Uttarakhand	229
of the cattle due to lack of fodder, resources. The flocks must
be migrated to lower altitudes. The demands of the plough and
restriction in the way of forest conservancy, soil erosion etc.
curtail the fodder resources, particularly during the winter. In
order to find solution to these problems something has been done
through IGADA in Almora district and HADA in Pauri district.
But this has solved only fraction of the problem. Still much
needs to be done.
The existing cattle wealth is almost useless for reasons of
quality. The returns out of it are very low. Unfortunately,
most of government cattle and sheep farms have been a failure
due to incompetent functioning of the authorities and widespead
corruption. In fact, what we require is traditional Gujar type
economy which provides professional dedicated norms with a
spirit of adventure. The conventional type of cattle rearing is
totally useless because most of the existing livestock is worthless.
The place of existing system must be taken by more industrious
and dairy oriented livestock and people.
Transportation
Notwithstanding all the progress that has been made in road
building, particularly after 1962, transportation of raw material
still ramains a problem due to distance, height, rains and faulty
constructions. The last railhead is at Tanakpur, Kathgodam,
Ramnagar, Moradabad, Hardwar, Kotedwar, Rishikesh and
Dehradun, which can be called gateways for high Himalayas. No
tourist centre of this area is connected to the plains by railways
as against Simla and Darjeeling. In fact, the old project of a
railway lineup to Karanprayag anti Bageshwar needs to foe
revived so that we can economise on the telling resources of
petrol. This mini rail system can be run through hydroelectric
systems.
Rivers are too fast-flowing to be navigable and they flow
mostly over rocky terrain. However, wooden logs are transpor-
ted through some of the rivers, particularly diiring winter and
-summer season when the flow of water is smooth.
These fast flowing rivers can certainly be utilised for ge»e*afij*g
power whichvcan be utilised for zoning roadways and electric
trains.