WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:16.000 Music 00:16.000 --> 00:22.000 Welcome to our Monday night lecture here. We're at Medicino Post Hospital for our free lecture 00:22.000 --> 00:28.120 tonight. We're in the Redwoods room and we have lectures every month. We have free lectures 00:28.120 --> 00:35.120 on various health topics. Tonight we really wanted to present a lecture on immunizations. 00:35.120 --> 00:40.120 We have a registered pharmacist and a business owner for many years, Jerry Karabisch, here 00:40.120 --> 00:44.120 to provide us with a lot of information and answer any of the questions that you have. 00:44.120 --> 00:47.120 So Jerry, thank you very much for coming tonight. 00:47.120 --> 00:54.120 Oh, thank you for having me. Immunizations and your health. There are many things which 00:54.120 --> 01:01.120 help our health as we look through life. There's prescriptions, there's actually nutrition, 01:01.120 --> 01:10.120 exercise, but there's one area where we often don't think of being immunized. When I grew 01:10.120 --> 01:17.120 up, we all got immunizations as children. In some instances that has not been carried 01:17.120 --> 01:23.120 out in the present day and I think some of the information that I present will show you 01:23.120 --> 01:31.120 that we should seriously consider getting a better area on immunizations. So what is 01:31.120 --> 01:36.120 immunization and your health? Well, what is an immunization? An immunization is the treatment 01:36.120 --> 01:41.120 of a person to create a condition of being able to resist a particular disease through 01:41.120 --> 01:48.120 preventing the development of a pathogenic microorganism or counteracting the effects 01:48.120 --> 01:54.120 of the organism's byproducts. This treatment makes a person immune to a subsequent attack 01:54.120 --> 02:02.120 by a particular pathogen. Now what is a vaccination? A vaccination is the introduction of microorganisms 02:02.120 --> 02:07.120 that have been previously treated to make them harmless for the purpose of inducing 02:07.120 --> 02:17.120 the development of immunity. Vaccinations are non-pathogenic substances containing 02:17.120 --> 02:24.120 antigens that stimulate an immune response. They provide protection against disease without 02:24.120 --> 02:31.120 causing the disease themselves. They are classified either as alive or attenuated or 02:31.120 --> 02:39.120 inactivated and both will lead to a positive immune response. Now vaccine successes have 02:39.120 --> 02:45.120 led to disease prevention in a number of areas. The most significant success has been the 02:45.120 --> 02:52.120 elimination of smallpox in the world. Presently there are a number of organizations including 02:52.120 --> 03:01.120 Rotary working towards adding polio to that list. Other diseases have been eliminated 03:01.120 --> 03:06.120 from the United States and other developed countries but you're still available in 03:06.120 --> 03:12.120 undeveloped countries. The development of new vaccines is a definite goal of the health 03:12.120 --> 03:19.120 care industry. Now what are some of our successes? You can see here a list of diseases. Diphtheria 03:19.120 --> 03:27.120 the peak in 1938 of over 30,000 cases. The latest data I have is from 2007 and there 03:27.120 --> 03:36.120 were no diphtheria cases in that year. Measles has dropped from over 750,000 which peaked 03:36.120 --> 03:45.120 in 1958 to less than about 30 cases recently. Mumps from a little over 200,000 peaking in 03:45.120 --> 03:55.120 64 to about 715. Pertussis which is whooping cough from a little over 250,000 in 1934 to 03:55.120 --> 04:03.120 8,000 cases. This is one we'll talk about a little later which is a problem presently 04:03.120 --> 04:10.120 affecting our nation especially in the state of California. Polio which many people think 04:10.120 --> 04:18.120 of being really high. You see here really only 21,000 cases in its peak year of 1952 04:18.120 --> 04:27.120 were down to zero at this time. Rubella half a million cases almost and the 64, 65 down 04:27.120 --> 04:36.120 to 11. Tetanus we often hear of it only 601 cases we still had 20 in 2007. And smallpox 04:36.120 --> 04:44.120 which peaked in the 20s at a little over 100,000 is down to zero. So you can see in many cases 04:44.120 --> 04:51.120 we've had successes in using vaccination and immunization against some very severe diseases. 04:51.120 --> 05:00.120 Now nearly 50,000 US adults die each year from vaccine preventable diseases and that's 05:00.120 --> 05:06.120 really something we have to look at. Influenza and pneumococcal disease are the eighth leading 05:06.120 --> 05:14.120 cause of death in the United States. Both can be prevented by vaccination. Hepatitis 05:14.120 --> 05:20.120 B is a major cause of disease in the United States but only 10 to 20 percent of the highest 05:20.120 --> 05:27.120 risk adults have been vaccinated. Again an area that could use improvement. And only 05:27.120 --> 05:34.120 10 percent of the women have received vaccinations from human papillovirus which causes cervical 05:34.120 --> 05:41.120 cancer. And one in three people develop herpes zoster which has the common name of shingles 05:41.120 --> 05:51.120 in their lifetime if they have had chickenpox and many elderly people have not been vaccinated. 05:51.120 --> 06:00.120 Vaccination rates in adults, influenza about a 42 percent rate. Influenza in people over 06:00.120 --> 06:09.120 the age of 65 is a little better at almost 69 percent. Pneumococcal pneumonia 65 percent. 06:09.120 --> 06:17.120 Tetanus 75 percent, 57 percent. You should get a tetanus shot about every 10 years. And 06:17.120 --> 06:24.120 zoster shingles which I told you was not heavily used. You can see less than 2 percent of the 06:24.120 --> 06:32.120 people who are potential candidates for shingles have been inoculated for the virus. 06:32.120 --> 06:39.120 Misconceptions about vaccines. That these diseases were disappearing before vaccines. 