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obvious that almost all the remedies devised by them
involve the use of indigeneous leaves and drugs.
In some cases, oaths are taken or a man is called, who
is supposed to know the art of removing the disease by
enchanting some mysterious thing or applying the juice
of some unnamed leaves. It is evident that the farmer
of Atgam does not care to consult the authorities of the
Veterinary Hospital located at a distance of about 9
miles, at Bulsar. Nor, as some of the farmers complain-
ed to us, do the latter evince any eagerness or earnest-
ness to assist them by coming in close contact with them.
We may mention that the remedies employed by the vil-
lagers in the case of fever do not usually prove effective.
This shows how necessary it is to impart to them some
knowledge of the best means that can be employed to
combat such diseases.
Thus the discussion of the problem of numbers and
quality of cattle leads to two main conclusions : (i) in
the first place the cattle-wealth of the village is inade-
quate on the whole and (ii) the quality of the cattle in a
majority of cases is unsatisfactory.
(3) The annual net income.
Under this head we propose to ascertain the net in-
come received by the village from the cattle and other
animals it possesses. Among the latter we have already
seen that there are a number of ovine cattle. We may
note here that besides these animals there were, at the
time of the census, three horses and about 2,130 fowls.
Though we have ignored the net income from the for-
mer, because they constitute only a temporary feature of
the village and their number is almost negligible, we
have taken note of the latter in arriving at the figure of
the net income for the village as a whole, as their number
is appreciable.
Method of constructing balance-sheets for animals:
'As in the case of crops, we have first prepared balance-
sheets for different animals. The method of preparing