237

to the effect that the better the security the greater the
debt.

(3) The size of the area owned and cultivated steadily
decreases as we go from the first to the third group, re-
vealing that the smaller the size of the holding, the lesser
the income and the greater the instability of the economic
condition of the owners.

It is obvious from the above facts that the cause which is
responsible for the poverty of the third, and by far the
largest group, is the small size of the holding. We must,
however, bear two important considerations in mind.
Since there is a regular recurring deficit in the third group,
(i) the burden of population and (ii) the incidence of debt
are acutely felt in that group. Thus, though the primary
cause of the poverty problem of this village is the small
size of the holding, overpopulation and indebtedness
aggravate the situation.

POVERTY IN THE RACIAL GROUPS OF THE VILLAGE

It will be highly interesting to pursue the analysis
further, and see if the same causes are responsible for the
poverty among the people considered racially, that is,
among the Kaliparaj and the Ujaliparaj. First of all we
shall, state the comparative position of these two main
groups as a whole, and subsequently construct a table
similar to the one given above, with a view to analyse the
causes of their poverty.

Table showing the comparative economic position of
the two racial groups : Kaliparaj and Ujaliparaj:

Kaliparaj
UjaUparaj

Number of people (consumption units) , families ....
1440 290
773 160

Average size of the family ..... Average number of children per family . Total land owned in acres . . . ...
4-9 1-5 9S9
4-8 1'$ 1634

Continued