RAPTOR RESEARCH Volume 6 Number J Fall 1972 Raptor Research Foundation, lire. Vermillion. South Dakota. U.S.A. RAPTOR RESEARCH Volume 6, Number 3, Pages 93-1 32 Fall 1 972 CONTENTS SCIENTIFIC PAPERS Radio-tagging Falconiform and Strigiform Birds— Thomas C. Dunstan . 93 An Account of Trio Nesting by Yearling Snowy Owls in Captivity— G. M. Flieg and Paul R. Meppiel 103 Unusual Egg Production of the Bam Owl ( Tyto alba ) in Captivity-G. M. Flieg 104 REPORTS, REVIEWS, AND OPINION Letter to the Editor: Possible Vaccination against Aspergillosis— John E. Cooper 105 Translation: A Brief Report on Virus Hepatitis in the Eagle Owl— Karl Borg and G. Rockbom 106 Report: Raptor Papers Presented at the 1 972 Meeting of the American Ornithologists’ Union 108 Book Review: Heintzelman-A Guide to Northeastern Hawk Watching- Richard R. Olendorff 1 1 1 Report : Raptor Research Foundation, Inc., Membership and Mailing List, December 3 1 , 1 972 112 NOTES, NEWS, AND QUERIES Publication Date of Summer Issue, 1972 128 R.R.F.’s New Letterhead and Cover Picture for Raptor Research ... 128 Conference on Raptor Conservation Techniques, March 22-25, 1973 . . 128 Disease Transmission Problems in Raptors 128 Second Conference on Captivity Breeding of Raptors 129 Breeding Project Information Exchange-Change of Procedures .... 129 Request for Information and Assistance 129 Dr. Cade Appointed Chairman of Captivity Breeding Committee ... 129 A Grazing Protest for the Eagle Killers 129 Falconry Stirs Controversy in Hearings on Eagles 131 Artificial Insemination of Raptors 132 Bald Eagle Survives Shooting, Information Rewarded 133 RAPTOR RESEARCH Published by: RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC. c/o Department of Biology University of South Dakota Vermillion, South Dakota 57069 U.S.A. Editor: Richard R. Olendorff 3317 Olympus Drive Bremerton, Washington 98310 U.S.A. Associate Editors: Byron E. Harrell Department of Biology University of South Dakota Vermillion, South Dakota 57069 U.S.A RAPTOR RESEARCH is published quarterly in Spring, Summer, Fall, and Win- ter issues and occasional Supplements. The contents are usually divided into three sections. The first section is SCIENTIFIC PAPERS for reports of original research or theoretical analyses. These papers will be given careful editorial and referee scrutiny. A second section, REPORTS, REVIEWS, AND OPINION, will include secondary material, translations of material originally published else- where, reports of work still in progress, reports on meetings, often in some de- tail, book reviews, and other similar items. This material will be edited for accu- racy but will not receive the critical review given the Scientific Papers. Because of the preliminary or secondary nature of the material in this section the Edi- tors recommend that this material be cited in other papers only with great care or in a very general way and especially with specific preliminary or conference material only after consultation with the source of that information. Papers which express a personal opinion or letters to the Editor will be included in this section. NOTES, NEWS, AND QUERIES is used for notices of information or events, requests for information, news items either specially prepared or re- printed from other sources, and similar small items. This journal began publication as RAPTOR RESEARCH NEWS with Volume 1 in 1967 as a quarterly in typewritten mimeographed form on an SVi” by 11” page size. Volumes 2 and 3 in 1968 and 1969 were offset printed but continued the same frequency, page size, and standard typewriter type. An analytical in- dex for Volumes 1-3 was published. Volumes 4 and 5 in 1970 and 1971 were published six times a year in offset printing, SW* by % l /i” page size, and with IBM Composer typefaces; an analytical index for Volumes 4-5 is in preparation. In 1972, Volume 6, the name of the journal was changed to reflect the broader scope to RAPTOR RESEARCH. Currently the journal is published quarterly by offset printing with 6%” by 9Vi” page size and IBM Composer typefaces and annual analytical indexes. For membership and publication costs see inside back cover. Donald V. Hunter, Jr. Centerville, South Dakota 57014 U.S.A. RADIO-TAGGING FALCONIFORM AND STRIGIFORM BIRDS by Thomas C. Dunstan Department of Biological Sciences Western Illinois University Macomb, Illinois 41655 This paper describes techniques for radio-tagging and monitoring birds of prey. Several recent papers briefly discuss radio-telemetric techniques for study- ing behavior of raptorial birds. Nicholls and Warner (1966, 1968) commented on the use of radio-telemetry for studying the natural history of Great Homed Owls (. Bubo virginianus). Barred Owls (Strix varia), and Saw-whet Owls ( Aegol - ius acadica ). Southern (1963, 1964, 1965) commented on radio-tagging and tracking of wintering Bald Eagles ( Haliaeetus leucocephalus ). These authors briefly discussed problems of tagging and monitoring but little information was given comparing different receiving systems or concerning methods of harness- ing other raptors. Applications of the Technique By using radio-tagging one can gather data on raptorial birds without visual contact. As with banding, color-marking, or tagging by other means, the investi- gator must realize that the data are from a tagged subject. A radio-tagging study must be planned carefully before it is initiated in order to avoid loss of equip- ment or life of the subject. The radio-telemetric techniques described in this paper can be used to deter- mine: (1) territory and home range, (2) daily activity rhythms, (3) habitat utili- zation, (4) nest location, (5) physiological measurements such as heart rate, core temperature, and respiration rate, (6) feeding habits, (7) post-fledging activities such as family relationships, dispersal, migration, and survival, (8) pesticide and parasite fluctuations in time, and (9) interspecific and intraspecific interactions. Transmitters I radio-tagged 17 species (56 individuals) of captive or wild raptors (Table 1) with self-pulsed, crystal-controlled transistor oscillators operating at frequencies above 100 MHz. Continuous signal transmitters were also used in this study but were found to be inferior in regard to life and sensitivity to the bird’s body movements. Transmitters can be purchased or built to suit one’s needs. Commercially- available circuitry is frequently changed and varies with the supplier. The trans- mitter circuitry used in my study was similar to that used by Cochran (1967). Transmitter weight, size, and shape varied with the components, harness ma- terials, and amount of embedding material. The smallest transmitter that I used 93 Raptor Research 6(3): 93-1 02, 1972 94 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 Table 1 . Package types, harness materials and sizes, and package weight to body weight ratios for radio-tagging 17 species of raptorial birds. Scientific ] Package Harness Harness loop Mean % package name i type material* ** sizes (in) neck body weight to body weight male female Accipiter striatus BP 1/8 in ** ** 6 4 Accipiter cooperii BP 1/8 in ** ** 2 2 Accipiter gentilus BP 1/4 in SVi 1% 3 2 Buteo lagopus BP 20 ga. 1 9Vi 6 5 Buteo swansoni BP 20 ga. m 9Vi 6 5 Buteo platypterus BP 1/8 in 7 3/8 9 3/8 6 7 Buteo jamaicensis BP 1/4 in 18 ga. 8V 4 HVi 4 3 Circus cyaneus BP 1/4 in 5% 1% 6 6 Falco sparverius BP 1/8 in ** ** 4 4 Otus asio BP BRP 1/8 in ** ** 7 5 Asio flammeus BP 1/4 in 6% SVi 7 6 Asio otus BP 1/4 in 6 % 8% 7 6 Strix varia BP BRP 1/4 in 9% 12% 6 6 Bubo virginianus BP BRP 1/2 in 18 ga. 10 12% 5 4 Nyctea scandiaca BP 1/2 in ** ** 4 3 Pandion haliaetus BP 1/4 in ** ** 4 3 Haliaeetus leucocephalus BP 1/2 in 20 19 22 22 3 2 *Flattened width of woven teflon tubing or ga. of stranded wire with rubber insulation. ** Single adjustable body loop. BP Back package; BRP breast package. Fall 1972 Dunstan- Radio-tagging Falconiform and Strigiform Birds 95 weighed three grams and the total package weight (transmitter, antenna, har- ness, and embedding material) of all my radio-tags varied from five to 1 1 8 g. All package weights were less than seven percent of the bird’s total body weight (Table 1). My transmitters were embedded in acrylic or epoxy. The transmitter shape varied depending upon the application and components. I found it best to streamline the whole package. Most of my packages were small enough to be placed under the feathers. I painted the packages in cryptic color patterns with acrylic paints (RamCote) and placed them under the feathers to minimize sib- ling pecking and also to keep them warmer. Transmitter life is a function of battery type and energy consumed. My trans- mitters had actual field lives that varied from 31 to 5 1 0 days. Range varies with frequency, transmitter antenna length, numerous environmental factors, and with the receiving system. In general a transmitter with a whip antenna operat- ing above 1 00 MHz has greater efficiency than one with a small loop antenna. Harnesses Two harness designs were used. A double loop harness (Figs. 1 and 2) was used to hold back or breast packages on all species except Sparrow Hawks ( Fal - co sparverius ), Cooper’s Hawks ( Accipiter cooperii ), Sharp-shinned Hawks (Ac- cipiter striatus ), and Screech Owls (Otus asio). The preferred package type is Figure 1 . A completely assembled pre-fitted back package showing double loop harness, cross strap, whip antenna. This package weighed 40 grams and had a life of 230 days. 96 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 Figure 2. Back package in proper position at anterior margin of wings and show- ing spring at base of whip antenna and cryptic coloration to blend with back color of Rough-legged Hawk ( Buteo lagopus). Fall 1972 Dunstan— Radio-tagging of Falconiform and Strigiform Birds 97 given in Table 1. The double loop harness was modified after that of Nicholls and Warner (1968). They used 12-ga. insulated solid strand wire for harnessing Barred and Great Homed Owls. I found that this was too rigid for comfort, caused callouses on the skin, broke body feathers, and damaged developing feathers during molt more than did flexible stranded wires. I used stranded 18 gauge wire with mbber insulation to harness all larger hawks and owls (Table 1). Twenty and 24-ga. wires were used to harness the smaller hawks, owls, and falcons. However, teflon tubing was preferred. Red- tailed Hawks ( Buteo jamaicensis) easily broke the smaller gauge wire. The harnesses were prefitted in the laboratory and adjusted for close fit while in the field. The neck-loop end of the cross strap was adjusted and sewn or rivetted in the field. I used fine steel wire or cotton thread to sew this junction when I wanted the package to drop off after the power supply failed. When these materials decomposed, the package either dropped off or the bird pulled it off. This also minimized the chance of the body loop-cross strap junction breaking first which could cause strangulation by the neck loop. Dead trans- mitters were removed from the birds that could be recaptured in live traps. I used a single body loop harness to attach relatively short-lived back pack- ages to small Accipiters, Sparrow Hawks, and Screech Owls. A body loop of narrow teflon tubing or small gauge wire was fitted in the field. The field life of these transmitters was about 30 days and therefore they had to be replaced often. One wild female Sparrow Hawk was retagged seven times and her activi- ties were monitored continuously for 187 days. All harnesses were loose enough to allow a 4 mm diameter rod to pass be- tween the harness and the skin. This minimized the chance of restricting breath- ing or blood circulation, or causing strain or damage to muscles. It also allowed for some change in body size during molt. Woven teflon tubing was superior to insulated wire for attaching back pack- ages with whip antennas. This material is more flexible at temperatures below freezing and is stronger and softer than insulated wire. The flat widths of tubing that I used are given in Table 1 . Harness material was embedded into the package and a nylon cushion was glued to the surface of the back package adjacent to the skin. The cushion min- imized abrasion and moisture accumulation. Sponge rubber did not serve this purpose well because of its absorbent qualities and rapid rate of decomposition. Transmitter Antennas I used transmitters with either loop or whip antennas depending upon the mounted