BILGE PUMPS

605

to protect the end of the pipe. At least one side of theVbpx is
removable for cleaning-out purposes ; this drawing shows t
sides as a sliding fit into the framework of the box. Suction en
in hold spaces are enclosed in strum boxes having perforations not
more than three-eighths inch in diameter, whose combined area is
not less than twice that of the suction pipe.

It is very important to make sure that the strum boxes are cleaned
out and the suction ends clear before commencing to load cargo.

Downton Pump (Fig. 12).—This hand pump is operated by
means of a flywheel and a handle which turns a crank inside the
housing. The crank lifts and lowers the piston, or plunger, and an
inspection of the sectional drawing will indicate how the suction
and delivery valves open and close turn about as the piston goes up
and down.

OVEK-BOARP

Fig. 12.—Downton Pump.

The tail pipe is fitted with a gooseneck to fit on to various bilge
suction pipes, or to a sea connection.
This pump may be utilised to pump out any compartment
fitted with connections, and the delivery may be directed on deck
as indicated by the hose coupling, or discharged overboard.
Freeing Ports.—The openings in the bulwarks to clear the
decks of water when heavy seas are shipped may be left as openings
with safety bars across them spaced not more than 9 inches apart,
or they may be fitted with a hinged door which opens and closes
automatically.