tual forms, and in this degree the Siifis give to the
true highest and absolute Being the name of " All-
" Wise/' The impulsion of divine wisdom to pro-
cure to his fixed ideals the superiority over non-
entity is by them entitled iradet,l'' providence,"and
the name of mtu/rid, c< he who wills," attached to
God. As often as the divine knowledge becomes
joined to accomplishment and victory, as having

are realities of things inclosed in the science of God, that is to say, the
figures of realities of divine names in the scientific presence. They are
posterior to God only as to essence, and not as to time; for they are eter-
nal, as much on the side of the past as on the side of the future. When it
is said, that God produces them by emanation, the posteriority which is
thereby expressed, refers but to essence, and is not true in any other
sense.—(See Jorjani's Definitions in Ext. et Not. des MSS., vol. X. p.
65.)—We may, in a language more familiar to us perhaps, express them
by " eternal ideals," or " prototypes of realities." Silvestre de Sacy adds
to Jorjani's explanation, that the question is here about divine names,
that is, attributes of God as emanating from his essence, and residing in
him, but not yet produced externally by any action. The scientific pre-
sence mentioned in this explanation appears, to him, to signify the divine
majesty, inasmuch as manifesting its presence to beings which have no
other existence but in the science of God.

i vJlotJ, "inclination, design, will," According to Jorjani's

Definitions (see Ext. et Not. des MSS., vol. X. p. 37), iradet is a qua-
lity which produces in a living being a state, the effect of which is that
he acts in one manner rather than in another. In its exact sense, it is a
faculty which has no other object in view but that which does not exist;
for " the will" is an attribute, the special object of which is to give exist-
ence to any thing, and to produce it conformably with the words of the
Koran: " When he wills a thing he says to it: "Be," and it is." Iradet
is also interpreted an inclination to any thing which follows the opinion
of utility, and in this sense I have translated it above " providence."