i8o MANORIAL ADMINISTRATION
those who infringe on their customary rights;1 we meet him in
the Manor Courts seeking protection against those who threaten
his life and limb, because he executes his office properly.2 In
harvest we see him supervising the work, and measuring the
sheaves to see that they are of the right size.3 Then, after all have
gone home for the night, he stays on to see that no one carries off
his lord's corn;4 and, finally, at the end of the year, he tallies with
the reeve for all the operations entrusted to him from time to
time.5
He was elected to his office most probably by one of the
methods detailed above in describing the reeve. Our informa-
tion is not so full, but we have many cases of autocratic selection
by the lord, and many in which the hayward is elected by his
fellows.6 The two offices, we may suppose, developed along much
the same lines. Similarly, we find that the hayward received
emoluments and rewards analogous to those paid to the reeve.
His rent is excused or lowered; he gets certain perquisites, such
as a measure of seed-corn from time to time, or a piece of
meadow (a beadle-mead) for himself, or a number of sheaves
at the harvest. He eats with the other manorial officers during
harvest, and this is paid for from the lord's purse.7
Not only his duties and rewards, but also his conduct of his
office bears close resemblance to that of the reeve. Untrust-
worthy haywards occur as we saw untrustworthy reeves in office.
One of these haywards, we are told, used to watch until he found
people gleaning without permission. Then he swooped down
upon them, wrested away their lawful gains and quietly took
them off to the mill to be ground for himself.8 Another of these
men is accused and found guilty of neglecting to guard his lord's
fields properly. The jury also found that he took bribes to the
1 Durham Halmote Rolls, 55; V.C.H. Bucks, ir, 43.
2 Hales Rolls, 26.
* Hone, op. cit. 233.
* Battle Customals, 67; V.C.H. Middlesex, n, 68.
6 Davenport, op. cit. Ixx, where the summary of the hayward *s accounts
gives a good idea of his many activities.
6 V-C.H. Bucks, n, 54; Clutterbuck, Hertford, in, 619; Battle Customals,
67; and for payment not to serve, see Selden Soc. n, 128.
7 Glas. Rentalia, 64, 243; Battle Customals, Sz; Cust. Rents, 102, and
note 5.
* Selden Soc. w, 123.