe pveji on *j hpep tofomne laet jecohan • jenim hapan pulle lytle fnaebe . ill. bepmb mib py bpipe utan ^ he maeje fol. 126 b. popfpeljan *j befupe mib cu peapmum. 1 . LXVI. Dpenc jip j?eop pie on men mm )?ap pypte moj>e- peapbe • pinol bifceop pypt 8epc)?potan ealpa empela )nppa tpeja maept • upepeapbe puban • betonican op- jeot mib hluttpum ealaj? jefmje .in. maeppan opep *j bpmce ymb . u. mht }?aep pe he opjoten fie aep hif mete aeptep. . LXYII. V \p beopol feoce bo on halij paetep on eala bifceop pypte lnnbhiolo^an • ajpimonian • alexanbpian • jyJ?- pipan pele him bpincan. 6pt cappuc • pepan ]?opn • ftan cpop • elehtpe • pmul • eopop}>pote cpopleac opjeot jelice. Gpt fpipe bpenc pi8 beople • mm micle hanb 1 Supply meolcum. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 355 boil in butter betony, githrife, yarrow, pulegium, pel- litory; wring through a cloth, let it stand, heat a cup full in milk warm from the cow, put five pieces of the salve into it; let the man sup up that at night fasting, and let him eat fresh flesh in the part where it is fattest : and at night take the salve and comfort the wound with old lard or with fresh butter ; when it is clean, and a good red, leech with the same salve, and let it not unite, if it be clean ; make it unite afterwards. If it will not for this leechdom get better, boil in milk the red yarrow, and fennel, and flaxwort, of all equal quantities, let them boil five times, wring through a cloth. Brew up a pretty strong brewit upon this, with wheat meal, shave a piece of good wax into it, and shake up together ; let it cool, take three little bits of hares wool, wind them on the outside about with the brewit, that he may swallow them, and let him sup it up with milk warm from the cow. Book IIL Ch. lxv. lxvi. A drink, if the “ dry ” disease be on a man ; take the netherward part of these worts, fennel, bishopwort, ashthroat, of all equal quantities ; of these two follow- ing more than of the others, the upward part of rue, and betony ; pour them over with clear ale, and sing three masses over them, and let the man drink about two days from the time when it was poured over, before his meat and after. lxvii. For one devil sick ; put into holy water and into ale, bishopwort, hind heal, agrimony, alexanders, gith- rife ; give to the man to drink. Again, cassuck, tufty thorn, stonecrop, lupin, fennel, everthroat, cropleek ; pour over them similarly. Again, a spew drink against the devil ; take a mickle hand full of sedge, and gladden, z 2 Digitized by Google 356 LJECE BOC. pulle fecjep • *j jleebenan bo on pannan • jeot micelne bollan pulne eala}? on bepyl healp jejnib . XX. lyb- copna bo on p )?ip ip 50b bpenc pi}? beople. [lxviii.] Leoht bpenc pi)? peben heopte elehtpe • bipceop pypt eelpjwme • elene • epopleac • hinb hiolope • ontpe • elate • Nim )?ap pypta }?onne bee; mht fcabe • fin; aepeft on cipicean letania • *j epeban • *j patep noj^tep • ;an; mib }?y fanje to }?am pyptiim ymbja lne ]?pipa eep )?u hie nime • ;a ept to cipicean gefinj . XII. meeppan fol. 127 a. opep j, am pyptum }?onne J?u hie opjoten lieebbe. . LXVIII I. ^Tp men fie maja afupob *j popjmnben • jenim holen leapa micle tpa hanb pulla jepceappa fpi]?e fmale pyl on meolcum oj? p hie fyn pel meapupe pupla fneeb meelum ete )?onne .VI. fheeba • on inopjen . III. *j on aepen .111. -j septep hip mete • bo )?up .villi, mht len; ;ip him )?eapp fie. jip mon bi)? a)?unben ete puban *j bpmee he bi]? hal. :• PiJ? majan peepce puban faeb *j epic feolpop eceb bep;en on neaht nepti;. 6pt jmb on eceb y on psetep polleian pele bpmean fona p pap tojlit. . LXX. Vi}? pambe peepce opjeot polleian bpince *j pume bm be to ]?am napolan • pite ;eo^ne p fio pypt: ape; ne ajlibe pona bi)> pel. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. III. 357 put them into a pan, pour a mickle bowl full of ale upon them ; boil half, rub fine twenty libcorns, put them into it; this is a good drink against the devil. lxviii. A light drink for the wood heart; lupin, bishop- wort, enchanters nightshade, helenium, cropleek, hind- beal, ontre, clote. Take these worts when day and night divide; sing first in church a litany, and a Credo, and a Pater noster, with the song go to the worts, go thrice around them, before thou touch them ; and go again to church, sing twelve masses over the worts when thou hast poured — 1 over them. lxix. 1. If a mans stomach be soured and swollen ; take holly leaves, two mickle hands full, scrape them very small, boil them in milk till they be pretty tender, pick them out by a bit at a time ; then let the man eat six bits, in a morning three, and in evening three, and after his meat. Thus do for nine days, longer if need be. 2. If a man be swollen, let him eat rue and drink it; he will be well. 3. For pain of maw; let the man taste at night fasting, seed of rue, and quicksilver, and vinegar. Again, rub pulegium into vinegar and into water, give the 'man to drink, soon the soreness glideth away. lxx. I. For wamb wark ; drench in 2 pulegium, and let him drink it and bind some to his navel, and let him earnestly beware that the wort do not glide away. Soon he will be well. 1 Not mentioned ; to be supplied 2 The liquid is not mentioned, from above. Book HI. Ch. lxvii. Digitized by Google 358 L.ECE BOC. Pip majan psepce pubu pifclep pone jpenan 1 meaph pe bip on )jam heapbe pele him etan mib hatan ele. Uip pambe heapbneppe jeclsenfa jipcopn jmb on cealb psetep pele him bpincan. . LXXI. J)ip fpprnje jmb paluian pip hunij fmipe mib Sona bip pel 6 ft pypc pealpe mm hanb pnlle fppinj pypte • *j hanb pulle pejbpyeban • *j hanb pulle majpan • fol. 127 b. hanb pulle nrSepeapbe boccan paepe pe fpimman pille on butpan alilyttpe p pealt op *j p pam bo hpon hunijep to enjlipcep • bo op ep pyp apyl • ponne hit pealle- finj . III. patep noptep opep bo ept op fm 5 ponne .vmi. fipuin pateji noptep on *j ppipa apyl fpa jelome op abo lacna mib pippan. . LXXII. Vip paepe jeolpan able opjeot pap pypte mib fpipe beope • pibban hanb pulle • epic pmba hanb pulle . vim. fnseba nipepeapbpe mpeppotan • *j . vim. nipepeapbpe eolenan. 6pt bile • celenbpe • Saluian msept pyl on fpipum beope p hit fie piece • ^ jpene • mm mpepeajibe eolenan jefmp on humj etc fpa man^e fnseba fpa he maeje jebpmce psep bpencep pcenc pulne mptep eal $ pmc ete pceapen plaepc *j nan opep. . LXXIII. ^ip men fie mnelpe ute jeenua jalluc appinj puph clab on cu peapme meolce • paet pine hanba paep pn *j jebo $ mnelpe on pone man jefeope mib feolce pyl him ponne jalliic .vim. mopjnaf butan him lenj peapp fie peb hme mib pepfee haenne plsepc * * * * * * # 1 The MS. has a stop after spenan. Digitized by Google LEECH BOOK. II L 359 2. For maw pain ; give the man to eat the green Bookiii. marrow which is in the head of a wood thistle, with Ch.lxx. hot oil 3. For hardness of wamb ; cleanse githcorns, rub them fine into cold water, give to the man to drink. lxxi. Against carbuncle ; rub sage with honey, smear there- with, soon he will be well. Again, work a salve, take a hand full of spring wort, and a hand full of way broad and a hand full of maythe, and a hand full of the netherward part of dock, that namely which will swim ; boil in butter, clear off the salt and the foam, add a little English honey, put over a fire, boil it; when it boileth sing three Pater nosters over it , remove it again, then sing nine Pater nosters, aud boil it thrice, and so frequently ; remove it, and after that cure with it lxxii. 1. For the yellow disease ; souse these worts in strong beer, of ribwort a hand full, of quickbeam rind a hand full, nine bits of the netherward part of ashthroat, and nine of the lower part of helenium. 2. Again, boil dill, coriander, most of sage, in strong beer, that it may be thick and green ; take the nether- ward part of helenium, cut it up into honey, let the patient eat as many bits as he can ; let him drink after it a cup full of the drink, as above; and all the time let him eat sheep flesh and none other. lxxiii If a mans bowel be out, pound galluc, wring through a cloth into milk warm from the cow, wet thy hands therein, and put back the bowel into the man, sew up with silk, then boil him for nine mornings galluc, that is, comfrey, except need be for a longer time, feed him with fresh hens flesh. Digitized by Google 360 LEECH BOOK. III. Perhaps one folio is missing . There is some writing along the margin of the last page, the few readable syllables of "which are unin- telligible. bila bpa binb p pob pi A Byp in ip bjien. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. Digitized by Digitized by GLOSSARY. The following glossary relies almost entirely upon original authorities; upon a collation of the manu- script ancient extant glossaries with their printed editions, which have been falsified by ignorant con- jectures ; and upon a careful examination of many Saxon volumes never yet published. No reliance has been placed on modern productions, in the way of dictionaries ; they will be found full of errors . 1 Every article either supplies a deficiency or corrects an error ; but our limits will not admit of the insertion of every correction prepared for the press. Corrections were, of course, to be accompanied by their proofs, and this adds to the length of the various articles. Some refer to genders or declensions or terminations, for an exact knowledge of our Oldest English is impossible, as long as students are deceived on these elementary points. The most important printed texts of Saxon works have been collated from beginning to end, letter by letter, with the original manuscripts. The modern editions in particular are, sometimes, very faulty. In the names of plants the reader will observe that a name, however wrong, is within its own bounds, still 1 See Shrine (Williams and Norgate). Digitized by Goc >le 364 GLOSSARY. a name. Mistakes often thrive, and even overpower a true old tradition. Many decided spirits would have all error thrown over, but to do so, would render our collection less complete. The order of the letters is so arranged that K goes with C, Y with I, and J?orn is last of all. Digitized by Google 365 TABLE OF CONTE ACTION S. PRINTED BOOKS. AS.G. ASlfirics Grammar, ed. Somner, quoted by pages and lines. A.R. Adrian and Ritheus, ed. Kem- ble, by pages. A.W. Alfreds Will, reprint 1828, by pages. Bw. Beowulf, ed. Grandtvig, col- lated with MS., by lines. Cffid. Caedmon, if Caedmon, by the pages and lines of the ori- ginal MS. C.D. Codex Diplomatics, by num- bers. C. E. Codex Exoniensis, by pages, ed. Thorpe. Ch. Charms, Leechdoms, Vol. I. DD. (Dooms) Laws and Institutes, ed. 1840, by pages. Dief. Glossarium Diefenbachii. D. R. Durham Ritual, by pages. F.F. Fight at Finnesburg, ed. Thorpe. G. Goodwins Andrew and Vero- nix. GtS. Goodwins Gu'Slac. Hb. Herbarium, Leechdoms, Vol. I., by articles. Horn. JElfrics Homilies, ed. Thorpe. Lb. Leechbook, Leechdoms, Vol. H., by chapters. M. Mones Glossaries in Quellen und Forschungen, von F. J. Mone, 1830. M.Sp. Mannings Supplement to Lye, paged for the purpose, from Testamentum Elfhelmi, page 1. N. Narratiunculffi, 1861. (Russell Smith.) O.cl. O clerice, in preface to Leech- doms, Vol. I. p. lviii. O.T. Orosius, ed. Thorpe, by pages and lines. Quad, Medicina de Quadrupedibus, Leechdoms, Vol. L RunL The Runlioft, or Runelay, quoted by articles. SH. Shrine, where some Saxon pieces are printed. S.S. Solomon and Saturn, ed. Kem- ble. SSpp. Spoon and Sparrow, for ety- mology. Digitized by Google 366 TABLE OF CONTRACTIONS. IN MANUSCRIPT. Generally cited by folios . xii.Ab. De xii. Abusivis. MS. C.C.C. BL. Blooms, or Flores Soliloquio* rum. D.G. Dialogues of Gregorius, MS. C.C.C. The treatise rrcpl didd(cwv, in Leechdoms, Yol. HI. F.D. De Falsis Dis. MS. C.C.C. F. L. Fourth Leechdoms, for pub- lication in Leechdoms, Yol. in. G. D. Dialogues of Gregorius, MS- Cotton. HID. Liber deHida. Lacn. Lacnunga, in Vol. IIL of Leechdoms, by articles. M.H. Minster Homilies of JElfric, except Sigewulfi respon- siones, de xii. Abusivis, and de Falsis Dis. P.A. The Liber Pastoralis of King ASlfred, MS. Hatt. K.M. Rule of Mynchens. Sc. Liber Scintillarum. SMD. Somnionun Diversitas. GLOSSARIES. Gl. Brux. A Brussels Glossary, printed by Mone, p. 314, by Thorpe, unpublished, p. 36, by Wright, p. 62. Gl. C. An early Glossary in MS. Gl. Dun. An old Glossary in the library of the cathedral at Durham. The compiler had used the Saxon Herbarium, as in Lactuca leporina. Gl.E. Glossaries printed by Eckhart, in Commentarii de rebus Franciae Orientalis, Wirce- burgi, fol., 1729, 2 vols. Gl.Hoffin. Althochdeutsche Glossen, von A. H. Hoffmann, 1826. Gl. M. A manuscript on vellum, the property of Rev. W. D. Macray. Gl. M.M. Glossary of Moyen Moutier, printed, but unpublished. Mone. Glossaries printed by Mone, in Quellen und Forschungen, Aachen und Leipsig, 8vo., 1830. The herb glossary fetches from. Hb. Used MS. B. N. Bakers Northamptonshire Gl. Gl. Prud. Glossary on Prudentius, printed but unpublished. Gl. R. J unius transcript of the Rubens MS. Glossary, MS. Gl. Somn. The Glossaries printed by Somner, in Dictionarium Saxonico - ^Latino- Anglicum. Oxonii, fol., 1659, printed with errors from Gl. R. Other manuscript Glossaries numbering about fifteen. Digitized by AjOOQle GLOSSARY A. A, as prefix, is a shorter form of— 1. And, as in abidan, for andbidan. 2. On, as in among, for onmang, and aweg, for onweg, % both of which are oc- casionally parallel MS. readings. See MH. 115 a, with var. lect. 3. Un, as in atynan, open, for untynan. 4. Of, as in acalan for ofcalan. Horn. II. 248. 5. Embe, as in ymbutan, abutan, and by apokope buton. 6. Ge, as in alefed, for gelefed. Acumba, -an, masc.? oakum , stupa. Cf. “ Coarse fibres among wool are kemps,” Gl. N. Putamina, acuman, mcumba, Gl. Mone, p. 398 a, p. 407 a, as consisting of coarse fibres. Nd0a is an approxi- mation only, explained in SH. p. 10. Similarly “Napta, genus fomenti, i.e. « tyndir,” Gl. M.M. p. 159 b. Acumba in ashes seems administered as a sub- stitute for 'ZkoZiov. Lib. I. i. 15 ; xxxiii. 1 ; xlvii. 3. JE, as a prefix, is commonly a shorter form of JE?, which answers to the Latin Ob, in the sense of annoyance, as in Officere and the like. Thus JEbylgan, JEcyrf. Bed. 552, 1. 13 ; JEmod. JE c, Ac, gen. -e, fem., oak , quercus robur . Sume ac astah, Ilom. II. 150, got up into an oak . Of ^aere ifcc, C.D. 570, p. 78. beop ac, JE.G. 7, 48. Gen. Ace, JEc—con t. Lb. I. xxxviii. 11. Vowels dropped, C.D. 588, 624, etc. Gen. pi. Acana, C.D. 126. 2. As a letter of the alphabet the same word is masc., gen. -es. Acap tpejen heejelap ppa pome, C.E. 429, two As and two Hs along with them. JEcelma, gen. an, masc.? a chilblain, mula. Gl. Mone, p. 359 b. “ Mula est quaedam “ infirmitas in homine qum uocatur “ gybehos,” Gl. Harl. 3388, that is, kibe of heel. In Italian, “ mule, kibes, chil- “ blanes ” (Florio). In French, “ mule, “ a kibe ’’(Cotgrave). Palagra, aecilma, Gl. Cleop., where understand podagra and footsore. The word is compounded of JE for JEy, signifying annoyance, cel, chill, and the participial man. SSpp., art. 943. iEdre, vein, vena , gen. both -e, and -an, fem., Lb. L i. 13; II. xviii.; II. xxxii., etc. lib. iy. 4. On oJ>ram monbe ba ccdron beoS geworden, N. p. 49, in the second month the veins are formed. S.S. 148, 192. 2. pL kidneys , renes. K.M. 69, a. lib. lxxxri. 3; cxix. 3. Paris Ps. cxxxviil 11. 3. In the sense of water spring found neut b®t wmterasddre, perhaps by at- traction. Horn. II. 144. Ealle eor^an scddre onsprungon ongean bam heofon- lican flode. MS. C.C.C. 419, p. 42. yEfertfe, gen. -an, fem.? an herb unknown. Lb. I, xxxiii. 2, etc. Digitized by Google 368 GLOSSARY. ^Sgwyrt, gen* -e, fem., eggwort , dande- lion , leontodon taraxacum ; like Germ. Eyerblume, from the round form of the pappus. Lacn. 40. JElftibenne, from celf, elf, and sido, masc. manners, as Boet. p. 45, 1. 21 , p. 131, 1. 10, often taken in a good sense as morals. Lb. I. lxiv. The termination -en, like -potu — cont. even down to Ray, and the angelicas are also large and hollow. Throat seems to imply hollowness, and Ash either size or similar leaves. The fennel giant is, however, men- tioned in the life of St. Godric as affording walking staves for pilgrims, (A.D. 1159), p. 163. JEsmaelum, dat. pi., a disease of the eye, contraction of the pupil, oculorum immi- nutio . 44 Evenit etiam ut oculi, vel ambo 44 vel singuli, minores fiant quam esse 44 naturaliter debeant.” Celsns, VI. vi. 14. 