06:39.120 --> 06:45.120 There's no indication that in our lifetime diseases just eliminate themselves. In fact 06:45.120 --> 06:51.120 we constantly are getting new ones. Some people think there's no need to continue vaccinating. 06:51.120 --> 06:57.120 I mean this is one of the things that well we've pretty much eliminated measles and other 06:57.120 --> 07:04.120 diseases in kids. That's because you know everybody was vaccinated at one time for them. 07:04.120 --> 07:12.120 Now people aren't if your child has not been vaccinated for measles and somebody from a 07:12.120 --> 07:19.120 foreign country which has not eliminated measles enters the United States they can cause a 07:19.120 --> 07:27.120 epidemic in the area of measles. And that vaccines cause harmful effects. They don't. 07:27.120 --> 07:35.120 Most vaccines are attenuated in such a way that they themselves do not cause the diseases 07:35.120 --> 07:42.120 that they prevent. And that multiple vaccines overload the immune system. Totally a 07:42.120 --> 07:50.120 misconception. When I started my work in the pharmacy I had to get vaccinated and I got 07:50.120 --> 07:57.120 four vaccinations the same day. And absolutely didn't even have a sore arm. So that's not 07:57.120 --> 08:05.120 a problem. Vaccine preventable diseases. Vaccines protect patients against numerous 08:05.120 --> 08:12.120 diseases because they contain antigens that evoke an immune response resulting in an immunological 08:12.120 --> 08:18.120 memory and this protects the patient from getting the disease. Now what I've done is 08:18.120 --> 08:25.120 I've put together a number of slides listing the diseases that can be prevented by vaccines. 08:25.120 --> 08:32.120 First one is influenza. Many of us are familiar. This is the common flu. It affects patients 08:32.120 --> 08:38.120 of all ages and new strains of virus are common. Every year there are different viruses that 08:38.120 --> 08:44.120 cause this particular program. During a pandemic the disease spreads quickly and mortality 08:44.120 --> 08:51.120 is usually significant. Examples of pandemic flu occurrences in the United States. We had 08:51.120 --> 08:59.120 the Spanish flu right after World War I, 1918-1990 caused over 675,000 deaths in the United 08:59.120 --> 09:06.120 States. Asian flu more recently in the late 50s, 70,000 deaths. Hong Kong flu in the late 09:06.120 --> 09:15.120 60s, 34,000. Swine flu and H1N1 flu which are the most recent ones. We do not have the 09:15.120 --> 09:24.120 death dated available at this time. Influenza, again, effective prevention by an annual 09:24.120 --> 09:32.120 vaccination. In this particular case it does require an annual vaccination. There is no 09:32.120 --> 09:40.120 long-term effect. 200,000 individuals are hospitalized annually leading to more than 09:40.120 --> 09:47.120 30,000 deaths. These deaths, again, can be prevented by vaccination. The makeup of the 09:47.120 --> 09:53.120 annual flu vaccines varies based on the type of viruses that are most likely to cause an 09:53.120 --> 10:00.120 outbreak. This is obviously something that the disease center does take a few guesses 10:00.120 --> 10:07.120 at because they have to figure out what viruses are going to be infecting us. And then they 10:07.120 --> 10:15.120 develop the vaccine accordingly. The vaccine is an inactivated flu vaccine. It cannot cause 10:15.120 --> 10:21.120 flu itself. One dose is what you need annually and the flu season usually runs from December 10:21.120 --> 10:28.120 through March in the United States. This year there are actually two levels of flu vaccines 10:28.120 --> 10:34.120 which were made available to the public. There was a regular dose for people under the age 10:34.120 --> 10:44.120 of 65 and there was an accentuated dose for people over 65. As you age your immune system 10:44.120 --> 10:52.120 may not respond as quickly or as actively as a younger person's. So the idea was to 10:52.120 --> 11:00.120 create a vaccine that had a little more oomph to it to give you the protection. 11:00.120 --> 11:05.120 Pneumococcal disease, which is pneumonia, it exists year round and is most common in 11:05.120 --> 11:13.120 winter and spring. 175,000 patients are hospitalized annually and it can result in 11:13.120 --> 11:20.120 pneumococcal meningitis leading to an 80% death rate in elderly patients. I'm sure many 11:20.120 --> 11:26.120 of you in the audience know of an elderly person contracting pneumonia who ended up 11:26.120 --> 11:32.120 dying. If that person possibly had been given a pneumonia shot when they were feeling 11:32.120 --> 11:38.120 better or before they were hit by pneumonia, this could have been prevented. Drug resistant 11:38.120 --> 11:44.120 strains have increased, therefore prevention by vaccinations becomes important. Many of 11:44.120 --> 11:56.120 the bugs that create pneumonia no longer respond to the normal antibiotic therapy that is 11:56.120 --> 12:05.120 available because they've developed immunity to those particular diseases, those particular 12:05.120 --> 12:11.120 drugs. So patients, especially the elderly, should receive a dose and this you only need 12:11.120 --> 12:19.120 a dose every five years. So whereas flu vaccine is an annual event, if you get a pneumonia 12:19.120 --> 12:27.120 shot it will last for five years. Tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis, the reason I lump 12:27.120 --> 12:34.120 them together is because when you get this shot they're all in one shot. Tetanus often 12:34.120 --> 12:40.120 called lockjaw as the majority of cases result from injuries occurring indoors and at home, 12:40.120 --> 12:47.120 most of them from things at home. The disease results in severe muscle spasm and is fatal 12:47.120 --> 12:55.120 in 10% of the reported cases. Diphtheria, generally this disease affects the pharynx and tonsils 12:55.120 --> 13:02.120 but can lead to myocarditis and neuritis. The overall death rate