viii CONTENTS
PAGE
Sulphates—Solubility—Crystallization—Change of weight of
barium sulphate—Gravimetric determination—Volumetric by
titration with standard base or carbonate.
Calcium—Gravimetric by weighing calcium oxide—Solubility—
Purity of precipitate—Volumetric by titration with permanga-
nate—Apparent valence.
Iron—Volumetric by titration with permanganate—Volumetric by
titration with dichromate.
Aluminium—Solubility—Gravimetric determination.
Carbonates—Gravimetric method—Volumetric by use of barium
hydroxide—Alkalinity of carbonates—Alkalinity of limestone.
Phosphates—Gravimetric by weighing magnesium pyrophosphate
—Insoluble phosphates—Volumetric by titration of ammonium
phosphomoly bdate.
PART II
SPECIAL MEASUREMENTS
CHAPTER IV
DENSITY AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY.................94
Density—Specific gravity—Baume* system—Methods for deter-
mining specific gravity—The hydrometer—The lactometer—
The Westphal balance—Use of the Westphal plummet on an
analytical balance—Applications.
CHAPTER V
HEAT OP COMBUSTION (CALORIMETRY)...............103
Units of measurement—Apparatus—Emerson fuel calorimeter—
Ignition wire—Formation of nitric acid—Radiation corrections
—Time-temperature curves—Calculation—Determinations.
CHAPTER VI
INDEX OF REFRACTION......................113
Theory—Apparatus—Abb6 refractometer—Dispersion—Butyro-
refractometer—Dipping refractometer—Pulfrich refractometer
—Determinations.
CHAPTER VII
OPTICAL ROTATION (POLARIMETRY;................121
Theory—Specific rotation—The polarimeter—Making a reading—7
Polarizer and analyzer—The Nicol prism—Method of making
observations—Light sourcfes—Quartz wedge compensation and