position of the transmitter and the harness material. Whip antennas were used on all back package transmitters and loop antennas were used on all breast packages. A combination whip and loop antenna was used on transmitters that had wire harnesses. The resonant whip antenna gave a stronger signal than the loop antenna when used on transmitters with the same circuitry. Transmitters with the combination 98 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 whip and loop antennas gave a signal as strong as the whip antenna. This com- bination was the most sensitive to the bird’s movements and gave the best sig- nals for remote interpretation of activities. Gold or copper-plated steel wire (.006 in diameter or larger) was used for whip antennas. The diameter varied depending on the size of the bird. The op- timum antenna length depended on transmitter frequency. The smallest diame- ter wire was used for tagging birds weighing less than 150 g. The smaller wires minimized the rebounding action to sudden movements by the bird while perch- ed or in flight. A small spring was embedded into the package at the base of the antenna (Fig. 1). This minimized the chance of the bird breaking the antenna. All birds preened or pulled on the antennas occasionally but none broke off. The type of loop antenna wire for the breast packages was determined by the harness material (Table 1). The stranded rubber insulated wires that I used were more flexible and of smaller gauge than that used by Nicholls and Warner (1968) and about as efficient. r a . PULSE RATE PITCH VOLUME Figure 3. Diagram of flight path of Great Horned Owl and simultaneous signal changes that result from the spreading of the two loop antennas that also serve as a harness. Distance, direction, and speed of flight and location of the bird can be determined remotely by audio signal change. From Dunstan, 1970. Fall 1972 Dunstan— Radio-tagging of Falconiform and Strigiform Birds 99 Receiving Systems I used four different receiving systems that varied in ability to be moved and receiving and directional characteristics. My comments will be based on the use of several Model 1 1-S Tracking Receivers (AVM Instrument Co.) working above 1 00 MHz. Changes in signal strength, pulse rate, and frequency detected by the receiver enabled me to determine the occurrence of flight (Fig. 3), preening and feeding from a perch, in addition to orientation to the receiving system. A sig- nal of constant pitch, pulse rate, and frequency indicated that the bird was sta- tionary. Four receiving systems were used: (1) hand-held portable, (2) temporary fix- ed station, (3) receiver-equipped ground vehicle, and (4) receiver-equipped air- craft (Fig. 4). The hand-held system (Fig. 4a) consisted of a receiver and a three-element yagi antenna. This system was used when working from a blind, canoe or boat, or when on foot, and gave the poorest reception and directivity. Birds were de- tected at distances up to 1 Vi miles. The temporary fixed stations (Fig. 4b) had two three-element antennas wired for a signal null or one eight-element antenna. The antennas were supported by vertical masts of various heights. A compass rose and needle were built into the support structure and oriented to true north. Stations were positioned at ele- vated places around the periphery of the study area. For example stations for Bald Eagles were spaced within two miles of the active nests and antennas were placed on top of tall red or white pine trees ( Pinus resinosa and Pinus strobus, respectively), forest watch towers, and on 40-foot masts positioned on high hills. Readings were taken simultaneously from different stations by a team of field personnel and the locations of birds were determined by plotting two in- tercepting lines. These fixed stations provided accurate locations and readings were more consistent than those from other systems. Signals were received up to 20 miles. The receiver-equipped ground vehicle system (Fig. 4c) can be moved more rapidly and provided accuracy of one degree at % mile. Either two three-ele- ment yagi antennas wired for a null signal or one 14-foot eight-element yagi was mounted on an automobile. The nulling arrangement was used for monitor- ing activities of birds within a territory or home range and gave sharper directiv- ity than two yagi antennas wired for a signal peak. The single eight-element antenna was used for tracking high flying birds over long distances and for this purpose was superior in reception and directivity to the double antenna arrange- ment. The increased mobility was necessary for following low flying birds such as owls over long distances. Birds flying above tree top level (approximately 80 feet) such as the buteos were easily followed and signals were received at ranges up to 20 miles. Signals from soaring hawks and eagles were good at 1 5 miles and the rhythm and tightness of the circle flights could be determined by counting the signal peaks per unit time. A car-top carrier and antenna mounts can be fitted to almost any model of 100 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 .te . Fall 1972 Dunstan- Radio-tagging of Fal coniform and Strigiform Birds 101 vehicle. A compass rose and needle were attached to the window portion of the automobile and the antenna was turned manually (Fig. 4c). The receiver-equipped aircraft was used to locate birds out of signal range. Either one or two yagi antennas were mounted on high or low fixed-wing air- planes (Fig. 4d). Occasionally an antenna was held out a window. Double an- tennas were directed forward and mounted at 30 degrees from vertical (Fig. 4d). When checking over large areas (100 square miles) the antennas were directed at right angles to the airplane. Antennas were wired for maximum signal recep- tion and birds were located by maneuvering the airplane. Birds nesting or roosting on the ground or hunting low in densely wooded areas or hilly terrain were sometimes difficult to detect without an airplane. Birds roosting within 10 feet of the ground and tagged with transmitters with loop antennas could be detected at a distance up to 12 miles from an airplane flying at an altitude of 2,000 feet. One Bald Eagle tagged with a transmitter with a whip antenna was detected soaring at an altitude of 300 feet. The track- ing plane was 38 miles away and flying at an altitude of 2,000 feet. I seldom used an airplane except during the- dispersal periods or when trying to locate birds temporarily out of signal range. Acknowledgments The author wishes to acknowledge the technical assistance of William W. Cochran during portions of the various radio telemetry studies that I have con- ducted. Financial support was provided by the Zoology Department of the Uni- versity of South Dakota, the Department of Biological Sciences of Western Illi- nois University, the Western Illinois University Research Council, and the Frank M. Chapman Memorial Fund of the American Museum of Natural History. M. Kent Froberg and Steve Sample aided in field work. Byron E. Harrell provided constructive criticism on procedures and techniques during the initial studies on owls. E. Bruce Holmes read and offered constructive criticism of the manu- script. Literature Cited Cochran, W. W. 1967. 145-160 MHz beacon (tag) transmitter for small animals. BIAC Information Module Washington, D. C. 12 p. Dunstan, T. C. 1970. Post-fledging activities of juvenile Great Horned Owls as determined by radio- telemetry. Ph.D. Dissertation. Univ. of South Dakota, Vermillion, llOp. Figure on opposite page. Figure 4. Radio-tracking systems used for raptor studies: (a) hand held system, (b) temporary fixed station, (c) receiver-equipped ground mobile, (d) receiver- equipped aircraft. Insets show compass rose and needle arrangements. RAPTOR RESEARCH 102 Vol. 6, No. 3 Nicholls, T. H., and D. W. Warner. 1966. Biotelemetry— a valuable tool in bird study. Passenger Pigeon 28:127-131. Nicholls, T. H., and D. W. Warner. 1968. A harness for attaching radio transmit- ters to large owls. Bird-banding 39:209-214. Southern, W. E. 1963. Winter populations, behavior, and seasonal dispersal of Bald Eagles in northwestern Illinois. Wilson Bull. 75:42-55. Southern, W. E. 1964. Additional observations on winter Bald Eagle popula- tions: including remarks on biotelemetry techniques and immature plum- ages. Wilson Bull 76: 121-137. Southern, W. E. 1965. Biotelemetry: a new technique for wildlife research. Living Bird 4:45-58. (Manuscript received April 15, 1972.) AN ACCOUNT OF TRIO NESTING BY YEARLING SNOWY OWLS IN CAPTIVITY by G. M. Flieg and Paul R. Meppiel 3868 Humphrey St. Louis, Missouri 63116 In July, 1970, nestling Snowy Owls were collected on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. They were two to three weeks of age at this time. They were acclimated to captivity (Flieg and Meppiel, 1971) and were easily sexed after they assumed their first plumage; the males were finely barred while the females were heavily barred with black. The birds, two males and four females, were first kept in a large aviary and then the six birds were transferred to a small aviary 15x10x12 feet. On June 8, 1971, an egg was discovered in the cage. Courtship feeding was observed. One male began dancing and hooting around the laying female, all the while holding a mouse in its beak. The courtship was consumated by feeding her the mouse. An egg was laid on June 9 and on June 12 four eggs were evident. On June 14 a second female began nesting but was courted only by the afore- mentioned male. Both females had the feathers of their rump disarranged al- though no copulation was observed. A total of six eggs were in the cage on June 14; there were 10 eggs on June 22. There was no aggressive behavior in the en- closure between the nesting birds and the other owls which paid no attention. The two nests were about lVi feet apart and eggs were exchanged back and forth freely until the birds settled down to serious incubation. The breeding male then began feeding another male. All eggs were infertile, but the age of the breeding birds is significant as to my knowledge this has never before been recorded. If there is any information on early breeding of Snowy Owls, I would hope that fellow members would kindly send your sources and observations to us at the address above. Reference Flieg, G.M. and P. R. Meppiel. 1971. Care and Feeding of Snowy Owls. Game Breeders Gazette 20(4)36, April 1971. (Manuscript received August 30, 1972.) 103 Raptor Research (6(3): 103, 1972 UNUSUAL EGG PRODUCTION OF THE BARN OWL (TYTO ALBA) IN CAPTIVITY by G. M. Flieg 3868 Humphrey St. Louis, Missouri 63116 In 1969 I became Curator of Birds at the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago and at that time a pair of Bam Owls began to nest. In 1969 four clutches were pro- duced in January, March, June and October, and 1 1 birds were produced out of about 28 eggs. In 1970 three clutches were produced and 16 young matured out of 1 8 eggs. In 1971 six young were produced from clutches in February and June. In summary, nine clutches were produced in less than three years and 33 young were produced from about 70 eggs. This is indeed phenomenal consider- ing that the young weren’t removed from the parents until they were able to fend for themselves. In some instances the female was laying eggs with the juve- niles present in the cage. No aggression was directed toward the juveniles by either parent during incubation. (Manuscript received August 30, 1972.) 