is 10%. And the last one 13:02.120 --> 13:07.120 in this one is pertussis, which the common name is whooping cough. Now whooping cough 13:07.120 --> 13:15.120 is extremely contagious, affects all ages and is easily transmitted to children by their 13:15.120 --> 13:22.120 family adult population. What has happened recently because of the epidemic in the state 13:22.120 --> 13:28.120 of California is parents and grandparents should be vaccinated. In the pharmacy I've 13:28.120 --> 13:36.120 vaccinated many grandparents who were encouraged or almost ordered by their children to get 13:36.120 --> 13:44.120 vaccinations before they would actually babysit their grandkids because they were potential 13:44.120 --> 13:52.120 carriers and adults don't suffer the same severity that children do and it can cause 13:52.120 --> 13:59.120 death in the very young. So if you're a grandparent and visiting young children you should get 13:59.120 --> 14:05.120 a shot. And on this one you need a booster shot every 10 years for everyone over 11 years 14:05.120 --> 14:13.120 old. And I said this shot would have all of the DPT not just the pertussis and those again 14:13.120 --> 14:18.120 you should try to figure out when you got your last shot and if it's been more than 14:18.120 --> 14:27.120 10 years you should get another shot. These first three shots that I mentioned which are 14:27.120 --> 14:34.120 the flu and the pneumonia and the DPT can all be obtained through your local pharmacy. 14:34.120 --> 14:43.120 Most pharmacists do offer that service. Then we have varicella which is chicken pox in 14:43.120 --> 14:51.120 the young and shingles in the old. And basically this is a relatively new vaccine. Most of 14:51.120 --> 14:58.120 us in this room probably over the age of 40 had chicken pox. Maybe even over the age of 14:58.120 --> 15:05.120 30 had chicken pox. Well if you had chicken pox you are a candidate for shingles. One 15:05.120 --> 15:11.120 in three people who had chicken pox as a youngster are candidates for shingles. Shingles is 15:11.120 --> 15:18.120 not a very nice condition. It is extremely painful and it can lead as I mentioned on 15:18.120 --> 15:26.120 the bottom here to post-epatic neuralgia which is a chronic pain condition which is really 15:26.120 --> 15:35.120 not treatable in any sense except locally and it could last the rest of your life and 15:35.120 --> 15:43.120 is not very pleasant condition. So again for children they should be vaccinated for chicken 15:43.120 --> 15:52.120 pox. Every adult over the age of 60 who has had chicken pox should be vaccinated for shingles. 15:52.120 --> 16:01.120 Now we have the human papillovirus vaccination and this particular disease is a commonly 16:01.120 --> 16:09.120 sexually transmitted disease. There is over 6 million new cases annually. It is an etiological 16:09.120 --> 16:16.120 agent for cervical cancer, genital warts and other diseases such as vulva and vaginal cancer. 16:16.120 --> 16:23.120 So it prevents some very serious conditions not that everybody who gets the human papillovirus 16:23.120 --> 16:30.120 is going to get those cancers. The vaccination will reduce the possibilities of these cancers 16:30.120 --> 16:37.120 and 50% of sexually active individuals will get their HPV in their lifetime. Vaccination 16:37.120 --> 16:46.120 should be given especially to all females 9 to 26 years old. It will not cure an existing 16:46.120 --> 16:55.120 condition and in most cases vaccines cannot be used to treat an existing infection. Hepatitis 16:55.120 --> 17:03.120 A, people most at risk are international travelers, men who have sex with men and users of illegal 17:03.120 --> 17:10.120 drugs. It is spread by a fecal oral route and contaminated food and water. Travelers 17:10.120 --> 17:16.120 should receive a dose of the vaccine at least two weeks before they travel. Travelers to 17:16.120 --> 17:22.120 Canada, Western Europe, Japan, New Zealand, Australia generally do not need to be immunized 17:22.120 --> 17:29.120 but if you are going to any third world country it is a good idea to get a hepatitis A shot. 17:29.120 --> 17:36.120 These also can be obtained at your local pharmacy. Hepatitis B, this is a blood borne pathogen 17:36.120 --> 17:43.120 commonly transmitted by exposure to affected blood and body fluids and asymptomatic patients 17:43.120 --> 17:49.120 can affect other people. So you might not have it but you can pass it on to other people. 17:49.120 --> 17:56.120 The acute illness often involves jaundice. It is especially a problem in infants supporting 17:56.120 --> 18:03.120 data that indicated birth doses are recommended. Obviously when we're talking about dosing 18:03.120 --> 18:08.120 to very young children this is something that probably would be done either at the hospital 18:08.120 --> 18:14.120 or at a pediatrician's office. This is not something that the average pharmacy is set 18:14.120 --> 18:21.120 up to do. And it is the second known cause of cancer after tobacco use which is something 18:21.120 --> 18:27.120 I imagine most of you don't realize. And everybody dealing with blood and body fluids 18:27.120 --> 18:33.120 including sexual contact should be vaccinated. Obviously if you're giving vaccinations, 18:33.120 --> 18:39.120 especially when I took my training to give vaccinations, I did get a hepatitis B shot 18:39.120 --> 18:46.120 because what it does is protects me if I come in contact with body fluids such as blood 18:46.120 --> 18:54.120 during a vaccination of another individual. Measles, mumps, and rubella. Probably again 18:54.120 --> 19:01.120 this is something, especially on the measles, mumps, a good percentage of the people 40 19:01.120 --> 19:09.120 and over probably had that as a child. Rubella also was very common at that time. Measles 19:09.120 --> 19:15.120 was always considered one of the most contagious diseases known to humans. And some people 19:15.120 --> 19:22.120 considered a very minor thing. But it can