PAPER FINISHING 323

the Continent and for export. Waterproof-lined cases have to be provided
for gummed paper for postage stamps, and the lining is usually of zinc; the
top layer of zinc is soldered down when the case is full. Other packings re-
quire the paper to be baled in a hydraulic press between strong boards with
wire hoops.

The overhauling, counting and packing of all other qualities of paper are
the same as those for fine writing papers already described, except that the

[Hall and Kay
FIG. isS.—HALL AND KAY PATENT PAPER-CONDITIONING PLANT FOR CONDITIONING PAPER
CONTINUOUSLY IN MACHINE ROLLS
same standard of cleanliness is not usually expected, and cheaper forms of
packing and tying up are used.
Wrapping papers, news off-cuts and cheap papers generally do not have
wrappers extending over the ends. In the case of large sheets which cannot
conveniendy be handled flat, they are folded once or twice, making a more
compact and rigid bundle.
The loading of reams and reels of paper into lorries or railway wagons
must be very carefully carried out. Straw should be placed on the floor and
this should be dry. The truck or lorry should be filled as full as possible,
so that the reels or reams have no room in which to slide about, and all reels
should be securely scotched to prevent rolling. Considerable damage is often
done in transit owing to the goods not being properly packed by the sender.
Another very general cause of spoilage is the carriage of paper in lorries or