42o THE FACTORS OF THE MIND

he found little or no clear evidence for * group-factors,'
such as would confirm the existence of such types,
either on the intellectual or on the temperamental (' orec-
tic ') side ; accordingly, he suggested that all the differences
between the so-called extraverted and introverted types
may be explained by differences in some single factor like p
(in the sense of ' perseveration'), and argued that, when
once such a basis has been established by correlating
behaviour-tendencies, " all of what has been said about
such types may possibly be nothing but its natural conse-
quences/' l This view he still maintains with an increasing
array of evidence ; and, in his final discussion of the prob-
lem, he concludes that nothing is left of temperamental
or * orectic ' types except the ' orectic factors ? obtained by
such correlations.2

The General Factor in Correlations between Persons.—
These more theoretical disputes, however, about the
identity of the factors got by correlating persons and
correlating traits respectively we may now leave on one side,
and keep mainly to the results of correlating persons.
Here, whatever be our view upon the broader issue, we can
at any rate agree upon the narrower and more practical
point; namely, that, whether we calculate a saturation
coefficient for each person by an elaborate factor-analysis
(as in Tables I and V) or whether we simply correlate his
empirical marks or measurements with a key set representing
the hypothetical types (as in Table III), the figures obtained
will be virtually the same, or at any rate sufficiently close
to be treated for all practical purposes as equivalent.
This being so, may we not now rely, for the needs of every-
day assessment, on the simpler method of direct correla-
tion with the ' key personality'—i.e. with the theoretical
c standard person ' ?

Before consenting to do so, there is one passing question that the
practical worker is very prone to put. If correlating persons
affords such a simple way of measuring their approximation to this

1 Cf. Abilities of Man, chap, iv, esp. pp. 52 et seq., and pp. 82, 305.

2 Psychology Down the Ages, Vol. II, chap, xlii, § 7, * Fate of Orectic
Types': cf. chap, xxxviii, * The New Typology.'