cause diarrhea, otitis media, pneumonia, and 19:22.120 --> 19:30.120 in some cases it leads to encephalitis and death. Mumps is an inflammation of the parotid 19:30.120 --> 19:37.120 glands and also has complications of meningitis, testicular inflammation, and deafness. There 19:37.120 --> 19:45.120 are some cases where mumps can make a male sterile. So it again is something that should 19:45.120 --> 19:54.120 be handled on a younger basis. Rubella causes maculopopular rash, that's redness. Complications 19:54.120 --> 20:00.120 are abortion, fetal death, and premature delivery. This is obviously especially true in women 20:00.120 --> 20:09.120 of child bearing age. They should be vaccinated for rubella. So and should really the recommendation 20:09.120 --> 20:18.120 is vaccinated all children greater than 12 months and women before pregnancy. Meningococcal 20:18.120 --> 20:26.120 disease, the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children and young adults. And again here 20:26.120 --> 20:32.120 despite antibiotic therapy where we're often running into bugs which are immune to the 20:32.120 --> 20:39.120 antibiotic, we got a death rate of 9 to 12 percent and up to 40 percent of the bacteria 20:39.120 --> 20:45.120 actually enter the bloodstream. It can cause hearing loss and neurological damage. Target 20:45.120 --> 20:51.120 vaccination groups are adults 11 to 18, college freshmen living in dormitories, maybe it's 20:51.120 --> 20:57.120 because of close living, military personnel, and travelers to third world countries which 20:57.120 --> 21:08.120 many of us probably do take in our time of vacations. Hemophilus influenza type B, this 21:08.120 --> 21:15.120 can cause significant morbidity and mortality in children under five and is a leading cause 21:15.120 --> 21:22.120 of bacterial meningitis in this age group. Again here is a particular vaccination that 21:22.120 --> 21:29.120 has to be done early in life and the target audience is all infants and is not generally 21:29.120 --> 21:35.120 given to children aged five or older. So this is definitely something given very early in 21:35.120 --> 21:45.120 life. Polyomyelitis which is a well known disease, many of us grew up in areas where we were 21:45.120 --> 21:53.120 actually quarantined in the summers of the 50s because of the spread of polio. Polio 21:53.120 --> 22:00.120 destroys the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord leading to flaccid paralysis. Interestingly 22:00.120 --> 22:07.120 only about 1% of polio infections actually result in severe paralytic disease. It has 22:07.120 --> 22:16.120 been eradicated in most of the world by oral vaccine which was licensed in 1963 and vaccination 22:16.120 --> 22:22.120 is recommended for all children starting at two months and there is a schedule that you 22:22.120 --> 22:29.120 do and you continue it until they're four to six years old. Routine vaccination of adults 22:29.120 --> 22:35.120 is generally not recommended. So again this is an interesting thing that should be done 22:35.120 --> 22:44.120 earlier. Again most polio myelitis vaccinations are not done in pharmacies. Rotavirus is the 22:44.120 --> 22:49.120 most common cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and children usually between six 22:49.120 --> 22:59.120 and 24 months. Interestingly enough prior to taking my course in vaccinations I didn't 22:59.120 --> 23:06.120 draw this linkage but when my second son was born he ended up with a severe diarrhea, ended 23:06.120 --> 23:13.120 up having to go into the hospital and was there for quite some time. He had lost so 23:13.120 --> 23:19.120 much body water that if you pushed on his skin it would actually leave a hole in the 23:19.120 --> 23:26.120 skin. So severe diarrhea, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and if you don't catch it in time 23:26.120 --> 23:34.120 can cause death. The disease results in more than 500,000 childhood deaths in the developing 23:34.120 --> 23:42.120 countries. We happen to control it a little better in this country but you know you're 23:42.120 --> 23:50.120 rolling your dice. It's another disease where infants should be vaccinated for it. Rabies 23:50.120 --> 23:59.120 transmitted to humans from the bite of an infected animal. Usually it's from a dog or 23:59.120 --> 24:06.120 domestic dog or cat but it can be if you get involved with skunks or raccoons or something 24:06.120 --> 24:12.120 who are infected and it indicates that it's the only vaccine that may be overused and 24:12.120 --> 24:21.120 why do I say that? Well what happens is if you get bit and you report this it seems that 24:21.120 --> 24:29.120 you will be treated as if you really did get rabies especially if they can't get the animal 24:29.120 --> 24:36.120 and test the animal for rabies. They figure that even though the rabies shots are not 24:36.120 --> 24:42.120 a very pleasant thing they are much less of a hazard than the death that comes with the 24:42.120 --> 24:48.120 relative not treating the disease. So again recommendations post exposure prophylaxis 24:48.120 --> 24:54.120 should include prompt cleaning of the wound followed by the administration of both rabies 24:54.120 --> 25:01.120 vaccine and rabies immune globulin and you should be referred to experts in the field 25:01.120 --> 25:09.120 of rabies. Now if you travel internationally there's a couple of other diseases which you 25:09.120 --> 25:17.120 can probably prevent by getting vaccinated. Yellow fever which is transmitted by an infected 25:17.120 --> 25:24.120 mosquito. Typhoid fever which is a food and water borne disease and Japanese encephalitis 25:24.120 --> 25:32.120 which is also a mosquito borne viral endemic and these vaccines should be obtained when 25:32.120 --> 25:38.120 traveling into area where these diseases are prevalent and you can check with the CDC to 25:38.120 --> 25:46.120 find out if an area you're going to could possibly have these diseases. You might say 