44 Pupilla? malum est, quum an- 44 gustior ac obscurior rugosiorque effi- 44 citur.” Actuarius, 184, c. Lb. I. 2, and contents. A comp, of -®, for JES, implying mischief, and Smml. JEJ>eIfep v 5in5pypt, fem., gen. -e, stichwort , stellar ia holostca , with s. graminea. ACbelpepflmcpyjit in Hb. lxiii. 7, trans- lates 44 agrimoniam,” and lxxviii. 1, 44 argemonitis.” See Plinius, xxvi. 59. 44 Agrimonia alpha, eathelferthing vyrt 44 vel glofvyrt,” Gl. Dun. 44 Alfa, aatfel- 44 jrepbingpypt,” Gi. Somn., p. 64 b, 7. Some supposed agrimonia to be stich- wort, though as the translator of the Her- barium had called it sapclipe, a very appropriate name, we should not have expected this uncertainty from him. 44 Agrimonia, jT ,c Pyp c »” GL Somn. p. 64 a, 65. In Lacn. 29, »J>elpep , Sins- pype is glossed 44 auis lingua.” 44 Lingua 44 avis . i . pigle, stichwort,” Gi. M. 44 Lin- 44 gua auis . i . pigle,” Gl. Rawi. C. 607. 44 Lingua auis, stichewort,” Gl. Sloane, 5. The name describes the leaves. AfreotSan, to froth. Lb. I. xlvii. 2. Ahwsenan, prset. ede, p.p. ed, to trouble, contristare. Hb, xx. 7, where Lat. con- tristatus. “Heroffbe lauedies to me mene>, An wel sore me ahweneb, Wei neh min heorte wule tochine, Hwon ich beholde hire pine. Owl and Nightingale, 1562. Of this the ladies to me moan, and pretty sorely distress me ; well nigh my VOL. II. Ahwaenan — cont heart will break (tocinan), when I behold their pain. Vcan ppeppian ahptenebe T hypean opmobe, MS. C.C.C. 419, p. 246. Let us comfort the distressed and encou- rage the despairing. Cf. DD. 139, xlvii. Alehpan, to lather. Lb. I. liv. See Leaftor. It is for Gelebpan. Alor, Air, gen. -es, masc., the alder , ednus glutinosa. Lb. I. ii. 14 ; alres, Lb. II. li. 3 ; masc. C.D. 376. Ananbeam, gen. -es, masc., the spindle tree, euonymus Europceus. Lb. L xxxii. 4. Germ, anisbaum. 44 panabeam, fusa- 44 num, spindle tree , pricktimber .” Som- ner Lex. 44 Fusarius, uuananbeam,” Gl. M.M. Anapypm, Ons worm , masc. Lb I. xlvi. 1. In the Ynglinga Saga, Anasott is said to have taken its name from On, a king of Sweden, who prolonged his own life by sacrificing from time to time one of his sons to Woden. Si'S an andseftist en konungr, ok er hann heygflr at Uppse- lum. pat er si$an kellut Anasott er ma’br deyr verklaus af elli. Heims- kringla, Ynglinga S. xxix. Then ex- pired king On, and was buried at Up sal. It was afterwards called On-sickness , when a man dies from old age, witlwut agony. That the former element in Anapypm, Anasott, is the same cannot be doubtfiiL Anppilbe, unique (unicus, singularis ). Lb. I. ii. 9. Cf. Zwispild, geminus, biformis. (Graff.) Antre. See Ontre. Lb. II. li. Arendan. Lb. II. lii. Argesweorf, gen. -es, brass filings. Lb. I. xxxiv. 1. See Gesweorf Arod, an herb, probably arum, ''Apov. Lb. IIL xlii. Lacn. 2. Thus Cymed for Cymen. Ap 6m, copperas. The reading of the MS. in Lb. II. xv. is 6ap 6m, translating perh x a ^ K< ^ y ^ 0V Aelov (icol plAirt oAtytp &vaAa&wv). XdAicavBos is green vitriol. But it is also brass rust , cerugo , and the A A Digitized by Google 370 GLOSSARY. Ap 6m — cont. true reading may be ap om. The word copperas is commonly used for either the green rust of copper, or the green vitriol with which the kitchenmaid cleans brass pans; from its ambiguity it was con- venient. Aeiov points to the levigated rust Asaru, asarabacca, asarum Europceum. Lb. II. xiv. Foies foot is Tussilago far- fara. Asiftan, to sift. Lb. I. ii. 20. Aslawen, struck , stricken, from aplean, for + aplagan, a collateral form. Contents, Lb. I. lvi.=arlagen in text So cnucan becomes cnupan, cnuan. Asprindlad, ripped up and spanned open . with tenter hooks. Lb. IL xxiv. From 8prindel, tenticum, Gl. C., a tenter hook. Cf. Spreissein, Schmeller, Bayerisches Worterbuch, IY. p. 593. Atpum, a Latin word, Smymium olusa- tmm. Lb. L ii. 20, etc. Ateopla)>e, gen. -an ; “ venom -loather,” panicum crus galli. In Hb. xlv. attop- lahe is galli crus, and were there doubt, it seems removed by MSS. G. T. A., which draw the p. sanguinale , Linn., now called digitaria sanguinalis . These two grasses are included together in the “ cocksleg,” hahnenbein of the Germans. The corresponding article in MS. Bod- ley, 130, gives the name'sanguinaria, and . the old gloss is Blobwrt, with a later of the 14th century, “Blodwerte.” San- guinaria is often glossed as shepherds purse, thlaspi or capsella bursa pastoris, or as tormentilla, these being esteemed . stanchers of blood, or as polygonum ; but in this instance it must be as above, d. sanguinalis. With these testimonies it is vain to consider how such virtue was attributed to a grass. Did they confuse panicum with panacea ? The glossaries give no real help. “Atrilla, “ attorlathe,” Gl. Dun., where atrilla seems to be aeroplane with a Latin ter- mination. “ Astrilla,” Gl. Sloane, 146. Atcopla>e — cont. “ Cyclaminos, attorlathe,” id., but cycla- men is in Herbarium “ slite.” “ Gralli “ crus, attorlathe,” id., a quotation from our book. “Fenifuga, attorlathe,” id., un- derstand venenifuga, a translation of the Saxon word. “Venenifuga, attepla>e,” Gl. Somner, p. 66 [63] b. 27. “ Morelia, a atterlohe,” Gl. Harl. 978, but morella is atropa belladonna, and poisonous itself. Acepla'Se, betonica. Lye, from a Gl. ; but betony and attorlothe are separately named in Lb. I. i. 15. The claims of asclepias vincetoxicum are set aside by its being a foreign plant. The heal all of the old Dansk, Laukr, has no support from our authorities. Lye prints, by some error, sattorlahe also. The small attorlothe occurs in Lb. I. xlv. 6. Aurugo is interpreted by Du Cange la jaunisse , the jaundice. This rendering is supported by the etymon aurum, gold, and by authority ; aurugo, color in auro, sicut in pedibus accipitris , i . gelesouck , Gl. E. vol. ii. p. 992 a, the colour one sees in gold, as in a hawks feet , the yellow sickness. Gelisuhtiger, ictericus, auruginosus , Graff, vol. vi. col. 142. Our text, however, interprets aurugo, as a tugging or drawing of the sinews, Hb. Perhaps this may be explained by ob- serving that auriginosns , is glossed ar- cuatus, Du Cange ; auruginosus, ar- cuatus, Gl. Isid. Not very differently from our text ; “ Artuatus, pybmyole “ abl,” Gl. R. p. 11, ult., read arcuatus and it may be, S eol e, or muscle; whence"] it might well be supposed that dvia&trovos was meant, a term ap- plied to bows, bent back the opposite way to their natural curvature, especially true of horn bows, Gortynia cornua, and to persons suffering under that extreme form of tetanus, in which the feet and head are drawn back till they touch. Aurigo is also, r in Apul. Ixxxvii., morbus regius, which was another mediaeval name for the jaundice ; Graff, vol. vi.. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 371 Aurugo — cont. 141. Grafts mark of interrogation at the word Gelbsucht, would be removed by the publication of our texts. A>pepan, f ->peap, -J>upen, turn, coagu- late . See ppepan. Lb. I. xlv. 5. Abyn, press. Lb. I. viii. 2. His eyes *p psepon utaftybe op bam eahhpingum, MH. 98 b, were before thrust out of their sockets. See pyn. B. Ban — 1. A bone. 2. A leg , neut., pi. ban. Lb. I. i. 15 ; L xxvi. ; II. li., where it is leg , so Csedm. ? Daniel, MS. p. 195, 5. Pseudo Csedm. H.H. MS. p. 223, 20, their legs failed them. “ Tibialis, banpypt,” Gl. M.M. Banpypt, fem., gen. in -e. 1 . bonewort , viola , not blue voilet, but viola lac tea, white violet , and v. lutea, Heartsease. In Hb. clii. 1, bonewort is in the Latin version of Dioskorides, (not ex- isting in the Hellenic) “ viola alba : ” in Hb. clxv. it is also distinguished from viola purpurea in art. clxvi. Lb. I. i. 15. 2. Beilis perennis , daisy , beegep eage ; but at a period latto^han our text ; and ' perhaps by error. “ Consolida minor, “ daysey, venwort, idem bonewort,” Gl. Harl. 3388. “ Consolida minor . i . bon- “ wert,” Gl.M. “Consolida minor, days- “ ype,” Gl. Bodley, 178. “Consolida “ minor. Daysei is an herbe bat sum “ men callet hembrisworte ober bone- “ wort,” Gl. Douce, 290. “ Consolida “ minor, i .petit comferi.anglice dayis- “ hege . habet florem album,” Gl. Raw- linson, c. 607. Benwort, daisy, (Dick- insons Cumberland Gl. in add.) 3. Erythrcea centaureum , if we trust “ centaurea minor, banpjpt,” Gl. Somn., p. 64 b, 18. The wort is said to have cpoppan, bunches, either racemes or Banpypt — cont. umbels or cimes, which applies better to this lesser centaury than to heartsease or to daisy. Lb. IT. li. 2. 4. “ Filia aurea, banpypt.” Gl. Cleop. Fila aurea, Solidago virgaurea t Bot., sometimes called consolida Saracenica. Baftian, to batke t is to be distinguished from Beftian, to beathe or warm. In the Lb. MS. fol 92 a, the penman first had written e, but this he erased to put a. But as the old idea of a bath did not include cold water, the words are nearly allied. Belene, beolene, gen. -an, fem. ? henbaney hyoscyamus niger. Hb. v. Lb. I. ii. 22 ; I. iii. 3. Another name is henne belle, from itp bell shaped capsules, which are drawn in MS. V., and from them the name belene, seems derived ; belle, a bell; beMen, furnished with bells ; and the final e is the usual final distinctive form of names of worts. The modern name henbane is independent, and derived from its poisonous qualities; another is henne- pol, with the same sense. Beopc, barky latratus. Hb. Ixvii. 2. Ge- beopc, Sc. 55 b. A3.G. 2, 44. Beor'Sor, byrftor, gen. -res. 1 . the embryo , foetus. Quad. iv. 4 ; Bed. 493, 40. “ F pumum pcmenbum yelba yaefcpe Seblopen, M.H. 99 b, Till they came to a shining plain, fair and blooming (“ fairly blown ”). C.E. 199, 200, etc. Bogen. See Bot$en, convertible, Lb. p. 310, note. Lb. IIL iv. xxvi. xxx. lxiL 1. Box, neut, ? Lb. IL lix. 14. tobpocenum pealyboxe, Mark xiv. 3. Buxus, box tpeop. Buxum, jropcapuen box, ASG. 5, ult It is therefore direct from the late Latin, and seems to follow its gender. Boften, gen. -ep ; probably wild thyme, thy- mus serpyllum. BoJ>enej% Lb. III. iv. In Hb. lxxxi. bo'Sen is rosemary, which is a native of the south of Europe. In Hb. cxlix. it is employed to translate thyme, and this is native to England. “ Lolium, boben,” Gl. Somn., p. 77 a, but darnel is not to the unskilled eye at all like thyme and rosemary ; it seems however to be considered only as a mean herb by the glossator. The drawing in MS. V., fol. 39 d, has not simple leaves as for either rose- mary or thyme it should have (H.), but it may be the artists view of either. “ Rosmarinus, sundeav vel bothen vel 44 feld medere,” Gl. Dun. “ Rosmarinus, “ sundeaw,” Gl. Mone, p. 322 b. ; this is a failure to translate ros marinus as sea dew ; our sundew or drosera is wholly different. In MS. Bodley, 130, there is no drawing of rosmarinus, but a hand of the 14th century has glossed the article “ feld modere;” this seems to come of very careless observation. “ Rosmari- “ num, feld maedere,” Gl. Mone, p. 322 a. White bothen is great daisie, says Gerarde. Bpea’5, brittle. Hb. cxl. 1 . etdpavoros. Bpecan, verb reflexive, bpecan hme, make an effort to spew . Lb. H. lit 1. Bpecan — cont. “ Brakyn or castyn or spewe, vomo “ evomo,” Prompt. Parv. “ Braky nge or “ parbrakynge, vomitus , evomitus,” id. Bpebe? a particolour ed cloth; mib bpebe. Lb. IIL ii. 1 . Cl Bpaebelp, stragulum , Gl. in Lye. Cf. Bpj^jb, C.E. 218, line 9. Bre^ben, C.E. 219, line 13. Bjiegban, prat bpaeb, p. part, bpogben, to do anything with a sudden jerk or start . Lb. H. 1L 3. etc. Bpypepypr, fern., gen. -e, pimpernel, ana- gallis. “ Anagallis, brisewort,” Gl. Raw- linson, c. 506. Gl. Harl. 3388. Leech- doms, vol. I. p. 374. 2. Beilis perennis,'MS.'La,\i®pe gob- ppelhcan ppetnyppe,StGu’51ac, cap. xvii. = p. 72, 1. 7. Gen. -ep. Lb. I. i. 17. C®ppe, gen. -an, fem. ? cress , water cress , nasturtium officinale. The drawings in Y. A. have opposite leaves and a stout tripartite terminal fruit or inflorescence, so that they are “ most like caper spurge, “ euphorbia lathyris,” (H.) But the op- posite leaves with a racemose arrange- ment of the flowers, which latter may be seen in MS. T., is sufficient for us, with the synonym in Hb. xxi. “ Nasturtium.” In MS. G. is a gloss, “ Cart chresse,” where the former word may stand for udpb afAov, cress. The drawing in MS. G. is a good deal like the herb, and that in MS. T. is meant for it. “Cardamon, “ cearse,” Gl. Dun. Tun c«ppe, garden cress , lepidium sativum ; Dutch, Tuinkers. Camecon, cammockf which see. Lb. L xlvii. 3. C£ Hleomoc, Hleomocan. Cammoc, Commuc, gen. -ep. 1. Sulfur wort , harestrang , peucedanum qfficinale , Hb. art xcvi., and so drawn MS. V. fol. 45 a. Peucedanum, gl. dogge fenell, MS. Bodley, 130, adding “ or balde- “ monie,” which is gentian. “Peuee- “ danum, cammok,” GL M. ; Gl. Dun., dog fenell (Grete Herbal). The fine linear leaves are meant in a bad drawing in MS. HarL 5294, where is gl. hand fenell. Peucedanum is harstrang in Hollands Plinius (index, vol. ii.), and in Dutch and German, and in Cotgrave. Harestrong is peucedanum officinale in Mylnes Indigenous Botany, 1793. Peu- ke danum was also rightly read as hogs fennel \ in a Welsh Gl. of the 13th cen- tury (Meddygon Myddfai, p. 291). The name fennel is derived from its linear leaves. The genitive. Lb. HI. xxx. 2. Anonis , rest harrow , Gl. Harl. 3388. Gl. Arundel, 42. Gerarde. Gl. Sloane, 405. Gl. Dorsetshire, Culpeper. See Cammoc whin, which is the correct word. 3. Hypericum, also pulicaria dysenterica , also senecio Iacobcca ; Gl. New Forest. Cammoc whin, rest harrow , anonis , MS. Laud. 553, fol. 18. The leaves are ter- nate like those of the true cammock. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 375 Cappuc, gen. in -ep, masc., hassock , aira cotspitosa. Lb. III. lxii., lxiii., lxiv. Hassuc, masc., C.D. 655. Cf. Nemnich. A confirmation in Lacn. 79. Caulic, gen. -ep, a medicine of which two or three drops are prescribed, Lb. II. lii. 3, perhaps ko>\uc6w, ko\uc6v . Capel, masc., colewort , brassica oleracca , Lb. III. xii.y xliv. Ceac, gen. -es, masc., a jug , uma: pi. cea- cap. Bed. p. 520, 1. 6, with Smiths note, p. 97. Lb. Lii. 11. Horn. I. 428. 2. Laver of the temple of Solomon ; luter, \ovrkp. P.A. 21b. Cealpe, ceolpe, ceolbpe, acc. -e, nom. pi. -as, masc., pressed curds , curds crumbled and pressed into a cake . 44 Calmaria, “ cealpe j Caluiale, cealepbpip,” Gl. Cleop. 44 Muluctra, ceolbpe,” GL C. The dat. occurs. Lb. I. xxxix., acc. I. xliv. 1. Lacn. 57, pL Ai5a£. 51. Compare Germ. Gallerte, fem., jelly. Ceaptep aepc. See ASpc. Ceaptep pypc, fem., gen. -e, black helle- bore , helleborus niger. Lb. I. xxxix. 2. Cebelc, Mercurialis perennis. Hb. lxxxiv. from the text and drawings. 44 Mercuri- “ alis, cedelc vel merce,” GL Dun., where the insertion of marche or celery arose from its similarity to the first syllable in mercurialis. 14 Mercurialis, cebelc. 44 cyplic,” GL Mone, p. 320 b ; but the tradition of our people forbids us to be- lieve that mercury is charlock. Celenbpe, fem., gen. -an, coriander , conun- drum sativum. Lb. L iii. 9. Also celen- bep, Lb. I. iv. 2, probably after the Latin and neuter ; dat. -bpe, Lb. L xxxv. Celebenie, celebonie, cy lexeme, fem., gen. -an, celandine , chelidonium maius , by English tradition. But Glaucium luteum is the peya of Dioskorides, according to Sprengel. The drawing in MS. Y. foL 38 a, is meant perhaps for chelidonium maius (H.) Hb. lxxv. Lb. L ii. 2, and often. Cepplle, cypplle, fem., gen. -an ; garden chervil , anthriscus cerefolium , Bot. Cepplle — cont. ^ubucepplle, wild chervil, anthriscus silvestris, Lb. II. li. 4. Lacn. 62. Seo peabe pubu pile, Lacn. 68. ^ubu cepplle, Hb. lxxxvi., is in both places sparagia agrestis , wild asparagus , or as- paragus acuti/olius , Linn. Asparagus agrestis , becomes eoptf napola, Hb. cxxvi. 2, by neglecting agrestis . Sparagia gres- tis, vude cearfille. Sparago, nefle, GL Dun. Cicel, masc., a cake . Germ. Euchen, masc., a cake. Quadr. ix. 17. Lb. L xlvL 2. “ Buccella,” GL in Lye ; masc. Lacn. 44. A iba^. 63, 21. A word Btill in use ; Moores Suffolk words, Bakers Northants Gl. Kersey. 44 A flat triangular cake.'* Moore. Cicena mete, masc., gen. -ep, chickenmeat, chickweed, stellaria media , formerly called alsine media, Linn. Hippia minor, etc. 44 Ispia minor, [ read Hippia'], chyken- 44 mete,” GL Bawl. c. 607. 44 Ipia minor, 44 chykynmete album florem [habet].’* GL HarL 3388. Similarly, Gl. M., Gl. SI., 1571. 44 Modera,” Gl. Dun. Muronis, GL Brux. Cymeb for Cymen ? n and d being kindred dentals. Lb. L xxxix. 2. Lye con- jectured for chamaedrys, germander. Cymen, neut (as Lb. II. xliv.), cummin , KvfjLivov, cuminum cyminum , a foreign plant. Kincean, Lb. L xvi. 1. I find 44 Kinnock, 44 the artichoke, cynara scolymos,” (Nemnich). 