Punip*_ _ 3880

The HyJniHlir J?f/w 5s •liu-.traK'd diagram-
muticall) in M^. 7. The watei entcis the pipe
A Irotn LI stream or other souru-, and Hows
out thiough tin1 valvr is to \va-»te, and upon
attaining a u-rtaiii velocilx tlo-ics tlnV valve
stiddetilx. Th*1 momentum left in (he flovvinu
water enahk-s if in (.onlinui- its course, and it
pjibsi't1. on, (»pens the vain- c, and expends Us
enemy in lifting a portion ol it^ell to the
point of delivers, which may be a consider-

7. Hydraulic Ram,
/I. .v. Air Uft rump,

able height up the delivery pipe it. As the ef-
fccfs subside the valve t: closes, u opens, and

and smaller pipe* passing down the bore-
hole, and turned up at its lovvrr end into the
open pipi- J1/'. Air i^ forced down this pipe,
and carefully regulated as to amount and
pressure in such u manner as to reduce the
specific gravity of the column of water uc, so
that its vertical downward pressure at c is
hss, than iU upward vertical pressure due to
the column of water I'C, F being the level of
water in the bore-hole. Under these condi-
tions the column of water vr in the bore-
hole will rather more than balance the col-
umn of water nc1 in the rising main, and
water will consequently flow out at o, and
continue to do so as long as the boring, with
its water level at K, continues to supply the
requisite quantity of water.

Punch, or The London Charivari, a fa-
mous London weekly was founded in 1843,
at the inspiration of Ivhenexer Landells, a
London wood engraver and draughtsman.
Douglas Jerrold, who till hN death continued
to be one of the most active members of the
staff, wrote his immortal Airs. CtittdWs Cur-
tain Lecture for Punch, In 1X50 Tcnnicl
drew his first cartoon for Punch, rind from
r.Ssj until njoi be was responsible for this
salient feature of the paper, one of the most
striking conceptions being Cropping the
Pilot1' />, BiMnarrk. Charles Keene, another
artist whose work has helped to make Punch
famous joined the regular staff in 1860, and
four years later George Du Manner fol-
lowed. Mr. Linley Sambourno, who succeeded
Sir John Tenniel as cartoonist in chief, dates
bis staff connection with Punch from 1867
The subject of the cartoon has, since i8<?4,
been settled at tin: weekly dinner of the staff,
over which the ecjitor presides. When Lemon
died in 1^70, Shirley Brooks sucectrded to the
editorship, ami was himself succeeded in 1874
by Tom Taylor. Taylor held the position for
six years, when Sir F. 0. ttunmnd, whose
Happy TtwHRhts had appeared in Punr.h in
1X66, was called to the chair. Fie in turn was
succeeded in 1006 by Owen Seaman, who

water begins to How out again to waste, until j bad been assistant editor for some years

its velocity is again suftkicnt to close r; and
opun c. K is an air vessel used to preserve to
some extent a continuous flow and to pre-
vent shock. These yarns are very useful for
srnull supplies* and ad, quilt" automatically.

Another method of raising water, princi-
pally from bore-holes, is that known us the
Air Ujl tiystt'm, shown diagnunwalically in
Fig. 8. A is a boring; wrt, a pipe used us thv
rising main, suspended in the boring, and ter-
minating in an open end at r; DK, another

Consult Spielmaun's The Ifhlttry of Punch.

Punch and Judy, th« principal- characters
in a well known puppd~<how. The puppets
lire played by putting the hand under the
dress, and making the middle finger and
thumb ncrvtt for 1h« arms, while the forc-
Jlnger works th<? head.

Punchettov/n, nicc-courpe, in Rathmore
parish, County Kildurct IrdancI, near Naas,
well known fur its April steeplechases.

Punctuation, th« art of marking off, by