25:46.120 --> 25:52.120 well how come malaria isn't on there? Well there is no vaccine for malaria. So what you 25:52.120 --> 25:57.120 do with your traveling in that area there are actually oral medications that you can 25:57.120 --> 26:04.120 take as a malaria preventative but there's no vaccine at this time. Now there are such 26:04.120 --> 26:10.120 things as bioterrorism agents and while these agents that cause smallpox and anthrax are 26:10.120 --> 26:15.120 not readily available and the diseases have been basically eliminated from the world the 26:15.120 --> 26:20.120 threat remains that the agents causing these diseases could be used by terrorists. You 26:20.120 --> 26:25.120 remember a number of years ago there was the anthrax which was being sent through the mail 26:25.120 --> 26:38.120 to various people and there are stores of smallpox vaccines available under guard but 26:38.120 --> 26:47.120 you know that if this could fall into the hands of a terrorist and since smallpox vaccination 26:47.120 --> 26:56.120 is not as prevalent anymore most of you over 50 have a little ring on your arm which is 26:56.120 --> 27:03.120 done by smallpox maybe even if you're younger than that but I understand that in many cases 27:03.120 --> 27:11.120 it's not vaccinated against because supposedly it's over with but again it could come back 27:11.120 --> 27:17.120 if something happened with a bioterrorist problem. So what's the conclusion? Vaccines 27:17.120 --> 27:23.120 have been successful in preventing a broad range of infectious diseases but we're armed 27:23.120 --> 27:29.120 with both the knowledge and availability of these vaccines. It is however your responsibility 27:29.120 --> 27:35.120 as citizens to put this knowledge to use and to prevent these preventable diseases not 27:35.120 --> 27:40.120 only for yourself but for your family members. And how can you help? You can talk to your 27:40.120 --> 27:46.120 doctor and or pharmacist about the vaccines that can help you. You can take the responsibility 27:46.120 --> 27:51.120 to educate yourself and other family members about the advantages of immunization and do 27:51.120 --> 27:57.120 not assume that you and your family members are immune to attack by viruses that cause 27:57.120 --> 28:03.120 the disease. You should be safe and not sorry. Now one of the things that has come up in 28:03.120 --> 28:13.120 recent years there is a product called thiomerosal which was used as a in vaccines to just stabilize 28:13.120 --> 28:23.120 them and there was a major publication on thiomerosal leading to autism. The physician 28:23.120 --> 28:33.120 in England who authored that particular information has been proven to be a charlatan and the 28:33.120 --> 28:42.120 information of thiomerosal leading to major problems in autism there is no linkage. There 28:42.120 --> 28:52.120 is actually very little linkage between vaccines and other problems. If you feel that you're 28:52.120 --> 29:02.120 allergic to eggs you should not get a flu shot because the flu vaccine is actually developed 29:02.120 --> 29:08.120 by and grown on eggs. So there are some things that you should watch when you're using 29:08.120 --> 29:16.120 vaccines but in general they're very safe. I've been giving vaccinations at the pharmacy 29:16.120 --> 29:27.120 I work at and have had very little if any reaction to any of the vaccines I give which 29:27.120 --> 29:37.120 have been primarily flu, pneumonia, DPT and shingles. So shingles in some cases can cause 29:37.120 --> 29:46.120 you to have a sore arm. I remember I got a typhoid shot early on when I was traveling 29:46.120 --> 29:52.120 that caused me a sore arm but you know that particular situation lasts for a couple of 29:52.120 --> 29:59.120 days and then goes away. So my recommendation is to make sure that you understand the benefits 29:59.120 --> 30:08.120 of vaccination and immunization and that it definitely can improve and keep you healthy. 30:08.120 --> 30:09.120 Thank you. 30:09.120 --> 30:20.120 Thank you. I have some questions. I had a co-worker ask me today to ask you, her son 30:20.120 --> 30:27.120 was not immunized for pertussis and he's 25 years old now and she wanted to know if it's 30:27.120 --> 30:33.120 too late what you should do to have him immunized. Well again as I mentioned you don't just get 30:33.120 --> 30:43.120 a pertussis shot you get a DPT. If he hasn't had the whole range he should definitely get 30:43.120 --> 30:50.120 them. He had the TD. Oh he only had diphtheria and tetanus? Parents at one stage and I remember 30:50.120 --> 30:57.120 this we were just getting the TD or the D they were doing the whole DPT thing. They were 30:57.120 --> 31:00.120 avoiding the pertussis because of fears of fevers or whatever it was that they were getting 31:00.120 --> 31:08.120 excited about. As a 25 year old he himself the symptoms would be like an extreme cold 31:08.120 --> 31:16.120 or something like that. The term whooping cough was given its name because young people 31:16.120 --> 31:27.120 have their throats constricted when this disease hits and so the and it sounds like whooping. 31:27.120 --> 31:35.120 Adults your vocal and neck is stronger it doesn't constrict as much so you think you 31:35.120 --> 31:41.120 might just have the flu but you actually do have whooping cough. Now what's the negative? 31:41.120 --> 31:49.120 The negative is that this 25 year old comes in contact with his 4 year old in the family. 