44 Cariscus, kinhbeam,” Gl. Sloane, 146. “Cariscus, cpicbeam,” Gl. Somner, p. 64 b, 54, all agree that the quickbeam is the (sorbus or) pirus au - cuparia. The reader will suspect I should have read kuihbeam, but the MS. marks the i. 44 Virecta, cincae,” Gl. M.M. In these times virecta are green shoots, as in Vita Godrici, p. 43, line 1, applying well to the parts of the arti- choke that are eaten. Kinphen, grem- sich, GL Mone, p. 289 a, and Grensing, Digitized by Google 376 GLOSSARY. Kincean — cont. nymphcea , Graff. GL Mone, p. 290 b, 6, corrected. The spelling qince in Lacn, 4, makes us suspect quince . Cypnel, masc., gen. -ep, kernel of a nnt. “ Nucli, cypnlap,” Gl. Cleop. foL 66 a, read nuclei. Cypnel, neut, pi. cypneiu, kernel \ hard glandular swelling , churnel , grumus. Hb. iv. 2, 3 ; xiv. 2 ; lxxv. 5. Cyplybb, neuter? rennet , Quad. iv. 14. See Lib. Rennet is the substance which turns milk to curd, for which purpose is often used a calfs stomach; hapan cyplyb implies that the stomach of a hare or leveret would have the same effect. Otherwise cypgepunn, Collo- quium, p. 28 ; not caseus, nor yet a cheese, but rennet. Unlibban is other- wise declined, Horn. IL 604 ; lyb is in GL C.C.C. Cf. Lacn. 18. Claeppe, gen. -an, fern. ? clover, trifolium pratense , Lb. I. xxi. Amid a wilderness of confusion, the ternate leaves of the figure in MS. Bodley, 130, at Hb. lxx. ; the close relationship between hares foot and clover in the old herbals, as Lytes, the similarity of the drawings in MS. Y. at art lxx. and art lxiL ; a comparison of the drawings of clover, art lxx., and hart clover, art xxv., have convinced me that I have rightly determined the worts meant by Dap an hi£e and Clseppe. Klpaiov to which claippe is equivalent, Hb. lxx., was in Dioskorides a pappose plant, carduus parviflorus (Sprengel). Lindley makes cirsium a cynaraceous genus. The trifolium pratense or purple clover is in German Kleber, Klever, Kleve, and -klee, Rothe-, Gemeiner- and Brauner- Wiesen-klee ; in Dutch Roode klaver, etc. ; in Dansk Rod-klever, etc. ; in Swedish Klofver, etc. The drawing in MS. Y. Hb. lxx. by itself u won't do for “ Trifolium ; corresponds as far as it “ goes with Thymus serpyllum,” (H.) J. Grimm makes cleeppe clover . Clace, fern., gen. -an ; 1. The greater, the burdock, arctium lappa. “ Blitum vel “ lappa, clace/’ Gl. Somn. p. 66 [63] b, 30. u Bardane la grande, the burrdock, “ slote [ read clote] burr, great burr,” Cotgrave. “ Bardona .i . cletes . vel burres “ secundum aliquos,” Gl. RawL c. 607. “ Elixis . i . lappa bardana . i . clote,” GL Harl. 3388. “ Lappa maior. i .bardana, clote,” Gl. Harl. 3388. 2. The lesser ; clivers , goosegrass , catchweed , little bur, galium aparine. “Amorfolia, clace,” Gl.Somn. p. 66 [63] b, 44, that is, love leaves, from cleaving to passengers ; so GL Dun. Hb. clxxiv. MS. O. The drawing, MS. V. fol. 64, is “ a very neat representation of aspe- “ rula odorata,” (H.), but the asperula is not a burr plant, and the nearly akin G. Aparine must have been in the draughtsmans intention. It is called unse, fem., gen. in -e, also -an, cloffing , ranunculus sceleratus , Hb. ix. In MS. G. the true herb is drawn ; in MS. A. the flowers are at least yellow, with five petals ; but in MS. V. fol. 21 a, all likeness is lost, pung is poison , elup- is clove , the tuberous root ; as of some of this tribe. Clup- hungan, Hb. cx. 3, where the Latin again makes the wort a ranunculus. 44 Mortali veneno, mid settrigere cluf- “ bunge,” Gl. Mone, p. 349 b, an erro- neous version ; but an example of the feminine. “ Scelerata herba vel apium “ risus, anglice cIoftong, ,, Gl. Sloane, 405. “ Scelerata, gl. cloftunge,” MS. Bodley, 130. “As yellow as a claut,” that is, marsh ranunculus (Wilts.). 14 Batra- “ chium,” Gl. Brux. “Cicuta, eloftunke,” Gl. Ilarl. 3388, an error, cicuta is hemlock ; the poi- sonous quality misled the writer. 44 Cloffing, the plant hellebore.” Halli- well and the English Macer, MS. in Prompt. Parv., vol. i. p. 198 ; a similar error occurs, Lb. I. i. 7. Cluypypr, clovewort , fem., gen. -e, ranun- cuius acris . In MS. G. the figure is that of ranunculus as in 44 scelerata,” but here the root is tuberous, so MS. T., but less well ; MS. A. preserves a resemblance, which is almost lost in MS. V. Hb. x. 44 Batrocum,” Gl. Dun., that is /Bar pdx ioy - Cneopholen, masc., knee holly , knee holm , -holn, - hulver , butchers broom, Ruscus aculeatus , Hb. lix. The gender is de- termined by C.E. p. 437, 19, where the translation 44 alder,” is an unfortunate blot. Two kinds are mentioned, Lb. I. xlvii., but one only is native to England. The second may be presumed to be R. Alexandria of the middle ages, which included R. hypoglossum, R. hypofyllum , R. racemosus, of the Bot. Core, gen. -es, costmary , alecost , tanacetum balsamita . Lb. II. Iv. 1, etc. Crawleac. See Leac. Cjumman, prat, epam, p. part, epumen, to reduce to crumbs , to crumble. Cpim. Lb. I. lxi. 1. Cropleac. See Leac. Cpuc, masc., a cross . Lb. H. lvi. 4. Cu, gen. cue, fem., cow , vacca . The de- clension is often contracted ; gen. Lb. I. xxxviii. 11, by contr. cu ; S»e an beopol on >®pe cu hpyege, M.H. 194 a. There sat a devil on the cows back. Dat. cy. Fepbe op ‘5®pe cy, ibid., the devil went off from the cow ; gen. pi. cuna peopepns cuna, Gen. xxxii. 15 ; dat. pL cum ; unbep polcum, Par. Ps. lxvii. 27, for pole cum, as Grein suggests ; acc. pi. cy ; ic h«bbe . . . gecelpe cy, Gen. xxxiii. 13, where Se is con ; SSpp. 261, cows with their calves. Culmillan, for cupmellan ? Lb. I. xvl 1. Cumb, masc., gen. -ep, a vessel, “ doUum” MS. St. Joh. Oxon. 1 54 ; SSpp. art. 1026. Lacn. 37. Cf.pilbcumb. Lb.III.liii. Cumulu, pi., glandular swellings , translates ( TKififnaficera. Hb. clvii. Cunelle, fem., gen. -an, a Latin word, cunila, a thymiaceous plant, say Thymus vulgaris, a garden herb, but it is not rue, as the glossator of the Lindisfarne Gospels, Luke xi. 42, says, nor chervil^ as another Gl. says. pubu cunelle, thymus serpyllum, wild thyme. Lb. III. xxii. Cupmelle peo mape, Chlora perfoliata, Bot. ; Cupmelle peo locppe, Erythrcea cen- taureum, Bot. Hb. xxxv. xxxvi. All the MSS., V., A., G., T. figure in both these articles, the same wort, and in all they are the Erythreea centaureum . The medieeval glossaries make no difficulty of the lesser, but they had lost the clue to the greater. The tradition is from Plinius, xxv. 30,31. Though some of the continental botanists make no hesi- tation in identifying the greater centau- rion of Plinius, with centaurea, yet his Digitized by Google 378 GLOSSARY. Cupmelle — cont. expression, “ caules geniculati,” seems irreconcileable with the genus. The in- terpreter of our MS., however, and the draughtsman did not know what plant to name for the greater, nor did Fuchsius, the botanic reformer. Of the less, Plini- us says, “ Hoc (minus) centaurion nostri fel terras vocant propter amaritudinem u u The whole plant is ex- “ tremely bitter, and when dried is used in country places as a substitute for u gentian root,’* (Lindley). Lyte (p. 375 ) describes Eryth. c., and mentions (p. 436) its bitterness, calling it “ the Bmall cen- 4t torie.” “ Centaurea minor, horse galle,” Gl. Sloane, 5, where “horse” means wild. “ C. maior, cristes ladder,” Gl. Sloane, 5, but minor, Gl. Sloane, 135; Christs ladder cannot be polemonium cscruleum, which is nowise to the pur- pose. “ C. be more is not well knowen,” Gl. Sloane, 5, fol. 18 b. “ Centaurea “ maior, anglice more centori or yrthe « galle, it hathe leuys like lasse centori « whytt, with on [one] stalk and yolow ** Howrys and he flowryth nott in be « topp,” GL Sloane, 135 ; and so Harl. 3840, this is chlora perfoliata. Centaurea maior coniungit folia iuxta stipitem, florem habet croceum, MS. T., fol. 63 a. * l Centaurea minor, anglice lasse centori, “ with lasse leuys and grener ben be more « centori, and hath mony branches com- “ yng out of on, with flowre some dele 41 redde,” Gl. Sloane, 135, plainly eryth- rata c. The [H]ortus Sanitatis figures for centaurea, the erythrcsum c. Sibthorp in the Flora Graeca sustains the assertion. Centaurea, erthegalle, is drawn in Grete Herbal as C. cyanus. Dorsten says the greater centaury is unknown, yet draws it as C. cyanus. Cuplyppan, obi. case, cowslip, primula veris ; fem. ? is a compound of cu, perhaps in the genitive, and slyppan. See Oxanplyp- pan, Lb. ILL xxx. Slyppan is probably the sloppy dropping of a cow. Cp©b, neut., dung. Lb. I. L 2 ; IL xlviii. bynne is also neuter. Cpelbeht, full of evil matter , of pestilence. Lb. L liv. The termination as in csep- pihc, cressy ; cluphc, cloved ; cneoeht, kneed ; haepiht, hairy ; hmbiht, heathy; hpeodiht, reedy ; helmihc, leafy ; st®n- lhc, stony ; bopmhc, thorny. For cpylb, see Lye. Cwicbeam, gen. -es, masc. 1. By tradition the rowan tree , Pints aucuparia . 2. Iuniperus communis , many glos- saries. 3. Furze, or gorse, Vlex Europoeus, Lb. L xxxi. 3. Prompt ParvuL See Hb. cxliu 4. The aspen, Populus tremula, Prefi voL L p. lxxxvi. CpiA, gen. in -ep, masc., the matrix , uterus , vulva. Lb. HI. xxxvii. xxxviii. CpitJ, Lb. L xlvii. 3, Matricaria ? Bead cpice ? D. Del, gen. -es, neut a dale, vallis , “ barath - “ rum. ” C.E. p. 93, 1. 26, p. 94, L 18. Csedm. if Caedm., p. 16, line 11, p. 22, 1 . 10 . Dal, gen. -es, mostly masc., sometimes neut., like Germ. Theil, part, pars. The masc. occ. everywhere. Exx. of neut. Aitat. 52, unless nominatival apposition is there used ; as is perhaps the case in Lb. H. xxx. Heo nsenig b®l leohcep pciman gepeon mihre, Bed. 578, 20. Sum bael oSpep peopcef co pypcanne, D.G. 23 b. Deape, gen. -e, fem. ? deafness, surditas. Lb. L iii. 2, 5. Cf. Isl. Deyfa, fem. id. (B.H.) Dile, gen. -es, masc., dill, anethum graveo - lens. Lib. L i. 8 ; IL xxxiii. Leechd. vol. L p. 374, where haspene is for hflepenne by suppression of consonant; Pref. vol. L p. c. ci. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 379 Dile — cont . Heepen dile ; perhaps Achillea tomen- tosa ; for Cotgrave explains Anet as secondly, “ little or yellow harrow,” for which I read yarrow, the finely divided leaves of which might obtain it this name. Dylsta ? mucus ; pi. dylstan. Lb. I. xxxi. 5. Cf. II. xxix. Dylsnht, mucous , slimy. Lb. I. xxix. 1. Dynifce, it seems, an herb. Lb. IIL viii. Read pyni^e ? Dybhomap, papyrus. Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 39. Lb. I. xli. Docce, gen. -an, fern., dock , rumex ; commonly R. obtusifolius, but often in medicine for Supbocce. Lb. I. xxxviii. 9, probably also R. pulcer , which is drawn in MS. T. ; fern, in Gl. Cleop. fol. 71c. Fallow dock. Lb. I. xlix. ; perhaps R. maritimus, and R. palustris. Red dock. Lb. I. xlix. R. sanguineus , and perhaps for Supbocce. The dock that will swim frequently occurs. Lb. IL lxv. 1 ; L xxxvi ; also the Ompre that will swim, which is the same plant Lb. III. xxvi. Gerarde calls “ swimming herbe,” duckesmeat= Duckweed = Lemna, which is doubtful. Supbocce, sorrel, Rumex Acctosa is the gl. in MS. T. Hb. art xxxiv., and a bad sorrel is drawn. The Saxons did not botanize on modern principles,' and it easily follows that their genus Dock is not of the same reach as the modem Rumex. Thus Crousope, which is Saponaria officinalis, is glossed fomedok, Gl. Harl. 3388. The word “ foam ” shows that the writer knew his plant, which he calls a dock. As in this instance, and in Cammock whin, and many others, similarity of leaves seems to have been the chief guide to Saxon nomenclature. I cannot therefore believe that eabocce (spelt bocca) is Nymphaa, Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 61. The word Nym- phcca, like many others, must have been misunderstood ; I therefore believe that, Docce — cont. eabocce is the great water dock , rumex uquaticus of Smith, and R. hydrolapa- thum of Hudson. Dockenkraut in German is Arctium lappa, and dock cresses are Laps an a communis. Dolh, gen. -es, mostly neuter, rarely masc., wound , scar , t minus, cicatrix. Hb. x. 3. Lb. I. xxxi. 7, xxxviii. 9, 10; ILL xxxiii. xxxiv. C.E. p. 68, 24, p. 89, 10. SytS- flan re dolh p my gcopenod. M.H. 93 b. Dolhpune, gen. -an, fern.? pellitory, parie- taria officinalis. Hb. lxxxiii., as perdi- calis, which is the same herb ; Lb. often. Dopa, masc., gen. -an, the humble bee , bum- ble bee , dumble dore , bombas generically. The mediaeval glosses Burdo, Fucus, Attacus, mean this insect or some nearly allied. The commonest is Bombus ter- restris, which stores honey. “ Bourdon, “ a drone or dorr bee,” Cotgrave. Lb. often. Dpacentpe, gen. -an, fem. ? Dragons, arum dracunculus , Hb. xv. Dragons was a name applied by English herbalists, 1. to Polygonum bistorta , which is, 1 think, the herb figured in the Latin Apuleius, MS. Bodley, 130, as dracontea ; 2. to qfioglossum vulgatum , Hb. art. vi. ; and 3. to arum maculatum. All these three have a resemblance to a snakes erected head and neck. The figure in MS. V*, art. xv. is intended for arum dracunculus , and, this being so, it is impossible not to concede the name. That plant is not of English birth, but neither is the name. Dpacontjan, gum dragon ; Lb. II. lxiv. contents. Dpifce, bpyge, dry, siccus , aridus , Bed. 478, 14. Andreas, 1581. Lb. IL xlvi. (In C.E. 426, 22, yocum bpigeis y. bpigum). Dprace, gen. -an, fem., a drink, potus. Lb. I. li. 1. ; I. xliL Horn. H. 180. Dpopa, -an, masc., palsy of a limb. Lacn. 9. The Saxon interpreter was wide of his original in Hb. lix. 1, where “Ad “ heemata intercidenda,” in exxiv. “tussi Digitized by Google 3S0 GLOSSARY. Dpopa— cont. “ medendo ” (so). Drop, droppe, para- lysis (Kilian); Troppf, gout (Wachter). The original sense remains in the “ drop- “ ped hands,” “ wrist drop ” of painters, paralysis of the extensor muscles of the wrist Root Drapan, to strike , p. part Dropen, Bw. 5955, MS. 2. A drop , gutta. Lb. I. ii. 21. Hence “ colera ” meaning lymph, in Sc, 30 b. Duft, neut, dust , pulvis, powder. Neuter everywhere ; Mark vi. 11, Luke x. 11, Psalm i. 5, Matth. x. 14. Dpeopje bpojrle, bpeopige bpople, penny royal, mentha pulegium. Hb. xciv. clvL 2, as pulegium. So GL Dun. So A 30, 51. “ Pulegium regale, puliole “ reale,” GL Harl. 3388. “ Pulegio, “ peniroyall,” Florio ; so Cotgrave. “ The smallest of its genus,” Sir J. E. Smith, and therefore well called “dwarf.” “ Much used in medicine,” (All). Penny royal is only puliole royalc. Flea bane is not this plant, nor is the reading bpeopsep Mentha pulegium is called, Hb. xciy. a male and female plant, but this has no reference to the sexual system of Linne, which make it didynamous not dioecous. Some notion of strength influenced Theo- frastos and Dioskorides in giving these names. The drawing in MS. V. is like the herb intended. The flowers are some- times white. Dpople seems in the German glos- saries to be Origanum. E. eagpypt, fern., gen. -e, eyebright, evfrasia officinalis. Lb. ILL txi. Germ., au- gentrost ; Dutch, oogentrost ; Dansk, “oientrost;” Swed., “ogontrost.” Gala'S, ealoti, ealo, ealu, eala, neut unde- clined in sing., ale , cerevisia; gen. ealaft, Gala'S — cont. DD. 63 ; O.T. 256, 5 ; Lb.I.xiv.and often ; dat eala5, DD. 357 d; Lb. often; gen. pi. ealetfa, DD. 487, where it is used of fermented liquor generally. Gen. Al‘5es, D.R. 116, but the forms of B.R. are ab- normal, or late. Some interesting information on ale and beer is collected by that learned and accurate antiquary, Mr. Albert Way, in the Prompt Parv. p. 245. The frequent mention of Wort (as L xxxvi), that is, the warm malt infusion in the mash tub, prepared for fermentation, shows plainly enough that the Saxons brewed for them- selves. The Alevat (I. lxvii.) is the vessel in which the ale was left to ferment Double brewed ale (I. xlvii. 