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n8 RAYS OF POSITIVE ELECTRICITY

consider the effect on a line in I. due to a charged atom. If
all the particles producing this line retained their charges
while passing from A to B the line would simply be displaced
vertically; there would be no resolution of the line; as far
as the atomic lines are concerned there would be as many
lines in photograph I. as in II. Next, suppose that some
of the particles which were charged while passing through
A lost their charge before getting to B : these will not be
affected by the magnetic field at B, and so photograph II.
will show in addition to the displaced line (a) one (ft) in the
same position as the line in photograph I. Another pos-
sibility is that some of the particles should get another charge
while passing from A to B. These particles would be more
deflected by B than those with one charge and will give
rise to a line y where the vertical displacement is twice that
of a Thus one line in I. might give rise to three lines In II.
of which the middle one might be expected to be the strongest.
If the original line were due to a doubly charged atom there
again might be three lines, one corresponding to the particle
retaining its charge, another to its losing one charge and the
third to its losing both. In this case the most deflected line
might be expected to be the strongest.

Let us now take the case of a line due to a molecule. Here
the possibilities are greater than for the atomic line, for in
addition to losing its charge the molecule may split up into
atoms between A and B. If some of the molecules were
to split up into two equal atoms the displacement of these
by B would be twice that of the unaltered molecule and
corresponding to one line in I., we should have three lines
in II. with the spacing and intensity similar to those corres-
ponding to an atomic line. If, however, the molecule were
to split up into atoms of different masses, M_l and M₂, there
would be one line with a displacement (M_l + M₂) /M_r



	n8 RAYS OF POSITIVE ELECTRICITY consider the effect on a line in I. due to a charged atom. If all the particles producing this line retained their charges while passing from A to B the line would simply be displaced vertically; there would be no resolution of the line; as far as the atomic lines are concerned there would be as many lines in photograph I. as in II. Next, suppose that some of the particles which were charged while passing through A lost their charge before getting to B : these will not be affected by the magnetic field at B, and so photograph II. will show in addition to the displaced line (a) one (ft) in the same position as the line in photograph I. Another pos- sibility is that some of the particles should get another charge while passing from A to B. These particles would be more deflected by B than those with one charge and will give rise to a line y where the vertical displacement is twice that of a Thus one line in I. might give rise to three lines In II. of which the middle one might be expected to be the strongest. If the original line were due to a doubly charged atom there again might be three lines, one corresponding to the particle retaining its charge, another to its losing one charge and the third to its losing both. In this case the most deflected line might be expected to be the strongest. Let us now take the case of a line due to a molecule. Here the possibilities are greater than for the atomic line, for in addition to losing its charge the molecule may split up into atoms between A and B. If some of the molecules were to split up into two equal atoms the displacement of these by B would be twice that of the unaltered molecule and corresponding to one line in I., we should have three lines in II. with the spacing and intensity similar to those corres- ponding to an atomic line. If, however, the molecule were to split up into atoms of different masses, M_l and M₂, there would be one line with a displacement (M_l + M₂) /M_r