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NICHOLAS'S SEAMANSHIP AND NAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE

Figure 40 illustrates a very clear cargo hold of a vessel having
four massive tubular pillars, one at each corner of the hatchway. The
pillars are associated with a strong overhead longitudinal girder which
distributes the local supporting power of the pillars to the neighbouring
parts of the vessel.

Fig. 40.—-The Hold of an "Isherwood" Ship.

Watertight Flats,—It is necessary to get watertight work where
the frames pass up through a side stringer plate of a watertight deck
The most common method is to cut the frame at the under side of the
watertight flat so that the stringer plate resting on the beams may be 1

—fc

Fig. 41.—Watertight Flat.

fitted close against the shell plating and be connected thereto by means
4>f a continuous fore-and-aft angle bar. The lower end of the next
section of frame bar is bracketed to the top side of the stringer plate.