3.) was brewed on ale, instead of on water, and gave them then a very Strong ale (III. xii. p. 314, twice). Even without hops such ale would keep till it became Old ale (H. lxv. l,p. 292, line 12). Keeping and careful treatment would secure its being Clear (I. lxiii.; II. lxv. 2, etc.). Sweet ale is opposed to the clear (II. lxv. 2), and so was thick. J7ilij-c ealu, foreign ale, is often mentioned (I. lxx., etc.). Ale is much more frequently named than beer ; strong beer is opposed to strong ale (III. xii.). Hopping drinks is mentioned, Hb. lxviii. ; further, see frymele. Galijrep, eileber , alii aria, sauce alone (Gerarde). Erysimum alliaria. Lb. IL xxiv., etc. But Callitrichum, Gl. Dun* Galla, gall, fel. Cf. Geaila. So Euang. Nicod., xxvi. Gapban, pi. tares , ervum and orobus . Well made out by Somner. “ Rolon,” in Gl. Mone, is doubtless a corruption of orobus, tipo&os, which, though divided by Bot, is every way the same as ervum. Lb. I. xxvi. Cappicsa, -an, masc., earwig, forficula au- ricularis . Lb. L iii. 2, followed by he. Gyelapce, fem., gen. in -an, Gnaphalium. Somner found some authority for “ Mer- Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 3SI t’pelajre — cont, “ curialis, the herb mercury, D.,” and so Gl. Harl. 978, yet all the gnaphaliums have very lasting blooms, retaining their colour when dry ; the G. margaritaceum is specially our modern Everlasting, and found “ near Booking, on the hanks of “ theRhymney, in Wire forest, and near “ Lichfield.” Skinner also, Gnaphalium Americanum, which is a misnomer by Ray. The genus is in Dansk, Evigheds- blomster. Cpoppeapn, neut, gen. -ep, polypody, poly- podium vulgare. Hb. lxxxvi., where it = Radiolus ; “ Alii filicinam dicunt, “ similis est filici, qua fere in lapidetis “ nascitur vel in parietinis, habens in “ foliis singulis binos ordines puncto- “ rum aureorum,” Lat. In MS. Bodley, 130, a fern, as polypodium is drawn and a Gloss, in a hand of the 12th century gives “ wilde brake.” “ Felix (read “ Filix) quercina pollipodium . i . ewer- “ wan,” Gl. M. “he iii.d is ouerfem, “ and >at groys on walles,” MS. Bodley, 536. “Polypodyn .i. ouerferne % it “ grewih on okys >is is lest,” id. “ Poly- “ podium murale, euerfern,” MS. Raw- linson, c. 506. To the entry, “ Polypo- “ dium arborale, pollipodie ; Pollipodium “ murale, euerferne,” MS. Harl. 3388, has been added a cross, so as to invert the in- terpretations. “ Polypodiuin rubeas ma- “ culas habet et uocatur filix quercina . “ i . euerferne,” id. “ ffilex quercina pol- “ lopodium, euerferne idem (sunt),” id. “ Filix a[r]boratica, epoppeapn,” Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 14. Culpeper, under polypody of the oak, describes at length and cleverly, poL vulg. (H.), and his mention is one link in a long medicinal tradition. “ And why, I pray, must “ polypodium of the oak only be used, “ gentle college of physicians ? Can “ you give me but a glimpse of reason “for it ? It is only because it is “ dearest.” Culpeper. Poly podium vul- gare is “very frequent on the tops of epoppeapn— con t. “ walls, old thatched roofs, shady banks “ and the mossy trunks of rotten trees.” (Sir J. E. Smith.) Its fructification forms a double row of golden spots on each frondlet See also his allusion to tradition in English Botany, 1 149. The older names were, “polypodium quer- “ cinum ; filix arborum ; filicula ; herba “ radioli.” (Nemnich.) Italian, felce- quercina. The figure in MS. Y. “ would “ do very well for plantago lanceolata, “ (H.), it is not a fern at all.” The gender neuter, Boet p. 48, 1. 31 ; Lb. I. Ivi. Ghheolohe, heahheolohe, gen. -an, fern. ? elecampane , inula helenium ; from eh, horse, equus , = heah, horse , Tnr or. “Ele- “ campana ys an erbe hat som men “ calleh horehele, he beryth grene levis “ and longe stalkys and berith yelowe “ floures.” Gl. Sloane, 5, foL 22 c ; so Gl. Bodley, 178. Lb. I. xxxii. 2 ; I. i. 5, etc. eicjia, latter , comp. adj. Lb. II. L 1, re- lated to Glcian, he late ; Clcuns, late- ness ; elcop, later , adverb. Clehtpe, gen. -an, lupin , the cultivated sort of course, lupinus albus; so trans- lated, Hb. cii. 3. Given for diarrhoea. Lb. III. xxii. “ Electrum multos habet M stipites folia virid[i]a et flores cro- “ ceos,” Gl. Harl. 3388. “ Syluestres “ lupini Candida habent folia. Sativi “ foliis non adeo albicant,” Dorsten. “ Lypinus . i . lyponys, >is erbe has “ leuys lyke to he v. levyd grass, bote “ he erbe fore the more party has v. “ leues and a whyt floure, etc.,” MS. Bodley, 536. “Clehtpe, maura,” MS. in Somner. “Walupia, electre,” GL Dun. eihygb, strange thought , distraction . Lb. IL xlvi. ftygb is found fem. neut. Clm, masc., gen -ep, elm, ulmus campestris ; perhaps also a. sativa. Gen. elmep, Lbw I. vi. 8, therefore like old Dansk, Almr, elm , masc. Digitized by Google 382 GLOSSARY. eojropbpotu, also -e, fem., gen. in -an; carlina acaulis , Eberwurtz, carlina acau - lis (Adelang). “The Carline thistle, “ formerly used in medicine, is not this “ (carlina vulgaris), but carlina acaulis “ of Linnsus. It was reported to have “ been pointed out by an angel to Charle- “ magne, to cure his army of the plague. " His name is the origin of the generic “ one.” (SirJ.E. Smith, English Botany, plate 1144). Everwortel, chameleon, Kilian; that is (Afv^cuj), which was identified, rightly or not, by Spren- gel, as carlina acaulis. “ Eberwurz, “ cardo [ read carduus~\ rotunda. Euer- “ wurz, cardo pana, al. chameleon,” Gl. Hoffin. “ Scissa,” a gl. in Lye, perhaps a genuine name. u Scasa, ebopbpote,” Gl. M.M. p. 162 b. “ Colucus,” Gl. Brnx. j “ Colicus,” Gl. Cleop. “ Colitus vel Colo- j “ cus,” Gl. Dun. ; which I take to be mis- , readings of Co, for Cardo, and that for I Carduus, \*vk6s. “Scasa vel scafa vel “ sisca,” further, Gl. Dun. ; these are attempts to read a crabbed MS. Also “Anta,” also “ Borotium,” Gl. Dun., the last being the English word eojrop, boar, with a Latin termination. Lb. I. i. 6; xxxviii. 10. The x a /‘ uuA<, ° l,, '> which, by its name must have hugged the ground, is wrongly i interpreted in Hb. xxvi., cliii., as a teazle, which has a strong long stem. | Colon e, Clene, gen. -an ; fem., elecampane , | inula helenium. Lb. I. xxxiv. 2, and everywhere. Colone lffijr^ fl* 1 bone, pulicaria dysen- tericay doubtless. Lb. II. lii. 1. Copnhce, earnestly , " diiigenter.” Hb. lxxxvii. 2. Cop^sealla, masc., gen. -an, Erythraa centaureum , Bot. This is made the same as Centaurea maior, Hb. xxxv., and the drawings in MSS. Y. G. T. A. represent Erythreea centaureum , which j is “ intensely bitter.” It is, however, C. minor, not maior. In the pictorial ■ Apuleius, MS. Bodley, 130, Se mape j GopSsealla— cont. curmelle, is intended for feverfae. Pyre thrum Parthenimn, which is “ herba “ amara, aromatica,” Flor. Brit. u Cen- “ taurya maior . i . J>e more centore or “ erthe galle, his flowrs ben ^olow in be M tope, etc.” MS. Bodley, 536. Dorsfcen agrees with us. He figures Eryth. cent, and gays the greater centaury has leaves like the walnut, green as the cabbage, and serrated. “ Fel terra . centaurea . “ idem . muliebria educit . habet in sum- “ mitate plures flores rubros,” MS. Kawlinson, c. 607, which describes Erythraa. “ Centauria, eop$ gealle [a], GL Somn. p. 64 a, 5. Lb. II. viii, etc. eopAnajola, masc., gen. -an, earth navel , asparagus officinalis. Hb. xcvii. 1, “asparagi.” So exxvi. 2, masc. Oros. iv. 1 =p. 380, 30. CopApima, gen. -an ? masc. Lb. HL xli. coiy ecturallypotenfitta reptans , since pima stands for peoma masc., as in co^Spima, gl. for co'Speoma, cf. Germ. Riem, masc., a thong , a strap. The signification * is therefore “ Earth cord ; ” this is not ap- plicable to the dodder, which does not touch the earth, and has its own Saxon name bobbep, Mone, 287 a ; the straw- berry, which is almost a potentilla, has also its old English name ; the com- mon potentilla reptans is therefore most likely. Cop$ yps,neut, gen. -ep, ground ivy , glecho- ma hederacea , the equivalent is Hedera nigra, Hb. c., according to our botanists, our common climbing ivy is Hedera helix, which name, however, in Plinius, lib. xvi. 62, is given to a sort which has no berries, “ fhictum non gignit.” The plant eoptJ ypg would not be ground ivy, for its epoppap or corymbi are mentioned, Hb. c. 3, but there is no getting over the common voice of England, which calls by the name ground ivy, what is not ivy at all. Hedera is of constant occurrence as ipg, and to be correct, the interpreter should Digitized by GjOOQle GLOSSARY. 383 €op$ ypig — cont. have added nothing. Glechoma is Ger- man Erd ephen ; French, le lierre ter- restre; Italian, ellera terrestre ; Spanish, hiedra terrestre ; Portuguese, hera ter- restre. The errors lie perhaps in our misunderstanding of the words kkte, fem., gen. -an, water lily , Nymphcea alba, N. lutea. Lb. II. 1L i. 3. “ Nimfea, i . fleapert,” MS. Ashmole, 1431, fol. 19. “ Nympha, fleathorvyrt,” GL Dun. But “ flatter dock, pondweed, “ potamogeiton,” Gl. Chesh. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 385 Fleogan^oip, not “ fly.” Lb. III. xxii. Fleotpypt, fern., gen. -e, “ floatwort,” Lb. II. lii. 1. “ Algea, flotvyrt,” Gl. Dun. “ Alga,” Gl. M. I fear the description is too vague, Potamogeiton fluitans f Sparganium natans f Lemnaf Fletan, plietan. 1. Found only in $[., fleet- ing s, hasty curds , skimmed, but yet not cream, Lb. III. x. ; I. ii. 23. “ After the “ curd for making new milk cheese is “ separated from the whey, it is set over j “ the fire, and when it almost boils, a i “ quantity of sour butter milk is poured “ into the pan, and the mixture is gently “ stirred. In a few minutes the curd “ rises to the surface, and is carefully “ skimmed off with a fleeting dish into u a seive, to drain.” (Carrs Craven GL) u Sarrasson, fleetings or hasty curds, “ scumd from the whey of a new milk “ cheese,” (Cotgrave.) Cf. Wilbraham and Mr. Ways Promptorium. 2. In singular, cream , as Lye ; used in this sense, Lb. L xliv. 2. The com- mon notion of these two senses, is shimmings. Fnaeptiaft, Lib. II. xxxvi. If the passage be without error, which is hardly to be supposed, pnoeptiaft must be a plural. Fnaest is masc., and makes acc. >one pn»st, Ail5a|. 28,51 ; therefore we should perhaps read pneestas. Fopbepan, prret. bmp, p. part, bopen, re- 1 strain , cohibere y continere. Hb. iv. 9. Lib. I. xlv. 6, in a special sense, conti- nere, render continent , tie with a knot of poison. See preface, on knots. To this ; binding down the instincts by herbs, allude the glosses, “ obligamentum, lyb- “ lypefh ;” “ Obligamentum, lyb,” Gl. Cleop. fol. 69 a, fol. 71 b; Gl. M.M. p. 160 a, 22, where lib is rutinn eitrs ha en linbefts leitar lundygr munuft dryia. Known has Hrut, the ring bestower, his body bloat with venom vile, when he would, with all goodwill, in linen white, in bleached bed, the bliss enjoy of loves delights with me the lass he wooed and wed. Cf. pyptjopbope. Lb. III. i. Fopbepan is restrain , Bw. 3748. Fopcuuolfcan, to swallow. Lb. I. iv. 6. Cf. Qvolk, gullet , throat (Molbech). Fopnetep polm, “ Fornjots palm,” some herb ; Lb. I. lxx. Ixxi. Gl. Cleop. fol. 65 b, which gl. only translates polm, manus. Cf. Gorfmrs ncegler, J7ihtmai]>ep pypr, Sigmmrts cruyt= Sigmunds kraut. Foppeaxen ; that this word has been rightly read overgrown , appears byHb. ii. 4, and by $y Imp hie to Smin pop- peoxen ft set hie poppeapoben i fty unpaepftmbmppan psepen, P.A. 54 b. Lest they overgrew to that degree that they withered and were thus less fertile. Fophyhman. See pelma. Foe, masc., foot , pi. pet, as Mark ix. 45 ; but potas, Gft. 114. Lb. Foxep elate, fern., gen. -an, “ fox clote,” Arctium lappa. Lb. I. lxix. Sec Clate. Foxep pot, bur reed , Sparganium simplex. In Hb. xlvii. is #opn, masc., gen. -ep, tenaculum , in a Burgeons case of instruments. Lb. I. vi. 7. Taken as a compound of pon, to catch , and J>opn. Fpampeapbep, in a direction away from. Lb. I. Ixviii. 1. Fulbeam, fulanbeam, masc., gen. -ep, the black alder , rhamnus frangula. Lb. I. xxxii. 4. G. Gagel, Lb. I. xxxvi. ; Gazelle, Gagille, fem. ? gen. -an. Lb. II. li. 1 ; H. liii. ; III. xiv., sweet gale , Myrica Gale. But gageles, Lacn. 4. Galluc, masc., comfrey , symphytum offi- cinale. “ Simphitone, the hearbe Alo, “ Confrey or wallwort of the rocke, (Florio). So Hb. lx., Gl. Dun. copy- ing Hb. “ Cuinfiria,” Gl. Harl. 978 (A.D. 1240). “ Adriatica vel malum “ terra, galluc,” Gl. Somn. p. 66 [63], 1. 9. If this means that the earth apple, whether Cyclamen or Bunium, is galluc, the statements above must be preferred. Copied into Gl. Dun. Occ. Lb. I. xxvii. 1, masc. Gapclipe, agrimony , agrimonia eupatoria. lib. xxxii. Gapclipe is also the gloss of Agrimonia in Gl. Dun. and Lb. II. viii. Gl. Sloane, 146. MS. G. draws a rude likeness of agrimony, and MS. T. at- tempts tyyetwvy, papaver argemone. The word Agrimonia is said to be a corruption of Argemone, Plinius, xxvi. 59, but those who choose to enter into the subject of the Latin names had better compare Dioskor. 4i. 108, who speaks of a poppy. Gap, a, spear, is evidently the first element in the name of the plant, the spike of which rises like a narrow dagger above the grass : clipe is, perhaps, connected with our Cliff, and with Hliprnn, to tower. Gatetpeop, neut., gen. -er, the nettle tree , the tree lotus , celtis australis. Lb. I. xxxvi. Somners conjecture is wholly an error, his tree is the Gattridge tree. w Geizpoum, lothon ; [Xwt<1j, genus a arbori8, latine mella],” Gl. Hoffin. Geacep pupe, gen. -an, cuckoo sorrel , wood sorrel , oxalis AcetoseUa. Proofs abound. Lb. I. ii. 13, 22.; HI. xlviii. Geagl, neut. and masc, gen. -ep, the jowl, the fleshy parts attached below the lower jaw. Lb. I. i. 16, 17.; iv. 3. Gealla, masc., gen. -an. 1. Gall, bile. 2. A gall, a fretted place on the skin , intertrigo. Lb. I. lxxxviii. Geapupe, grepupe, gappe, fem., gen. -an, yarrow, AcliiUea millefolium. Seo peabe gappe, red yarrow , Achillea tomentosa. Lb. III. lxv. Gebpreceo, cough, tussis , Hb. cxxiv., cxxvi. Gl. in MS. H. Host, cough , SII. p. 26. Gebpocum, with fragments, Lb. H. lvi. 3. Cf. Scipgebpoc, Lye. Gecypnab, granulated. Lb. I. lxxv. Cf. ohg. Kirnjan, nucleare ; Isl. at Kyrna, to granulate. Gecpypan, prat, -pte, p.p. -pt, contract = Old Dansk Kreppa, contrahere. Lb. n. lvi. Hence Cripple. Gepog, Gepeh, neut 1. a joining, a joint, commissura, compago . (Lye, etc., iEG. often.) 2. glue. Lb. I. ii. 2. Cf. Umbifangida, glutinum , in Graff., and Kauahsa ( = gefahsa), purgamenta , the parings of hides and hoofe from which glue is made, id. HI. 421 . Cf. also many entries in 422. Geppibeb, dense with boughs , from ppi$, forest, opacus, Hb. i. 1, where the Saxon made no error, pa prep an pm- tpeop pi*S "P tempi geppi’Seb, M.H. 183 b. There was then a pine tree opposite the temple thick with foliage. Gegyman, prat -ebe, p. part -eb, to over - look, Lb. HL lxv. A man is overlooked when one having the power of witch- Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 387 Ge syman — con t. craft has set designs against him. An ap- proach to this sense of the Saxon word is found in ?>e eobe on pumep Fapipea ealbpep hup on p©rteb»£e he hlap rote . ~j his bejjymbon hyne. Lake xiv. 1 . W arlock hatred has a blasting effect This faith is strong in Devonshire ; they say that the witch has no power over the firstborn. Gchepian, to extol , laudibus ampliare. Hb. lvii. 2. Simple vb. in diett. Gehlenceb, linked. Lb. JII. lv. See the passage. JMencan, links, found as yet in pi. only ; Elene, 47, Csedm. ? MS., p. 154, line 9, but probably masc., as old Dansk, Hlekkr, a chain, masc.; Dansk, Lronke, not neuter ; Swed., Lamk, masc. Translate in Cccdm.? have their linked mail coats. Gehnaccan, pract. -te, p. part. -£b, to twitch. Hb. cxlviii. 1., clxiii. 6. Paris Ps. ci. 8, allidere. Cf. Hnykkja in Egilsson, prose sense, vellere. Gehpeopp, gen. -es, a turning , also a ver- tebra. Lb. II. xxxvi., so Ln*s of ^Ebelstan, 10, var. lect. Cf. Hpioppban, Lorica, lxxi. Gelepeb, corrupted. Lb. II. xxxvi. p. 244. Root Ley, mischief. Geliclic, proper , consentanevs. Lb. II. xvi. 1. Gelobyypt, fem., gen* -e, silverweed , poten- tiUa anserina. Its leaves resemble the human spine, jelobpe, with the ribs. “ Heptaphyllon,” Gl. in Lye. Gl. Dun. Lb I. xxxii. 3 ; xxxviii. 11. Gemrobla, masc., gen. -an, talk. Lb. III. lvii., from mseblan, to talk , C.E. 82, 14, MS. reading. Genrofta, pi. ephippia, a packsaddle. 0 clerice, p. lx. Visibly related to ohg. Ginait, consutus. That Ge signifies and is identical with Con, together, see SSpp. art. 261, a large induction. The German Nahen, to sew, exhibits the remainder of the root. But, as Wachter truly says, it is sufficiently manifest, that the word Gen»#a — cont. has suffered sincopation, and that in its original form it had a D or T, as Netcn, or Neden. So that it is related to Nrobel, needle. “ Ouh sih tharzua ni nahit | “ uuiht thes ist ginait.” Et se ad hoc non approximat quicquam eitis , quod cst netum. Otfrid Euangel. IV. xxix. 17, ed. Schilter ; “ ioh' unginaten redinon ; et inconsutili arte. Ibid. 64. Geopman leap, all the gll. interpret mallow , but gl. C. writes geappan leap, yarrow- leaf, or leaves; explaining the word Seopman, but rendering the tradition doubtful, for no mallow has leaves like yarrow. Ld. vol. I. p. 380. Lb. I. xxvii. I. ; xxxiii. 