Pina

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Pine

Co. opened a factory in Birmingham, Conn- |
ecticut, was the industry practically estab-
lished.

Pina Cloth, an expensive fabric made by
the natives of the Philippine Islands from
the fibres of the pine-apple leaf (Ananas
sativa).

Pinar del Rio, city, Cuba, in the province
of Pinar del Rio.

Pinchot, Gifford (1865- )> American
forester and public official, was born in Sims-
bury, Conn. He was made president of the
National Conservation Association in 1910,
was commissioner of forestry for Pennsyl-
vania, 1920-1923, and governor of Pennsyl-
vania, 1923-1927. He was re-elected for
I93I-35- He was one of the founders of the
Yale School of Forestry, negotiated the
settlement of anthracite coal strike (1923)
and served on many commissions in connec-
tion with conservation, agriculture, and effi-
ciency in government. When Pinchot resigned
as national forester in the Taft Administra-
tion and led a fight against Secretary of the
Interior Ballinger, the incident was a factor
in the break between President Taft and
Theodore Roosevelt which divided the Rep-
ublican Party in 1912. (See FORESTRY.)

Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth (1746-
1825), was colonel (1776) on Washington's
staff, was a member of the convention which
framed the Federal Constitution in 1787, of
the S. C. Convention which ratified the Con-
stitution and of the S. C. Constitutional Con-
vention in 1790. In 1797 he was appointed
with Marshall and Gerry to treat with
France, but, as Talleyrand demanded $240,-
ooo as a condition of beginning negotiations,
the American commissioners broke off rela-
tions and Marshall and Pinckney returned to
America. When warned by Talleyrand that
a refusal to negotiate might precipitate war,
he is said to have made his famous remark;
'War be it then; millions for defence but not
a cent for tribute.* When war seemed im-
minent with France he was appointed major
general in the regular army. He was selected
as the Federalist candidate for vice-president
in 1800, and was the candidate for president
against Jefferson in 1804, and against Madi-
son in 1808.

Pindar (522 to 442 B.C.), Greek lyric poet
was a native of Thebes in Bocotia, and be-
longed to one of its noblest and most an-
cient families. He was influenced by tin
Theban poetess Corinna, with whom he is
said to have competed several times and al-

ways unsuccessfully. His earliest extant poem

vas written in 502 B.C., and his latest in 452
>r 450. Some authorities date his death
arlier than 442, but its time and manner are

uncertain. His extant poems represent only
ne side of his poetic activity. They are all

Epinician Odes—odes written in honor of
-ictors in the Greek national games. Pindar
,lso composed hymns of praise to the gods;
>aeans or songs of prayer and thanksgiving,
hiefly to Apollo; dance songs of a secular
tature for festivals; processional hymns;
ivmns for choruses of girls; laudatory poems
»n heroes; drinking songs; dithyrambs or

ivmns to Dionysus; and, lastly, dirges. Odes
f Pindar touch but lightly on the individual

performer or his feat; they soon pass to
peak of the glories of the family or the na-
ion from which he is sprung, and, in retell-
ng some well-known myth, illumine the
present with the past.
Pindus, a mountain chain in central Greece,

dividing Thessaty from Epirus; its greatest

height is 7,665 ft.

Pine (P. sylvestris).
i, Stamen; 2, scale; 3, seed;
4, cone.

Pine (Pinus)y a genus of evergreen trees
belonging to the family Coniferse. Many
species and varieties occur which are distrib-
uted in. vast forests all over the northerr
half of the globe, reaching even into the
tropics, where they clothe the mountain