104 Raptor Research 6(3): 104, 1972 REPORTS , REVIEWS, AND OPINION LETTER TO THE EDITOR: POSSIBLE VACCINATION AGAINST ASPERGILLOSIS Sir: A recent report from the Nuffield Unit of Comparative Medicine in Lon- don may possibly be of significance to those who keep raptors in captivity, whether for falconry or for research. The report {Journal of Zoology 166(4):587, April 1972) describes success- ful attempts by Dr. G. R. Smith of the Nuffield Unit to produce immunity in mice to the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Dr. Smith achieved this by vaccinating the mice with either a sublethal intra-venous dose of washed living spores or a killed whole culture of A. fumigatus . The protection produced was only of short duration and depended upon the size of both vaccine and challenge doses but, nevertheless, the results are encouraging and suggest that effective vaccina- tion of mice against aspergillosis might eventually be possible. Aspergillosis is probably the commonest cause of death in captive birds of prey (Cooper, 1969; Keymer, 1972). Treatment with antifungal drugs has been tried with some apparent degree of success (e.g., Beebe and Webster, 1964; Gla- sier, 1968), but have been hampered by the difficulties of an accurate diagnosis (Cooper, 1972). Control has therefore largely depended upon prevention, main- ly by reducing the Aspergillus spore content in the bird’s environment and, also, to some extent, the prophylactic administration of an antifungal aerosol. Such measures are probably of value but are certainly not the answer to the problem. The purpose of this letter is to draw attention to Dr. Smith’s work and to suggest that similar investigations into the vaccination of birds against Asper- gillus fumigatus might prove of value. Such work could commence in poultry and, later, if results proved at all encouraging, might be extended to raptors. Yours faithfully, John E. Cooper Veterinary Services Division P.O. Kabete, Kenya 24th July, 1972 Literature: Beebe, F., and H. M. Webster, Jr. 1964. North American Falconry and Hunting Hawks. Denver: World Press. Cooper, J. E. 1969. Vet. Rec. 84:454-457. Cooper .J. E. 1972. Veterinary aspects of captive birds of prey. (To be pub- lished by the Hawk Trust.) Glasier, P. E. B. 1968. Personal communication. Keymer, I. F. 1972. Vet. Rec. 90:579-594. 105 Raptor Research 6(3): 105, 1972 TRAN SLA TION: A BRIEF REPORT ON VIRUS HEPATITIS IN THE EAGLE OWL* by Karl Borg and G. Rockborn Statens Veterinarmedicinska Anstalt S-104 05 Stockholm 50 Sweden Breeding of Eagle Owls {Bubo bubo ) started a few years ago at some places in central Sweden. The purpose was to try to re-establish the Swedish Eagle Owl population. During late years several deaths have occurred among the owls at these breeding stations and this has threatened to spoil the results of the ac- tivity. An application of the breeders for a grant to be able to continue their activ- ity caused us to make a survey of the material of dead Eagle Owls, sent to the National Veterinary Institute in Stockholm (SVA) for examination. This survey revealed the following. During the time 1948-1971, about 85 dead Eagle Owls had been received at SVA for post mortem examination. Roughly three fourths of the owls had been found dead in nature, the remaining ones originating from breeding stations, zoological gardens, etc. The material consisted of about as many male as female birds. Causes of death of different kinds were found among the owls, e.g. mercury (methyl mercury) poisoning (tables in other parts of the report), traumatic in- juries, malnutrition, and infectious diseases. Of particular interest concerning the breeding and releasing of Eagle Owls was the finding of a disease, characterized by miliary necroses in the liver and other intestinal organs. This disease was primarily found in owls from breeding stations. The Eagle Owl disease is incompletely known as concerns ways of spread, etc. However, a disease morphologically similar to the Eagle Owl disease was briefly described a few years ago as a specific virus hepatitis in owls at Schon- brunn’s zoological garden. Among the Eagle Owls sent to the SVA, virus hepatitis was twice found in 1956, thus in one owl originating from the vicinity of the town Sala (ca 100 km northwest of Stockholm), and in one from the vicinity of the town Orebro (ca 200 km west of Stockholm). These two owls were obviously found dead in na- *Editors’ Note: This is a translation of an appendix of an annual mimeographed report of The National Veterinary Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (Statens Vet- erinarmedicinska Anstalt, Verksamhetsberattelse for Viltforsknungen vid SVA, 1.7.1970-30.6.1970, Bilaga VI, pp. 1-3, 1971). Some data included were added after the report was issued. We wish to thank Dr. Joseph Hickey for sending us a copy of the translation and to Dr. Karl Borg for permission to print it. 106 Raptor Research 6(3): 106-107, 1972 Fall 1972 Borg and Rockborn- Virus Hepatitis in the Eagle Owl 1 07 ture. They were also the only ones in the SVA material, dead of virus hepatitis during the period 1948-1966. During this time, in all about 50 Eagle Owls were submitted to SVA for examination. The incidence of Eagle Owls suffering from virus hepatitis increased consid- erably since 1967. Thus, during the period 1967-1971, about 35 Eagle Owls were submitted to the institute. Virus hepatitis was found in 13 of these, all of which originated from breeding stations or zoological gardens. They are listed below. August 1967 2 from Dala-Floda (350 km northeast of Stockholm) May-June 1968 3 from Skansen Zoo, Stockholm January 1969 1 from Dala-Floda June 1969 1 from Skansen Zoo December 1969 1 from Grabo (outside Goteborg, west Sweden) September 1970 1 from Grabo December 1970 1 from Geijersfors (350 km west of Stockholm) January 1971 1 from Geijersfors June-July 1971 2 from Skansen (As is the case with most material submitted to SVA, the examinations of these owls were unprejudiced and as far as possible complete, yet without anything else of particular interest being found. Bacteriological examination was negative and only low residues of e.g. mercury were found.) A few years ago, some Eagle Owls were imported to Sweden from England (Norfolk). Temporarily those owls were placed at Skansen, later to be distrib- uted to breeding stations or to be released. For several decades, Skansen has had a considerable number of Eagle Owls. As far as known, no case of virus hepatitis has occurred until the Norfolk owls arrived. It has appeared impossible to obtain accurate information, but obvi- ously one or two of the deaths at Skansen hit Norfolk owls. The breeding sta- tions at Dala-Floda, Grabo and Geijersfors seem to have had contacts with owls from Skansen or England. The source of the virus thus seems to be the same even if an indigenous source may not be excluded for sure. The SVA examina- tions indicate that the virus hepatitis may constitute a great menace to the breeding of Eagle Owls. From one of the Skansen owls (July 1971), we succeeded in isolating a virus. This has been classified as a herpes virus. This virus was injected intramuscularly in one Eagle Owl, one Tawny Owl (Strix aluco ) and one Buzzard ( Buteo buteo). In less than 14 days, the Eagle Owl died, post mortem examination revealing lesions typical of virus hepatitis. Neither the Tawny Owl, nor the Buzzard show- ed any signs of disease. Some four to six weeks after injection, they were sacri- ficed, post mortem examination being negative. REPORT: RAPTOR PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 1972 MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION Six papers dealing specifically with raptors were presented at the Ninetieth Stated Meeting of the American Ornithologists’ Union, Grand Forks, North Da- kota, 14-18 August 1972. The abstracts of those papers follow. The Editors of Raptor Research wish to thank the authors of the papers for the permission to print their abstracts. Each author should be contacted before information pre- sented here is quoted. Paper 29. Development of prey-recognition and killing behavior in hand-rear- ed Sparrow Hawks. Helmut C. Mueller, Department of Zoology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Nine hand-reared Falco sparverius were tested with a variety of models rang- ing from a ball of tissue-paper to a live mouse. Six birds showed no response to models or dead mice. The three birds that responded to models did so irregular- ly and in a manner interpreted to be play behavior. All nine birds attacked live mice, five of these within ten seconds of the presentation of the first live mouse. First attacks on live mice were well oriented and performed with considerable expertise. The only improvement seen was that birds learned to release mice that were grasped poorly before being bitten by the mouse. Essentially no im- provement in the capture of mice was seen after no more than six encounters in any of the birds. The results suggest that the recognition of mice as prey and the attack and killing behaviors are largely innate. Paper 47. Desert wintering Bald Eagles in Utah. Joseph B. Platt, Department of Zoology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84601. The Bald Eagle ( Haliaeetus leucocephalus ) is found along river drainages and lakes throughout the United States during the winter. Their food habits, as de- termined from the literature, reflect this close association with aquatic systems. About one hundred Bald Eagles winter in the desert valleys of west central Utah. There is no extensive open water in the wintering ground and, therefore, they have a strikingly different food base than other Bald Eagles. The diet of these desert wintering Bald Eagles approximates that of the Golden Eagle ( Aquila chrysaetos ). Blacktail Jackrabbits ( Lepus californicus ) are a staple food. Their food habits in relation to their winter habitat were discussed. A high per- centage of the pellets or castings analyzed contained lead shot. 108 Raptor Research 6(3): 108-1 10, 1972 Fall 1972 Raptor Papers at 1972 AOU Meeting 109 Paper 48. Application of radio-telemetric techniques to studies of strigiform and falconiform birds. Thomas C. Dunstan*, Steve D. Sample, and M. Kent Froberg, Department of Biological Sciences, Western Illinois University, Ma- comb, Illinois 61455. Radio-telemetric techniques were used to study various aspects of the life histories of 17 species of birds of prey. Methods of attaching transmitters to subjects were: (1) double body loop harnesses for both breast and back packages, (2) sutured rump package, (3) tail feather package, and (4) leg jess package. Territories and home ranges of both breeding and wintering raptors as well as interspecific spatial and temporal relationships, and post-fledging activities of juvenile birds were determined. Nest sites were located by (1) tracking captured radio-tagged prey, and (2) by locating nests in winter from an airplane and marking the locations with transmitters. Paper 49. A Great Horned Owl banding program in Saskatchewan. C. Stuart Houston, 863 University Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Since 1946, over 1,950 flightless young Great Horned Owls have been band- ed by the speaker in Saskatchewan. This has only been possible as a result of wide publicity, first through a personal nature program on the local television station and, subsequently, through the nature column in the largest western Canada farm newspaper. This study depended on public cooperation in reporting nests (as far as 323 road miles from Saskatoon) and in the cooperation of successive young banding assistants. Some of the latter have gone on to careers in biology and four have graduated to full banding permits of their own. Increased public interest in rap- tors and an appreciation of their value has resulted in a number of Saskatche- wan communities. Food contents in nests have been recorded and recently have been correlated with pellet analysis by Hugh C. Smith. There is suggestive evidence of a cause- and-effect relationship between changing food availability and brood size. One hundred and forty-eight banding recoveries have demonstrated an unex- pected southeasterly movement of some of these supposed year-round residents (as far away as Iowa and Nebraska), confirming Swenk’s 1937 conclusions based on plumage studies. Paper 50. Population and behavioral studies of the Saw-whet Owl in Arizona. R. Roy Johnson* and Steven W. Carothers, Prescott College Ecological Survey, Prescott, Arizona. 