1., etc. Gepcabpypt, fem., gen. -e, an herb un- certain. “Berbescum [read Verba scum], “ gescadvyrt,” Gl. Dun., Gl. Sloane, 146. “ Herbescum,” id. " Talumbus, fcepcalb- “ pype,” Gl. Cleop. ; Sepeabpypc, Gl. M.M., p. 164 a, 4., read 0ovybe on 'P gepealb fpi'Se, Mil. 190 a, and icith it struck a monk of St Martins in the private part severely. Gepune, as a pi. adj., customary. Hb. lxviii. Gehpepan, prat gebpeop , p. part gebpopen , | gebupen, to turn , as cream to butter, milk , to curd, to alter, conver ter e, Lb. I. xliv. 2. Butepgehpeop translates “ butyrum ” in the Colloquium M., p. 28, but not quite [ correctly. Hamepe gebupen, Beowulf, j 2504, poetically consolidated by the ham- mer. C.E. 497, 16. GicJ>a, masc. ? hicket , hiccup , Lb. contents, I. xviii., answering to geoesa, geohsa, in the text ; foxing for hicketing is fre- | quent in English, in a later stage. Hick, j hickse, singultus , convulsio ventriculi > (Kilian). j 2. Masc., itch, prurigo. Lb. II. xli. ult ; j II. lxv. 5 ; Horn. I. 86, where the true | translation is ascertainable from the j original passage of Josephus, tcvri®pepn, D®bepn, masc., gen. -ep, a crab (cancer), masc. Lb. I. iv. 2. II® pee, neut., a haft, manubrium , Lb. II. lxv. Somner cited it right. J}»ppceapb, neut., hairlip. Lb. I. xiii. Haesel, gen. -eB, -les, masc., the hazlc , corylus , C.D. 624. Lb. I. xxxviii. 8 ; II. lii. =p. 270. H«slen, of hazle , columus ; Lb. I. xxxix. 3. Happen hybele ; Hb. xxx. The various reading is instructive ; Hnybele, which is close akin, apparently, to Netele, and Kdyvafiis : and the Brittanica of the Vienna drawings {See pref. Vol. I., p. lxxxi.) is so much like Lamium purpu- reum , the red dead nettle , that there arises a fair presumption this is the true identi- fication. Lacn. 2. The gll. support Cochlearia Anglica. (Lyte, index) Flora Britannica, by Sir J. E. Smith. Florio. Fig. in MS. V. There were other Brittanicas. Sprengel holds that the Bperovviicfi of Dioskorides is Rumex aquatic us. frwbbepgean pipe, gen. -an, fem., heath berry plant , bilberry plant , vaccinium. Lb. III. lxi. Dayocpypt, fem., gen. -e ; perhaps hawk- weed , Hieracium. Lb. I. xiv. In all Teutonic languages. fralan, 44 secundcc,” secundin®, the after- birth. Quad. vi. 25. The analogies require Damian. 44 Inluvies secundarum, “ hama,” Gl. C. 44 Hamme, secundce ,” (Kilian). 44 Heam, secunditue Nemnich. Germ. Hamen : etc., etc. Digitized by Google 390 GLOSSARY. fralrpypt must have been Campanula trachelium , which in Dansk is Haisurt; in German, Halswurz, Qalskraut ; in Dutch, Halskruid. It is said to have obtained these names from being used for inflammations in the throat In English it is Throatwort 2. Bupleurum tenuissimum , Haresear, “ auris leporis, halppypt,” Gl. Somn. p. 63 b, line 48. “Auricula leporina, “ halswort,” Gl. Harl. 3388. “ Auri- “ cula leporina, halswort,” MS. M. So Gl. Dun. 3. SciUa autumnal is, MS. G. figure, fol. 1 8 b. = Narcissus, Herb. lvi. = Bulbus, text of Hb. cix. Narcissus, Gl. Dun., probably from Hb. 4. Symphytum album, Hb. cxxviii., seems unsupported. Epicosium, Gl. Dun. The figure in MS. Y. lvi. to my sense is C. Trachelium, with the bell flowers spoiled ; to Dr. II. “ a boraginaceous “ plant.” Damoppypt, fern., gen. -e, parietaria officinalis f as appears by a gl. in MS. II. on Herb, art Ixxxiii. So Gl. Brux., and Gerarde. Grimm Mythol. speculates (126), thinking that perhaps Thors ham- mer is alluded to in the name. Lb. I. xxxi. 9. Since hamoppypt and bol- jjjiune are mentioned together in Lb. I. xxv. 1, there is much doubt in the interpretation. Leechdoms, Yol. I. p. 374. Lacn. 1, 2, 6. Is not hamoppypc the same as Hem- briswort, bellis perennis , and derived from Hamop, a bird, such as the Yellow- hammer, Emberiza ? See Sees, franbpypm, masc., gen. -ep, an insect sup- posed to produce disease in the hand; [ctrto], curio f cirus. Wrights vocab. p. 177, p. 190., from 4< Surio vel brien- “ sis vel sirineus, hanbpypm,” Gl. Somn. p. 60 a, 25, which is to read by the preceding, the hissing sound being given to the letter C. So Gl. Harl. 1002. Prompt. Parv., vol. I. p. 225. J)apan hyse, “ haresfoot ” (trefoil), Tri- folium arvense. In Hb. lxii., Leporis pes, haresfoot; the connexion of hyse with the verb “ to hie ” is plain. Gl. Dun. copies. The artist in Y. has omitted, as was the manner, the third leaflet of the trefoil, and the heads are eaten up. MS. A. has clover heads. MS. G. draws Geum urbanum , another harefoot, and glosses it, “ Hasin uuohh ” “ Benedicts,” herb beuneL The laier hand in B. also glosses Avens. But Fuchsius, the link between us and the middle ages, is clear as to the trefoil both by name and figure. Dapanj*pecel, -pppecel, vipers buy loss, Echium vulyare . Speckle in our usage, the verb frequentative, in this case the frequentative adjective of speck, ppecea, masc. (as MS.) is very applicable to this herb : hare only means that where hares live, it lives. Lb. I. xxxii. 2, 4 ; lxxxvii. Spreckle is now a Scotch and Suffolk form for Speckle. “ Eicios, harau- “ speccel,” Gl. Mone, p. 321 a. “Echius, “ Echium,” Gl. in Lye. “ Ecios, haran- “ sveccel,” Gl. Dun. Eicios, hapau fpeccel, Gl. Brux. frajianpypt, J}apepypt, fern., gen. -e. The little hare wort oftenest groweth in gar- dens, and hath a white flower. Lb. I. lxi, 1 ; I. lxxxviii. ; IIL lx. ; II. lxv. 5. frajibbeam, masc., gen. — ep, sycamore , acer pseudoplatanus. The translation of sycomore in the Lindisfarnc Gospels, Luke xix. 4. The true sycomore is not English. Vol. I., p. 398, where the separation of the elements makes no difference. Hares lettuce, Prenanthes mural is. Hb. cxiv. Lactuca or Lactuca siluatica, MS. T. The prenanthes m. is drawn in MS. T., and it is equivalent in German to Hasenlattich, in Dansk to Vild latuk. It is also drawn in MS. Bodley, 130, and glossed “ slepwert.” “ Lactuca leporina “ i . wyld letys, and he has leues like Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 391 Hares lettuce — cont. “ sow thestyll,” MS. Bodley, 536. The figures in MSS. V., G. t A. are of no account. Ilatian, translates gravari , Lb. II. xxv. J>a>oliH* ? fem. ? declined in -an ; pro- bably elbow joint. The word is com- pounded of the syllable hah, which is found in fceaftepian, cohibere (Boet. xxxix. 5 ; Beda, iv. 27 ; C.E. p. 401, 17, where the fac simile of the MS. reads mec not me, p. 482, 5, and in Umbe- hathlichiu, nexilis , in Graff, iv. 805,) and of Lib, a joint; it signifies, therefore, the ne x He joint, or the fast tied joint. The patient was to be bled on it The fastest tied joint on which a patient can well be bled is the elbow. Somner conjectured, probably from knowledge of the Latin, vena axillaris ; that is the same vein, tV hyK&tn, inch paox^vr, says Trallianus (p. 127, ed. 1548). Deahhealebe, fteahhiolobe, inula helenium; See t'h. Lb. I. xxxix. 2, etc. “ llinnula “ campana, hoqfellen,” Gl. Laud, 567, i.e., Horse Helenium. l^ealebe, belli) burs ted, hemiosus , Gl. Somn. p. 71 b, 60. Hb. lxxviii. 2, where ad ramiccm pueri , Lat ; “ Ponderosus,” in Lye, which means not “ weighty,” but bursted ; “ Ponderosus, hernia laborans ” (verba improbata in Bailey) ; Haull, masc., hernia (Islandic) ; cilb brS hoyopobe healebe (MS. Cott Tiber. A. iii. fol. 41), the child shall be hump- backed and bursted. SH. 23. )>eal y, neut, the half \ dimidium , pars dimidia, Lb. H. ii. 2. Dealy, side, quarter is fem. Healy heayob, half head ; JE.G. 14, line 24, distinctly defines as the sinciput, the for- ward half; (hoc sinciput), healy heayob ; hoc occiput, ye aeytpa bsel b®y heaybey. J>ealy pubu, masc., gen. -bey, field balm , calamintha nepeta, Lb. L xlvii. 2. “ pidebalme . i . halue pude,” Gl. Harl. 978. This plant was placed by Linnaeus as Melissa ; it is perennial. frealm, neut., halm, calamus. Gabpion himyylye healm. Exod. v. 7. Lb. I. lxxii. Heap, Lb. I. ii. 21, austere. Cf Heopo, sword, C.E. 346, and its senses as a prefix. Hebclaft, a coarse upper garment. Quad. iv. 17. “Heben, casla,” gl. C., that is, a chasuble. “ Heben gunna,” gl. C. gunny cloth. Ne h»bbe he on heben ne creppan, DD. 348, ix. Let him have on neither chasuble nor cope ; the English rite. Cf. He'Sinn, a kirtle or cape of skin , in Islandic. (Jonsson.) J}e£echye, fem., gen. -an, hedge clivers, cleavers , clivers, Galium aparine. Lb. I. ix. Degepiye, gen. -an, fem. ? “ hedge ruff,” hayreve,” Galium aparine. “ Rubia “ minor, Hayreff ober aron [ read Hay- “ renn ?] is like to wodruff, and be sed “ tuchid will honge in oneis clobis,” MS. Sloane, 5, fol. 29 a. “ Rubia minor “ cleuer heyreue,” Gl. Harl. 3388. Lb. L xxxii. 4; I. Ixiv. Delbe, tansy, tanacetum vulgare, “ Tana- “ ceta,” Gl. Somn. p. 66 [68] b, 22. So Gl. JuL, Gl. Dun., Gl. Harl. 978 (A.D. 1240); Tenedisse,Gl. Brux., also “ Arti- “ mesia hilde,” Gl. Dun., but the tansy is generically akin to the mugwort. Lb. I. xxvi. Ai5a£. 58. J}emlic, gen. -e, also -an ; hemlock , co- uium macula turn. Other plants may be sometimes called hemlock, for the um- bellate herbs require educated eyes, but this is the starting point for English notions. Cicuta virosa is water hem- lock (Sir J. E. Smith) ; “ Cicuta,” Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 47, classically right, though botanically wrong ; for it fol- lows from Plinius, xxv. 95, that Ktavuov = cicuta. Acc. Hymlican. Lb. I. i. 6. Has a masc. adj. Lacn. 71; dat hym- lice. Lb. I.lviii. 1. Deojiocbpembel, masc., gen. -ey, the buck - thorn, rhamnus. “ Ranno, Christs thome, •“ Harts thorne, Way thorne, Bucke “ thorne, or Rainberry thome,” Florio Digitized by Google 392 ULOSSARY. )>eojioebjiembel — cont. Lb. III. xxix. 1. The berries are exceed- ingly loved by stags, Cotgrave, v. Bour- daine. Gerarde. freopot cjiop, Lb. I. vi. 3, probably a bunch of the flowers of hart wort, or seseli. (Nemnich, Cotgrave.) )>eopt clajppe, hart clover or medic, medi - cago maculata. In Hb. xxv. Hart clover is made germander, teucrium chamcedrys , and there is no doubt about the identity of germander with the chameedrys of the Latin ; the name germander is a gradual alteration from the Hellenic word, and in MS. G. the plant is drawn. In MSS. V. and A. we see something more like anagallis arvensis, but we must make concessions to these old artists. There is, however, no doubt but that claej-pe is clover , “ trifillon [trefoil], clflt- “ n ie ” Gl. Somn. p. 64a, 3. “ Trifo- “ lium rubrum, reade cleaure,”Gl. Dun. “ Calesta vel calcesta, hvit cleaure, , ’ Gl. Hun. That we find “ trifolium, £eace- “ pupe,” Gl. Somn. p. 66 [63] b, line 1 1 , may be satisfactorily explained by look- ing at the Oxalis Acetosella, which is a trefoil sorrel, abounding in groves and thickets in the spring. The same wort is meant by “ Calcitulium, geaces “ swre,” Gl. Hun. ; for calta is clover with the Saxons ; “ Calta siluatica, vude “ cleaure,” Gl. Hun. ; “ wood sorrel ” is a frequent name of it at this day ; it was panis cuculi, Fr. pain de cocu (Lyte). The tradition of the word “hart” is sufficient for us ; probably, however, m. falcata and m. sativa were embraced under the name. These were once known as “horned clauer,” or clover (Lyte); and since the melilot m. officinalis , was called hart clauer in Yorkshire (Gerarde), that also may have been set down for a variety. Culpeper calls melilot, kings claver. “ Cenocephaleon [read Cyno-], “ heort cleaure,” Gl. Hun., may be a misreading of a drawing, since toadflax and melilot hang their heads in the same Deopt claeppe — cont . manner. “ Camedus,” Gl. Brux., that is, chamtedrys, germander. )}yp ? gen. -e, fern., hive. Hb. vii. 2. Lye. Leechd. Vol. I. p. 397. JMllpypt, fem., gen. in -e, “hillwort, calamintha nepeta. Hillwort is pulegium montanum in the glossaries, to be dis- tinguished by name and habitat from pulegium regale or penny royal. Now the Bergpoly of the Germans, Teucrium polium, is not a native of England, we must then select, as above, a plant which grows on “ dry banks and way “ sides on a chalky soil,” with “ odour “ strong resembling mentha pulegium,” (Hooker). But if the words be of the savour of a version from the Latin, then hillwort will be teucrium polium. See Hb. Iviii. ; Promp. Parv. p. 399. ))ymele, gen. -an, the hop plant, kumulus lupulus — humle (Dansk) =humall, masc. (Islandic). Hb. lxviii. The female plant is evidently meant by the ewehymele, eopohumelan, Lb. III. lx. The statement that men mix hymelc with their ordinary drinks, shows what plant the writer of Hb. had in his mind. That he identifies it with bryony is an error in his Greek. Lovells Herball (1659) thus, “Hops, lupulus. In fat “ and fruitfull ground, the wild among “ thornes. The flowers are gathered in “ August and September. Bpvov ual “ /Bpvuvta, lupus salictarius et reptitius.” Most of the early glossaries translate however, bryonia by Wilde nep, and Hioskorides (iv. 184, 185) describes what is certainly not the hop plant Columella is charged with having confused the bryony with the hop, Lib. x. p. 350. “ Quffique tuas audax imitatur Nysie “ uites, “ Nec metuit sentes, nam uepribus “ improba surgens “ Achradas indomitasque Bryonias “ alligat alnos.” The lines hardly support the charge. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 393 fcymele — cont. According to the present usage of those who speak rural English, the hop is the fructification of the female plant, and the plant itself has no name but hop plant It is quite incorrect according to the country folk to speak of the plant as the hop. No such name as Humble seems to be known. The contrasted fresehymele, hedge- humble, affords presumption that there was a cultivated kind, and other proofs exist that the Saxons grew this plant )}ymele, hop trefoil , trifolium procumbent. In Hb. Iii. we had a problem to solve ; polytrichum was hair moss, and hymele was hop, and yet the two plants must be the same. The trefoil leaves of poly- trichum in MS. G. suggested a solution ; it is hoped the right one. The text in lib. lii. speaks plainly of hair moss ; but the drawing in the MS. has nothing of the sort ; in this difficulty the in- terpreter solved not the Hellenic word, but the drawing, and named it hymele ; as it has no resemblance to the hop, nor to geum rivale. Jordhumle in Swedish is trifolium agrarium (Nemnich). The name Humble was not confined to the hop, see pclbpypt; and in Islandic Val- humall is Uchillea millefolium. (Olaf Olafsens Urtagards Bok, p. 88.) ]>inbh»lebe, -heolobe, -an, water agrimony , liverwort , Eupatorium cannabinum. “ Ambrosia.” Hb. lxiii. 7 ; so Lacn. 69. Gl. Sloane, 146. Our gll. make this ambrosia maior to be widely dis- tinguished from chenopodium botrys, which is also ambrosia, but not an English plant. Hindheal is Hirsch- wundkraut in Germ. “ stag-wound- wort.” 4< Eupatorium lilifagus [ understand “ ^\€Xlcucos], ambrosia maior, wylde “ sauge, hyndhale,” Gl. Harl. 3388. “ Ambrosia, hindhelethe,” Gl. Dun. “ Ambrose . salgia agrestis [read salvia], “ lilifagus . eupatorium . idem,” Gl. llawl. c. 607. So Gl. M. “ Hintloipha, JMnbh® 1 ebe — con t . “ ambrosia,” Gl. Hoff, “ Euperatorium, “ ambrose, is an erbe that som men “ callib wilde sauge ober wode merche “ ober hyndale,” Gl. Sloane, 5, fol. 15 a. Similarly Gl. M. 2. Sanicle , Sanicula Europaa , as above ; the plants have very similar foliation. Dypbepypt, fem., gen. -e, herd - (shep- herd) wort, Erythrcea centaur eum, Lb. II. viii, etc. IIi)\ gen. -es, neut., hue, complexion , color . lib. cxli. 2. Horn. II. 390. Hpy ip $ip j;olb abeopcab . tSBet w’b'elefte hiep hpy jjeajitS hie onhpoppen, P.A. 26 a, Why is this gold darkened , and why is its noble colour changed f Lamentations iv. 1. See N. p. 71. A<8o{. 58. JMeomoce, JMeomoc, fem. gen., -an ; brook- lime (where lime is the Saxon name in decay), Veronica beccabunga , wilh V. anagallis. Lb. I. ii. 22. “ It waxeth in “ brooks,” Lb. I. xxxviii. 4. Both sorts Lemmike, Dansk. They were the greater and the less “ brokclemke,” Gl. Bodlcy, 536. “ Fabaria domestica . i . lemeke. “ Fabaria agrestis similis est nasturtio “ aquatico et habet florem indum [blue'] . M i . fhuerole et crescit iuxta aquas,” Gl. Bawl. c. 607. In those words the v. anagallis is described. The following agree more or less, Gl. in Lye ; Gl. Dun. ; Gl. Cleop. ; Gl. Harl. 978 ; Gl. Harl. 3388 ; Gl. Mone, p. 288 a, 27: read lemicke ; Islandic, Lemiki. Dlypc, masc., gen. -ep, hearing ; masc. DD. 41, xlvi. Lb. I. iii. 7 ; Horn. II. 374 ; also fem., gen. -e, Lb. I. iii., con- tents ; and in old Dansk. IMucrop bpenc, masc., gen. -es, u clear “ drink,” claret , made of wine , honey , aromatic herbs , and spices. “ Accipe “ ergo hirtzunge [ hartstongue ] et earn “ in vino fortiter coque, et tunc purum “ mel adde, et ita iterum; tuncfhc semel “ fervere, deinde longum piper et his “ tantum cynamomi pulverisa, et ita Digitized by r 394 GLOSSARY. frluttop bpenc— cont. “ cum pr&dicto vino fee iterum semcl “ fervere, et per pannum cola et sic fee “ loteb dra 2 ?ck.’ > St. Hildegard. Phys. xxx., and similarly ciii. frnipel, masc., forehead, Lb. III. i. Hoc, gen. hocces, one of the mallows , malm. Lb. III. xxxvii., xli. Many gU. T>ope, gen. -an, fem., alehoof hove , ground ivy , glechoma hederacea. Lb. I. ii. 19. Seo peabe hope, the same. 2. Mejij-c hope, stachys palustris ' Lb. I. xxxviii. 5. lloppec, hoppaec, neut., hoof nick, hoof track. Yol. I. p. 392. A parallel charm has potspop. Doicaeppe, fem., gen. -an, field gentian , gentiana campestris. Lb. I. ii. 17. The same as the Holgrcess of CEder, leones Plantarum, vol. 3, where he gives the local Norwegian names. }>omoppecy;, masc. Lb. I. lxxvi. 2. See Secs. J>oph, J>op, gen. -ep, also J>opepes, masc. ; foulness, filth, foul humour, flegma, pituita, is masc., Lb. II. xvi. 2 ; xxviii. and in hopap, pituita , Gl. in Lye. Gl. Sonm. p. 72 a, 55. Written Opap, Quadr. viii. 6. See corrections, Vol. L Neuter, Lb. II. xvi. 1. Flegmata, hoph, Gl. M.M., p. 156 b, 5. Gl. Cleop. fol. 39 d. Horewes, Gl. Mone, p. 404 b. IIopis, mucous, purulent. Gl. Prud. p. 146 b. J>opn abl, a disease of foul humours in the stomach. Lb. II. xxvii. From hoph, filth. llpacu, gen. -an, fem., throat, guttur. p©p Synube on $ape hpacan ppylce hasp hpyle pealS p»pe. G.D. 226 b. There yawned in the throat as if there had been a sort of pit. Lb. I. i. 17. K. prints a masc. SS. p. 148, line 32. Hpw^can, acc., breaking, exscreatio, Lb. I. i. 16. )}p»ctunse, the uvula, Lorica, lxx. Lb. I. v. 4. Hpacan, feuces, Gl. in Lye. J}p«ctunse — cont. -f range, tongue. Hpsecerang is different. Lb. II. viii. Hpsecan, to clear the throat, screare , + et frequentative, + uns, parti- cipial termination. )}p©pnep pot, masc., “ ravens foot,’ ’ p ilewort, ranunculus ficaria, Bot In Hb. xxviii. made Chameedafne, which, literally translated, is “ ground laurel or bay,” and determined by Sprengel to be rus- cus racemosus .** That it is indeed a ruscus is quite evident by the words of Dioskorides ; Kapvbv 1th nepupepr} IpvQpiv, rols pipng, fem., gen. -e, scab, crust of a healing wound. Lb. I. xxxv. at end, the context requires this sense. Cf. Dpieybo, scabies. ftjujTung, fem., gen. -e, spasmodic action. Isl. at Hrista quatere y in the reflexive, contremiscere. Lb. II. xlvi. Dpyt, febricitat. Lb. II. xxv. DjjySepen, bovinus. Lb. II. viii. frjiot, neut., moisture , mucus, thick fluid. Lb. II. xxviii.; ohg. Roz, mucus , in - rheuma . l>pu$. Lb. II. xxiv. }}unbej*heajrob,“ hounds head,” snapdragon , antirrhinum oronlium , Bot . In lib. lxxxviii., Canis caput The German Hun dskopf is A. orontium , and according to Kilian in kalfs-snuyte, canis caput is antirrhinum. The drawings in MSS. V. and T. represent, I hold, this plant. “ Cynocephaleon, heoptclaype,” Gl. Somn. p. 63 b, 56, hart clover , melilot, which might be made in a drawing to cluster its flowers as snapdragon. Dunbey tunge, fem., gen. -an, hounds - tongue , cynoglosswm officinale. In Hb. xlii. this is made = bugloss ; in MS. V., allowing for conventional and incorrect drawing, the figure (fol. 30 c.) seems intended for lycopsis arvensis , Bot., or small bugloss ; similarly MS. A., fol. 24 b. MS. G. draws echium vulgare, or vipers bugloss. MS. T. has given us, instead of bugloss, a picture of house- leek. The houndstonguc family of plants is akin to the bugloss race, and our Saxon interpreter was, perhaps, unable to discriminate. “Buglossan, glosvyrt “ vel hundes tunga. Canis lingua, hun- “ des tunga,” Gl. Dun. “ Lingua bobule “ ( bubula ) oxan tungc,” id., “buglossa “ hertestunge, ossentunge,” Gl. in Mone, p. 283 a. “ Bugilla, hundestunge,” id. p. 285 b. (bugle, aiuga rep tans, Bot.), “ lingua cervina, huntzenge,” id. p. 289, (a mistake, read hertszunge). “ Buglosse, “ foxes glofa,” id. p. 320 a ; “ canis “ lingua, hundestunge,” id. ibid. That cynoglossum officinale is houndstonguc in German, Dutch, Dansk, Swedish, may have arisen from translation and instruc- tion ; but why not so also with the Saxons ? The drawing in V. is more like borage (H., from a pen and ink sketch), but the blooms have no blue colour. Digitized by Google 396 GLOSSARY. )}une, gen. -an, horehound , marrubium vulyare. Lb. I. iii. 11., etc. ftunigteap, gen. -es, masc., destination from the comb , without squeezing, virgin honey , mel purissimum, e favo sponte quod effiuxit. “ Mell stillativum,” Lb. I. I ii. 1. “ Nectareum, humgteapenne,” Gl. Prud. p. 140 b. “ Nectaris, hunigteapep,” Gl. Mone, p. 384 b, 4. “ Favum nectaris, “ hums camb teapep,” Regularis Con- cordia. Ityeoppa, masc., a whorl , verticillus. Lb. ILL vi. Dpeppe, fem.? gen. -an? Lb. Iii. 1, is a “ great wort; ” the radical syllable implies | roundness, as in J}pep, a kettle , ?>pep- , pette (a gourd , a calabash , and then) a cucumber. See Hb. xxii. Is it then i the bulb, colchicum autumnalef )>pioppban, neut., knee cap , patella. In the ! Lorica, Vol. I. lxxi., the gloss of poplcs, j which is an error. See peoh bpeoppa. )>piccubu, -cpeobu, gen. hpitep cpibuep, mas tic h , the gum of the pistacia lentiscus. So the Gil. Lb. II. iii., Gl. Dun., etc. Dpicins, whiting , chalk and size. Lb. III. xxxix. i. I]i5, neut., gen. -ep, ivy; hedcra helix is the only species native to England; neut., Lb. III. xxx. Graff also marks the ohg. Ebah, ivy, neuter. Ipep, gen. Lb. I. ii. 10 ; I. iii. 7, etc. Ipifccapo, masc., gen. -an, ivy tar. Lb. III. xxvi. ; masc., Cf. Lb. III. xxxl u It is “ produced from the Body of the larger “ Ivy, being cut or wounded, and sorne- “ times dropping forth of it self.” Sal- mons English Physician, 1693, p. 991. “ Oleum cyfinum ( read Kiooivov) idem “ de bagis ( read hoods') hedene confi- “ citur sic. Sumis in ianuario mense “ cum ccperunt hcderec grana crcscere, “ etc.” MS. Harl. 4896, fol. 70 a. Innopapan, pi. viscera. Lb. II. xxxvi. In pi pan, pi., flavouring , condimentnm , Lb. II. vi., from pipan, herbs. L. Laicepypc, 1. generally a herb of healing , herba mcdicihalis , M.H. 137 a. 2. Campions , or ragged robin, or one of that kindred, Hb. cxxxiii. ; but, I fear, only from the syllables Lhjc- and Lych-. 3. Plantago lanceolata , “ lmcepypt, “ quinquenervia,” Gl. Cleop. fol. 83 a. Gl. M.M. Lakeblad, plantago maior, in West Gothland (Ncmnich). The plain- tain was famed for healing power. Lb. I. xxxii. 3. Lads, a letting , missio , Lb. III. cont xlvii. fem. ? Cf. ha blobkese, Lb. II. xxiii. ; bloblmspu, Beda, 616, 12, on ’foepe blob- leespe, 616, 5. Lambep caeppe, gen. -an, is said, Lb. I. i. 1 7. to be the same as Cress. Lapep, labep, laver, Hb. cxxxvi., is calleil Shim by Lyte also ; the botanists now call sium water parsnep, and the eaten laver, porphyra laciniata. Laver is a Latin word. Leac, gen. -es, neut. 1. Originally a wort , herba , olus , whence are derived leacccppc, leaccun, “ hortus olitorius,” leaepepb, a gardener. Houseleck and holleac are not alliaceous. Aarons leek is arum maculatum, Gl. Sloane, 5. 2. A leek , allium porrum , Lb. IL xxxii. vol. I. p. 376, where I cannot now find a verification for the masculine gender, unless by resorting to the old Dansk, Laukr, masc. pep, in JE.G. is a mis- print. Bpabeleac, probably leek, Allium j*or- rum , from the breadth of its leaves. Lb. II. Ii. 4. Lacn. 12. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 397 Leac — cont. Cpapleac, crow garlic , allium ursinum, or vineale , vol. I. p. 376. “ Centura ca- “ pita, asfodillus, ramese, crowe garlek,” Gl. Itawl. c. 506. Cpapleac, allium sativum. A gl. gives “ serpyllum,” but that is an inadmis- sible tale, for cpop means bunch, as of berries, and leac means leek ; we must therefore make our choice among asfo- j dclaceous plants ; and as those which | answer the description best are open to objection, for allium ampeloprasum is by far too rare, and allium vineale is crowleek, we fix on a common foreign but cultivated species. Lb. L ii. 13, 15; I. iii. 11; I. xxxix. 2; III. lxviii. The German Knoblauch has the same sense, and is this plant. Gap leac, allium oleraceum f Sec Lb. I. ii. 16 ; III. lx. lxi. Ilolleac, hollow wort, ,, fumaria bul- Itosa , the “ radix cava ” of the herborists ; Runde Hohlwurzel, Germ.; Ilnulroed, Dansk ; Ilolwortel (Kilian) ; Iliillrot, Swed. Lacn. 23, 61. Lb. . It is not corydalis, the root of which is not hollow. See English Botany, 1471. Secsleac, Lb. I. lviii. 1, Lacn. 37, is of course chive garlic, allium schcenopra - sum , the English and Hellenic names having the same sense. Leac cepse, fem., gen. -an. Lb. III. xv. | Erysimum alliaria is both leek and cress. Leah, gen. leaje, fem., ley , lixivium . Quad, ix. 14. Leechd. vol. I. p. 378. Lb. III. > xlvii. Lsefc, Gl. C. I Leakop, neut? lather , spuma saponacea ; see Lybpan, not fem. Lacn. 1 . Islandic | Lb'Sr, neut. lather . Cf. Lybpan, Alyl>- | pan. St. Marharete. LeaJ>oppypt, fem., gen. -e, lathertvort , soap- wort, saponaria officinalis. “ Borith u herba fullonum, lealSoppypt,” Gl. 1 Cleop. The plant yields lather freely. Lb. I. iii. 11. { Leonpot, masc., gen. -ep, lion foot, alche- milla vulgaris , Hb. viii. This name is I Leonpot— cont. foreign, and a translation of \soyror6bioy in Dioekoridcs. Leontopodion is alchc milla vulgaris in Dorsten, in Lyte, in Dansk ; “ Alchemilla vulgo appellatur et “ pes leonis,” Caesalpinus xiv. 249. Sib- thorp says, alchemilla alpina is to this day called Acovrordbioy. Sprengel says, that the Leontopodium of Dioscorides is M Gnafalium leontopodium, n and the figures in Y. G. T. Bodley, 130 (lxii.) agree. Lib, lyb, neut.? something medicinal and potent , a harmful or powerful drug, e “ wort,” MS. Harl. 3388. In Hb. cxxvii. hj>pypt is erifia, which is unknown, and from the drawing probably nothing but dwarf elder was understood. Viburnum lantana was never known by this name. Lybpan ? to lather , spumam e sapone con- ficere , aut ex quovis eiusmodi. Lybpe, imperat, Lb. I. 1. 2. Alybpe, Lb. I. xxii. 2. Alebpe, Lb. I. liv. Lijmle, Lb , I. lxi. 2. Somner said fistula, which is a disease ; Lye, fistula , enema ; it has been translated in connexion with the foregoing leechdoms, as if litS-ele, joint oil, synouia. Lonb abl, fem., gen. -e, nostalgia, Lb. II. lxv. 5. Lungenpypt, fem., gen. -e, lungwort , pulmonaria officinalis . Germ., Lungen- wurz; Dansk, Lungurt; Swed. Lungbrt. 2. A sort mentioned. Lb. I. xxxriii. 4, “ yellow upwards,” hieracium murorum and pulmonarium, golden lung wort. Lustmoce, fem., gen. -an, not in the gll., possibly by corruption of syllables, Ladys smock , cardamine pratensis , Lb. I. xxxviii. 3. 10. A kind with a cropp or bunchy head, Lb. I. xxxix. 2 ; I. xxxviii. 3. M. CDtel, gen. -ej*, neut, measure . Orientis Mir. ix. Chron. p. 354, line 31, anno 1085. Lb. I. ii. 1 ; H. vii. 44 Circinum, 44 maelcan^e,” Gl. Somn. p. 65 b, 4, a pair of compasses, measure tongs. Where bwsmaslap is printed, the MS. has dae£m»l up. CDage^e, CDasohe, fem., gen. -an, maythe , Anthemis nobilis. 2. pilbe magehe, maythe, Matricaria chamomiUa. 3. maythe , maythen, Anthemis cotula. 1. Chamaemelon is translated magehe, Hb. xxiv. 44 Camemelon, magethe,” Gl. Dun. 44 Beneolentem,” Gl. Brux. p. 41a, the distinctive mark of true chamomille. 44 Chomorailla, megede 44 blomen,” a Gl. in Mone, 286 b. 2. pilbe maghe, Lb. II. xxii., wild maythe , must be wild chamomille, for I do not find that No. 3 was ever supposed to possess medicinal properties; it is therefore matricaria chamomiUa. 3. The anthemis cotula is now called maythen, the final being, to speak after our grammars, derived from the termi- nation of the oblique caseB ; country folk say it may be always distinguished from the true camomille by its bad smell. The glossaries agree, 44 Camomilla 44 i . camamille similis est amarusce [ read 44 —ae] sed camomilla herba breuis est et 44 redolens et amarusca i . maythe fetit ” [fcetet], MS. Rawlinson,c. 707. 44 Herba 44 putida, maes’Sa,” Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, line 11. 44 Mathers, May weed, Dogs 44 cammomill, Stinking cammomill, and 44 Dogfenel.” Lyte (A.D. 1595). Perhaps the Saxons included pyrcth- rum parthenium. These plants are so much alike that it requires much tech- nicality to distinguish them ; the artist in MS. V. took the liberty of making the flowers blue. Calmia, maybe, MS. Sloane, 146, with i marked. 44 Culmia, 44 magethe,” Gl. Dun., whence correct Somner. Gl. p. 66 [63] b, line 6. Calmia is calamine, ore of zinc, and these glosses are blunders. Reabe magehe, anthemis tinctoria. Lb. I. lxiv. White maythe, pyrethrum inodomm. 44 Bucstalmum [ read fiolxpeaXpor], hvit 44 megethe,” Gl. Dun. ; printed bucstal- inum, Gl. Brux. p. 41 a. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 399 CDape, Lb. I. xxxi. 7, perhaps potentiUa as Mara, in Iceland now (Olaf Olafeens Urtagards Bok) ; the cottony potentilla will be silverweed , p. antenna, with ar~ gentea. ODaycpypr, max-, fem., mashwort , the wort in the mash tub , Lacn. 111. Lb. II. xxiv. On the malt boiling water is poured, and allowed to stand three quarters of an hour ; the liquid is wort, or mash- wort Braxivium atque bulita cum braseo nondam ccrevisia, vert ; a Belgic Gl. in Mone, p. 304 a. OCeaph, meaps, masc. and neut, marrow ; masc., old Dansk Margr, Lb. III. lxx. ; neut., Germ. Mark, Lb. I. ii. 22. ODeaprc meap gealla, masc., gen. -an, be- longs, from its bitterness implied in “ gall,” to gentianaceous plants, and from its habitat in marshes may be, gentiana pneumonanthe. Lb. I. xxxix. 2 ; I. 1. 2. ODebo, gen. mebepey, neut, mead. Lb. II. lii. 1 ; II. liiL In old German, Mete, and in old Danish, Mio'Sr, are masc. Gen. Gl. Mone, p. 395 b. CDebopyjic, fem., gen. -e ; 1. Meadow sweet, spircea ulmaria. “ Regina prati, Germ. “ Wiesenkdnigin ; Dansk, Miodurt ” (Nemnich). “ Melissa, medwort, regina “ prati.” Gl. Harl. 3388. So Gl. Bodley, 178. “ Melletina,” Gl. Somn. 63 b, 53. “ Regina medpurt,” Gl. Harl. 978 (A.D. 1240). “ Mellanna,” Gl. Dun. Lb. I. xxxviii 10. 2. Melissa officinalis , balm. “ Nas- “ turtium [h]ortolan[um] medwort,” Gl. Harl. 3388. ODen, masc. ? a part , a proportional part = Swedish, M&n, masc. a part. Lb. I. 1. 2. The construction with a numeral admits either a plural or a singular. Meox, Meohs, neuter, muck, dung , fimus , stereos. D»t meox is base gemynb his yulan bwba, Horn. IL 408, The dung of the parable is the memory of his foul deeds . CDepce, gen. -ey, masc., marche , apium. Hb. xcvii., cxx. ; GL Somn. p. 64 a, 1 1 ; Hb. cxxix. Stan mepce, parsley , Apium petrose- linum. Gl. Brux. ^ubu mepce, wood marche , sanide , Sanicula Europcea , a gloss in Lacn. 4, also Gl. Laud. 553, fol. 18. Gl. Ilarl. 978, which was overlooked, so that note 9, p. 35, requires correction. It is a suitable name. Lb. I. i. 15 ; I. xxxix. 2 ; I. lxi. 2 ; m. ii. 6. ODey ? = miyt, a mess , dung. Lb. I. xxxviii. 1 1 . Mes, stereos , fimus (Kilian). Micel lie, elephantiasis. Bona pupbon “Suphylegene mib bape able b»y myclan licey, G.D. 210 a, Soon were smitten with “ elephantinus morbus .” Mylsc ? or Mylsce ? mild , mitis. Lb. I. xlii. ; II. xri., p. 194. Gemilsceb, Lb. II. xix. xx. CDilce, masc., gen. -ey, also -an, the milt , the spleen. Lb. II. xxxvi. with gen.-ey ; but gen. -an, Lacn. 110; Quad. ii. 8; Hb. xxxii. 6 ; and fem., Hb. xxxii. 6 ; lvii. 1. Mynet, neut., money , moneta. Bed. 532, 1. Lb. H. xv. CDmte, fem., gen. -an, mint , mentha. Fenmince, mentha silvestris. Lb. I. iii. 2. Sseminte. Lb. 1. xv. 4. Tunmmte, mentha sativa. Lb. I. ii. 23. COiyrel, masc. ? basil. 1. Clinopodium vuU gare. In Hb. cxix., cxxxvii. equivalent to &Ktpov , basil. “ Ocimum, mistel,” Gl. Mone, p. 321 b, is a repetition not a support. “Ocimus, mistel,” Gl. Dun., another echo. “Mistil, basilice,” MS. Bodley, 130, on Ocimum : an inde- pendent statement CDiytel is a deriva- tive of CDiyt, much , and the clinop. vulg. is called in German, Kleiner dost, from Doste; old high g. Dosto, marjoram , and that may be compared with Dost caenum , dirt, eoptf mi feel, Lb. xxxvi., seems to distinguish this from the mistletoe ; a few lines lower is Acini feel. Digitized by Google 400 GLOSSARY. CDifcel— cont, 2. Mis tclloe , viscum album. Germ. Swed. Mistel, maac ; Dansk, Mistel (en). “Viscarago, ml)Tlltan, ,, 01. Somncr, p. 64 a, line 56. “ Mijrelta, chamaeleon, “ viscus, Cot. 175, 210.** Lye. Cha- meleon is J>iptel, not mijrel. “ Misti 1, “ viscus,” Graff ohg. Lb. I. xxxvi. j The mi8tle or mistletoe is propagated \ by being carried in the dung of birds. CByxenplante, fem. ? gen. -an ? Lb. I. . lviii. 4. “Morelia,” Gl. Sloane, 14G ; so MS. T., fol. 62 b, that is, atropa belladonna. CDopofc, CDojiaft, a decoction , the ffyux of the j medical writers ; glossed carenum , Gl. j Somn. p. 62 a, 11, jvhich is must boiled j down to one third part of its bulk and sweetened. But this gloss is not quite appropriate in the first example in Lb. I. xxxv., which requires r£ 4k (iparos t like IxOvs brb Ctparos in Trallianus. Occ. Lb. I. xlviii. 