BEATERS 77

greater output. This engine enabled the beating to be carried on continuously,
on a fairly large body of stuff, in quite a small area; whereas only a few rags
could be pounded at one time in the stamper trough, which was a very slow
business.

The hollander consists of a krge oval trough with a partition, called the
midfeather, dividing it for some distance down the middle, but stopping short
a few feet from each end. The plan (Fig. 16) shows clearly the shape of the
trough and the partition.

The trough may be of cast iron, wood or concrete, and may be lined,
in the case of cast-iron and concrete types, with cement, gkzed tiles, lead or

[Bertram Ltd.
FIG. 19.—BASALT LAVA BEATE& ROLL WITH CAST-IHOK SPIDER AND STONE SBGKCENTS
copper. The construction of the trough is such as will permit and encourage
the quick and regular circulation of die stock, and prevent the lodgment of
any stuff, which might thus escape proper and thorough treatment, and which,
getting emptied down into the chest with the water used to wash out the
beater, would spoil the paper or seriously clog the strainers. The presence
of sharp corners, hollows or projections in the trough is very undesirable.
The beater roll (Figs* 17,18 and 19) is placed on one side of the midfeather,
about midway between the ends, and consists of a cast-iron or iron and stone
cylinder, through which is fixed a steel shaft, which serves to support tie
roll and also to connect it, by means of a suitable pulley, to the main driving
shaft.
A modern development is a roll driven by an internal electric motor