iv CONTENTS

CHAPTER IV

PAGE
LIFE ... -. ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 3°

A. Civic Life

City government, the parishes, 30 ; extra municipal rights, 31 ;
a royal city, 31 ; charters, 32 ; sheriffs, 32 ; mayor, 32 ; city
councils, 32 ; civic spirit, 33 ; city and trade rule, 34 ; royal
government, 34 ; punishments, 34 ; sanctuary, 35

B. Parliamentary and National Life

Leasing of royal power, 36 ; Parliament, 37; visits of
Henry IV., 38 ; Wars of Roses, 39 ; Duke of Gloucester,
40 \ judges of assize, 40 • royal larder, 41

C. Business Life

Middle class of merchant employers, 41 ; Jews and Italians,
42 ; professions, 43 ; wool trade, 43 ; trade-guilds, 44 ; their
government, 44; strangers, 45 ; phases of guild life, 45 ;
merchants, 46 ; apprentices, 46 ; working hours, 47 ; trades,
47; artist craftsmen, 49 j markets and fairs, 50; overseas
trade, 51 ; money, 52 ; extracts from ordinances, 52

D. Religious Life

The Church in the Middle Ages, 54; the Church and daily
life, 56 ; merchants and religion, 57; the Church and educa-
tion, 59; work of hospitals, 59; priests (at Minster, 60;
parish churches, 60; Archbishop, 61); pluralism, 62 ;
religious orders, 62 ; monastic life, 64 j St. Mary's Abbey, 64;
Anchorites, 65 ; other types of religious (pardoner, palmer,
pligrim), 65 ; Church services, 67

E. Education

Higher education, 67; grammar schools, 67; elementary
education, 68 ; educational welfare work, 68 ; instruction, 68 ;