31:49.120 --> 31:57.120 He can pass this disease on which is much more fatal to anyone under the age of 5 than 31:57.120 --> 32:05.120 it is to people who are adults. So the word to her would be that if he contracts the disease 32:05.120 --> 32:09.120 he's going to be more of a risk to the young people the nieces and nephews or maybe his 32:09.120 --> 32:13.120 own children if he's 20 by the time he's 20 and he has children and infants and he 32:13.120 --> 32:20.120 has the disease he could pass this on. That's right. That's more of a he's not going to 32:20.120 --> 32:27.120 the chances of an adult dying from pertussis or whooping cough are minimal. So that doesn't 32:27.120 --> 32:32.120 mean you can't. Right. It depends on your whole immune system and how it reacts to it 32:32.120 --> 32:37.120 but if he has a well developed immune system he's just going to be sick and then he'll 32:37.120 --> 32:45.120 get over it. But he can pass this on to somebody else. And like I said there's no reason that 32:45.120 --> 32:51.120 he just shouldn't get all three of them and boost up his tetanus shot again. Diphtheria 32:51.120 --> 32:56.120 is as I said they showed there's no cases in diphtheria. Tetanus is still prevalent 32:56.120 --> 33:04.120 in a possibility and obviously whooping cough right now is endemic in California. 33:04.120 --> 33:10.120 What about the meningococcal vaccine? Now that's the one for the kids that are going 33:10.120 --> 33:17.120 off to college. Is that? Yeah and basically I think you know the information I got was 33:17.120 --> 33:22.120 that this was a group which you know should be vaccinated. I think it's because they do 33:22.120 --> 33:32.120 lots of things together and yeah they share things. Yeah and therefore you know what you're 33:32.120 --> 33:37.120 saying is it's easy to pass things on. That also becomes in the sexually prevalent diseases. 33:37.120 --> 33:47.120 You know our society today is much more sexually active and I think you know the problem of 33:47.120 --> 33:54.120 passing on diseases which are potentially sexually transmitted is greater and if there 33:54.120 --> 34:00.120 is a possibility of using a vaccine which will reduce the effects of the transmission 34:00.120 --> 34:06.120 or not the effects of the transmission but make you immune to a disease which can be 34:06.120 --> 34:15.120 transmitted that way that you should take care of it. The cost to the you know country 34:15.120 --> 34:21.120 in medical expenses in treating these diseases is much greater than the cost of preventing 34:21.120 --> 34:27.120 them through vaccination. So how long has this vaccine been out? I know that I've known 34:27.120 --> 34:31.120 about it for about 10 years. How long has it been out? I'm not sure. You know again 34:31.120 --> 34:39.120 vaccines as I said it's always something that is coming out. The you know the shingles 34:39.120 --> 34:45.120 vaccine is less than 10 years old probably and there's a number of other ones that are 34:45.120 --> 34:56.120 fairly recent. Like the HPV is more recent. Yeah so they're constantly doing this but 34:56.120 --> 35:00.120 yeah and many of the ones like I don't think you know when my kids were little I wasn't 35:00.120 --> 35:05.120 told anything about the rotavirus that I should get a you know shot but I think you know 35:05.120 --> 35:13.120 looking at it now that's what my son had. Now again I think when I grew up and maybe 35:13.120 --> 35:21.120 when my kids even grew up which is they're in their late 40s early 50s now so it was 35:21.120 --> 35:29.120 much more common to have your children inoculated on a regular basis for whatever was available 35:29.120 --> 35:35.120 and you know like I said they said you know even polio has only been around for about 35:35.120 --> 35:41.120 40 years polio vaccines have only been around for about 40 years. So prior to that you know 35:41.120 --> 35:49.120 you always had a chance. I grew up in Milwaukee and in the summer of something like 55 or 35:49.120 --> 35:56.120 something like that I was the whole city of Milwaukee was put under quarantine. But when 35:56.120 --> 36:02.120 you showed those numbers the outbreak or the cases was relatively low compared to say something 36:02.120 --> 36:08.120 like measles or mumps. Right right but it was a more dramatic I mean that's why I said 36:08.120 --> 36:12.120 people say oh measles that's you know everybody gets measles there's nothing serious about 36:12.120 --> 36:18.120 measles but you get polio you get paralyzed you know I mean so there's a difference in 36:18.120 --> 36:24.120 so it has nothing to do with numbers it has to do with the fear of getting the disease. 36:24.120 --> 36:30.120 So yeah they're only like you said the data showed that the highest number in the late 36:30.120 --> 36:39.120 50s was like you know what was it 21,000 or something like that for polio and yeah half 36:39.120 --> 36:44.120 million for measles. Well you know like I said measles everybody gets measles but you 36:44.120 --> 36:51.120 don't want to get polio. They don't understand like measles can affect the heart and there 36:51.120 --> 36:56.120 can be people later on who get heart murmurs and heart problems and it can trace it back 36:56.120 --> 37:04.120 to having measles when they were a child. Oh dear. You know we all had them. And you know 37:04.120 --> 37:09.120 and there was no measles vaccine when I grew up you know so I mean I got measles. I got 37:09.120 --> 37:14.120 it. I got chickenpox. I got whooping cough. I didn't get whooping cough but I did get 37:14.120 --> 37:21.120 mumps. I do have a question I've heard a lot of controversy about the HPV because it is 37:21.120 --> 37:29.120 so new. Where could a person go to learn more as far as. The CDC yeah if you go to the CDC 37:29.120 --> 37:40.120 website which is down in Atlanta they have an outstanding information on every vaccine 37:40.120 --> 37:48.120 related disease. So that that's probably your best source and you know you know years ago 37:48.120 --> 37:52.120 you have to find well where is it written up but now it's written up on your computer 37:52.120 --> 38:01.120 screen all the time. So you can find out more about it than you'd ever want to learn. How 38:01.120 --> 38:10.120 about scarlet fever. Yeah well yeah scarlet fever is not again is can't be treated with 38:10.120 --> 38:15.120 the vaccine. It's just like I mentioned you know with the malaria. So you know it isn't 38:15.120 --> 38:21.120 part of this particular thing. I had scarlet fever when I was about five and I was treated 38:21.120 --> 38:30.120 almost like polio. I was put into an isolation ward at a hospital to overcome scarlet fever. 