2. Moraz in the Nibelunge Not., 1750, is interpreted by the Germans mulberry wine , Do schancte man den gesten .... mete moraz unte win ; then was poured out for the gueste mead , moraz and wine. CDopu, fem., gen. -an; 1, a root. 2, the root, the edible root, namely, carrot , bavKov. Lb. I. xviii. ; I. ii. 23. Cf. Felbmopu, Germ. Mohre, fem. “ his erbe “ [squill] hah a rounde more lyk to an “ onyon.” MS. Bodley, 536. “ Ne beoh heo nowt alle forlore, “ That stumpeh at he flesches more.’’ Owl and Nightingale, 1389. j Cnglipc mopu, parsnep , pastinaca saliva. Lb. I. ii. 23 ; III. viii. J^ylipc mopu, pealmopu, carrot, daucus cariota , Lb. HI. viii. Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 33. GDoppypc, fem., gen. -e, “moor wort;” the small moor wort occurs Lb. I. lviii. 1. Somner says, Moor grasse is ros solis, that is, sundew, drosera, which grows on moist heaths. “ Silver weed, CDoppypt — cont. “ or cotton grass ” (Nemnich), that is, potentilla anscrina or erioforum. The German interpreters of St Ilildc- gard make it the Parnassia palustris. Mucgpypc, Hb. art. xiii., ariemisia Pontica . See Anzeiger fur Kunde teutscher Vor- zeit, 1835. GDuppa, fem., gen. -an ? cicely , myrrhis odorata. Lb. I. i. M vfifils, oi pvpftxv KoXovis netle, «. dioica . Lb. I. xlvii. Neupipne, acc., a disease. Lb. L lix. and contents. Nepepeoba, Nu-, masc., gen. -an, that part of the belly which lies between the navel and the share or pubes, the pit of the belly. Lb. II. xxxvi., xxxi., xvii. and contents xlvi. “ Ilium, 1 ” Gl. M.M., * p. 137 b, 15. O. Opeppyllo, neut, overflow , overfilling, spuma vas coronans. Lb. I. li. Oreppepipc, from over sea, transmarinus. Lb. I. vi. 6. M.H. 100 a. The reading Opeppaepirc is not in the MS. nor agree- able to analogy. Ornet, (gen. prob. -ep), a close vessel. In Lb. L ii. 11, opnete translates “ vas- “ culo clauso vel operto.” The word may be connected with open, oven ; the K\lfayos was a close vessel covered up in the hot embers, and an oven at the same time. Oppcoteo, properly badly wounded by a shot, but specially used, Lb. I. Ixxxviii. 2., II. lxv. L, for elf shot, the Scottish term, that is, dangerously distended by greedy devouring of green food. It is spoken of cattle ; sheep are very subject to it, if they get into a clover field at full freedom. “ The disease consists in 44 an overdistension of the first stomach, 44 from the swelling up of clover and 44 grass, when eaten with the morning 44 dew on it.” VOL. II. Oppcocen— cont. Next you’ll a warlock turn, in air you’ll ride, Upon a broom, and travel on the tide ; Or on a black cat mid the tempests prance In stormy nights beyond the sea to France ; Drive down the barns and byars, prevent our sleep, Elfehoot our ky, and smoor mang drift our sheep. Falls of Clyde, p. 120. 44 The approved cure is to chafe the parts 44 affected with a blue bonnet. The bas- 44 ting is performed for an hour without 44 intermission, by means of blue bonnets. 44 The herds of Clydesdale, I am assured, 44 would not trust to any other instru- 44 ment in chafing the animal.” Jamie- son in Elfshot, and Suppl. 44 When 44 cattle are swollen they are said to be 44 degbowed. I have frequently known 44 a farmer strike a sharp knife through 44 the skin, .between the ribs and the 44 hips, when the cow felt immediate 44 relief from the escape of air through 44 the orifice, so that the distended car- 44 case instantly collapsed, and the ex- 44 crements blown with great violence 44 to the roof of the cow house.” Carrs Craven GL 44 Deggbound, mightily ‘‘swelled in the belly.” Yorkshire dialogue, Gl. 1697, A.D. Ome ? -an ; fern. ? corrupt humour, es- pecially gastric, the pituita of the medical and classical authors ; also Erysipelas, the external symptom of such a humour. Lb. I. xxxv. Dat. pi Omum; gen. pi. Omena. The analogy of the Islandic suggests a feminine form. Omppe, fem., gen. -an, dock, rumex ; the German Ampfer, masc., dock, rumex. 44 Rodinaps, ompre, docce,” Gl. Mone, p. 322 a. 44 Cocilus,’ GL Cleop. If kovko\Is, not likely. Of the Omppe, that will swim, see Docce. Lb. I. viii. 2 ; III. xxvi. Lacn. 23. C C Digitized by Google 402 GLOSSARY Onjrealle, fellon. Lb. I. xxxix., xli., obi. cas., from the contents. Onped, gen. -es, some wort ; herba qum- dam. Lb. L xl. i.; II. lii. 1. Onrppengan, to administer a clyster . Lb. 1. iv. 6. From Sppros, a gush of water , hence, a lavement, a sousing , a washing , a K\vepie, SutSepije, fem., gen. -an, savory, satureia hortensis . The interpretation, “ Satirion,” Gl. Somn., p. 64 b, 16, is an evident error. Savory is in England a garden plant, and retains its foreign S»>epie — conL name. All the orchis tribe are “ bal- “ loc ” worts. Lb. HI. xii. 2. Sap, gen. -es, neut everywhere : See acc. Sapan, Lb. II. xxviii. It is also, as Sio sap, sometimes put for Sio soph ; Bw. 49, 29. So G.D. 201 b. C.E. 134, line 23. Sapcpen, disposed to soreness. Lb. IL i. 1. There iB no corresponding word in the Hellenic text ; this is epexegetical, and must be interpreted accordingly. Scapu, fem., gen. -e, the share , that is, the pubes. Lb. II. xxxi, xxxii. It is a word well known to those who have heard pure English spoken, and is neither “ Ilium ” nor “ Penis ” nor “ Alvus,” but something near each of those. The books generally make a confusion, but Sharebone is always, I think, Os pubis. See a quotation in Halliwell, but strike out “ of a man.” Compare also Penil, pubes, with Penul, a schare, in Garlande and Biblesworth, p. 121, p. 148. Sceaban, prat. Sceab, p. part Sceaben, to shed, let fall ; also intransitively fall ; infunder e, inspergere. Lb. I. it 23. ; I. lxi. 2.; II. iii. Hb. ii. 6. Cf Lye, Sceban. -ZEj-ceba, migma , Gl. in Lye, which is doubtless to be understood as the substantive of 'AuoplnrtoQas, Emungi. Sceapen, adj of sheep , ovinus. Lb. I. lviii. Sceapylian, to scrape , radere. Hb. lxxxi. 5. The l is frequentative. f Sceappan, prat, f Sceapp, scrape , es- pecially scrape herbs fine. Geyceapp, Hb. lvii. 1. The same in substance as Sceappan, Hb. i. 2. Sceappe, fem., gen. -an, a scarification, incisura in cute. Lb. I. lvi.; I. xxxv. Sceappian, to scarify , in superficie ccedere. Lb. I. xxxii. 2. Sceoppan, to scarify, rodere, mordere. Scypy#, Scypyenbum, Lb. I. xviii. pa S»pyci'8ay 7 J>a pyptpuman yceopyenbe y®pon, O.T. 270, line 32, began gnawing the grass sprouts and the roots . c c 2 Digitized by Google^ 404 GLOSSARY. Scinlac, gen. -es, neut., an apparition , visum ; gen. Gl. Mone, p. 402 b. ; peaplaces, Mattb. xxiii. 25. Boet p. 55, 7 ; accns. renig pcinlac, Quad. x. 1 ; plnr. -lacu, SMT). 27 b ; constr. neuter, DD. 437 foot, MSp. 8, plnr. Scinlac, Quad. ix. 1. But see lyblacas, DD. 344. Scytel, dung , from Scitan. Quadr. iii. 14, xi. 13. See the passages, where Somners notion of testiculus would require some drying process not mentioned. Scpimman, to shrink, a synonym of Scpin- can. Lb. L xxvi., contents. “ Skrim- “ pen, adj. som vrider eller undslaaer “ sig for Arbeide, som er meget kiselen “ eller emtaalig,” Molbech, one who flinches from work, etc. Cf. Shrammed, chilled (pinched with cold, O.C.) Wilts. Scrimd ; Devon, (heard by myself). Scpup, Gepceopp, neut., scurf. Lb. II. xxxv. Hb. clxxxi. 3. Seaban, Seaman, a feeling as if the cavity of the body were full of water swaying about, kXvSccvcs, undulationes , Lb. I. xiv. Sealh, Sealh, masc., gen. -ep, the sallow, 8alic-em, salix, of which seventy Eng- lish sorts are reckoned. The termination of the gen. shows the word is not fem., and few names of trees are neuter. Red Sallow, Lacn. 89, Salix rubra. See also repens, of Smith. Seap, neut, gen. -ep, juice. Hb. v. 2. Lb. I. ii. 14, and frequently. Secs, masc., gen. -ep, sedge ; “ car ex, “ gladiolus , n Gl. in Lye ; masc., Lb. I. xxiii. ; gen. I. xxxix. fromoppecs, “ hammer sedge.’ * Lb. I. lvi. 2. Homop is probably a bird, as in yellow hammer. “ Scorellus, omep,” Gl. C. Emberiza. Cf. clobhamep, Gl. Mone, 315 a; also Gl. Dief. lleab secs, “ red sedge,” Lb. I. xxxix. Selprete, gen. -an, avena fatua? wild oat f Lb. I. xxxiii. 2 ; m. viii., and perhaps by emendation for pealp reran, Lb. I. xlvii. 2. t Sengian, singe ; see Bepengian ; ohg. Sengjan, Bisengjan, and Bipeng is what grammarians would have end in a vowel. Sybe, masc., decoction, fapdyfrifxa, Hb. cliii. 4, from Seotfan. Sibsam, Lb. II. lxv. 5. Si ye, sieve, constr. as neut. Lb.’L xxxviii. 5, as Germ. Sieb, neut Yet Dutch Zeef is fem. Sypeftan, Sipe'San, SiopeSan, pi. bran, fur- fures. Boet p. 91, line 23. Gl. Cleop. In Hb. civ. 1, it translates \bois, which is said to be flour ; but here is a tradition that it is bran. Sigelhpeoppa, gen. -an, masc. 1. Yellow milfoil, Achillea tomeniosa , masc., as Lb. ni. xxxii. In Hb. l. = Heliotropion. All plants turn to the sun, which of them is meant ? In MS. V. “ Achillea ser- “ rata ” (H.) seems to be drawn ; the other drawings do not at all resemble this. “ Eliotropia, sigelhverpha. Elio* M trophus, 6igel hveorfa. Nimphea, collon “ croh vel sigelhveorua. Solsequia, si- “ gel hveorua. Achillea, collon croch,” Gl. Dun. Most of these are translations, and so equivalents : nymphea is the yellow water lily, and croh is crocus, yel- low also. The testimony of the drawing falls in so well with that of the old glossary, that we must accept Achillea ; and as we must also attend to the hints for yellowness, it must be A. tomeniosa. 2. Scorpiurus heliolropion, for Hb. cxxxvii. - is founded on Dioskorides, yjXiorpdviovjh p4ya,b Ivioi ticdXtoav osop- slovpov. The figure in MS. T. for art 1. agrees. The drawing in MS. Y. art cxxxvii. is nearly destroyed, what re- mains looks like “Polygonum convol- “ vulu8.” (H.) The “ round seed ” forbids us to think of sunflower, Helian- thus, which is also Mexican. 3. Cichorium.intybus ? Often Turnsol and Heliotrope in glossaries. So Germ. Sonnen wendel (Adelung). 4. Euphorbia helioscopia . A small Siselhpeoppe, Lb. I. xliv. 2. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 405 SiSj-onte, a wort, herba qusedam ignota. Lb. I. xxxi. 7. Sinehe, ever easy ; pn-ej>pe, Lb. IL xlvi. Sinpulle, gen. -an, houselcek , Sempervivum tectorum. Tbe syllable sin like sem in Semper, means always ; as also in Sin- Spene. Sinpulle is Sempervivum, Hb. cxxv. That herb is drawn in MS. V., explained, as the green pigment has left only the external cast in the vellum, by MS. A., and in MS. G., where it is glossed “ hufwurc,” that is, Hauswurz, and in MS. T. These all point the same way. Singreen seems only a more generic term, in later times, but “ The mickle * l sinfulle,” Lb. II. xxxiv., shows that this term also in early times would in- clude Sedums, as S. Telephium , Lb. I. iii. 11. Smspene, fem., gen. -an, singreen , any sort of Sedum, with sempervivum tecto- rum, literally always green. Hb. lxxxvi. “ Sedo magno, Houseleeke or Sen- “ greene,” Florio. “ Joubarbe, House- 4< leek, Sengreen, Aygreen, etc.” Cot- grave. In Hb. xlix. = Temolus, that is, Moly, the Homeric pu\v, a garlic, Allium moly. In I)ansk. the evergreen periwinkle, Vinca . pa prnalan pnspenan, Lb. I. viii. 2, shows that Singreen was a gene- ric name. “ Colatidis,” also “ Temolus “ vel titemallos,” Gl. Dun. “ Temolus,” Hb. xlix., saying the root is bulbous, drawing it large, and with leaves and stem in MS. V., like Pinguicula vulgaris (II.), with no resemblance to Vinca. Sintpwnbel, masc. ? a bolus , “ turundula ,” Lat Hb. xiv. 2. Sin, as in Sinepealt, round ; Tpenbel has a masc. termina- tion. Slapie ? gen. -an, Salvia sclarea , Lb. I. xv. 5. Sleeve can, palpitate with strong beats, Lb. H. xxvii ; from Sleeve, a sledge hammer, and the frequentative termination -etan, -ectan. Slype ? gen. -an, a viscid or sloppy sub- stance. Masc. Lb. L i 6. Fem. Lacn. Slype— cont. 46. Cf. Slipi£. Cf. Cu slyppan, Oxan slyppan. Smegapypm, Smoesa-, Smea-, masc., gen -ey, Lb. I. liii. ; III. xxxix., a worm or insect that penetrates , that eats its way, a burrowing insect ; cf. None, Snyuga, 1. irrepere , 2. penetrare , E. Smugan, to creep, Sraygelap, cuniculi , conies or their burrows. Somn. Gl. M.M. Smepopypt, 1 . Aristolochia rotunda , for- eign, and A. c/maMis, English. Hb.xx., Lb. IH. xlvii., with several glossaries and MSS., Gl. I)un., Gl. HarL 3388, Gl. Sloane, 5. A. longa , Gl. Sloane, 405. 2. Mercurialis, Gl. Raw!. C. 607. Gl. HarL 3388 in margin. G. de Bibles- worth, p. 162. Gl. Sloane, 5, fol. 34. Gl. Sloane, 135. 3. From the qualities, Pinguicula , butterwort. Smitan, to smudge , illinere, Lb. I. xxxi. 3 ; related to modern Smut ; in Lye Smitta. Snaib, fem. gen. -e, a bolus , a morsel, Lacn. 81. Lb. I. XV. 6 ; I. Iii. 3 ; 11. lxiv. ; III. lxii. p. 348 ; HI. Ixv. Seo snaeb, Horn. II. 272. S.S. p. 169, line 809. But $a snsebas, C.D. 207. SogoSa, gen. -an, corrupt humour , pituita with hiccup , hicket , sobbing , At rypds, sin- gultus, Hb. xc. 11 ; Lb. I. ii. 1 ; II. xxxix., where the original is perh 8c ravra \v£ov(ri. Alex. Trail, p. 480, ed. Basil. From Susan. iEljyogocSa, elvish hiccup , the same thing gone to a frightful extreme. Thus irdvra yhp iiroirjaa ravra kclL tirl peyd\ov At ryuov rotrovrov, ws xnrovociv herbs K\tvys itd\\epypt, fern. gen. -e, “ staithwort ; ** if we choose the commonest of the sea- shore plants it will be Statice, compre- hending thrift and sea lavender. Lb. I. xxxii. 3. “ A6ter atticus,” Somner, but why? Scan b® hi neut, o vapour bath, contrived by heating “ stones ” that would not fly, and pouring on water. Lb. L xli. Scebe, masc., strangury, “ stranguria,” Lat. of Quad. ii. 15., yiii. 11. Radically; the being stationary, still standing ; as in Sunnscebe, solstice. So N®pon hme heopba pcebise, Gen. xxxi 38., thine herds were not barren. Scemp, stamp , Leechd. voL I. p. 378. Scicce, neut, sticky stuff, viscid fluid ; Lb. I. xxxix. 2. Scice, fern., gen. -e, a pricking sensation , a stitch, a stab ; Quad. xiii. 10. Inscice, Lb. II. liv. lxiv. contents. All cited passages have this declension. Scpcelpypc, fern., gen. -e, the commonest club mass, Lycopodium clavatum. “ Cal- “ litrichon,” MS. ap. Somn., but in this term were included the club mosses. Sepal as arrow , may have given name to this moss, as the stems look like arrows with the feathers up and the heads in the ground. Were it not for this gl. we might interpret Galium verum, from Scpffil, bed; our ladys bed straw. Stpeap, Scpeop, straw, neuter in Lb. L iii. 12. Rushw. Matth. vii. 3. (streu), is masc. At$o{. 46. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 407 Sagan, to moisten , macerare , madefacere , Sygtf, Hb. xxxv. 3 ; p. part Sogen, as appears by SogotSa, Foppogen ; c£ Socian in Lexx. ; also Isl. Soggr, madidus , Lb. IL xv. Da yoppoteban punbe puge ^ clsen- pge, P.A. 24 b. Moisten and cleanse the putrified wound. Asogen. C.E. 373. 1. 19. Sunbcopn, gen. -ep, neut, Saxi/raga gra - nulata . Sunbcopn, Hb. xcix. is saxifraga, and the statement is accompanied by a remarkable drawing, represented in the fee simile to Leechdoms, vol. I. ; see pref. lxxix. The word copn itself, as signify- ing grain , assists our determination of the herb. In the Latin Apuleius, MS. Bodley, 130, a gloss is “ Sundcom.” MS. A. fol. 45 b, has also a portion of earths surface, but figures the herb above ground, not quite correctly. “ Saxifrigia, sundcorn, ,, GL Dun. The same gl. in the MS. Lacn. 18, where fifteen grains are men- tioned in the text. So Gl. Mone, p. 442 a. 2. Lithospermon officinale, Hb. clxxx. It appears by a glossary in Anzeiger fur Kunde der teutscher Vorzeit 1835, col. 247, that the false readings meant ftinnan copn, Milium 6olis, which must be taken as an emendation of the text Supe, fem., gen. -an, sorrel, Rumex Ace - tosa , also Oxalis. Gcacep pupe, cuckoos sorrel, Oxalis Acetosella. Monnep pupe, Rumex Acetosa. Lb. I. li. Supmelpc, sourish , sour sweet. Lb. II. i. “ Malus matranus, pupmelpc apulbep,” Gl. Somn., p. 64 b, 48 ; correct Malus matiana, pupmelpc apulbpe ; the crab tree. “ Maciana . i . mala siluestria,” Gl. Harl. 3388. “ Mala maciana, po- ** mnm siluestre, wode crabbis,” id. So Dorsten, Gl. Mone, p. 290 a. Melpc is a separate word, “ Meiarium, milpc 44 apulbp.” Gi.M.M.p. 159 a, 27, pro- bably for mel-ipc, formed on Mel, honey , which therefore appears genuine English, as in Melpeocel, Melbeap, St. Marh. Gl., Supmelpc — cont. not hibrid words ; related to Mebu, mead , SSpp. art 511. Spane pypr, fem., gen. -e. Lb. I. xxxi. 7. Spar, gen. -es. 1. sweat. 2. blood. 