194 NICHOLLS'S SEAMANSHIP AND NAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE
exhibition of RECOGNITION SIGNALS adopted by shipowners, which
have been authorised by their respective Governments, and duly
registered and published.
Steamship Under Sail.
ART. 14.—A steam vessel proceeding under sail only, but having
her funnel up, shall carry in daytime, forward, where it can best
be seen, ONE BLACK BALL on SHAPE 2 feet in diameter.
Sound Signals for Fog, etc.
~-^ART 15.—All signals prescribed by this Article for vessels under
way shall be given—
1. By "steam vessels " on the whistle or siren.
2. By " sailing vessels and vessels towed " on the fog-horn.
The words " prolonged blast" used in this Article shall mean
a blast of from 4 to 6 seconds' duration.
A steam vessel shall be provided with an efficient whistle or
siren, sounded by steam or some substitute for steam, so placed
that the sound may not be intercepted by any obstruction, and
with an efficient fog-horn, to be sounded by mechanical means,
and also with an efficient bell.* A sailing vessel of 20 tons gross
tonnage or upwards shall be provided with a similar fog-horn and
bell.
In fog, mist, falling snow, or heavy rain-storms, whether by
day or night, the signals described in this Article shall be used as
follows, viz. :—
(a) A steam vessel having way upon her shall sound, at
intervals of not more than 2 minutes, A PROLONGED BLAST.
(b) A steam vessel under way, but stopped and having
no way upon her, shall sound, at intervals of not more
than 2 minutes, TWO PROLONGED-BLASTS, with an interval
of about 1 second between them.
(c) A sailing vessel under way shall sound, at intervals of
not more than 1 minute, when on the STARBOARD TACK
ONE BLAST, when on the PORT TACK TWO BLASTS in suc-
cession, and when with the WIN i> ABAFT THE BEAM TEDEMEB
BLASTS in succession.
* In all cases where the Rules reguire a bell to be used, a drum may be substituted ofc
board Turidsh vessels, or a gong where such articles are used on board small sea-golaa vessels,