110 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 The habits and distribution of the Saw-whet Owl (. Aegolius acadica ) have previously been poorly known in Arizona, as well as throughout the Southwest. The records, as reviewed in The Birds of Arizona (Phillips, Marshall and Mon- son) are scattered both geographically and chronologically, with nesting data practically nonexistent. Records for adjacent areas in New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Nevada and southern California are equally scarce. In the winter of 1968-69 we rediscovered this species in central Arizona. A study of population densities and distribution, both elevationally and geograph- ically, as well as breeding behavior was extended throughout the state during the 1969-70 winter. Although the literature commonly reports this owl as “tame”, we do not find this in Arizona. During the winter of 1969-70 popula- tion densities were commonly 1 5-20 pairs per square mile (usually 1 6 pairs in good habitat), and as great as 40 pairs per square mile in the pine-oak woodland of the Sierra Ancha. Although vocalization is common throughout winter (rare in summer), study is often extremely difficult and collection sometimes impos- sible. Food in mid-winter consists partially of moths. Densities remained high through the winter of 1970-71 and crashed in 1971-72. Paper 70. Effect of man on the nesting of raptors in shortgrass prairie. Rich- ard R. Olendorff, Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024. The extent to which man has played a role in the distribution of nesting birds of prey on the Pawnee National Grassland in northeastern Colorado is re- markable. The homesteaders of the late 1800’s and early 1900’s planted trees near their houses. These trees, now long abandoned by the homesteaders, are used by birds of prey as nest sites. The early settlers also made use of windmills and the overflow provided water for trees. Elaborate but unsuccessful attempts at irrigation and water management were made decades ago and cottonwood trees got started along ditches and small water impoundments in usually dry stream beds. These trees have had their greatest effect on birds of prey now nesting in pure grassland areas where trees did not exist before white men came to northeastern Colorado. About 68 percent of the Ferruginous Hawks nesting in pure grass- lands nest in situations man has created in the last 100 years. Similarly, 98 per- cent of the Swainson’s Hawks nest in trees man purposely or inadvertently planted in pure grassland areas. Considering all grassland habitats (grasslands, bluffs, creek bottoms, and cultivated land), 41 percent of the Ferruginous Hawks, 40 percent of the Swainson’s Hawks and nine percent of the Golden Eagles now nest in situations created by man. None of the Prairie Falcons or Red-tailed Hawks do so in the area under study. Quantitative analyses of differential utilization of the shortgrass prairie by nesting birds of prey and use of different supporting structures by the raptors were presented. The success (fledglings per nest) in each habitat, type of struc- ture, and type of man-created situation was given. BOOK REVIEW Heintzelman, Donald S. 1972. A Guide to Northeastern Hawk Watching. Lam- bertville, N.J.: Privately published by the author. 64 p. 5 1 /4x7%”. Paper covers. 1 1 photos, 5 figures and 7 maps. $1.75 postpaid. Order from Don- ald S. Heintzelman, 35 Church Street* Lambertville, New Jersey 08530. We are provided within the covers of this new booklet with a service, i.e., with detailed travel directions to 22 good points for observing migrating birds of prey. Scattered from Maine to Virginia, these lookouts include such popular points as Hawk Mountain Sanctuary (Pennsylvania), Cape May Point (New Jer- sey), Assateague Island (Maryland), and little-known places such as Tuscarora Mountain (Pennsylvania), Mendota Fire Tower (Virginia) and many others. The descriptions of the lookouts are the strength of the publication. Other portions of the work are extremely basic, yet adequate within one’s general idea of a “guide.” Brief discussions of spring and autumn hawk migra- tions, weather, field equipment, and identification will, perhaps, stimulate the casual hawk watcher to pursue this outdoor activity further. Most of the 1 1 photographs are excellent, but one blurred shot of a Sharp- shinned Hawk should never have been published. Another illustrating the proper way to hold a pair of binoculars may insult most readers’ intelligence. The fig- ures and maps are well prepared, except for one very poor attempt to depict hawk silhouettes. One of the most useful suggestions is a “hawk migration data sheet” which is accompanied by directions for its use. Beginners (and some pro- fessionals) need such encouragement to take detailed, quantitative field notes. In general, A Guide to Northeastern Hawk Watching is a booklet which peo- ple in the eastern United States will use not only en route to the lookouts, but at the observation points as well. If you are looking for a detailed technical dis- cussion of hawk migration, this is not the place to look. If, however, you want to know when and where to watch hawks on migration, this publication is a must. Richard R. Olendorff. Ill Raptor Research 6(3): 111, 1972 REPORT; RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC. MEMBERSHIP AND MAILING LIST DECEMBER 31, 1972 This list includes all who have paid for 1971 or 1972 and additional exchange and courtesy listings (indicated with an *). Mail has been returned from ad- dresses we have for the following: L. J. Bidlake, Don A. Brookes, W. P. Conway, David D. Cornman, Ronald L. Collette, Bro. Edwin Mattingly, Richard J. Peir- son, Mark A. Rosenthal, and James T. Ross. We would like to receive any new addresses for these members. Although we have tried to eliminate errors, some will remain; any significant corrections will be appreciated. 'Adams, Ray, Kalamazoo Nature Center, 7000 N. Westnedge Ave., Kalamazoo, MI 49001 Adamson, J. C., 5000 Rocklin Rd., Rocklin, CA 95677 Alaska Dept, of Fish & Game— Library, Subport Bldg., Juneau, AK 99801 Aldrich, John W., 6324 Lakeview Dr., Falls Church, VA 22041 Alexander Lindsey Jr. Museum, 1901 First Ave., Walnut Creek, CA 94596 Allen, David E., 1 1332 Sunnyslope, Kansas City, MO 64134 Amadon, Dean, Amer. Museum of Nat. Hist., Central Park W. at 79th St., New York, NY 10024 Ambrus, Julian, MD, 143 Windsor Ave., Buffalo, NY 14209 Ammerinan, Dennis, 421 Meadowbrook, Olatha, KS 66061 Andersen, William C., Otero Junior College, La Junta, CO 81050 Anderson, Beverly L., MD, 977 Sexton Rd., Howell, MI 48843 Anderson, Don, 910 N. Indiana St., Brazil, IN 47834 Anderson, John, 1010 Sugar Bridge Rd., West Chester, PA 19380 Anderson, Leroy, Wildlife Unit, Univ. of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99701 Anderson, Ralph G., PO Box 421, Wallowa, OR 97885 Anderson, Robert J., c/o Science Museum, 30 E. 10th St., St. Paul, MN 55101 Arizona Game & Fish Dept., Research Division, 2222 W. Greenway Rd., Phoe- nix, AZ 85023 Arizona, Univ. of, Library, Tucson, AZ 85721 Armistead, Henry T., 39 Benezet St,, Philadelphia, PA 19118 Ashby, Mark, RR 2, Sheboygan, WI 53081 Athanas, Chris, 9415 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, MD 20014 Atwater, Steve, 309 15th St., Apt. 1, Bemidji, MN 56601 Austin, Oliver L., Jr., Florida State Museum, Gainesville, FL 32601 Awender, Erich, 1717 W. Church, Freeport, IL 61032 Bachman, Mrs. David, 242 Eldorado Ave., Louisville, KY 40218 Balgooyen, Thomas G., Museum of Vert. Zoology, Univ. of California, Berke- ley, CA 94720 112 Fall 1972 Raptor Research Foundation Membership List 113 Baptiste, Steve, 1 102 Oxford Ave., Sparks, NV 89431 Barnes, Richard H., 326 N. St. Paul, Wichita, KS 67203 Barry, Mary S., 320 Cedar, Whitewater, WI 53190 Bartlett, Charles, P.E.I. Wildlife Park, North Rustico, P.E.I., Canada Beebe, F. L., Box 37, Saanichton, B.C., Canada Beebe, Spencer B., c/o Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 205 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511 Beeman, Gary A., 181 Iron wood Dr., Pacheco, CA 94553 Beery, Don, 5400 Phinney Ave., Seattle Woodland Park Zoo, Seattle, WA 98103 Beese, Gary A., 8570 Bruce, Riverside, CA 92503 Belyea, Glenn Y., 9405 E. Stoll Road, Lansing, MI 48823 Bendock, Terry, Box 81271, College, AK 99701 Bergquist, Susan, 1395 Simpson St., St. Paul, MN 55108 Berry, Robert B., Yellow Springs Rd., Chester Springs, PA 19425 Beske, Alan, 83 North 300 East, Springville, UT 84663 Bidlake, L. J., address unknown. Bierregaard, Richard O., Jr., Martha’s Vineyard Raptor Research, Edgartown, MA 02539 Bindner, Chuck, Jr., 4402 N. 67th Ave., Phoenix, AZ 85033 *Bird Banding Laboratory, Migratory Bird Population Station, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD 20810 Bird, David, Dept, of Zoology, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada Blood, Donald A., Saskatchewan Dept, of Natural Resources, 311 21st St. East, Saskatoon, Sask., Canada Bodio, Stephen J., PO Box 196, Sheldonville, MA 02070 Boeker, Erwin L., USDI, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Room 213, Forest Hydrology Lab., Arizona State Univ. Campus, Tempe, AZ 85281 Bolick, Lawrence E., 197 Fox Ridge Rd., Stamford, CT 06903 Bond, Frank M., 540 Camino Rancheros, Santa Fe, NM 87501 Bos, Henri, Box 1019, OSRO, Bio-Medical Research Ins., Kamuela, HI 96743 Boyd, A. Lester, Route 3, Box 46, Moscow, ID 83843 Bracewell, Rev. Howard W., St. Timothy’s Mission, Pond Inlet, N.W.T., via Mon- treal, Canada Brewer, Mike, Box 501, Pauls Valley, OK 73075 Brinkley, David R., 14436 La Cuarta, Whittier, CA 90602 Brisbin, I. L., Jr., Ecology Lab., Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29801 *British Trust for Ornithology, Beech Grove, Tring, Hertfordshire, England Brooker, M. G., CSIRO, Div. of Wildlife Research, Clayton Rd., Helena Valley, W. Australia Brookes, Don A., address unknown. *Brown, Leslie, Box 24916, Karen, Kenya Bruggman, Bernard W., 1231 Dean St., St. Charles, IL 60174 Brunotte, Richard J., 1725 W. Vermijo, Colorado Springs, CO 80904 Buckland, Roger, Poultry Bldg., McDonald College, Ste. Ann de Belleview, Que. Canada Bull, Frank, 412 Naomi St., Philadelphia, PA 19128 114 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 Burns, John J., 1300 College Rd., Fairbanks, AK 99701 Buscemi, Ralph J., Longley Rd., Shirley, MA 01464 Bush, Doug, 3575 E. Georgia St., Vancouver 6, B.C., Canada Bush, Robert E., 720 N. Tropical Tr., Merritt Island, FL 32952 Buskirk, Robert F., 4739 Northeastern Ave., Indianapolis, IN 46239 Byrd, Mitchell A., Dept, of Biology, College of Wm. &Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 Cade, Tom J., RD 1, Dry den, NY 13053 Call, Daniel J., RR, Aurora, SD 57002 Camenzind, Franz J., PO Box 1330, Jackson, WY 83001 Campbell, C. A., 188 Lester St., Apt. 7B, Waterloo, Ont., Canada Campbell, John A., 240 Andover St., Andover, MA 01810 Campbell, John A., Box 130, Black Diamond, Alta., Canada Campbell, R. Wayne, Dept, of Zoology, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, B.C., Canada Canadian Raptor Society, 3575 East Georgia St., Vancouver 6, B.C., Canada Canadian Wildlife Service, The Library, Room 515, Centennial Bldg., 10015 103rd Ave., Edmonton, Alta. T5J 0H1, Canada Canadian Wildlife Service, Prairie Migratory Bird Research Centre, 115 Perime- ter Rd., Univ. of Saskatchewan Campus, Saskatoon, Sask. S7N 0X4, Canada Canadian Wildlife Service, Director, Eastern Region, 2721 Highway 31, Ottawa, Ont. K1A0W1, Canada Canepa, Enrique, 56 East 87th St., New York, NY 10028 Carnes, Mrs. Herbert E., 11801 Sundown Dr., Scottsdale, AZ 85254 Carnie, S. K., c/o Mrs. C. H. Camie, 1154 W. Olive Ave., No. 112, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 Carr, Paul W., 865 Rockwell Lane, Virginia Beach, VA 23455 Cassell, Robert M., MD, Stonebridge House, 32 Imperial Ave., Westport, CT 06880 Castor, David L., Rt. 2, Box 5404, Issaquah, WA 98027 Catling, P. Miles, 104 Victoria Park Ave., Toronto 13, Ont., Canada Chamberlain, Donald Lee, Route 1, Box 17 A, Manning, SC 29102 Champion, John P., 4 1 8 Westminster Dr., Waukesha, WI 53186 Christenson, Glenn, 2146 E. County Rd. F, White Bear Lake, MN 55110 Clark, Arthur L., Box 155B, Rt. 3, Starkville, MS 39759 *Clark, C. H. D., Chief, Fish & Wildlife Branch, Ont. Dept, of Lands & Forests, Whitney Block, Parliament Bldg., Toronto 182, Ont., Canada Clark, Richard J., 5101 Darlington Rd., York, PA 17404 Clark, William S., 7800 Dassett Ct., No. 101, Annandale, VA 22003 Clarke, Gary K., 300 Waite, Topeka, KS 66606 Cleaver, James K., 1311 S. University Blvd., Denver, CO 80210 Coelho, Alfredo S. Baptista, Av. Ilha Da Madeira 22-5-F, Lisbon 3, Portugal Collens, R. J., 596 Patricia Ave., Winnipeg, Man. R3T 3A6, Canada Collette, Ronald L., address unknown. Collins, Stephen, Brooks Rd., Bethany, CT 06525 Collum, Robert O., 4142-B Ranger Loop SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87118 Fall 1972 Raptor Research Foundation Membership List 115 *Colorado State University Libraries, Serials Section, Fort Collins, CO 80521 ^Conservation Library, Denver Public Library, 1357 Broadway, Denver, CO 80203 Conway, W. P., address unknown. Cooley, Carvel R., Springfield, SD 57062 Cooper, John E., Veterinary Research Lab., PO Kabete, Kenya Cornman, David C., address unknown. Cover, Dan, Box 37, Thayer, MO 65791 Cragg, Peter