Phrygia

3723

Phyllite

enumerated in 1796 some 30 faculties of the
human mind. He believed the configuration
of the skull to correspond closely with that
of the brain, and declared that mental char-
acteristics are recorded in relief upon the
outer surface of the cranial bones. Dr. Ber-
nard Hollander in 1901 published a work,
The Mental Functions of the Brain; or, the
Revival of Phrenology. The author shows the
association of certain types and symptoms of
insanity with definite lesions of particular
parts of the brain. But Dr. Hollander, in-
stead of reviving Gall's doctrines, gave the
word phrenology a new significance.

Phrygia, two ancient divisions of Asia
minor, (i). Phrygia the Lesser occupied the
n.w. corner of that country, being bounded
e. by Bithynia and w. by the ^Egean Sea.
(2.) Greater Phrygia was inland. The dis-
tinction between Greater and Lesser Phrygia
only holds good after about 550 B.C. The
Phrygians were an Aryan race, akin either
to the Greeks or to the Teutons, and mi-
grated into Asia from Thrace. Troy was one
of their chief cities; the Trojans of Homer
were very possibly of Phrygian race; the
fact that he assigns to them Greek names
and Greek customs is an evidence of their
similarity to the Greeks. They were inde-
pendent under national monarchs, among
whom Gordius and Midas are two names
known to fable rather than history, until
conquered by the Lydians; then they were

Phylacteries.

subject successively to the Persians, Greeks,
and Romans. They exercised a great influ-
ence on Greek music and Greek religion, es-
pecially in regard to orgiastic and mysterious
worships, such as those of Dionysus and
Cybele.

Phryne, famous courtesan of ancient
Athens, was a native of Thespias in Boeotia.

Phthisis. See Tuberculosis.

Phylactery, a cubical leather box from half
an inch to one and a half inches in the side,
containing, inscribed on parchment or vel-
lum, Exod. 13:1-10, 11-16, and Deut. 6:4-9,
11:13-21, and worn on the head, or on the
left arm (inside, next the heart), during
week-day prayers by the Jews, in literal ful-
filment of the law. Sometimes they are fast-
ened to the door-post.

Physical Training, New York City Schools.

Phyllanthus, a genus of mostly tropical
plants belonging to the order Euphorbiaceae.

Phyllite, an extremely fine-grained meta-
morphic rock, resembling a slate, but con-
taining a large percentage of fine, silky, pale-
colored mica, and therefore lying between the
slates and the mica schists in classification.
It splits readily, and has a shimmering luster
on the surface.