LIFE-SAVING   APPLIANCES

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practised on board tlie &hxp and on which life-saving appliances have
been examined. Penalty for failing to comply with this requirement,
a fine not exceeding £10.
38.	Is the master  hable to any  other penalty for   breach  of rules
regarding life-saving appliances?
Yes. If he is in fault he is hable to a penalty of £50, and the
owner if in fault is liable to a penalty of £100 for any of the following
offences*—
If the ship proceeds on any voyage without being supplied with
life-saving appliances in accordance with the rules applicable to the
ship, or
If any of the appliances with which the ship is so provided are lost
or rendeicd unfit for service through the wilful fault or negligence of the
owner or master; or
If the master wilfully neglects to replace or repair on the first oppor-
tunity any such appliances lost or injured in the course of the voyage; or
If such appliances are not kept so as to be at all times fit and ready
for use.
39.	What points have to be considered when deciding upon the positions
m which boats are to be carried and lowered?
They should be carried in positions where they are easily accessible,
and can be manned and lowered quickly, the safe embarkation of
passengers being carefully studied.
They must be high enough above the water to ensure them being
reasonably safe from damage in bad weather.
They should not be placed where, when being lowered into the water,
there is any chance of them being swamped by water from condenser
or pump discharges.
Projections on the ship's side must also be considered^ and positions
chosen where such projections (if any) are small and not liable to prove
dangerous.
Where this is impracticable, dangerous projections should be
removed or modified in design. If this cannot be done, all boats which
are stowed above such projections must be fitted with efficient
vertical fenders.
When boats are lowered care must be taken that they are not in
dangerous proximity to a propeller.