38:30.120 --> 38:37.120 My daughter had scarlet fever and we just treated her at home. She was losing her skin 38:37.120 --> 38:44.120 on her fingers. I mean my wife would you know put ointment on her fingers and put gauze 38:44.120 --> 38:51.120 gloves on her fingers and it was it was not a pleasant but she overcame it. But that again 38:51.120 --> 39:00.120 has other effects. It is cardiovascular effects that you can have. I've got sort of an abnormal 39:00.120 --> 39:05.120 heartbeat. Maybe it's the result of the scarlet fever I had when I was five. So far it hasn't 39:05.120 --> 39:13.120 affected me in any other way but you never know. Different people react to you know not 39:13.120 --> 39:21.120 only you know diseases because of your own body. Your own body is the best thing to protect 39:21.120 --> 39:28.120 you. All you're doing when you're doing vaccines is you're giving your body like an additional 39:28.120 --> 39:34.120 little help to overcome that. Your body will develop you know that's what happens. Your 39:34.120 --> 39:41.120 body develops a vaccine itself if you want to look at it that if you get this disease. 39:41.120 --> 39:48.120 But it also has other negative side effects. What happens is when you use the vaccine the 39:48.120 --> 39:58.120 same item or will cause the body to recognize that there's this foreign body but the foreign 39:58.120 --> 40:05.120 body will not cause the disease. It just causes the body to develop the immunity to the disease. 40:05.120 --> 40:10.120 Well many people who get a disease don't get it a second time because they develop an immunity 40:10.120 --> 40:16.120 to it. But it's much easier to take a shot than get the disease which could cause you 40:16.120 --> 40:22.120 many more problems. I was kind of wondering about diphtheria since you mentioned the DPT 40:22.120 --> 40:27.120 and you mentioned that it affected the tonsils and I was thinking about all the cases of 40:27.120 --> 40:33.120 the people of a certain age that had tonsillitis, tonsillectomies. You don't hear of that anymore. 40:33.120 --> 40:38.120 Is that do you is it possible that though many of these cases were in fact they had 40:38.120 --> 40:48.120 contractile? Well that also but also the development see tonsillitis is the tonsils were sort of 40:48.120 --> 40:58.120 a reservoir which the body used to fight off infections. And now if you start to get an 40:58.120 --> 41:03.120 infection and you're going to a physician he treats you with an antibiotic which then 41:03.120 --> 41:13.120 prevents the disease from centralizing and causing the tonsils to expand. You don't have 41:13.120 --> 41:20.120 any tonsils. Yeah I had my tonsils out when I was 11. I had my appendix out also when 41:20.120 --> 41:31.120 I was young. But I think nowadays with antibiotic therapy we end up never getting to severe 41:31.120 --> 41:38.120 tonsillitis and having to remove the tonsils. I mean the tonsils actually help fight off 41:38.120 --> 41:46.120 disease. That's what they're there for. Oh well just one other thing I grabbed this out 41:46.120 --> 41:58.120 of the Chainsore Pharmacy News which sort of indicated the top vaccines account for 41:58.120 --> 42:06.120 over five billion dollars in sales right now. So this is a fairly large and profitable area 42:06.120 --> 42:10.120 that the pharmaceutical companies you know there are some times when things don't get 42:10.120 --> 42:18.120 developed you know and one of the reasons is that it doesn't seem to be a profit motive. 42:18.120 --> 42:26.120 Our country is very motivated by profits and so vaccines because it takes a long time to 42:26.120 --> 42:32.120 develop them and they are protected they do turn out to be something worthwhile which 42:32.120 --> 42:38.120 then means that the industry will strive to bring out more and more vaccines if it can. 42:38.120 --> 42:44.120 Well like the pneumonia vaccine. Right. I'm thinking you know how many seniors I know 42:44.120 --> 42:49.120 that have pneumonia that are hospitalized. Yeah. They have this long hospitalization. 42:49.120 --> 42:54.120 They'd rather not be here. We would like to prevent them from being here. Right. It's 42:54.120 --> 43:00.120 not good for anybody. Right. And in pneumonia and older people it's because as you age your 43:00.120 --> 43:07.120 immune system does not work as well and therefore what you're doing by getting the 43:07.120 --> 43:15.120 vaccination is you're helping your immune system respond quicker and better to control 43:15.120 --> 43:20.120 the disease. So seniors that are visiting their doctors regularly would be advised 43:20.120 --> 43:24.120 they're on a schedule. Their doctors would be checking for that do you believe now? 43:24.120 --> 43:31.120 Yeah. But it still is an option. I mean you know I work in the pharmacy and I talk to 43:31.120 --> 43:37.120 people somebody comes in and getting an antibiotic and I got the flu. I said you get a flu shot? 43:37.120 --> 43:42.120 No I should have gotten a flu shot but I did. Maybe next year I'll get a flu shot. I said 43:42.120 --> 43:48.120 you know this was like say in January and I said get a flu shot now. You can get a flu 43:48.120 --> 43:56.120 a second time. Different bug you know. Something like that. So talk to somebody who complain 43:56.120 --> 44:03.120 now shingles vaccines are quite expensive. Many insurances don't pay for it. So they 44:03.120 --> 44:11.120 could be I think the price is around $215. A gentleman in my rotary club had a shot and 44:11.120 --> 44:16.120 it was sort of like complaining to me about the cost. But he also mentioned that his father 44:16.120 --> 44:24.120 had gotten shingles. I said would your father have paid $215 after he got the shingles to 44:24.120 --> 44:33.120 get rid of the shingles and he said yes. Very much have paid the $200. So it's like buying 44:33.120 --> 44:38.120 insurance. And the nice thing about shingles insurance you only pay for it once and you 44:38.120 --> 44:41.120 don't have to worry about your premiums going up. 44:41.120 --> 44:56.120 With the shingles vaccine do you get a light case of the shingles? Could you get very sick? 44:56.120 --> 45:08.120 No. High fever? No. I had a shingle shot probably about six weeks ago and I had a sore arm for 45:08.120 --> 45:15.120 two days right here where the shot was. That's one person but studies we could look at CDC 45:15.120 --> 45:23.120 to see what the percentage is. You do not get a shingles. You'll get a localized reaction 45:23.120 --> 45:29.120 to the shot but you don't get shingles. 