Red Deer

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Red Men

who urged that she try, on her return to the
United States, to secure the adhesion of the
U. S. Government to the Treaty, so that an
American Red Cross society might be formed.
In July, of the same year, 'The American
Association of the Red Cross,3 with Miss
Barton as president was incorporated under
the laws of the District of Columbia. In
June, 1900, the American Association was
rcincorporated by Act of Congress as the
American National Red Cross. The old As-
sociation of the Red Cross was dissolved in
the autumn of 1904 and a new charter pro-
viding for a complete change of organization
was granted by Congress and approved on
January 5, 1905, by President Roosevelt. The
purposes of the American Red Cross, as de-
fined by the charter of 1905, are Ho furnish
volunteer aid to the sick and wounded of
armies in time of war; to act in matters of
voluntary relief . . * as a medium of com-
munication between the people of the United
States and their Army and Navy . . . ; and
to continue and carry on a system of national
and international relief in time of peace and
to apply the same in mitigating the sufferings
caused by pestilence, famine, fire, floods and
other great national calamities and to devise
and carry on means for preventing the same.*
The governing body of the American Red
Cross is its Central Committee, which is
composed of 18 members, six of whom are
elected by the Board of Incorporators and
six by the representatives of Chapters. The
other six are appointed by the President of
the United States and include the chairman
of the Central Committee and representa-
tives each from the Departments of State,
War, the Navy, Justice and the Treasury.
In the United States in time of peace, the
American Red Cross conducts public health
nursing services, offers class instruction,
and carries on routine service in disas-
ters of various types. A traditional and out-
standing duty of the society, one which con-
tinues in peace and war, is to render relief to
victims of disaster.

Red Deer (Cervns elaphtis), a large and
handsome animal, formerly distributed
throughout Europe, and extending into
Northern Africa, and over a large part of
Asia. Closely related to the true red deer
are a number of Asiatic forms; and these
connect the species closely with the North
American wapiti.

Redemption, in law, the right of a person
whose property has been sold to satisfy a

lien, to receive it back upon payment of the
amount due, interest, and costs. It is a purely
statutory right, and the terms vary in dif-
ferent States.

Redemptorists, Congregation of the,
or Liguorians, a Roman Catholic order of
missionary priests, founded by Alphonsus Li-
guori at Naples in 1732. On the suppression
of the Jesuits in 1773 the Redemptorists as-
sumed a large part of their labors, and by
the early part of the igth century the order
had spread throughout Europe, North and
South America, and Australia. It is devoted
to missionary work, principally among the
poor and ignorant, its chief instruments be-
ing preaching and the education of the young.
The order is divided into 19 provinces and 10
vice-provinces. There are two vice-provinces
in the United States, with headquarters in
Baltimore and St. Louis. St. Alphonsus also
founded the Redemptoristines, a contempla-
tive order of nuns, which now has convents
in Italy, Austria, Holland, Belgium, and
France.

Redfieid, William C. (1780-1857), Amer-
ican scientist and railway promoter, was born
in Middktown, Conn. He was a pioneer in
the introduction of steam ferries, railroads,
and street railways. He took a keen interest
in meteorology, and demonstrated that storms
were eddies circling round regions of low
pressure.

Redhead Duck, a species closely resem-
bling the canvasback duck. The Redhead
abounds throughout the waters of North
America, except on the North Atlantic Coast,
where it is rare.

Redlands, city, California, San Bernar-
dino co., at the head of the San Bernardino
Valley. It is situated among beautiful moun-
tain scenery, and is a favorite pleasure re-
sort and residential city. The city is the cen-
ter of one of the finest fruit-growing districts
in the State, noted especially for its oranges,
and is a shipping point for citrus fruits and
olive oil; p. 141324.

Red-letter Days, days specially set apart
by the Roman Catholic Church for the more
important festivals, so called because they
were indicated in the calendar in red-letter
characters.

Red Men,'Improved Order of, a frater-
nal and benevolent organization, character-
ized as the oldest charitable and benevolent
secret society of American origin founded on
aboriginal American traditions and customs.
One of the chief objects of the Red Men is