BUILDINGS IT

be seen in the Merchants* Hall, Fossgate, and St.
Anthony's Hall in Peaseholm Green. The wooden
$oof of the Guild Hall, which was the Common Hall,
erected in the fifteenth century, is supported by
wooden columns. The walls of this hall and the
entire basement are of stone.

Of Davy Hall, the King's administrative offices
and prison for the Royal Forest of Galtres, not a
trace remains to show the kind of buildings they were.

The Fortifications consisted of the Castle and
the city Walls with their gateways. The massive
stone Keep of the Castle was on a high artificial
mound at the city end of the enclosed area occupied
by the Castle. Around this mound there was a
moat, or deep, broad ditch filled \\ith water. The
Keep, which is in plan like a quatrefoil, consisted of
two storeys. Within, near the entrance, there is a
well, the memory of which is for ever stained by the
unhappy part it played in one of the most bitter
persecutions of the Jews. Beyond the Keep there
were inner and outer wards, official buildings in-
cluding the King's great hall, the Royal Mint, and
barracks for the King's soldiers. The entire Castle,
which was the residence of the royal governor, and
a military depot, was surrounded by walls, outside
which were moats, or the river, or swamps, according
to the position of each side. These moats, or
defensive ditches, were crossed by drawbridges.
To enter a fortified place in the Middle Ages one had
to pass a barbican (i.e. an outwork consisting of a
fortified wall along each side of the one way); a draw-
bridge across the moat; a portcullis'or gate of
stoutly inter-crossing timbers (set horizontally and
vertically with only a small space between any two
beams, giving the whole gate the appearance of a
large number of small square holes, each surrounded