45:29.120 --> 45:41.120 Question number two, I apologize for being late but the TB vaccine, why are they not 45:41.120 --> 45:47.120 giving the TB vaccine in the United States like they do in Australia? 45:47.120 --> 45:53.120 TB again was one of these things they thought they had totally licked and it was actually 45:53.120 --> 46:01.120 being handled primarily by antibiotics. Now the TB what they're giving you to the best 46:01.120 --> 46:07.120 of my knowledge because we didn't study it at all in my training because they didn't 46:07.120 --> 46:15.120 talk about it. It is trying to see if you're susceptible to TB or if you have it in a low 46:15.120 --> 46:23.120 level because TB you can have it and it's latent. So when you get that shot it tells 46:23.120 --> 46:25.120 you it's not really a vaccination. 46:25.120 --> 46:28.120 You're talking about the TB test. 46:28.120 --> 46:29.120 Yeah. 46:29.120 --> 46:35.120 I'm talking about the TB vaccine where you come from the Philippines. 46:35.120 --> 46:37.120 You actually get a TB vaccine? 46:37.120 --> 46:43.120 The people that come here that get their tests are always positive and they said oh well 46:43.120 --> 46:48.120 we were vaccinated with the TB vaccine that was required. 46:48.120 --> 46:56.120 Well I don't know. Like I said the text that I used to get qualified to give shots which 46:56.120 --> 47:01.120 is about that thick did not even go and didn't mention tuberculosis at all. 47:01.120 --> 47:02.120 Very interesting. 47:02.120 --> 47:09.120 But I know that the tuberculosis test that they give you in this country sometimes is 47:09.120 --> 47:16.120 not a vaccination. It's basically saying what your susceptibility or whether you're a carrier. 47:16.120 --> 47:26.120 And the problem is that the original antibiotics that were developed were very able to handle 47:26.120 --> 47:32.120 tuberculosis and eliminated in this country. I mean if you go back into the 19th century 47:32.120 --> 47:41.120 there were millions of deaths in this country from tuberculosis. What got rid of that was 47:41.120 --> 47:50.120 the antibiotics. And now what we're finding is that many of the TB bacilli are not, are 47:50.120 --> 48:00.120 able to protect themselves against the antibiotics. They have mutated so that the normal antibiotics 48:00.120 --> 48:05.120 don't work and so they're constantly trying to develop new antibiotics. 48:05.120 --> 48:14.120 We are an over-medicated society and one of the negatives of that is that especially in 48:14.120 --> 48:23.120 the area of antibiotics and not only over-medicated but in animal and food development we use 48:23.120 --> 48:33.120 antibiotics to get better yields, to get better cows and beef and pork and that. So we build 48:33.120 --> 48:41.120 up the potential of bugs which are immune to the common antibiotics. And therefore there's 48:41.120 --> 48:49.120 always new antibiotics coming out, hopefully, which the bug won't have an immunity to. 48:49.120 --> 48:56.120 But the more they're misused, the more they are like, for example, when people come into 48:56.120 --> 49:03.120 the pharmacy and get a prescription for an antibiotic it always, basically always, we 49:03.120 --> 49:10.120 always say till gone. We're supposed to take them three times a day till gone. I can't 49:10.120 --> 49:16.120 do this by any data but I would imagine there's a lot of antibiotics sitting on people's 49:16.120 --> 49:23.120 shelves at home because they stop feeling bad. I figure why should I continue taking 49:23.120 --> 49:29.120 this? Well, there is a possibility that you were dancing around the ring and jabbing the 49:29.120 --> 49:35.120 guy and you never knocked him out and then he comes off the canvas and he gets hurt a 49:35.120 --> 49:42.120 little bit and knocks you out. So that's what could happen in our society. We develop bugs 49:42.120 --> 49:49.120 which come off the canvas and hit us and now are immune to us, knocking them down again. 49:49.120 --> 49:56.120 So it's better to take your medications the way they're prescribed and not guess. If you 49:56.120 --> 50:02.120 get 12 antibiotic capsules to take, take all 12 of them. Don't put four of them away for 50:02.120 --> 50:08.120 a case I get sick again. Any other questions? 50:08.120 --> 50:16.120 What about fungal immunizations? Are there any anti-fungal immunizations? 50:16.120 --> 50:22.120 No, there's no immunizations for fungus. That's all topical. There are many topical drugs 50:22.120 --> 50:29.120 which will attack fungus and now they even have developed oral medication which attacks 50:29.120 --> 50:40.120 fungal infections. But then again, a fungus is totally unrelated to a virus. Most of your 50:40.120 --> 50:51.120 immunizations are viral type diseases. So you can go after and develop immunizations 50:51.120 --> 51:01.120 against viral diseases. To go after fungal diseases is not that easy. 51:01.120 --> 51:05.120 Any other questions? 51:05.120 --> 51:07.120 No, thank you very much for having me. 51:07.120 --> 51:09.120 That was really good. 51:09.120 --> 51:13.120 And go out and get vaccinated. 51:13.120 --> 51:14.120 Thank you. 51:14.120 --> 51:24.120 Okay. 51:44.120 --> 51:48.120 Thank you.