Parliament and Parties 119

a much larger co-operative work has achieved its first volume
only.7as A history- of the T.U.C. has the virtues (if any) and
deficiencies of a semi-official account.739 Hobsbawm has looked
at the efforts of the lowest layers to organize themselves,740
while of the elite unions only the railway-men's has received
reasonably scholarly treatment.741 An odd aspect of trade
union history, of which little is known, was the unions* share
in promoting emigration - in the end to the detriment of their
o\\n funds.742 The upright ineffectuals of the I.L.P., bearers of
the true faith, have found their historian.743 The influence of
the Fabians is uncritically hymned by Cole, herself involved,
while the beginnings of a more doubtful attitude, of which
more will be heard, appear in the book by McBriar which, in
consequence, met with some execration.744 Some individuals
receive their due, or more than their due. It took a Japanese
scholar to cope with H. M. Hyndman, a socialist John Bull of
essentially tory character;743 Masterman attends to a more
typical figure, the sentimental Christian J. M. Ludlow.746
Foreign prophets, too, make their appearance: Collins and
Abramsky look into the relations between England and the

73S H. A. Clegg, A. Fox, A. F. Thompson, A History of British Trade

Unionism since j&Sp, vol. i: 1889-1910. O: Clarendon: 1964.

Pp. ad, 514. Rev: EHR So, Syaf.; EcHR* 20, 359^.
73V Benjamin C. Roberts, Tfa Trades Union Congress^ 1868-1921. L:

Allen & Unwin: 1958. Pp. 408.
748 Eric J. Hobsbawm, 'General labour unions, 1882 - 1914', EcHR*

i (1948 -9), 123-42.

741 P. S. Gupta, 'Railway trade unionism in Britain, c. 1880 - 1900',
EcHR* 19 (1966), 124-53.

742 Charlotte Erickson, *The encouragement of emigration by British
trade unions, 1850- iqotf, Population Studies $ (1949 -50), 248-73.

743 Robert E. Dowse, Left in the Centre: the independent labour party,
1873-1940. L: Longmans: 1966. Pp. xi, 231.

744 Margaret Cole, The Story of Fabian Socialism. L: Helnemann: 1961.
Pp. xv, 361. Rev: EHR 78, 816. - A. M. McBriar, Fabian Socialism
in British Politics, 1884 -1318. CUP: 1962. Pp. x, 388. Rev: EHR
80, aoof.

743 Ghushichi Tsuzuki, H.M. Hyndman and British Socialism. L: OUP:

1961. Pp. viii, 304. Rev: EHR 77, 809.
7W Neville C. Masterman, John Malcolm Ludlow, the budlder of Christian

Socialism. CUP: 1963. Pp. vii, 299.