THE WORLD 403

tveryone is able to take what he thinks fit. On the other hand,
leither individuals nor States will respect the Rule of Law if
aws and Treaties cannot be peaceably changed when necessity
ind justice require. The other objective therefore is peaceful
:hange—the study of what measures will make the government of
ite world more just, and relieve the economic distress from which
nany nations, within and without the League, are suffering.
Such measures may include re-drawing of frontiers, reduction
jf trade barriers, control of armaments and much more beside.
They must be studied, not with a view to "buying off" dis-
satisfied Powers—but with this principle in mind:—Granted the
;qual right of all human beings to such happiness as the world ,
:an offer, what can be done to establish that right and to increase
ie"total of that happiness?

DISARMAMENT AND LIBERTY.

The problem of Disarmament is subordinate to those already
discussed. It has many technical difficulties—the comparison of
the value of different weapons, the transfer of workers from
irmament making to peacefol industry. But it is not these which
wrecked the Disarmament Comference of 1932; it was the absence
rf faith in Collective Security. So long as States are free to wage
war, or fear that others will wage it on them, they will require arms
ind endeavour to make them as formidable as possible. Once
Security is established, nations will, for the first time, be resolved
to disarm, and the technical problems will shrink to their proper
size. They are no greater than those which a modern State
handles every day in its ordinary administration. While armament
expenditure was moderate, consolation could be drawn from the
fallacy that it "made work". The truth is now apparent that it
takes-money from every citizen's Docket and prevents him from
jiving employment in other and more sensible directions. The
:ost of pensioning armament workers for life, if necessary, would
be large, but definite and subject to progressive decrease, The
cx?$t of the present armament race is illimitable.