3. hydromel. Hid. 22 a. The gender has been given only from other Teutonic languages, as masc. ; but in Lacn. Ill, spa #a spat beo$ mippenlicu, as the sweats are various , the form makes it neuter. Dutch Zweet, neut ; Isl. Sveiti ; Germ. Schweiss ; Swedish Svett, masc. Speglep scppel ; Lfb. I. ii. 12, also 21 ; I. xiv., I. xxiii. The receipt Lb. I. ii. 12, pepper, salt, wine, and swails apple, corresponds with the following words of Alex. Trail., p. 48, line 4, ed. 1548. ‘AA by hfifxtayiaKod (our author often solves his difficulties by omission) Tod, (ptMuv To y, veircpfcos To s', iroi^tras £7 iplov &rd\eia pullneppa 'Ssep ftyprpan opnep $e me a*p “Suphppeogh on peg aplymebe, Beda, 629, 21. Put to flight all the foulnesses of the darksome furnace , which previously had scorched me. 1> nonig bipceop ohjiep bipceoppcipe onppoge, Beda, 575, 32, that no bishop invade another bishops diocese. Cf. Inppogennyp, invasion, Beda, 507. Spyle, masc., gen. -ep, a swelling. Hb. ix. 3. On mycelpe spyle, Bed. 616, 6, is some error ; see 616, 38. Digitized by Google d 408 GLOSSARY. Spyppan, prat Speopp, p. part. Spoppen, to file , to grind away , whether by a file or a grindstone ; and so to polish. “ Spyppb limat,” GL Prud., p. 144 b. “ Appoppen expolitus,” id. p. 142 a. Spoppen C.E., p. 410, 24 ; p. 497, 18, also notes. Cf. Gothic Swairban ; ohg. Swerban, Fars- werban. Apseppeopp, brass filings. Lb. I. xxxiv. 1. Geppypp, gen. -ep, filings. Hb. ci. 3. Spipman, swarm, de apibus, examen ex alveari educere. Leechd. vol. I., p. 384. Cf. “ Coaloissent, suopnabun.” Gl. C. read suopmabun for speopmabon ? Spopan, to swoon , see seppopuns, swowe in Will, and Werwolf, p. 4. T. -tange, -tenge, -tinge, as a termination occurs in Getenge, accidental to, quod accidit alicui , in Incinga, occasion , in Geaboptenge, culjcLccnt, in Samtengep, continually ; the same syllable is seen in contingit, contigit, Tvyxdveiv, Tvxv , Tangere, Qiyeiv, Touch. Teagan, to prepare , parare. lanb mib to teagenne :• Da b lanb tSa geceab psep. Beda, 605, 33. Cu'Sbertht requested some husbandry tools wherewith to till the land; so when the land was prepared. prat, tcobe, CE. 335, 1. 16, 336, L 4. Tapu, Teapo, neut., gen. -op ; tar , gum, dis- tillation from a tree; wax in the ear; neut, Lb. I. xlv. 3, 1. liv., I. lxi. 1, also makes tapan, masc., Lb. III. xxvi., xxxi. hone team Lacn. 3. Geclsem ealle ha seamas mid tyrwan, Horn. L 20, calk all the seams with tar. So Gen. vi. 1 4. Typpan pop peallum, Gen. xi. 3. Gepopht op tigelan. t op eopScypepan, OT. 304, 12, wrought of tiles , thin bricks, such as the Romans made, and bitumen. Telgpa, masc., gen. -an, branch, ramus, Quad. i. 7. Sume bonne sneddun t el- gran of treowum, Matth. xxi. 8, Rush- worth, ed K. Teon, prat . teah, p.p. togen, draw, ducere. The translation of getogen, Quad. yi. 11, as tightened, is justified by the context and by the following example. A monk calls on the devil to untie his sandals, and the devil does so : then the monk is frightened and backs out, but “5a gepune- bon ‘Sa hpangap on micelum b«le onto- gene onliflobe ; GD. 217 a., the thongs remained in great part untightened and eased. Tetpa, Lb. II. xxx., appears to be an error for Tetep, masc., tetter, impetigo . HaqS tetep on his lichoman, P.A. 15 b., hath tetter on his body. Se tetep butan pape he opepgai'5 ealne Sone lichoman, ibid., “Impetigo quippe sine dolore corpus “ occupat.” So Sc. 46 a. The gll.. Quad. ii. 10, Hb. xlvi. 6, exxii. Tipe, fem? bitch ; Isl. Tik, bitch, fern. Dansk. Taeve, bitch. Lb. II. lx. contents. Typbelu, Typblu, pi ., little tords, tredles ; the droppings of sheep are called sheeps tredles in Somerset, trattles in Suffolk. See Moor Gl. ; further. Tridlins: Craven Gl. Lb. I. xxxi. 4, II. lix. 6, etc. Togetre'S, there are tuggings , spasms. Lb. I. XXV. Top begete, hard gotten. Lb. I. xlv. 5. The expression goes to mark a Dansk admixture in the Lb. Cf. Torpenginn, hard to get, in the Laws of Magnus the law mender ; Nu ap Jm at vinno menn ero miok torfengnir i herafti, oc allir vilia nu i kaupferdir fara. Kaupa Bolkr. 23, Now since men for labour are very hard to get in the country, and all will now go a trading. Tor, with o long, is fre- quent in later English, “ It were tor for “ to telle al here atyr riche,” William and Werwolf, fol 21 ; “It were toor for “ to telle treuli al >e sobe,” id. fol. 75, with the notes. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 409 Tojib, a piece of dung, stercus conformatum ; neat., Lb. L xlviii. 2 ; I. lxxiL ; 111. xxxviii. Quad. vi. 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24, Lacn. Topmge, blear eyed, with eyes inflamed and full of acrid tears. Hb. xvi. 3, “ ad “ lippitudinem oculorum,” Lat Hb. liv. 1, “ad epiphoras oculorum,” Lat., that is, excess of lacrymose humour. A compound of typan, and ease. Toft, tooth , dens , makes dat. sing. to)>e, Lb. HI. iv., but teb, Exod xxi. 24, and nom. pL tej>, Lb. III. iv., but tobas, Gft. 34, SS. 141, acc. pi. teft, Lb. L vi. 5. TobsaPi a tooth pick. Lb. L ii. 22. Gap is not a weapon originally, but cuxph, some- thing at an acute angle, as in the Gore of a gown. See jajia, Cod. Dipl, vol. iii. TpiS, neut, a trough , Lb. III. xlviii. ppuh, another form of the same word, is fern, in all the examples cited by Lye ; is neut. in C. D. 118, A.D. 770. Bibbenbe anej* lyrlep tposej*, OT. 312, 32, Beg- ging for a little boat. Tulge, root of tongue , Lb. L xlii., there is no notion of flesh, or muscle, or hypo- glottis. It is Gothic, Tulgus, itycuos, crrcptis. Gothic, Tulgifta, fem. oxfyupa, a recovery , valetudo in melius conversa. Lb. I. iv. 5. Nu if b«e b®jm cymen apaecneb to pyppe peopeum ebpea, C.E. 5, line 8, now is that bairn come, raised up for the recovery of the Hebrews from their miseries. The passage is congratulatory. C.E. 336, line 5. pyptung, fem., gen. -e, a preparation of worts. Quad. iv. 5. pitm»jiep pypt, pihtmwpep pypt, “ Wiht- M mars wort.” Lb. I, ii. 1 3. “ Britta- “ nica Yihtmeres vyrt vel heaven hin- “ dele,” Gl. Dun. It may therefore be spoonwort, scurvy grass , Cochlearia Any lie a. See fraepen hybele. pi$e- piftopinbe, gen. -an, fem. ?, withy- wind, convolvulus , both Conv. sepium and arvensis . Lb. L ii. 20 j I. vi. 7; I. xlix. masc., gen. pr&ep, a withy , a willow , salix . Lb. I. lxxiv. AEG. 13, line 54. ponpeeapta and ba ponpeeaptan, Lb. II. # xxxviii. and contents, may be taken either as lividness or meagreness. The passage of Philagrios, does not exhibit the word. ppwtte, gen. -ep, crosswort, galium crucia- tum. Lb. in. i, viii. Lacn. 12,29. Wa- rantia ppet, gl. Leechd. vol. L p. 376. “ Yermiculum . i . parance . i . protte,” Gl. Harl. 978, with “ cruciata maior “ warence,” Gl. M. The Galium tribe were often called by names which mark their relationship to the Madder, thus Vermiculus, properly the cochineal insect used to get a red dye, transfers its name to Madder, Rubia tinctorum, and Mad- der gives its appellations to the Galiuras its relatives. “ Cruciata maior . i . “ warence . anglice madir,” Gl. Harl. 3388. pububenb, -binb, gen. -es, masc. ?, wood- bind. Hb. clxxii. ; Lb. I. ii. 21 ; HI. ii. 1 ; HI. xxxi., convolvulus, from the leaves of the drawing, the likeness to the caper plant, and modern usage ; which, besides convolvulus, applies the name also to the honeysuckle. pubu cepiulle, wood chervil, cow parsley, Anthriscus silvestris. Cepuille being an English adaptation of Cerefolium, Xaipi- fvMoy (Columella), and pubu being taken in the sense of our wild, we as- certain at once, that we have here the Cheerophyllum silvestre, which Koch and Hooker now name Anthriscus silv. Neipnich agrees, and Lytes description. In Hb. lxxxvi. wood chervil is made to be Asparagus agrestis, and the drawings in MSS. V., T., A. have clearly the characteristics of Asparagus officinalis . If our Saxon interpreter held his opinion with deliberation, he differs from the rest of our English world. Asparagus in MS. BodL 130, is drawn like the mature plant J7ubu lectpic, masc., wood lettuce, wild sleepwort , Lactuca scariola is Hb. xxxi. Digitized by Google 412 GLOSSARY. pubu iecepic — cont. Lactuca sylvatica. Masc. G.D. 11a. The gloss in H. Scariola must be accepted ; Sir J. E. Smith turns it Prickly Lettuce; Sir W. Hooker says it is found on -waste ground in Cambridgeshire, at Southend, Essex, and formerly near Islington. Qe adds that the garden lettuce, L. sativa, is not a native of this country. “ Lactuca, “ letuse, slepewort, idem ; domestica et “ campestri8.* , Also “ Lactuca agrestis, “ rostrum porcinum . mylk thistell.” MS. Ilarl. 3388. “ Lactuca silvatica idem “ wild letys, J?is erbe has leuys like to a “ thystell, and they ben scharpe 'l ken \ “ hit has a floure of purpure colour, \ ** hit groys in feldes T in whet,’* MS. Bodl. 536, fol. 17. The word purpure was in early times an exact repetition of purpureus, which the Homans applied to any bright colour. The flower of Lactuca scariola is yellow. Lactuca sil- vatica has yellow rays in MS. Bodl. 130, but the leaves are too like sword blades. It is there glossed Suge bhiftel, that is, sow thistle. “ Scarola . endiua . tx°nna (?) lactuca agrestis,” Gl. M. The drawing in MS. T is an exact representa- tion of L. scariola, glossed Branca vrsina, to which there is resemblance. J7ubu pope, hpope, gen. -an: 1. Asfodelus ramosus. In lib. xxxiii., liii. Woodroffe is astula regia, that is hastula regia, the royal sceptre, and all accounts agree that it is a kind of onion, an asfodelaceous plant, with a vast number of bulbs, “ lxxx. simul acervatis ssepe bulbis,” “ Plinius, xxi. 68 ; and though it has ' “ transferred its name to the daffodil, “ yet not that plant, Narcissus pseudo- “ narcissus , is its equivalent. The As- phodelus is figured in MS. V. fol. 28 a, but the flower is gone ; the drawing, as much as remains, matches that in Fuch- sius, p. 121. “ Asphodellus, wode houe” {so), MS. Harl. 3388. “ Astula regia. i . “ wode rove,” MS. ltawl. C. 607. “ Has- “ tyca regia . i . woderofe.” MS. Bodl. 536. ^ubu pope — cont . “ Affodillus vude hofe,” {so), GL Don. So Gl. M. Fuchsius makes his goldwurz, asfodelus luteus, Gl. R. 40. Lacn. 69. 2. Asperula odorata, modern usage. In MS. Bodl. 130 ; for hastula regia is drawn a true Asperula, with gloss in 14th century hand “ woodrofe.” “Rubea “ minor woodroff,” MS. Bodl. 178. pubupope, gen. -an, fem., wild rose , dog- rose, hedgerose, rosa canina. Lb. I. xxxvii. 1. ^ubu peaxe, gen. -an, fem ? wood wax , wood waxen , Genista tinctoria. Lb. I. xlvii. 2 ; III. xxx. ^ulpes camb, masc., gen. -es, “ wolfs- “ comb,” wild teazle, Dipsacus sdveslris. In Hb. cliii. translates which in clvi. is turned by pulpep teep 1 ; as the teazing wool is combing it, this has no surprise. The figure in MS. V. art. xxvi. is a teazle, so MS. T. The equivalent \apaU\cua was misunderstood by our interpreter. However x a t Mu ^ wv is no teazle at all, but a stemless thistle, the Carlina acaulis, see eopopbporu, Masc. Lacn. 3. pullian, wipe with wool, lana detergcrc. Quad. vii. 4. punbel ? a wound, pi. punbela, Hb. i. 11, cont., iv. 10, ix. 2. ^unbelan, DD. 417, xxiii. pupme?, fem.?, gen. -an, woad, Isaiis tinctoria. Somn. in Lex. has a gloss, “ Lutum,” which is woad. Lb. II. lxv. 4. J7upme being properly any thing having the power of dying, not blue, but ver- milion ; and representing the vermiculi or cochineal insects. P- peapp, peopp, wanting in something, Mrhs, cui quid opus est , as they interpret the Noree harfi. Whence 1, poor. 2, t/n- leavened, of bread. 3, skimmed, of milk. Lb. II. lii. 1. Digitized by Google GLOSSARY. 413 peapm, gut, pL -maf, 9 ut3 > intestina. But P smse)>eapme, Lb. IL xxxi. Da $ybbe sepnep hme mib hinbepepbe fceapte on t>»c ftnaelfteapme, P.A. 55. a, Then Abner stabbed him with the hinder end of his spearshaft in the small guL Gl. R. has both fhuelbeapmar and smsle heapmap, 74. peyebopn, J>epanJ>opn, masc., gen. -ep, “ tufty thorn,” buckthorn, Rhamnus ca- tharticus and R.frangula, Lb. I. lxiv. “Ramni. i. J>efeJ>orn,” Gl. Harl. 978. So Gl. Arundel, 42, Gl. Dun., Gl. M. M. p. 162 a, 24. pegian for bi^an, press, pierce, by con- traction J>yn, which see. Lb. I. xvii. 1. pupfte gebe?;ebe, C.E., p. 92, line 17. Lacn. 114. pelmn, masc., gen. by analogy in -an ; Lb. I. xxxv. Fopbylmian in the Lam- beth Psalter is obscurare. Fopfton be beojrpu ne beo$ popbylmobe vel pop- fpojicene to be : 1 niht ppa ppa d»s br5 onlihteb. Quia tenebr® non obscura- buntur a te, ct nox sicut dies illumina- bitur, Ps. cxxxviii. 11. Ne beapp he hopian no • byptpum fopbylmeb • p he bonan mote, Judith x. = p. 23, line 12, Thwaites. Combined with burning brands of fire in Cod. Exon. p. 217, line 23 = MS. fol. 60 a, line 4. Compare Aih rb lmybe, p. part ]>yb ; squeeze , press f stab . Lb. II. iii. v„ Quadr. vi. 15. Norse at bja. The infinitive byban of dictionaries has no existence. Gebjn, squeeze , Solom. and Sat p. 150, line 34. Geb^b, id. p. 162, line 607. See Abyn. It is a contraction of j>i£an. Beda, 611, 41. The present Ic >i, fodio, iEG. 32, line 45. pinan, grow moist ; the intransitive to htenan, moisten, as Lb. I. ii. 21. pupe Jnfcel, masc., gen. -les ; “ tufty thistle,” sow thistle , sonchus oleraceus, Bot. Also bubijtel. Germ. Dudistel, Lb. III. viii. punopclappe, fem., gen. -an ; bugle, aiuga reptans , if we may rely on a gl. Leech- doms, vol. I. p. 374. “ Consolida media, “ bnndre clouere,” Gl. HarL 978. On consolida media, see Fuchsias, p. 386. punoppypc, fem., gen. -e, houseleek , sem- pervivum tec tor um, so called from its averting thunderbolts ; Grimm. MythoL clxi. : an allusion to this is found in some copies of Dioskorides, iv. 189. punpange, -penge, gen. -an, neut as penge, temple , timpus. Lb. I. i. 8; III. 1 . punpange^-cont Plural in -ge. Lb. III. xli. Geploh pa mib anum bycle bugan hip bnnpengan. Judges iv. 21, where, I presume, bugan is not for begen, but rather begeonb. JEG. 12, line 16. Ppwnan, make to dwindle, minuere , it appears Hb. ii. 7, compared with D pinan, Hb. ii. 4. So Lb. L xxxi. 1. This signifi- cation now seems too conjectural. 2. To soften , mollire . Tiloben hip 1 recap T bone ppile mib pealpum T mib bebenum gebprenan polbon,Bed., 611, 19, Curabant medici hunc adpositis pigmeti - torum fomentis emollire. Done unge- bpeepan pp^le mib bygbe bpenbe, ibid, line 40, Tumor em ilium inf es turn horum adpositione comprimere ac mollire cur abat. 3. Irrigate . Fop bam gip “b prerep hi ne gebpaenbe, “bonne bpugobe hio, etc. Boet. p. 78, line 27. If the water had not irrigated her , the earth, she would have got dry , etc. Da abpugoban heop- tan gebprenan mib Seem plopenban ybon hip lape, P.A. 14 a, Corda arentia doctrines fluentis irrigare. Donne pio milbheoptnep bap lapeopep gebpsenb ~) gelecb ba bpeolfc bap gehiepenbep, P.A. 27 a, Quando hoc in audientis pec- tore pietas prcedicantis rigat. Cf. b»nan. Ppepan, turn. See gebpepan. Digitized by Google INDEX OE PROPER NAMES, Achilles, Hb. xc., clxxv. 5. Alfred, king; in communication with the Patriarch of Jerusalem, about healing drugs, Lb. II. lxiv. Bald, owner of the Leechbook MS., Lb. p. 298. Chiron, Hb. xxxvi. Cild, scribe of the Leechbook MS., Lb. p. 298. Columba, Saint, Vol. I. p. 395. Dun, a leech, Lb. p. 292. Elias or IIelias II., Patriarch of Jeru- salem, sends medical prescriptions to King Alfred. For what is known of him see Le Quien, Oriens Christianus, Vol. III. col. 302, and the Bollandist Acta Sanctorum for May 12, p. xxxix. Fornet, in Islandic Fomjot, with the ter- mination, Fornjotr, gives name to an herb unknown, Fomets palm , or hand, Lb. I. lxx., Ixxi. His sons were rulers of air, fire and wind (Skaldskaparmal, p. 67, ed. Reykjavik) : his name occurs in the elder Edda (Hrafhgaldr, stanza 17). He is reckoned among the Eotens or giants (Snorra Edda, p. Ill, ed. Reykjavik) ; and he was felled by Thor (ib. p. 61). Garmund, servant of God, Vol. I. p. 385. Perhaps Germanus, bishop of Auxerre. See William of Malmesbury, p. 36, and note, ed. Historical Society. Also Acta Sanctorum, July 31. Waermund, the ancestor of Offa and Penda (Sax. Chron. t 626, 775), belongs to the fifth century, and was no saint. Gormund, patriarch of Jerusalem about 1118, was not cano- nized, and could not be within the in- tellectual reach of the author of that charm. IIomeros, Hb. xlix., lxvi. Lelelotii invoked, Lb. p. 1 40. Longinus, the soldier who pierced the Saviours side, Vol. I. p. 393. Mercurius, Hb. xlix., lxxiii. On, Lb. I. xlvi. 1. See Glossary in Ana- pypm. Oxa, a leech, Lb. I. xlvii. P^eon, properly an epithet of Apollo, Hb. lxvi. Patron invoked, Lb. p. 140. Plinius, Lb. I. lxxxvii. 1. Telephus, Hb. xc. 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