Apart from these nine families, we find that there are
50, which indirectly derive their income from agriculture.
As against this, the number of families which are associat-
ed with agriculture directly is 402. The following is the
distribution of these 402 families which are so intimately
connected with the land :

Number of families
falling: in the
specified group

Percentage
on 402
families

1. Rent-receivers.......

2. Owners cultivating part of their

land and letting the rest. . .

3. Owners cultivating part of their

land, letting the rest and leasing
others * land (nearer their fields) .

4. Owners cultivating their own land.

5. Owners cultivating their own land

and leasing extra land as small
tenants........

6. Mere tenants.......

Total .

26

6-5

78-1

116

17S

402

15-4
100.

The above classification makes it quite clear at a glance
that out of 402 families connected with land, 314 or about
78 per cent, are peasant-proprietors. Thus the problem
of agricultural production in Atgam is neither the problem
of rent-receiving absentee landlords nor of the landless
tenants but principally that of peasant-proprietors. No
doubt, a few of these peasant-proprietors lease their sur-
plus land and act only as managers of their farms; but,
after all, they cannot be classed either as mere rent-re-
ceivers or as tenants.
Keeping this main fact about the existence of a large
number of peasant-proprietors in view, we shall pass on
to the discussion of a few salient features of agricultural
practice. This discussion is based on our investigations,
supplemented by information available in Government
records.