C., Box W40, 703 Stadium Dr., San Antonio, TX 78212 Craighead, Derek, Route 5, Orchard St., Missoula, MT 59801 Crandon Park Zoo, Metropolitan Dade Co., 4000 Crandon Blvd., Key Biscayne, FL 33129 Cranmer, Jim B., Star Route, Box 177-B, Rough & Ready, CA 95975 Cranson, Babette, RR 2, Box 163, La Junta, CO 81050 Crawford, Jeff, RR 2, Box 53, Durand, IL 61024 Crean, Terrance T., 9 Demond Ave., Westfield, MA 01085 Croft, Joseph E., 2366 Gladstone Ave., Louisville, KY 40205 Crouse, Rodney N., 4311 S. 71st St., Apt. 3, Milwaukee, WI 53220 Crowley, Lawrence D., 756 19th St., Boulder, CO 80302 Crumm, Carl W., Jr., 803 N. Sheridan, T.H. 502, Wichita, KS 67203 CSIRO, Librarian, Div. Wildlife Research, PO Box 89, Lyneham, A.C.T. 2602, Australia Curtis, Lawrence, Route 1, Box 478, Oklahoma City, OK 73111 Czech, Jerry H., Rochester Museum & Science Center, 657 E. Avenue, Roches- ter, NY 14607 Davis, Don G., Dir., Cheyenne Mountain Zoo, Box 158, Colorado Springs, CO 80901 Dedrick, Matt, 669 Fairmont Rd., Winnipeg, Man., Canada Dekker, Dick, 3819-1 12 A St., Edmonton 73, Alta., Canada de la Torre, Fidele, DDS, Olympia Plaza, 1760 Fremont Blvd., Bldg. 2, Seaside, CA 93955 Delaware, Div. of Fish & Wildlife— Wildlife Section, Dept, of Natural Resources and Envir. Control, Legislative Ave. and Court St., Dover, DE 19901 Desmond, T. D., 3603 Chevy Chase Lake Dr., Chevy Chase, MD 20015 DiCarlo, D., 2077 Weston Rd., Weston, Ont., Canada Dieffenbach, E. A., 9881 Caribbean Blvd., Miami, FL 33157 Dirks, John W., 4 Center St., Macedon, NY 14502 Dollner, H. A. M., 570 Rive Boisee, Pierrefonds, Que., Canada Doughty, Kent, 1310 W. 59th PL, La Grange, IL 60525 Drawz, Clifford, 6605 SE 93rd Ave., Portland, OR 97266 Dubke, Kenneth H., Apt. 1, 720 Bacon Tr., Chattanooga, TN 37412 Duke, Gary E., DVM, Dept, of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Col- lege of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55101 Dunlop, Nick, 2723 Provincetown Ct., Ann Arbor, MI 48103 Dunstan, Thomas C., Biology Dept., Western Illinois Univ., Macomb, IL 61455 116 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 Eberly. Lee A.. RR, Ellsworth, MN 56129 Elliott, E. G., MD, 720 North Washington, Rome, NY 13440 Ellis, David H., Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT 59801 Ellis, Lon E., 950 N. Tropical Trail, Merritt Island, FL 32952 Enderson, James H., Biology Dept., Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 English, Walter G., 8842 13th SW, Seattle, WA 98106 Evans, David L., W237 N473 Oak Ridge Dr., Waukesha, WI 53186 Faegerlie, Stephen R., 5542 Toledo Ave. N., Crystal, MN 55429 Farnsworth, Chas. H., 1910 5th, Wenatchee, WA 98801 Farrand, H. F., 7 Guest Lane, Wilmington, DE 19809 Fernandez, Gilbert F., PO Box 53, Dartmouth, MA 02714 Finley, Robert B., Jr., 745 Miller Ct., Lakewood, CO 80215 *Fish & Wildlife Service, Regional Supervisor, M & E, Federal Bldg., Ft. Snelling, MN 55111 Fisher, William R., R.F.D. No. 1, Andover, NH 03216 Fitzner, Mr./Mrs. Richard E., Rt. 1, Box 32-A, Benton City, WA 99320 Fix, William G., Jr., 1750 Browning St., Baldwin, L.I., NY 1 1510 Fogarty, Michael J., 2606 NE 17th Terr., Gainesville, FL 32601 Folch, Damian O., Jr., Box 277, Utuado, P.R. 00761 Forest Park Foundation, 4801 Prospect Rd., Peoria Heights, IL 61614 * Forest Service, Wildlife Management, U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Washington, DC 20250 Foster, James W., DVM, 3220 1 06th SE, Bellevue, WA 98004 Fox, Glen A., Dept, of Zoology, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1 Canada Frank, Stephen Wildman, Enbercombe Lodge, Filliegh, Barnstable, Devon, Eng- land Fraser, James, 898 Notre Dame, Grosse Pointe, MI 48230 Freienmuth, Edward S., Route 3, Box 301, Durango, CO 81301 *Friends of the Earth, 451 Pacific Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94133 Frock, Roy F., Jr., RD 1, Box 203, Upper Black Eddy, PA 18972 Frye, Ronnie, 550 Sunset Lane, Culpeper, VA 22701 Fuller, Mark, 1231 Raymond Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108 Furcolow, Mike, DVM, 4151 E. Kentucky, Denver, CO 80222 Fyfe, Richard, Canadian Wildlife Service, 10015 103rd Ave., Edmonton, Alta., Canada Gaeta, Lou, 1 160 Summit Dr., Cleveland, OH 44124 Galicz, George, 13281 60 Ave., Surrey, B.C., Canada *Galushin, Vladimir M., Moscow State Pedagogical Institut V. I. Lenin, Zoologi- cal Dept., Moscow 1-243, U.S.S.R. Ganis, Bob, Route 5, Box 383, Lebanon, PA 17042 Gard, George H., 216 E. Cecil, Fergus Falls, MN 56537 Gardner, Lee, c/o Norman Bird Sanct., 3rd Beach Rd., Middletown, RI 02870 Fall 1972 Raptor Research Foundation Membership List 117 Gates, John M., Dept, of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, South Dakota State Univ., Brookings, SD 57006 George, William, Zoology Dept., Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale, IL 62901 Gerrard, J. M., 954 15th Ave. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414 Gerrish, Gaylen M., Box 537, Bloomsburg, PA 17815 Gessaman, James A., Dept, of Zoology, Utah State Univ., Logan, UT 84321 Giessel, William, MD, The Milby Clinic, 215 Milby, Houston, TX 77003 Glasier, Philip E. B., The Falconry Centre, Newent, Glos., England Glassburn, Johnny, 430 Bard St., Moorpark, CA 93021 *Goodwin, Harry, Bur. of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Washington, DC 20240 Gorrell, Wallace Russel, 1709 S. Duluth Ave., Sioux Falls, SD 57105 Goss, Leonard J., DVM, Cleveland Zoological Park, PO Box 09040, Cleveland, OH 44109 Gossard, Tom, 7328 Cartwright Ave., Sun Valley, CA 91352 Gove, Robert C., Rt. 1, Box 100, Rockford, MN 55373 Grace, Patrick W., 4 Aldis Lane, York Harbor, ME 0391 1 Graham, David, DVM, Dept, of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50010 Green, Mrs. Janet C., 9773 North Shore Dr., Duluth, MN 55804 Green, Ray O., 8500 SW 92nd St., Miami, FL 33156 Greenfield, Giles, 423 Spaulding Lane, Fort Collins, CO 80521 Grewe, Alfred H., Jr., Biology Dept., St. Cloud State College, St. Cloud, MN 56301 Grier, James W., 1924 Rainbow Dr., Waterloo, IA 50701 Guy, Thomas D., 516 NE 3rd St., Faribault, MN 55021 Hafner, John C., 866 Riley Dr., Albany, CA 94710 Hagar, Donald C., Jr., 16925 W. Sundown Lane, New Berlin, WI 53151 Hale, Calvin C., II, Box 240K, RD 2, Nottingham, PA 19362 Halliwell, Wm. H., DVM, Dept, of Veterinary Pathology, Univ. of Missouri, Co- lumbia, MO 65201 Hamerstrom, Frances, Plainfield, WI 54966 Hampson, Michael J., RR 3, South Edmonton, Alta. 7GH 4N7, Canada Hancock, David, Wildlife Conservation Centre, Saanichton, B.C., Canada Hanley, Wayne, Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, MA 01773 Hansen, Cliff, PO Box 1063, Oklahoma City, OK 73101 Hansen, Paul E., Box 67, Williams Bay, WI 53191 Hanson, Charles L., Arizona Sonora Desert Museum, Box 5607, Tucson, AZ 85707 Harrell, Byron E., Dept, of Biology, Univ. of SD, Vermillion, SD 57069 Harris, Bruce, Box 605, Clear Lake, SD 57226 Hart, John A., 309 E. 2nd St., Morris, MN 56267 *Hatter, J. A., Dir., Fish & Game Branch, Dept, of Recreation & Conservation, Victoria, B.C., Canada *Hawk Trust, The, c/o The Falconry Centre, Newent, Glos., England Haws, Jay B., PO Box 352, Placentia, CA 92670 Hays, R. M., 533 Home Park Blvd., Waterloo, IA 50701 118 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 Hazlett, Daniel C., RR 1, Evansville, WI 53536 Hechtel, F. O. P., Flat 10 Aigburth Hall, 9 May Rd., Hong Kong Heintzelman, Donald S., 629 Green St., Allentown, PA 18102 Henckel, E. H., Camp Mt. Allamuchy, Waterloo Rd., RD 1, Stanhope, NJ 07874 Hennessy, Stephen P., PO Box 199, Logan, UT 84321 Herman, Steven G., Evergreen State College, Olympia, WA 98507 Hermann, Joachim J., 523 Thomas St., Ypsilanti, MI 48197 Herren, Hans, 41 Winterfeldweg, 3018 Bem-Bumpliz, Switzerland Herron, Roger, Tracy Aviary, Liberty Park, Salt Lake City, UT 84 1 05 Hersman, Ernie P., Box 191, Tyndall, SD 57062 Heugly, Leo, 222 N. 1200 W, No. 37, Orem, UT 84057 Hickey, J. J., Dept, of Wildlife Ecology, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 Higby, L. Warren, 260 Buena Vista, Lander, WY 82520 Highhouse, William L., 8 Fourth Ave., Warren, PA 16365 Hill, Walter C., 7300 SW 47 Ct., Miami, FL 33143 Hinckley, Robert G., RR 2, Box 77, Monee, IL 60449 Hiner, Millard M., PO Box 228, Eagle River, AK 99577 Hittle, Gervase, English Dept., Univ. of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069 Hobbie, Mrs. Wallace, RD 5, Carlisle, PA 17013 Hodson, Keith, 5191 Robertson Rd., RR 1, Ladner, B.C., Canada Hofslund, Pershing B., Dept, of Biology, Univ. of Minnesota, Duluth, MN 55812 Holkestad, Kenneth, 8910 61 Vi Ave. N., New Hope, MN 55428 Holsonback, John, 4919 East Waterman, Wichita, KS 67218 Hornbuckle, James D., 153 W. Lemon Ave., Arcadia, CA 91006 Houston, City of, Parks & Recreation, c/o C. W. Allen (Werler) Central Supply, PO Box 1 562, Houston, TX 77002 Houston, C. Stuart, MD, 863 University Dr., Saskatoon, Sask., Canada Howard, David W., 4374 Broadview Dr., Richfield, OH 44280 Howard, Richard, 544 South 7th, Pocatello, ID 83201 Howell, Bill, c/o Marlene Rossiter, 4741 S. 5th, Pocatello, ID 83z01 Hughes, David, PO Box 228, Dept, of Animal Sciences, McDonald College, Ste. Ann de Belleview, Que., Canada Hughes, Francis, Apt. 1417, lOODeGaspe, Nun’s Island, Montreal, Que., Canada Hunt, W. Grainger, Dept, of Zoology, Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 Hunter, Don, Centerville, SD 57014 Hurrell, L. H., Peverell Park Villa, 201 Outland Rd., Plymouth, PL2 3PF, England Hurry, Nelson, Fish & Wildlife Div., Dept, of Tourist Development, Charlotte- town, P.E.I., Canada Hutcheson, Paul, Millbrook School, Millbrook, NY 12545 *IBBA News, Norman F. Sloan, Ed., Dept, of Forestry, Michigan Tech. Univ., Houghton, MI 49931 Idaho Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, College of Forestry, Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 Illin ois Audubon Society, 1017 Burlington Ave., Downers Grove, IL 60515 Ince, Jim, 1914 Dunstan, Houston, TX 77005 Isztwan, Orest John, 40 Crestview Ave., Stamford, CT 06907 Fall 1972 Raptor Research Foundation Membership List 119 Ivens, Gordon Douglas, 4845 SW 38 PL, Portland, OR 97221 Ivens, Greg K., 150B Gardner-Hyde, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201 Jacobs, Joseph, 1928 Hillcrest Ave., Pennsauken, NJ 081 10 Jameson, E. W., Jr., 13 Oakside, Davis, CA 95616 Jamieson, David, 1701 Freeport Lane, Reno, NV 89502 Janson, Charles H., 29 Washington Sq. W., New York, NY 10011 Jenkins, M. Alan, 1460 E. 520 S., Provo, UT 84601 Jenny, Peter, Green Valley Farm, Unionville, PA 19375 Jensen, E. Janiece, Rt. 1, Box 325, Jefferson, WI 53549 Jerema, Rick, 4140 Francis St., North Burnaby, B.C., Canada Jerskey, Paul, 800 E. Ravine Lane, Milwaukee, WI 53217 John, David T., Dept, of Microbiology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA 23219 Johnson, Donald R., Biology Dept., Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 Johnson, H. Eugene, RR 2, Box 54- A, Derby, KS 67037 Johnson, J. W., 1421 Utah Ave. SE, Huron, SD 57350 Johnson, James H., DVM, 3510 E. 29th, Bryan, TX 77801 Johnson, Sara J., Dept, of Zoology, Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT 59715 Jones, Len, c/o General Delivery, Harwood, MD 20776 Jones, Tony Hal, Buick College, Gonsley, Rt. Roan-on-Wge, Herfordshire, Eng- land Jonkel, Charles, Canadian Wildlife Service, Dept, of Environment, 2721 High- way 31, Ottawa 1, Ont., Canada Jonkel, George, Bird Banding Laboratory, Migratory Bird Population Station, Laurel, MD 20810 Juenemann, Greg, Dept, of Entomology, Fisheries & Wildlife, Univ. of Minne- sota, St. Paul, MN 55101 Kale, Herbert W., Box 520, Vero Beach, FL 32960 Kaufman, Donald W., Dept, of Zoology, Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 Kelley, R. L., Mathematics Dept., Univ. of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 Kendall, Henry, 362 Walton Row, St. Louis, MO 63108 Kent, Breck P., 2 Court PL, Madison, NJ 07940 *Kenward, Robert E., Edward Gray Institute of Field Ornithology, Dept, of Zoo- logy, St. Cross Rd., Oxford, England Kepper, Ronald E., 17818 109th Ave. SE, Renton, WA 98055 Keran, Douglas C., Crow Wing Natural History Area, Star Route, Brainerd, MN 56401 Kerr, Donald M., 1 1,800 SW Riverside Dr., Portland, OR 97219 Kim bell, Ronald H., 4216 Hardy, Ft. Worth, TX 76106 Kipgen, Tom, Rt. 6, Box 54, No. 33, Lubbock, TX 79401 Kirven, Monte N., 6482 Cardino Dr., La Jolla, CA 92037 Kish, Frank, Zoological Park, Columbia, SC 2921 1 Kittle, Earl L., DVM, Route 3, Plain City, OH 43064 Knock, Calvin, 2532 E. Huntington, Duarte, CA 91010 120 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 Knutsen, Al, PO Box 2083, Lansing, MI 48912 Kochert, Michael N., PO Box 163, Kuna, ID 83634 Koehler, Amelie, Zoologisches Institut, Albert Ludwigs Univ., Katharinestr. 