S.KEY6911                      MORBID ANATOMY                             525

of tuberculosis by inoculation of affected glands into animals has
been reasonably explained as duo to a secondary tuberculous infection
of the glands used in the experiment (Andrewes, 1902). It has also
been suggested that infection with avian tuberculosis is responsible
(L'Esperance, 1931), but this has been firmly contested (van Rooyen,
1933). Other infections have been suggestedЧe.g. spirochaetes (White
and Proeschcr, 1908) and a pleomorphic diphtheroid bacillus (Yates and
Bunting, 1917). These suggestions have not been confirmed. As the
result of a long-continued investigation M. H. Gordon and his co-
workers on the Rose Research on Lymphadenoma at St. Bartholomew's Possibly a
Hospital, London, have                              .                                virus

eliminated   the  above   infcc-                %      ',"Х''!,/Д"-

tions and brought forward very            ^. Д* '". *Х'.*','ХХ  Х'**.;..

strong evidence that an agent         . Х*       :  Х*,',Х"../ ;/"Д"Х *   \ *

of the virus class is the respon-       Х \* л/'-":'Хл: ..'Х"f- ":-"   ^
sible factor. Gow( 1934) found     Х Х' "-'/ ''^'\.'-'!'Х ''/.'; *" 'ХХ:.Х/.

that a vaccine prepared from     \ *Д Х"╗ Х'Х* *   '*'Х'Х'Х ."Х'!ХХ.*Х"/Х*
lit                      ,      j         *   ХХХХ *"**     ХХ'.'Х     ':    Х'         *

lymphadenomatous    glands    ХД**."*   *.,*'":    . 1 .   '..     "  *  *i'-\,.,

and containing Gordon's ele-     .* /" '-     '\ * * ^ ХД    '."Х   .' Х/ . - '.
mentary   bodies   ('E.B.';  see     *.* y'^f **Х* .'-   . ; 1   / :    *,*'.Х*╗
Fig. 81) gave rise to reactions;        \. .Хл'*/:..  *.\    Х-'*."//-
and   Warner  (1937)   showed         ;V/'-'* "Х    -'Х/"Х'ХХХ.   '  :--"

that in certain cases a sensi-             Х V.-"*   *'v:'"Х*Х"╗: *   '  '

tized vaccine of these bodies               ' -\" Х 'Х- Х"   ╗""Х " * *

exerted a well marked bene-                       '**       -

ficial effect.                                    FIG. 81.ЧElementary bodies from  a broth

Hodgkin's disease has been       suspension of lymphadenoma gland. Stain
j   ,                   .         - ,,          Giemsa. x 1250. (From the Rose Research

regarded as a member of the      On Lymphadenoma, by M. H. Gordon)
lyrnphoblastomas, in company

with lymphoid leukaemia, lymphocytoma, lymphosarcoma, pseudo-
leukaemia, and mycosis fungoides, the type-cell of which is the lympho-
blast. According to Mailory Hodgkin's disease is the scirrhous type
of lymphoblastoma. Warthin also regarded Hodgkin's disease and
leukaemia as neoplasms. Cases occur which may resemble Hodgkin's
disease in some clinical features, but in which the histological appear-
ance of glands is atypical and the biological test (see p. 532) negative.

4.-MORBID ANATOMY
In the early stage the glands are fairly soft and on section are greyish Glands
in colour. Pronounced fibrosis follows so that the glands become
hard, thus contrasting with the uniform softness of lymphosarcomatous
glands. The capsule of the glands remains intact but is usually thickened,
and the glands do not form confluent masses, at any rate until a late
stage or as a result of secondary infection or therapeutic irradiation.
Although small yellow areas of necrosis occur, these do not, in cases