Radcliffe	3905
which \va> enhance* 1 hy her hight^l ailiieve-
menU   The   4/vv/mV.s   of   ['dol/tini   (17^4).
These v\ork^, evincing command of thrilling
narrative and rare deMTiptive power, proved
her vigorous originality ami her scum- of
natural beaut\. Her lust romance, The Ital-
ian, witli its strong character Sclu'doni, ap-
peared in 170,7.
Radcliffe College, an institution of higher
education for women in (Cambridge, Mass.,
established by the Society for the Collegiate
Instruction of Women in 1X70, its present
litlc being ai-sunu-cl in iS<).j in recognition of
the gifts of Anne Radcliffe to Harvard Uni-
versity. The college stands in intimate rela-
faculty being
tions with  Harvard, all oi
Ilarvanl instructors while its requirements
and courses arc, with slight exceptions, iden-
tical with hum* of Harvard, ami Radcliffe
students arc admitted to many graduate
courses in the university. Ada Louise Corn-
stock has been the president since k)j^.
-S?), the patroii
She became the
RadceruncHs, Saint C^i
saint of  Poitiers  France.
wife of (lotaire, king of the district, but
when her husband murdered her broth-
er she lied to a monastery in Noyon, Later
she founded a monastery at Poitiers where
she served as a sister,
Radetzky, Johann Joseph, Count (1766-
18.58), Austrian field marshal, was born in
Trzebnitu Castle near Tabor in Bohemia. He
was mainly responsible, for the victory of
Kulm against Napoleon in 181,*, and for that
at Leipzig. It was the Italian insurrection
him his chief
of i$.{«S, however, which
prominence, when he crushed the Sardinian
forces and ruptured Milan and Venice, and
thoroughly subjugated the whole of northern
Italy.
Radial Artery, the artery be^innin^ just
below the bend of the elbow on the flexor
or palm side of the forearm, forming with
the ulnar artery the bifurcation of the bradi-
ial artery, The radial passes down the
front of the arm, on the thumb or radial
side, to the wrist, where it lies superficially
on the hoiie, and therefore is conveniently lo-
cated for examination of the pulse, ft then
winds to the back of the wrist, forward
again between the met near pal bones into the
palm of the band, xvhich it crosses, and
joins a branch of the ulnur to form the
deep palmar ardu See circulation of the
blood*
Radiant, a point in the sky from which
meteors belonging ta the same system ap-

Radiant
to  diverge  as   they  shoot   across '
sphere. It is really the perspective vanishing-
point ot their parallel tracks, and its posi-
tion depends upon the direction from which
they encounter the earth. It is hence the
most essential clement for the calculation of
meteoric orbits.
Radiant Energy and Radiation. The
transmission of light outward from a lumin-
ous source is the most familiar of all recog-
nized forms of radiant energy. We seem to
see the rays or paths along which the energy
passes, hut we do so in virtue of the dust
particles floating about in the air, which
scatter and reflect in all directions part of
the energy falling upon them. The energy
is, strictly speaking, passed on in the form
of wave-motion, the crests and troughs being
perpendicular to the direction of the ray. An-
other familiar form of radiant energy is
sound, though that does not at first appeal
lo us as characteristically radiant. Inasmuch,
however, as sound is transmitted outward
from a centre of disturbance as wave-motion.
it is fundamentally as radiant as light. Never-
theless it is usual in physics to limit the
term radiant energy to those kinds of radia-
tion which are transmitted through thft
ether. These consist, in addition to light, or
luminous radiations, of infra-red, or so-called
heat rays; ultra-violet, or so-called actinic
rays; X-rays and the so-called gamma rays
of radium, both of which are merely very
high frequency ether radiations; and or-
dinary electromagnetic waves of the kind
used ' in wireless telegraphy or telephony,
which are merely very low frequency ether
radiations.
By studying the spectrum of the glowing
carbon of an electric arc light, we can dem-
onstrate the existence of the 'first three of
these types of radiation, which differ among
themselves only in having different wave
lengths and refrangibilities. The luminous
spectrum is plainly visible, showing all the
colors from red to violet. Again, below the
red, with longer wave-lengths, lie the so-
called dark heat or infra-red rays. The infra-
red rays are not, in a strict sense, any more
heat rays than are all the other ether radia-
tions. They merely produce larger heating
effects upon absorption in matter than do
most of the other radiations mentioned. They
differ from visible light rays only in their
longer wave-length. It is obvious that the
rate at which a radiating substance loses
energy by radiation depends in some way