20, 78 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany Koepp-Baker, Herbert, Buck Creek Rd., Highlands, NC 28741 Kojima, Unoyo, 725-A 8th Ave., Honolulu, HI 96816 Kolvek, Michael, 830 Glasgow St., Stowe, PA 19463 Koplin, James R., School of Natural Resources, Humboldt State College, Ar- eata, CA 95521 Kuhn, Richard, 10125 W. Upham Ave., Hales Corners, WI 53130 Kump, George F., 135 Walnut St., Westfield, PA 16950 Kussman, Joel V., Dept, of Entomology, Fisheries and Wildlife, Univ. of Minne- sota, St. Paul, MN 55101 Kuyt, Ernie, Box 85, Ft. Smith, N.W.T., Canada LaFollette, R. M., Rt. 2, Box L.V. 150, Laingsburg, MI 48848 Lane, Frank B., 21 E. Shady side Dr., Dayton, OH 45405 Lange, Kenneth I., 314 3rd St., Baraboo, WI 53913 Lawson, Phillip T., DVM, 703 Ram Court, Olympia, WA 98503 Layman, Stephen B., Box 23, Friday Harbor, San Juan Island, WA 98250 LeFebvre, Eugene, Dept, of Zoology, Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale, IL 62901 LeJeune, John, Peregrine Park, RR 2, Hope, B.C., Canada Lincer, J. L., Mote Marine Labs., 9501 Blind Pass Rd., Sarasota, FL 33581 Linder, Raymond W., 1619 Mary Dr., Pleasant Hill, CA 94523 Llewellyn, J., University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong B.C.C. Lykkebo, Finn, Dansk Falconerselskab, S0ndersig-6855 Outrup, Denmark Mac Bride, Wm. C. Ill, PO Box 253, Lyndell, PA 19354 McBride, William G., Town Hall, Corte Madera, CA 94925 McCleery, James M., MD, 230 3 Harper Dr., Pasadena, TX 77502 McClure, H. Elliot, Migratory Animal Pathological Survey, c/o SEATO Medical Lab., APO San Francisco, CA 96346 McCowan, Craig, Dir., Potawatomi Park Zoo, 1006 35th St., South Bend, IN 46615 Me Elroy, Harry C., Box 896, Tuba City, AZ 86045 McGowan, Jerry D., Alaska Dept. Fish and Game, 1300 College Rd., Fairbanks, AK 99701 McGowan, John E., 4313 Blair Mill Rd., Hatboro, PA 19040 McGreer, Timothy A. Jennings, 10118 Cavalry Dr., Fairfax, VA 22030 McKenzie, Robert M. Jr., Catawba Ave., Newfield, NJ 08344 McKinnis, Darrell K., 25 W. Main St., Newburgh, IN 47130 McLeran, Vic, Kansas Forestry, Fish & Game Commission, Box 1028, Pratt, KS 67124 McNicholl, Martin K., Dept, of Zoology, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. T6G 2J7 Canada Fall 1972 Raptor Research Foundation Membership List 121 Mader, Bill, 41 W. Alpia Way, Tucson, AZ 85704 Maestrelli, John R., Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD 20810 Magee, William R., 8305 Slough Road NW, Carroll, OH 43112 Maley, Alfred, 1465—1325 University Terr., Ann Arbor, MI 48104 Mallun, Bill, 1117 Walnut Ln., Lansdale, PA 19446 Malone, James K., 9988 Monticello Ln., Osseo, MN 55369 Manitoba Museum of Man & Nature, Library, 190 Rupert Ave., Winnipeg 2, Manitoba, Canada Manitoba Dept, of Mines, Resources & Environmental Management, Library, 1006 Norquay Bldg., Winnipeg, Man. R3C 0P8, Canada Mankin, Vic, College of Education, Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711 Mannix, Daniel P. IV, Sunny Hill Farm, RD 2, Box 54, Malvern, PA 19355 Marcus, Stanley A., Rt. 2, Coleman, MI 48618 *Marquart, J. J., Station Regionale de Conservation de la Nature, Zoo de Haye, 54 Velaine-en-Haye, France Marsden, Charles, 8160 S. College Ave., Whittier, CA 90605 Marshall, Joe T., Jr., U. S. Army SEATO Medical Research Lab., APO San Fran- cisco, CA 96346 Marti, Carl D., Dept, of Zoology, Weber State College, Ogden, UT 84403 Martin, Patricia, DVM, 3421 W. Foster, Chicago, IL 60625 Mascuch, Paul, Rt. 5, Black Road, Joliet, IL 60435 Mathisen, John E., 1001 Miles Ave. S., Bemidji, MN 55601 Matray, Paul, 46 Kemble, Lenox, MA 01240 Mattingly, Brother Edwin, address unknown. Mattox, William G., 307 Blandford Ave., Worthington, OH 43085 Mattsson, James P., 389 W. Lake St, Rt. 1, Long Lake, MN 55356 Mavrogordato, Jack, South Manor, Tilshead, Wilts, England Meffley, Edith K., 32 Lewis Dr., Ridgefield, CT 06877 Meier, Ralph H., Box 23, Graceville, MN 56240 *Mendlessohn, H., Dept, of Zoology, Tel-Aviv Univ., 155 Herzl St., Tel-Aviv, Is- rael Meng, Heinz, 10 Joalyn Rd., New Paltz, NY 12561 Merker, Christopher, 15670 Edington, Livonia, MI 49154 Mersereau, Gerald S., 9 Main St. Ext., PO Box 321, Tariffville, CT 06081 Mesch, Ken, Dept, of Biology, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80302 Meyburg, Bemd-Ulrich, Herbertstr. 14, D 1 Berlin 33, Germany Michero, Bill, PO Box 1315, Fort Worth, TX 76101 Miller, James G., 4951 Glenalbyn Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90065 Miller, L. H., Jr., 305 Long Ave., N. Aurora, IL 60542 Minick, Merlyn C., 4271 Willis Rd., Milan, MI 48160 Mississippi State Univ., Mitchell Memorial Library, Mississippi State, MS 39762 Moeller, Bob, Route 4, Sharon, CT 06069 Molchan, Emory, 15752 Stanbrook, La Mirada, CA 90602 Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT 59801 Montreal, Universite de, C.P. 1628, Service des Periodiques, Bibliotheque Ge- nerate, Montreal 101, Que., Canada RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 122 Moran, John Edward, 4438 W. 169th St., Lawndale, CA 90260 Morgan, D. Bruce, Reed, McClure, Moceri & Thone, 17th Floor Hoge Bldg., 2nd and Cherry, Seattle, WA 98104 Morgan, Eddie, Route 3, Murray, KY 42071 Moritz, Carl, 21 Spring La., W. Caldwell, NJ 07006 Morrow, Ian H., 22 Tamara Ln., Cornwall, NY 12518 Morrow, John T., PO Box 163, State College, MS 39762 Mosher, J. A., Dept, of Zoology, 575 Widtsoe Bldg., Brigham Young Univ., Pro- vo, UT 84601 Mowatt, Mark R., 240 Forest Resources Bldg., Univ. of Maine, Orono, ME 04473 Mueller, Helmut C., Dept, of Zoology, Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 Mutchler, Thomas, 1 12 13th Ave., Bethlehem, PA 18018 Myres, M. T., Dept, of Biology, Univ. of Calgary, Calgary 44, Alta., Canada Nagy, Alexander C., Hawk Mountain Sanct. Assoc., R 2, Kempton, PA 19529 *National Audubon Society, Library, 950 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022 National Reference Library of Science & Invention (Bayswater Div.), 10 Por- chester Gardens, London W2, England National Zoological Park, Adams Mill Rd., NW, Room 205, Washington, DC 20009 Nebraska Game & Parks Commission, State Capitol, Lincoln, NE 68509 Nehls, Donald A., N90W17016 Appleton Ave., Menomonee Falls, WI 53051 Nelson, Morlan, 73 East Way, Boise, ID 83702 Nelson, R. Wayne, Dept, of Biology, Univ. of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. T2N 1N4, Canada New Jersey, Div. of State Museum, Dept, of Education, Bureau of Research, PO Box 1868, 205 W. State St., Trenton, NJ 08625 Nicholls, Thomas H., North Central Forest Experiment Station, Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55101 Nickens, Ernest Lee, 2349 N. Poplar, Wichita, KS 67219 Niehus, Bill, 1920 Birchwood Rd., North Platt, NE 69101 *North West Territories, Commission of the, Yellowknife, N.W.T., Canada North West Territories Superintendent of Game, Game Management Div., Gov. of the N.W.T., Yellowknife, N.W.T., Canada Nye, Alva G. Jr., 1001 Towlston Rd., McLean, VA 22101 Oar, Jack, 6142 Burr Oak Rd., Roscoe, IL 61073 Oberg, John C., Rt. 1, Owen Center Rd., Rockton, IL 61072 O’Brien, Dan, RR 1, Centerville, SD 57014 Ogden, Verland T., Rt. 1, Kuna, ID 83634 Ohlander, Ben, 1650 University Village, Ames, IA 50010 Ohlander, Kurt, 1511 Thompson Ave., Des Moines, IA 50316 Ohman, Gary L., 6402 Mahoning, NE, Alliance, OH 44601 Olendorff, Richard, 3317 Olympus Dr., Bremerton, WA 98310 Ontario Dept, of Lands and Forests, Fish & Wildlife Library, RR 2, Maple, Ont. Canada Fall 1972 Raptor Research Foundation Membership List 123 Pache, Peter H., Dept. of Biology, Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106 Parenti, Edmund K., Jr., 76 B Sycamore Ln., Manchester, CT 06040 Parker, James W., Jr., Museum of Natural History, Univ. of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66044 Parkes, Kenneth C., Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Merriman Lab. Library, USDI, Fish & Wild- life Service, Laurel, MD 20810 Peabody Museum of Natural History, Ornithology Library, Yale Univ., New Haven, CT 06520 Peirson, Richard J., address unknown. Perry, M. C., Route 2, Box 261, Laurel, MD 20810 Peters, James W., Box 271-a Piney Grove Rd., Reisterstown, MD 21136 Peters, Jeffrey C., 603 Ridgeway, Columbia, MO 65201 Petersen, Leroy R., Dept, of Natural Resources, 391 1 Fish Hatchery Rd., Madi- son, WI 53711 Peterson, Don A., 8244 Calmada Ave., Whittier, CA 90602 Peterson, Richard S., Box 419, Issaquah, WA 98027 Petrak, Margaret L., DVM, 139 Winthrop St., Medway, MA 02053 Pitt-Brooke, David R., 2208 23rd Ave., Vernon, B.C., Canada Platt, Joseph L., Dept, of Zoology, Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT 84601 Poison, John G., 115 1st St. E., Saskatoon, Sask., Canada Porter, Richard, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Fish & Wildlife Service, Laurel, MD 20810 Postupalsky, Sergej, PO Box 287, Roseville, MI 48066 Pough, Richard H., 33 Highbrook Ave., Pelham, NY 10803 Poulsen, S. E., Saltvaerksvej 195, 2770 Kastrup, Denmark Prestemon, Mr./Mrs. David L., Box 25, Poolesville, MD 20837 Pye, Douglas, MD, Deadman’s Cay, Long Island, Bahamas Quebec, Bibliotheque— Faune, Min. Tourisme, Chasse et Peche, Edifice de la Faune, Orsainville, Quebec, Canada Rafuse, Robert D., 135 Mayfair Crescent, Regina, Sask., Canada Ray, Thomas D., 1560 Ogden St., No. B, Denver, CO 80218 Reddig, Patrick T., 5332 Raymond Ave., New Brighton, MN 55112 Rees, John W., 272 River St., Forty Fort, PA 18704 Ricardi, Thomas, Poland Rd., Conway, MA 01341 Rice, William R., 14432 Superior Ave., Cleveland, OH 44118 Richards, Gerald L., Dept, of Zoology, Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT 84601 Ridpath, Michael, CSIRO, Div. of Wildlife Research, Cnr. Clayton & Fyfe Rds., Helena Valley Via Midlands, W.A., Australia 6056 Rill, Robert W. Jr., DVM, 107 East Baltimore Ave., Lansdowne, PA 19018 *Ring, The, Lab. of Ornithology, Slenkiewicza 21, Wroclaw, Poland Ritchie, David, 388 McFadden, Moorpark, CA 93021 Roberts, Hadley B., PO Box 1481, Salmon, ID 83463 Robinson, Gary G., Box 53, Yoder, WY 82244 124 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol, 6, No. 3 Robinson, William H., Rt. 1, Box 202, Saugerties, NY 12477 Rogers, Ralph R., Rt. 3, Box 376, Lubbock, TX 79401 Roosa, Dean M., Box 57, Goldfield, IA 50542 Rosenthal, Mark A., address unknown. Ross, James T., address unknown. Rosskopf, Walter Jr., 562 Scotwood, Palos Verdes Peninsula, CA 90274 Roth, Robert, Rt. 4, Box 241, Fort Pierce, FL 33450 Rowland, Lenton O., 12,516 W. 97th Terr., Apt. 100, Lenexa, KS 66215 Ruos, James L., 8160 Stabean Dr., Fulton, MD 20759 Russell, W. C., DVM, 2830 S. 3rd St., Omaha, NE 68108 Russo, Monica, Tulip Tree Lane, Norwalk, CT 06851 Ryno, Stanley P., 6404 Northbrook Way, Fair Oaks, CA 95628 *Sachsze, Dagmar, Institut fur Physiol. Zool., Johannes Gutenberg-Univ., 65 Mainz, Germany Samson, Herman H., Dept, of Psychology, Rutgers College, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 San Francisco Zoological Society, San Francisco Zoo, Zoo Rd. and Skyline Blvd., San Francisco, CA 94132 Satterfield, Wm. C., Boston Zoo Society, Franklin Park Zoo, Dorchester, MA 02121 Saunders, Eloise, 145 Post Rd., Westerly, RI 02891 Sawby, Scott W., Dept, of Zoology, Utah State Univ., Logan, UT 84321 Sayler, Dale, 1 2 J 4th Ave. W,, West Fargo, ND 58078 Schaefer, W. H., 132 Pandera Ave. N., Kitchener, Ont. N2H 3C8, Canada Scharf, W. C., Northwestern Michigan College, Traverse City, MI 49684 Scharff, Jim, 6300 East First, No. 67, Spokane, WA 99206 Schendel, Larry E., 2790 Allis Ave. NE, N. St. Paul, MN 55109 Schmidt, Adam P., 318 Avenue ‘U’ N., Saskatoon, Sask. S7L 3C7, Canada Schmidt, Owen L., Route 2, Box 130, Albany, MN 56307 Schmitt, Edward C., St. Louis Zoological Park, Forest Park, St. Louis, MO 63110 Schnell, Jay H., Dept, of Wildlife & Fisheries, Univ. of Alaska, College, AK 99701 Schormair, Eckart, 3091 Otersen Nr. 7, Krs. Verden/Aller, Germany Schubert, Teddy, 20 Spring Lane, West Caldwell, NJ 07006 Schule, Donald K., 329 N. Rutan, Wichita, KS 67218 Schwartz, Charles H., Box 4612, Pocatello, ID 83201 *Schweizerische Vogelwarte, 6204 Sempach, Switzerland Scott, James, DVM, 2000 Stanford Dr., Anchorage, AK 99504 Scott, Vere Hunt, Dept, of