BIBLIOGKAPHY 891
in John Dcwcy, Logic: The Theory of Inquiry (Holt, 1936); George H. Mead, Mind, Self, and Society (University of Chicago Press, 1936); Ernest Nagel, Principles of the Theory of Probability (University of Chicago Press, 1939); I. A. Richards, The Philosophy of Rhetoric (Oxford, 1936); C. K. Ogden and I. K, Richards, The Meaning of Meaning (Harcourt, Brace & World, 1936); Alfred Korszbski, Science and Sanity (Science Press, 1934); and the writings of Kenneth Burke, including Permanence and Change (New Republic, 1935), and Attitudes toward History (New Republic, 1937).
On educational thought, sec Merle Curti, "Totalitarianism and American Education," Educational Forum, VI (November, 1941); George S. Counts, The Social Foundations of Education (Scribner, 1934) and The Prospects of American Democracy (John Day, 1938). Lawrence A. Cremin, The Transformation of the School: Progressivism in American Education, 1876-J 957 (Knopf, 1961), is an important study of reform in education. Neo-Thomism is expounded by Robert Hutchins, No Friendly Voice (University of Chicago Press, 1936) and The Higher Learning in America (Yale, 1936). John U. Nef has interpreted contemporary American culture from the Hutchins-Adler-Barr point of view in The United States and Civilization (University of Chicago Press, 1942). For an incisive criticism of the Hutchins position, consult Harry D, Gideonse, The Higher Learning in a Democracy (Holt, 1937).
On the impact of Marxism, see Sidney Hook, Toward an Understanding of Karl Marx (John Day, 1933) and From Hegel to Man (Reynal and Hitchcock, 1936); Lewis Corey, The Decline of American Capitalism (Covici, 1934); Granville Hicks (ed.), Proletarian Literature in the United States (International Publishers, 1936); and the files of The Marxist Quarterly, and Science and Society. Eugene Lyons has discussed fellow travelers and front organizations with some animus in The Red Decade, the Stalinist Penetration of America, (Bobbs-Merrill, 1941). See also Wilson Record, The Negro and the Communist Party (University of North Carolina Press, 1951). David A. Shannon, The Socialist Party of America: A History discusses the Socialist party from 1901 to 1952. For the reaction against Marxism, see Granville Hicks, "The Failure of Left Criticism," New Republic, CHI (September 9, 1940) and Where We Came Out (Viking, 1954); Alfred Bingham, Insurgent America: The Revolt of the Middle Classes (Harper & Row, 1936); Sidney Hook, Reason, Social Myths and Democracy (John Day, 1940); and James Burnham, The Managerial Revolution (John Day, 1941). Lawrence Dennis, The Coming-American Fascism (Harper & Row, 1936) and Dynamics of War and Revolution (Weekly Foreign Letter, New York, 1940) are expositions by America's leading intellectual fascist. Raymond Gram Swing, Forerunners of American Fascism (Messner, 1934), and Max Lerner, If fe Later than You Think (Viking, 1938), sounded danger signals.
The literature of the philosophy of the New Deal is extensive.