The Church	143
spontaneous.^907 The things that seemed important to some
members of the clergy themselves may be learned from Chad-
wick's amusing sketch of a rural parish.*^08 Even on the larger
scene one hears little enough of the masses. A weighty and
powerful prelate like Philpotts of Exeter, conservative to his
bones, in the end found nothing better to do with his time
than to inflict a very anachronistic prosecution for heresy on
one of his clergy.^909 The anglo-catholic schism, which often
deteriorated into petty squabbles over incense and vestments,
evoked at least from R. \V. Church an intellectually more
positive reaction.*^10 The facts of an industrialized society did
not remain hidden from everyone, and the 'Christian social-
ists', among whom F. D. Maurice deserves particular men-
tion, grew so active that at present they are a favourite subject
for aspiring doctoral candidates.^911 They have, however, also
produced rather more developed work from Vidler, who
elegantly reflects on the group,^912 and from Jones who gets
away from the leaders to demonstrate the multifariousness and
muddleheadedness of this mixture of visionary religion and
practical concern.^913 The newly revived roman Catholicism
of England, too, knew more conflict than unity. A relentless
champion of authority like Cardinal Manning^914 found himself
^807 G. J. T. Machin, 'The Maynooth grant, the dissenters, and dis-
establishment, 1845 - 1847', EHR 82 (1967), 61-85.
»os Qwen Chadwick, Victorian Miniature. L: Hodder & Stoughton:
1960. Pp. 189. Rev: EHR 77, 399^
*°*J, C. S. Nias, Corham and the Bishop of Exeter. L: SPCK: 1951.
Pp. 195. - G. C. B. Davies, Henry Philpotts, Bishop of Exeter, 1778 -
186$. L: SPCK: 1954. Pp. 415. Rev: EHR 71, 3s6f.
*^10 Basil A. Smith, Dean Church: the anglican response to Newman. L:
OUP: 1958. Pp. xiii, 334. Rev: EHR 74, 545^
^su E.g. Olive J. Brose, "F. D. Maurice and the Victorian crisis of
belief, VS 3 (1959 - 60), 227-48. - Peter R. Allen, 'F. D. Maurice
and J. M. Ludlow: a reassessment of the leaders of Christian
socialism*, VS n (1967-8), 461-82.
^912 Alec Vidler, F. D. Maurice and Company: nineteenth century studies. L:
Students* Christian Movement: 1966. Pp. 287. Rev: VS 1i, iO7f.
*^1S Peter d'A, Jones, The Christian Socialist Revival, 16/7 -1914+ Prince-
ton UP: 1968. Pp. xiii, 504. Rev: EHR 85, 196?.; Hist 54, 3o8f.
*^u V. A, McClelland, Cardinal Manning: his public life and influence.
L: OUP: 1962. Pp. xii, 256. Rev: EHR 79, 88of.