Zoology, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man. R3T 2N2, Canada Scott, W. E., Dept, of Natural Resources, State of Wisconsin, Box 450, Madison, WI 53701 Scruggs, E. D., 72 W. Brookhaven Dr. NE, Atlanta, GA 30319 Seattle Wild Bird Clinic, 21234 33rd Ave. S., Seattle, WA 98188 Seidensticl^er, John, Wildlife Research Unit, Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 Seifert, Vern, 6616 Greenwood, Anchorage, AK 99502 Fall 1972 Raptor Research Foundation Membership List 125 Seneca Park Zoo, 2222 St. Paul St., Rochester, NY 14621 Septon, Greg, 5323 Athens Ave., Racine, WI 53406 Servheen, Christopher, Wildlife Research Unit, Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT 59801 Sherr, Norman A., 3189 Flora St., San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 Shor, Capt. Williston, USN, 6614 32nd St. NW, Washington, DC 20015 Shultz, Philip L., MD 107 Cienega St., Santa Fe, NM 87501 Sibley, John G., 14 Highwood Rd., Westport, CT 06880 Simmons, Lee G., Henry Doorly Zoo, Riverview Park, Omaha, NE 68107 Simonyi, Joseph S., 456 Spartan Rd., Victoria, B.C., Canada Sindt, Susan, PO Box 72, Interior, SD 57750 Sloan, Cheryl, 7340 SW 82nd St., No. C205, Miami, FL 33143 Smith, Bob, 2040 Topper, Ft. Worth, TX 76134 Smith, Christina, Box 462, Warwick, MD 21912 Smith, Clark M. Jr., PO Box 378, Greenville, CA 95947 Smith, Gordon J., 588 Chalmers Ave., Winnipeg 5, Man., Canada Smith, Patrick, 65 Scenic Dr., Orinda, CA 94563 Smith, Wayne, 8220 Elbow Dr., Calgary 9, Alta., Canada Smithsonian Institution, Library, Washington, DC 20560 Smylie, Thomas M., Sandia Ranger Station, Box 174, Tijeras, NM 87059 Snelling, John C., 17 Lake Rd., Dryden, NY 13053 Snyder, Mildred O., 161 Del Mar Circle, Aurora, CO 80010 Snyder, Dr./Mrs. Noel, PO Box 21, Palmer, P.R. 00721 South Africa, Dir. of Nature Conservation, Private Bag 209, Pretoria, South Africa South Dakota State University, Dept, of Wildlife & Fisheries Science, Brook- ings, SD 57006 *South Dakota, Univ. of, I. D. Weeks Library, Vermillion, SD 57069 *South Dakota, Univ. of, W. H. Over Dakota Museum, Vermillion, SD 57069 Spain, Dale, Box 322, Laws Rd., Whites Creek, TN 37189 Spencer, Donald A., 13508 Sherwood Forest Terr., Silver Spring, MD 20904 Splendoria, Frank, PO Box 532, Riverdale, ND 58526 Spofford, Walter R. II, Aviana, Box 428, Etna, NY 13062 and Aguila-Rancho, Portal, AZ 85632 Sprunt, Alexander IV, 115 Indian Mound Tr., Tavernier, FL 33070 Spuhler, E. H., RR 3, Honesdale, PA 18431 Staten Island Zoo, Staff of, Staten Island Zoological Society, 614 Broadway, Staten Island, NY 10310 Stauber, Erik, DVM, Rt. 1, Box 48, Genesee, ID 83832 Steffen, James F., Herman Rd., Manitowoc, WI 54220 Stendall, Rey C., Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Fish and Wildlife Service, Laurel, MD 20810 Stevens, Ronald, Fermayle Ldg., Costello Co., Galway, Ireland Stickel, Mrs. Wm. H., Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD 20810 Stieg, Gilbert D., Racine County Historical Museum, 701 S. Main, Racine, WI 53403 Stoddart, Jack, Rt. 2, Box 89A, Eaton, CO 80615 126 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 Stokes, David E., 630 Washington Ln., Jenkintown, PA 19046 Stoll, Kenneth A., 2536 Green Haze, Racine, WI 53406 Streater, James H., 1720 N. 7th St., Sheboygan, WI 53081 Sturgul, F. G. and J. L., Box 163, Highway 51 S., Hazelhurst, WI 54531 *Svenska Naturskyddsforeningen, Riddargatan 9, 11451 Stockholm, Sweden Swartz, L. G., Dept, of Biology, Bunnel Bldg., Univ. of Alaska, College, AK 99701 Swift, John R., 1821 Kennedy, Murphysboro, IL 62966 Taggart, Joseph P., 143 Browning Lane, Rosemont, PA 19010 Taylor, Frank, 424 Bay St., St. Paul, MN 55102 Temple, Stanley A., Lab. of Ornithology, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14850 *Tener, John S., Chief, Canadian Wildlife Service, 400 Laurier Ave. W., Ottawa, Ont. K1 A 0H4, Canada *Terrasse, J.-F., 60, Rue Sartoris, La Garenne (Siene), France Terres, John K., 345 East 57th St., New York, NY 10022 Texas, Univ. of, The Library- Serials, Austin, TX 78712 Thacker, Roger, Dept, of Animal Labs., Wiseman Hall, Ohio St., Univ., 400 W. 12th, Columbus, OH 43210 Thelander, Carl, PO Box 753, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 *Thiollay, Jean-Marc, Laboratoire de Zoologie, E.N.S.-46 Rue d’Ulm, 75-Paris (V e ), France Thomas, Gregory J., 15 Rolling Springs Ct., Carmel, IN 46032 Thomas, Stiles, Box 168, Allendale, NJ 07401 Thompson, Bruce C., Rt. 1, Hollandale, WI 53544 Tirrell, Peter, Biology Dept., Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201 Topeka Zoological Park, Library, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 Tordoff, Harrison B., Bell Museum of Natural History, Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Torgersen, Tom, 7844 Torgersen Rd., Eureka, CA 95501 Toynbee, James L., Box 1327, Salmon, ID 83467 Trapp, John L., Box 117, Galien, MI 491 13 Treleaven, R. B., Rockmount, Dutson Rd., Launceston, Cornwall, England Trost, Charles H., Biology Dept., Idaho State Univ., Pocatello, ID 83201 Ulbricht, Robert, DVM, PO Box 238, Winthrop Harbor, IL 60096 Valkenberg, Patrick, Dept, of Wildlife Management, Univ. of Alaska, College, AK 99701 Van Nie, De Heer G. A., Moormanlaan 11, Knegsel, Netherlands Vasina, Wenceslao, Austria 2549, Capital-Buenos Aires, Argentina Venezia, Anthony, 3654 Lowry Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46222 Voelker, Brother Theodore, St. Mary’s College, Box 1450, Winona, MN 55987 Wade, Emily, 251 Old Billerica Rd., Bedford, MA 01730 Wagner, C. Kenyon, Dept, of Biology, Southwestern at Memphis, Memphis, TN 38112 Fall 1972 Raptor Research Foundation Membership List 127 Wagner, Jerry, 715 Park St., Anoka, MN 55303 Waite, Howard G. Jr., DVM, Dreher Park Zoo, 1301 Summit Blvd., Box 6597, W. Palm Beach, FL 33405 Wakeley, James S., 240 Nutting Hall, Univ. of Maine, Orono, ME 04473 Walden, Ryan B., Route 1, Box 55, Milaca, MN 56353 Wallace, George J., Rte. 1, Box 304, Grayling, MI 49738 Wallace, Mike, PO Box 385, Raymond, ME 04071 Walton, Brian James, PO Box 1005, Morro Bay, CA 93442 Ward, F. Prescott, DVM, Dept, of Veterinary Medicine, Medical Research Lab., Edgewood Arsenal, MD 21010 Wasielewski, Richard J., 7705 W. Lincoln Ave., Apt. 8, West Allis, WI 53219 Weber, Frank J., 81 Skytop Dr., Mahway, NJ 07430 Webster, Harold, PO Box 1484, Denver, CO 80201 Weeks, Martin, Box 435, Vermillion, SD 57069 Wehner, Skip, DVM, 1903 N. Josey Ln., Carrollton, TX 75006 Weisgerber, Cyrus A., RD 1, Chadds Ford, PA 19317 Wenneker, Verle E. II, 841 18th St., Apt. 2, Areata, CA 95521 Wentland, Jack, DVM, Kenosha Animal Clinic, 3804 63rd St., Kenosha, WI 53140 Werntz, Stephen C., 837 Walters Dr., Ferguson, MO 63135 Wetmore, Alexander, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560 White, Clayton M., Dept, of Zoology, 575 Widtsoe Bldg., Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT 84601 White, Jimmie, 836 Faith Home Rd., Turlock, CA 95380 Whitehead, P. L., 18 Carlisle St., London WI, England Whitfield, D. W. A., 71 Commerce, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask. S7N 0W0, Canada Whittaker, Dan, c/o Lawndale Pet Hospital, 14700 Hawthorne Blvd., Lawndale, CA 90260 Widener, P. A. B. Jr., Russell Park West No. 10, Missoula, MT 59801 Wiemeyer, Stanley N., Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Fish & Wildlife Ser- vice, Laurel, MD 20810 Williamson, David R., 4328 Lambeth Lane, Ft. Worth, TX 76103 Williamson, Michael A., 614 Mesilla St. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 Wilson, Robert M., Clover Land, Randolph Twp., RD 3, Dover, NJ 07801 Wimsatt, Wm. A., Genetics, Plant Science Bldg., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14850 Wisecarver, James B., 337 Shady Glen Rd., Walnut Creek, CA 94596 Wolfe, L. R., PO Box 1 1 , Kerrville, TX 78028 Wolhuter, Bruce R., c/o Cheyenne Mountain Zoo, POBox 158, Colorado Springs CO 80901 Woody, Jesse L., 2409 S. Evans, El Reno, OK 73036 Wylie, Stephen R., Philadelphia Zoological Gardens, 34th St. and Girard Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104 Zehring, Mark, RR 3, Box 263, Lebanon, PA 17042 Zimmerman, David, 603 W. 1 1 1th St., New York, NY 10025 NOTES, NEWS, AND QUERIES Publication Date of Summer Issue, 1972. Volume 6, Number 2, Summer 1972, of Raptor Research was officially published December 29, 1972. Supple- ments A and B were published the same day. R.R.F.’s New Letterhead and Cover Picture for Raptor Research. Now that considerable discussion of our cover picture has developed, we would like to give you the details of its origin. This Prairie Falcon must be one of the most aggressive birds in Colorado. She was banded several years ago and occupies an extremely overhung eyrie near a paved highway. It is suspected that the acces- sibility of the cliff, but the inaccessibility of her offspring, has resulted in her aggressiveness. She is always successful at fledging young and meets every in- truder with the attitude caught on camera by Babette Cranson of LaJunta, Col- orado. Robert Katona of Denver, Colorado, used Miss Cranson’s photograph as the basis for the drawing. The falcon is in a banked turn which led to a low-angle stoop at the photog- rapher. This gave a foreshortened appearance and the rounded, irregular shapes of the wings. We wish to thank both Babette Cranson and Robert Katona for their fine work jn the field and in the studio, respectively. Conference on Raptor Conservation Techniques, March 22-25, 1973. Mem- bers will have received further information on this conference by the time this issue is received. The program promises to be a very interesting one. Please note that the dates in March are different from those in our earlier notice. Disease Transmission Problems in Raptors. An example of this general prob- lem is shown in the translation of a report from the Swedish National Veteri- nary Institute on virus hepatitis in Eagle Owls reprinted on pages 104-105 of this issue. In this connection one of the authors, Dr. Karl Borg writes, “Because of these findings, I have advised our authorities not to permit further importa- tion of Eagle Owls to Sweden, and as well recommend restrictions in releasing owls from the breeding stations.” This and the import restrictions because of Newcastle’s Disease point up the importance of this general subject to work on raptors. 128 Fall 1972 Notes, News, and Queries 129 Second Conference on Captivity Breeding of Raptors, The Raptor Research Foundation sponsored a two-day conference on November 25-26, 1972 at Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Notification was sent to all we knew were interested in the subject. It was decided to have the meeting separate from the Conference on Raptor Conservation Techniques in order to complete it before the initiation of the breeding season. A report on this meeting will be forthcoming. Breeding Project Information Exchange— Change of Procedures. Those pre- sent at the conference on captivity breeding decided that we should revert to our earlier pattern of circulating reports in an informal manner as quickly as possible to interested members, and not to put them in Raptor Research except in a brief summary form; those that may be of general interest may be rewritten for formal printing. Thirty-two reports sent out or distributed in connection with the conference were renumbered as BPIE 42-73. Four additional BPIEs (74-77) were sent to all our mailing list that we know or we thought might have special interest in cap- tivity breeding along with a form to be returned to receive future numbers. Be- cause of the expense involved, the BPIE can only be sent to those who contrib- ute at least $2 above the minimum contribution when dqes requests are sent out for 1973. Anyone who wishes to be on this list that we did not contact may send their request to the RRF office. Items for BPIE should be sent there also. Request for Information and Assistance. I am trying to determine the where- abouts in captivity of egg laying Hawk Eagles Hieraaetus spilogaster/fasciatus (African or Bonelli’s Hawk Eagle) as I would like to try artificial insemination from an imprinted male now in my possession. Anyone with information, a suitable bird, or interest in this project please contact: John C. Snelling, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY 14850. Dr. Cade Appointed Chairman of Captivity Breeding Committee. Donald V. Hunter, Jr., who has been Chairman of this Committee since its inception, has passed on the leadership to Dr. Tom Cade, RR 1, Dryden, NY 13053. BPIE cir- culation will continue from the office in South Dakota. A Grazing Protest for the Eagle Killers. In hearings before Senator Gale Mc- Gee’s (Wyoming) Appropriations Subcommittee last August, it was revealed RAPTOR RESEARCH 130 Vol. 6, No. 3 that a number of powerful Wyoming wool growers had hired airborne gunners to shoot American Bald and Golden Eagles. James Vogan, a pilot for Buffalo Flying Service in Buffalo, Wyoming, ad- mitted to the Subcommittee that he had participated in killing of an estimated 570 eagles. In doing so, he implicated Herman Werner, owner of a number of Wyoming properties, including the Bolton Ranch, Inc., in Casper, where much of the killing was done. When the news broke, citizens throughout the country condemned the killings and demanded swift and adequate punishment for them. A recent check of the records reveals that those primarily implicated in the killings of the country’s national symbol have gone unpunished, although some minor functionaries have been minimally fined. Pilot Vogan, who was granted federal immunity in exchange for his testimony, is the only major participant who has thus far been affected. He has been charged under Wyoming State law, though it is questionable whether that charge will stand in light of the congres- sional immunity which he was granted. The main perpetrators of the killings (i.e. Werner and the other woolgrowers who hired the pilots and gunners), how- ever, remain unpunished. Another startling fact in the case is that Werner and the other involved wool- growers hold grazing permits and licenses which confer grazing privileges on federally-owned land under provisions of the Taylor Grazing Act. Despite the fact that some, if not all, of the killings apparently took place on these federal lands, Werner and the rest continue to use the land just as they always have, without regard to the rules of the license. In response to an application by Werner to renew his federal grazing rights, the National Wildlife Federation recently filed a petition of Intervention and Protest with the District Manager, Rawlins Grazing District, Bureau of Land Management in Wyoming, objecting to the renewal of a grazing license to Her- man Werner and the Bolton Ranch, Inc. The protest is based on a Taylor Graz- ing Act clause which requires that the licensee comply with the “rules and regu- lations . . . approved by the Secretary of the Interior.” Included in the rules are the laws prohibiting the taking of American Bald or Golden Eagles without a permit. Werner and the rest blatantly violated these rules by wantonly slaughter- ing a vanishing species. The National Wildlife Federation sees no reason why they should now be rewarded by the Government with the use of federally- owned lands. Several interesting sideline developments may result from the. situation. The Governor of Wyoming and the Wyoming Wool Growers Association have an- nounced plans to conduct their own predator control program. This lands squarely on top of a recent announcement on the Dick Cavett television show by Interior Secretary Rogers C. B. Morton that will end the Federal Govern- ment’s controversial program of killing predator animals by widespread poisons. “I think hopefully this year we will get . . . out of the killing business,” Morton said. He added that a bill has been drafted and probably will go to Congress in “the first quarter of this year.” (From Conservation News 36(27): 1 1, February 1, 1972.) Fall 1972 Notes, News, and Queries 131 Falconry Stirs Controversy in Hearings on Eagles. In testimony before the Senate Commerce Committee’s Subcommittee on the Environment, June 29, 1972, almost every representative of the Federal Government and concerned organizations agreed on the need to provide stronger penalties for those who kill eagles. H.R. 12186 and S. 2547 provide stiffer penalties for assaulting eagles while H.R. 14731 provides enforcement power to prevent shooting or hunting from aircraft. But it was a provision in H.R. 12186, giving the Secretary of the Interior the power to permit the taking of Golden Eagles, their eggs or nests, “for the purposes of falconry,” which stirred up a controversy. Robert C. Hughes, Chairman of the Sierra Club’s National Wildlife Commit- tee, charged “. . . this provision is needless and completely violates sound wild- life protection principles.” Cynthia Wilson of the National Audubon Society expressed concern that “this is a loophole which will be difficult to enforce and will encourage the use of Golden Eagles for falconry, particularly by taking young illegally from the nests.” Speaking to the unstated justification for the provision which allows that some eagles may be doing enough damage to persons and/or property to war- rant their removal from their habitat— not by killing but by turning them over to falconers, she countered “If someone is going to take the trouble to capture a live Golden Eagle which is allegedly depredating livestock, why not ‘trans- plant’ it to some other area or give it to a zoo with suitable facilities for caring for it?” Nathaniel P. Reed, Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Fish and Wildlife and Parks, seemed to be satisfied with the pending legislation when he testified “The legislation we have under discussion today would correct a number of loopholes and provide more effective protection for some of our majestic wild- life species.” Calling the authority to allow the “use of Golden Eagles for the sport (of falconry) a significant step in progressive wildlife management,” Reed urged passage of H.R. 121 86. Charles W. Harry, representing the American Falconers Association, observed that “The key to safe utilization of Golden Eagles in falconry appears to lie in the selection process determining who should possess them.” In dismissing the threat of harm to persons coming in contact with the captive Golden Eagle, Harry claimed that unlike regular household pets, such as the dog, the “danger from an eagle is primarily pointed towards the owner or falconer.” He conclud- ed his testimony with statements from expert sources in the Federal Govern- ment and prominent conservation organizations, such as the National Wildlife Federation’s Kenneth R. Hampton who said, “The National Wildlife Federa- tion endorses in principle the sport of falconry provided it is properly regulated and does not involve the removal of endangered species from the wild except for specified purposes under permit.” (Testimony before the Subcommittee on Fisheries and Wildlife Conservation of the House Committee on Merchant Mar- ine and Fisheries with reference to the protection of hawks, eagles, and owls.) (From Conservation Report , 92nd Congress, 2nd Session, No. 23, p. 253, July 21, 1972. 132 RAPTOR RESEARCH Vol. 6, No. 3 Artificial Insemination of Raptors. The first successful artificial insemination of a Golden Eagle was recorded on May 18 by James Grier of the Laboratory of Ornithology, Cornell University. Appropriately on Mother’s Day, a second artificially-inseminated egg hatched, this time through the research work of Dr. Frances Hamerstrom, a Wisconsin wildlife biologist. According to wildlife au- thorities, these successful hatchings herald a big breakthrough for the eventual re-establishment of various wildlife populations threatened with extinction. (From Conservation News 37(1 5): 13-14, August 15, 1972.) Bald Eagle Survives Shooting, Information Rewarded. An immature Bald Eagle has regained its freedom and a $500 reward for information leading to the conviction of a person for shooting the eagle has been given to a Wisconsin man by the National Wildlife Federation. Gary Buss, of Colfax, Wisconsin, was awarded the money by the NWF after witnessing the October, 1971 shooting of a young Bald Eagle near his home. After observing the shotgun shooting of the bird, which was perched on a tree, Buss reportedly intercepted the defendant and informed him that he had shot an eagle. The defendant reportedly denied it, saying that “It was just a hawk.” “After he had shot, however, he did not even look at the downed bird,” Buss noted. Buss then notified U. S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife authori- ties. The defendant was later fined $100 in a Madison, Wisconsin federal court. Unlike several other eagles that have been shot in the area in recent months, the fortunate eagle survived. The bird was immediately taken to nearby Chip- pewa Falls and its injured right wing was treated by Dr. Charles Kemper, an amateur ornithologist. Two months later, the healthy bird was released near the Necedah National Wildlife Refuge in Wisconsin. The reward was the second to be given under a nationwide reward program started by the NWF in 1971. Although it has been against federal law to shoot Bald Eagles since 1940, the National Wildlife Federation reward program was started in 1971 as the result of the revealed mass slaughter of eagles in Wyom- ing. According to wildlife management experts, the future for the nation’s sym- bol is looking increasingly bleak. The total in the lower 48 states is estimated to be as few as three to four thousand birds and the use of hard pesticides and diminishing habitat continue to take their toll. The southern subspecies of Bald Eagle found in the eastern half of the United States is already classified as an endangered species by the U. S. Interior Department. The National Wildlife Federation continues to offer a $500 reward upon verification that the claimant’s information was substantial assistance in obtain- ing a conviction for shooting a Bald Eagle. The claimant must request the re- ward in writing to the National Wildlife Federation, 1412 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20036, within six months after conviction. If more than one Bald Eagle was shot by the convicted person, $500 will be awarded for the one bird representing the total number shot. (From Conservation News 37(10): 10- 11, June 1, 1972.) RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC. in care of Biology Department University of South Dakota Vermillion, South Dakota 57069 U.S.A. The RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC. is a non-profit corporation whose purpose is to stimulate, coordinate, direct, and conduct research in the biology and management of birds of prey, and to promote a better public un- derstanding and appreciation of the value of these birds. Publication has been a major area of activity. From 1967 to 1971 Raptor Re- search News was published; in 1972 publication was continued under a new name, Raptor Research. A series of occasional longer publications was started in 1971, Raptor Research Report. Raptor Research Abstracts, initiated in 1972, is a quarterly bibliographic service. The Raptor Research Foundation has had a. number of informal meetings and in 1971 sponsored the first of its conferences on specific topics on raptors. This one was entitled “Special Conference on Captivity Breeding of Raptors,” and another planned for 1973 is entitled “Conference on Raptor Conservation Tech- niques.” The interests of the Foundation are indicated by the titles of its committees: Editorial, Captivity Breeding, Population, Banding, Bio-telemetry, Pathology, Pesticide, Ecology and Ethology, Systematics, Education and Conservation, Bibliography, International Coordination, and Finance and Investment. MEMBERSHIP Membership in the Raptor Research Foundation is open to all who contribute. Raptor Research is sent to all who contribute a minimum of $3.00 per year; those who wish to receive both Raptor Research and Raptor Research Ab- stracts must contribute a minimum of $5.00. These minimal rates have been established to encourage all who are interested to join. Other activities are financed by the generosity of members who contribute more than the mini- mum. Such contributions are encouraged. PUBLICATIONS All previous publications are still available. Raptor Research News each issue 50 cents. 1967-1969, Vols. 1-3, 4 issues each; Analytical Index, Vols. 1-3- 50 cents. 1970-1971, Vols. 4-5, 6 issues each; Vol. 5, issues 5-6 combined, $1.00. Raptor Research Report No. 1, Richard R. Olendorff, “Falconiform Repro- duction; A Review. Part 1. The Pre-nestling Period.” February 1971, 1 1 1 pp., 6” x 9”, $2.50 ($2.00 to members). Additional copies of current issues of Raptor Research are $ 1 each. For price of additional copies of the Supplements, apply to Raptor Research Foundation.